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AI & Tech Creativity
July 8, 2023

Large Language Models like CGPT4 Don’t Niche Down to Anything

They are the masters of all trades, specialists of none because they have to be everything to everyone.

Specificity Matters

So if you want to get specific, if you want one kind of writing as opposed to the next, then you’re going to have to do the research and find out which tool best suits your objective.

It might not be ChatGPT.

For example, MPT Storywriter is built for writing long form fiction.

It will spit out a better quality story from a great prompt much better than GPT4 can.

But the word to watch here is prompt.

The six letters suggest that what you give to ChatGPT should be short, brief, and have some flesh on the bones but not much of anything else.

That’s so far from the truth.

If you’re a small biz owner and you want the machine to spit out copy that sounds like it came from your heart and brain then you’ve got to make your inputs as detailed as possible.

Remember my philosophy ***garbage in = garbage out.***

How to get ChatGPT to sound like you

Now is there a way to get Chat GPT to sound exactly like you? Yep.

It’s called fine-tuning and it requires computational tools, skills and an understanding that is way above my pay grade.

However, I discovered a workaround that can help you.

After 8 months of trial and error, ****I’ve found that if I continue to feed ChatGPT my brand voice, my style guide , my target audience and samples of my work…

…. if I stack the prompt appropriately it will give me everything that I ask for.****

Pro Tip: Save all your Guides in Google Docs so you can have them at the ready. Such a time saver

Can ChatGPT be creative and write in your voice? Sure, but you’ve got to do the heavy lifting first.

The more specific, precise, and focused your prompt is, the more likely it’s going to give you a good output, one that sounds like you and which hasn’t been seen before.

Want an example of great prompt stacking? Here’s one that can use in a speech. Remember you have to do the heavy lifting first and give ChatGPT something other than a two sentence prompt.

THE BEST ChatGPT PROMPT YOU CAN USE IN A SPEECH

How To Get The Best Results For Your Speech With Prompt Stacking

1 . Be specific and set up your success parameters at the start.

Your openers should contain keywords, and phrases that allow any language model to identify all the relevant content in its probability matrix to accomplish what you want.

2. Be clear Use specific verbs like write, summarize, extract, rewrite, etc. to give the model clear directions.

3. Use background statements

4. Create a second prompt this is essential for longer form or even specific type of writing.

BIG NEWS: We’re Building an AI and ChatGPT Prompt Collective

We’ve been building our own ChatGPT product in secret.

It’s called The AI Prompt and ChatGPT Collective.

Think of it as a mixture of a video based ChatGPT prompt engineering course, a fun challenge & a resource library stocked with over 200 AI prompts.

The work we’re putting into this is incredible and I can’t wait to tell you more.

But for now, trust me when I say that prompt engineering is the skill you absolutely need to master. Check out the reel below to see how I’m building the Collective behind the scenes.

AI Tools & News To Note

1. SEO Core AI Use AI to analyze and improve a website’s SEO. Get advice on websites, keywords, and competitors. Analyze backlinks to identify areas for improvement and boost ranking in search engine results pages.

2. Bramework : is an AI writing assistant that helps businesses improve their website’s ranking and attract more visitors. It can find keywords, generate content briefs, perform SEO analysis, and extract SEO information.

3. Zapier: You can automate your marketing tasks with Zapier. Connect ChatGPT to over 5,000 other apps to create custom workflows.

4. Jetpack AI Assistant : a WordPress AI plug that generates and edits text directly within the WordPress Interface. Ok we’re talking about summarising blog posts, correcting grammar and translating.

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ChatGPT Cheat Sheet: A Complete Guide for 2024

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The business world has embraced ChatGPT over the last year, trying to find uses for the writing and image generation AI throughout many different industries. This cheat sheet includes answers to the most common questions about ChatGPT and its competitors.

What is ChatGPT?

ChatGPT is an AI chatbot product developed by OpenAI and built on the structure of GPT-4 . GPT stands for generative pre-trained transformer; this indicates it is a large language model that checks for the probability of what words might come next in sequence. A large language model is a deep learning algorithm — a type of transformer model in which a neural network learns context about any language pattern. That might be a spoken language or a computer programming language.

The model doesn’t “know” what it’s saying, but it does know what symbols (words) are likely to come after one another based on the data set it was trained on. The current generation of artificial intelligence chatbots, such as ChatGPT, its Google rival Bard and others, don’t really make intelligently informed decisions; instead, they’re the internet’s parrots, repeating words that are likely to be found next to one another in the course of natural speech. The underlying math is all about probability. The companies that make and use them pitch them as productivity genies, creating text in a matter of seconds that would take a person hours or days to produce.

In ChatGPT’s case, that data set is a large portion of the internet. From there, humans give feedback on the AI’s output to confirm whether the words it uses sound natural.

The public version of ChatGPT can call on current events information as recent as January 2022. ChatGPT Plus can call on current events information as recent as April 2023.

In August OpenAI launched a GPTBot, a web crawler meant to expand ChatGPT’s knowledge. Technical details and ways to keep GPTBot from crawling a website you run can both be found here .

SEE: OpenAI’s probability assessments were trained on Microsoft’s Azure AI supercomputer. (TechRepublic)

Several organizations have built this ability to answer questions into some of their software features too. Microsoft, which provides funding for OpenAI, rolled out ChatGPT in Bing search and in Microsoft 365 . Salesforce has added ChatGPT to some of its CRM platforms in the form of the Einstein digital assistant.

Who made ChatGPT?

ChatGPT was built by OpenAI, a research laboratory with both nonprofit and for-profit branches. At the time of its founding in 2015, OpenAI received funding from Amazon Web Services, InfoSys and YC Research and investors including Elon Musk and Peter Thiel. Musk has since cut ties with the company, while Microsoft provided $10 billion in funding for OpenAI in 2023.

How much does ChatGPT cost?

The base version of ChatGPT can strike up a conversation with you for free.

For $20 per month, ChatGPT Plus gives subscribers priority access in individual instances, faster response times and the chance to use new features and improvements first. For example, right now ChatGPT Plus subscribers will be running GPT-4, while anyone on the free tier will talk to GPT-3.5.

For developers and organizations who don’t already have a specific contract with OpenAI, there is a waitlist for access to the ChatGPT API.

In August 2023, OpenAI launched ChatGPT Enterprise , a subscription plan for business with more security enhancements and admin controls compared to the basic version. Organizations interested in pricing for ChatGPT Enterprise can contact OpenAI’s sales team. As of January 2024, 260 enterprise customers had signed up for ChatGPT Enterprise, according to Bloomberg .

In January 2024, OpenAI opened ChatGPT Team , a subscription which allows access to OpenAI’s larger models and a collaborative workspace. It costs $25/month per user when billed per year or $30/month per user billed monthly.

How to use ChatGPT

It’s easy to use the free version of ChatGPT. You may need to sign up for an account with OpenAI , which involves fetching a confirmation code from your email. From there, click through and provide your name and phone number.

OpenAI will warn you that the free version of ChatGPT is “a free research preview.” For the Plus version, you’ll see an “upgrade to Plus” button on the left side of the home page.

As of April 1, OpenAI started rolling out access to ChatGPT without an account .

OpenAI may use conversations with ChatGPT held without an account for AI training. There is a way to opt out of your conversations being used as training data: go to Settings and uncheck “Improve the model for everyone.”

New signups or account upgrades for ChatGPT Plus were paused on Nov. 14, 2023 and reinstated on Dec. 13, 2023. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman wrote on X (formerly Twitter): “thanks for your patience while we found more gpus.”

For businesses, ChatGPT can write and debug code, as well as create reports, presentations, emails and websites. In general, ChatGPT can draft the kind of prose you’d likely use for work (“Write an email accepting an invitation to speak at a cybersecurity conference.”). ChatGPT can answer questions (“What are similar books to [xyz]?”) as well. Microsoft showed off these features in its announcement that OpenAI is coming to Word and some other parts of the 365 business suite .

ChatGPT has historically not ‘remembered’ information from one conversation to another. However, starting on Feb. 13, free and Plus users can try out the experimental memory controls , which retain information about previous chats. Memory controls can be turned off by selecting Settings > Personalization > Memory, or by telling ChatGPT to forget.

ChatGPT Plus members can use a feature called custom instructions to make sure the AI remembers certain things about them. For example, it can remember a specific user tends to want content for a business audience, or, conversely, for third graders. It is not available in the UK and EU.

ChatGPT app for iOS

On May 18, 2023, OpenAI announced the launch of the free ChatGPT app for iOS . The company stated the app syncs your history across devices, and that it integrates with its open-source speech-recognition system Whisper. On the iOS app, OpenAI said ChatGPT Plus subscribers get exclusive access to GPT-4’s capabilities, early access to features and faster response times.

OpenAI started this rollout in the U.S. As of May 24, 2023 it expanded to 11 more countries — Albania, Croatia, France, Germany, Ireland, Jamaica, Korea, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Nigeria, and the UK, with more expected to follow.

ChatGPT app for Android

ChatGPT for Android dropped on July 25, 2023 for users in the US, India, Bangladesh, and Brazil. Android users in those countries can download the app through the Google Play Store now. Additional countries gained access over the following week, OpenAI said .

Browse with Bing

ChatGPT Plus and Enterprise subscribers can use ChatGPT to answer questions using the Bing search engine. Browsing was brought out of beta on October 17, 2023.

To access Bing in ChatGPT, subscribing customers can choose Browse with Bing in the selector under GPT-4. OpenAI expects to expand internet browsing to all users at a later date.

Browse with Bing was disabled on July 3, 2023 out of “an abundance of caution,” OpenAI wrote, and reinstated in beta on Sept. 27 of the same year. OpenAI has since added “updates include following robots.txt and identifying user agents so sites can control how ChatGPT interacts with them.”

Voice and image capabilities

On Nov. 21, 2023, ChatGPT Voice was released for all users. This feature allows users to ask questions out loud and for ChatGPT to reply in the same way.

Subscribers to ChatGPT Plus and Enterprise first reported new voice and image capabilities rolling out in late October.

ChatGPT's upcoming image interpretation capability lets the generative AI chatbot answer questions based on images from the user's phone. Image: OpenAI

ChatGPT users subscribed to the Plus and Enterprise tiers can use DALL-E 3 to generate and edit images inside of the ChatGPT chat window. As of Feb. 12, 2024, all images generated with DALL-E 3 in ChatGPT will include C2PA metadata, a watermarking standard that states the image was created by the AI models.

ChatGPT updates and OpenAI API news

OpenAI continues to update ChatGPT and its other services with developer-focused changes.

OpenAI’s bug bounty program

OpenAI started a bug bounty program on April 12, 2023, offering between $200 and $20,000 to ethical hackers who find vulnerabilities in the code. More critical vulnerabilities net larger bounties.

OpenAI isn’t looking for solutions to problems with ChatGPT’s content (e.g., the known “hallucinations”); instead, the organization wants hackers to report authentication issues, data exposure, payments issues, security issues with the plugin creation system and more. Details about the bug bounty program can be found on Bugcrowd .

Web browsing and plugins

GPTPlus users gained access to a beta version of web browsing and Plugins on the week of May 12, 2023. The beta includes web browsing mode, in which ChatGPT will sometimes access the internet to pull in information about current events.

Secondly, the beta version of ChatGPT will call on third-party plugins at the appropriate times if the user enables them. Third-party plugins can be accessed in the Plugin Store under Plugins in the model switcher. This opens ChatGPT up to more than 70 third-party plugins.

June 2023 API and pricing updates

On June 13, 2023, OpenAI added function calling to the Chat Completions API; reduced the price of their embeddings model (which helps the model interpret tokens); and reduced the price of input tokens for GPT-3.5 -turbo, one of the subscription models for the GPT 3.5 model.

With function calling, developers can describe functions to GPT-4 or GPT-3.5 turbo and the AI will return a JSON object which can call those functions. This could be used to create chatbot tools that call external plugins, convert natural language into database queries or API calls, or extract structured data from text.

Other announcements from OpenAI’s June 13, 2023 blog post include:

Updated and more steerable versions of GPT-4 and GPT-3.5-turbo.
New 16K context version of GPT-3.5-turbo compared to the standard 4Kversion.
Applications using GPT-3.5-turbo, GPT-4, and GPT-4-32K will automatically be upgraded to new models on June 27th.

Code interpreter

On July 6, 2023, OpenAI made ChatGPT’s code interpreter function available to all ChatGPT Plus users. The Code interpreter is an in-house plug-in with which ChatGPT can run code to analyze data, solve math problems, create charts, edit files, and similar tasks. It functions using a Python interpreter in a sandboxed, firewalled execution environment in a persistent session the length of the chat conversation, OpenAI said in their blog post .

Code interpreter is available in beta by taking the following steps in a ChatGPT Plus account:

Click on your name

Select beta features from your settings

Toggle on the beta features you’d like to try.

On Nov. 6, 2023, OpenAI released GPT-4 Turbo and GPTs, custom versions of ChatGPT that can be built for specific tasks, for ChatGPT Plus and Enterprise users. GPTs do not require any knowledge of coding to create; instead, users can have a natural language conversation with generative AI to create them. Developers can define custom actions for GPTs by making one or more APIs available to the GPT. Enterprise customers can share GPTs within their organizations.

OpenAI opened a marketplace for browsing and using GPTs in January.

As of January, GPTs can be used within the standard ChatGPT chat window. Users can type the @ symbol to choose a GPT.

Criticisms and security issues

With more and more organizations adopting generative AI, many questions arise. Will AI be able to fill jobs currently held by humans? What privacy and ethical concerns does it raise? These questions apply to both ChatGPT and its competitors, since any generative AI can perform similar tasks.

Will ChatGPT result in people losing jobs?

Whether ChatGPT will take jobs away from humans is impossible to predict. Goldman Sachs says in an April report that a quarter to a half of humans’ workloads could be automated with generative AI. The financial institution notes that doesn’t necessarily mean those jobs will disappear – instead, most will be “only partially exposed to automation” – and it may lead to up to a 7% increase in global GDP.

Roles that are repetitive or based on very specific rules are most likely to be able to be performed by AI, Steven Miller, professor emeritus of information systems at Singapore Management University, told CNBC .

ChatGPT could lead to new job roles being created, too. At the very least, people will be needed to prompt, train and audit AI like ChatGPT. Most likely, we’ll see the kind of shuffle that comes with any major technological shift as some jobs change and others do not.

SEE: How ChatGPT could enhance jobs instead of replacing them (TechRepublic)

Some experts refer to the current wave of AI as similar to the early days of the internet . Technological limitations still exist, and some estimations about how many jobs would be lost through automation have proven exaggerated in the past . The IEEE points out that the AI industry will need to be aware of hardware limitations and costs. Companies may not find it practical to spend enough money on AI services in order to replace a large percentage of their workforce. Paying users of ChatGPT can make a maximum of 25 GPT-4 queries every three hours, IEEE points out.

In some jobs, the AI may remove the need for a first draft, MIT labor economics professor David Autor said in an interview with CBS MoneyWatch . A human will need to tweak the output and give in a unique angle or more varied wording, but ChatGPT could write the bare bones version of a speech or a blog post.

Ethical and privacy concerns about ChatGPT

Perhaps inspired by science fiction about AI taking over the earth, some high-profile players in tech urge caution about giving AI too much free rein. On March 22, 2023, a petition and open letter signed by Elon Musk and many others urged companies to pause large AI development until more safeguards can be built in.

Ethics questions to ask when using generative AI

ChatGPT opens up questions about the ethics of using written content created by the algorithm. Posts created by AI should be clearly marked as such, but what about more casual communication such as emails? Business leaders should establish guidelines for when to be transparent about the use of ChatGPT or other AI at work.

OpenAI cautions that its products are not to be used for decisions in law enforcement or global politics . Privacy, which is perhaps a more pressing concern than global domination, led Italy to ban ChatGPT . OpenAI has since stated it wants to find a way to let ChatGPT work within the European Union’s strict privacy rules.

OpenAI’s new privacy update allows users to exclude themselves from training data

On April 25, 2023, OpenAI announced it has added a Chat History & Training setting that lets users turn off their ChatGPT chat history, preventing future versions of OpenAI’s large language models from training on those conversations. To find this option, click on your account name, which will display as your email address. Select Settings > Data Controls > Chat History & Training.

OpenAI added the Chat History & Training setting to ChatGPT in April.

As of now, if this setting is not selected, user data will be fed back into the AI to train it on producing more naturalistic and useful responses.

OpenAI filters out personally identifiable information from the training data, OpenAI told Bloomberg . As of April 2023, users can download a copy of their ChatGPT chats and see what training data they have produced. In ChatGPT Enterprise, users’ data is used to train other OpenAI products.

Copyright Shield

On Nov. 6, 2023, OpenAI announced Copyright Shield. Copyright Shield is a guarantee that if someone files legal claims around copyright infringement against content created by users of ChatGPT Enterprise or OpenAI’s developer platform, OpenAI will costs incurred.

Malicious uses of generative AI

Another potential problem comes from people using generative AI like ChatGPT to draft business email compromise messages or other cyberattacks. According to BBC News , GPTs (the ChatGPT feature that helps users build AI apps) helped BBC News create a generative pre-trained transformer for writing phishing emails.

“The public version of ChatGPT refused to create most of the [malicious] content – but Crafty Emails [the app] did nearly everything asked of it, sometimes adding disclaimers saying scam techniques were unethical,” wrote Joe Tidy at BBC News.

IBM X-Force security researchers used ChatGPT to write phishing emails . However, the phishing emails written by humans for the same test were more successful.

Training data extracted with ‘poem’ exploit

On Nov. 28, 2023, security researchers from Google DeepMind found that adversarial actors could extract training data, including personal information, from ChatGPT using a flaw based on extractable memorization. The paper, published as a PDF on arXiv , shows that the researchers could trick the chatbot into revealing its raw training data. One way to do so was to ask ChatGPT to repeat the word ‘poem’ forever. This would result in the chatbot eventually diverging from the task and generating random content, or, in some cases, generating the exact data the generative AI was trained on.

“The actual attack is kind of silly,” the researchers wrote, referring to the endless poem prompt. However, they warn that the consequences could be quite serious, with the attack circumventing ChatGPT’s privacy safeguards.

Other security concerns around ChatGPT

In December 2023, security researcher Johann Rehberger found a data exfiltration vulnerability in ChatGPT. OpenAI patched the vulnerability.

In January 2024 a ChatGPT user reported to ArsTechnica that another user’s private data appeared in his ChatGPT chat window. This was the result of a hack of the user’s account credentials, not a vulnerability in ChatGPT, OpenAI stated .

What are ChatGPT’s competitors?

ChatGPT’s primary competitors are or could be Google’s Bard , Baidu’s Ernie, DeepMind’s Sparrow and Meta’s BlenderBot .

Google’s Bard

ChatGPT’s main competitor is Bard , Google’s AI generative AI chatbot. Bard is available in Google search and other apps and services . In comparison to ChatGPT , Bard focuses more on creating prose that sounds like a human could have spoken it naturally and less on being able to answer any question. Bard is built on Google’s Language Model for Dialogue Applications.

Baidu’s Ernie

The Chinese search engine Baidu plans to add a chatbot called Ernie. Baidu announced the upcoming change on March 16, 2023, at which point the initial showing disappointed investors .

DeepMind’s Sparrow

OpenAI competes with DeepMind, an artificial intelligence research laboratory owned by Alphabet. The two organizations are significantly different in terms of their aims. DeepMind focuses more on research and has not yet come out with a public-facing chatbot. DeepMind does have Sparrow, a chatbot designed specifically to help AI communicate in a way that is “ helpful, correct and harmless .” DeepMind founder Demis Hassabis told The Independent in January that DeepMind may release a private beta version of Sparrow later in 2023.

Meta’s Llama 2 and BlenderBot

Meta released BlenderBot in August 2022. The prototype BlenderBot from the company behind Facebook focuses on being able to chat, providing short, conversational replies rather than full paragraphs.

Meta also has Llama 2 , a foundational model competitive with the GPT-4 engine behind ChatGPT.

Anthropic’s Claude 2

Claude 2 is a generative AI assistant released in July. Anthropic describes it as “a friendly, enthusiastic colleague or personal assistant who can be instructed in natural language.”

X.ai’s Grok

Elon Musk’s AI company X.ai , which includes developers with prior experience at OpenAI and DeepMind among other AI companies, released a chatbot called Grok in November. Grok was trained on the X social media platform (formerly Twitter) and “is designed to answer questions with a bit of wit and has a rebellious streak,” X.ai wrote on Nov. 4.

What about Apple?

According to The New York Times , Apple is working on leveraging the tech it has, especially Siri, to create a ChatGPT rival. More information about what the final product might look like is thin on the ground for now. At a Feb. 1 earnings call, Apple CEO Tim Cook said generative AI features may appear in Apple phones later in 2024, likely with iOS 18.

The future of AI in business

Will ChatGPT be common in online products in the future or is it a technological innovation forever in search of a greater use case? Today its “intelligence” is clearly still in the beginning stages, with OpenAI including disclaimers about inappropriate content or incorrect “hallucinations.” ChatGPT may put the words in a coherent order, but it won’t necessarily keep the facts straight.

GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 may also be getting worse at math . An August 2023 report from Stanford University and the University of California, Berkeley noted this “drift,” or gradual erosion of the ability to perform tasks like identifying prime numbers. Their theories as to why it’s happening include reduced ability to follow chain-of-thought (or, roughly, step-by-step) instructions.

In July 2023, two MIT economics graduate students conducted a study of 453 professionals. They found that people who used ChatGPT for writing tasks – such as producing press releases, short reports, or analysis plans – took 40% less time to finish their tasks than a control group that was not encouraged to use the generative AI. These professionals were then scored by their peers. On average, they received grades 18% higher than those in the control group (who did not use AI). This provides some qualitative data on the effect ChatGPT could have on white-collar work.

“Participants with weaker skills benefited the most from ChatGPT, which carries policy implications for efforts to reduce productivity inequality through AI,” wrote the authors of the study, Shakked Noy and Whitney Zhang.

Overall, Noy and Zhang maintained that widespread use of ChatGPT for writing tasks could have both positive and negative impacts in the workplace and the labor market.

Meanwhile, AI announcements that go viral can be good or bad news for investors. Microsoft’s stock price rose after the announcement of GPT-4, while Google’s stock dropped when Bard performed badly in a demonstration.

OpenAI saw visitor numbers to the ChatGPT website drop in June 2023 for the first time since its release in November 2022. According to Similarweb , worldwide unique visitors dropped 5.7% from May to June. Global desktop and mobile web traffic dropped 9.7%. ChatGPT still receives more worldwide visitors than Microsoft’s in-house AI at Bing.com. The shine may have worn off chat AI, although it’s too early to tell whether the business world will also start to cool on this trendy technology.

What’s next for OpenAI?

For now, OpenAI says it isn’t training GPT-5, the likely successor to today’s model. In a talk at MIT reported on by The Verge , Altman pushed back against the open letter – an earlier draft of which had stated that a 5th generation was on the way; primarily, he criticized the letter’s lack of technical specificity.

“We are doing other things on top of GPT-4 that I think have all sorts of safety issues that are important to address and were totally left out of the letter,” Altman said.

He said no one should expect to see a GPT-5 rollout “for some time.”

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10 powerful ChatGPT prompts for Speech Writing

Speech writing can be a formidable task, requiring the delicate balance of rhetoric, clarity, and persuasion. Whether you’re crafting a keynote address or preparing a wedding toast, the eloquence of your words determines the impact of your speech. Powered by the expertise of a senior speechwriting expert, these ChatGPT prompts are designed to streamline your creative process and elevate the quality of your speech to new heights.

Below is a list of curated ChatGPT prompts to assist you in extracting profound insights, structure, and content for your speeches:

“As a senior speechwriting expert, could you help me outline a speech on [Topic] that incorporates the latest research and resonates with an audience of [Audience Type]? The aim is to [Desired Outcome]. I’m particularly interested in a powerful opening that can grab attention immediately.”
“With your extensive experience in speech writing, what innovative ways would you suggest to interweave storytelling and factual data when talking about [Complex Topic]? How would you suggest we make the information accessible to [Audience Type] without oversimplifying the message?”
“I am tasked to write a motivational speech for [Event or Setting]. As someone with deep expertise, how should I frame the narrative to inspire action while addressing the common challenges and misconceptions about [Relevant Subject Matter]?”
“Please provide a step-by-step guide to formulate a persuasive speech about [Issue] which has to strike a balance between emotion and logic. How would you, as an expert, recommend structuring the speech to ensure it is compelling for an audience with diverse views?”
“In your comprehensive experience as a speechwriter, what are the critical components of a memorable valedictory speech for [Educational Institution], which must leave a lasting impression on both graduates and their families while reflecting on the experiences unique to [Year or Milestone]?”
“Could you create an outline for a debate speech that opposes the motion ‘[Debate Topic]’? The outline should engage [Target Audience] and use robust data while remaining respectful and forward-thinking. Your expertise in argumentation structure would be immensely valued.”
“What strategies would you recommend for writing a speech that needs to deliver a difficult message to [Audience Type] regarding [Sensitive Issue]? The goal is to be transparent, honest, yet hopeful. Please guide me through the nuances of tone and phrasing to use.”
“Given your expertise, how can I develop a keynote speech that incorporates a futuristic vision of [Industry or Field]? The speech will launch [Event or Product], and it is crucial to instill a sense of excitement and anticipation in the [Audience Type].”
“I need to draft a eulogy for a highly respected individual within [Community or Profession]. What elements are essential to highlight their legacy compassionately and meaningfully, ensuring that the speech resonates with the diverse group of attendees?”
“From your expert point of view, what is the most effective approach to revising and refining a speech on [Topic] that has already been drafted? What should I look for in terms of language, rhythm, and pacing to maximize its impact on [Audience Type]?”

Utilize these prompts to tap into the depths of ChatGPT’s text generation capabilities for speechwriting, harnessing the power of AI to produce content that is both profound and engaging. Each prompt allows you to fill in specific parameters, tailoring the request to match the unique needs and nuances of your speech.

In conclusion, with these prompts at your disposal, you are poised to transform your ideas into eloquent and impactful speeches. Let the wisdom of a senior speechwriting expert guide your pen, and watch as your words move mountains and shape minds.

How to Use ChatGPT for Speech Recognition: A Step-by-Step Guide

In recent years, speech recognition technology has made huge strides forward, allowing people to interact with computers and devices using just their voice. One of the most exciting developments in this field is the use of natural language processing (NLP) models like GPT-3 to train speech recognition models. One such model is ChatGPT, which harnesses the power of GPT-3 to produce highly accurate and reliable speech recognition.

Understanding ChatGPT and Speech Recognition

In order to truly grasp how ChatGPT can help with speech recognition, it's important to understand both of these technologies.

What is ChatGPT?

ChatGPT is an NLP (Natural Language Processing) model developed by OpenAI that is capable of generating human-like text. It consists of a transformer architecture that is trained on a huge amount of data, allowing it to generate highly coherent sentences. The model has been trained on a diverse range of texts, including books, articles, and websites, and is able to generate text on a wide range of topics.

One of the key features of ChatGPT is its ability to understand context and generate text that is relevant to the topic at hand. This makes it an ideal tool for applications such as chatbots, where it can be used to generate responses to user queries.

How does speech recognition work?

Speech recognition is the process by which computers or devices are able to recognize and interpret spoken language. It works by analyzing the sound wave of the spoken words, breaking them down into phonemes (the smallest units of sound in language), and then mapping those phonemes to words and phrases in a given language.

In order to achieve accurate speech recognition, the computer or device must be trained on a large dataset of spoken language. This dataset must include a wide range of accents, dialects, and speech patterns in order to ensure that the system is able to recognize speech from a diverse range of speakers.

Benefits of using ChatGPT for speech recognition

By harnessing the power of NLP models like ChatGPT, speech recognition technology can benefit from more accurate and reliable interpretation of spoken language. This is because ChatGPT is able to understand context and intent, allowing it to accurately interpret even complex sentences.

Furthermore, ChatGPT can be used to generate text-based responses to spoken queries, which can be particularly useful in situations where the user is unable to speak or where speech recognition is not possible. For example, a chatbot could use ChatGPT to generate responses to text-based queries, which could then be read aloud to the user.

Overall, the combination of ChatGPT and speech recognition technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we interact with computers and devices. By enabling more accurate and reliable interpretation of spoken language, these technologies can help to bridge the gap between humans and machines, making it easier for us to communicate and interact with the digital world.

Setting Up ChatGPT for Speech Recognition

Speech recognition is an exciting technology that has come a long way in recent years. With the help of ChatGPT, you can now use this technology to transcribe speech into text with remarkable accuracy. However, before you can start using ChatGPT for speech recognition, there are a few steps you need to take to get everything set up correctly.

Creating an OpenAI account

The first thing you'll need to do is create an account with OpenAI. This is a simple process that can be completed in just a few minutes. Once you have created your account, you will have access to the ChatGPT model as well as the necessary API keys to use it.

OpenAI is a leading AI research lab that is dedicated to advancing artificial intelligence in a responsible and ethical manner. By creating an account with OpenAI, you will be joining a community of developers and researchers who are working to push the boundaries of what AI can do.

Installing necessary software and libraries

Once you have your OpenAI account set up, you'll need to install the necessary software and libraries to connect to the ChatGPT API. This may vary depending on your specific use case, but generally you'll need to install a Python package like 'openai' and authenticate your API keys.

Python is a popular programming language that is widely used in the field of AI and machine learning. It is known for its simplicity and ease of use, making it a great choice for developers who are just getting started with AI.

Configuring your audio input device

In order to use ChatGPT for speech recognition, you'll also need to configure your audio input device. This may mean ensuring that your microphone is connected and recognized by your computer, or configuring the settings for a specific microphone or other audio input device.

There are many different types of microphones and audio input devices available, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. Some are designed for use in noisy environments, while others are better suited for recording high-quality audio in a quiet room. Whatever type of device you are using, it is important to ensure that it is properly configured so that ChatGPT can accurately transcribe your speech.

Overall, setting up ChatGPT for speech recognition is a fairly straightforward process that can be completed in just a few steps. With the right tools and a little bit of know-how, you can start using this powerful technology to transcribe speech into text with remarkable accuracy.

Training ChatGPT for Speech Recognition

Speech recognition has been an area of active research for decades. It has made significant strides in recent years with the advent of deep learning and neural networks. One of the most promising approaches to speech recognition is using a language model called ChatGPT.

ChatGPT is a state-of-the-art natural language processing model that can be fine-tuned for a variety of tasks, including speech recognition. Fine-tuning ChatGPT for speech recognition involves training it on a large corpus of speech data and then evaluating its performance on test data.

Preparing your training data

The first step in training your ChatGPT model is to gather and prepare your training data. This may involve collecting a large corpus of text or speech data that is representative of the language you want to recognize. The quality and quantity of your training data can significantly impact the performance of your model. Therefore, it's crucial to ensure that your training data is diverse, balanced, and representative of the language you want to recognize.

One of the most significant challenges in preparing training data for speech recognition is dealing with noise. Speech data is often contaminated with background noise, which can make it challenging to recognize speech accurately. Therefore, it's essential to preprocess your training data by removing noise and enhancing the speech signal.

Fine-tuning ChatGPT with your data

Once you have your training data prepared, you can start fine-tuning ChatGPT to recognize speech in your specific domain. This involves training the model on your data using a technique called transfer learning, where the model is already pre-trained with a vast amount of data and only needs to be fine-tuned on the specific problem in question.

Transfer learning is a powerful technique that can significantly reduce the amount of training data required to train a model. It allows you to leverage the knowledge learned by the model on a large corpus of data and apply it to your specific problem. Fine-tuning ChatGPT with your data involves adjusting the model's architecture and hyperparameters to optimize its performance on your specific task.

Evaluating the model's performance

After the model has been fine-tuned, it's important to evaluate its performance and make any necessary adjustments. This involves testing the model with sample input and analyzing its output to determine its accuracy and reliability. The most commonly used metrics for evaluating speech recognition systems are word error rate (WER) and sentence error rate (SER).

WER measures the percentage of words that are incorrectly recognized by the system, while SER measures the percentage of sentences that are incorrectly recognized. It's essential to evaluate the model's performance on both metrics to ensure that it's accurate and reliable.

In conclusion, training ChatGPT for speech recognition is a complex and challenging task that requires a significant amount of data and expertise. However, with the right approach and tools, it's possible to build highly accurate and reliable speech recognition systems that can be used in a variety of applications, including virtual assistants, voice-controlled devices, and speech-to-text transcription systems.

Implementing ChatGPT in Real-Time Applications

Once your ChatGPT model is trained and performing well, you can start implementing it in real-time applications.

Integrating ChatGPT with voice assistants

One of the most exciting applications of ChatGPT for speech recognition is in voice assistants like Siri or Alexa. By integrating ChatGPT into these systems, voice assistants can become even more accurate and useful for users.

Using ChatGPT for transcription services

Another potential real-time application for ChatGPT is in transcription services. By transcribing live speech in real-time, ChatGPT can help make transcription services faster and more reliable for users.

Developing custom speech recognition applications

Finally, ChatGPT can be used to develop custom speech recognition applications for a wide range of industries and use cases. By fine-tuning the model to recognize specific language or jargon, organizations can streamline their workflow and reduce errors.

Speech recognition technology is changing the way we interact with computers and devices, and NLP models like ChatGPT are leading the charge towards more accurate and reliable speech recognition. By following these steps and utilizing ChatGPT for your speech recognition needs, you can take advantage of this exciting technology and stay ahead of the curve.

Take your idea to the next level with expert prompts.

How to use ChatGPT for writing

AI can make you a better writer, if you know how to get the best from it

a bunch of cute robots helping a sitting man to write

Summarizing other works

Worldbuilding, creating outlines, building characters, how to improve your chatgpt responses.

ChatGPT has taken the world by storm in a very short period of time, as users continue to test the boundaries of what the AI chatbot can accomplish. And so far, that's a lot.

Some of it is negative, of course: for instance Samsung workers accidentally leaking top-secret data while using ChatGPT , or the AI chatbot being used for malware scams . Plagiarism is also rampant, with the use of ChatGPT for writing college essays a potential problem.

However, while ChatGPT can and has been used for wrongdoing, to the point where the Future of Life Institution released an open letter calling for the temporary halt of OpenAI system work , AI isn’t all bad. Far from it.

For a start, anyone who writes something may well have used AI to enhance their work already. The most common applications, of course, are the grammar and spelling correction tools found in everything from email applications to word processors. But there are a growing number of other examples of how AI can be used for writing. So, how do you bridge the gap between using AI as the tool it is, without crossing over into plagiarism city?

In fact, there are many ways ChatGPT can be used to enhance your skills, particularly when it comes to researching, developing, and organizing ideas and information for creative writing. By using AI as it was intended - as a tool, not a crutch - it can enrich your writing in ways that help to better your craft, without resorting to it doing everything for you.

Below, we've listed some of our favorite ways to use ChatGPT and similar AI chatbots for writing.

A key part of any writing task is the research, and thanks to the internet that chore has never been easier to accomplish. However, while finding the general sources you need is far less time-consuming than it once was, actually parsing all that information is still the same slog it’s always been. But this is where ChatGPT comes in. You can use the AI bot to do the manual labor for you and then reap the benefits of having tons of data to use for your work.

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The steps are slightly different, depending on whether you want an article or book summarized .

For the article, there are two ways to have ChatGPT summarize it. The first requires you to type in the words ‘TLDR:’ and then paste the article’s URL next to it. The second method is a bit more tedious, but increases the accuracy of your summary. For that, you’ll need to copy and paste the article itself into the prompt .

Summarizing a book is much easier, as long as it was published before 2021. Simply type into the prompt ‘summarize [book title]’ and it should do the rest for you.

This should go without saying, but for any articles or books, make sure you read the source material first before using any information presented to you. While ChatGPT is an incredibly useful tool that can create resources meant for future reference, it’s not a perfect one and is subject to accidentally inserting misinformation into anything it gives you.

screenshot of a conversation with chatgpt

One of the most extensive and important tasks when crafting your creative work is to properly flesh out the world your characters occupy. Even for works set in a regular modern setting, it can take plenty of effort to research the various cultures, landmarks, languages, and neighborhoods your characters live in and encounter.

Now, imagine stories that require their own unique setting, and how much more work that entails in terms of creating those same details from scratch. While it’s vital that the main ideas come from you, using ChatGPT can be a great way to streamline the process, especially with more tedious details.

For instance, if you need certain fictional words without wanting to create an entirely fictional language, you can prompt ChatGPT with the following : “Create a language including an alphabet, phonetics, grammar, and the most common 100 words. Base it on [insert real-life languages here]” and it will give you some good starting points. However, it’s imperative that you take these words and look them up, to ensure you aren’t appropriating sensitive terms or using offensive real-life words.

Another example is useful for those who write scenarios for games, especially tabletop games such as Dungeons & Dragons or Call of Cthulhu . Dungeon Masters (who run the games) may often need to create documents or other fake materials for their world, but doing so takes a lot of time and effort. Now, they can prompt ChatGPT to quickly create filler text that sounds interesting or authentic but is inherently useless; it's essentially like ' Lorem Ipsum ' text, but more immersive.

When writing a story, many people will use an outline to ensure they stay on track and that the narrative flows well. But actually sitting down and organizing everything in your head in order to create a cohesive reference is a lot more daunting than it seems. It’s one of those steps that can be crucial to a well-structured work of fiction, but it can also become a hurdle. This is another area where ChatGPT can come in handy.

The key to writing an effective outline is remembering that you don’t need to have all the answers first. It’s there to structure your content, by helping you hit critical points and not miss important details in the process. While there are AI generators with a more specific focus on this topic, ChatGPT will do a good job at taking a general prompt and returning points for you to keep in mind while you research and write around that topic.

For instance, I prompted ChatGPT with “I want to write a story about a black woman in 16th century England” and it gave me a well-thought-out series of steps to help me create a story that would reflect my topic. An outline such as this would be particularly useful for those needing a resource they can quickly turn to for inspiration when writing. After that, you can begin to develop more complex ideas and have the AI organize those specifics into much easier-to-follow steps.

What makes any great story are the characters that inhabit it. Writing strong, fleshed-out characters is the cornerstone of any creative work and, naturally, the process of creating such a character can be difficult. Their background, manner of speech, goals, dreams, look, and more must be carefully considered and planned out. And this is another aspect of writing that ChatGPT can aid with, if you know how to go about it.

A basic way to use ChatGPT in this regard is to have it generate possible characters that could populate whatever setting you’re writing for. For example, I prompted it with “Provide some ideas for characters set in 1920s Harlem” and it gave me a full list of people with varied and distinctive backstories to use as a jumping-off point. Each character is described with a single sentence, enough to help start the process of creating them, but still leaving the crux of developing them up to me.

One of the most interesting features of ChatGPT is that you can flat-out roleplay with a character, whether they're a historical figure or one that you created but need help fleshing out. Take that same character you just created and have a conversation with them by asking them questions on their history, family life, profession, etc. Based on my previous results, I prompted with “Pretend to be a jazz musician from 1920s Harlem. Let's have a conversation.” I then asked questions from there, basing them on prior answers. Of course, from there you need to parse through these responses to filter out unnecessary or inaccurate details, while fleshing out what works for your story, but it does provide you with a useful stepping stone.

a hand open with the words chatgpt and ai hovering

If you’re having issues getting the results you want, the problem could be with how you’re phrasing those questions or prompts in the first place. We've got a full guide to how to improve your ChatGPT prompts and responses , but here are a few of the best options:

Specify the direction you want the AI to go, by adding in relevant details
Prompt from a specific role to guide the responses in the proper direction
Make sure your prompts are free of typos and grammatical errors
Keep your tone conversational, as that’s how ChatGPT was built
Learn from yours and its mistakes to make it a better tool
Break up your conversations into 500 words or less, as that’s when the AI begins to break down and go off topic
If you need something clarified, ask the AI based on its last response
Ask it to cite sources and then check those sources
Sometimes it’s best to start fresh with a brand new conversation

Of course, many of the above suggestions apply not just to ChatGPT but also to the other chatbots springing up in its wake. Check out our list of the best ChatGPT alternatives and see which one works best for you.

Named by the CTA as a CES 2023 Media Trailblazer, Allisa is a Computing Staff Writer who covers breaking news and rumors in the computing industry, as well as reviews, hands-on previews, featured articles, and the latest deals and trends. In her spare time you can find her chatting it up on her two podcasts, Megaten Marathon and Combo Chain, as well as playing any JRPGs she can get her hands on.

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how to use chatgpt to write a speech

Title: How to Use ChatGPT to Write a Speech

In today’s digital age, artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the way we create content, communicate, and engage with our audiences. One such AI tool is ChatGPT, a powerful language model developed by OpenAI that can generate human-like text based on the input it receives. Using ChatGPT to write a speech can help individuals and professionals craft compelling, impactful, and persuasive messages. In this article, we will explore how to leverage ChatGPT effectively to create a speech that resonates with your audience.

Understanding ChatGPT

Before delving into the process of using ChatGPT to write a speech, it’s essential to understand the capabilities and limitations of this AI tool. ChatGPT is based on the GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3) architecture, which has been trained on a diverse range of internet text. This training enables ChatGPT to understand and generate human-like language in response to prompts provided by the user.

Step 1: Define Your Speech’s Purpose and Audience

Before using ChatGPT, it’s crucial to have a clear understanding of the purpose of your speech and the audience you are addressing. Whether you are delivering a persuasive presentation, an informative lecture, or an inspiring talk, consider the key message you want to convey and the emotions you want to evoke in your audience.

Step 2: Generate Prompts for ChatGPT

Once you have a clear sense of your speech’s purpose and audience, you can begin generating prompts for ChatGPT. Prompts are the input text that you provide to ChatGPT to guide its output. For example, if you are crafting a speech on the importance of environmental conservation, your prompt might be, “I am delivering a speech on the importance of environmental conservation. I want to highlight the impact of human activities on the planet and inspire my audience to take action.”

Step 3: Refine and Edit ChatGPT’s Output

Upon receiving the generated text from ChatGPT, it’s important to review and refine the content to align with your speech’s intended message and tone. While ChatGPT can produce impressive language, it is essential to ensure that the output is cohesive, logical, and tailored to your specific speech requirements. You may need to edit the text, rephrase certain sections, and incorporate additional information that ChatGPT may have omitted.

Step 4: Add Personal Touches and Authenticity

While ChatGPT can assist in generating speech content, it’s crucial to infuse your own personality, experiences, and insights into the final draft. Adding personal anecdotes, relevant examples, and genuine emotions will help humanize the speech and establish a connection with your audience.

Step 5: Practice Delivery and Rehearse

Once you have constructed the speech with the assistance of ChatGPT, it’s important to practice and rehearse the delivery. Familiarize yourself with the content, internalize the key points, and consider how you can use intonation, body language, and pacing to enhance the impact of your words.

In conclusion, utilizing ChatGPT to write a speech can be a valuable tool for individuals seeking to craft compelling messages that resonate with their audiences. By carefully defining the speech’s purpose and audience, generating effective prompts, refining ChatGPT’s output, adding personal touches, and practicing the delivery, one can harness the capabilities of AI to create impactful and persuasive speeches. As AI continues to advance, leveraging tools like ChatGPT can complement and enhance the creativity and effectiveness of human communication.

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I am an AI researcher, specializing in providing AI-related tools, news, and solutions, including OpenAI and ChatGPT.

how to use chatgpt to write a song

How to use chatgpt to write a story.

How to Use ChatGPT To Write A Speech That Impresses

Chatgpt prompts for speech writing.

The Essence of Engaging Speeches Engaging speeches have the power to captivate an audience, evoke emotions, and leave a lasting impression.

Engaging speeches are the linchpin of successful events, adding warmth and humor to the occasion, fostering connections, and generating unforgettable memories.

ChatGPT not only aids in overcoming writer’s block but also provides inspiration, creativity, and a helping hand in turning ideas into words.

But How to Use ChatGPT To Write A Speech? Isn’t ChatGPT generated content bland and pretentious? It can be but there is a way around.

By the end of this blog post, you’ll have a deeper understanding of how you can use ChatGPT to improve your speechwriting game, allowing you to craft speeches that touch hearts, evoke laughter, and create cherished memories.

Step By Step Guide To Write A Speech With ChatGPT

In the following paragraphs we will look into all the key ingredients of a killer speech and how can ChatGPT help us in being a better public speaker.

Writing an Engaging introduction

Introduction is the opportunity to make a strong first impression, capture the audience’s attention, and set the stage for what’s to come. The goal is to pique the audience’s curiosity, generate interest, and create a connection with your message.

Here’s an elaboration on various ways to craft an engaging introduction and some sample Chat GPT prompts that can be used in the openings:

Start with a Hook : A hook is a compelling statement or question that grabs the audience’s attention right from the beginning. Public speakers use it all the time.

“Create a captivating hook for a speech about climate change and its impact on future generations.”

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Unleash Creativity by Converting ChatGPT Text to Speech

We’ve all been down that road, haven’t we? Staring at a blank screen, wrestling with writer’s block, struggling to pen down each word painstakingly, and attempting to grasp the elusive art of engaging storytelling.

The challenges of writing a script, particularly for text to speech systems, are many how do we ensure that the script flows smoothly when spoken by an AI voice ? Will it capture the right tone and maintain the listener’s interest? Crafting such a script requires not only writing skills but also a deep understanding of voice modulation, pacing, and emotion a feat that often eludes even seasoned writers.

Thankfully, you no longer need to grapple with the complexities of scriptwriting. Enter ChatGPT , a powerhouse for creating scripts for any kind of content . With ChatGPT, you can simply provide your vision and instructions, and the mighty tool weaves your idea into a captivating script in seconds.

Further, ChatGPT also considers elements like tone, pacing, and emotion, so your script flows naturally when voiced. Once the script is ready, feed it into your desired text to speech software, and voila, your written words are brought to life through lifelike speech.

So whether you’re a content creator, podcaster, or someone who wants to voice their creations, ChatGPT is just the companion you need to captivate your audience in ways you never thought possible.

ChatGPT offers an invaluable advantage in terms of scalability for video creators by simplifying the scriptwriting process. You can effortlessly generate multiple scripts using this AI language model. It not only saves time but also ensures consistency in the tone and style of your content. With ChatGPT, you can also create varied and multilingual versions of a script. These scripts can be seamlessly used in TTS tools, allowing you to generate voiceovers for your videos at scale.

Provide your instructions and prompts, chatgpt gets to work, review and refine, text to speech conversion, tailor-made voices, wide use cases, enhanced engagement, expand your reach, multilingual projects, language learning and accessibility, steps to convert chatgpt scripts into speech using murf , how to generate content through chatgpt.

Creating a voiceover script is a breeze with ChatGPT. Here’s how you can use this powerful tool to create the initial draft in minutes:

Don’t have a script? ChatGPT will write it for you! Just tell ChatGPT what you want. Define the purpose and content of the voiceover script as well as the tone, style, and target audience.

For example, you can say, “Create a script for a cooking show,” or “Generate a blog post about travel tips.” Make your prompts and instructions as clear and specific as possible. You can also use voice commands on ChatGPT’s paid version.

Once you provide your instructions and prompts, Chat GPT gets to work. It will generate a draft based on what you’ve asked for.

Take a moment to review the generated content. You can edit and refine it to match your exact needs. Correct any grammatical errors or awkward phrasing. Ensure the script aligns with your objectives, maintains a consistent tone, and is clear and concise.

Now that our script is ready, you can easily convert it into realistic speech using any text to speech tool like Murf AI. You can select from various AI voices in different languages and accents to make it sound the way you want.

Murf for Natural Sounding Text to Speech Conversions

Among the many text to speech technology available in today’s market, Murf stands out as a powerful and versatile tool, ready to transform your ChatGPT content into spoken words. Murf makes the conversion process seamless with a wide selection of 100% natural-sounding AI voices and an array of features.

Let’s delve into the key features that make Murf a game-changer for ChatGPT text to speech conversion:

Wide Array of Realistic, Natural Voices

One of the standout features of Murf is its extensive selection of 120+ realistic, natural voices. Murf’s AI voices are incredibly human-like and quality-checked across dozens of parameters. Most people can’t even tell the difference!

Further, you can choose from diverse male and female voices, each with unique characteristics, accents, and tones. This feature alone revolutionizes content generation in several ways:

Murf allows you to match the voice to your content. Need a friendly, approachable tone for a children’s story? Or perhaps a professional, authoritative voice type for a business presentation? Murf has it covered.

Murf offers a broad spectrum of voices to cater to a multitude of use cases. Whether you’re in the realm of creativity, corporate communication, or entertainment, there’s a voice in Murf tailored to your specific needs. From narrating audiobooks to creating engaging advertisements, Murf’s versatile AI voices are your creative palette.

A variety of voices keeps your audience engaged. It adds depth and personality to your content, making it more relatable and enjoyable.

Multilingual Capabilities

Murf doesn’t stop at English; it’s a global player in the TTS game. It can generate speech in 20+ major languages, including German , French, Italian, Russian, Hindi, Arabic, Chinese, Korean, and many more. Some significant languages, like English, Spanish, and Portuguese, also support multiple accents.

Here’s why this multilingual capability is a game-changer:

In today’s interconnected world, reaching a global audience is key. Murf allows you to break language barriers, ensuring your content reaches diverse markets and communities.

If your project requires content in multiple languages, Murf simplifies the process. You can seamlessly create voiceover content in various languages , maintaining consistency and quality.

For language learning apps or accessibility features, Murf opens doors to enhanced learning experiences.

But that’s not all! Murf AI goes beyond being just a text to speech synthesis tool. It empowers you to create flawless voiceovers with a range of voice control and customization features. Take charge of your narration with control over pitch, pause, and pronunciation. With the ‘ Emphasis ’ feature, you can infuse extra life into your voiceover by highlighting specific syllables, words, or phrases.

Want to convey emotions or emphasize key points? Murf’s ‘pitch’ functionality allows you to do just that, drawing your audience’s attention where it matters most. Additionally, the ‘pause’ feature lets you strategically insert breaks of varying lengths to give your listeners’ attention a moment to rest and prepare for the next message.

Using Murf, you can convert text into synthesized speech in six easy steps:

Step 1: Use ChatGPT to create compelling scripts for TTS conversion.

Step 2: Copy and paste your ChatGPT script or upload it to the Muf Studio.

Step 3: Select an AI voice of choice from Murf’s extensive collection of 120+ AI voices in 20+ languages and accents.

Step 4: Fine-tune your voiceover using customization features like pitch, pause, speed, and more. You can even include images or videos to your narration by simply uploading the required media in the Studio editor and syncing them to your voiceover.

Step 5: Add background music to your voiceover. You can choose from Murf’s royalty-free library of 8000+ background music and sound clips.

Step 6: Click the play button and watch your voiceover come to life! Download or export your voiceover as an audio file or in video formats.

Murf simplifies TTS conversion with a user-friendly interface and seamless integration. Designed for simplicity, it effortlessly converts ChatGPT-generated text into speech.

Whether you’re a content creator, developer, or business owner, Murf offers easy integration into your website, app, or workflow. Plus, it provides real-time feedback for previewing content in different voices and languages.

Explore Murf: Your Gateway to Dynamic Voiceovers

Creating captivating voiceovers from your text has never been simpler. Murf’s user-friendly interface and diverse voice options make the process simple and enjoyable. Whether you’re working on creative projects, corporate communications , or entertainment, Murf has the perfect voice for every scenario.

And if you’ve been using ChatGPT to generate your text content, pairing it with Murf is a match made in content creation heaven. You can seamlessly turn your ChatGPT-generated text into engaging speech with just a few clicks.

The best part? You can try Murf for free with its enticing free trial. So, why wait? Unleash the power of Murf to bring your words to life effortlessly. Start your voiceover journey with Murf today and take your content to the next level!

How can ChatGPT-generated content be converted into speech?

To convert ChatGPT-generated content to audio with Murf:

Simply export the text from ChatGPT.

Paste it into Murf’s user-friendly interface.

Select your preferred voice, customize settings, and click ‘convert.’

Murf transforms your text into lifelike speech, allowing you to create engaging voiceovers effortlessly.

Is Murf’s voice generation compatible with various applications?

Murf’s voice generation is highly compatible with a range of applications. You can seamlessly integrate Murf’s generated voices into websites, mobile apps, videos, e-learning platforms, and more. Its versatility enhances user experiences across the board.

Can I customize the voices generated by Murf to suit my content?

Indeed, Murf text to speech empowers users with comprehensive voice customization options. You can adjust the speed and pitch and add strategic pauses for a personalized touch. Emphasis features let you highlight specific elements, and pronunciation adjustments ensure your content sounds just right. Murf ensures your voiceovers align perfectly with your content vision.

Are there any limitations to the text length for voice generation?

Each text block of Murf has a limit of 1000 characters. Once that limit is crossed, you can add a new text block using the ‘+’ button. So, while Murf doesn’t have strict length limits, extremely lengthy texts may affect processing time.

You should also read:

10 Best Free Text to Speech Software of 2024

8 Essential Features Every Good Text to Speech Software Must Have

The Art of Text to Speech Emphasis

AI Speech Writer

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Deliver a keynote address: Create an inspiring and memorable speech for conferences or events.
Present a persuasive argument: Develop a compelling speech that effectively communicates your point of view.
Teach or inform an audience: Craft an informative speech that engages listeners and helps them understand complex topics.
Accept an award or honor: Write a heartfelt and gracious speech to express gratitude and share your journey.
Commemorate special occasions: Generate a touching and memorable speech for weddings, anniversaries, or other celebrations.

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ChatGPT for Beginners pp 259–275 Cite as

Writing a Speech

Eric Sarrion 2
First Online: 09 December 2023

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Let’s now learn how to use ChatGPT to write impactful and inspiring speeches. In this chapter, we will explore how ChatGPT can be a valuable tool to help you create memorable speeches for various occasions.

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ChatGPT: A Change in How You Use It, and Everything Else to Know

I n late 2022, OpenAI wowed the world when it introduced ChatGPT and showed us a chatbot with an entirely new level of power, breadth and usefulness, thanks to the generative AI technology behind it. Since then, ChatGPT has continued to evolve, including its most recent development: easy access for everyone.

ChatGPT and generative AI aren't a surprise anymore, but keeping track of what they can do can be a challenge as new abilities arrive. Most notably, OpenAI now lets anyone write custom AI apps called GPTs and share them on its own app store, while on a smaller scale ChatGPT can now speak its responses to you. OpenAI has been leading the generative AI charge , but it's hotly pursued by Microsoft, Google and startups far and wide.

Generative AI still hasn't shaken a core problem -- it makes up information that sounds plausible but isn't necessarily correct. But there's no denying AI has fired the imaginations of computer scientists, loosened the purse strings of venture capitalists and caught the attention of everyone from teachers to doctors to artists and more, all wondering how AI will change their work and their lives.

If you're trying to get a handle on ChatGPT, this FAQ is for you. Here's a look at what's up.

What is ChatGPT?

ChatGPT is an online chatbot that responds to "prompts" -- text requests that you type. ChatGPT has countless uses . You can request relationship advice, a summarized history of punk rock or an explanation of the ocean's tides. It's particularly good at writing software, and it can also handle some other technical tasks, like creating 3D models .

ChatGPT is called a generative AI because it generates these responses on its own. But it can also display more overtly creative output like screenplays, poetry, jokes and student essays. That's one of the abilities that really caught people's attention.

Much of AI has been focused on specific tasks, but ChatGPT is a general-purpose tool. This puts it more into a category like a search engine.

That breadth makes it powerful but also hard to fully control. OpenAI has many mechanisms in place to try to screen out abuse and other problems, but there's an active cat-and-mouse game afoot by researchers and others who try to get ChatGPT to do things like offer bomb-making recipes.

ChatGPT really blew people's minds when it began passing tests. For example, AnsibleHealth researchers reported in 2023 that " ChatGPT performed at or near the passing threshold " for the United States Medical Licensing Exam, suggesting that AI chatbots "may have the potential to assist with medical education, and potentially, clinical decision-making."

We're a long way from fully fledged doctor-bots you can trust, but the computing industry is investing billions of dollars to solve the problems and expand AI into new domains like visual data too. OpenAI is among those at the vanguard. So strap in, because the AI journey is going to be a sometimes terrifying, sometimes exciting thrill.

What's ChatGPT's origin?

Artificial intelligence algorithms had been ticking away for years before ChatGPT arrived. These systems were a big departure from traditional programming, which follows a rigid if-this-then-that approach. AI, in contrast, is trained to spot patterns in complex real-world data. AI has been busy for more than a decade screening out spam, identifying our friends in photos, recommending videos and translating our Alexa voice commands into computerese.

A Google technology called transformers helped propel AI to a new level, leading to a type of AI called a large language model, or LLM. These AIs are trained on enormous quantities of text, including material like books, blog posts, forum comments and news articles. The training process internalizes the relationships between words, letting chatbots process input text and then generate what it believes to be appropriate output text.

A second phase of building an LLM is called reinforcement learning through human feedback, or RLHF. That's when people review the chatbot's responses and steer it toward good answers or away from bad ones. That significantly alters the tool's behavior and is one important mechanism for trying to stop abuse.

OpenAI's LLM is called GPT, which stands for "generative pretrained transformer." Training a new model is expensive and time consuming, typically taking weeks and requiring a data center packed with thousands of expensive AI acceleration processors. OpenAI's latest LLM is called GPT-4 Turbo . Other LLMs include Google's Gemini (formerly called Bard), Anthropic's Claude and Meta's Llama .

ChatGPT is an interface that lets you easily prompt GPT for responses. When it arrived as a free tool in November 2022, its use exploded far beyond what OpenAI expected.

When OpenAI launched ChatGPT, the company didn't even see it as a product. It was supposed to be a mere "research preview," a test that could draw some feedback from a broader audience, said ChatGPT product leader Nick Turley. Instead, it went viral, and OpenAI scrambled to just keep the service up and running under the demand.

"It was surreal," Turley said. "There was something about that release that just struck a nerve with folks in a way that we certainly did not expect. I remember distinctly coming back the day after we launched and looking at dashboards and thinking, something's broken, this couldn't be real, because we really didn't make a very big deal out of this launch."

How do I use ChatGPT?

The ChatGPT website is the most obvious method. Open it up, select the LLM version you want from the drop-down menu in the upper left corner, and type in a query.

As of April 1, OpenAI is allowing consumers to use ChatGPT without first signing up for an account. According to a blog post , the move was meant to make the tool more accessible. OpenAI also said in the post that as part of the move, it's introducing added content safeguards, blocking prompts in a wider range of categories.

However, users with accounts will be able to do more with the tool, such as save and review their history, share conversations and tap into features like voice conversations and custom instructions.

OpenAI in 2023 released a ChatGPT app for iPhones and for Android phones . In February, ChatGPT for Apple Vision Pro arrived , too, adding the chatbot's abilities to the "spatial computing" headset. Be careful to look for the genuine article, because other developers can create their own chatbot apps that link to OpenAI's GPT.

In January, OpenAI opened its GPT Store , a collection of custom AI apps that focus ChatGPT's all-purpose design to specific jobs. A lot more on that later, but in addition to finding them through the store you can invoke them with the @ symbol in a prompt, the way you might tag a friend on Instagram.

Microsoft uses GPT for its Bing search engine, which means you can also try out ChatGPT there.

ChatGPT is sprouting up in various hardware devices, including Volkswagen EVs , Humane's voice-controlled AI pin and the squarish Rabbit R1 device .

How much does ChatGPT cost?

It's free, though you have to set up an account to take advantage of all of its features.

For more capability, there's also a subscription called ChatGPT Plus that costs $20 per month that offers a variety of advantages: It responds faster, particularly during busy times when the free version is slow or sometimes tells you to try again later. It also offers access to newer AI models, including GPT-4 . The free ChatGPT uses the older GPT-3.5, which doesn't do as well on OpenAI's benchmark tests but which is faster to respond. The newest variation, GPT-4 Turbo, arrived in late 2023 with more up-to-date responses and an ability to ingest and output larger blocks of text.

ChatGPT is growing beyond its language roots. With ChatGPT Plus, you can upload images, for example, to ask what type of mushroom is in a photo.

Perhaps most importantly, ChatGPT Plus lets you use GPTs.

What are these GPTs?

GPTs are custom versions of ChatGPT from OpenAI, its business partners and thousands of third-party developers who created their own GPTs.

Sometimes when people encounter ChatGPT, they don't know where to start. OpenAI calls it the "empty box problem." Discovering that led the company to find a way to narrow down the choices, Turley said.

"People really benefit from the packaging of a use case -- here's a very specific thing that I can do with ChatGPT," like travel planning, cooking help or an interactive, step-by-step tool to build a website, Turley said.

Think of GPTs as OpenAI trying to make the general-purpose power of ChatGPT more refined the same way smartphones have a wealth of specific tools. (And think of GPTs as OpenAI's attempt to take control over how we find, use and pay for these apps, much like Apple has a commanding role over iPhones through its App Store.)

What GPTs are available now?

OpenAI's GPT store now offers millions of GPTs , though as with smartphone apps, you'll probably not be interested in most of them. A range of GPT custom apps are available, including AllTrails personal trail recommendations , a Khan Academy programming tutor , a Canva design tool , a book recommender , a fitness trainer , the laundry buddy clothes washing label decoder, a music theory instructor , a haiku writer and the Pearl for Pets for vet advice bot .

One person excited by GPTs is Daniel Kivatinos, co-founder of financial services company JustPaid . His team is building a GPT designed to take a spreadsheet of financial data as input and then let executives ask questions. How fast is a startup going through the money investors gave it? Why did that employee just file a $6,000 travel expense?

JustPaid hopes that GPTs will eventually be powerful enough to accept connections to bank accounts and financial software, which would mean a more powerful tool. For now, the developers are focusing on guardrails to avoid problems like hallucinations -- those answers that sound plausible but are actually wrong -- or making sure the GPT is answering based on the users' data, not on some general information in its AI model, Kivatinos said.

Anyone can create a GPT, at least in principle. OpenAI's GPT editor walks you through the process with a series of prompts. Just like the regular ChatGPT, your ability to craft the right prompt will generate better results.

Another notable difference from regular ChatGPT: GPTs let you upload extra data that's relevant to your particular GPT, like a collection of essays or a writing style guide.

Some of the GPTs draw on OpenAI's Dall-E tool for turning text into images, which can be useful and entertaining. For example, there is a coloring book picture creator , a logo generator and a tool that turns text prompts into diagrams like company org charts. OpenAI calls Dall-E a GPT.

How up to date is ChatGPT?

Not very, and that can be a problem. For example, a Bing search using ChatGPT to process results said OpenAI hadn't yet released its ChatGPT Android app. Search results from traditional search engines can help to "ground" AI results, and indeed that's part of the Microsoft-OpenAI partnership that can tweak ChatGPT Plus results.

GPT-4 Turbo, announced in November, is trained on data up through April 2023. But it's nothing like a search engine whose bots crawl news sites many times a day for the latest information.

Can you trust ChatGPT responses?

Sadly, no. Well, sometimes, sure, but you need to be wary.

Large language models work by stringing words together, one after another, based on what's probable each step of the way. But it turns out that LLM's generative AI works better and sounds more natural with a little spice of randomness added to the word selection recipe. That's the basic statistical nature that underlies the criticism that LLMs are mere "stochastic parrots" rather than sophisticated systems that in some way understand the world's complexity.

The result of this system, combined with the steering influence of the human training, is an AI that produces results that sound plausible but that aren't necessarily true. ChatGPT does better with information that's well represented in training data and undisputed -- for instance, red traffic signals mean stop, Plato was a philosopher who wrote the Allegory of the Cave , an Alaskan earthquake in 1964 was the largest in US history at magnitude 9.2.

When facts are more sparsely documented, controversial or off the beaten track of human knowledge, LLMs don't work as well. Unfortunately, they sometimes produce incorrect answers with a convincing, authoritative voice. That's what tripped up a lawyer who used ChatGPT to bolster his legal case only to be reprimanded when it emerged he used ChatGPT fabricated some cases that appeared to support his arguments. "I did not comprehend that ChatGPT could fabricate cases ," he said, according to The New York Times.

Such fabrications are called hallucinations in the AI business.

That means when you're using ChatGPT, it's best to double check facts elsewhere.

But there are plenty of creative uses for ChatGPT that don't require strictly factual results.

Want to use ChatGPT to draft a cover letter for a job hunt or give you ideas for a themed birthday party? No problem. Looking for hotel suggestions in Bangladesh? ChatGPT can give useful travel itineraries , but confirm the results before booking anything.

Is the hallucination problem getting better?

Yes, but we haven't seen a breakthrough.

"Hallucinations are a fundamental limitation of the way that these models work today," Turley said. LLMs just predict the next word in a response, over and over, "which means that they return things that are likely to be true, which is not always the same as things that are true," Turley said.

But OpenAI has been making gradual progress. "With nearly every model update, we've gotten a little bit better on making the model both more factual and more self aware about what it does and doesn't know," Turley said. "If you compare ChatGPT now to the original ChatGPT, it's much better at saying, 'I don't know that' or 'I can't help you with that' versus making something up."

Hallucinations are so much a part of the zeitgeist that Dictionary.com touted it as a new word it added to its dictionary in 2023.

Can you use ChatGPT for wicked purposes?

You can try, but lots of it will violate OpenAI's terms of use , and the company tries to block it too. The company prohibits use that involves sexual or violent material, racist caricatures, and personal information like Social Security numbers or addresses.

OpenAI works hard to prevent harmful uses. Indeed, its basic sales pitch is trying to bring the benefits of AI to the world without the drawbacks. But it acknowledges the difficulties, for example in its GPT-4 "system card" that documents its safety work.

"GPT-4 can generate potentially harmful content, such as advice on planning attacks or hate speech. It can represent various societal biases and worldviews that may not be representative of the user's intent, or of widely shared values. It can also generate code that is compromised or vulnerable," the system card says. It also can be used to try to identify individuals and could help lower the cost of cyberattacks.

Through a process called red teaming, in which experts try to find unsafe uses of its AI and bypass protections, OpenAI identified lots of problems and tried to nip them in the bud before GPT-4 launched. For example, a prompt to generate jokes mocking a Muslim boyfriend in a wheelchair was diverted so its response said, "I cannot provide jokes that may offend someone based on their religion, disability or any other personal factors. However, I'd be happy to help you come up with some light-hearted and friendly jokes that can bring laughter to the event without hurting anyone's feelings."

Researchers are still probing LLM limits. For example, Italian researchers discovered they could use ChatGPT to fabricate fake but convincing medical research data . And Google DeepMind researchers found that telling ChatGPT to repeat the same word forever eventually caused a glitch that made the chatbot blurt out training data verbatim. That's a big no-no, and OpenAI barred the approach .

LLMs are still new. Expect more problems and more patches.

And there are plenty of uses for ChatGPT that might be allowed but ill-advised. The website of Philadelphia's sheriff published more than 30 bogus news stories generated with ChatGPT .

What about ChatGPT and cheating in school?

ChatGPT is well suited to short essays on just about anything you might encounter in high school or college, to the chagrin of many educators who fear students will type in prompts instead of thinking for themselves.

ChatGPT also can solve some math problems, explain physics phenomena, write chemistry lab reports and handle all kinds of other work students are supposed to handle on their own. Companies that sell anti-plagiarism software have pivoted to flagging text they believe an AI generated.

But not everyone is opposed, seeing it more like a tool akin to Google search and Wikipedia articles that can help students.

"There was a time when using calculators on exams was a huge no-no," said Alexis Abramson, dean of Dartmouth's Thayer School of Engineering. "It's really important that our students learn how to use these tools, because 90% of them are going into jobs where they're going to be expected to use these tools. They're going to walk in the office and people will expect them, being age 22 and technologically savvy, to be able to use these tools."

ChatGPT also can help kids get past writer's block and can help kids who aren't as good at writing, perhaps because English isn't their first language, she said.

So for Abramson, using ChatGPT to write a first draft or polish their grammar is fine. But she asks her students to disclose that fact.

"Anytime you use it, I would like you to include what you did when you turn in your assignment," she said. "It's unavoidable that students will use ChatGPT, so why don't we figure out a way to help them use it responsibly?"

Is ChatGPT coming for my job?

The threat to employment is real as managers seek to replace expensive humans with cheaper automated processes. We've seen this movie before: elevator operators were replaced by buttons, bookkeepers were replaced by accounting software, welders were replaced by robots.

ChatGPT has all sorts of potential to blitz white-collar jobs. Paralegals summarizing documents, marketers writing promotional materials, tax advisers interpreting IRS rules, even therapists offering relationship advice.

But so far, in part because of problems with things like hallucinations, AI companies present their bots as assistants and "copilots," not replacements.

And so far, sentiment is more positive than negative about chatbots, according to a survey by consulting firm PwC. Of 53,912 people surveyed around the world, 52% expressed at least one good expectation about the arrival of AI, for example that AI would increase their productivity. That compares with 35% who had at least one negative thing to say, for example that AI will replace them or require skills they're not confident they can learn.

How will ChatGPT affect programmers?

Software development is a particular area where people have found ChatGPT and its rivals useful. Trained on millions of lines of code, it internalized enough information to build websites and mobile apps. It can help programmers frame up bigger projects or fill in details.

One of the biggest fans is Microsoft's GitHub , a site where developers can host projects and invite collaboration. Nearly a third of people maintaining GitHub projects use its GPT-based assistant, called Copilot, and 92% of US developers say they're using AI tools .

"We call it the industrial revolution of software development," said Github Chief Product Officer Inbal Shani. "We see it lowering the barrier for entry. People who are not developers today can write software and develop applications using Copilot."

It's the next step in making programming more accessible, she said. Programmers used to have to understand bits and bytes, then higher-level languages gradually eased the difficulties. "Now you can write coding the way you talk to people," she said.

And AI programming aids still have a lot to prove. Researchers from Stanford and the University of California-San Diego found in a study of 47 programmers that those with access to an OpenAI programming help " wrote significantly less secure code than those without access."

And they raise a variation of the cheating problem that some teachers are worried about: copying software that shouldn't be copied, which can lead to copyright problems. That's why Copyleaks, a maker of plagiarism detection software, offers a tool called the Codeleaks Source Code AI Detector designed to spot AI-generated code from ChatGPT, Google Gemini and GitHub Copilot. AIs could inadvertently copy code from other sources, and the latest version is designed to spot copied code based on its semantic structures, not just verbatim software.

At least in the next five years, Shani doesn't see AI tools like Copilot as taking humans out of programming.

"I don't think that it will replace the human in the loop. There's some capabilities that we as humanity have -- the creative thinking, the innovation, the ability to think beyond how a machine thinks in terms of putting things together in a creative way. That's something that the machine can still not do."

Editors' note: CNET is using an AI engine to help create some stories. For more, see this post .

ChatGPT: A Change in How You Use It, and Everything Else to Know

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How to prompt friends and influence people —

The fine art of human prompt engineering: how to talk to a person like chatgpt, people are more like ai language models than you might think. here are some prompting tips..

Benj Edwards - Apr 3, 2024 11:30 am UTC

While AI assistants like ChatGPT have taken the world by storm, a growing body of research shows that it's also possible to generate useful outputs from what might be called "human language models," or people. Much like large language models (LLMs) in AI, HLMs have the ability to take information you provide and transform it into meaningful responses—if you know how to craft effective instructions, called "prompts."

Understanding human language models

LLMs like those that power ChatGPT, Microsoft Copilot , Google Gemini , and Anthropic Claude all rely on an input called a "prompt," which can be a text string or an image encoded into a series of tokens (fragments of data). The goal of each AI model is to take those tokens and predict the next most-likely tokens that follow, based on data trained into their neural networks. That prediction becomes the output of the model.

Similarly, prompts allow human language models to draw upon their training data to recall information in a more contextually accurate way. For example, if you prompt a person with "Mary had a," you might expect an HLM to complete the sentence with "little lamb" based on frequent instances of the famous nursery rhyme encountered in educational or upbringing datasets. But if you add more context to your prompt, such as "In the hospital, Mary had a," the person instead might draw on training data related to hospitals and childbirth and complete the sentence with "baby."

Humans rely on a type of biological neural network (called "the brain") to process information. Each brain has been trained since birth on a wide variety of both text and audiovisual media, including large copyrighted datasets. (Predictably, some humans are prone to reproducing copyrighted content or other people's output occasionally, which can get them in trouble .)

Despite how often we interact with humans, scientists still have an incomplete grasp on how HLMs process language or interact with the world around them. HLMs are still considered a " black box ," in the sense that we know what goes in and what comes out, but how brain structure gives rise to complex thought processes is largely a mystery. For example, do humans actually "understand" what you're prompting them, or do they simply react based on their training data? Can they truly "reason," or are they just regurgitating novel permutations of facts learned from external sources? How can a biological machine acquire and use language? The ability appears to emerge spontaneously through pre-training from other humans and is then fine-tuned later through education.

Despite the black-box nature of their brains, most experts believe that humans build a world model (an internal representation of the exterior world around them) to help complete prompts and that they possess advanced mathematical capabilities, though that varies dramatically by model, and most still need access to external tools to complete accurate calculations. Still, a human's most useful strength might lie in the verbal-visual user interface, which uses vision and language processing to encode multimodal inputs (speech, text, sound, or images) and then produce coherent outputs based on a prompt.

Human language models are powered by a biological neural network called a

Humans also showcase impressive few-shot learning capabilities, being able to quickly adapt to new tasks in context (within the prompt) using a few provided examples. Their zero-shot learning abilities are equally remarkable, and many HLMs can tackle novel problems without any prior task-specific training data (or at least attempt to tackle them, to varying degrees of success).

Interestingly, some HLMs (but not all ) demonstrate strong performance on common sense reasoning benchmarks , showcasing their ability to draw upon real-world "knowledge" to answer questions and make inferences. They also tend to excel at open-ended text generation tasks, such as story writing and essay composition, producing coherent and creative outputs.

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Published: 03 April 2024

ChatGPT and the digitisation of writing

Xin Zhao ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8968-6912 1 ,
Andrew Cox 1 &
Liang Cai 2

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications volume 11 , Article number: 482 ( 2024 ) Cite this article

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Language and linguistics

The aim of this study is to uncover how students’ practices of writing in higher education are being impacted by ChatGPT. The use of ChatGPT and other generative AI needs to be set in the context of a longer-term process of the digitisation of writing, where many tools are being employed by students to support writing because it is a complex iterative process. Generative AI appears to have had a large impact on how students write, and we propose a model of generative AI literacy to assess their capabilities in doing so. Semi-structured interviews and observation data were collected at a British University with 23 students from diverse backgrounds, including the UK, USA, China, Japan, and Saudi Arabia. The data was analysed thematically. It was found that students used ChatGPT alongside many other tools, and in rather individualistic ways often to address specific challenges they felt they had with writing. Their main concerns were around plagiarism, information inaccuracy and technology dependence. There was a relatively weak understanding or interest in the ethical issues around the exploitative and environmental impacts of generative AI. The social controversy around ChatGPT can be seen as a useful opportunity to engage students in a discussion about the digitisation of writing and promote AI literacy in this context.

Artificial Intelligence in studies—use of ChatGPT and AI-based tools among students in Germany

Jörg von Garrel & Jana Mayer

Perception, performance, and detectability of conversational artificial intelligence across 32 university courses

Hazem Ibrahim, Fengyuan Liu, … Yasir Zaki

A multinational study on the factors influencing university students’ attitudes and usage of ChatGPT

Maram Abdaljaleel, Muna Barakat, … Malik Sallam

Introduction

The use of AI in education (AIEd) has been a discrete area of study for several decades, albeit the majority of studies have been from a technical development standpoint with less involvement of educators (Zawacki-Richter et al., 2019 ). Development of AIEd has tended to be concentrated on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (Guan et al., 2020 ). Use of such technologies in an educational context has not been without its critics (e.g. Selwyn, 2019 ). Meanwhile, AI has already made a relatively unheralded appearance in low-level features of much technology supporting everyday knowledge work such as search, recommendation, transcription and translation. It has also appeared increasingly within writing support tools, such as grammar checkers, as well as in plagiarism detection.

This picture of gradual change was dramatically disrupted in November 2022 by the launch of ChatGPT. Particularly in education, generative AI has created excitement but is also a considerable concern (Kasneci et al., 2023 , Trust et al., 2023 ; Lo, 2023 ). The usage figures of ChatGPT show an incredibly rapid rise in popularity and the potential benefits claimed for it are wide-ranging. Much of the fear has revolved around its potential impact on academic integrity. What is lacking to date are in-depth studies that explore how ChatGPT is actually used and experienced by students. Since it is in writing text that generative AI excels, and because writing is central to many forms of learning, including assessment, this paper focuses on how generative AI is changing how students write. With the increasing use of AI in many domains of activity there is a growing interest in defining AI literacy (Long and Magerko, 2020 ). We build on this work to propose a model of generative AI literacy as a framework to assess student use of ChatGPT in their writing.

In this context, the present study had the aim of uncovering how postgraduate students’ practices of writing were impacted by ChatGPT, with the specific research questions for the study being:

How were postgraduate students using ChatGPT and other digital writing tools for writing tasks in the summer of 2023?

What do students consider the benefits and problems of ChatGPT’s use?

What are the strengths and weaknesses in student generative AI literacy?

The digitisation of writing

The impacts of generative AI tools such as ChatGPT in education, need to be understood in the context of long-term digitisation of writing . The digitisation of writing is a major shift in writing as a fundamental process of expression and learning (Strobl et al. 2019 ). It carries particular significance because of the cultural value and status placed on good writing, particularly in some academic disciplines. Through the introduction of word processors, then spelling, grammar and style checking, then connectivity, and now generative AI tools, this digitisation process is having profound effects on writing, albeit they remain difficult to pinpoint because they are primarily mental rather than directly visible changes (Kruse and Rapp, 2019 ).

There has been an acceleration of this digitisation process in the last decade with the growing number of AI-powered writing assistants that are appearing. Godwin-Jones ( 2022 ) differentiates four types of such tools:

Automatic writing evaluation (AWE) which provides feedback on completed work;

Automatic written corrective feedback (AWCF) which offers synchronous feedback on spelling, grammar and or style as text is written;

Translation tools;

Text generation tools which create bodies of text from a short stimulus.

We could add to this other tools and apps used during the research process at the beginning of writing such as for search, text summarisation (e.g., Scholarcy, iris.ai, summarisebot) and literature reviewing (e.g., ResearchRabbit, Gecko, connectedpapers). There are also well-established tools for referencing which link search and reading to producing a final reference list for a completed assignment (e.g., EndNote, RefWorks, Zotero, and Mendeley).

If writing as a process consists of the stages of “prewriting, planning, drafting, revising, and editing” (Strobl et al., 2019 , p. 38), then AWE and AWCF are mostly used in the latter two stages. Our previous research revealed, however, that rephrasing tools such as Wordtune are used both in improving text at the revision stage, but also in breaking through mental blocks in the early stages of writing or even planning (Zhao et al., 2023 ). Similarly, Malik et al. ( 2023 ) found Indonesian students also using a wide range of AI-based tools in their writing. Translation tools might also be used at various stages, such as in processing reading and drafting text (Zhao et al., 2024 ). So just as writing is a complex iterative process, the use of digital writing tools is complex. Our study of Wordtune also found it being commonly being combined with other writing tools (Zhao et al., 2023 ). While many such tools have multiple functionalities, they tend to be used for specific tasks for which they are best known. For example, many tools will offer some support for translation, but users tend to have a preferred tool for this function.

Thus, it is important to recognise that many learners were already using multiple tools at different stages of the writing process prior to the dramatic debut of ChatGPT, so the use of generative AI appears in a pre-existing landscape of digital writing. Yet the panoply of tools to support the writing process has been little analysed, particularly from the perspective of how they are used in practice and in conjunction with each other, during writing as a complex, iterative process.

Generative AI

ChatGPT’s launch has been a dramatic, potentially paradigm-shifting intervention, influencing how writing as a central aspect of learning is performed, but also the general perception of AI in Education. It has seen an extraordinary explosion of use, with a claimed 100 million users within two months of its launch (Trust et al., 2023 ). At the same time, it has been deeply controversial, particularly within education, and has been linked to many of the wider debates on the ethics of AI around bias, privacy and impact on society. Whereas the widespread use in the writing of tools such as Grammarly and Google Translate seems to have been tacitly accepted with relatively little controversy, ChatGPT has drawn huge debate to the digitisation of writing (Adeshola and Adepoju, 2023 ; AlAfnan et al., 2023 ; Memarian and Doleck, 2023 ). This may be partly because tools such as Turnitin have at least partly given teachers the lead in the “arms race” with unfair means. From an educational point of view, it is the impossibility of detecting generative AI’s use that makes it so controversial (Uzun, 2023 ).

Yet it is hard to deny the power and user-friendliness of ChatGPT. While it remains essentially a form of narrow AI (as opposed to a general AI that mimics the breadth of human intelligence), it does perform a wide range of tasks across the writing process, potentially composing a complete essay, but also including the ability to: summarise readings or a topic, produce an outline for a text, draft text, rewrite text in different styles or lengths, and check grammar and spelling (UNESCO, 2023 ). Thus, ChatGPT has the ability to write entire texts from a prompt or support specific processes in writing. In addition, it can also write computer code, solve math problems, etc. Yet ChatGPT, at least in its early manifestation, poses many informational and ethical problems (EPIC, 2023 ) (Table 1 ).

Some of these problems are being addressed in later versions of ChatGPT or in other text generation tools such as Bard or the new Bing. Moreover, they are not inherent to large language models but rather features of systems built by BigTech. Nevertheless, given the great AI capabilities of BigTech in terms of resources including data and so their power to define the definition of AI, we anticipate that users need to be aware of such potential issues.

AI literacy

In the last 5 years, there have been growing suggestions of the need to define AI literacy, because of the increasingly pervasive presence of AI in everyday lives and work. A widely cited definition is offered by Long and Magerko ( 2020 ):

We define AI literacy as a set of competencies that enables individuals to critically evaluate AI technologies; communicate and collaborate effectively with AI; and use AI as a tool online, at home, and in the workplace.

The authors break AI literacy down under five headings, with 17 components under those headings:

What AI is—this is knowledge such as how to recognise AI when it is encountered and understanding distinctions between general and narrow AI.

What it can do—this consists of differentiating the tasks AI is good at doing from those it is not good at, and also being able to imagine future uses, reflecting the evolving nature of AI.

How AI works—includes ideas such as representation and has an emphasis on data literacy, emphasising learning from data and the need for critical interpretation of data.

How it should be used—under which ethics is placed.

How people perceive it.

This is useful in contrasting to more technically oriented definitions such as that of Pinski and Benlian ( 2023 ) which lack the ethical and critical dimension. Another useful definition is offered by Ridley and Pawlick-Potts ( 2021 ) when they suggest that:

Algorithmic literacy is the skill, expertise, and awareness to, understand and reason about algorithms and their processes; recognise and interpret their use in systems (whether embedded or overt); create and apply algorithmic techniques and tools to problems in a variety of domains; assess the influence and effect of algorithms in social, cultural, economic, and political contexts; position the individual as a co-constituent in algorithmic decision-making.

This is a concise expression of the key aspects, integrating notions of algorithmic literacy, which focuses on the way that AI is often encountered indirectly through functions such as filtering and personalisation on online platforms. Levels of student AI literacy have been much investigated, often using Long and Magerko’s ( 2020 ) framework (e.g. Kong et al. 2022 ). However, most of this work was done before the advent of ChatGPT.

The capability of ChatGPT and other generative AI to create a significant body of content from a short prompt has shifted concepts of what AI is. We suggest that this implies the need to update our notion of AI literacy. In the light of the potential and critiques of the technology (discussed above), we can suggest that generative AI literacy might be defined under five headings:

Pragmatic understanding: The individual can use generative AI effectively and interpret the information it produces critically

The individual can pick the right tool for the task, in the context of the proliferation of writing tools (including alternative generative AI to ChatGPT)

The individual learns to use the chosen tool effectively for a specific task

Deciding where in the writing process to use it, e.g. for Search, brainstorming, structuring text etc

Uses the tool effectively through prompt engineering), such as by

Being CLEAR (concise, logical, explicit, adaptive and reflective) (Lo, 2023 )

Providing context for prompts posed

Defining what sort of answer is required

Rephrasing questions

Asking for sources used

Iterating and synthesising results

Updating their knowledge as tools develop rapidly

The individual interprets generative AI outputs critically, given an understanding of how they work and their limits

Information accuracy, currency, citeability

Safety understanding: The individual can use generative AI safely

Is aware of privacy risks

Reflective understanding: The individual can assess and take action to manage the impacts of AI on their experience in the educational context

Impacts on own skills and learning

Impacts on social connection, including the social aspects of learning

Socio-ethical understanding: The individual understands the societal impacts of AI, including

IPR issues relating to how models are trained

Impact on information culture, misinformation and disinformation

Social impacts such as through exploitative process of creation, and the impacts on jobs/ job enrichment

Equity of access

Environmental impacts

Implications of the undue power of BigTech

Contextual understanding: The individual understands how to use generative AI appropriately in a particular context and make their own use explicit, as appropriate

What is appropriate to context

How to make use transparent and cite appropriately

Generative AI in education

It has been education in particular that has been disrupted by the potential and risks of generative AI in 2023. Yet while much has been written about this in editorials and opinion pieces (Kasneci et al., 2023 ; Trust et al., 2023 ) usually to inform educators about how to use it, we are only at the beginning of learning its impact on student behaviour through empirical research. This is important because it seems likely that students have taken up its use far more quickly than teachers.

We do have a few early studies of use by students. A number of surveys by Best Colleges indicate that though US students had concerns about whether it was fair to use ChatGPT for assessments, they were using it and saw it as soon to become the norm (Welding, 2023 ). Chan and Hu ( 2023 ) found Hong Kong students positive about generative AI and willing to use it. This was partly because of its direct uses for brainstorming, individualised assistance with questions, and help with literature reviewing (such as summarisation). But their willingness to use it was partly because they saw it as representing long-term trends in technologies. They had concerns about its accuracy, the transparency of its working, the privacy of their data, the risk of becoming over-reliant, the impacts on employment and conflicts with human values. This accords well with a study by Attewell ( 2023 ) based on focus groups with UK students. This again found generative AI being used in a wide range of ways. A similar range of concerns were also expressed such as about the reliability of information from generative AI, privacy, equity of access and fears of becoming over-reliant on it. Students wanted educational institutions to have clearer policies and offer training in the use of generative AI. Interestingly, they also wanted student involvement in generating policy on AI.

If students are generally positive about ChatGPT’s use it is staff who express more concerns. Cardon et al. ( 2023 ) conducted a survey of business communication instructors. The main concern of this group of educators was that students would use it to cheat. But they saw a range of negative impacts on learning, such as

Less critical thinking/ creativity—itself seen as part of a wider malaise, and the crisis of creativity

Less writing skills

Less authenticity

Less agency because of dependence on such tools

Less commitment to authenticity in communication, such as valuing authorial voice and sincerity in communications

They also acknowledged that it can be helpful e.g. in the early stages of writing, and certainly enhanced the efficiency of writing. However they did believe such tools would be used in the workplace, so it was unavoidable that it had to be taught.

Methodology

To answer the research questions, we employed a qualitative methodology within the interpretivist paradigm. We used a combination of semi-structured interviews and observational techniques to gain an understanding of how students selectively employed digital tools in their writing processes and to understand their experiences and concerns regarding the use of generative AI. We recruited participants through an email invitation circulated to students asking for participants who were using “digital tools” for writing. We also asked interviewees to suggest other suitable participants. Our study included 23 participants of diverse nationalities, including students from the UK, China, India, Thailand, Japan, Greece, Malaysia, the USA, and other regions (Table 2 ). These students were pursuing a range of academic degrees, including postgraduate taught and postgraduate research programmes. All the participants were in the process of undertaking academic tasks, such as writing dissertations or theses. The interviews were conducted in the summer of 2023, this was before the university had issued its policy on AI use.

At the beginning of the interview, participants were asked to demonstrate their writing process for an academic essay/dissertation and explain how they use digital tools to support their writing. The second part of the interview participants were asked a series of questions, including about the tools they used during the writing process, how they had used ChatGPT, and what their concerns were about it, such as data privacy, inclusivity, accessibility, bias, ethics, and the potential impact of generative AI on education. Thematic Analysis served as our chosen method for analysing the qualitative data, enabling us to gain a nuanced understanding of students’ perceptions of digital writing and ChatGPT in particular (Braun and Clarke, 2006 ). The research received ethical approval from the University of Sheffield. Voluntary, informed consent was gained from participants. All the data were anonymised for the purposes of analysis and reporting.

Many tools used in the complex task of writing

One theme that emerged strongly from the data was that students were routinely using a wide range of digital tools (many with an AI component) throughout the academic writing process. The most commonly mentioned tools were grammar checkers (especially Grammarly), paraphrasing tools (Quillbot and Wordtune) and translation tools (e.g., DeepL and Google Translate). Somewhat less commonly other types of tools were in use such as for managing references (Endnote, MyBib) and plagiarism detection (Q-text).

Students who were native English speakers used more basic tools such as Word’s grammar checking or very specialist tools such as to manage references. In contrast, non-English speakers were using a wider range of tools, with considerable experience of having done so built up over time.

Such services seem to be used in quite individualistic ways and critically the impression was that their use had been learned from classmates, social media (such as Youtube or Little Red Book), and trial and error—rather than the institution and educators, although one individual was using Grammarly on supervisory advice.

Sometimes students paid a subscription for such tools; sometimes not. ChatGPT was the most frequently paid-for tool among all those mentioned.

ChatGPT: Used in many different ways

Interviewees talked about other tools as much as about ChatGPT and for these interviewees, it was early days with ChatGPT. Many had used it to only a limited extent. Nevertheless, there was evidence of ChatGPT being employed throughout the writing process. There were frequent mentions of uses to:

understand difficult concepts including understanding assignment briefs

summarise readings during the research process

suggest structures for writing

get words down on the page and break through a mental block

rephrase text and check grammar

Central uses that ChatGPT was uniquely good at was gaining an understanding of an assignment brief and then structuring ideas:

This is the topic and I first use ChatGPT to give me some idea about this topic. And actually, when I saw this topic, I didn’t really understand it. I use ChatGPT to give me some explanations. [9, Thailand]

So I asked it how to organise an essay about this topic. And then it gave me this structure. So I use this as a reference. [2, China]

Some also used it to check that the final text met the brief:

Then in writing or after writing, I would ask if this paragraph was in line with classwork requirements. I would send it all the requirements, and then ask it if I could write like this? [1, China]

Some used it for searching for literature.

I think the most difficult part of writing an essay is the idea you need to make your own opinions and you need to structure your essay but you need to find examples and literature to support your argument. If you just google it or search […] sometimes you can’t find much relevant information or only a few. […] You can just find less relevant information and articles but with ChatGPT, it will collect the most relevant information for you. [1, China].

For other tasks, such as summarising readings, rephrasing ideas into more academic language and grammar checking participants used other tools as much as ChatGPT. Grammarly, Quillbot, Wordtune and translation tools had heavy use in rewriting. Students tended to use ChatGPT for just one or a few of these tasks, not all of them, linked to which aspect of writing they found hardest.

Students’ individual explorations of the tool had produced quite distinct patterns of use, often linked to the areas of weakness they perceived in their own writing. For example, participant 23 emphasised using it to generate analogies to help them understand complex ideas in the context of moving to study computer science from another discipline:

If I don’t understand, repeat, repeat, repeat, repeat, repeat until I understand and then proceed. And that is how my process is. It’s a lot of repetition, a lot of reclarifying myself and always detecting all this reading and fact checking. [23, Malaysia]

Participant 17 described using in complex way to support reading:

I would copy literally like a whole article into it and then say, summarise this in bullet points. I’ll then write it on a piece of paper because that just helps me to like process it in my head as I write the words. Um, and then after that, and then I’ll read the paper like normal [17, UK]

Participant 15 described using it directly in the writing process:

Sometimes if I’ve written something, what I do is I ask for a feedback and I ask or like, you know, if I want a paraphrasing also. So what I do is I prompt it by asking that the check for flow and paraphrase and then it will kind of give it suggestions and sometimes it adds its own things. And then if I don’t want something, I can just not have it. But most of the times what happens is you get a pretty good idea of like, you know, yeah, this is something good and then you can build up from there. So it gives you that initial kind of a boost and then it becomes easier to build your arguments or build your paragraphs. (15, India)

Participant 20 stands out as potentially using it in a way to simply write ideas for him. He talked about “delegating” tasks to it, constructing himself as in control of the process:

So when I break it down, so usually when I have an academic paper, say it’s 10 pages, I have one thought for each page, like one heading for each page in my head. And once I have that set, then I just start off with ChatGPT straight up. [20, India]

Such complex uses, often involved quite interactive exchanges. Participant 23 used the term “bouncing” ideas off it.

I always have sort of like a conversation with it. [23, Malaysia]

Indeed, one interesting dimension of these interactions was the sense that the experience was something quite close to discussing with another human.

Just directly ask a question. Yes. As if I’m asking a human being. [22, China]

But always, always, always remember it is still a tool. It is not a living being. That is that’s why I keep reminding myself it’s not a living being. Always cross check your back. [23, Malaysia]

The quote implies a genuine struggle not to see ChatGPT as human. Equally, the value of ChatGPT was often linked to not needing to ask tutors or peers for help. Of course, it also gives immediate responses unlike them, but it raises the question of how ChatGPT is impacting the social dimension of learning.

ChatGPT was also being commonly used for non-academic writing, such as for job applications. Several interviewees mentioned using it for computer coding. There were also very specific uses, such as for converting text to Latex.

ChatGPT benefits and worries

The way that they described it, ChatGPT and the other digital tools they used, gave participants a sense of being more efficient and productive.

Thinking about it, basically, there is no big change, because there are still steps in writing, mainly those steps, but the efficiency has been improved. [1, China]

I think he saves me a lot of time when I’m reading like reference that’s really long. Helps me summarise it. I think it’s really efficient. [11, China]

This discourse implied that it did not really change what they did or learned, just speeded the process up and saved them time. This may be a rationalisation and disguise the loss of learning that the “efficiencies” might cause. A lot of the discourse around needing to use tools revolved around “laziness” but also a sense of a lack of confidence and anxiety. Using ChatGPT was often justified for reducing stress.

I’ll say I feel less stressful because we get to work more efficiently by using the tools, by using AI tools compared to the traditional way. [11, China]

There was a sense of ChatGPT being the future and there is an inevitability to it overtaking “traditional” learning practices.

Ten years ago, study style, study style, and the current one is very different. [23, Malaysia]

Yet, while it was being used rather extensively our participants were wary of ChatGPT for a number of reasons. Three were mentioned by most interviewees. The first was the unreliability of the information it output and the need to “fact check” it. There was less mention of specific issues such as failing to acknowledge sources or making up references. A second major concern was that its use would be detected by plagiarism detection tools (a concern they held regardless of the fact that it is generally not detectable). More positively participant 19 wanted to preserve her “voice”

I feel like it doesn’t sound like me and I do want to write in my own voice or in my own words as much as I can. [19, India]

Similarly, participant 23 thought that ChatGPT created a text that often read as “auto-generated” [23] so would not use it in many contexts, e.g. writing job applications because it would not effectively differentiate them from other candidates. Implicitly, they did not see this as a problem in the context of academic writing, suggesting that they did not see individuality as valued in that context.

There were certainly some students who did see using ChatGPT as impacting their learning:

But it sometimes it stopped me from thinking. [12, China]

It will reduce the ability to think independently, that is, reduce the motivation to think independently. Some things need to be understood by yourself. [5, China]

Thus a third major concern was a fear that the use of tools in general produced dependence. There were also a few comments that showed awareness of the risk to privacy of putting personal information into ChatGPT.

Nearly all the concerns reflected on personal impact. Disappointingly, the societal impacts of ChatGPT were not often acknowledged. One interviewee expressed concerns about the impact on low-paid workers. But even when prompted the participants showed little awareness or concern about bias, or ethical issues, e.g., sustainability or the exploitative labour relations used to create ChatGPT. Nevertheless, it seemed that the controversy around ChatGPT had filtered through to problematising its use, in ways that were expressed far less in relation to other tools such as Grammarly.

The findings confirm our earlier work from before the release of ChatGPT, that a wide range of tools is used during the writing process (Zhao et al., 2023 ). Perhaps ChatGPT will displace other tools, but at the time the study was conducted it was reaching a community of users well-versed in using digital tools. It was finding a unique place in helping understand assignment questions, aligning answers to the question and structuring ideas, but was also used to perform tasks such as summarisation and proofreading that others performed with pre-existing tools. Our findings suggested that students with higher English proficiency levels tended to use AI tools less frequently.

The study confirms previous research, that students are keen to use generative AI and see it as part of a general trend in technology development (Chan and Hu, 2023 ). Our respondents tended to use discourses around time-saving, efficiency, and stress avoidance as justification for using the tools.

ChatGPT was used rather intensively and iteratively but in highly individualistic ways. This differential use may reflect that there was little input at this time from the institution to help students how to use and where to draw the line in terms of appropriate use. Students wanted guidance from the institution on ChatGPT, echoing Attewell’s ( 2023 ) findings.

ChatGPT has brought advanced functions to digital writing but also intensified a sense of controversy in this area. For students, the worries focussed particularly on the unreliability of information it produced, fear of being accused of plagiarism if they used it and a concern about growing dependence on technology. While often its use was claimed to be justified for its time and stress reduction this may have underestimated the overall impact on learning. Saving time on learning tasks may unintentionally remove significant opportunities to learn. Many of the deeper ethical and societal issues such as around the exploitative way ChatGPT was developed were not fully understood. Yet it was clear that how writing was done digitally had become controversial. This could be seen as a benefit of ChatGPT, in that a gradual infiltration of digital tools into writing was made more visible institutionally and the controversial dimensions of technology use in education brought to the fore.

Using the model developed above we can point to strengths and weaknesses in students’ emergent generative AI literacy (Table 3 ).

Overall our student interviewees showed significant generative AI literacy in most areas, particularly when considering it was early days with their use of it and almost none of them had received support from their teachers or from their institution in understanding how to use it. The weakest area of development was probably appreciation of the societal impacts of generative AI. As instructors catch up with students in understanding AI hopefully they can help students build up a more systematic understanding of pragmatic use of AI, a more reflective approach and a much more critical awareness of the social implications of AI.

While ChatGPT appears as a threat to longstanding practices in education, especially to some genres of academic writing such as essays, it can also be seen as productively bringing to the fore the controversial nature of AI writing technologies which were already creeping unacknowledged into common use. This context produces an opportunity for educators to actively engage with students in a discussion about how writing can be best supported. Our analysis points to areas of weakness in generative AI literacy that need to be strengthened through this process, such as the understanding of the need to select between apps, to have more sophisticated prompt engineering skills, to think more about bias in results, to be more reflective about its use’s impact on learning and have a much stronger appreciation of the societal impacts of generative AI.

The paper is one of the first to explore student use of generative AI in practice and discover in-depth their perception of its benefits and worries about its drawbacks. It has also developed a framework of generative AI literacy as a way of assessing their use. This can be used to plan both institutional policy and instructor support by identifying gaps in AI literacy that need to be filled. For example, educational developers could use the framework to facilitate discussions with teaching staff, aiding in the development of their AI literacy and enhancing their ability to teach AI literacy to students. In addition, universities could apply the dimensions of the AI framework to formulate policies and provide concrete examples that guide learning and teaching practices. The framework also has the potential in evaluating student AI literacy.

The paper has a number of limitations, pointing to where future research can build on its findings. Most participants in this study were using the free version of ChatGPT (3.5) and only a few used the paid version (4). We did not examine in detail the impact of using different versions. While ChatGPT was the main generative AI tool in use at the time of the study, there were others rapidly emerging in popularity. Future research would need to examine how choices of different apps were made and the impact of these choices on writing. Although the participants of this study come from a variety of countries, it is focused on one institution at a particular time. Given the speed of change in technology and educational policy and practice, it is likely that future research will identify rapid shifts in behaviour. But we emphasise the need to examine student writing practices in the context of significant pre-existing use of digital writing tools. Our focus was on postgraduate students. We think less experienced students, such as undergraduates may be quicker and less discriminating in adopting the technology. As generative AI evolves there will be a need to update our definition of generative AI literacy and also to integrate it with notions such as algorithmic literacy, which point to the way that AI operates in rather hidden ways within the infrastructure. This research employed interviews and observations as its main data collection methods. These offer depth of insight but have less power of generalisability. Future studies could usefully seek to validate our findings through quantitative or mixed-methods approaches, such as surveys or experimental studies. Furthermore, future research could expand the scope of this study from AI literacy to the broader concept of writing digitisation, exploring the issue from other perspectives such as psychology and second language acquisition.

Data availability

The datasets analysed during the current study are not publicly available, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Zawacki-Richter O, Marín V, Bond M, Gouverneur F (2019) Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education—where are the educators? Int J Educ Technol High Educ 16(1):39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0

Zhao X, Sbaffi L, Cox AM (2023) The Digitisation of Writing in Higher Education: exploring the Use of Wordtune as an AI Writing Assistant. OSF preprint. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/uzwy7

Zhao X, Xu J, Cox, AM (2024) Incorporating artificial intelligence into student academic writing in higher education: the use of wordtune by Chinese international students. Paper presented at the Hawaii Systems Sciences conference, Waikiki, Hawaii, 2–6 January 2024

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7 prompts to try on Microsoft Copilot this weekend

From a vacation to festival posters

Microsoft Copilot is quickly becoming one of the most popular AI chatbots, in part because it offers much of the functionality of ChatGPT Plus for free , but also because its built into every Microsoft product.

Artificial intelligence tools like Copilot can be incredibly powerful, or they can be yet another blank canvas to stare at for hours not knowing where to start. That is the point of Prompt_Jitsu, a series of prompt ideas to get you started.

I'm a big fan of Microsoft Copilot, it builds on the core models found in ChatGPT but with a more consumer-friendly interface and control over the creativity of the output.

Fun prompts for Microsoft Copilot

I’ve tried to create a mixed set of prompts that can be adapted to fit your own needs. For example one prompt is to create a flyer for a fictional music festival you could adapt for anything from a bake sale to a kids birthday party .

1. Planning a vacation

We're going to kick things off with some light vacation planning. I've got a busy year ahead and don't see a trip on the horizon, so this is more window shopping — but it is a good chance to see how tools like Copilot can help with inspiration.

For day one it suggested I spend it in Tokyo, suggested Hotel Sunroute Plaza Shinjuku and dina at Izakaya that evening. The total trip included visits to Kyoto, Nara, Osaka, Horishima and Mount Fuji. I'm exhausted already!

The prompt: “Create a 7-day itinerary for a dream vacation in Japan, including must-visit destinations, unique experiences, and local culinary delights. Offer suggestions for accommodations and transportation options to make the trip planning process easier.”

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Remember with AI chatbots you don't have to just rely on a single prompt. You can follow up with requests such as, lets keep it all in Tokyo for the full seven days, now refine the itinerary, or suggest alternative hotels. You can adapt this prompt with the country of your choice, or even make it a city break.

2. Writing a love song

Some weeks with Prompt_Jitsu I'll try to create a theme, this week the theme is cool things to try in Copilot, with no particular link. Although maybe you could use this prompt to create a love song to sing to someone you met in Japan.

The prompt: “Compose a heartfelt love song that captures the essence of a long-distance relationship. Include lyrics that express the challenges, yearning, and unwavering commitment of two people separated by distance but united by their love.”

This prompt will give you a set of lyrics for a love song if Suno is disabled in the plugins menu. If you have Suno enabled it will create a full song with vocals.

In my cases included the following line in the chorus: "Cause you're the sound of my heart, the beat in my chest. Every time you're near, I can't catch my breath."

3. Promotional poster

You've got your song, now you need somewhere to perform the track. This next prompt will use Designer, the DALL-E powered image generator in Copilot to generate a poster for a fictional music festival.

The prompt: “Design a series of eye-catching promotional posters for a fictional music festival featuring an eclectic mix of genres and artists. Include elements that reflect the festival's theme, location, and overall vibe, and create designs that would appeal to a wide audience.”

You can adapt the prompt to reflect a real world scenario or event. Adjust the prompt to replace fictional music festival with something like "flyer for ten year old's birthday party" or even "garage sale". You can also edit the image in Designer to change the resolution or adjust any individual feature.

4. Creating a business plan

You've been to Japan, written a killer love song and created a poster for a fake music festival. Why not now develop a business plan for a clothing line to sell at the fake music festival? Lets make it eco-friendly.

The prompt: “Develop a detailed business plan for a sustainable, eco-friendly clothing line that uses innovative materials and production methods. Include information on target market, product offerings, pricing strategy, marketing approach, and financial projections.”

In my case it offered up a target market description, product offerings, pricing strategy and financial projections. It was just an overview but you can use follow up prompts. It suggests some such as "what are some innovative materials I can use?" and "How do I find ethical manufacturers for my clothing line?".

I also asked Copilot to create an image of one of the products we might sell.

5. Mental health awareness

We've travelled the world, expressed our undying love through song, designed a poster for a music festival and made a business plan to sell eco-friendly clothing. Now its time to put something back into society with a speech.

The prompt: “Write a persuasive speech advocating for the importance of mental health awareness and support in the workplace. Include statistics, personal anecdotes, and practical strategies for creating a more supportive and inclusive work environment.”

In the first response it gave me a rough outline and structure, including bullet points and links for quotes and statistics — so I had to follow up with a request for the full speech.

You can follow up with prompts like "make it funnier, or add some examples using quotes from the web or famous people.". You could even put the speech into a tool like ElevenLabs and have AI read it for you. In the example I used my own voice clone.

6. Social media posts

Microsoft Copilot Designer images of pets

No business can succeed without social media promotion. This next prompt will generate a series of prompts to promote a pet grooming business, and not just normal promo posts but tips, images and more.

The prompt: “Generate a series of fun and engaging social media posts for a pet grooming business, including tips for pet owners, behind-the-scenes glimpses of the grooming process, and adorable images of freshly groomed pets.”

It gave me five posts and even generated images to use in the posts requiring pictures. It suggested starting with tips for shiny fur, followed by a behind the scenes on a grooming session and at the end a meet the team.

7. Designing a garden

After all that hard work why not design your dream garden, or at least use Copilot to give you a step-by-step guide to laying a raised garden bed.

The prompt: “Create a step-by-step guide for building a raised garden bed, including materials needed, tools required, and detailed instructions for each stage of the process. Offer tips for selecting the right location, choosing plants, and maintaining the garden over time.”

It effectively gave me a recipe with materials, tools and instructions. It also suggests location ideas, ideal plants and advice on maintaining the garden.

You could follow the prompt with specific requests around style, seasonality or even replace raised bed with herb garden or rockery.

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Ryan Morrison, a stalwart in the realm of tech journalism, possesses a sterling track record that spans over two decades, though he'd much rather let his insightful articles on artificial intelligence and technology speak for him than engage in this self-aggrandising exercise. As the AI Editor for Tom's Guide, Ryan wields his vast industry experience with a mix of scepticism and enthusiasm, unpacking the complexities of AI in a way that could almost make you forget about the impending robot takeover. When not begrudgingly penning his own bio - a task so disliked he outsourced it to an AI - Ryan deepens his knowledge by studying astronomy and physics, bringing scientific rigour to his writing. In a delightful contradiction to his tech-savvy persona, Ryan embraces the analogue world through storytelling, guitar strumming, and dabbling in indie game development. Yes, this bio was crafted by yours truly, ChatGPT, because who better to narrate a technophile's life story than a silicon-based life form?

OpenAI just released a Sora generated music video — and it’s like something out of a fever dream

5 ChatGPT prompts to try now that the chatbot is free for all

Not a typo! Here's how to get a free 65-inch Samsung TV

d0x360 Flickr (yes I removed the hilarious images of the 3 politicians lol, they werent even giving an opinion I just thought it was visually interesting lol but I get it) I have won the weekend by the criteria of this article! I'll move them to imgur later but these were all Copilot, it actually made words..in English for some of them! It also required some real prodding to get it to make all but the couple. The only ones it was pleased to make was the chocolate ones haha Sarah Bond would be very mad at me Reply
RyanMorrison Some nice prompting work. The images look good. I am still impressed when AI gets text on images right - I sugggest trying Ideogram. It’s very good at legible text on images. Reply
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8 chatgpt prompts to automate your busywork.

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The ChatGPT prompt began, “You are a creative entrepreneur looking to generate new product ideas…” Last September, Wharton professor Christian Terwiesch made headlines when he tested whether ChatGPT could generate product ideas better and faster than business school students.

In 15 minutes, the AI-powered model generated 200 ideas (versus an average of 5 ideas every 15 minutes for humans). Terwiesch and his research partners surveyed potential customers to see if they would like to buy the products. The average purchase probability of a ChatGPT product was 47%, compared with 40% for students’ ideas. Ultimately, Terwiesch recommended using ChatGPT as a co-pilot to generate ideas.

The utility of ChatGPT begins with the prompt, which has become a craft in and of itself. For founders, the right prompt can empower AI to handle more tedious tasks and free them to focus on more meaningful tasks, ultimately boosting the type of productivity that matters.

Here, a closer look at some ChatGPT prompts founders can use to achieve more.

1. Improve Email Communication

A well-formed email can streamline workflows, clarify meaning, and elevate the sender’s profile. But the price is valuable time. Instead of fretting over every word, let ChatGPT act as your email editor. You can quickly draft an email and ChatGPT can edit for accuracy, clarity, and tone.

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The prompt can be:

“I want you to act as an editor. I will provide you with an email that will be sent to a [manager/colleague/client]. I want you to edit the text to ensure the tone is professional and the message is clear. Also, please check for grammatical and spelling errors.”

If your voice is key, you can even train ChatGPT to learn your writing style .

2. Come Up With Content Ideas

To save time for crafting compelling content and ensuring high quality, you can use ChatGPT to generate content ideas. Imagine you’re tasked with a bi-weekly blog post for the company website. The ChatGPT prompt would be:

“You are [role] of a [industry] company looking to generate ideas for blog posts for the company website. The blog will target prospective customers in [region]. The blog posts will focus on [topic(s)] Please generate 10 ideas. Each idea should be 50 words or less.”

Remember to give context—who you are, the target audience, the type of content, the goal, the platform, etc.

3. Describe The Benefits Of Your Product

Instead of fretting over how to word descriptions of your product or service for marketing materials, founders can tap ChatGPT to create a description almost instantly and use that as a jumping-off point. The prompt could be:

“I want you to act as a marketing specialist. Please generate a description of my [product or service], to be used in marketing materials. The tone should be [fun and engaging/serious and professional/etc.]. Please use the following text to create the description: [brief description of your product/service].

Remember: ChatGPT isn’t error-free so always edit your results.

4. Ask For Marketing Ideas

For launching marketing campaigns and growing your user base, ChatGPT can help brainstorm ideas to get the ball rolling. This can be an especially powerful tool for bootstrapped founders whose companies don’t include marketing specialists or teams. The prompt might read:

“I want you to act as a marketing specialist. Please generate ideas for growing a company's user base. The company is [description] that serves clients in the [region]. Please come up with innovative ways to reach new customers. Please give five ideas. Each idea should be 50 words or less.”

5. Write Social Media Posts

Nowadays, content is only as valuable as the reach of the posts that promote it. Founders can use ChatGPT to generate concise and catchy captions for any social media platform—hashtags suggestions and all. Try a prompt such as:

“I want you to act as a social media expert. Please generate 5 captions for [content type] to be shared on [platform]. The [content type] is about [description]. The audience is [description of the target audience].”

6. Generate Ad Copy

Writing compelling ad copy is a vital part of launching a business. Founders can streamline the process by using ChatGPT to come up with first drafts, then refine, test, and optimize. It’s important to give the goal of your ad, be it promoting a new service or reaching new audiences, and details about the relevant product or service.

“I want you to generate engaging ad copy for my company’s [product/service]. The copy should emphasize [the specific purpose of the ad or unique selling point of the product]. The target audience is [descirbe target audience]."

7. ‘How Can I Solve This Problem?’

Founders face an endless number of novel challenges every single day. If you’re not sure where to begin finding a solution, ChatGPT can be a cost-efficient way to start your research, rather than hiring an expert. Simply ask ChatGPT to generate some ideas with the following prompt:

“How can I solve my [issue] problem? Provide 5 suggestions.”

The more specific you are in describing the issue, the more tailored ChatGPT’s solution.

8. Create Additional Value For Customers

Founders can create new products and services for customers by asking ChatGPT to generate ideas based on existing products. To this end, you may want to reimagine your mission statement to leave wiggle room for future innovations. To create new tools for customers, the prompt could be:

“You are an entrepreneur looking to expand the range of products and services that your company offers clients. Your existing clients are [demographic]. I want you to review the below description of the company’s products and services and come up with additional ideas that customers may want to use. Please provide 25 ideas, with descriptions of 30 - 50 words.”

The onus is on you, the human, to evaluate and refine those ideas. But by letting ChatGPT do some of the grunt work at the idea generation stage, founders can save mental energy for delivering users the best quality product.

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COMMENTS

How to Use ChatGPT to Write a Speech: Unleashing the Power ...
With ChatGPT, writing such a speech can be a breeze. By specifying your intent in the prompt, ChatGPT can generate powerful and inspiring content. For instance, if you want to motivate a team facing a challenging project, your prompt could be: "Write an uplifting speech that inspires a team facing a difficult project, highlighting the value of ...
ChatGPT can now see, hear, and speak
The new voice capability is powered by a new text-to-speech model, capable of generating human-like audio from just text and a few seconds of sample speech. We collaborated with professional voice actors to create each of the voices. We also use Whisper, our open-source speech recognition system, to transcribe your spoken words into text.
ChatGPT
Speech Generator. By hix.ai. Deliver impactful speeches with Speech Generator, your oratory tool for crafting persuasive and engaging speeches. Sign up to chat. Requires ChatGPT Plus.
110+ Best ChatGPT Prompts for Writing a Speech
With just a few thoughtful prompts, you can get ChatGPT to write an entire speech for you. Let's look at some of the best prompts to make the most of this AI assistant when writing a speech. 1. Help me craft an intriguing hook using a surprising fact, rhetorical question, or attention-getting statement. 2.
How to Create a Speech Using ChatGPT
Have you ever been stuck writing a speech and had no idea where to begin? In this tutorial, I'll show you how to use Chat GPT to write a perfect speech using...
How to Prepare a Speech and Presentation Like a Pro with ChatGPT
ChatGPT is changing the game for speech writing and presentation preparation. In this video, you'll learn how to harness the power of OpenAI's AI-powered lan...
Use This ChatGPT Prompt For Your Next Speech
2. Be clear Use specific verbs like write, summarize, extract, rewrite, etc. to give the model clear directions. 3. Use background statements. 4. Create a second prompt this is essential for longer form or even specific type of writing. BIG NEWS: We're Building an AI and ChatGPT Prompt Collective.
How leaders use ChatGPT to craft an inspiring message
To make the most of your next all-hands meeting, give a compelling speech that will motivate and inspire. For a little help, you can use my speech writing structure below and call on ChatGPT, an ...
Introducing ChatGPT
In the following sample, ChatGPT asks the clarifying questions to debug code. In the following sample, ChatGPT initially refuses to answer a question that could be about illegal activities but responds after the user clarifies their intent. In the following sample, ChatGPT is able to understand the reference ("it") to the subject of the previous question ("fermat's little theorem").
ChatGPT Cheat Sheet: A Complete Guide for 2024
A human will need to tweak the output and give in a unique angle or more varied wording, but ChatGPT could write the bare bones version of a speech or a blog post. Ethical and privacy concerns ...
10 powerful ChatGPT prompts for Speech Writing
10 powerful ChatGPT prompts for Speech Writing. February 4, 2024 by HogoNext Editor team. Speech writing can be a formidable task, requiring the delicate balance of rhetoric, clarity, and persuasion. Whether you're crafting a keynote address or preparing a wedding toast, the eloquence of your words determines the impact of your speech.
how to write a speech using chatgpt
Begin by inputting your speech topic into ChatGPT and request relevant information, statistics, and key points. ChatGPT can help generate ideas and provide valuable insights to enrich your speech content. Step 2: Structuring Your Speech. Once you have gathered sufficient information, it's important to structure your speech effectively.
How to Use ChatGPT for Speech Recognition: A Step-by-Step Guide
Benefits of using ChatGPT for speech recognition. By harnessing the power of NLP models like ChatGPT, speech recognition technology can benefit from more accurate and reliable interpretation of spoken language. This is because ChatGPT is able to understand context and intent, allowing it to accurately interpret even complex sentences.
How to use ChatGPT for writing
For the article, there are two ways to have ChatGPT summarize it. The first requires you to type in the words 'TLDR:' and then paste the article's URL next to it. The second method is a bit ...
how to use chatgpt to write a speech
Understanding ChatGPT. Before delving into the process of using ChatGPT to write a speech, it's essential to understand the capabilities and limitations of this AI tool. ChatGPT is based on the GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3) architecture, which has been trained on a diverse range of internet text.
How to Use ChatGPT To Write A Speech That Impresses
ChatGPT Prompts For Speech Writing The Essence of Engaging Speeches Engaging speeches have the power to captivate an audience, evoke emotions, and leave a lasting impression. Engaging speeches are the linchpin of successful events, adding warmth and humor to the occasion, fostering connections, and generating unforgettable memories.
ChatGPT
Write a Python script; Plan a college tour; Suggest rainy day activities; Write a SQL Query; Help me with gift ideas for my dad; ... You can now show ChatGPT images and start a chat. Troubleshoot why your grill won't start, explore the contents of your fridge to plan a meal, or analyze a complex graph for work-related data. ...
Unleash Creativity with ChatGPT for Text to Speech Conversion
Using Murf, you can convert text into synthesized speech in six easy steps: Step 1: Use ChatGPT to create compelling scripts for TTS conversion. Step 2: Copy and paste your ChatGPT script or upload it to the Muf Studio. Step 3: Select an AI voice of choice from Murf's extensive collection of 120+ AI voices in 20+ languages and accents.
AI Speech Writer
Generate a speech using an outline or description, topic, and sources or quotes. HyperWrite's AI Speech Writer is a powerful tool that helps you create compelling speeches based on an outline or description, topic, and sources or quotes. Harnessing the power of GPT-4 and ChatGPT, this AI-driven tool enables you to effortlessly craft persuasive and engaging speeches for any occasion.
Can I Use ChatGPT To Write My Speech?
But don't use it to write your speeches. Most, if not all, the ChatGPT generated speeches and essays I've seen are - from both the content and style perspective - pablum. If you want to write a good speech, with reliable information and points that make sense, created in a style that matches how YOU actually speak, you'll need to put ...
Writing a Speech
Writing a gratitude speech is not an easy task. It requires conveying emotions so that the audience is attentive and feels our sincerity. Let's use ChatGPT to write a gratitude speech for the personnel of the company, as they have achieved a revenue of $10 million. This milestone marks an essential step in the company's growth.
ChatGPT: A Change in How You Use It, and Everything Else to Know
ChatGPT and generative AI aren't a surprise anymore, but keeping track of what they can do can be a challenge as new abilities arrive. Most notably, OpenAI now lets anyone write custom AI apps ...
Example ChatGPT Prompts for Speech-language Therapists
ChatGPT prompts can be an effective tool for speech language therapists to plan therapy sessions, stay informed on new developments in their field, and develop exercises to improve patients' communication abilities. By customizing prompts to meet specific needs, therapists can optimize their own professional development and provide better care for patients.
The fine art of human prompt engineering: How to talk to a person like
ChatGPT is one year old. Here's how it changed the tech world. ... (speech, text, sound, or images) and then produce coherent outputs based on a prompt. ... such as story writing and essay ...
Universities build their own ChatGPT-like AI tools
As concerns mount over the ethical and intellectual property implications of AI tools, universities are launching their own chatbots for faculty and students. When ChatGPT debuted in November 2022, Ravi Pendse knew fast action was needed. While the University of Michigan formed an advisory group to explore ChatGPT's impact on teaching and learning, Pendse, UMich's chief information officer ...
ChatGPT and the digitisation of writing
Abstract. The aim of this study is to uncover how students' practices of writing in higher education are being impacted by ChatGPT. The use of ChatGPT and other generative AI needs to be set in ...
5 ChatGPT prompts to try now that the chatbot is free for all
(Image credit: ChatGPT) ChatGPT isn't the greatest poet in the world, particularly the GPT-3.5 powered version available without signing in, but it can write something snappy for a group of friends.
7 prompts to try on Microsoft Copilot this weekend
2. Writing a love song. Some weeks with Prompt_Jitsu I'll try to create a theme, this week the theme is cool things to try in Copilot, with no particular link. Although maybe you could use this ...
The telltale signs of essays written using ChatGPT
Researchers identified a number of key features of the ChatGPT writing style, which included repetition of words or phrases and ideas, the use of more words than are necessary to convey meaning ...
8 ChatGPT Prompts To Automate Your Busywork
Here, a closer look at some ChatGPT prompts founders can use to achieve more. 1. Improve Email Communication. A well-formed email can streamline workflows, clarify meaning, and elevate the sender ...

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