research mechanical engineering toronto

School of Graduate Studies

Mechanical and industrial engineering, program overview.

Groundbreaking research is conducted at the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering in eight main areas. On the mechanical engineering side, the areas include robotics, mechanics and design, materials, and thermofluids. The industrial engineering areas include human factors, information engineering, operations research, and applied machine learning.

Quick Facts

Master of applied science, program description.

The MASc degree program provides students with an opportunity to pursue research-intensive advanced studies in a particular field of interest.

Minimum Admission Requirements

Applicants are admitted under the General Regulations of the School of Graduate Studies. Applicants must also satisfy the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering's additional admission requirement stated below.

Evidence of research ability.

Program Requirements

At the beginning of each student's program, a professor in the department will be identified as the supervisor who will guide the student in the research program and selection of courses.

For students with an adequate undergraduate background, the program will normally consist of 2.0 full-course equivalents (FCEs) and a thesis.

MASc students are required to participate in the non-credit seminar course JDE1000H during their first or second session of registration.

In Year 1, MASc students are required to attend at least 70% of seminars that are part of the MIE Seminar Series. Students who complete the requirement will receive credit for SRM3333Y MIE Seminar Series for MASc Students .

Students in the MASc program have the option of completing an emphasis in Sustainable Energy as part of their degree program. Please see details in the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering MASc, MEng, PhD Emphases section.

Program Length

6 sessions full-time (typical registration sequence: F/W/S/F/W/S)

3 years full-time

Master of Engineering

The MEng degree program is designed for students preparing for advanced professional activity; it is not a research-oriented degree. The program may be taken on a full-time, extended full-time, or part-time basis.

Full-Time Option

Applicants are admitted under the General Regulations of the School of Graduate Studies. Applicants must also satisfy the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering's additional admission requirements stated below.

A mid-B in the final two years of undergraduate study.

5.0 full-course equivalents (FCEs) or 3.5 FCEs plus a supervised project. A majority of the courses must be either offered by the Department of MIE or from a list (found on the department website) of approved courses deemed equivalent to an MIE course.

Program completion is possible in three sessions (one year).

Students in the MEng program have the option of completing an emphasis in Advanced Manufacturing; Analytics; Biomanufacturing; Engineering and Globalization; Entrepreneurship, Leadership, Innovation and Technology in Engineering (ELITE); Forensic Engineering; Robotics; or Sustainable Energy as part of their degree program. Please see details in the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering MASc, MEng, PhD Emphases section.

3 sessions (typical registration sequence: F/W/S);

Extended Full-Time Option

Students are expected to complete the requirements in six sessions (two years) and are limited to seven half courses per year and three half courses per session.

6 sessions (typical registration sequence: F/W/S/F/W/S)

Part-Time Option

Students are limited to four half courses per year and two half courses per session. Time to completion will be greater than two years.

Dual Degree Program: Bachelor of Engineering (South China University of Technology) / Master of Engineering (University of Toronto)

Effective August 31, 2023, this dual degree program has closed.

The MEng may also be taken as part of a dual degree involving the Bachelor of Engineering (BEng) program offered by the South China University of Technology's School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering (SMAE) and the Master of Engineering program offered by the University of Toronto's Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (MIE) department. Dual degree program students complete the fourth year of their BEng as Visiting International Non-degree Students and receive a conditional offer to the MEng program. See the MEng requirements above.

Upon successful completion of the degree requirements of both programs, students receive a Bachelor of Engineering degree and a Master of Engineering degree.

Bachelor of Engineering Program School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of Technology Email: [email protected]

Master of Engineering Program Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto Email: [email protected]

Application Process

• This dual degree program allows outstanding third-year students at SMAE to apply to complete their fourth year of undergraduate studies enrolled in MIE as Visiting International Non-degree Students. These students receive a conditional offer of admission into the MEng program for their fifth year.

Applicants are admitted under the General Regulations of the School of Graduate Studies. Applicants must also satisfy the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering's additional admission requirements stated on the department's website.

In Years 2 and 3 of the BEng program, a minimum 80% average (mid-B). In Year 4, students must maintain a minimum mid-B average until conferral of the BEng degree.

Doctor of Philosophy

The PhD degree program is for students anticipating a career in which they will be performing or directing research at the most advanced level.

Students may be admitted to the PhD program via one of three routes: 1) following completion of an appropriate master's degree; 2) transfer from the University of Toronto MASc program; or 3) direct entry following completion of a bachelor’s degree.

The Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering offers both full-time and flexible-time PhD program options. Applicants must declare the option for which they wish to apply; transfers between these programs are not permitted.

PhD Program

Admission to the PhD program is reserved for those who are able to present evidence of superior academic and research ability. Students may be admitted to the PhD program with an appropriate University of Toronto master's degree or its equivalent from a recognized university with a minimum B+ average.

At the beginning of each student's program, a professor in the department will be identified as the supervisor and will guide the student in the research program and selection of courses.

Minimum departmental standards in coursework: completion of 2.5 full-course equivalents (FCEs) plus a thesis .

Participation in the non-credit seminar course JDE1000H during the first or second session of registration.

In Years 1 and 2, students must attend at least 70% of seminars that are part of the MIE Seminar Series. Students who complete this requirement will receive credit for SRD4444Y MIE Seminar Series .

Students must pass a qualifying examination, annual progress meetings, and the SGS Doctoral Final Oral Examination.

Students must present a research seminar during the final year of their studies.

Students must be on campus full-time unless special permission is obtained for off-campus study.

Students have the option of completing an emphasis in Sustainable Energy as part of their degree program. Please see details in the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering MASc, MEng, PhD Emphases section.

PhD Program (Transfer)

Transfer requirements.

Admission to the PhD program is reserved for those who are able to present evidence of superior academic and research ability. Very strong MASc students may apply to transfer to the PhD program after completing only one year of the MASc program.

Minimum departmental standards in coursework: completion of 3.5 full-course equivalents (FCEs) plus a thesis .

Students in the PhD program have the option of completing an emphasis in Sustainable Energy as part of their degree program. Please see details in the Mechanical and Industrial Engineering MASc, MEng, PhD Emphases section.

PhD Program (Direct-Entry)

Admission to the PhD program is reserved for those who are able to present evidence of superior academic and research ability. Exceptionally strong applicants with a bachelor's degree and an appropriate background may apply directly to the PhD program and may be admitted via direct entry. Applicants are advised to consult with the Graduate Coordinator before applying to ensure that they have the appropriate admission requirements for direct entry.

PhD Program (Flexible-Time)

Admission to a PhD program is reserved for those who are able to present evidence of superior academic and research ability. Students may be admitted to the PhD program with an appropriate University of Toronto master's degree or its equivalent from a recognized university with a minimum B+ average.

Applicants to the flexible-time PhD option are accepted under the same admission requirements as applicants to the full-time PhD option. However, in addition, applicants to the flexible-time PhD option must demonstrate that they are actively engaged in professional activities related to their proposed program of study.

Minimum departmental standards in coursework: completion of 2.5 full-course equivalents (FCEs) and a thesis .

Participation in the non-credit seminar course JDE1000H during their first or second session of registration.

In Years 1 and 2, students must attend at least 70% of seminars that are part of the MIE Seminar Series. Students who complete this requirement will receive credit for SRD4444Y MIE Seminar Series . Students whose professional background is such that they would be deemed to have fulfilled this breadth requirement may be exempted upon consultation with the admissions committee.

Emphasis: Advanced Manufacturing (MEng only)

MEng students must successfully complete:

Four half courses (2.0 full-course equivalents [FCEs]) , including at least one core course.

Elective courses may include other core courses, and courses from either of two streams: Manufacturing Engineering and Manufacturing Management.

Core Courses

AER501H1 Computational Structural Mechanics and Design Optimization AER1403H Advanced Aerospace Structures APS1028H Operations and Production Management for Manufacturing and Services CHE1123H Liquid Biofuels MIE519H1 Advanced Manufacturing Technologies MIE1740H Smart Materials and Structures .

Elective Courses — Manufacturing Engineering

AER1415H, CHE1134H, CHE1475H, MIE506H1, MIE540H1, MIE1706H, MIE1718H, MIE1743H, MSE1013H, MSE1015H, MSE1028H, MSE1031H, MSE1043H, MSE1058H, MSE1061H, ROB501H1, ROB521H1.

Elective Courses — Manufacturing Management

APS1005H, APS1012H, APS1013H, APS1017H, APS1020H, APS1023H, APS1040H, APS1088H, APS1420H, CHE561H1, CHE1434H, MIE523H1, MIE1022H, MIE1505H, MIE1514H, MIE1715H, MIE1721H, MIE1723H, MIE1727H, TEP1011H, TEP1026H, TEP1501H.

Emphasis: Advanced Soft Materials (MEng only)

MEng students must successfully complete any four half courses (2.0 full-course equivalents [FCEs]) from the following list:

CHE562H1, CHE1310H, CHE1333H, CHE1335H, CHE1475H, JTC1134H, JTC1135H, MIE1705H, MIE1706H, MIE1707H, MIE1740H, MSE1032H.

Students may double-count one course at most towards any MIE emphasis, or towards any other emphasis in the Faculty.

Emphasis: Analytics (MEng only)

To be admitted to the emphasis in Analytics, MEng students must first successfully complete a prerequisite course APS1070H (0.5 full-course equivalent [FCE]) .

Subsequently, to earn the emphasis, students must successfully complete four additional half courses (2.0 FCEs) from the list of core courses or elective courses. These must include at least one core course; the remaining courses must be selected from the list of elective courses.

Students must have completed the prerequisite course APS1070H before taking any of the core courses.

Prerequisite Course

APS1070H Foundations of Data Analytics and Machine Learning .

CHE1147H Data Mining in Engineering ECE1513H Introduction to Machine Learning (exclusions: CSC311H1, CSC2515H, ECE421H1, ECE1504H) MIE1624H Introduction to Data Science and Analytics (exclusion: MIE1626H) MIE1626H Data Science Methods and Statistical Learning (exclusion: MIE1624H) MSE1065H Application of Artificial Intelligence in Materials Design (exclusion: MSE1063H).

Elective Courses

APS502H1, APS1005H, APS1017H, APS1022H, APS1040H, APS1050H, APS1051H, APS1052H, APS1053H, APS1080H, CEM1002H, CHE507H1, CHE1108H, CHE1148H, CHE1434H, CIV1504H, CIV1506H, CIV1507H, CIV1532H, CIV1538H, ECE537H1, ECE1504H (exclusions: CSC311H1, CSC2515H, ECE421H1, ECE521H1, ECE1513H), ECE1505H, ECE1657H, ECE1778H, ECE1779H, ECE1786H, MIE562H1, MIE1077H, MIE1413H, MIE1501H, MIE1512H, MIE1513H, MIE1517H, MIE1620H, MIE1621H, MIE1622H, MIE1623H, MIE1625H, MIE1628H, MIE1653H, MIE1666H, MIE1721H, MIE1723H, MIE1727H, MIE1769H, MSE1063H (exclusion: MSE1065H).

Emphasis: Biomanufacturing (MEng only)

CHE1123H, CHE1125H, CHE1134H, CHE1135H, CHE1334H, CHE1450H, CHE1471H, JCC1313H, JTC1331H, BME1459H, BME1480H.

Emphasis: Engineering and Globalization (MEng only)

MEng students must successfully complete four half courses (2.0 full-course equivalents [FCEs]) from the following lists, with at least two half courses (or one full course) taken from Group A.

APS510H1, APS530H1, APS1420H, JCR1000Y (full-year course).

APS1015H, APS1020H, APS1024H, CHL5700H, CIV1399H.

Note: Students who choose to pursue an MEng project in their home department that aligns with the Centre for Global Engineering (CGEN)'s disciplinary focus, as deemed by the CGEN Director, may count the project as one required Group B course.

Students who complete the requirements of the emphasis in Engineering and Globalization and wish to obtain a notation on their transcript should contact the Faculty Graduate Studies office .

Emphasis: Entrepreneurship, Leadership, Innovation and Technology in Engineering (ELITE) (MEng only)

MEng students must successfully complete any four of the following courses (2.0 full-course equivalents [FCEs]) :

TEP1010H, TEP1011H, TEP1026H, TEP1027H, TEP1029H, TEP1030H, TEP1501H, TEP1502H, TEP1601H.

Entrepreneurship and Innovation

APS511H1, APS1012H, APS1013H, APS1015H, APS1023H, APS1033H, APS1035H, APS1036H, APS1041H, APS1061H, APS1088H.

Finance and Management

AER1601H, APS500H1, APS502H1, APS1001H, APS1004H, APS1005H, APS1009H, APS1016H, APS1017H, APS1020H, APS1022H, APS1028H, APS1032H, APS1038H, APS1039H, APS1040H, APS1043H, APS1049H, APS1050H, APS1051H, APS1052H.

Engineering and Society

APS510H1, APS1018H, APS1024H, APS1025H, APS1031H, APS1034H, APS1101H, APS1420H.

Emphasis: Forensic Engineering (MEng only)

MEng students must successfully complete four courses (one core course and three elective courses; 2.0 full-course equivalents [FCEs]) .

Core Course

MSE1031H Forensic Engineering .

AER1604H, APS1034H, APS1039H, APS1040H, APS1101H, BME1480H, BME1800H, BME1801H, BME1802H, CHE561H1, CHE568H1, CHE1213H, CHE1431H, CHE1432H, CHE1434H, CHE1436H, CIV510H1, CIV518H1, CIV1163H, CIV1171H, CIV1174H, CIV1190H, CIV1201H, CIV1279H, CIV1282H, CIV1422H, CIV1429H, JMB1050H, JNC2503H, MIE507H1, MIE533H1, MIE566H1, MIE1301H, MIE1303H, MIE1411H, MIE1414H, MIE1514H, MIE1616H, MIE17108H, MIE1714H, MIE1721H, MIE1723H, MIE1727H, MIE1804H, MSE1015H, MSE1016H, MSE1022H, MSE1032H, MSE1067H.

Emphasis: Robotics (MEng only)

Students must successfully complete four courses (2.0 full-course equivalents [FCEs]) chosen from at least two of the following groups, and no more than two in any given group:

Group 1: Planning and Control

AER1516H, AER1517H, ECE557H1 (exclusion: ECE410H1), ECE1635H, ECE1636H, ECE1647H, ECE1653H, ECE1657H, MIE1064H.

Group 2: Perception and Learning

AER1513H, AER1515H, CSC2503H, CSC2506H, CSC2515H, CSC2541H, CSC2548H, ECE516H1, ECE1511H, ECE1512H, JEB1433H, ROB501H1.

Group 3: Modelling and Dynamics

AER506H1, AER1503H, AER1512H, JEB1444H, MIE1001H.

Group 4: Systems Design and Integration

AER525H1 (exclusion: ECE470H1), AER1216H, AER1217H, CSC2621H, ECE470H1 (exclusion: AER525H1), MIE505H1, MIE506H1, MIE1070H, MIE1075H, MIE1076H, MIE1080H, MIE1809H, ROB521H1, ROB1514H.

Emphasis: Sustainable Energy (MASc, MEng, PhD)

MASc and PhD students must successfully complete:

At least three half courses (1.5 full-course equivalents [FCEs]) from either of the following lists below.

A thesis towards their degree on a topic related to sustainable energy. Topics must be approved by the steering committee of the Institute of Sustainable Energy. Contact: [email protected] .

Four half courses (2.0 FCEs) from either of the following lists below, including at least one core course (0.5 FCE).

APS1032H Introduction to Energy Project Management MIE515H1  Alternative Energy Systems MIE1120H Current Energy Infrastructure and Resources .

AER507H1, AER1304H, AER1315H, AER1415H, CHE568H1, CHE1053H, CHE1118H, CHE1123H, CHE1142H, CHE1143H, CIV575H1, CIV576H1, CIV577H1, CIV1303H, CIV1307H, ECE1030H, ECE1055H, ECE1057H, ECE1059H, ECE1085H, ECE1086H, ECE1092H, ECE1094H, ECE1476H, MIE516H1, MIE517H1, MIE1128H, MIE1129H, MIE1130H, MIE1240H, MIE1241H, MIE1715H, MSE1023H, MSE1028H, MSE1058H.

All students are asked to register with Climate Positive Energy (CPE) at [email protected] , at the beginning of their studies, to receive information about energy-related activities and opportunities on campus. CPE also administers a number of awards and scholarships for which students may be eligible.

Emphasis: Waterpower (MEng only)

MEng students must successfully complete  four half courses (2.0 full-course equivalents [FCEs] , including one core course. The remaining coursework may be taken from the following lists.

APS1410H  Waterpower Essentials .

Group A (complete at least one)

APS1411H (prerequisite: APS1410H), CIV550H1 .

Group B (complete at least one)

AER1410H, APS1024H, APS1032H, CIV514H1, CIV523H1, CIV580H1, CIV1001H, CIV1163H, CIV1171H, CIV1252H, CIV1275H, CIV1279H, CIV1281H, CIV1303H, CIV1399H, CIV1420H, ECE514H1, ECE533H, ECE1049H, ECE1059H, ECE1093H, ECE1094H, ENV1001H, ENV1701H, ENV1703H, MIE1201H, MIE1207H, MIE1210H, MIE1222H, MIE1241H.

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Mechanical Engineering

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Areas of Specialization

Materials and Design

Materials, Solid Mechanics, Manufacturing, Engineering Design

Thermal Sciences and Energy

Energy, Fluid Dynamics, Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer, Aerodynamics

Mechatronics and Automation

Robotics, Mechatronics, Automation, Aerospace, Instrumentation, Dynamics, Controls, Machine Learning

Bioengineering and Health

Biomedical Engineering, Biomechanics, Healthcare Engineering

Innovation and Outreach

Entrepreneurship, Engineering Education, Sustainability

Build the future

Mechanical engineering is an ever-evolving engineering discipline essential to our modern world.  Mechanical Engineers focus on designing, analyzing, manufacturing, instrumentation, and maintaining mechanical systems. Mechanical systems can range from simple machines like bicycles or wheelbarrows to complex systems like aircraft engines, robots, 3D printers, or the human body. Mechanical engineers apply principles of physics (statics and dynamics), mathematics, thermofluids, and material science to develop and improve mechanical systems and devices. 

Mechanical engineers have various career opportunities across multiple industries due to their adaptable skill sets and problem-solving abilities. Examples include design engineer, manufacturing engineering, research and development, project engineering/management, quality control, HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning), solar energy, nuclear power, and consulting. Mechanical engineering is a field that offers a wide array of opportunities and the chance to make a meaningful impact on the world through innovative solutions and technological advancements. 

By the numbers

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Laboratory for Extreme Mechanics & Additive Manufacturing Zou's Research Group  |  Department of Material Science and Engineering

Principal Investigator

Assistant Professor and Dean's Spark Professor

Department of Materials Science & Engineering (p rimary appointment ) Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering (cross-appointed)

Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering,  University of Toronto

Office: PT 172A

Email: [email protected]

B.Eng. (Beihang University ), M.Eng. (McGill University), Dr.Sc. (ETH Zurich), Postdoc (MIT)

Bio: Dr. Yu Zou joined the MSE Department at U of T as an Assistant Professor in January 2018, after working as a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at MIT (with A. John Hart). He received his doctorate, master's, and bachelor degrees from ETH Zurich (with Ralph Spolenak), McGill University (with Jerzy Szpunar and Stephen Yue), and Beihang University respectively, all in materials science and engineering. He was also a JSPS visiting scholar at Kyoto University (with Takayuki Kitamura). His research areas include physical metallurgy, nanomechanics, microstructural analysis, and metal additive manufacturing.

Since 2018, as the principal investigator (PI), he has secured more than $12 million CAD in research funding from various Canadian funding agencies, including the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Ontario Centre of Innovation (OCI), Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), Ontario Research Fund (ORF), New Frontiers in Research Fund (NFRF), and Mathematics of Information Technology and Complex Systems (Mitacs).

The Brimacombe Award, Metallurgy and Materials Society Canada, 2023             

Connaught Innovation Award, University of Toronto, 2023        

Ontario Early Researcher Award, the Ontario Ministry of Colleges and Universities, 2022          

TMS Early Career Faculty Fellow Award, 2022

TMS Materials Processing & Manufacturing Division Young Leader Award, 2021

JMR Early Career Scholars Prize, Materials Research Society (MRS), 2020

Outstanding reviewer award Acta/Scripta Materialia, 2019

The Dean’s Spark Professorship, FASE, University of Toronto, 2018

Connaught New Researcher Award (top-up funding), University of Toronto, 2018

Postdoctoral Fellows

Lixin Chen, Ph.D

Postdoctoral Fellow

Ph.D Jilin University, 2018

M.Sc Changchun University of Science and Technology, 2014 B. Eng. Changchun University of Science and Technology, 2011

Research Interests : Electr ocatalysis, Catalyst Desgin, 2D Materials, High Entropy Alloy Catalysts.  

Hobbies : Swimming

Office : PT176

Email : [email protected]

Soumya Sohhan Dash, Ph.D

Ph.D Toronto Metropolitan University, 2023

M.Tech National Institute of Technology Rourekla, 2019 B.Tech National Institute of Technology Rourekla, 2019

Research Interests : Physical Metallurgy, Casting and Solidification, Additive Manufacturing, Fatigue, Materials Characterization   

Hobbies : Cycling, Cooking, Photography, Badminton

Office : TBD

Email : [email protected]

Mingyu Xie, Ph.D

Ph.D P eking University, 2023

B.Sc. Lanzhou University, 201 8

Research Interests : Experimental mechanics; Anelasticity of materials; Piezoelectric materials and transducers; Photo-elastic

Hobbies : Basketball, Fitness, Badminton

Office : PT173

Email : [email protected]

Graduate Students

Zhiying Liu, M.Sc.

Ph.D. Candidate

M.Sc. Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2018

B.Eng. Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2015

Research Interests : Additive Manufacturing, Nanofabrication and Nanomechanics, In-situ Micro-mechanical Tests and Characterization. Hobbies : Hiking, Biking, Photography.

Office : WB 144

Email :  [email protected]

Michel Haché, B.A.Sc.

B.A.Sc. Queen’s University. 2018.

Research Interests : Synthesis and Mechanics of Nanocrystalline Alloys Made by Electrodeposition. Hobbies : Sports, Travelling, Reading.  

Office : PT 177

Email : [email protected]

Changjun Cheng, M.Eng.

M.Eng. Zhejiang University. 2019

B.Eng. Zhejiang University. 2016

Research Interests : Nanocrystalline High-entropy Alloys and Quasicrystals.

Hobbies : Tennis.

Email : [email protected]

Haoxiu Chen, M.Sc.

M.Sc. Beihang University. 2019

B.Sc. Beihang University. 2016

Research Interests : Additive Manufacturing, Nanofabrication and Nanomechanics, In-situ Micro-mechanical Tests and Characterization.

Hobbies : Reading, Yoga.

Email : [email protected]

Jiahui (Barry) Zhang, B.Eng.

B.Eng. Southern University of Science and Technology. 2019

Research Interests : Additive Manufacturing, Machine Learning, Topology Optimization.

Hobbies : Basketball, Fitness, Travelling.

Office: PT 177

Email:  [email protected]

Tianyi Lyu, B.A.Sc.

Ph.D. Student

B.A.Sc. University of Toronto. 2020

Research Interests : High-entropy Alloy Design with Computational Facilitation.

Hobbies : Soccer, Chinese Calligraphy.

Email :  [email protected]

Wandong Wang, M.Sc.

M.Sc. Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2020 B.Eng. University of Science and Technology Beijing. 2017

Research Interests : High-entropy Alloys, Mechanical Properties, Nano-indentation.

Hobbies : Travel, Movies, Exercise.

Email :  [email protected]

Mingqiang Li, M.Sc.

M.Sc. Peking University. 2020 B.Eng. Zhengzhou University. 2016

Research Interests : Mechanics of Semiconductors and Ionic Crystals.

Hobbies : Badminton, Swimming.

Email :  [email protected]

Lizhong Lang, B.Eng.

B.Eng. Shanghai Jiao Tong University. 2021

Research Interests : High-Entropy Alloys, Nanomechanics, In-situ Micro-Mechanical Tests and Characterization.

Hobbies : Soccer, Hiking, Mahjong.

Office : MB220D

Email : [email protected]

Jessie Gagnon, B.Eng.

Master's (MASc) Student

Junior Engineer, Pratt & Whitney. 2021

B.Eng. Laval University, 2019

Research Interests : Artificial Intelligence, High-Temperature Materials, Properties of Materials at the Nanoscale.

Hobbies : Astronomy, Ballet, Violin.

Email :  [email protected]

Xiao Shang, M.Eng.

M.Eng, McGill University. 2018

B.Eng. South China University of Technology, 2015

Research Interests : Additive Manufacturing, Machine Learning.

Hobbies : Snowboarding, Jogging, DIY Projects.

Email :  [email protected]

Manvinder Lalh, B.A.Sc.

Master's  (MASc) Student

B.A.Sc. University of Alberta. 2021

Research Interests : Additive Manufacturing, Machine Learning. Powder Optimization.

Hobbies : Hockey, Golf, Music, Public Speaking.

Email : [email protected]

Wenyue Sun, B.Eng.

Master's (MEng) Student

B.Eng. Xi'an Jiao Tong University. 2020

Research Interests : High-Entropy Alloys, Biomedical Materials, Machine Learning.

Hobbies : Guitar, Travelling.

Email : [email protected]

Ajay Talbot, B.A.Sc

B.A.Sc. University of Alberta. 2022

Research Interests : Additive Manufacturing, Machine Learning, New Alloy Design.

Hobbies : Fitness, Snowboarding, Cars, Board Games.

Email : [email protected]

Zachary Carroll, B.A.Sc

B.A.Sc. Queen's University. 2022

Research Interests : Mechanics and Additive Manufacturing of Energy Materials, High Entropy Alloys and Metallic Glasses in Energy Applications 

Hobbies : Hiking, Camping, Baking, Guitar

Email : [email protected]

Ruitian Chen, B.Sc.

B.Sc. University of Science and Technology of China, 2022

Research Interests : Crystalline materials, Grain boundary.

Hobbies : Travelling, Swimming, Snooker.

Email : [email protected]

Jingjie (Peter) Wei

B.A.Sc. University of Toronto. 2022

Research Interests : Cold spray, Additive Manufacturing

Hobbies : Reading, Foosball

Email : [email protected]

Kailin Chen

B.Eng. Xi'an Jiaotong University, 2023

Research Interests : Mechanics of Solid-State Batteries, High-Entropy Alloy (HEA) Catalysis

Hobbies : Fitness, Singing, Travelling

Email : [email protected]

B.Eng. Xiamen University, 2023

Research Interests : Nanomechanics, Additive Manufacturing

Hobbies : Violin, Badminton

Email : [email protected]

Sang Bum Yi

B.Sc. University of Toronto, 2021

M.A.Sc University of Toronto, 2023

Research Interests : High-Entropy Alloys, Physical Properties (Electrical/Magnetic)

Hobbies : Eating, Running

Email : [email protected]

Zhengyanyan Leo Li

Master's (M.Eng) Student

B.A.Sc . University of Toronto, 2022

Research Interests : Electrodeposition, Bio-ceramics

Hobbies : Cooking, Reading, Cycling

Email : [email protected]

Dr. Xin Chu, Postdoctoral Fellow (2020-2021).

Wei Xing, Visiting Ph.D. Student from Southern University of Science and Technology (2020-2021).

​Bo Zhu, Visiting Ph.D. Student from Jilin University (2019-2020).

Linghao Du, M.A.Sc Student.

Eric Liu, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2019-2020).

Volodymyr Vasylyev, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2019-2020).

Tianyi Lyu, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2019-2020).

Szu-Jia (Jessica) Liu, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2019-2020).

Kesarin Palani, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2019-2020).

Zhenying (Eva) Yang, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2019-2020).

​Dr. Hongze Wang, Postdoctoral Fellow (2017-2019).

Jiaxi (Cecilia) Wang, M.Eng Student.

Sameen Ahmad, M.Eng Student.

Lianbo Wang, Visiting Ph.D. Student from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (2018-2019).

Chen Zhang, Visiting Undergraduate Student from Southern University of Science and Technology (2019).

Heyu Liu, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2018-2019).

Qiaofeng Zhang, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2018-2019).

Ruibin Wang, Undergraduate Thesis Student (2018-2019).

Chen Ru Tsai,  Undergraduate Thesis Student (2018-2019).

​Yuan Gao, M.Eng Student.

Jan Truijin,  Visiting Master's Student from Eindhoven University of Technology (2018) .

Professor Aimy Bazylak, PhD, PEng

Canada Research Chair (Tier 1) in Clean Energy Associate Chair, Research Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Professor (Cross-Appointment), Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering University of Toronto

The Bazylak Group focuses on the study and utilization of microfluidic and nanofluidic transport phenomena to achieve unique material designs, operation strategies, and water management techniques for clean energy technologies. In particular, we investigate thermofluidic transport in the porous media of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, PEM electrolyzers, and microfluidic fuel cells to achieve improved performance and design.

Our group consists of talented researchers from all across the world.

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Mechanical Engineering

Mechanical engineers understand the world as parts in motion.

From cars to medical devices, all design uses mechanical engineering principles. The Mechanical Engineering undergraduate program at MIE is renowned for its applied approach, where students put theory to practice through unique experiential opportunities both in the lab and in the field. Students learn about the physical principles of design: how individual components come together, and how to manufacture objects to make them safe, economical and easy to use.

The Mechanical Engineering program includes four years of coursework — including physics, risk assessment, thermodynamics, biomechanics and sustainable energy — as well as an optional year in the Professional Experience Year (PEY) co-op program . Graduates of the Mechanical Engineering undergraduate program receive a Bachelor of Applied Science degree.

The first two years of the program provide students with a broad understanding of the discipline. In the third and fourth years, students are able to tailor their program to their interests and preferred areas of study by selecting technical electives from two of five streams: Bioengineering, Energy & Environment, Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Solid Mechanics & Design.

After the third year of study, students are encouraged to participate in the PEY co-op program where they have the opportunity to work full time for 12 to 16 months before returning to their final year of study. All engineering students must complete a minimum of 600 hours of practical work before graduation. Learn more about the Practical Experience Requirement .

During their final year of study, students take part in the Capstone design program . Capstone teams are paired with industry and community clients to address real-world challenges. The program culminates in a showcase featuring the prototypes and final designs created by the students.

In addition to coursework and professional development, there are many student research opportunities for undergraduate students to get involved in the groundbreaking research conducted by MIE's world-renowned faculty. Students can also choose to pursue a thesis project in their final year.

Admission Requirements

• Tuition fees

Program Requirements

• Courses & Streams

Minors & Certificates

Undergraduate research, business and engineering program, mech club & common room, student profile.

• Helpful Links

All Mechanical Engineering candidates are required to provide competitive results in math, chemistry and physics courses. Additional requirements are determined by the prospective student's education system. Visit the Discover Engineering website for more info on academic requirements .

The information below is for reference only and is subject to change annually. View updated tuition fees for domestic and international students on the Student Accounts website .

Pay annually:

• Domestic students: $14,180/year
• International students: $58,680/year

Pay per course:

• Domestic students: $1,418/course
• International students: $5,868/course

Visit the Discover Engineering website to view important admissions deadlines and how to apply .

Mechanical Engineering undergraduate students are required to complete 600 hours of  Practical Experience and:

• 12 Core Courses
• 8 Core Courses
• 2 Complementary Studies/Humanities and Social Science Electives
• 7 Core Courses
• 1 Natural Science Elective
• 2 Stream Courses
• 1 Core Course ( Capstone )
• 4 Technical Electives (1 of which must be a Design course)

Courses, Electives & Streams

View all Mechanical Engineering courses on the Academic Calendar . The U of T Engineering course timetables display the day of the week, time, location and instructor for courses offered in the Faculty. Students use the timetable to create their course schedule.

3rd and 4th year courses & options

Students tailor their upper years of study to their personal interests by selecting many of their courses from a list of electives that fall within four categories:

• Complementary Studies (CS)
• Humanities & Social Science (HSS)
• Natural Science (NS)
• Technical (courses that count as Technical Electives indicated on Academic Calendar )

View all available electives on the Academic Calendar . Learn more about electives on the U of T Engineering Office of the Registrar website.

3rd and 4th year students also select stream courses from two of five areas:

Biomedical engineers design and develop products for the most complex system on earth – the human body. Artificial organs, medical imaging devices, drug delivery systems are innovative and lifesaving solutions that arise from applying engineering principles to medical problems. Biomedical engineering jobs are expected to increase by 31.4% over the next seven years, more than double the average predicted rate in other fields.

Biomedical engineering at UofT offers a unique experience to students to take advantage of our proximity to Canada’s top hospitals, top biomedical firms and top medical school. State-of-the-art research facilities such as MARS  and the  CCBR  are steps away from engineering.

View Bioengineering course and option presentation slides

The energy industry is one of the biggest in Canada , dominated by oil and gas, nuclear power and electricity. Environmental engineers play a pivotal role in improving polluted environments, designing facilities that directly affect our modern economy, public health and safety, and designing environmentally-responsible products and processes.

Their knowledge of physics, chemistry, and biological processes allows them to address problems such as protecting air, water and land quality; providing safe drinking water; treating and disposing of industrial wastes; preventing environmental problems by designing “cleaner” manufacturing processes; and developing alternative energy sources.

Mechanical engineers in this field have a strong foundation in thermal dynamics and fluid mechanics. Engineers with a firm knowledge of environmental processes and solutions are widely sought after by employers in both industry and government.

View Energy & Environment  course and option presentation slides

Manufacturing, the transformation of materials and information (technology) into useful products for human beings, is the cornerstone to many economic activities. It is a versatile skill, with employment opportunities existing over a wide range of Canadian industry, including automotive, microelectronics, aeronautics, pharmaceutical, etc.

It is an exciting, creative field, where engineers get to design from cradle-to-grave. You must understand how an idea can be produced, and at what cost. This design may also include the manner the product should be disposed of or recycled. It is a truly international field, with demand around the world. Within Canada , average earnings of all employees in manufacturing are 22% higher than average earnings across all economic occupations in Canada.

View Manufacturing  course and option presentation slides

Ten years ago it was comparably easy to explain the functions of a camera to a young engineer, even though the mechanisms were complex. Today, it is nearly impossible since the design of a camera not only involves mechanics and optics, but also electronics and software. The design of such products and processes requires a synergetic combination of mechanical and electrical engineering and computer science.

As with our mechanical engineering program, mechatronics at UofT emphasizes design. You will learn the skills needed to design and build mechatronic systems and that includes mechanical design (mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal), electronic design, programming skills and their integration into functional systems.

As Canada’s largest and oldest mechatronics program, you will have access to well-established labs where you put theory into action as well as cutting edge technology provided by our outstanding professors, support engineers and graduate students. Remember, UofT is Canada’s best research university! You benefit from our established mechatronics graduate studies. As part of the 4th year Mechatronics Principles course (MIE 444F), students are divided into small groups and asked to develop an autonomous vehicle that will navigate through a maze. The class is concluded with a competition.

View Mechatronics  course and option presentation slides

Solid mechanics is the analysis of stress, strain and deflection. It is one of the core technical areas of mechanical engineering. Applications of solid mechanics are common in: the design of virtually every product; creating manufacturing processes and equipment; biomechanics as related to medicine and dentistry; many fields of graduate research.

View Solid Mechanics & Design course and option presentation slides

Explore the Mechanical Engineering program curriculum in the   2024/25 Course & Options Selection Handbook

Mechanical Engineering students can choose to pursue minors and certificates in addition to their primary program.

Learn more about the available Minors and Certificates on U of T Engineering's Office of the Registrar website.

There are many opportunities for undergraduate students to get involved in the groundbreaking research conducted at MIE. View a list of current research projects seeking student support on the Student Research Opportunities  page.

In their final year of study, undergraduate students can choose to undertake a thesis project under the supervision of a U of T faculty member as part of the MIE498 course. Students can directly contact a faculty member with a thesis proposal or find a thesis topic listed on the Student Research Opportunities  page. Once the topic and supervisor have been determined, the student must complete and submit the thesis enrollment form on the Forms & Policies page.

The Jeffrey Skoll Bachelor of Applied Science (BASc) and Master of Business Administration (MBA) program provides U of T engineering students the opportunity to pursue an MBA degree at the Rotman School of Management immediately after completing their BASc degree. Learn more about the Skoll BASc/MBA Program .

Mech Club is the student council for Mechanical Engineering students at the University of Toronto. They help bridge the gap between students and faculty by participating in regular meetings with MIE staff and faculty. They host social events throughout the year including the annual Dinner Dance.

The Mech and Indy Club office and common room is located in Room 225 in the Mining Building, 170 College Street.

Students are encouraged to get involved with Mech Club, as well as other clubs and extracurricular activities at U of T.

"I chose mechanical engineering because of its versatility across industries. During my PEY Co-op position at Conavi, I was involved in mechanical-electrical systems development, micro-machining and assembly manufacturing process, device testing and more."

-Harrison Chen (MechE 1T6)

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Email:   undergrad@mie.utoronto.ca

Phone:  416-978-6420

Office:  Room 109, 5 King's College Road

Hours:  Monday to Friday, 9 am - 4 pm

Mailing address:

Undergraduate Studies Office, MC109 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King’s College Road Toronto, ON M5S 3G8 Canada

All inquiries regarding admissions to the program (including transfers) should be directed to the  Admissions Office . Students in the first year of their program should contact the  First Year Office  for support.

Michael Gruninger

Associate Chair of Undergraduate Studies

Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King’s College Road Toronto, Ontario • M5S 3G8 • Canada Phone: +1-416-978-3040

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We wish to acknowledge this land on which the University of Toronto operates. For thousands of years it has been the traditional land of the Huron-Wendat, the Seneca, and the Mississaugas of the Credit. Today, this meeting place is still the home to many Indigenous people from across Turtle Island and we are grateful to have the opportunity to work on this land.

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ENGINEERING NEWS

U of T Engineering research wins first place at MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference

See all stories »

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Can ai make health care more accurate, accessible and sustainable, iandit non-destructive testing conference 2024, praxis iii showcase 2024: focus on sustainability.

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Black Cultural Competency Toolkit This kit includes links to upcoming workshops and self-directed multi-media resources »

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Join Canada's #1 Engineering School

Through discipline-specific specializations, multidisciplinary minors and certificates, and unique professional opportunities, you can customize your U of T Engineering degree to meet your own developing interests at every stage of your academic journey.

First-year program options:

• Track One (Undeclared)
• Chemical Engineering
• Civil Engineering
• Electrical & Computer Engineering
• Industrial Engineering
• Materials Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering
• Mineral Engineering

An optional 12-16 month paid work experience program for undergraduate students.

Got something big to solve?

U of T Engineering graduate programs can get you closer.

Specialized offerings include:

• Collaborative Specialization in Engineering Education (EngEd)
• Specialization in Psychology and Engineering (PsychEng)

Customize your MEng by choosing a technical emphasis, such as:

• Advanced Water Technologies
• Aerial Robotics
• Entrepreneurship, Leadership, Innovation & Technology in Engineering (ELITE)

Pre-University Programs

Pre-University Outreach is a set of programs sponsored or supported by the U of T Engineering that connects our current students and faculty with members of the community.

Our elementary school programs include:

• Jr. DEEP Coding
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• In-School Workshops
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Our high school programs include:

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• Da Vinci Engineering Enrichment Program (DEEP)
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• Engineering

Mechatronics and Microsystems Design Laboratory (MMDL)

Welcome to the Mechatronics and Microsystems Design Laboratory website, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of Toronto.

The main areas of research are Mechatronics design, precision positioning, Microfluidics and Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) with a special focus on design of linear motors and precision positioners, design of microactuators, and integrated microfluidic systems, MEMS design and fabrication, and instrumentation and signal processing. Application areas include photonics, biomedical devices, instrumentation, genomics and proteomics, positioning in space applications, adaptive optics and automotive systems.

Precision Positioning Stage

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ur0JjC9lBUk

MEMS Actuator

Mems mirror.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzkuCvO99n0

Microfluidics

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AeGys0Naz8s

• Research Help

Mechanical and Industrial Engineering

Highlighted databases for mechanical & industrial engineering, search everything, useful web links.

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Book an Appointment

Get lengthier and more specialized research help with our  book an appointment  service.

Visit our Research Help Desk

Visit the Research Help Desk on the main floor of the Library for help.

Attend a Workshop

Workshops are scheduled throughout the term.

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• Articles & Books
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  Search for books, articles, etc.  

Search Everything lets you search across the majority of the Library's articles, books, videos, etc. If you would like to search more specialized resources, try our A-Z list and filter by subject.

• Wolfram|Alpha - Fluid Mechanics
• Wolfram|Alpha - Materials Data
• Wolfram|Alpha - Mechanical Engineering
• Wolfram|Alpha - Steam Tables
• Wolfram|Alpha - Structures
• Next: Evaluation >>
• Last Updated: Jan 21, 2024 5:50 PM
• URL: https://learn.library.torontomu.ca/mechind

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Engineering: Mechanical

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Mechanical Engineering - BEng

Is it for you?

Discover what makes an artificial heartbeat, an escalator move or robots walk and talk. You’ll learn the engineering principles necessary to design, manufacture and test machines, biomechanical implants, energy-efficient systems, thermofluid systems and consumer products. 

With the option to enrol in a paid co-op program, optional specializations in Management Sciences and Engineering Innovation and Entrepreneurship, and hands-on training in state-of-the-art labs, you’ll gain the knowledge and experience you need to help create technologies that improve well-being.

 Accreditations: 

• The Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board.

Program info

Faculty:  Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science

Program format(s):  Full time: 4 Year 5-Year Co-op

Degree:  Bachelor of Engineering

Grade range:   Mid 80s 1

Requirements:  Grades-Only

Experiential learning:  Co-op available

• Requirements
• Tuition and fees

Your future

Academic requirements.

Ontario Secondary School Diploma (OSSD) or equivalent with a minimum of six Grade 12 U or M courses including the following program-specific requirements.

Typically, a minimum overall average of 70% establishes eligibility for admission consideration; subject to competition individual programs may require higher prerequisite grades and/or higher overall averages:

• English/anglais (ENG4U/EAE4U preferred)
• Advanced Functions (MHF4U)
• Calculus and Vectors (MCV4U)
• Physics (SPH4U)
• Chemistry (SCH4U)
• Note:  The grades required in the subject prerequisites (normally 70%) will be determined subject to competition.

Academic admission requirements for all other applicants are available at: Admission Requirements.

Find your requirements 

• Ontario secondary school students
• Out-of-province secondary school students
• International secondary school students
• University and college transfer students
• Other applicants

Tuition and fees 2023-2024

For detailed fees information, visit tuition and fees by program.

Full-time format:

Ontario students fees range:  $10,666 - $11,267 Out-of-province students fees range:  $11,961 - $12,649 International students fees range:  $38,340 - $38,584

First-year courses

Here is a preview of first-year courses based on the available undergraduate calendar information.

1st Semester

Common to Aerospace, Biomedical, Chemical, Civil, Computer, Electrical, Industrial, Mechanical, and Mechatronics Engineering programs.

• CEN 100 Introduction to Engineering
• CEN 199 * Writing Skills
• CHY 102 General Chemistry
• MTH 140 Calculus I
• MTH 141 Linear Algebra
• PCS 211 Physics: Mechanics

LIBERAL STUDIES : One course from Table A - Lower Level Liberal Studies .

* This course is graded on a pass/fail basis.

2nd Semester

Common to Industrial, Mechanical, and Mechatronics Engineering programs.

• CPS 188 Computer Programming Fundamentals
• ECN 801 Principles of Engineering Economics
• MEC 222 Engineering Graphical Communication
• MTH 240 Calculus II
• MTL 200 Materials Science Fundamentals
• PCS 125 Physics: Waves and Fields

Combine expertise in the fundamentals of mechanical engineering with experience solving real-world problems in fields such as:

• Applied mechanical engineering
• Pharmaceutical
• Construction
• Consumer product industries
• Aeronautical engineering
• CAD product design engineering
• Marine engineering
• Mechanical design engineering
• Graduate studies (MEng, MASc, PhD) in mechanical and industrial engineering

Thinking of applying? Make sure the program is still accepting applications .

Student spotlight

Vanessa van decker named recipient of brooke owens fellowship.

A fourth-year Mechanical Engineering student was selected to be a Brooke Owens Fellow, and will get hands-on experience designing mechanisms for testing at California-based Zipline Robotics.

Read more:   Mechanical Engineering student one of three Canadians ever selected for fellowship

More ways to explore TMU

• Actual minimum grade ranges required for fall 2024 admission/wait list consideration will be determined based on grades and qualifications presented by the applicant pool as they become available. Required grade ranges may fluctuate from year to year (up or down) as a result of competition. Applicants not educated in Ontario may present the equivalent of the Ontario requirements. TMU reserves the right to determine equivalency at its sole discretion.

Disclaimer: 

While every effort is made to ensure accuracy on this site, in the event of a discrepancy, TMU's current Undergraduate Calendar is the official reference.

• Future Students
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• Mechanical Engineering
• Automation Technologies and Systems
• Materials and Solid Mechanics
• Thermofluids
• Micro and Nano Systems
• Undergraduate

Graduate Programs

• Message from Chair (Research)

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Spencer Engineering Building, Room 3002C London, ON N6A 5B9 Tel: 519-850-2939 Fax: 519-661-3020

mme research [email protected] [email protected]

Graduate Research Program

The Faculty of Engineering is aware of the recent announcement from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada related to an intake cap on international student permit applications.  We would like to ensure applicants of the Master of Engineering (MEng) programs that this does not apply to the MEng programs, and thos pursuing MESc and PhD degrees are not inclued in the cap.  You are encouraged to regularly consult the IRCC website for updates

The goal of our graduate research program is to train MESc and PhD students for independent research in today's changing technological world in either industry or academia.  

Mechanical and Materials Engineering offers research intensive, thesis-based MESc (2-yr) and PhD (4-yr) programs, providing leading edge research using state of the art experimental and computational research facilities. The department has research strengths in diverse areas addressing present day challenges, as well as developing technologies for the future. Our two or four year program will provide a motivating training environment and an opportunity in conducting independent investigation, using developed analytical skills to produce highly capable professionals.

We provide you with a video of a MESc student, who recently copmleted her degree.

Western Innovators Early Research Awards

Fueling a safe future with nuclear energy

H. Abdolvand named Tier 2 Canada Research Chair

Multidisciplinary initiative to track influenza, other viruses in wastewater

Andy Sun named Distinguished University Professor

A 4R framework for bringing sustainable e-textiles to scale

Expert insight: Shading crops with solar panels

Western reimagines the future of batteries

Innovative joint Replacement reseach at Western Engineering receives funding from Arthritis Society

Western Researchers are developing a tool to detect wrist injuries sooner to prevent arthritis

Nuclear Safety concerns rise as Russia takes control of Nuclear Power Plant

Mitigating for angle, "torque" of impact key to safer hockey helmuts

Students place 3rd at international precision engineering competition

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U of T research team hits bullseye with strategy to improve fairness in darts

(photo by Zac Goodwin/PA Images via Getty Images)

Published: April 11, 2024

By Safa Jinje

A research team from the University of Toronto is rethinking how darts can be played more fairly.

The team, led by  Timothy Chan , a professor in the department of mechanical and industrial engineering in the Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, recently took home first place in the 2024 MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference Research Papers Competition by designing a new framework to level the playing field in dart games. 

“Winning this competition, at the world’s most prominent and competitive sports analytics conference, is a testament to the excellence and ingenuity of our students here at the University of Toronto,” says Chan, who is also U of T’s associate vice-president and vice-provost, strategic initiatives.  

With millions of players around the world, including an estimated 17 million in the United States, according to the National Sporting Goods Association, the game of darts continues to grow in popularity.   

“Darts is a great sport because almost anyone can play and it doubles as a fun mental puzzle,” says  Rachael Walker , an alumna who is a co-author of the conference paper  along with PhD candidate Craig Fernandes  and Chan. 

The research, which expands on work Walker did for her undergraduate thesis, focuses on the game of 501 darts, where players begin with a score of 501 and take turns throwing darts at the dartboard. Points are deducted from their total depending on where the darts land. The first player to reach zero wins.   

“We looked at 501 darts played in recreational and professional settings,” says Fernandes. “In a recreational setting, the game is often played amongst players that have different skill sets – and when that happens, the stronger player often wins, which can lead to unexciting matches.”  

As in golf, the imbalance is often addressed by introducing a system that gives the less-skilled players an advantage so that all players have an equal chance at winning.  

“[But] our research first proved that the current approach of giving the weaker player a head start doesn’t actually give all players a fair chance at victory,” says Fernandes. “Instead, we used a Markov decision process to understand the nuances of the game and then come up with a new system that actually leads to mathematical fairness.”  

The new framework first determines a player’s skill level by having them throw several darts at the centre of the board before the start of a game. Players are then assigned a skill level based on where their darts land – players who get most of their darts in the centre are determined to be higher skilled, while those whose darts are spread out across the board are deemed less-skilled players who would benefit from an advantage.   

The new system gives the lesser-skilled player credits that they can cash in at any point in the game. The credits can be used to claim the outcome of a throw – that is, the region of the board they intend the dart to land in – without physically throwing the dart.   

The researchers found that credits create fairness by using a Markov decision process, a mathematical framework that models scenarios where the outcomes are partly in control of the decision-maker and partly random. However, the number of possible decisions and outcomes in darts made the model difficult to implement and solve at scale.    

“To accurately model a dart game that assigns an advantage to a single player, we needed to consider over half a million possible game states and hundreds of possible actions at each state,” says Walker.  

“In a traditional implementation, you optimize across all states simultaneously, which may require considering billions, or even trillions, of possible outcomes.”  

The researchers overcame the challenge of scale by starting simply and slowly adding complexity to the model. The first version did not consider the fact that darts is played in turns of three throws for each player; this helped build intuition and develop implementation tricks that later allowed them to solve the true model.   

The first-place finish at the MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference was affirming for the researchers.  

“It was a very strong competition featuring many major North American sports such as football, baseball and basketball, and a lot of research was focused on generative artificial intelligence and machine learning,” says Fernandes, who presented the research at the Sloan conference.   

“Winning with our operations research and optimization approach was exciting for us.”  

The team is now looking to implement the framework with collaborators, including local dart leagues, to see it work in practice.   

“My lab tackles complex decision-making problems in health care and sports using techniques from operations research,” says Chan.  

“The tools we develop are general, so the insights we obtain from solving a problem in darts may then be applied towards solutions in patient scheduling or medical decision-making.” 

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• New study probes macrophages’ role in developing pulmonary fibrosis

New study probes macrophages’ role in developing pulmonary fibrosis

The images above show collagen fibers (left column) and cell-surface proteins that act as markers for macrophages (middle column). The right column shows macrophages aligned with collagen fibers. Credit: University at Buffalo.

These white blood cells promote scar tissue formation, but certain drugs, such as pirfenidone, may stop this from happening

By Cory Nealon

Release Date: April 11, 2024

Ruogang Zhao

Jennifer Lang 

BUFFALO, N.Y. – Scientists have long known that white blood cells called macrophages accumulate in the lungs of people suffering from pulmonary fibrosis. What role macrophages play in developing the often fatal lung disease is less clear.

A new University at Buffalo-led study sheds light on this mystery and opens new paths to study pulmonary fibrosis, advancements that could ultimately lead to more effective medicine and therapies for the disease, which affects roughly 100,000 in the U.S.

“Our understanding of how pulmonary fibrosis develops has greatly improved; however, there is still much we do not understand, especially the involvement of immune cells in the formation of the disease,” says the study’s corresponding author Ruogang Zhao, PhD, associate professor of biomedical engineering at the University at Buffalo.

In people with pulmonary fibrosis, stiff scar tissue forms in the lungs, making it difficult to breath. This stiff scar tissue cannot be repaired, only slowed down with medicine and therapies.

The study, published March 29 in Science Advances, describes how Zhao and colleagues developed a miniature models of fibrotic lung tissues that act as a proxy for someone with pulmonary fibrosis.

In addition to macrophages, the model included the two main components of stiff scar tissue: fibroblasts and collagen fibers.

During experiments, the team observed macrophages sensing their surroundings and becoming “coaligned” with the fibroblasts and collagen fibers. This activation of the macrophages’ mechanical sensitivity allowed them to secrete additional biochemical factors that promote scar tissue growth.

The team then dosed the diseased tissue with a drug called pirfenidone, which is a Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment that slows down the worsening of pulmonary fibrosis. Pirfenidone blocks certain proteins that can significantly affect how macrophages adhere to and interact with fibroblasts and collagen fibers. As a result, the drug can stop scar tissue from forming.

“The results suggest a potential mechanism, at the tissue level and involving macrophages, of how pulmonary fibrosis originates,” says the study’s first author Ying Xu, a PhD candidate in Zhao’s lab.

The fibrotic lung tissue model, Zhao adds, is a powerful new tool that researchers can use to further study tissue- and cell-level interactions in fibrotic lungs. It could also help test new drugs that further slow down the disease or stop it, he says.

Additional authors include Linxuan Ying, PhD student in Zhao’s lab; Jennifer K. Lang, MD, associate professor in the Department of Medicine at the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at UB; and Boris Hinz, PhD, professor of dentistry at the University of Toronto.

The work was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health, the American Lung Association, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, and the Ontario Research Fund.

Media Contact Information

Cory Nealon Director of Media Relations Engineering, Computer Science Tel: 716-645-4614 [email protected]

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Photos by Rachel Berry

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This story was published April 9, 2024.

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Q&A: Engineering grad gets head start on career in research

Class of 2024.

Sydney Wickett ’24 is on the fast track to earning her master’s degree from Florida Polytechnic University. When she receives her bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering with a concentration in aerospace on Sunday, May 5, Wickett will be only one year away from returning to the commencement stage for her advanced degree. She is among the first participants in the University’s 4+1 master’s degree program, taking graduate-level courses while completing her undergraduate degree.

Why did you choose your major? 

I changed my major impulsively a month before I came here. I thought I was going to study journalism – I was so sure I was going to do it. Then application time came around and I decided to do STEM. I ultimately decided to do mechanical engineering because I’ve had an interest in aircraft since I was a kid. I love watching airplanes and loved watching shows all the time about aircraft mechanics. 

How well do you feel Florida Poly prepared you for life after graduation?

Incredibly well. I’ve learned a lot, especially considering how shy I was and how incapable I was speaking with people. The biggest thing Florida Poly has done for me is develop my communication skills, not only in regular communication settings, but in professional settings like capstone and being able to go to conferences and professional things of that nature.

What did you enjoy most about your time at Florida Poly?

My research for sure. During my first two years, I wasn’t super involved and was having a hard time getting into everything. That’s also when you’re not doing full engineering classes yet. Then I started doing research and it was night and day how into it I was. By doing research and also being a student education assistant is how I realized I wanted to be a professor, because it allowed me to keep doing research. I get to look at lots of cool things and work on fun equipment.

What was your greatest accomplishment at the University?

I’m published. I wanted to write for so long, and when I decided I was going to do mechanical engineering I felt bad for not going into writing. Then I ended up being able to be a published author of a research paper in January. It’s so great.

What’s the biggest non-curricular lesson you learned during your time at Florida Poly?

You are your own biggest critic and there is no one who is paying more attention to what you do than yourself. Nobody else goes home and thinks about what I did wrong. It’s hard to get out of that habit and realize no one is paying attention to you as much as you think they are.

What does earning your degree mean to you?

The fact that I’m getting a degree in mechanical engineering is not anything I could have predicted four years ago. I was going to be a data science or a journalism major, but I felt like I would be missing out on something. I never felt like that studying mechanical engineering. I didn’t have a STEM background, but this is a culmination of all the work I’ve been doing, which feels great.

Editor’s note: This story is part of a series of Q&As with several Florida Poly Class of 2024 graduates.

  Contact: Lydia Guzmán Director of Communications 863-874-8557

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Gain technical skills and community by getting involved in undergraduate research.

April 09, 2024

It’s Show Me Research Week, and engineering students are showing up to present work on the world’s most pressing problems. From sustainability to drug delivery systems to artificial intelligence, findings from these projects help determine next steps for our leading-edge research teams.

Kate Barnard has been involved in research since her sophomore year. A mechanical engineering student, she’s been working with civil engineering Assistant Professor Maryam Salehi on multiple research projects in order to reduce the number of microplastics in our water.

“Dr. Salehi presented to my statics class, and I was interested in the work she was doing with microplastics,” Barnard said. “I also wanted to get into undergraduate research, and this was something with real-world applications and ties to health and materials science that I was really interested in.”

Barnard presented her first project with Salehi’s lab on creating a membrane filter for microplastics at Show Me Research Week last spring. Since then, her work has taken her further into the realm of microplastics, exploring the safe disposal of plastics used in agriculture and ways to transition away from plastic use in agriculture, as well as sediment quality in Florida after Hurricane Idalia .

“Some of what I’m doing right now includes sieve analysis for a grad student in the lab,” she said. “I am using equipment to analyze the particle size distribution in sediment samples collected from the Apalachicola Bay, Florida. We are attempting to understand the effect of hurricane on redistribution of sediment particles as well as how it affects the migration of microplastic particles down the sediment column.”

Barnard’s time in the lab is just one example of how students experience the Missouri Method, hands-on research experiences that have applications in the real world.

“I loved the diversity of these projects, learning new things and understanding new things” she said. “Building relationships with grad students has been really beneficial for me, and I’ve enjoyed having the outside purpose of going to work, being a useful part of a team in that lab, and also getting practice with engineering applications that you can’t get in the classroom as easily. I’m seeing what developing new technologies really looks like.”

Barnard says that her research experience is preparing her for a corporate career. It’s improved her professional and research communication skills, time management and technical expertise. But she also says the experience is essential for students thinking about graduate school.

Joining a research lab was also how she got involved with and first connected to the Mizzou Engineering community outside of the classroom.

“When I started in the lab, I was feeling a little disconnected,” she said. “Being in a lab, with a group of people who were all working toward the same goal gave me that sense of belonging that I’d been looking for. Being able to talk to and work with the graduate students in the lab on these shared projects, discussing our shared interests, has been something I’ve really loved. I now walk around the engineering building and think, ‘these are my people, this is what I do.’”

Get involved in research that can change the world as an undergraduate. Choose Mizzou Engineering !

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