what is jha presentation

Environmental Health and Safety

Job hazard analysis (jha).

The Job Hazard Analysis tool is used to identify how to perform task step-by-step, any hazards associated with the task and controls to mitigate the hazards.

List of Documents and Appendices

• Printable Job Hazard Analysis Procedure
• Appendix A – Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) Form
• Appendix B – Common Hazards and Descriptions
• Appendix C – Hazard Control Measures
• Appendix D – Job Hazard Analysis PowerPoint Training Document
• Appendix E – Job Hazard Analysis Examples

A Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is an analysis of the hazards and risk associated which focus on identifying and controlling hazards.  Utilizing the JHA will provide a process for analyzing the work activities that will identify the tools, materials and equipment needed to develop work methods and procedures for accomplishing the task.  The process will identify existing and potential hazards and assessing the risk and identify methods to eliminate or protect against the hazard.

Definitions

• Engineering controls  eliminate or reduce exposure to a chemical or physical hazard through the use or substitution of engineered machinery or equipment.  This is the preferred control
• Administrative controls  are changes in work procedures such as written safety policies, rules, supervision, schedules, and training with the goal of reducing the duration, frequency, and severity of exposure to hazardous chemicals or situations.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to as “PPE”, is equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses.
• Exposure – When an employee enters a “danger zone” by virtue of their proximity to the hazard
• Hazard – An unsafe condition or practice that could cause injury, illness, or property damage and is preventable. Examples of hazards include: working at heights, slippery surfaces, exposed moving machinery parts, fire, explosion, noise, electricity, toxic emission, corrosive chemicals, low oxygen, repetitive tasks, heavy lifting, infectious Bloodborne pathogens, assault
• Job Hazard Analysis – A process that focus on job task as a way to identify hazards before they result in injury. It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools and equipment, and the environment and identifies control to reduce or eliminate the hazard.
• Task – Any activity (mental or physical or both) that has been assigned to an employee as a responsibility and carries with it both positive and/or negative consequences based on the performance of that job.

Steps To An Effective JHA (See Appendix A Job Hazard Analysis Form)

• Involve the employee performing the work
• Each task or step should be written on the worksheet one by one. Avoid creating steps that are too small, as the analysis may become too long and cumbersome.
• Watch the employee performing the work
• Ask other employees who have performed the task what are the steps to perform the work
• What could go wrong?
• What could cause things to go wrong?
• What other factors could contribute to an incident or injury to the worker?
• How could equipment be damaged?
• Engineering – eliminate of the hazard or reduced exposure to the hazard.
• Administrative – Reducing the exposure by changing conditions or the way that the work is done.
• Personal Protective Equipment – When exposure to hazards cannot be engineered completely out and administrative control cannot provide sufficient additional protection. PPE is the last line of defense.
• After finishing listing the tasks, hazards and controls, write down any training that is required to address the hazards, operate equipment or needed to perform the task.
• Write down the types of Personal Protective (PPE) that may have to be used to control the hazards.
• Review JHA with employees performing the work.
• The JHA can always be reviewed and upgraded when new information is needed to be added.
• See Appendix D JHA Training PowerPoint Presentation
• Phone: 919.515.7915
• Email: [email protected]

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Everything You Need to Run a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

There’s a long list of tools available to you for hazard identification and management in the safety field. One of the most effective of these is the job hazard analysis or JHA. A JHA is a safety pro’s best friend because it acknowledges that every task has a potential hazard — no matter how small.

The only way to deal with those hazards is to identify them, assess their severity and frequency, and implement controls to prevent them from wreaking havoc on your injury rate.

What is a Job Hazard Analysis?

A job hazard analysis (JHA) is a tool that breaks down every job or process into individual tasks to identify the associated hazards. With those hazards picked out, you can then use the hierarchy of controls to deal with them.  The hierarchy of controls starts with elimination and works down to substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and finally, PPE. Your goal is to eliminate the hazard first. If eradicating it isn’t possible, then replace the hazard, isolate the hazard, divert people away from it, and provide people with PPE if they must interact with it.

When you pick out hazards before work starts, you can then prevent incidents that lead to injury and illness.

The JHA process focuses on four interconnecting relationships: the worker, task, tools, and environment. JHAs are a vital part of the safety landscape because they allow you to be proactive and systematic in job and process design. When you build safety into your systems rather than using it as a blanket, you have more tools at your disposal to prevent incidents and limit hazards.

Is There a Difference between a JHA vs. JSA?

Job hazard analysis (JHA) is one tool, but you also have the term job safety analysis (JSA). What’s the difference between a JHA vs. JSA? Or is there no distinction at all? There are two modes of thinking on the subject. One says that a JHA and a JSA are the same things. However, there is also a camp suggesting that they are two different processes. In a rough poll published in EHS Today a few years ago , the people who believed JHA and JSA are two different tools see them as part of a two-step process. In their view, a JHA occurs at less frequent intervals, and a JSA takes a daily view of hazard identification.

Tip : You can make your own determination on whether to call the process a JHA or JSA because there’s no governing body providing a definition that you must meet. Pick a terminology for your organization and stick to it to avoid confusion.

Does OSHA Require JHA?

OSHA 29 CFR Part 1910.132 requires hazard assessments when determining PPE. Roughly, this means you need to perform a hazard assessment on every job — first to determine whether the worker needs PPE and second to determine the specific PPE requirements. JHAs are a form of hazard assessment, and OSHA doesn’t specifically namecheck the JHA as a mandatory process. In Appendix B of the 1910.132 standard, OSHA provides some non-mandatory guidance for completing hazard assessments. Using a JHA or JSA to identify potential hazards for each work task is recommended.

Bottom Line : No, OSHA does not explicitly require the completion of a JHA for every job.  However, completing them does improve compliance and OSHA strongly recommends them because they help you achieve practical safety.

What Makes a Job Hazard Analysis Effective?

A JHA is a form or template, but it’s also so much more than a single activity. To run a successful JHA, you need a few more key elements. One of the essential things required for an effective JHA is buy-in from both management and workers. You need leadership to prioritize JHAs in order to get the time and resources needed to complete them correctly and in good time. Worker buy-in is also critical because every employee has a unique understanding of their job. They’re the ones who do it all day, so they know best the hazards associated with it.

The end goal of a JHA is to make their job safer — not harder. You need to understand their daily job tasks from their perspective, and you can’t do that without their direct input. Though, keep in mind workers may have their own view of what hazards they consider to be avoidable versus unavoidable. Sometimes, “unavoidable” hazards, like equipment design or materials used, are only unavoidable from the employee’s perspective, but in reality, they are fixable with a more sizable process change.

Comprehensiveness is another crucial element of effective JHAs. The good news is that comprehensiveness largely requires a system, usually a template. Once you build a suitable JHA form or template, you can produce JHAs of a similar quality every time. Finally, you need to include the right amount of detail in each JHA. If you’re too eager, you run the risk of having far more detail than is required. We’ll walk through the minimum detail required in the how-to section below.

How to Prepare for a Job Hazard Analysis

Getting JHAs done and getting them right takes a set-up process that you can’t skip. There are three major phases of preparation:

• Prioritizing the JHAs by job hazard severity and hazard frequency 
• Securing employee buy-in
• Resolving immediate threats and hazards

Where to Start: Prioritizing Jobs for a JHA

OSHA recommends prioritizing the JHA process and starting with jobs that pose the biggest threat, i.e., jobs with the highest injury rates or near-misses, jobs with high risk levels, high complexity jobs, jobs with elevated OSHA violations, etc. You likely already have an idea of what jobs are most pressing. You can also find these jobs by reviewing your OSHA 300 log, near-miss history, and safety reports. When prioritizing, start with the jobs with the unacceptable risk — where one issue can lead to a catastrophic injury — and work your way down.

Next: Get Employees On-Board Before You Start

Then, it’s time to start getting employees ready for the task at hand. Employee buy-in is critical to your success because very often, there are hazards or near-misses that won’t be obvious to you or won’t make it on the records. Workers don’t always record those “Whoa, that was close moments,” so you need to ask about them.

Don’t Forget: Resolve Major Threats First

OSHA recommends starting with a preliminary job review. Pick out the biggest hazards that require immediate action and design and implement corrective action. You don’t need a JHA to resolve hazards that threaten the life and health of employees or anyone else on site. A JHA reveals hidden hazards and minor hazards, like those that could threaten repetitive use injuries.

How to Fill Out a JHA: Step by Step

With your list of jobs and a workforce ready to run, it’s time to dive into the JHA process. You may have an internal form that walks you through the completion of these steps. Make sure your form leads you through the following steps. Need a JHA template? Download a free one here . (No email required, but you’ll need your Google login.) A rough step-by-step process for filling out a JHA looks like this:

Step 1: Choose a job from your list (according to priority) and break it down into tasks or steps.

In the first step, pull apart each job into all the individual segments of the job. The simplest way to do it is to watch the worker do the job and list steps to get a full sense of the true order of events. It’s helpful to photograph the steps or take a video. You can then keep it for your records and review it to record any hazards that you may have missed.

Step 2: Identify all hazards for each task.

With all the steps outlined, begin to identify every hazard associated with each step. Some hazards will be obvious (risk of laceration, etc.) and others may hide under the surface (ergonomic, repetitive use, etc.) As you think about each hazard ask and answer the following questions: 

• What could go wrong?
• What could cause things to go wrong?
• What factors could create injury?
• What factors could cause equipment damage

Step 3: Create hazard descriptions.

With your hazards identified, you need to describe them in detail. So, it’s time to name them and:

• Describe the hazard type (biological, chemical, ergonomic, etc.)
• Identify the route of exposure
• Outline the frequency and severity of the exposure
• Select a risk probability (could occur, not likely to occur, etc.)
• Identify a risk consequence (first aid, medical treatment, fatality, etc.)

Step 4: Create a plan for hazard control.

The core purpose of a JHA is to control the hazards you identified. You’ll use the hierarchy of controls to eliminate or mitigate each hazard with corrective or preventive actions.

Step 5: Control hazards and repeat.

With your list of corrective actions, it’s time to go back to the task and take action. Be sure you run through the JHA again after control to evaluate the efficacy.

Step 6: Review JHAs periodically.

All JHAs expire eventually. A JHA becomes obsolete when:

• the job changes
• an employee suggests a change to their job design
• when an incident or near-miss occurs despite employees following JHA procedures 

You should also have a plan to review and update JHAs regularly, so you confirm or update them even when no incident or injury prompts you to do so.

Build Safer Work Practices with a JHA

With the paperwork complete, it’s time to use JHAs in the field. JHAs are a process by which you identify and evaluate hazards to find appropriate hazard controls. They start with elimination and engineering controls and ultimately work their way down to PPE. 

Review your completed JHAs with every employee currently performing the job. Use them to train, re-train, and onboard new employees or those new to the task. Additionally, communicate the results to managers and supervisors to let them know the correct process and manage deviations from the safety program.

Do you have a long list of JHAs to run? Simplify the process. Safesite makes it easy to run your ideal safety program. Set up your free account and start using it in the field in just 8 minutes. 

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How to Do a Job Hazard Analysis: 4 Essential Steps

January 17, 2015

Resource : blog industry : aec , engineering & design , facilities management , industrial tags : safety , vector ehs management.

This guide for performing a JHA incorporates suggestions made in OSHA’s Job Hazard Analysis booklet (OSHA 3071, revised in 2002). We think you'll find it useful when you perform JHAs at your worksite.

Performing JHAs at work will improve your safety record and general EHS compliance . So let's get started with our tips on how to do a job hazard analysis.

How Can I Get Started With a Job Hazard Analysis?

Before you begin the JHA for a specific job, do the following.

Get your employees involved.

Safety works best when management and employees are both involved. That's true of the JHA process as well. Remember, it's their job, and they probably know it better than you do. This will also help you get their buy-in for this process and for safety in general. Plus, two sets of eyes (or more) are always better than one.

For more on getting your employees involved in all aspects of safety, check our articles on Best Practices for Safety and Health Management and the Roles of Management and Employees in Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS) .

Review your history of injuries, illnesses, near misses, and machine/tool damage.

Go over your written records of injuries, illnesses, near-misses, and incidents that have required machine/tool replacement or repair. Then, get feedback from your employees, asking if there are things that have occurred but are not in the records. (Make it clear you're trying to make work conditions safer, not punish anyone because something hasn't been reported.)

Your OSHA reporting logs may prove helpful here, and if you have one, your incident management software may as well.

Ask your employees which hazards exist in their work area.

Ask your employees if they're aware of hazards in their work area. Write them down--you can use this list later when you're performing the JHA.

Note: If a serious hazard comes to light at this point, stop what's you're doing and correct the problem before you continue with the JHA process.

Create a list that prioritizes the jobs for which you'll perform a Job Hazard Analysis.

It's great if you do a JHA for every job, but you should do JHAs for the jobs with the highest risks first. Take the information you've already gathered and prioritize the order in which you'll perform the JHAs.

To prioritize jobs this way, you may find the information in this Risk Management article helpful.

With these steps down, you're now ready to complete the formal JHA process, described below.

Steps of the Job Hazard Analysis Process

Once you've completed the introductory steps above, it's time to begin the formal JHA process for a given job. Here's how to do a job hazard analysis:

Step 1: Begin the JHA for a specific job by breaking the job down into the steps or tasks performed while doing the job.

Here are some ways to do this:

• Watch an employee performing the job.
• Ask the employee what the various steps are--the employee may have some good insight here, but remember that the employee may leave out some steps because they're "automatic" to him or her.
• Ask other employees who have performed the job to list or review the steps.
• Film the employee while the employee performs the jobs--this will help you identify the steps.

Write these steps down anyway you want. It's common to create a JHA form that represents each task of a given job, plus a description of the task, the hazards, and potential hazard controls. There's a sample form for this in OSHA's JHA document . And our guide at at the bottom of this post, which you can download, includes forms you can use for this too.

Step 2: Identify and list the hazards associated with each task (do one task first, then another, etc.)

Consider every possible thing that could go wrong. How could the worker be injured or be made ill? How could machines or equipment be damaged? Ask yourself the following questions:

• What could go wrong?
• What could cause that thing/those things to go wrong?
• What other factors could contribute to that thing/those things going wrong?
• What would happen if that thing/those things did go wrong?
• How likely is it that that thing/those things will go wrong?

Our downloadable guide at the bottom of this article includes a table that lists common hazard types. You may this very helpful when you're trying to identify hazards.

Step 3: Write a hazard description (also called a hazard scenario).

Write a description of each hazard in a consistent, orderly manner that will help ensure you will later put in steps to control the hazard and create the best possible controls.

A good hazard description should include the following items.

• Environment : where does this hazard exist?
• Exposure : who or what might be injured or made ill by this hazard?
• Trigger : what event might cause the hazard to lead to an injury or illness?
• Contributing factors : are there other factors that might contribute to cause the hazard to lead to an injury or illness?
• Outcome/consequence : what would be the result if the hazard were to occur?

Here's a one-screen sample from Convergence Training's Online Job Hazard Analysis training course that explains the hazard description and gives an example.

Step 4: Create a plan for controlling each hazard associated with each task.

Once you've written the hazard descriptions, now it's time to brainstorm some hazard controls so the hazard never really does lead to an injury or illness. And remember what we said earlier--if you've identified a severe hazard, and/or one with a great chance of causing illness or injury, address it immediately.

When you're considering a list of controls, think of the following (and in this order):

• Elimination and/or substitution: If you can remove the hazard entirely, or put some form of substitute in place, do that. That's the best way to deal with a hazard--make it go away. An example would be removing a sharp edge on the corner of a machine so nobody could get cut.
• Engineering controls: Engineering controls involve re-designing the work area so that the hazard is eliminated or reduced. An example would be enclosing a noisy motor inside a sound-proof box.
• Administrative controls: Administrative controls involve modifying the way people work around a hazard to reduce the risk. An example might be limiting the number of hours someone works lifting heavy boxes from the end of a conveyor belt.
• Personal protective equipment (PPE): PPE can be used to protect people who are working in the presence of hazards. An example would be giving a respirator to someone working near airborne crystalline silica. PPE should only be used as a last resort, once the other forms of controls listed above have been tried. PPE may be used in combination with the other forms of controls, too.

Need more help on controls? Here's a nice OSHA page on hazard controls; here's an OSHA website on the Hierarchy of Controls ; and here's our article on the Hierarchy of Controls .

More about the Job Hazard Analysis

Here are a few more stray questions (and answers) about the JHA for you.

When Should You Control Your Hazards?

Once you've completed the JHA, start controlling them hazards, cowboy.

Do You Have to Review and Revise Your JHAs?

Yes. Our form below includes lines you can use to schedule these reviews and make sure they've happened.

When Should You Review and Revise Your JHAs

Review your JHAs and, if necessary, revise them:

• On a routine, periodic basis--maybe every year
• When an injury or illness occurs at a a specific job
• When there's a close call or near-miss
• When the job changes
• When an employee suggests considering it

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Job Hazard Analysis (JHA): Identifying and Eliminating Worksite Risks

Table of Contents

Introduction

A proactive approach to workplace safety involves identifying and mitigating potential risks through comprehensive assessments. Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), also known as Job Safety Analysis (JSA), is a systematic process designed to evaluate tasks, identify hazards, and eliminate or control risks. This article delves into the significance of JHA in safeguarding workplaces and outlines the steps organizations can take to conduct effective hazard analyses.

Understanding Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

• Definition: JHA is a structured process that involves breaking down a job into individual tasks, identifying potential hazards, and implementing controls to minimize or eliminate risks.
• Purpose: The primary goal of JHA is to enhance workplace safety by preventing accidents and injuries through proactive hazard identification.
• Task Identification: Breaking down a job into specific tasks to analyze each step individually.
• Hazard Identification: Identifying potential hazards associated with each task.
• Risk Assessment: Evaluating the severity and likelihood of identified hazards.
• Control Measures: Implementing controls to eliminate or minimize risks.

Steps in Conducting Job Hazard Analysis

• Prioritization: Identifying jobs with higher risk levels or those with a history of incidents for analysis.
• Involving Employees: Consulting workers to gain insights into potential hazards in their respective tasks.
• Task Identification: Listing each step involved in a job.
• Sequencing Tasks: Organizing tasks in the order they occur during job execution.
• Physical Hazards: Identifying dangers related to machinery, equipment, or workplace layout.
• Chemical Hazards: Assessing risks associated with exposure to chemicals.
• Biological Hazards: Recognizing potential risks from biological agents.
• Ergonomic Hazards: Evaluating risks related to poor workstation design or repetitive tasks.
• Severity and Likelihood: Assigning a rating to the severity and likelihood of each identified hazard.
• Risk Matrix: Using a risk matrix to prioritize hazards based on their potential impact.
• Elimination: Completely removing the hazard if possible.
• Substitution: Replacing the hazard with a less risky alternative.
• Engineering Controls: Modifying equipment or processes to minimize risks.
• Administrative Controls: Introducing procedures or policies to reduce exposure.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Providing appropriate PPE as a last line of defense.
• Written Documentation: Creating a detailed report outlining identified hazards, risks, and control measures.
• Communication: Sharing findings with employees and relevant stakeholders.
• Training: Ensuring that workers are educated on the identified risks and control measures.

Benefits of Job Hazard Analysis

• JHA helps organizations proactively identify and eliminate potential hazards, reducing the likelihood of accidents and injuries.
• Involving employees in the JHA process fosters a culture of safety and encourages workers to actively contribute to identifying risks in their tasks.
• Conducting JHA ensures compliance with occupational health and safety regulations, demonstrating a commitment to maintaining a safe work environment.
• By identifying and mitigating risks, JHA can lead to more efficient and streamlined work processes, enhancing overall workplace productivity.

Job Hazard Analysis is a powerful tool that empowers organizations to systematically identify, assess, and control workplace risks. By breaking down jobs into tasks, analyzing potential hazards, and implementing effective controls, employers can create safer work environments, protect their workforce, and ensure regulatory compliance. Embracing a proactive approach through JHA contributes to a culture of safety and fosters continuous improvement in occupational health and safety practices.

Root Cause Analysis Steps

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• JHA is a systematic process for identifying and eliminating or controlling workplace hazards. It is important for preventing accidents, enhancing employee involvement in safety, and ensuring regulatory compliance.
• Key components include task identification, hazard identification, risk assessment, and the implementation of control measures.
• Steps include selecting jobs for analysis, breaking down jobs into tasks, identifying potential hazards, assessing risks, implementing controls, and documenting and communicating findings.
• Benefits include the prevention of accidents and injuries, enhanced employee involvement in safety, regulatory compliance, and improved overall workplace efficiency.

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How to Conduct a Job Hazard Analysis

A job hazard analysis (JHA) is an important tool for identifying and reducing hazards in any workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) does not specifically require employers to develop JHAs, but encourages their use for potentially hazardous tasks.

“You can help prevent workplace injuries and illnesses by looking at your workplace operations, establishing proper job procedures, and ensuring that all employees are trained properly” by conducting a JHA, according to the agency.

OSHA defines the JHA as a “technique that focuses on job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they occur … [and] focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools and the work environment.” After identifying uncontrolled hazards, employers are expected to take steps to eliminate or reduce them to an acceptable risk level, OSHA said.

The process can also be used to train new workers to perform their jobs safely.

OSHA encourages employers conduct JHAs at worksites with occupations:

• With the highest injury or illness rates.
• With the potential to cause severe or disabling injuries or illnesses, even if there is no history of previous incidents.
• In which one simple human error could lead to a severe accident or injury.
• That are new, complex, or have undergone changes in processes and procedures.

Getting Started

Before beginning a JHA for a specific job, OSHA recommends:

Involving your workers. Employees know the job best at the frontline level and their knowledge is valuable in identifying hazards. “Involving employees will help minimize oversights, ensure a quality analysis, and get workers to ‘buy in’ to the solutions because they will share ownership in their safety and health program,” OSHA said.

Reviewing your accident history. Review the worksite’s history of accidents, occupational illnesses, damage to machinery or equipment, and any near misses—indicators that existing hazard controls may not be adequate.

Surveying your employees. Ask your workers about any hazards they’re aware of in their work areas, and brainstorm solutions to eliminate or control those hazards. “If any hazards exist that pose an immediate danger to an employee’s life or health, take immediate action to protect the worker,” OSHA reminded employers.

Ranking jobs. List and prioritize jobs with the highest risks and plan to conduct JHAs for those jobs first.

Outlining job tasks. Watch the employee perform the job and break down the steps that make up the job. It may be helpful to photograph or videotape the worker performing the job to create visual references for use during the analysis, OSHA said.

Conducting a JHA

OSHA advises creating a form that represents each task of a given job, plus a description of the task, the hazards and potential hazard controls.

“A job hazard analysis is an exercise in detective work,” the agency said. The goal is to discover:

• What is the hazard?(What can go wrong?)
• What are the consequences?
• How could it happen?
• What are other contributing factors?
• How likely is it that the hazard will occur?

Hazards are rarely the result of a singular cause resulting in a singular effect, OSHA said. It’s much more likely that many contributing factors line up in a certain way to create the hazard.

Additional inputs necessary when analyzing hazards include:

• Environment: Where does the hazard exist?
• Exposure: Who might be injured or made ill by the hazard?
• Trigger: What event/events might cause the hazard to lead to an injury or illness?
• Contributing factors.
• Consequences: What are the possible results if an accident was to occur?

OSHA provided this example: A metal-shop worker clearing a snag comes into contact with a rotating pulley that pulls his hand into the machine and severs his fingers.

A JHA for this job would look like this:

• What is the hazard? The worker’s hand could come into contact with a rotating object that catches it and pulls it into the machine.
• What are the consequences? The worker could receive a severe injury and lose fingers or one or both hands.
• How could it happen? It could happen as a result of the worker trying to clear a snag during operations or as part of a maintenance activity while the machine is operating.
• What are other contributing factors? This hazard occurs very quickly. It does not give the worker much opportunity to recover or prevent it once his hand comes into contact with the pulley. “This is an important factor, because it helps you determine the severity and likelihood of an accident when selecting appropriate hazard controls,” OSHA said. Experience has shown that training is not very effective in hazard control when triggering events happen quickly because people cannot react in time.
• How likely is it that the hazard will occur? If there have already been near misses or actual incidents, then the likelihood of a reoccurrence is high. The likelihood of reoccurrence is high for the example given because basic safety practices such as machine guarding to prevent contact and utilizing a lockout/tagout procedure are lacking.

Finally, a plan is drawn up for controlling each hazard associated with each task.

Using the industry standard hierarchy of hazard controls is useful for this step. The hierarchy of hazard controls are, in order of effectiveness:

• Elimination. Physically removing the hazard is the most effective control.
• Substitution. Substituting processes, equipment, materials or other factors to remove the hazard, such as by replacing lead-based paint with acrylic paint.
• Engineering. These controls do not eliminate hazards but isolate people from them, including through the use of machine guards, blast shields and exhaust ventilation.
• Administrative. These change the way people work, including using work permits, scheduling modifications, additional training, exposure limitations, alarms, signs and warning labels.
• Personal protective equipment. This includes respirators, hearing protection, protective clothing, safety glasses and hardhats.

After completing JHAs for potentially hazardous job tasks, OSHA recommends discussing your findings with all employees who perform the tasks and encouraging feedback.

Employers should also communicate any job modifications or changes in work procedure and the reasons for the changes.

JHAs should be periodically reviewed and revised, especially after an illness or injury occurs.

If you need outside help to conduct a JHA, possible sources of help could include your insurance company, the local fire department, occupational safety and health consultants, and OSHA’s free consultation services .

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Four Steps to Conducting a Job Hazard Analysis

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For 27 years, the Bureau of Labor Statistics has reported on workplace injuries across the United States. During that time, both the number of cases and the rate per 100 workers has steadily decreased. In 2018, they reported 2.8 million nonfatal workplace injuries and illnesses .

While these decreasing numbers are encouraging, occupational health and safety (OHS) professionals must constantly consider ways to improve. Currently, much of OHS is about responding to workplace accidents. While this is still extremely important, the field is changing and is becoming more about prevention and hazard identification.

Safety experts have begun to focus on educating employees and identifying potential issues rather than on what is essentially damage control. The hope is that taking a prevention-based approach and trying to stop an accident from ever happening will help companies save the time and money that comes along with mitigating the effects of workplace accidents.

A job hazard analysis (JHA), sometimes called a job safety analysis, task hazard analysis or job hazard breakdown, is one way to identify and work to correct potential dangers in your specific workplace.

Conducting a JHA will help you understand the most hazardous jobs in your workplace, what those specific hazards entail, and corrective and preventive measures you can take to reduce or completely eliminate the likelihood of accidents, injuries and illnesses.

Steps to Conducting a Job Hazard Analysis

As an employer, you are legally required to take steps to correct all known hazards in your workplace . A job hazard analysis is an efficient way for you — and your employees — to take a look at all workplace activities and understand where the hazards may lie.

Implementing a JHA at your job site may seem like a daunting task, but it doesn’t have to be. Every job hazard analysis can be broken down into four actionable steps to help employers and employees navigate this important step toward safety.

Which jobs should you analyze?

Deciding which job to start with may seem like the most intimidating step, but don’t overthink it. Review your accident logs and take note of near-misses, including those that might not have been officially recorded. This will give you a good idea of which jobs are typically more hazardous.

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Interviewing employees is another smart step to take in this process. These are the people doing the jobs day in and day out so they probably have a good idea of how hazardous the job actually is.

In addition to those jobs that you can identify as more hazardous, be sure to also consider:

• Newly created jobs
• Jobs with recently changed procedures
• Complex jobs that require written instructions
• Jobs with entirely new personnel

What are the tasks involved with that job?

Once you have determined which jobs to analyze, you need to break down each job into a series of steps. This can be done by simply observing an employee (or employees, if necessary) in action. Be sure the observer is someone who serves in a safety role or is a direct supervisor familiar with the job. This will ensure the steps are recorded properly.

During the observation, the notetaker of course should be recording each step of the process, but this is also the time to document shortcuts employees might take or steps not normally considered, such as setting up or cleaning up equipment.

Make sure everyone involved reviews the notes after the observation is complete. You want a job’s tasks to be clear but avoid making them too generic or too specific. Try to keep the number of individual tasks under 10. Any more than that and you might want to consider breaking up the job into multiple phases for easier manageability.

What are the hazards of each task? Now that you have clear documentation of the job and all the steps involved, it is time to get to the meat of the JHA. Evaluate each step in the job process and think about the potential hazards of that step.

Many times this will be obvious — such as operating heavy machinery — but don’t discount the seemingly innocuous things like repetitive bending and lifting or other ergonomic issues .

While the inherent dangers will vary with every job and with each specific task, some questions to ask yourself might be:

• Are there pinch points or the potential for body parts to be caught between moving machinery?
• Is there a potential for slips, trips or falls ?
• Does the task expose employees to excessive noise or vibration?
• Is there potential for exposure to hazardous substances?

At this point in the JHA, you may want to revisit the accident and injury logs. Where did things go wrong? What can be improved? By reviewing real-life scenarios relating to that job, you can accurately assess the dangers. Employees who regularly do the job in question can also be a great resource at this step, as minor injuries or near-misses may not always be recorded.

How can you implement controls?

Once you have evaluated each step of the job, you can now implement controls to minimize or eliminate the hazards in order to keep your workers safe. For example, if a worker has to repeatedly bend over to pick up material, you may need to reconsider the storage location of those materials.

This is where you will use the hierarchy of hazard controls , which aims to control occupational dangers. First, you should try to eliminate, or completely remove, the hazard. Of course, this is often not possible, so substitution is the next step. Think of something like replacing lead-based paint with a nontoxic product.

Engineering controls create a physical barrier between the worker and the hazard, such as installing guard rails. The danger is still present, but it is physically less likely to occur. One step below this is administrative controls, which is simply the implementation of safer work practices, like signs or increased training.

Finally, and perhaps what people most often think of when it comes to hazard controls, is personal protective equipment (PPE) . Appearing at the very bottom of the hierarchy, PPE is the least effective means of controlling hazards. However, it is often much easier to implement and various types can be utilized in a number of workplace scenarios.

Don’t Stop with the JHA

So you have completed your analysis, determined what the major hazards are and how you want to move forward to fix them. Now what? In order to move ahead as safely as possible, you must be sure your workforce is aware of your findings and the actions you will be taking.

Not only does every worker have the right to up-to-date workplace hazard information, it also helps you to know that everyone is on the same page when it comes to dangers in the workplace. After all, would you rather have 70% of workers know the dangers of a certain job or have 100% be aware and cover all your bases?

As you begin to implement safety controls, no matter where they fall within the hierarchy, you should continually keep your employees updated on the steps that are being taken. You may choose to send out regular emails, post updated signs in high-traffic areas or have in-person meetings. 

No matter your method, making sure all employees are involved makes them know you care for them and their safety.

Train Your Employees

Sometimes conducting a job hazard analysis will reveal large gaps in safety, while other times you may find that a job is being conducted as safely as possible. No matter what, you can be sure that a well-trained employee is always going to be safer than a poorly trained employee.

Taking online safety training is convenient as each of your employees can receive training on a wide range of topics that apply to them, from lockout/tagout to understanding OSHA regulations for their specific job.

Another benefit to taking training online is how easy it is to repeat training as often as is needed — or as often as you would like. Some regulations require training to be conducted at least annually , but because you never know when an inspection could occur, it is never a bad idea to brush up on safety training even when not required.

In addition to hundreds of course options for your employees, we also offer training on how to conduct a job hazard analysis if you want a more in-depth guide on using a JHA to protect your workers. It’s never a wrong time to evaluate your current safety program, or implement a new one, to protect your employees. Contact SafetySkills today to see how we can help you get started on improving your safety program.

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Job Safety Analysis - JSA Job Hazard Analysis - JHA

Job Safety Analysis (JSA’s) is a process of determining physical requirements, environmental conditions and safety factors relating to a specific job or task. JSA’s are best used for stationary or repetitive production tasks or product movement, in which the job, equipment and work environment change very little.

A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they occur. It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools, and the work environment. Ideally, after you identify uncontrolled hazards, you will take steps to eliminate or reduce them to an acceptable risk level. Also See: Ergonomics Section

What is the value of a job hazard analysis?

Supervisors can use the findings of a job hazard analysis to eliminate and prevent hazards in their workplaces. This is likely to result in fewer worker injuries and illnesses; safer, more effective work methods; reduced workers' compensation costs; and increased worker productivity. The analysis also can be a valuable tool for training new employees in the steps required to perform their jobs safely.

For a job hazard analysis to be effective, management must demonstrate its commitment to safety and health and follow through to correct any uncontrolled hazards identified. Otherwise, management will lose credibility and employees may hesitate to go to management when dangerous conditions threaten them.

What jobs are appropriate for a job safety / hazard analysis?

A job hazard analysis can be conducted on many jobs in your workplace. Priority should go to the following types of jobs:

Jobs with the highest injury or illness rates;

Jobs with the potential to cause severe or disabling injuries or illness, even if there is no history of previous accidents;

Jobs in which one simple human error could lead to a severe accident or injury;

Jobs that are new to your operation or have undergone changes in processes and procedures; and

Jobs complex enough to require written instructions.

Job Safety Analysis or JSA is simply a procedure used to review job methods and uncover hazards that may have been overlooked in the layout of the plant or building and in the design of the machinery, equipment, tools, work stations and processes, or that may have developed after production started, or that resulted from changes in work procedures or personnel. It's one of the first steps in hazard and accident analysis and in safety training.

It's really simple. Once the hazards are known, the proper solutions can be developed. Some solutions may be physical changes that eliminate or control the hazard, such as placing a safeguard over exposed moving machine parts. Others may be job procedures that eliminate or minimize the hazard.

Most of the information needed for a Job Saety Analysis, such as environmental conditions, physical requirements and required personal protective equipment is very easy to determine. The more difficult part is listing the steps for a particular task and identifying the necessary safety steps. A Job Safety Analysis is not difficult to perform. You can make up your own form, for your specific equipment, processes or machinery.

Job Safety Analysis Worksheet.

Use this information to actually create a Job Safety Analysis Training Guide, for training employees.

The Job Safety Analysis Worksheet guide is the result of analyzing each specific job in your organization, so when it comes time for training, all the information relating to the job and the safe method of completing the job is documented. This training guide can serve as a checklist for documentation of the training. It can be completed by the person conducting the training, or the individual's supervisor, to ensure all safety aspects, potential hazards and recommended safe job procedures are explained to the individual being trained.

Many companies fail to use Job Safety Analysis because it takes time and effort to analyze each specific piece of equipment and job. The truth of the matter is, it's more cost effective to perform Job Safety Analysis because it saves time, money and certainly reduces accidents and injuries. JSA gives individuals training in safe, efficient procedures. It increases safety awareness, it improves job training, especially for new employees and overall improves productivity. It's worth the time and effort you spend in analyzing each specific job.

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Back Injury Prevention

Job Hazard Analysis I. Speaker’s Notes:

OSHA’s Voluntary Protection Program (VPP) Job Hazard Analysis Mishap reporting 1 This class is only intended to familiarize you with the programs in place.

Job Hazard Analysis. © Business & Legal Reports, Inc Session Objectives Identify the purpose of JHA Recognize the benefits of JHA Understand the.

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OSHA Hawai`i Workshop 05/20/ “A Rose by Any Other Name” OSHA-Hawai’i Workshop May 20, 2009.

Presented by QBE Loss Control Services Back Safety Controls.

Risk Management Services December 2011 Have you been SET-UP? A brief discussion on JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS (JHA) Identify Hazards/Risks.

Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

Understand the scope of back injuries in the workplace Analyze the workplace to find work activities, equipment and related factors which may contribute.

Ergonomics An overview of hazard identification and practical solutions.

Accident Prevention Programs What Will We Talk About? What is an accident? What is an accident prevention program? Basic elements of a program Where.

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Job Hazard Analysis Training & Certification

Hard Hat Training courses meet all training requirements set by OSHA and Canada.

We Offer Three Types of Job Hazard Analysis Trainings

Our regulation-aligned Job Hazard Analysis certification courses are updated to reflect the most recent changes made to safety standards. Whether you want a certification in as little as two hours, or a more robust training, we can help! We offer online trainings that can be completed in a day, DIY training kits that provide training materials, Train the Trainer certifications that certify individuals to train others and provide training materials, or onsite training. No matter what you choose, we can get you what you want, at a price you can afford.

Online Training

Online training is for those who prefer self-paced training from any location and/or for employers who need to assign and monitor employee training progress and exam scores.

Select Your Region or Language

View the English, OSHA Aligned training course

View the Spanish, OSHA Aligned training course

View the English, CAL/OSHA Aligned training course

View the Canadian-aligned training course

Training Kits

The training kit is for those who want the freedom of doing the training themselves. It is an PowerPoint Presentation (PPT) that you can present yourself to a group of trainees.

DIY Training Kits

Train the Trainer

Train the Trainer courses are online and meant to certify a individual to use the training kit to train others. Training kit and materials are included with the Train the Trainer online course for no additional cost.

Onsite Training

Onsite training is for companies looking for hands-on training on your own equipment at your location. We send an instructor to your workplace (from Rexburg, Idaho), so travel expenses may apply. Because of this, onsite training is recommended for groups of five or more employees.

What’s in the Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) Training Course?

Our JHA/JSA training course is regulation aligned, and our online version fulfills classroom training requirements. Each class contains sections on JHA vs. JSA, their roles in workplace safety, and more.

During this training, we will be taking a look at the specific procedures and tasks that are required of someone who is performing a JHA or JSA. As part of this training, you will learn the importance of completing a JHA and what workplaces are required to complete one. We will emphasize the roles that each the employer, supervisor, and employee have in the JHA process and discuss the various hazard controls that can be utilized on the worksite. Finally, we will talk about performing daily inspections and use case studies to demonstrate the negative results that may occur from ignoring or not complying with your JHA responsibilities.

This presentation includes intermittent practice quiz questions to prepare for the final written exam included with the course. In addition to the written exam, this course also includes a checklist for employers to use when administering a practical exam as required by OSHA.

See Purchase Options

For most courses, we offer OSHA trainings in English and Spanish, CAL/OSHA trainings in English, and Canada trainings in English. See all of our options!

Job Hazard Analysis Certification Standards

U.s. standards.

• General Duty Clause 5(a)(1) – “Each employer shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees.”

Canada Standards

• ISO 31000 Standard – Risk Management: Principles and Guidelines

Train the Trainer Certification

The Train the Trainer option is used to certify a trainer to teach others using the included training kit. It incorporates the online course with an additional train the trainer module, as well as the training kit. This option results in an regulation-aligned lifetime trainer certification from Hard Hat Training. This certification is not company-specific, meaning you can take it with you should you change employers.

Why Do I Need Job Hazard Analysis Safety Training?

Although there are no specific standards requiring it, best practice states that anyone who conducts a JHA must receive training prior to carrying out their JHA duties.

When it comes to refresher training, the standards in some instances are very specific: workers must be re-evaluated every three years to see if they are still competent in their duties. Best practices say to apply this same rule to most types of training. A so-called “free-pass” cannot be awarded based on experience, age, or time on the job.

The extent of the evaluation is to be determined by the employer but should include a written and practical examination that prove continued competency.

Stay Informed On All Things Job Hazard Analysis

Did you know.

The top 10 workers holding the most dangerous jobs in the United States are loggers, fishers, aircraft pilots, roofers, refuse and recyclable material collectors, steelworkers, truck drivers, farmers and other agricultural workers, and extraction workers. (Source: Safety Culture ).

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, in 2018, there were 2.8 million non-fatal injuries and illnesses reported in the workplace by private industry employers (Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics ).

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Job Hazard Analysis Sets Focus on Accident Prevention

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How to Conduct a Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)

Job Hazard Analysis Frequently Asked Questions

What is a JHA?

A job hazard analysis (JHA) is a process used to identify hazards within a worksite in order to implement safety controls. These safety controls are then used to eliminate the identified hazards or reduce the risk that they will occur.

What is the difference between a JHA and a JSA?

The two terms have been interpreted in a variety of ways and often used interchangeably, and standards are somewhat unclear about whether they are different things. However when it comes down to it, a JHA includes a risk assessment while a JSA does not.

What are the steps for performing a JHA?

The first step is to select the job to be analyzed. Then, you must break that job into the steps taken to accomplish it. Next, you need to identify the potential hazards associated with each task. Finally, take the time to develop preventative measures that can be used to reduce or eliminate the hazards that you have identified.

Who is responsible for performing the JHA on the jobsite?

While this will depend on your employer, the supervisor on the jobsite is typically the one who will be responsible for the JHA process. Employees should be invited to give input and help and employers should oversee the process.

Women are less likely to die when treated by female doctors, study suggests

Hospitalized women are less likely to die or be readmitted to the hospital if they are treated by female doctors, a study published Monday in the Annals of Internal Medicine found. 

In the study of people ages 65 and older, 8.15% of women treated by female physicians died within 30 days, compared with 8.38% of women treated by male physicians. 

Although the difference between the two groups seems small, the researchers say erasing the gap could save 5,000 women’s lives each year. 

The study included nearly 800,000 male and female patients hospitalized from 2016 through 2019. All patients were covered by Medicare. For male hospitalized patients, the gender of the doctor didn’t appear to have an effect on risk of death or hospital readmission.

The data alone doesn’t explain why women fare better when treated by other women. But other studies suggest that women are less likely to experience “miscommunication, misunderstanding and bias” when treated by female doctors, said lead study author Dr. Atsushi Miyawaki, a senior assistant professor of health services research at the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine.

The new research is part of a growing field of study examining why women and minorities tend to receive worse medical care than men and white patients. For example, women and minority patients are up to 30% more likely to be misdiagnosed than white men.

“Our pain and our symptoms are often dismissed,” said Dr. Megan Ranney, dean of the Yale School of Public Health. “It may be that women physicians are more aware of that and are more empathetic.”

Research shows that women are less likely than men to receive intensive care but more likely to report having negative experiences with health care, having their concerns dismissed, and having their heart or pain symptoms ignored, the authors wrote in the new study. Male physicians are also more likely than female doctors to underestimate women’s risk of stroke .

Part of the problem, Miyawaki said, is that medical students get “limited training in women’s health issues.”

Dr. Ronald Wyatt, who is Black, said his 27-year-old daughter recently had trouble getting an accurate diagnosis for her shortness of breath. An emergency room physician told her the problem was caused by asthma. It took two more trips to the emergency room for his daughter to learn that she actually had a blood clot in her lungs, a potentially life-threatening situation.

“There is a tendency for doctors to harbor sexist stereotypes about women, regardless of age, such as the notion that women’s symptoms are more emotional or their pain is less severe or more psychological in origin,” said Wyatt, former chief science and chief medical officer at the Society to Improve Diagnosis in Medicine, a nonprofit research and advocacy group.

Women seem to experience fewer of these problems when treated by other women.

For example, a study published JAMA Surgery in 2021 found that women patients developed fewer complications if their surgeon was female. Another JAMA Surgery study published in 2023 found all patients had fewer complications and shorter hospital stays if they were operated on by female surgeons, who worked more slowly than their male counterparts.

Women primary care doctors also tend to spend more time with their patients , Ranney said. Although that extra attention is great for patients, it also means that women see fewer patients per day and earn less, on average, than male doctors.

Dr. Ashish Jha, dean of the Brown University School of Public Health, said several studies suggest that female doctors follow medical evidence and guidelines , and that their patients have better outcomes. 

“There’s lots of variation between women and men physicians,” said Jha, who was not involved in the new study. Women “tend to be better at communication, listening to patients, speaking openly. Patients report that communication is better. You put these things together, and you can understand why there are small but important differences.”

The authors of the study said it’s also possible that women are more forthcoming about sensitive issues with female physicians, allowing them to make more informed diagnoses.

That doesn’t mean that women should switch doctors, said Dr. Preeti Malani, a professor of medicine at the University of Michigan. For an individual patient, the differences in mortality and readmission rates seen in the new study are tiny.

“It would be a mistake to suggest that people need to find physicians of the same gender or race as themselves,” Jha said. “The bigger issue is that we need to understand why these differences exist.”

Malani said she’s curious about what women doctors are doing to prevent patients from needing to be readmitted soon after discharge. “How much care and thought is going into that discharge plan?” Malani asked. “Is that where women are succeeding? What can we learn about cultural humility and asking the right questions?”

Others aren’t convinced that the new study proves a physician’s gender makes a big difference.

Few hospitalized patients are treated by a single doctor, said Dr. Hardeep Singh, a professor at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston and a patient safety researcher at the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center.

Hospital patients are treated by teams of physicians, especially if they need specialist care, in addition to nurses and other professionals, Singh said.

“How often do you see the same doc every day in the hospital?” Singh asked. “The point is that it’s not a one-man or one-woman show. Outcomes are unlikely to depend on one individual, but rather on a clinical team and the local context of care. … One name may appear on your bill, but the care is team-based.”

However, Singh said his research on misdiagnoses shows that doctors in general need to do a better job listening to patients.

Jha said he’d like the health system to learn what women doctors are doing right when they treat other women, then teach all physicians to practice that way.

“We should train everyone to be better at generating trust and being worthy of trust,” Jha said.

Wyatt said the country needs to take several steps to better care for women patients, including “de-biasing training” to teach doctors to overcome stereotypes. The health care system also needs to increase the number of women physicians in leadership, recruit more female doctors and do a better job at retaining them. All physicians also need more understanding of how adverse childhood experiences affect patient health, particularly for women, he said.

“More than once I’ve had white female patients tell me they came to be because I listened and they trusted me,” Wyatt said.

Liz Szabo is an independent health and science journalist. Her work has won multiple national awards. One of her investigations led to a new state law in Virginia.

JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

Aug 14, 2014

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JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS. Example Guide. WHAT IS A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS?. A job hazard analysis (JHA), also called a job safety analysis (JSA), is a technique to identify the dangers of specific tasks in order to reduce the risk of injury to workers. Why is a JHA important?.

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• actions follow
• personal commitment
• accident investigation
• job hazard analysis
• set priorities
• close calls

Presentation Transcript

JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS Example Guide

WHAT IS A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS? • A job hazard analysis (JHA), also called a job safety analysis (JSA), is a technique to identify the dangers of specific tasks in order to reduce the risk of injury to workers.

Why is a JHA important? • Once you know what the hazards are, you can reduce or eliminate them before anyone gets hurt. • The JHA can also be used to investigate accidents and • To train workers how to do their jobs safely.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS HOW TO START ? • Involve employees • Discuss what you are going to do and why • Explain that you are studying the task, not employee performance • Involve the employees in the entire process

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS SET PRIORITIES Consider giving priority to: • jobs with the highest injury or illness rates; • jobs where there have been “close calls” – where an incident occurred but no one got hurt; • jobs where you have identified violations of OSHA standards; • jobs with the potential to cause serious injuries or illness, even if there is no history of such problems; • jobs in which one simple human mistake could lead to severe injury; • jobs that are new to your operation or have been changed; and • jobs complex enough to require written instructions.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS HOW TO DO IT • Break the job task into steps.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS HOW TO DO IT Identify the hazards of each step. For each hazard, ask: • What can go wrong? • What are the consequences? • How could it happen? • What are other contributing factors? • How likely is it that the hazard will occur?

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS Review the list of hazards with employees who do the job. Discuss what could eliminate or reduce them.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS ELIMINATE OR REDUCE HAZARDS • Safer way to do the job • Describe each step • Be specific – don’t use generalizations like “Be Careful” • Changes in equipment • Equipment changes, or engineering controls, are the first choice because they can eliminate the hazard e.g. machine guards, improved lighting, better ventilation

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS ELIMINATE OR REDUCE HAZARDS • Changes in work processes • Administrative controls, or changes in how the task is done, can be used if engineering controls aren’t possible e.g. rotating jobs, changing the steps, training • Changes in personal protective equipment • When engineering and administrative controls aren’t possible or don’t adequately protect the workers, use personal protective equipment e.g. gloves, hearing protection

Assign Actions • Accountability for carrying out actions should be clearly assigned, understood, and initialed by the respective person indicating their personal commitment and accountability for that action.

Assign Actions • It is important to assure that all members of the work team understand the actions that must be put in place to assure safety and protect the environment while the job is performed. This will assure personal accountability and allow everyone to be clear who will implement the action

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS What do I do next ? Correct the unsafe conditions and processes. • Train all employees who do the job on the changes • Make sure they understand the changes

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS What do I do next ? Review the JHAs. You may find hazards you missed before When the task or process is changed When injuries or close calls occur when doing the task

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONDUCTING A JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS What do I do next ? Use the JHAs Training Accident investigation

Should a JHA be completed each work shift on the routine task with the most hazards involved ? • Should a JHA be completed on all non-routine tasks.

Summary – JSA Training Steps • Define meaning of JSA • Benefits and why JSAs are important • Select the job to be analyzed • Prepare the JSA form • Break the job task into steps • Identify the hazards • Identify the controls • Correct unsafe conditions and processes • Assign additional needed actions/follow-ups • Review JSAs • Use JSAs for training and accident investigation

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