yale phd classics

Department of Philosophy

Classics and philosophy combined ph.d. program.

The Classics and Philosophy Program is a combined PhD program, offered by the Departments of Philosophy and of Classics at Yale, for students wishing to pursue graduate study in ancient Greek and Roman philosophy. Suitably qualified students may apply for entry to the program either through the Philosophy Department for the Philosophy Track, details of which are given below, or through the Classics Department for the Classics Track.

Applicants for the Philosophy track of the combined program must satisfy the general requirements for admission to the Philosophy graduate program, in addition to the requirements of the Philosophy track of the combined program.  Applicants for the Classics track of the combined program must satisfy the general requirements for admission to the Classics graduate program, in addition to the requirements of the Classics track of the combined program. Applicants to the combined program are strongly encouraged to submit a writing sample on a topic in ancient philosophy.  Applicants interested in the combined program should indicate this at the time of application; admission to the program cannot normally be considered after an offer of admission is made.

The Program is overseen by an Interdepartmental Committee consisting of: Professors David Charles, Verity Harte, and Brad Inwood, as well as the Director of Graduate Studies for Classics and the Director of Graduate Studies for Philosophy.

Requirements of the Philosophy Track of the Classics and Philosophy Program:

(I) Entry Language Requirements

It is recommended that applicants to the program possess a basic knowledge of Greek, up to the level of being able comfortably to read Plato’s Socratic dialogues and/or comparable abilities in Latin. While this level of proficiency is recommended, the minimum requirement for entry to the Philosophy Track is intermediate proficiency in at least one of Greek and Latin (where such proficiency standards could be met by attendance at an  intensive  summer school, such as the CUNY course, in which the course covers the ground typically covered by both a beginners and an intermediate course, in the summer prior to entry). Students who satisfy only the minimal level requirement in Greek and Latin must, in addition, have demonstrable proficiency in one of the Modern Languages: French, German or Italian. Such students should make clear in their applications their current level of language attainment and their plans to meet the minimum language requirement. On completion of the program, graduates will have proficiency in Greek and Latin and a reading knowledge of two of the following languages; French, German, or Italian. These will be established and assisted by diagnostic tests as follows:

A. Greek and Latin Proficiency Tests in Greek and/or Latin as follows:

Diagnostic sight translations in Greek and Latin will be given to assess the student’s progress in the Classical languages and to assist with placement into classes. These exams are offered at the beginning of the first and third semesters of registration. Diagnostics must be taken in at least one of Greek and Latin at the beginning of the first semester and repeated in the third. Diagnostics in the second language must be taken no later than the third semester. Depending on the student’s progress, additional diagnostic testing may be required in consultation with the program committee.

B. Modern Languages:

(i) Departmental language exam in German, French, or Italian by the beginning of the second year (early September). Native speakers are excused. Students have up to two attempts to pass. 

(ii) Departmental language exam in a second language of German, French, or Italian by the beginning of the third year (early September). Native speakers are excused. Students have up to two attempts to pass.

(iii) Students with sufficient language proficiency may take the tests in two languages in the first year.

(II) First-year seminar in Philosophy

(III) 14 Courses:

(i) At least 4 should be in ancient philosophy, including at least two involving original language work.

(ii) Of 10 remaining courses 5 should be in Classics, 5 in Philosophy.

(a) Of 5 in Philosophy, one should be in history of philosophy other than ancient philosophy, at least one should be in Metaphysics, Epistemology, Philosophy of Mind and/or Philosophy of Language, and at least one should be in ethics and value theory. Students must satisfy the Logic requirement as per the general Philosophy PhD program.

The First Year Seminar, Philosophy 705, must be taken by all students in their first year.  This course counts towards the 5 courses to be taken in Philosophy but does not count toward any of the distribution groups.

(b) Of 5 in Classics, at least one course should involve original language work in Greek and at least one course should involve original language work in Latin. Courses beyond this should be chosen, in consultation with the program committee, so as best to prepare candidates for their qualifying examinations. It is expected that candidates will at least audit one course per year involving reading of a philosophical text in the original language, irrespective of courses taken.

In recognition of previous graduate-level work done at Yale or elsewhere, the Program Committee in consultation with the two Directors of Graduate Studies may recommend waiving a maximum of three courses of the requirement (including logic), not more than two of which may be counted against Philosophy graduate courses and not more than one of which may be counted against Classics graduate courses at Yale. Graduate students must take at least one class in two of the three categories listed in the Yale Philosophy department, not counting classes in ancient philosophy. Credit for course work done elsewhere does not reduce the tuition or residency requirement of the Graduate School. Whether a waiver is granted is ultimately be decided by the Graduate School.

(IV) Qualifying Exams and Papers

(i) Translation examinations in Greek and Latin, based on the  Philosophy Track Reading List , by the beginning of the 6th term in residence.

(ii) An oral examination in Greek and Latin based on the Philosophy Track Reading List, by the end of the 6th term in residence.

(iii) 2 qualifying papers, one of which must be in ancient philosophy and one of which must be on a philosophical topic other than ancient philosophy, by the end of the 5th term in residence.

(V) Dissertation Prospectus

A Dissertation Prospectus must be complete by the end of the 7th term in residence

(VI) Philosophy Department work-in-progress seminar

The Philosophy Department has a work-in-progress seminar once or twice a year where students present their work-in-progress (qualifying papers, chapters of the thesis, or other publications) and discuss other students’ work.  We strongly encourage those who are advanced to candidacy to take this seminar.

(VII)  Dissertation

Early Modern Studies

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1.    Practice translation tests in Greek and Latin on texts assigned from the Classical Philology reading lists; these are taken before the beginning of the first and third terms and are meant to help students prepare for the qualifying translation exams to be taken before the beginning of the fifth term in the program.

2.    A proseminar offering an introduction to the discipline of Classics and its various subdisciplines, to be taken in the first year in residence.

3.    Departmental reading examinations in French (or Italian) and German. The first (in either language) is to be passed by the end of the first year; the other may be passed at any time before submission of the dissertation; students are, however, encouraged to complete this requirement as early in the program as possible.

4.    A minimum of twelve term courses, with the following stipulations: (i) two yearlong survey courses in the history of Greek and Latin literature (four courses in total); (ii) four courses prescribed by Early Modern Studies, including EMST 700, which counts for a single course; (iii) four other graduate courses in CLSS. In addition, EMST 800 (Early Modern Colloquium) must be taken concurrently with EMST 700; and EMST 900 (the prospectus workshop) is taken in the third year. Neither of these two courses (EMST 800 and EMST 900) count towards the minimum course requirement. 

5.    Greek and Latin composition. (This requirement may, but need not, be satisfied by courses taken under [4] above.)

6.    Oral examinations in Greek and Latin literature, based on the syllabus covered by the survey courses, drawn from the Classical Philology Ph.D. reading list. These are to be taken closely following the surveys in the respective literatures, as follows: the first, at the end of the second term (May of the first year), the second at the end of the fourth term (May of the second year).

7.    Translation examinations in Greek and Latin, based on the Classical Philology Ph.D. reading list, by the beginning of the fifth term in residence.

8.    Four special field exams to be taken in the fall of the third year (fifth term in residence); two of these must be at least partly in a classical field and two must be at least partly in an early modern field. 

9.    A dissertation prospectus by the end of the sixth term in residence. The procedures for approval of the prospectus are as for the Philology program, but at least one member of the EMST faculty, as approved by the DGS in Early Modern Studies, must be on the prospectus approval committee (which is a committee of the whole in Classics); the prospective thesis committee, the DGS and the EMST faculty member must approve of the prospectus.

10.  A dissertation. Once dissertation writing has begun, students will present work in progress from the dissertation at least once per academic year. Research presentations will normally take the form of pre-circulation of a selection of work from the dissertation and a discussion of it with interested faculty, or some other research presentation experience approved by the DGS. This is a requirement for remaining in good standing; exemptions from it require the support of the dissertation adviser and the approval of the graduate committee.

Department of Comparative Literature

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The Graduate Program of the Comparative Literature department invites students to the study and understanding of literature beyond linguistic or national boundaries. We challenge our students to engage with the theory, interpretation, and criticism of literature from across the globe and to explore its interactions with adjacent fields like visual and material culture, linguistics, film and media studies, psychology, law, philosophy and history. The department encourages students to develop their skill at textual analysis while challenging them to reflect theoretically on the acts of writing and reading, as on the connections between literature and other realms of human experience. It is home four doctoral degree programs: a degree in Comparative Literature, as well as joint degrees with Classics , Film and Media Studies and Renaissance Studies . Our current graduate students , who come from over fifteen different countries, work in over twenty languages from all over the world and pursued a variety of innovative research projects. 

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Director of undergraduate studies : Andrew Johnston  [Spring 2024]; Jessica Lamont [Fall 2024/Spring 2025]; 311 Phelps Hall; classics.yale.edu

The Department of Classics offers a major in Classics, concentrating in either Greek or Latin literature, or in both literatures; a major in Classical Civilization; and, in conjunction with the Hellenic Studies program, a major in Ancient and Modern Greek. The diversity of subject matter covered by these majors makes Classics an excellent partner in interdepartmental major programs. Programs for all majors must be approved by the director of undergraduate studies (DUS).

Course numbering

All CLCV courses are taught in translation, with no knowledge of Greek or Latin required. CLCV courses numbered 001–099 are First-Year Seminars, with enrollment limited to eighteen. CLCV courses numbered at the 100-level and 200-level are primarily introductory, lecture-style courses, which may or may not include a discussion-section component. CLCV courses numbered at the 300-level are discussion-oriented seminars, with enrollment limited to fifteen. 

For courses in Ancient Greek (GREK) and Latin language (LATN), those at the 100-level are introductory and intermediate courses (L1, L2, L3, and L4), while those at the 400-level are advanced seminar-style courses (L5).

Placement Procedures

Students are encouraged to take courses as advanced as they can handle with profit and pleasure. The department, recognizing the great variety of preparation in ancient languages, wishes to accommodate incoming students in as flexible a manner as possible. Students who plan either to begin or to continue the study of Greek or Latin should consult members of the departmental faculty as soon as possible.

Students who have had the equivalent of two years of college-level instruction may try a 400-level course. It is possible to take GREK 141 or LATN 141 after a 400-level course, or to be admitted to a 400-level course after completion of GREK 131 or LATN 131 . 

Requirements of the Major in Classics

The major in Classics is primarily a liberal arts major. It provides a rigorous interdisciplinary education in the literature, material culture, and history that underlie Western civilization and other humanities disciplines; it can also provide foundational disciplinary expertise for students who wish to do professional graduate work. Students develop a mastery of the classical languages, become acquainted with important periods and major authors in Greek and Roman literature, and develop the linguistic, historical, and theoretical interpretative tools to analyze classical antiquity and its relevance in the modern world. All courses in the department emphasize a combination of precise analysis, original thought, creativity, and breadth of historical inquiry. Courses in other literatures, in history, in art history, and in philosophy are strongly recommended for students enrolled in the Classics major.

The department recognizes three concentrations for this major, one aiming at knowledge of both ancient literatures, Greek and Latin; one concentrating on Greek literature, and the third concentrating on Latin literature.

Students are held to the requirements that were in place when they declared their major .  However, with approval from the director   of undergraduate studies (DUS), the following requirements, updated for  the academic year 2023-2024, may be fulfilled by students who declared the   major in a prior term.

The concentration in two literatures requires no fewer than twelve term courses (including senior requirement). These include six language courses in both Greek and Latin at the level of 390 or above, of which no fewer than two must be taken in each language. These six courses must include GREK 403  or  LATN 390 . Also required are one course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Greece (CLCV at the 100- or 200-level), one course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Rome (CLCV at the 100- or 200-level), one course in a related field in ancient history, and one course in a related field in ancient history, ancient philosophy, classical art and archaeology, or classical civilization.

Students concentrating in one literature (Greek or Latin) are required to take no fewer than twelve term courses (including the senior requirement). These include six language courses in that literature level of 390 or above, and must include  GREK 403  or  LATN 390 . Also required are one course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Greece (CLCV at the 100- or 200-level), one course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Rome (CLCV at the 100- or 200-level), a course in ancient history related to the chosen literature, and an additional course in ancient history, classical art and archaeology, ancient philosophy, or classical civilization.  Students are encouraged to do some work in the second language and may substitute two terms at the intermediate level (131 and 141) or higher in the second language for two 400-level courses in the major literature. 

Credit/D/Fail  Courses taken Credit/D/Fail may not be counted toward the requirements of the major.

Senior Requirement 

Students must enroll in one or two semesters of the Classics Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 , or CLSS 498 and CLSS 499 ). The Senior Tutorial is designed to accommodate a range of culminating experiences in the field of Classics: an original work of scholarly research, an intensive study of language and literature based on a customized reading list, or an alternative creative project. A faculty advisor should be selected and a brief proposal submitted for approval by the end of the junior year. Students who elect the one-term Senior Tutorial must take one additional course to fulfill the requirements of the major; this can be any course designated CLCV, CLSS, LATN, or GREK; or–with approval of the DUS–a relevant course in another field of study.  

Combined B.A./M.A. degree  Exceptionally able and well-prepared students may complete a course of study leading to the simultaneous award of the B.A. and M.A. degrees after eight terms of enrollment. See Academic Regulations, section L, Special Academic Arrangements , “Simultaneous Award of the Bachelor's and Master's Degrees.” Interested students should consult the DUS prior to the sixth term of enrollment for specific requirements in Classics.

SUMMARY OF MAJOR REQUIREMENTS

Prerequisites  None

Number of courses  12 term courses (incl senior requirement)

Specific courses required   GREK 403 or LATN 390

Distribution of courses   All concentrations —1 course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Greece, and 1 course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Rome; 1 addtl course in ancient hist, classical art and archaeology, ancient philosophy, or classical civ;  Two literatures concentration —6 courses in both langs at level 390 or above, with one of those being GREK 403 or LATN 390 ; 1 course in ancient hist; One literature concentration —6 courses in lit at level 390 or above, with one of those being GREK 403 for the Greek major and LATN 390 for the Latin major; 1 course in ancient hist related to lit of major

Substitution permitted  One literature —2 courses in the other literature numbered 131 or higher for 2 courses in the major literature at 400 level

Senior requirement  Two terms of Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 and CLSS 499 ) or one-term Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 ) and an additional course

Requirements of the Major in Classical Civilization

The major in Classical Civilization is designed to offer students an opportunity to study an entire Western civilization in its many diverse but related aspects. The literature, history, philosophy, religion, art, archaeology, and other aspects of Greek and Roman antiquity from the earliest beginnings in Greece to the Middle Ages are studied for their intrinsic artistic value, their historical significance, and their power to illuminate problems confronting contemporary societies. Each year, the department offers courses that focus on ways that subsequent ages have used and made sense of classical antiquity. Ancient texts are studied primarily in translation, under the guidance of instructors who have expertise in Greek and Latin.

Students are held to the requirements that were in place when they declared their major .  However, with approval from the director   of undergraduate studies (DUS), the following requirements, updated  for  the academic year 2023-2024, may be fulfilled by students who declared the   major in a prior term.

Candidates for the major complete at least twelve term courses (including the Senior Tutorial) in Classics and related departments. Of these, two must be in ancient history and/or classical art and archaeology; and two must be in Greek or Latin, or both, numbered 131 or higher (the latter courses should be completed by the end of the junior year). Students must also take one course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Greece (CLCV at the 100- or 200-level), and one term course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Rome (CLCV at the 100- or 200-level). It is strongly recommended that candidates elect one course each in the general areas of ancient epic, drama, philosophy, Roman civilization, and the classical tradition. Candidates for the major are encouraged to take related courses in other departments.  

Students must enroll in one or two semesters of the Classics Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 , or CLSS 498 and CLSS 499 ). The Senior Tutorial is designed to accommodate a range of culminating experiences in the field of Classics: an original work of scholarly research, an intensive study of language and literature based on a customized reading list, or an alternative creative project. A faculty advisor should be selected and a brief proposal submitted for approval by the end of the junior year. Students who elect the one-term Senior Tutorial must take one additional course to fulfill the requirements of the major; this can be any course designated CLCV, CLSS, LATN, or GREK; or–with approval of the DUS–a relevant course in another field of study.   

Prerequisites  None

Number of courses  12 term courses (incl senior requirement)

Specific courses required  None

Distribution of courses  2 courses in ancient history   and/or classical art and archaeology; 2 courses in Greek or Latin, or both, numbered 131 or higher; 1 course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Greece, and 1 course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Rome

Senior requirement  Two terms of Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 and CLSS 499 ) or one-term Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 ) and additional course

Requirements Of the Major in Ancient and Modern Greek

The major in Ancient and Modern Greek offers students an opportunity to integrate the study of postclassical Greek language, history, and culture with the departmental program in ancient Greek and classical civilization. The major covers Hellenic civilization from the Bronze Age to the modern day, and traces the development of the language and the culture across traditionally drawn boundaries. The study of both ancient and modern Greek allows the student to appreciate how familiarity with one enriches understanding of the other, and to chart the development of a language which has one of the oldest continuous written traditions in the world. The literature, history, philosophy, religion, and art of the ancient Greek and Greco-Roman worlds are studied both as ends in themselves and also as a foundation for appreciating later (medieval, Ottoman, and modern) developments in these areas. Students are encouraged to develop a sense of the continuity of Greek language and culture, and an understanding of how Byzantine and modern forms relate to their ancient forebears.

The major in Ancient and Modern Greek requires at least twelve term courses. These include four term courses at the level of 390 or above in ancient Greek, one of which should be GREK 403 ; and four term courses, to consist of: one term course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Greece (a course with the designation CLCV at the 100- or 200-level), one term course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Rome (a course with the designation CLCV at the 100- or 200-level), one term course in ancient Greek history, and at least one additional term course in the history, art history, literature, or culture of the Greek-speaking Balkans or the Hellenic diaspora in the medieval, Ottoman, or modern period.  Candidates are encouraged to take a wide range of courses in the areas of ancient philosophy, religion, art, and architecture. In addition, no fewer than two term courses in modern Greek must be elected at the intermediate level ( MGRK 130 , MGRK 140 ), or above.

Credit/D/Fail  Courses taken Credit/D/Fail may not be counted toward the requirements of the major.

Number of courses  12 term courses (incl senior requirement)

Specific courses required  GREK 403

Distribution of courses  4 term courses in ancient Greek numbered 390 or higher, as indicated and incl GREK 403 ; 4 term courses in Greek and Roman history and lit, as indicated; 2 term courses in modern Greek at the intermediate level

Senior requirement  Two terms of Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 and CLSS 499 ) or one-term Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 ) and additional course

Classics Major

12 courses (for 12 credits), including the senior requirement

Students chose to major in one of three concentrations

• Two literatures
• One literature: Greek
• One literature: Latin

Requirements for all the concentrations

• 1 course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Greece
• 1 course that covers broadly the literature and/or culture of ancient Rome
• 1 additional course in ancient history, classical art and archaeology, ancient philosophy, or classical civilization
• 2 terms of Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498  and CLSS 499 ) or one-term Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 ) and an additional course

Requirements for Two Literatures concentration

• 6 courses in both Greek and Latin at level 390 or above, with one of those being  GREK 403  or  LATN 390
• 1 additional course in ancient history

Requirements for One Literature concentration (either Greek or Latin)

• 6 courses in literature at level 390 or above, with one of those being  GREK 403  for the Greek major and  LATN 390  for the Latin major
• 1 course in ancient history related to the literature of the major

Classical Civilization Major

Requirements.

• 2 courses in ancient history and/or classical art and archaeology
• 2 courses in Greek or Latin, or both, numbered 131 or higher
• 2 terms of Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 and CLSS 499 ) or one-term Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 ) and additional course

Ancient and Modern Greek Major

12 term courses (for 12 credits), including the senior requirement

• 4 courses in ancient Greek numbered 390 or higher, including  GREK 403
• 4 courses in Greek and Roman history and literature
• 2 courses in modern Greek at the intermediate level
• 2 terms of Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498  and CLSS 499 ) or one-term Senior Tutorial ( CLSS 498 ) and additional course

The Classics department offers courses in the languages, literatures, and civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome. Students may choose to major in Classics, with a focus on Latin, Greek, or Greek and Latin; in Classical Civilization; or in Ancient and Modern Greek.

Students majoring in Classics develop a mastery of classical languages and become acquainted with major authors and genres in Greek and Roman literature, as well as the appropriate cultural and historical contexts for interpreting this literature. During the course of their study, students learn how to interpret Greek and Latin texts from the perspective of audiences and readers in antiquity, and to understand the way in which these texts have circulated in subsequent periods. Courses in other literatures, in history, and in philosophy are strongly recommended for students enrolled in the Classics major.

The Classical Civilization major offers students an opportunity to study the ancient Mediterranean, with a focus on ancient Greece and Rome in its many diverse but related aspects. The major spans the literature, history, philosophy, religion, art, archaeology, and other aspects of Greek and Roman antiquity from early Greek history to the early Middle Ages. Each year the department also offers a number of courses that focus on the dialogue between antiquity and modernity, exploring ways in which Greek and Roman literature, art, and thought might illuminate questions and problems confronting contemporary society. Greek and Roman texts are studied primarily in translation, under the guidance of instructors who know these texts in the original languages.

The major in Ancient and Modern Greek, offered in conjunction with the  Hellenic Studies program , allows students to integrate the study of postclassical Greek language, history, and culture with the departmental program in ancient Greek and classical civilization. The major covers Hellenic civilization from the Bronze Age to the modern day, and traces the development of the language and the culture across traditionally drawn boundaries. The literature, history, philosophy, religion, and art of the ancient Greek and Greco-Roman worlds are studied both as ends in themselves and also as a foundation for appreciating later (medieval, Ottoman, and modern) developments in these areas.

Students in all three majors are encouraged to pursue interests in related fields, such as linguistics, art history, archaeology, history, or philosophy.

There are no placement examinations in Latin or ancient Greek. Students who want advice about what level of course to take should consult the director of undergraduate studies (DUS) prior to the start of the fall term.

The introductory courses in ancient Greek and Latin are:

• GREK 110 , Beginning Greek: The Elements of Greek Grammar
• GREK 120 , Beginning Greek: Review of Grammar and Selected Readings
• GREK 125 , Intensive Beginning Greek
• LATN 110 , Beginning Latin: The Elements of Latin Grammar
• LATN 120 , Beginning Latin: Review of Grammar and Selected Readings
• LATN 125 , Intensive Beginning Latin

General survey courses in classical civilization include:

• CLCV 125 , Introduction to Ancient Philosophy
• CLCV 205 , Introduction to Ancient Greek History
• CLCV 206 , The Roman Republic
• CLCV 256 , Life and Death in Ancient Athens
• CLCV 257 , Cultural Introduction to the Romans

Certificates of Advanced Language Study

The Classics Department offers a Certificate of Advanced Language Study to non-majors in ancient Greek and in Latin. A certificate adviser, typically the director of undergraduate studies (DUS), advises students on the certification process. The Certificate of Advanced Language Study, once certified, is listed on the student transcript. 

Students seeking to earn the certificate are required to take four courses in ancient Greek or Latin beyond the L4 level (four L5 courses; 400-level Greek or 400-level Latin courses), at least two of which must be Yale courses designated as L5. All courses must be taken for a letter grade, and students must achieve a grade of B or above. With the approval of the certificate adviser, one course, conducted in the target language, such as an independent study course, a graduate seminar, or an advanced seminar may count toward certification requirements.

The certificate adviser may allow one “language across the curriculum” (LxC) course taught in English to count toward the certification requirements, provided the course includes at minimum a weekly discussion section conducted entirely in the target language. The discussion section must enroll a minimum of three students and the course must be designated as LxC in the course description.

The adviser may also approve the substitution of up to two credits earned during study abroad and taught in the target language to count toward the certificate requirements. If the adviser approves courses taken outside of Yale for inclusion in the certificate requirements, students must take the necessary steps to ensure those courses appear on their transcripts.

Credit/D/Fail  No courses taken Credit/D/Fail may be counted toward the requirements of the certificate.

Declaration of Candidacy

Students  must submit a Declaration of Candidacy for  a  Certificate  form , as early as possible,  but at the  very  latest, before  the  start  of  the student’s last semester at Yale.  The   form  can be   found on the   University Registrar’s Office  website . Once  declared, Degree Audit tracks students' progress toward completion of  the  certificate.

FACULTY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF CLASSICS

Professors  Egbert Bakker, Kirk Freudenburg, Milette Gaifman, Verity Harte, Brad Inwood, Christina Kraus, Noel Lenski, Pauline LeVen, Joseph Manning

Associate Professor Andrew Johnston

Assistant Professors Jessica Lamont, Erika Valdivieso

Lecturers Susan Matheson, James Patterson, Timothy Robinson, Joseph Solodow

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Fields include ancient, medieval, early modern, and modern Europe (including Britain, Russia, and Eastern Europe), United States, Latin America, East Asia, Southeast Asia, Middle East, Africa, Jewish history; and diplomatic, environmental, ethnic, intellectual, labor, military, political, religious, social, and women’s history, as well as the history of science and medicine (see also the program page for History of Science and Medicine).

• Programs of Study
• PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
• Combined PhD
• MA - Master of Arts
• Department of History

Lauren Benton

Director of Graduate Studies

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Marcy Kaufman

Departmental Registrar

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• 203-432-1361

Admission Requirements

Standardized testing requirements.

GRE is not accepted.

Program-Specific Application Requirements

A writing sample and a book review are required by this program. 

English Language Requirement

TOEFL iBT or IELTS Academic is required of most applicants whose native language is not English.

You may be exempt from this requirement if you have received (or will receive) an undergraduate degree from a college or university where English is the primary language of instruction, and if you have studied in residence at that institution for at least three years.

Combined Degree Program Application Deadline

*The deadline to submit an application to a combined program is always the earlier deadline of the two individual programs, or December 15, whichever comes first.

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History offers a combined PhD in conjunction with African American Studies and Classics .

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ARCHAIA: Yale Program for the Study of Global Antiquity

A University-Wide Initiative for the Study of Global Antiquity and the Premodern World. New frontiers and new perspectives on early civilizations. READ MORE

WELCOME TO ARCHAIA — the Yale Program for the Study of Global Antiquity. We aim to bring together faculty and students sharing an interest in antiquity and the premodern in a collaborative interdisciplinary forum. Archaia supplements the curriculum with seminars, including its flagship Ancient Societies series, conferences, and special lectures by scholars from Yale as well as visiting scholars, and offers a graduate qualification open to all PhD students at Yale and to students at the Divinity School. Through team-taught classes and multi-disciplinary initiatives, we foster opportunities to broaden our understanding of early civilizations and the methodologies employed to study them.  Archaia,  with its university-wide reach, is housed within Yale’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences, and is generously funded by the FAS Dean’s Office, the MacMillan Center, the Departments of Classics and Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, and the Judaic Studies Program with additional support from the Departments of East Asian Languages and Literatures, History of Art, Religious Studies, Yale Divinity School, and the Yale University Art Gallery . Read more

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Reparative sappho: a symposium on and around melissa mueller’s book.

Please join us for a day of celebration and discussion of Melissa Mueller’s “Sappho and Homer: a Reparative Reading” (Saturday, April 20th, 9-4.30pm, HQ 401. The author, invited guests from Barnard/Columbia, Chicago, UCLA and WFU, and faculty and students from several Yale departments (Classics, Comparative Literature, Humanities, NELC) will engage in readings of the book and the poetry it covers.  All welcome! But please rsvp to pauline.leven@yale.edu .

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Graduate Entry Prespecialty in Nursing (GEPN) Program, 1974

Medical Historical Library, Cushing/Whitney Medical Library > Graduate Entry Prespecialty in Nursing (GEPN) Program, 1974

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Yale grad students threaten hunger strike over university backing Israeli weapons

A group of Yale University graduate students is threatening to go on a hunger strike if the university doesn’t end alleged investment in arms manufacturers that are supplying Israel with weapons in its war against Hamas.

“We have sent a letter to our president, Peter Salovey, to demand that Yale Corporation divest from all arms manufacturing, especially in relation to the genocide in Gaza,” said a member of Graduate Students for Palestine , who declined to give her name.

She said the students are also demanding that the corporation, Yale’s board of trustees , discuss divestment at its April 20 meeting and release the minutes of the meeting.

“And if they refuse to do so, or if they refuse to respond, the graduate students will move to (a) hunger strike,” she said.

There have been a number of demonstrations at Yale and other universities in favor of Palestinians since Oct. 7, 2023, when Hamas attacked Israel and killed more than 1,100 Israelis and foreign nationals and took more than 240 hostages.

Also at Yale, in November 2023, a public space installation featured tables set up for a Shabbat dinner with 240 empty chairs at Cross Campus in New Haven, to symbolize and draw attention to the 240 hostages then still held by Hamas in Gaza

Israel’s military raids into Gaza during the war have killed more than 30,000 Palestinians, many of them children.

During one march, someone stuck a Palestinian flag into a menorah on the New Haven Green, which was quickly removed by another marcher. The action was condemned by city leaders as well as Jewish, Christian and Muslim clergy, politicians and police.

Gayle Slossberg, CEO of the Jewish Federation of Greater New Haven, said at the time that the video of the protester planting the flag on the menorah “is a deeply painful, painful thing to see. It evokes thousands of years of trauma and pain for the Jewish community.”

Thousands of Connecticut Muslims mourn for Gaza as holy month of Ramadan ends

The Yale student said if there were a hunger strike, “graduate students will gather at a place that we will disclose … and we will refuse to take in food, which will again only be a fraction of the famine and devastation that Palestinians are going through. And it will end once we receive a response from the president about divestment.”

She said it would be up to individuals how long they would strike.

“We have relay strikers, but we have also had folks who are going to indefinitely strike,” she said.

The woman claimed Salovey has made no statement against the high number of Palestinian deaths in the war.

“We have been repeatedly demanding a statement since October in various forms, from student protests to organized marches to meetings about Yale’s investment portfolio, etc., town halls, but no response.”

Salovey condemned the Hamas attack on Oct. 10 and also spoke out against acts of hatred toward Jews, Palestinians and other groups.

The Yale Investments Office as an Ethical Investment Policy . The Yale Board of Trustees has, for example, adopted a policy “ prohibiting investment in assault weapon retailers . Specifically, Yale will not invest in any retail outlets that market and sell assault weapons to the general public,” according to the Yale office website.

The Yale Daily News has reported that Salovey previously told it that “Yale’s Advisory Committee on Investor Responsibility, or ACIR, is reexamining policies and will determine if there are adequate grounds for divestment from weapons manufacturers.”

A spokeswoman for Yale was asked for a comment about the graduate students’ demands.

A different spokesperson later said, in a email, “On April 10, a collective of graduate and undergraduate students announced that they would begin a hunger strike on April 12 unless Yale made a public statement announcing its divestment from weapons manufacturing companies involved in the Hamas-Israel war.

“Yale is steadfastly committed to free expression and the right to peaceful protest, values that are foundational to our academic community. University staff have reached out to student organizers to provide them with resources.

Further, “Staff members will continue to emphasize the importance of student health and well-being during this time. Students participating in a hunger strike are encouraged to consult with clinicians at Yale Health.

“For more than 50 years, the university has employed a rigorous process to ensure the ethical management of its endowment, guided first and foremost by these longstanding principles. The Corporation Committee on Investor Responsibility (CCIR) considers and makes recommendations to the Board of Trustees on policy matters related to ethical investing. It is supported by the work of the Advisory Committee on Investor Responsibility (ACIR), whose members include alumni, staff, faculty, and students. You can learn more about the work to date here.

“Late last year, the ACIR was asked in its open meeting to consider a policy of divestment encompassing manufacturers of military weapons. The ACIR has looked into the issue and is preparing to provide an update to the community in the coming weeks.”

Editor’s note: This story has been updated with a comment from Yale, which was provided following the deadline for this story.

Ed Stannard can be reached at [email protected] .

©2024 Hartford Courant. Visit courant.com. Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.

Victor Mukhin

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Title : Active carbons as nanoporous materials for solving of environmental problems

However, up to now, the main carriers of catalytic additives have been mineral sorbents: silica gels, alumogels. This is obviously due to the fact that they consist of pure homogeneous components SiO2 and Al2O3, respectively. It is generally known that impurities, especially the ash elements, are catalytic poisons that reduce the effectiveness of the catalyst. Therefore, carbon sorbents with 5-15% by weight of ash elements in their composition are not used in the above mentioned technologies. However, in such an important field as a gas-mask technique, carbon sorbents (active carbons) are carriers of catalytic additives, providing effective protection of a person against any types of potent poisonous substances (PPS). In ESPE “JSC "Neorganika" there has been developed the technology of unique ashless spherical carbon carrier-catalysts by the method of liquid forming of furfural copolymers with subsequent gas-vapor activation, brand PAC. Active carbons PAC have 100% qualitative characteristics of the three main properties of carbon sorbents: strength - 100%, the proportion of sorbing pores in the pore space – 100%, purity - 100% (ash content is close to zero). A particularly outstanding feature of active PAC carbons is their uniquely high mechanical compressive strength of 740 ± 40 MPa, which is 3-7 times larger than that of  such materials as granite, quartzite, electric coal, and is comparable to the value for cast iron - 400-1000 MPa. This allows the PAC to operate under severe conditions in moving and fluidized beds.  Obviously, it is time to actively develop catalysts based on PAC sorbents for oil refining, petrochemicals, gas processing and various technologies of organic synthesis.

Victor M. Mukhin was born in 1946 in the town of Orsk, Russia. In 1970 he graduated the Technological Institute in Leningrad. Victor M. Mukhin was directed to work to the scientific-industrial organization "Neorganika" (Elektrostal, Moscow region) where he is working during 47 years, at present as the head of the laboratory of carbon sorbents.     Victor M. Mukhin defended a Ph. D. thesis and a doctoral thesis at the Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (in 1979 and 1997 accordingly). Professor of Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia. Scientific interests: production, investigation and application of active carbons, technological and ecological carbon-adsorptive processes, environmental protection, production of ecologically clean food.   

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Marynel vázquez named the 2024 recipient of the yale graduate school’s graduate mentor award in physical sciences and engineering.

The Graduate Mentor Award recognizes faculty members who are exceptional in fostering the intellectual, professional, and personal development of their students. It is the university’s principal award for superb teaching, advising, and mentoring of graduate students.

Each year, a selection committee comprised of previous Graduate Mentor Award winners, and delegates from the Graduate Student Assembly and the Graduate School, receives scores of letters from graduate students nominating outstanding mentors from across our campus. We are grateful to everyone who took the time to submit thoughtful nominations acknowledging the dedication of these most generous scholars and teachers.

The Graduate Mentor Award winners will be recognized at this year’s Graduate School Convocation ceremony in May at the Yale University Art Gallery.

Congratulations, Marynel!

Some results uranium dioxide powder structure investigation

• Processes of Obtaining and Properties of Powders
• Published: 28 June 2009
• Volume 50 , pages 281–285, ( 2009 )

Cite this article

• E. I. Andreev 1 ,
• K. V. Glavin 2 ,
• A. V. Ivanov 3 ,
• V. V. Malovik 3 ,
• V. V. Martynov 3 &
• V. S. Panov 2  

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Features of the macrostructure and microstructure of uranium dioxide powders are considered. Assumptions are made on the mechanisms of the behavior of powders of various natures during pelletizing. Experimental data that reflect the effect of these powders on the quality of fuel pellets, which is evaluated by modern procedures, are presented. To investigate the structure of the powders, modern methods of electron microscopy, helium pycnometry, etc., are used. The presented results indicate the disadvantages of wet methods for obtaining the starting UO 2 powders by the ammonium diuranate (ADU) flow sheet because strong agglomerates and conglomerates, which complicate the process of pelletizing, are formed. The main directions of investigation that can lead to understanding the regularities of formation of the structure of starting UO 2 powders, which will allow one to control the process of their fabrication and stabilize the properties of powders and pellets, are emphasized.

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Elektrostal’ Polytechnical Institute (Branch), Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys, ul. Pervomaiskaya 7, Elektrostal’, Moscow oblast, 144000, Russia

E. I. Andreev

Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys (State Technical University), Leninskii pr. 4, Moscow, 119049, Russia

K. V. Glavin & V. S. Panov

JSC “Mashinostroitelny Zavod”, ul. K. Marksa 12, Elektrostal’, Moscow oblast, 144001, Russia

A. V. Ivanov, V. V. Malovik & V. V. Martynov

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Correspondence to K. V. Glavin .

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Original Russian Text © E.I. Andreev, K.V. Glavin, A.V. Ivanov, V.V. Malovik, V.V. Martynov, V.S. Panov, 2009, published in Izvestiya VUZ. Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya i Funktsional’nye Pokrytiya, 2008, No. 4, pp. 19–24.

About this article

Andreev, E.I., Glavin, K.V., Ivanov, A.V. et al. Some results uranium dioxide powder structure investigation. Russ. J. Non-ferrous Metals 50 , 281–285 (2009). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1067821209030183

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Published : 28 June 2009

Issue Date : June 2009

DOI : https://doi.org/10.3103/S1067821209030183

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• nuclear fuel
• uranium dioxide
• uranium protoxide-oxide
• crystallite
• agglomerate
• conglomerate
• surface morphology
• ADU-ammonium diuranate
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