thematic literary analysis essay

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• How to write a literary analysis essay | A step-by-step guide

How to Write a Literary Analysis Essay | A Step-by-Step Guide

Published on January 30, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on August 14, 2023.

Literary analysis means closely studying a text, interpreting its meanings, and exploring why the author made certain choices. It can be applied to novels, short stories, plays, poems, or any other form of literary writing.

A literary analysis essay is not a rhetorical analysis , nor is it just a summary of the plot or a book review. Instead, it is a type of argumentative essay where you need to analyze elements such as the language, perspective, and structure of the text, and explain how the author uses literary devices to create effects and convey ideas.

Before beginning a literary analysis essay, it’s essential to carefully read the text and c ome up with a thesis statement to keep your essay focused. As you write, follow the standard structure of an academic essay :

• An introduction that tells the reader what your essay will focus on.
• A main body, divided into paragraphs , that builds an argument using evidence from the text.
• A conclusion that clearly states the main point that you have shown with your analysis.

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Table of contents

Step 1: reading the text and identifying literary devices, step 2: coming up with a thesis, step 3: writing a title and introduction, step 4: writing the body of the essay, step 5: writing a conclusion, other interesting articles.

The first step is to carefully read the text(s) and take initial notes. As you read, pay attention to the things that are most intriguing, surprising, or even confusing in the writing—these are things you can dig into in your analysis.

Your goal in literary analysis is not simply to explain the events described in the text, but to analyze the writing itself and discuss how the text works on a deeper level. Primarily, you’re looking out for literary devices —textual elements that writers use to convey meaning and create effects. If you’re comparing and contrasting multiple texts, you can also look for connections between different texts.

To get started with your analysis, there are several key areas that you can focus on. As you analyze each aspect of the text, try to think about how they all relate to each other. You can use highlights or notes to keep track of important passages and quotes.

Language choices

Consider what style of language the author uses. Are the sentences short and simple or more complex and poetic?

What word choices stand out as interesting or unusual? Are words used figuratively to mean something other than their literal definition? Figurative language includes things like metaphor (e.g. “her eyes were oceans”) and simile (e.g. “her eyes were like oceans”).

Also keep an eye out for imagery in the text—recurring images that create a certain atmosphere or symbolize something important. Remember that language is used in literary texts to say more than it means on the surface.

Narrative voice

Ask yourself:

• Who is telling the story?
• How are they telling it?

Is it a first-person narrator (“I”) who is personally involved in the story, or a third-person narrator who tells us about the characters from a distance?

Consider the narrator’s perspective . Is the narrator omniscient (where they know everything about all the characters and events), or do they only have partial knowledge? Are they an unreliable narrator who we are not supposed to take at face value? Authors often hint that their narrator might be giving us a distorted or dishonest version of events.

The tone of the text is also worth considering. Is the story intended to be comic, tragic, or something else? Are usually serious topics treated as funny, or vice versa ? Is the story realistic or fantastical (or somewhere in between)?

Consider how the text is structured, and how the structure relates to the story being told.

• Novels are often divided into chapters and parts.
• Poems are divided into lines, stanzas, and sometime cantos.
• Plays are divided into scenes and acts.

Think about why the author chose to divide the different parts of the text in the way they did.

There are also less formal structural elements to take into account. Does the story unfold in chronological order, or does it jump back and forth in time? Does it begin in medias res —in the middle of the action? Does the plot advance towards a clearly defined climax?

With poetry, consider how the rhyme and meter shape your understanding of the text and your impression of the tone. Try reading the poem aloud to get a sense of this.

In a play, you might consider how relationships between characters are built up through different scenes, and how the setting relates to the action. Watch out for  dramatic irony , where the audience knows some detail that the characters don’t, creating a double meaning in their words, thoughts, or actions.

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Your thesis in a literary analysis essay is the point you want to make about the text. It’s the core argument that gives your essay direction and prevents it from just being a collection of random observations about a text.

If you’re given a prompt for your essay, your thesis must answer or relate to the prompt. For example:

Essay question example

Is Franz Kafka’s “Before the Law” a religious parable?

Your thesis statement should be an answer to this question—not a simple yes or no, but a statement of why this is or isn’t the case:

Thesis statement example

Franz Kafka’s “Before the Law” is not a religious parable, but a story about bureaucratic alienation.

Sometimes you’ll be given freedom to choose your own topic; in this case, you’ll have to come up with an original thesis. Consider what stood out to you in the text; ask yourself questions about the elements that interested you, and consider how you might answer them.

Your thesis should be something arguable—that is, something that you think is true about the text, but which is not a simple matter of fact. It must be complex enough to develop through evidence and arguments across the course of your essay.

Say you’re analyzing the novel Frankenstein . You could start by asking yourself:

Your initial answer might be a surface-level description:

The character Frankenstein is portrayed negatively in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein .

However, this statement is too simple to be an interesting thesis. After reading the text and analyzing its narrative voice and structure, you can develop the answer into a more nuanced and arguable thesis statement:

Mary Shelley uses shifting narrative perspectives to portray Frankenstein in an increasingly negative light as the novel goes on. While he initially appears to be a naive but sympathetic idealist, after the creature’s narrative Frankenstein begins to resemble—even in his own telling—the thoughtlessly cruel figure the creature represents him as.

Remember that you can revise your thesis statement throughout the writing process , so it doesn’t need to be perfectly formulated at this stage. The aim is to keep you focused as you analyze the text.

Finding textual evidence

To support your thesis statement, your essay will build an argument using textual evidence —specific parts of the text that demonstrate your point. This evidence is quoted and analyzed throughout your essay to explain your argument to the reader.

It can be useful to comb through the text in search of relevant quotations before you start writing. You might not end up using everything you find, and you may have to return to the text for more evidence as you write, but collecting textual evidence from the beginning will help you to structure your arguments and assess whether they’re convincing.

To start your literary analysis paper, you’ll need two things: a good title, and an introduction.

Your title should clearly indicate what your analysis will focus on. It usually contains the name of the author and text(s) you’re analyzing. Keep it as concise and engaging as possible.

A common approach to the title is to use a relevant quote from the text, followed by a colon and then the rest of your title.

If you struggle to come up with a good title at first, don’t worry—this will be easier once you’ve begun writing the essay and have a better sense of your arguments.

“Fearful symmetry” : The violence of creation in William Blake’s “The Tyger”

The introduction

The essay introduction provides a quick overview of where your argument is going. It should include your thesis statement and a summary of the essay’s structure.

A typical structure for an introduction is to begin with a general statement about the text and author, using this to lead into your thesis statement. You might refer to a commonly held idea about the text and show how your thesis will contradict it, or zoom in on a particular device you intend to focus on.

Then you can end with a brief indication of what’s coming up in the main body of the essay. This is called signposting. It will be more elaborate in longer essays, but in a short five-paragraph essay structure, it shouldn’t be more than one sentence.

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is often read as a crude cautionary tale about the dangers of scientific advancement unrestrained by ethical considerations. In this reading, protagonist Victor Frankenstein is a stable representation of the callous ambition of modern science throughout the novel. This essay, however, argues that far from providing a stable image of the character, Shelley uses shifting narrative perspectives to portray Frankenstein in an increasingly negative light as the novel goes on. While he initially appears to be a naive but sympathetic idealist, after the creature’s narrative Frankenstein begins to resemble—even in his own telling—the thoughtlessly cruel figure the creature represents him as. This essay begins by exploring the positive portrayal of Frankenstein in the first volume, then moves on to the creature’s perception of him, and finally discusses the third volume’s narrative shift toward viewing Frankenstein as the creature views him.

Some students prefer to write the introduction later in the process, and it’s not a bad idea. After all, you’ll have a clearer idea of the overall shape of your arguments once you’ve begun writing them!

If you do write the introduction first, you should still return to it later to make sure it lines up with what you ended up writing, and edit as necessary.

The body of your essay is everything between the introduction and conclusion. It contains your arguments and the textual evidence that supports them.

Paragraph structure

A typical structure for a high school literary analysis essay consists of five paragraphs : the three paragraphs of the body, plus the introduction and conclusion.

Each paragraph in the main body should focus on one topic. In the five-paragraph model, try to divide your argument into three main areas of analysis, all linked to your thesis. Don’t try to include everything you can think of to say about the text—only analysis that drives your argument.

In longer essays, the same principle applies on a broader scale. For example, you might have two or three sections in your main body, each with multiple paragraphs. Within these sections, you still want to begin new paragraphs at logical moments—a turn in the argument or the introduction of a new idea.

Robert’s first encounter with Gil-Martin suggests something of his sinister power. Robert feels “a sort of invisible power that drew me towards him.” He identifies the moment of their meeting as “the beginning of a series of adventures which has puzzled myself, and will puzzle the world when I am no more in it” (p. 89). Gil-Martin’s “invisible power” seems to be at work even at this distance from the moment described; before continuing the story, Robert feels compelled to anticipate at length what readers will make of his narrative after his approaching death. With this interjection, Hogg emphasizes the fatal influence Gil-Martin exercises from his first appearance.

Topic sentences

To keep your points focused, it’s important to use a topic sentence at the beginning of each paragraph.

A good topic sentence allows a reader to see at a glance what the paragraph is about. It can introduce a new line of argument and connect or contrast it with the previous paragraph. Transition words like “however” or “moreover” are useful for creating smooth transitions:

… The story’s focus, therefore, is not upon the divine revelation that may be waiting beyond the door, but upon the mundane process of aging undergone by the man as he waits.

Nevertheless, the “radiance” that appears to stream from the door is typically treated as religious symbolism.

This topic sentence signals that the paragraph will address the question of religious symbolism, while the linking word “nevertheless” points out a contrast with the previous paragraph’s conclusion.

Using textual evidence

A key part of literary analysis is backing up your arguments with relevant evidence from the text. This involves introducing quotes from the text and explaining their significance to your point.

It’s important to contextualize quotes and explain why you’re using them; they should be properly introduced and analyzed, not treated as self-explanatory:

It isn’t always necessary to use a quote. Quoting is useful when you’re discussing the author’s language, but sometimes you’ll have to refer to plot points or structural elements that can’t be captured in a short quote.

In these cases, it’s more appropriate to paraphrase or summarize parts of the text—that is, to describe the relevant part in your own words:

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The conclusion of your analysis shouldn’t introduce any new quotations or arguments. Instead, it’s about wrapping up the essay. Here, you summarize your key points and try to emphasize their significance to the reader.

A good way to approach this is to briefly summarize your key arguments, and then stress the conclusion they’ve led you to, highlighting the new perspective your thesis provides on the text as a whole:

If you want to know more about AI tools , college essays , or fallacies make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

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By tracing the depiction of Frankenstein through the novel’s three volumes, I have demonstrated how the narrative structure shifts our perception of the character. While the Frankenstein of the first volume is depicted as having innocent intentions, the second and third volumes—first in the creature’s accusatory voice, and then in his own voice—increasingly undermine him, causing him to appear alternately ridiculous and vindictive. Far from the one-dimensional villain he is often taken to be, the character of Frankenstein is compelling because of the dynamic narrative frame in which he is placed. In this frame, Frankenstein’s narrative self-presentation responds to the images of him we see from others’ perspectives. This conclusion sheds new light on the novel, foregrounding Shelley’s unique layering of narrative perspectives and its importance for the depiction of character.

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How to Write a Thematic Essay

Every piece of writing ever written has its agenda. Whether it’s to teach a lesson or show the impact of a particular emotion or action, a central theme can be developed. The goal for us as readers is to uncover what the author was trying to tell us between the lines in their literature. When we do finally discover it, we’ve accomplished the first step of thematic essay writing! Let’s see below how to write a thematic essay with our papers writing service .

What Is a Thematic Essay?

Let’s look at the thematic essay definition; a thematic essay is a piece of writing in which an author develops the central theme in some literature using literary devices like foreshadowing, imagery, personification, etc.

A professional essay writer will uncover the primary subject, elaborate upon the literary devices employed, and express the overall significance of the theme. The primary challenge comes from the fact that although there are various subjects, finding the most meaningful and impactful one can be challenging.

Naturally, each person has their own varied interpretation, making it hard to agree on a central theme wholesomely. In short, a well written thematic essay comes from a healthy central idea that is conclusively proven via literary devices and logical arguments.

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How to Pick a Thematic Topic?

A crucial aspect of writing a good thematic essay is choosing a theme. Follow the hints listed below to help you create a thematic topic:

Brainstorm from your own experiences. Recall what you were talking about in class, with your mates or parents. Do some of these conversations remind you of some book, novel or another piece of literature?

Write down every idea that comes to mind. Sometimes, your most absurd ideas are the best way to go.

List your favourite literature pieces. Which literature piece was the most touching for you? Try to analyze its subject and problems the author built upon within the story; it might help you come up with your own ideas.

Look at the details of other literature pieces: You might find some interesting details within other literature that can help you come up with your theme.

Still have no idea what to write about? No worries, we have your back.

Thematic Essay Topics

• What is George Orwell’s deliberation in portraying a “Perfect Utopia” in his book 1984?
• What main idea is George Orwell painting about Communism in the book Animal Farm?
• What is Harper Lee saying about innocence in her novel To Kill A Mockingbird?
• What is John Steinbeck saying about loneliness and isolation in Of Mice and Men?
• What is F. Scott Fitzgerald saying about the American Dream in The Great Gatsby?

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How to Find and Explore the Central Theme

As stated before, uncovering the main subject and central theme respectively is the first significant step in a thematic paper. However, with so many things going on within the literature, it may be difficult to interpret the central theme accurately. To make sure you choose it correctly, follow these steps:

1. Summarize the literature: What main idea is the author trying to purvey? Usually, there will be many hints along the way, so choosing the right direction may not be so challenging.

2. Pick the most prevalent subject: One thing to note is the significant difference between a subject and a theme. A subject is the general topic of conversation—whether it be love, bravery, deception, etc. A theme is a specific point the author is making about said subject. So, find the talking point that is most commonly being brought up. This will be the focal point of the essay.

3. Read between the lines: After finding the most suitable subject, decipher what main point the author is trying to make. This will become clearer as you get deeper into the literature since clues and examples will appear frequently. After fully deciphering the central theme, there is one more significant step.

4. Overall significance: What is the overall significance that comes from the author’s point? What can be taken from this and applied to our personal lives? In other words, what is the lesson from all of this? What have we learned?

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Thematic Essay Outline

The thematic essay has several key components. First of all, it should be five paragraphs or more, depending on the depth of the theme. Next, it should have a concrete thesis statement, which, in other words, is the thematic statement that comes from the main subject. The introduction presents the reader with the subject and the thesis statement. The body paragraphs each discuss one literary element or more to defend the validity of your thesis, all the while providing many supporting details from the text itself. Lastly, the thematic essay conclusion summarizes the main points presented and finishes off with a statement of significance.

Follow the link to learn more about HOW TO CREATE A WINNING OUTLINE

The thematic essay introduction presents the main subject of discussion in a captivating way. The first sentence of the intro should be a hook statement that makes some intriguing claim about the subject of discussion. If done correctly, this will grab your reader's attention. Afterwards, provide any necessary background information from the literature that will help the audience understand your claims later on. Lastly, put together a well thought out thesis statement that reflects the central theme of the novel.

The body paragraphs follow a thematic essay format. Since each body paragraph’s purpose should be to present a literary device as evidence, the topic sentence should introduce the claim and gateway into the evidence. Every topic sentence must mention a literary device and its relationship to the literature.

Afterwards, to validate your claim, use examples from the book that strengthen the reasoning of your statement. These can be actions from the plot or quotations that are parallel with the central theme. It’s imperative to explain how the action/quote links back to your thesis statement, as it shows that you can support your logic.

Remember: each claim must use a literary device. It can not just be a random moment or inference. Thematic essays are all about proving thesis statements through the use of critical literary devices.

The thematic essay conclusion has three main objectives to complete before wrapping up the entire paper. It should not present any new information or facts, but should summarize the information already given. First of all, restate your thesis statement in a new way. Then, summarize the central claims you made within the body of your paper and their influence on the thesis statement. To finish off the entire work, present an overall concluding statement with a global analysis of the subject. Leave your reader with another hook, making him/her interested in digging deeper into the topic.

Try also read an article on poetry analysis essay , it could be useful and can give you new insights.

Thematic Essay Example

The best way to familiarise yourself with this type of writing is to learn from an example. ‍

Even though the ancient Greek cities of Athens and Sparta were geographically close to each other, they had very distinct cultures, lifestyles, values, and political systems that defined them. The following paper compares and contrasts the cultural impacts of the two cities by examining some of the duties and responsibilities of the citizenry as well as the different values that were deemed important. The paper further evaluates the impact of accomplishments that would have been left by both city-states on the history of western civilization.

Wrap Things Up

Before submitting your thematic essay, make sure to check a couple of things to correct any possible errors.

• Double-check and confirm that the central theme you have decided is the one that the author likely meant to focus on. Unless you can provide a secondary issue and present it strongly enough as a primary, validate the primary subject.
• Go through and proofread your entire paper. Nothing makes reading more irritating than grammatical mistakes, clean that stuff up as much as possible.
• Get a second pair of eyes to read through your paper. It’s best to ask a classmate for help, as they most likely have or had a similar assignment. Another great way to polish things up is to ask one of our writers to give you some helpful advice.

We also recommend reading about Jem Finch character traits , our readers find it very interesting.

Having a Trouble with Your Thematic Essay?

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12.14: Sample Student Literary Analysis Essays

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• Heather Ringo & Athena Kashyap
• City College of San Francisco via ASCCC Open Educational Resources Initiative

The following examples are essays where student writers focused on close-reading a literary work.

While reading these examples, ask yourself the following questions:

• What is the essay's thesis statement, and how do you know it is the thesis statement?
• What is the main idea or topic sentence of each body paragraph, and how does it relate back to the thesis statement?
• Where and how does each essay use evidence (quotes or paraphrase from the literature)?
• What are some of the literary devices or structures the essays analyze or discuss?
• How does each author structure their conclusion, and how does their conclusion differ from their introduction?

Example 1: Poetry

Victoria Morillo

Instructor Heather Ringo

3 August 2022

How Nguyen’s Structure Solidifies the Impact of Sexual Violence in “The Study”

Stripped of innocence, your body taken from you. No matter how much you try to block out the instance in which these two things occurred, memories surface and come back to haunt you. How does a person, a young boy , cope with an event that forever changes his life? Hieu Minh Nguyen deconstructs this very way in which an act of sexual violence affects a survivor. In his poem, “The Study,” the poem's speaker recounts the year in which his molestation took place, describing how his memory filters in and out. Throughout the poem, Nguyen writes in free verse, permitting a structural liberation to become the foundation for his message to shine through. While he moves the readers with this poignant narrative, Nguyen effectively conveys the resulting internal struggles of feeling alone and unseen.

The speaker recalls his experience with such painful memory through the use of specific punctuation choices. Just by looking at the poem, we see that the first period doesn’t appear until line 14. It finally comes after the speaker reveals to his readers the possible, central purpose for writing this poem: the speaker's molestation. In the first half, the poem makes use of commas, em dashes, and colons, which lends itself to the idea of the speaker stringing along all of these details to make sense of this time in his life. If reading the poem following the conventions of punctuation, a sense of urgency is present here, as well. This is exemplified by the lack of periods to finalize a thought; and instead, Nguyen uses other punctuation marks to connect them. Serving as another connector of thoughts, the two em dashes give emphasis to the role memory plays when the speaker discusses how “no one [had] a face” during that time (Nguyen 9-11). He speaks in this urgent manner until the 14th line, and when he finally gets it off his chest, the pace of the poem changes, as does the more frequent use of the period. This stream-of-consciousness-like section when juxtaposed with the latter half of the poem, causes readers to slow down and pay attention to the details. It also splits the poem in two: a section that talks of the fogginess of memory then transitions into one that remembers it all.

In tandem with the fluctuating nature of memory, the utilization of line breaks and word choice help reflect the damage the molestation has had. Within the first couple of lines of the poem, the poem demands the readers’ attention when the line breaks from “floating” to “dead” as the speaker describes his memory of Little Billy (Nguyen 1-4). This line break averts the readers’ expectation of the direction of the narrative and immediately shifts the tone of the poem. The break also speaks to the effect his trauma has ingrained in him and how “[f]or the longest time,” his only memory of that year revolves around an image of a boy’s death. In a way, the speaker sees himself in Little Billy; or perhaps, he’s representative of the tragic death of his boyhood, how the speaker felt so “dead” after enduring such a traumatic experience, even referring to himself as a “ghost” that he tries to evict from his conscience (Nguyen 24). The feeling that a part of him has died is solidified at the very end of the poem when the speaker describes himself as a nine-year-old boy who’s been “fossilized,” forever changed by this act (Nguyen 29). By choosing words associated with permanence and death, the speaker tries to recreate the atmosphere (for which he felt trapped in) in order for readers to understand the loneliness that came as a result of his trauma. With the assistance of line breaks, more attention is drawn to the speaker's words, intensifying their importance, and demanding to be felt by the readers.

Most importantly, the speaker expresses eloquently, and so heartbreakingly, about the effect sexual violence has on a person. Perhaps what seems to be the most frustrating are the people who fail to believe survivors of these types of crimes. This is evident when he describes “how angry” the tenants were when they filled the pool with cement (Nguyen 4). They seem to represent how people in the speaker's life were dismissive of his assault and who viewed his tragedy as a nuisance of some sorts. This sentiment is bookended when he says, “They say, give us details , so I give them my body. / They say, give us proof , so I give them my body,” (Nguyen 25-26). The repetition of these two lines reinforces the feeling many feel in these scenarios, as they’re often left to deal with trying to make people believe them, or to even see them.

It’s important to recognize how the structure of this poem gives the speaker space to express the pain he’s had to carry for so long. As a characteristic of free verse, the poem doesn’t follow any structured rhyme scheme or meter; which in turn, allows him to not have any constraints in telling his story the way he wants to. The speaker has the freedom to display his experience in a way that evades predictability and engenders authenticity of a story very personal to him. As readers, we abandon anticipating the next rhyme, and instead focus our attention to the other ways, like his punctuation or word choice, in which he effectively tells his story. The speaker recognizes that some part of him no longer belongs to himself, but by writing “The Study,” he shows other survivors that they’re not alone and encourages hope that eventually, they will be freed from the shackles of sexual violence.

Works Cited

Nguyen, Hieu Minh. “The Study” Poets.Org. Academy of American Poets, Coffee House Press, 2018, https://poets.org/poem/study-0 .

Example 2: Fiction

Todd Goodwin

Professor Stan Matyshak

Advanced Expository Writing

Sept. 17, 20—

Poe’s “Usher”: A Mirror of the Fall of the House of Humanity

Right from the outset of the grim story, “The Fall of the House of Usher,” Edgar Allan Poe enmeshes us in a dark, gloomy, hopeless world, alienating his characters and the reader from any sort of physical or psychological norm where such values as hope and happiness could possibly exist. He fatalistically tells the story of how a man (the narrator) comes from the outside world of hope, religion, and everyday society and tries to bring some kind of redeeming happiness to his boyhood friend, Roderick Usher, who not only has physically and psychologically wasted away but is entrapped in a dilapidated house of ever-looming terror with an emaciated and deranged twin sister. Roderick Usher embodies the wasting away of what once was vibrant and alive, and his house of “insufferable gloom” (273), which contains his morbid sister, seems to mirror or reflect this fear of death and annihilation that he most horribly endures. A close reading of the story reveals that Poe uses mirror images, or reflections, to contribute to the fatalistic theme of “Usher”: each reflection serves to intensify an already prevalent tone of hopelessness, darkness, and fatalism.

It could be argued that the house of Roderick Usher is a “house of mirrors,” whose unpleasant and grim reflections create a dark and hopeless setting. For example, the narrator first approaches “the melancholy house of Usher on a dark and soundless day,” and finds a building which causes him a “sense of insufferable gloom,” which “pervades his spirit and causes an iciness, a sinking, a sickening of the heart, an undiscerned dreariness of thought” (273). The narrator then optimistically states: “I reflected that a mere different arrangement of the scene, of the details of the picture, would be sufficient to modify, or perhaps annihilate its capacity for sorrowful impression” (274). But the narrator then sees the reflection of the house in the tarn and experiences a “shudder even more thrilling than before” (274). Thus the reader begins to realize that the narrator cannot change or stop the impending doom that will befall the house of Usher, and maybe humanity. The story cleverly plays with the word reflection : the narrator sees a physical reflection that leads him to a mental reflection about Usher’s surroundings.

The narrator’s disillusionment by such grim reflection continues in the story. For example, he describes Roderick Usher’s face as distinct with signs of old strength but lost vigor: the remains of what used to be. He describes the house as a once happy and vibrant place, which, like Roderick, lost its vitality. Also, the narrator describes Usher’s hair as growing wild on his rather obtrusive head, which directly mirrors the eerie moss and straw covering the outside of the house. The narrator continually longs to see these bleak reflections as a dream, for he states: “Shaking off from my spirit what must have been a dream, I scanned more narrowly the real aspect of the building” (276). He does not want to face the reality that Usher and his home are doomed to fall, regardless of what he does.

Although there are almost countless examples of these mirror images, two others stand out as important. First, Roderick and his sister, Madeline, are twins. The narrator aptly states just as he and Roderick are entombing Madeline that there is “a striking similitude between brother and sister” (288). Indeed, they are mirror images of each other. Madeline is fading away psychologically and physically, and Roderick is not too far behind! The reflection of “doom” that these two share helps intensify and symbolize the hopelessness of the entire situation; thus, they further develop the fatalistic theme. Second, in the climactic scene where Madeline has been mistakenly entombed alive, there is a pairing of images and sounds as the narrator tries to calm Roderick by reading him a romance story. Events in the story simultaneously unfold with events of the sister escaping her tomb. In the story, the hero breaks out of the coffin. Then, in the story, the dragon’s shriek as he is slain parallels Madeline’s shriek. Finally, the story tells of the clangor of a shield, matched by the sister’s clanging along a metal passageway. As the suspense reaches its climax, Roderick shrieks his last words to his “friend,” the narrator: “Madman! I tell you that she now stands without the door” (296).

Roderick, who slowly falls into insanity, ironically calls the narrator the “Madman.” We are left to reflect on what Poe means by this ironic twist. Poe’s bleak and dark imagery, and his use of mirror reflections, seem only to intensify the hopelessness of “Usher.” We can plausibly conclude that, indeed, the narrator is the “Madman,” for he comes from everyday society, which is a place where hope and faith exist. Poe would probably argue that such a place is opposite to the world of Usher because a world where death is inevitable could not possibly hold such positive values. Therefore, just as Roderick mirrors his sister, the reflection in the tarn mirrors the dilapidation of the house, and the story mirrors the final actions before the death of Usher. “The Fall of the House of Usher” reflects Poe’s view that humanity is hopelessly doomed.

Poe, Edgar Allan. “The Fall of the House of Usher.” 1839. Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library . 1995. Web. 1 July 2012. < http://etext.virginia.edu/toc/modeng/public/PoeFall.html >.

Example 3: Poetry

Amy Chisnell

Professor Laura Neary

Writing and Literature

April 17, 20—

Don’t Listen to the Egg!: A Close Reading of Lewis Carroll’s “Jabberwocky”

“You seem very clever at explaining words, Sir,” said Alice. “Would you kindly tell me the meaning of the poem called ‘Jabberwocky’?”

“Let’s hear it,” said Humpty Dumpty. “I can explain all the poems that ever were invented—and a good many that haven’t been invented just yet.” (Carroll 164)

In Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking-Glass , Humpty Dumpty confidently translates (to a not so confident Alice) the complicated language of the poem “Jabberwocky.” The words of the poem, though nonsense, aptly tell the story of the slaying of the Jabberwock. Upon finding “Jabberwocky” on a table in the looking-glass room, Alice is confused by the strange words. She is quite certain that “ somebody killed something ,” but she does not understand much more than that. When later she encounters Humpty Dumpty, she seizes the opportunity at having the knowledgeable egg interpret—or translate—the poem. Since Humpty Dumpty professes to be able to “make a word work” for him, he is quick to agree. Thus he acts like a New Critic who interprets the poem by performing a close reading of it. Through Humpty’s interpretation of the first stanza, however, we see the poem’s deeper comment concerning the practice of interpreting poetry and literature in general—that strict analytical translation destroys the beauty of a poem. In fact, Humpty Dumpty commits the “heresy of paraphrase,” for he fails to understand that meaning cannot be separated from the form or structure of the literary work.

Of the 71 words found in “Jabberwocky,” 43 have no known meaning. They are simply nonsense. Yet through this nonsensical language, the poem manages not only to tell a story but also gives the reader a sense of setting and characterization. One feels, rather than concretely knows, that the setting is dark, wooded, and frightening. The characters, such as the Jubjub bird, the Bandersnatch, and the doomed Jabberwock, also appear in the reader’s head, even though they will not be found in the local zoo. Even though most of the words are not real, the reader is able to understand what goes on because he or she is given free license to imagine what the words denote and connote. Simply, the poem’s nonsense words are the meaning.

Therefore, when Humpty interprets “Jabberwocky” for Alice, he is not doing her any favors, for he actually misreads the poem. Although the poem in its original is constructed from nonsense words, by the time Humpty is done interpreting it, it truly does not make any sense. The first stanza of the original poem is as follows:

’Twas brillig, and the slithy toves

Did gyre and gimble in the wabe;

All mimsy were the borogroves,

An the mome raths outgrabe. (Carroll 164)

If we replace, however, the nonsense words of “Jabberwocky” with Humpty’s translated words, the effect would be something like this:

’Twas four o’clock in the afternoon, and the lithe and slimy badger-lizard-corkscrew creatures

Did go round and round and make holes in the grass-plot round the sun-dial:

All flimsy and miserable were the shabby-looking birds

with mop feathers,

And the lost green pigs bellowed-sneezed-whistled.

By translating the poem in such a way, Humpty removes the charm or essence—and the beauty, grace, and rhythm—from the poem. The poetry is sacrificed for meaning. Humpty Dumpty commits the heresy of paraphrase. As Cleanth Brooks argues, “The structure of a poem resembles that of a ballet or musical composition. It is a pattern of resolutions and balances and harmonizations” (203). When the poem is left as nonsense, the reader can easily imagine what a “slithy tove” might be, but when Humpty tells us what it is, he takes that imaginative license away from the reader. The beauty (if that is the proper word) of “Jabberwocky” is in not knowing what the words mean, and yet understanding. By translating the poem, Humpty takes that privilege from the reader. In addition, Humpty fails to recognize that meaning cannot be separated from the structure itself: the nonsense poem reflects this literally—it means “nothing” and achieves this meaning by using “nonsense” words.

Furthermore, the nonsense words Carroll chooses to use in “Jabberwocky” have a magical effect upon the reader; the shadowy sound of the words create the atmosphere, which may be described as a trance-like mood. When Alice first reads the poem, she says it seems to fill her head “with ideas.” The strange-sounding words in the original poem do give one ideas. Why is this? Even though the reader has never heard these words before, he or she is instantly aware of the murky, mysterious mood they set. In other words, diction operates not on the denotative level (the dictionary meaning) but on the connotative level (the emotion(s) they evoke). Thus “Jabberwocky” creates a shadowy mood, and the nonsense words are instrumental in creating this mood. Carroll could not have simply used any nonsense words.

For example, let us change the “dark,” “ominous” words of the first stanza to “lighter,” more “comic” words:

’Twas mearly, and the churly pells

Did bimble and ringle in the tink;

All timpy were the brimbledimps,

And the bip plips outlink.

Shifting the sounds of the words from dark to light merely takes a shift in thought. To create a specific mood using nonsense words, one must create new words from old words that convey the desired mood. In “Jabberwocky,” Carroll mixes “slimy,” a grim idea, “lithe,” a pliable image, to get a new adjective: “slithy” (a portmanteau word). In this translation, brighter words were used to get a lighter effect. “Mearly” is a combination of “morning” and “early,” and “ringle” is a blend of “ring” and "dingle.” The point is that “Jabberwocky’s” nonsense words are created specifically to convey this shadowy or mysterious mood and are integral to the “meaning.”

Consequently, Humpty’s rendering of the poem leaves the reader with a completely different feeling than does the original poem, which provided us with a sense of ethereal mystery, of a dark and foreign land with exotic creatures and fantastic settings. The mysteriousness is destroyed by Humpty’s literal paraphrase of the creatures and the setting; by doing so, he has taken the beauty away from the poem in his attempt to understand it. He has committed the heresy of paraphrase: “If we allow ourselves to be misled by it [this heresy], we distort the relation of the poem to its ‘truth’… we split the poem between its ‘form’ and its ‘content’” (Brooks 201). Humpty Dumpty’s ultimate demise might be seen to symbolize the heretical split between form and content: as a literary creation, Humpty Dumpty is an egg, a well-wrought urn of nonsense. His fall from the wall cracks him and separates the contents from the container, and not even all the King’s men can put the scrambled egg back together again!

Through the odd characters of a little girl and a foolish egg, “Jabberwocky” suggests a bit of sage advice about reading poetry, advice that the New Critics built their theories on. The importance lies not solely within strict analytical translation or interpretation, but in the overall effect of the imagery and word choice that evokes a meaning inseparable from those literary devices. As Archibald MacLeish so aptly writes: “A poem should not mean / But be.” Sometimes it takes a little nonsense to show us the sense in something.

Brooks, Cleanth. The Well-Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry . 1942. San Diego: Harcourt Brace, 1956. Print.

Carroll, Lewis. Through the Looking-Glass. Alice in Wonderland . 2nd ed. Ed. Donald J. Gray. New York: Norton, 1992. Print.

MacLeish, Archibald. “Ars Poetica.” The Oxford Book of American Poetry . Ed. David Lehman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2006. 385–86. Print.

Attribution

• Sample Essay 1 received permission from Victoria Morillo to publish, licensed Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International ( CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 )
• Sample Essays 2 and 3 adapted from Cordell, Ryan and John Pennington. "2.5: Student Sample Papers" from Creating Literary Analysis. 2012. Licensed Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported ( CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 )

A Writer's Handbook

• Introduction
• Purpose & Audience
• Opening Sentences
• Linking Sentences
• Finished Introduction
• Topic Sentences
• Development
• Conclusion Sentences
• Conclusion Paragraphs for Essays
• Essay Writing Organization: The Outline
• Annotating Readings
• General Writing Idea Development
• Rhetorical and Visual Analysis Idea Development
• Character Analysis Idea Development
• Theme Analysis Idea Development

Literary Theme Analysis

Exercise 10, overall tips for literary analysis essays.

• Theory Analysis
• Using the Library
• Using Sources for Illustration or Support
• Using Research for Essays
• Writing About Research
• MLA Handbook Summary for Citations
• Final Thoughts on Essays
• Literary Element Index
• Appendix of Example Papers

A literary theme analysis will synthesize several elements within a work and prove an overall message with those elements.

• Characters:  What kind of people does the story deal with?
• Plot:  What do the characters do?  Are they in control of their lives, or are they controlled by fate?
• Motivation:  Why do the characters behave as they do, and what motives dominate them?
• Style:  How does the author perceive reality?
• Tone:  What is the author's attitude towards his subject?
• Values:  What are the values of the characters in the story?  What values does the author seem to promote?
• The importance of theme in literature can be overestimated; the work of fiction is more than just the theme.  However, the theme allows the author to control or give order to his perceptions about life.
• Think of the possible messages within the story – why was this story told (EX. Harry Potter series has a classic “good vs. evil” theme or even a finding out about one’s true self theme.  Maybe I would look at the symbolic fight between good and evil or at a coming of age story…Harry Potter series also has a look at family relations where blood family is not necessarily a person’s true family…)
• Choose a theme/issue that will be supported with enough examples from text (EX.  Coming of age, Familial vs. adopted relations and how friends and mentors can become family)
• State what you want to present about the theme in the story in the body of the paper

EX:  A true coming of age is seen in the characters Harry, Ron, and Hermione in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series.  **Note:  This would be the X, Y, Z thesis

EX: Characters in Harry Potter’s life illustrate the notion that a father figure does not necessarily have to be one’s biological father.  **Note:  This thesis is put into a general thesis format, not X,Y, Z

Find evidence within the work to illustrate your points

Find secondary sources as needed that help you prove your points

Exercise 10:  Brainstorm some possible theme analysis ideas with Harry Potter; start with the following – what could you do with these:

• Notion of competition in children
• Comment on bullying
• Comment on children having to grow up too quickly
• Class difference
• Good versus Evil
• Jealousy among siblings
• Exercise 10: Brainstorming for Theme Analysis
• Be careful not to summarize the story – this is not an analysis
• Find connections and be original in your synthesis
• When using secondary sources, proof of your exact idea may not be readily available – what you will do is use support of individual elements to then address your main thesis idea
• Never use just the author’s first name – use the last name only or both names when discussing the author
• Always use present tense when talking about literature unless something directly happened “in the past” in the literary piece
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A thematic essay is a type of writing assignment that focuses on a specific theme or topic. It requires you to identify a central theme, discuss it in detail, and make connections between various facts. Your main goal is to demonstrate understanding and interpretation of the given subject matter. This type of essay is commonly used in literature classes or history exams.

If you’ve got an assignment to write a theme essay, you might wonder where you should even start from. No worries, we’ve got you covered here! The first thing you must know about this specific type of paper is that it aims to analyze a certain well-known theme and make an interesting statement about it. Here, you must explain meaning and relevance or complexity of your topic. You should summarize details that support your conclusion. In this article, we will conduct a detailed review of theme essay concept. We will also provide you a step by step guide on how to write a proper one. Let's dive right into it!  

Thematic Essay Definition

Let’s start with defining what is a thematic essay and its purpose. In this type, one should select a thesis and form unique statement related to its aspects. You should write about it, explaining or elaborating to your audience the following:

• How is your statement related to your topic?
• Which important or interesting aspects does it highlight?
• What approaches and literary devices are you using for analysis ? How do you explain your general theme? This can be comparison, metaphor, personification etc.

When composing such an essay, you must formulate and defend your statement. Here, you will demonstrate abilities of analysis and literary devices usage. At least several paragraphs would be needed to display such skills properly.

Thematic Essay Outline: What's Inside

The best way to begin is creating a theme essay outline for your topic. An outline should contain all key parts, concepts and ideas of your paper. You should put it in a sketchy but logical manner. This way you'll quickly prepare a shortened version of your assignment. It will also help you in reviewing it. Adding missing points and correcting significant mistakes would be easier at this early stage. Outline should include all main essay parts:  

• Introduction
• Thesis statement
• Body section
• Conclusion.

Keeping it brief, you should not provide complete sentences to describe your statements, ideas and arguments. A few words would suffice for each important point. Purpose is to make it readable for yourself! You should review it quickly and spot any inconsistencies.

How to Write a Thematic Essay Step-By-Step

Now it is time to focus on how to write a theme analysis essay – the complete text from scratch. Is your goal to impress readers and achieve a good grade? Then it is important that you create a proper essay structure template and don't lose any of your key questions! Stay methodical and keep it logical! Make sure your audience is engaged and don’t disappoint them in the end. Below we’ll provide a general idea for each step of this process.

Step 1. Define the Topic for Your Thematic Essay

When it comes to choosing among thematic essay topics, it is important that you pick an interesting and maybe even a controversial one. At the same time, make sure you can actually provide some meaningful input about it. Your assignment should impress readers with detailed analysis and its author’s writing skills. That's why your chosen topic must provide enough material for that.  There is a diverse choice of topics. Choose the one you are really interested in whether it is  Bullying essay  or  Happiness essay . If you need some ideas for great essay topics, feel free to check out our other articles.  

Step 2. Create a Thematic Essay Outline

We've already covered the main points of theme essay outline concept. When writing it, include all the main parts of your future work. Keep it as short as possible, one paragraph per each key point will be enough. It isn’t even necessary to describe everything with complete sentences! A few words would suffice. Once done, review it first and make necessary corrections. It is advised to review an outline several times. That's how any noticeable gaps or mistakes would be spotted early.

Step 3. Start a Thematic Essay with a Hook

A good thematic essay introduction ought to captivate readers right from the start. That’s why it is always advised to add some ‘hook’ into it. You can begin with an unexpected statement, use wordplay or a plot twist. Then you can explain this in the main body part. This way your audience would be interested to hear those explanations. As a result, your paper will have better chances of success. Apart from that, introduction should contain the main statement and some information about its content.  

Step 4. Write Body Paragraphs for Your Theme Essay

Goal of thematic essay body is to answer all the questions stated in an introduction. You must elaborate the meaning of each key idea. Finally, display your usage of literary devices, as we’ve specified earlier. Common practice is to use at least one paragraph per a literary device disclosure. Besides, the main body is the right place to use all relevant sources that can support your analysis or provide you with helpful analogies. Keep the main body logical, so that every paragraph is somehow connected to the previous and the next ones.  

Step 5. Create a Thematic Essay Conclusion

A strong thematic essay conclusion should highlight all important points from tyourhe essay while avoiding adding new facts or evidence. Just restate your thesis, answer all questions and summarize your arguments. It might be also useful to leave some final note for readers with some deeper analysis of your topic. You can also highlight the need for further exploration of the chosen theme and thus to prepare readers for your future works on this topic.  

Step 6. Proofread Your Thematic Analysis Essay

After completing theme essay, it is highly recommended to review it thoroughly, even several times if possible. The goal is to find mistakes and to spot logical gaps or missing details. Even best essays typically have inconsistencies left at the early stage. Taking a fresh look at your text often reveals some issues. If possible, ask your friends or colleagues to review your text. They might notice something you could not.  

How to Format a Thematic Essay

When it comes to thematic essay format, you need to find out what are the requirements in your assignment or which format is common in the institution you will be presenting your essay for. In case no special requirements were made for you, just choose one of the most popular formats for scholarly papers:  

• APA paper format : typically used in natural sciences, education and psychology fields
• MLA: typically used for works in humanities
• Chicago: typically used in business, history, and fine arts fields.

Thematic Essay Example

Let’s illustrate the explanations above with a few theme essay examples. We’ll provide some real ones here so that your every question would be answered. Hopefully you’ll find some inspiration in these examples for your own winning paper! The examples can be found below. Please scroll down to find them.  

Thematic Essay: Final Thoughts

In this article we have explored the theme essay concept in detail. Its central purpose and main definition were examined and a step by step guide for writing a strong one was suggested. We’ve also provided a few working examples for your convenience. Hopefully, all this information will be useful for your scholarly endeavors!

Feel free to check out our  paper writing services ! We’ve got a team of skilled writers with expertise in different literary areas, ready to help you. They deliver high quality content, always on time.  

Frequently Asked Questions About Theme Essay

1. what is the thematic statement.

A thematic statement typically takes the place of a thesis in a thematic essay. It consists of 1-2 complete sentences that express a theme which you have chosen for your work. This statement must convey the main message and also show what analysis will be done. It should be brief however as most of the details are to be provided in the main body.

2. What is the goal of thematic essay?

The thematic essay goal is to express an idea or some insights about the surrounding world and to change readers' minds about certain issues. As an author, you are expected to illustrate the team, provide all necessary explanations and conduct an analysis if needed. Besides, you typically should demonstrate familiarity with some literary interpretations and methods which are used to examine your theme.

3. How long should a theme essay be?

The minimum length of a theme essay is five paragraphs. One is for introduction, one for conclusion and remaining three for the main body. Of course, it can be more than that, depending on the depth of the theme that was chosen. The main rule is to keep your essay logical and concise, avoiding adding too many details. Otherwise your audience might get tired and the effect produced by your writing would be damaged.

4. What is a thematic essay history?

Thematic essay (history class) should be written to analyze some historical facts or significance of specific literary pieces. A typical case is examining different aspects of a controversial leader from the past or a political event that has produced a number of various important consequences. Or you might argue about a specific role of a certain book during a certain period or its influence on different nations or cultural groups.

Daniel Howard is an Essay Writing guru. He helps students create essays that will strike a chord with the readers.

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PY2106: Human Development Across the Lifespan Guide: Writing a Thematic Analysis

• Subject Basics
• Finding Resources
• Writing a Thematic Analysis
• Formatting & Referencing
• Psychology Guide
• Literature review guide This link opens in a new window

What is a thematic analysis?

A thematic analysis is used in qualitative research to focus on examining themes within a topic by identifying, analysing and reporting patterns (themes) within the research topic. It is similar to a literature review, which is a critical survey and assessment of the existing research on your particular topic.

The following links provide more information about the thematic analysis process.

• About Thematic Analysis
• Using thematic analysis in psychology

Thematic Analysis Process

Writing a literature review

You may also find these resources on writing literature reviews useful to help you write your analysis.

• Writing a Literature Review
• Literature Reviews - Synthesise

Writing a literature review (part 1)

Literature review books

Doing a literature review in health and social care: A practical guide

The Literature Review

The Literature Review is a concise step-by-step guide to conducting a literature search and writing up the literature review chapter in graduate dissertations and in professional doctorate theses. 

Succeeding with Your Literature Review

This step-by-step handbook provides comprehensive and practical guidance on the process of researching a range of relevant literature on a subject, as well as planning and writing a literature review.

An interactive approach to writing essays and research reports in psychology

This writing guide offers students an engaging, accessible introduction to the conventions of writing in the psychology discipline.

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3 Literary Analysis Essay Examples: Mastering the Art of Analysis

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Discover the allure of literature with our literary analysis essay examples. Uncover hidden meanings, symbolisms, and develop your writing skills. Let’s dive into these examples and master the art of literary analysis together!

What is Literary Analysis?

Writing a literary analysis may sound intimidating, but it’s entirely attainable even for beginners. It involves the careful evaluation of a written piece to unearth its deeper meanings and understand the author’s choices. It’s not simply a summary or book review; rather, it shares similarities with an argumentative essay, providing a detailed examination of the work’s language, perspective, and structure.

Furthermore, it includes an exploration of how the author employs literary devices to generate specific effects and convey ideas. Gaining inspiration for a literary analysis essay may involve understanding the work’s historical context, themes, and symbolism. With these guidelines, anyone – beginners and seasoned writers alike – can create a thoughtful literary analysis essay that offers insightful interpretations of a literary work.

Writing a Literary Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide

Learning from other literary analysis essays can facilitate the writing process. This method helps understand different approaches and ways to analyze a subject. Furthermore, exploring the work of scholars and critics on your chosen literature can provide fresh perspectives and novel ideas for your essay. Here’s a simplified guide of eight crucial steps to help you compose a thoughtful and well-crafted literary analysis essay.

• Carefully Read the Text: Familiarize yourself with the literature you’ll analyze. Understand its message by reading it multiple times, especially for shorter pieces like poetry.
• Brainstorm a Topic: After comprehensively studying the work, generate a unique topic for your essay. A few probing questions can stimulate creative ideas.
• Collect and Interpret Evidence: Analyze the available evidence supporting your proposed topic. Highlight key sections as you read, including contradicting evidence that could support your argument.
• Write a Thesis: This is the central argument guiding your essay. Choose a debatable topic, rather than stating something universally acknowledged.
• Develop and Organize Your Arguments: Organize your evidence and create a robust thesis statement. Modify your argument as needed to match the evidence.
• Write a Rough Draft: Focus on delivering a thorough argument supported by textual evidence. Don’t worry about perfect grammar or complex sentences at this stage.
• Refine Your Arguments and Review: Be ruthless while editing. Pay attention to grammar, sentence structure, and ensure your essay aligns with your thesis.
• Get Another Opinion and Finalize: Seek feedback on your essay. Analyze your writing carefully and ensure it aligns with your thesis.

In summary, following these steps will not only make your literary essay writing process more structured, but will also enhance your analytical thinking and writing skills. Keep practicing, and each essay will be a step towards mastery in literary analysis.

How to Write an Outline of a Literary Essay

Embarking on the journey of writing a literary analysis essay requires a roadmap to ensure a logical and coherent argument. One effective way to organize your thoughts and ideas is by creating an outline. This outline not only structures your essay but also guides your analysis, helping to illuminate the path from your introduction to your conclusion.

Think of your outline as a skeleton: the backbone of your essay, providing structure and support. It allows you to arrange your points systematically, ensuring you don’t overlook essential elements and maintain a logical flow throughout your analysis. The following sections are the key components of this framework, each having a specific role and purpose in your essay:

Introduction

This initial section draws your readers into the world of your analysis. Providing the author’s name and the work’s title lays the groundwork. A thematic statement then broadens this base, offering a glimpse into the wider theme of your analysis. As your introduction unfolds, provide some contextual information about the work to highlight its relevance. Nearing the end of this section, present your readers with your thesis statement—an unambiguous declaration that encapsulates the purpose of your analysis.

The body serves as the battlefield of your essay, where you tackle the issues stated in your thesis. Your primary goal is to demonstrate how the author utilized the techniques discussed in your thesis. Use persuasive evidence such as quotes and literary devices to fortify your arguments. Always keep your thesis as the central pillar of your discussion, wrapping up each paragraph with a robust statement that fortifies your argument.

Here, you reaffirm your thesis and show how the ideas discussed in the body support its claims. Your conclusion recaps your main points, reinforcing their significance and leaving a lasting impression on your readers regarding the depth and relevance of your analysis.

3 Literary Analysis Essay Examples

This segment presents three instances of literary analysis essays on acclaimed pieces of literature. Studying these examples will offer you insights into the various methods and strategies employed by proficient writers for literary evaluation, focusing on the elucidation of thematic undertones, symbolism interpretation, and character motivation exploration.

I. God Help the Child by Toni Morrison: An Analysis of Childhood Trauma

Introduction:.

Toni Morrison’s novel ‘God Help the Child’ is a powerful exploration of childhood trauma and its implications. It probes the intricate layers of the trauma experience by centralizing the narrative around an African American character, Bride.

Morrison unravels the theme of childhood trauma via Bride’s life experiences. The early abandonment by her mother due to her dark skin color manifests in Bride’s adulthood, influencing her relationships and self-worth. Morrison uses vivid symbolism and imagery to convey the depth of Bride’s trauma, such as her white attire representing her longing for purity and acceptance. Bride’s interpersonal relationships, strained by her past trauma, are realistically portrayed, aiding readers in empathizing with her experiences.

Conclusion:

In ‘God Help the Child’, Morrison seamlessly explores the impact of childhood trauma on individuals and society. The novel’s potent imagery and symbolism simplify the complexities of trauma, making it an essential read for those interested in this theme.

II. The Color Purple by Alice Walker: An Examination of Gender and Identity

Alice Walker’s ‘The Color Purple’ delves into the intricate web of gender, race, and identity during the early 20th century American South.

The novel uniquely presents the theme of gender by depicting the struggles of African American women against oppression. It also discusses the theme of identity through the protagonist Celie’s life journey. Walker’s symbolism, such as the color purple signifying strength and resilience, contributes to the novel’s potent portrayal of gender and identity. Walker’s epistolary format and colloquial language use immerse the reader in the experiences of African American women of that era.

‘The Color Purple’ provides a compelling narrative about gender and identity struggles. Walker’s distinct use of symbolism, imagery, and language gives the novel a multifaceted perspective on these themes, securing its place in African American literature.

III. The Fall of the House of Usher by Edgar Allan Poe: A Study of the Supernatural

Edgar Allan Poe’s short story ‘The Fall of the House of Usher’ examines the supernatural’s influence on the human psyche.

The story is replete with supernatural elements contributing to its eerie Gothic atmosphere. These elements, such as the haunted mansion and its inhabitants’ bizarre behaviors, elicit fear and unease in the reader. Poe masterfully uses these supernatural components to underline fear and terror’s psychological effects. The haunted mansion symbolizes the Usher family’s decay and societal decline, while the blood-red moon during the mansion’s final collapse underlines the events’ supernatural nature.

‘The Fall of the House of Usher’ successfully explores supernatural themes and their psychological implications. Poe’s atmospheric storytelling and symbolism use underscore the themes of death and decay, solidifying the story’s place in the Gothic tradition.

Final Thoughts

Conclusively, to craft a compelling literary analysis essay, you should select a captivating topic, meticulously evaluate the text, and present a well-organized argument. The inclusion of textual evidence and considering the broader context are equally vital. Proficient writing skills are indispensable for formulating an influential essay that manifests a profound comprehension of the text and engages the readers.

If you face challenges in crafting a literary analysis essay, consider using tools like Blainy.com . This AI-powered platform aids in essay creation across various topics, enhancing efficiency and easing the process. It’s particularly helpful when you need a persuasive essay but lack confidence in your writing skills. Give it a shot and experience a streamlined essay-writing process.

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Literary analysis: sample essay.

We turn once more to Joanna Wolfe’s and Laura Wilder’s  Digging into Literature: Strategies for Reading, Writing, and Analysis  (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2016) in order to show you their example of a strong student essay that has a strong central claim elucidated by multiple surface/depth arguments supported by patterns of evidence.

Paragraph 1

Sylvia Plath’s short poem “Morning Song” explores the conflicted emotions of a new mother. On the one hand, the mother recognizes that she is expected to treasure and celebrate her infant, but on the other hand, she feels strangely removed from the child. The poem uses a combination of scientific and natural imagery to illustrate the mother’s feelings of alienation. By the end of the poem, however, we see a shift in this imagery as the mother begins to see the infant in more human terms.

Paragraph 2

There are several references to scientific imagery in “Morning Song” that suggest that mother is viewing the baby in clinical, scientific terms rather than as a new life. The poem refers to magnification (4) and reflection (8), both of which are scientific methods. The word “distills” (8) refers to a scientific, chemical process for removing impurities from a substance. The baby’s cry is described as taking “its place among the elements” (3), which seems to refer to the periodic table of elements, the primordial matter of the universe. The watch in the first line is similarly a scientific tool and the gold the watch is made of is, of course, an element, like the baby’s cry. Even the balloons in the last line have a scientific connotation since balloons are often used for measurements and experiments in science. These images all serve to show how the speaker feels distanced from the baby, who is like a scientific experiment she is conducting rather than a human being.

Paragraph 3

Natural imagery also seems to further dehumanize the baby, reducing it to nothing more than its mouth. The baby’s breathing is compared to a moth in line 10, suggesting that the speaker feels the infant is fragile and is as likely to die as a moth dancing around candlelight. A few lines later, the baby’s mouth is compared to another animal—a cat—who greedily opens its mouth for milk. Not only does the speaker seem to feel that the baby is like an animal, but she herself is turned into an animal, as she arises “cow-heavy” (13) to feed the infant. These images show how the speaker sees both the baby and herself as dumb animals who exist only to feed and be fed. Even the morning itself seems to be reduced to another mouth to feed as she describes how the dawn “swallows its dull stars” (16). These lines suggest that just as the sun swallows up the stars, so the baby will swallow up this mother.

Paragraph 4

However, in the last few lines the poem takes a hopeful turn as the speaker begins to view the baby as a human being. The baby’s mouth, which has previously been greedy and animal-like, now becomes a source of music, producing a “handful of notes” (17) and “clear vowels” (18). Music is a distinctly human sound. No animals and certainly not the cats, cows, or moths mentioned earlier in the poem, make music. This change in how the speaker perceives the baby’s sounds—from animalistic cry to human song—suggest that she is beginning to relate the baby as an individual. Even the word “handful” in the phrase “handful of notes” (17) seems hopeful in this context since this is the first time the mother has referred to the baby as having a distinctly human body part. When the baby’s notes finally “rise like balloons” (18), the speaker seems to have arrived at a place where she can celebrate the infant. For the first time, the infant is giving something to the speaker rather than threatening to take something away. The mother seems to have finally accepted the child as an independent human being whose company she can celebrate.

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Thematic and Literary Analysis of The Lottery by Shirley Jackson

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How to Write a Thematic Essay (Thematic Essay Examples Included)

Apr 8, 2024 | 0 comments

Apr 8, 2024 | Blog | 0 comments

Writing an essay can be a challenging task, especially when it comes to tackling a thematic essay. A thematic essay requires students to analyze a specific theme or concept and draw connections between various literary works, historical events, or scientific phenomena. By exploring the underlying messages and ideas presented in the chosen theme, students can develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter and present a cohesive argument in their essay. This article will discuss how to write a thematic analysis essay, providing helpful tips and tricks to guide you through the process. We will also include examples of thematic essays to demonstrate how to structure and convey your ideas effectively in a thematic essay. So whether you’re a seasoned essay writer looking to enhance your skills or a student facing their first thematic essay assignment, this guide will equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to write a compelling and insightful thematic essay. 

Thematic Essay Definition?

A thematic essay is a specific type of essay that focuses on exploring and analyzing a central theme within a piece of literature, a historical event, or any other subject matter. The primary goal of a thematic essay is to delve into the theme’s significance and how it relates to the overall meaning or message of the work or event being examined.

Unlike a summary essay that recounts the main events or plot points, a thematic essay requires the writer to go beyond the surface level and uncover the deeper, underlying ideas central to the work. This type of essay challenges the writer to critically analyze the explored theme’s literary devices, historical context, or broader implications.

The Purpose of a Thematic Essay

The primary purpose of a thematic essay is to demonstrate the writer’s ability to critically analyze a central theme and explore its deeper significance within a larger work or context. By focusing on a specific theme, the writer can delve into the nuances and complexities of the subject matter, showcasing their analytical skills and depth of understanding.

Additionally, writing a thematic essay can help students develop critical thinking and communication skills, as they must carefully select evidence, construct logical arguments, and **convey their ideas clearly and compellingly. This type of essay is often assigned in academic settings, as it prepares students for the rigors of higher-level analysis and scholarly discourse.

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How to Write a Thematic Essay: Step-By-Step

Crafting a compelling thematic essay requires a systematic approach. In the sections below, we’ll detail each process step – from choosing a thought-provoking theme to polishing your final draft. Get ready to dive deep, analyze critically, and produce a compelling thematic essay.

Step 1: How to choose a thematic essay topic

Selecting the right thematic essay topic is crucial to the success of your piece. When choosing a topic, look for themes that are rich in complexity and offer ample room for analysis and interpretation. Consider subjects that pique your interest and allow you to delve into the deeper meanings and significance behind the central idea.

Some key factors to consider when choosing a thematic essay topic include the depth of the theme, the available evidence or research material, and the potential for original insights or new interpretations. Avoid too broad or narrow topics, as this can make it difficult to **develop a focused and coherent essay.

Expand your writing toolkit and discover effective techniques for brainstorming college essay topics in just 15 minutes by checking out our insightful article.

Sample Topics for Thematic Essays

There are countless possibilities when it comes to thematic essay topics. Some popular examples include:

• The theme of power in George Orwell’s “Animal Farm”
• The significance of the theme of isolation in Emily Brontë’s “Wuthering Heights.”
• The role of gender and identity in Shakespeare’s “Hamlet”
• The theme of revenge and its consequences in Ódýn’s “Njál’s Saga”
• The exploration of the theme of morality in Dostoevsky’s “Crime and Punishment.”

Explore our comprehensive guide on Coming Up With Essay Topic Ideas for valuable insights and inspiration in crafting your next thematic essay.

Step 2: Thematic Essay Outline

I. Introduction    A. Hook: Unexpected statement or intriguing question to grab the reader’s attention    B. Background information on the theme and the work/event being analyzed    C. Thesis statement: Clear and concise argument about the significance of the theme

II. Theme Exploration    A. Body Paragraph 1       1. Topic sentence introducing the first main point about the theme       2. Evidence from the work/event to support the main point       3. Analysis of the evidence and how it relates to the thesis statement    B. Body Paragraph 2        1. Topic sentence introducing the second main point about the theme       2. Evidence from the work/event to support the main point       3. Analysis of the evidence and how it relates to the thesis statement    C. Body Paragraph 3       1. Topic sentence introducing the third main point about the theme       2. Evidence from the work/event to support the main point       3. Analysis of the evidence and how it relates to the thesis statement

III. Conclusion     A. Restatement of the thesis statement     B. Summary of the main points discussed in the essay     C. Reflection on the overall significance of the theme and its broader implications

Step 3: Research and Analysis

A. Conducting Thorough Research on the Chosen Theme

The foundation of a strong thematic essay lies in the research you conduct on the chosen theme. This involves gathering information from various credible sources, such as academic journals, literary critiques, historical documents, and primary sources. By immersing yourself in the relevant literature and data, you can develop a deep understanding of the theme and its broader context.

B. Taking Notes and Organizing Information

As you conduct your research, taking detailed notes and organizing the information to support your analysis is crucial. This may involve creating an outline, categorizing your findings by key themes or concepts, or using a note-taking system that helps you make connections between different sources. Effective note-taking and organization will ensure you have a solid foundation to build your thematic essay.

C. Analyzing the Key Ideas and Concepts within the Theme

Once you’ve gathered your research, it’s time to analyze the key ideas and concepts that underpin the theme. This may involve examining the literary devices used by the author, exploring the historical context of the work or event, or considering the broader societal implications of the theme. You can develop a nuanced and compelling argument in your thematic essay by critically analyzing the elements contributing to the theme’s significance.

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Step 4: How to Find and Explore the Central Theme

When writing a theme essay, the key is to effectively identify, explore, and analyze the central theme of a work or event. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to do so:

A. Identifying the Main Subject or Idea- The first step in writing a theme essay is to identify the main subject or idea that permeates the work or event you’re examining. This may involve closely reading the text , reviewing historical accounts, or critically analyzing the key elements of the work or event. Look for recurring motifs, dominant ideas, or overarching concepts that seem to drive the narrative or progression of the subject matter.

B. Recognizing Patterns, Symbolism, and Literary Devices-

As you examine the main subject or idea, pay close attention to the literary devices, symbols, and patterns that the author or historical figures may have used to convey the central theme. These elements can provide valuable insights into the theme’s deeper meanings and significance.

C. Analyzing the Relationship Between the Theme and the Broader Context –

Once you’ve identified the central theme and recognized the various literary or historical devices used to explore it, consider how the theme relates to the broader context of the work or event. This may involve examining the historical setting, cultural influences, or societal norms that shaped the development and portrayal of the theme.

D. Considering the Implications and Significance of the Theme

Finally, I will delve into the implications and significance of the central theme. Analyze how the theme relates to universal human experiences, moral and ethical dilemmas, or societal and cultural issues. Consider how the theme challenges or reinforces prevailing beliefs, values, or perspectives.

Step 5: Creating a Thesis Statement

Developing the Thematic Statement

At the heart of any thematic essay is a strong thesis statement . This statement should set the tone for your entire essay, clearly outlining your central argument or interpretation of the theme. Your thematic statement should be concise yet specific, capturing the essence of your theme and the significance you plan to explore.

When crafting your thematic statement, consider the following:

• What is the main argument you want to make about the theme?
• How does the theme relate to the broader context or message of the work or event?
• What specific insight or interpretation do you want to offer the reader?

By addressing these questions, you can develop a thematic statement as the foundation for your analysis essay.

Ensuring a Clear and Concise Thesis 

Your thesis statement should be clear and concise, leaving no ambiguity about the central focus of your thematic essay. Avoid vague or overly broad statements, and instead, craft a thesis that directly addresses the theme and its significance.

Using the Thesis to Guide the Essay

Once you’ve crafted your thematic statement, it should serve as the guiding principle for the rest of your essay. Each body paragraph should focus on a specific point or aspect of the theme, with topic sentences that introduce the main idea and evidence that supports your thesis.

In the thematic essay conclusion, you’ll restate your thesis statement and summarize the main points you’ve made throughout the essay. This concluding section should reflect on the theme’s overall significance and broader implications.

Tips for Writing a Perfect Thematic Essay Thesis

Here are some additional tips to help you write a quality thesis statement for your thematic essay:

• Start with the essay prompt : Ensure your thesis addresses the question or theme you’ve been asked to explore.
• Be specific : Avoid vague or overly broad statements; instead, focus on a particular aspect of the theme.
• Use clear language : Craft a thesis statement that is easy to understand and leaves no room for ambiguity.
• Connect to the broader context : Demonstrate how the theme relates to the larger work, event, or societal context.
• Revise and refine : Don’t be afraid to revisit and refine your thesis as you write it.

Step 6: How to Write an Essay about Theme Analysis?

The thematic essay introduction.

The introductory paragraph of your thematic essay is crucial in setting the tone and capturing the reader’s attention. Begin with a hook statement – an unexpected or intriguing question that piques the reader’s interest. Then, provide the necessary background information about the particular theme and the work or event you’re examining.

Finally, present your thesis statement – the central argument guiding the essay. Your thesis statement should set the stage for the rest of your thematic paper, clearly outlining your interpretation of the theme and the significance you plan to explore.

The Thematic Essay Body Paragraphs

The main body of your thematic essay should consist of three to five paragraphs; each focused on a specific point or aspect of the theme. Use topic sentences to introduce the main idea of each paragraph, and then support those ideas with relevant examples and evidence from your research.

As you review the essay, analyze the evidence and explain how it relates to your thesis statement. This in-depth analysis is crucial in demonstrating your critical thinking skills and providing a compelling argument about the significance of the theme.

The Thematic Essay Conclusion

In the concluding paragraph of your thematic essay, restate your thesis statement and summarize the main points you’ve made throughout the essay. Offer a concluding statement reflecting the theme’s significance and broader implications or applications.

Remember, the key to a successful thematic essay is to go beyond mere Summary and delve into the deeper meanings and significance of the theme you’ve explored. Following a clear and structured approach can create a thematic essay that flows logically, presents a strong argument, and showcases your analytical abilities.

“Discover the secrets to crafting a captivating essay conclusion paragraph by exploring our comprehensive article on effective conclusion writing techniques.”

Tips for Writing a Thematic Essay

Here are some additional tips to help you write a thematic essay:

• Understand the prompt : Ensure you understand the question or theme you’re being asked to explore.
• Create a detailed outline : Develop a comprehensive outline to organize your thoughts and guide the structure of your essay.
• Use specific examples : Incorporate specific examples from the work or event you’re analyzing to support your arguments.
• Analyze, don’t summarize : Focus on analyzing the theme, exploring its significance, and connecting it to the broader context.
• Revise and edit : Carefully review your essay for clarity, coherence, and organization, and seek feedback from peers or instructors.

Step 7: Editing and Revising

Reviewing the Essay for Clarity, Coherence, and Organization

Once you’ve completed the first draft of your thematic essay, it’s time to review it for clarity, coherence, and organization. This involves reading through the essay with a critical eye , ensuring that your ideas flow logically from one paragraph to the next and that your overall argument is clear and well-supported.

Pay close attention to your essay’s structure, ensuring that your introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion all work together to present a cohesive and compelling theme analysis. Evaluate whether your thesis statement effectively guides the rest of the essay and if your topic sentences and supporting evidence properly align with your central argument.

Checking for Grammar and Spelling Errors

In addition to reviewing the content and structure of your essay, it’s crucial to proofread it for grammar or spelling errors. These small mistakes can detract from the overall quality of your writing and undermine the credibility of your analysis.

Take the time to carefully read through your essay, checking for typos, incorrect word usage, and grammatical issues. You may also want to utilize online grammar-checking tools or enlist the help of a peer or instructor to identify any areas that need further editing.

Seeking Feedback from Peers or Instructors

Finally, consider seeking feedback from peers or instructors who can provide an outside perspective on your thematic essay. Their input can be invaluable in identifying any areas that need further development, clarification, or refinement.

Share your essay with trusted individuals, and ask them to provide constructive criticism on the strength of your argument, the clarity of your writing, and the overall effectiveness of your analysis. Incorporate their suggestions into your final revisions, and use this feedback to improve the quality of your thematic essay.

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Thematic Essay Example

Thematic Analysis of Power Dynamics in George Orwell’s “Animal Farm”

Example Thematic Essay: A Thematic Analysis of Resilience in Khaled Hosseini’s “The Kite Runner”

Thematic Essay Sample on Resilience in Maya Angelou’s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings

Thematic Essay Introduction Example

Takeaway on how to write a good thematic essay.

In the end, we have extensively discussed how to write thematic essay. Thematic essay writing requires a deep dive into the central theme of a work or event, leveraging research, critical analysis, and a well-structured approach. You can develop a strong thesis statement that guides the entire essay by identifying the main subject, recognizing the key literary devices or historical elements that shape the theme, and exploring its broader significance. In thematic essay format, the introduction should hook the reader, provide necessary background information, and present your central argument, while the body paragraphs delve into specific points supported by evidence and analysis. Finally, the conclusion reinforces your thesis, summarizes the main ideas, and reflects on the overall importance of the theme. With practice, dedication, and a commitment to the writing process, you can master the art of the thematic essay and produce a polished, insightful piece that showcases your critical thinking skills. So, explore your chosen theme, and let your analysis shine.

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Essay Freelance Writers is the best in the industry for providing help with thematic essay papers. Our team of experienced writers can assist you in crafting a well-written and thoroughly researched essay that effectively addresses your chosen theme. Whether you need help brainstorming ideas, outlining your paper, or polishing your final draft, our experts are here to support you every step. Please place your order today by clicking the ORDER NOW button above to get our expert writing help and take the stress out of writing your thematic essay.

Thematic Essay FAQs

What is a thematic essay structure.

A thematic essay structure typically includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction introduces the main theme and provides a thesis statement. The body paragraphs elaborate on the theme using examples and analysis, with each body paragraph focusing on a different aspect of the theme. Finally, the conclusion restates the thesis statement and summarizes the key points discussed in the essay.

How do you start a thematic analysis essay?

Select a theme or topic to explore to start a thematic analysis essay. Then, develop a thesis statement that presents your essay’s main theme or argument. Use examples and evidence to support your analysis throughout the essay, and ensure that your essay flows logically from start to finish.

What is an example of a theme in an essay?

An example of a theme in an essay could be love, where the author explores different aspects of love, such as romantic love, familial love, or spiritual love. The main theme of love can be analyzed through the essay’s characters’ interactions, dialogue, and relationships.

How do you start an essay theme?

To start an essay theme, begin with a strong opening sentence that introduces your essay’s main theme or topic. Use the first sentence to grab the reader’s attention and set the tone for the rest of the essay. Ensure your essay is based on a clear thesis statement reflecting the main theme you want to explore.

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The Yellow Wallpaper: Essay Examples

Welcome to The Yellow Wallpaper Essay Samples page prepared by our editorial team! Here you’ll find a heap of excellent ideas for The Yellow Wallpaper essay. Absolutely free research paper and essay samples on The Great Gatsby are collected here, on one page.

📝 The Yellow Wallpaper: Essay Samples List

• Gilman’s ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’: Point of View Genre: Essay Words: 1098 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper: literary analysis Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• The Yellow Wallpaper: Themes & Symbols Genre: Essay Words: 881 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper themes Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• The Need for Change in Ragged Dick and The Yellow Wallpaper Genre: Essay Words: 929 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper context Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• Depression due to Repression in The Yellow Wallpaper Genre: Research paper Words: 1837 Focused on: Feminism in The Yellow Wallpaper Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• A Rose for Emily and The Yellow Wallpaper: Compare & Contrast Essay Genre: Essay Words: 875 Focused on: Compare & contrast Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• Feminism in The Yellow Wallpaper Genre: Essay Words: 896 Focused on: Feminism in The Yellow Wallpaper Characters mentioned: the Narrator, John
• Loneliness in The Yellow Wallpaper Genre: Essay Words: 955 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper themes Characters mentioned: the Narrator, John, Jennie
• Gender Roles in the The Yellow Wallpaper Genre: Essay Words: 1480 Focused on: Feminism in The Yellow Wallpaper Characters mentioned: the Narrator, John, Jennie
• Marriage in The Yellow Wallpaper Genre: Critical writing Words: 598 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper themes Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• The Story of an Hour & The Yellow Wallpaper: Characters Comparison Genre: Essay Words: 1319 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper characters Characters mentioned: the Narrator, John
• The Yellow Wallpaper Essay Genre: Essay Words: 1734 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper themes Characters mentioned: the Narrator, John
• The Yellow Wallpaper: Symbolism Genre: Argumentative essay Words: 570 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper symbolism Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• Women’s Role in The Yellow Wallpaper, The Awakening, & The Revolt of Mother Genre: Essay Words: 700 Focused on: Compare & contrast Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• Solitude as a Theme in The Yellow Wallpaper & A Rose for Emily Genre: Essay Words: 1821 Focused on: Compare & contrast Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• The Yellow Wallpaper: Summary, Analysis, & Interpretation Essay Genre: Essay Words: 609 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper analysis Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• The Yellow Wallpaper: Symbolic Interpretations Essay Genre: Essay Words: 648 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper symbols Characters mentioned: the Narrator
• Gender Roles in The Yellow Wallpaper & Trifles Genre: Essay Words: 2159 Focused on: Compare & contrast Characters mentioned: the Narrator, John
• Mental Illness as a Theme of The Yellow Wallpaper Genre: Essay Words: 1395 Focused on: The Yellow Wallpaper themes Characters mentioned: the Narrator, John
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• Themes & Symbols
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