essay about magna carta in the philippines

Empowering Women Through the Magna Carta: A Closer Look at the Philippines' Gender Equality Law

  • Last updated: 13 June 2023 16:45
  • Created: 17 November 2018 15:24

The Magna Carta of Women or the Republic Act 9710 is a landmark law in the Philippines that aims to promote the empowerment and rights of women. It was signed into law on August 14, 2009, and serves as a comprehensive legislation that recognizes the unequal status of women in the country and seeks to address various forms of discrimination and violence that they face.

History of the Law

The Magna Carta of Women was a result of years of advocacy and lobbying by various women's groups in the Philippines. It is also a response to international commitments that the Philippine government has made to promote gender equality and women's rights. The law was enacted during the presidency of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, and was a major milestone in the country's efforts to promote gender equality.

Key Provisions of the Law

The Magna Carta of Women has several key provisions that aim to promote gender equality and women's empowerment. These include the elimination of discrimination against women in all aspects of life, promotion of women's political participation and representation, provision of equal opportunities for women in education, training, and employment, protection of women from violence, and recognition of women's rights in marriage and family relations.

Addressing Discrimination Against Women

One of the primary goals of the Magna Carta of Women is to eliminate discrimination against women in all aspects of life. This includes addressing gender stereotypes and biases that prevent women from participating in various fields, such as politics, business, and the arts. The law also promotes women's political participation and representation, both in elective and appointive positions.

Protecting Women from Violence

The Magna Carta of Women also seeks to protect women from violence, including sexual harassment, exploitation, and trafficking. The law provides support and assistance for victims of violence against women, and mandates government agencies to implement programs and initiatives that address the specific needs of women who are victims of violence.

Recognizing Women's Rights in Marriage and Family Relations

The Magna Carta of Women recognizes the rights of women in marriage and family relations, including the right to choose their own spouse and the right to inherit property. The law also promotes women's reproductive health and rights, and ensures that women have access to comprehensive health services and information.

Implementation of the Magna Carta of Women

Several government agencies are mandated to ensure the promotion of gender equality and the implementation of the Magna Carta of Women. Various programs and initiatives have been created to empower women, such as the Gender and Development (GAD) budget policy, which mandates government agencies to allocate a certain percentage of their budget to programs that promote gender equality. However, there are still challenges in the implementation of the law, such as inadequate resources and cultural barriers.

Impact of the Magna Carta of Women on Women's Empowerment

The Magna Carta of Women has had a positive impact on women's rights and empowerment in the Philippines. For example, more women are now participating in politics and business, and more women are aware of their rights and how to assert them. However, there are still areas for improvement and further action, such as addressing cultural barriers that prevent women from fully participating in society.

The Magna Carta of Women is a significant law that promotes gender equality and women's empowerment in the Philippines. It recognizes the unequal status of women in the country and seeks to address the various forms of discrimination and violence that they face. While there have been successes in the implementation of the law, there are still challenges and areas for improvement. It is important for all stakeholders to continue to support the law and its implementation, and to work towards a more equal and just society for all.

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Thirteen years of the magna carta of women

essay about magna carta in the philippines

On Aug. 14, 2009, Republic Act No. 9710 or the Magna Carta of Women was signed into law by no less than President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, a female president. A law 10 years and three congresses in the making, the magna carta’s passage remains invaluable as the first sovereign guarantee that the Philippines commits itself to advancing the rights of women in the Philippines. It also operates as the local law from which the provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women can be implemented.

Thirteen years hence, has the magna carta leveled the playing field for women? Or has its implementation been of face value—more fair of face than fair in the home or business space?

A textual analysis of the magna carta shows that the law guarantees the protection of women from all forms of violence, and with this, the law enforcement pillars of the Philippines have established gender or violence against women desks. Protection in times of disaster, calamities, and other crisis situations has also been a priority of the Philippine government since the passage of the magna carta. Special attention to women’s vulnerability and safety during calamities and when displaced has gone a long way in ensuring women have sufficient security in all phases of relief, recovery, and rehabilitation efforts. Participation and representation in civil service. Policy planning bodies now provide for the inclusion of women representatives.

At the heart of all of these initiatives is the Philippine Commission on Women (PCW), which leads the national gender mainstreaming strategy. In the last decade, the PCW has (1) provided capacity-building support for gender and development (GAD) programs; (2) pushed for the acceptance of more gender-responsive development assistance projects; (3) enhanced existing implementing tools and mechanisms for the development and implementation of GAD plans and programs; and (4) steered for the inclusion of gender perspective in policy planning.

However, much work remains, and in order to deepen the Philippines’ commitment to remove gender inequalities, the following systemic changes need to be made:

Philippine rape laws should be amended to remove the forgiveness clause.

The Family Code of the Philippines needs to be updated. The law’s continued grant of preference to the father or husband on consent to marriages, administration and enjoyment of community property, disagreements, and legal guardianship only serves an archaic system that no longer fits today’s more equitable households.

The criminal provisions on adultery and concubinage need to be revised.

The recent passage of RA 11210 or the Extended Maternity Leave Law and RA 11313 or the Safe Spaces Act, led also by the PCW, are laudable changes in the right direction. If the Philippines is, indeed, committed to truly eliminate discrimination, providing flexibility and security in the workplace goes a long way in ensuring that women stay and thrive in their jobs.

Perhaps, and as a guidepost on the anniversary of the magna carta, it is time to review what we can do more. We all need to convene and use this celebratory month to retrospect and introspect—to discuss with and about women more for the magna carta not to be merely aspirational, but operational.

——————

Kristine C. Francisco-Alcantara is managing partner of Abad Alcantara and Associates and program officer of PhilWEN and Oxfam’s GRAISEA Project.

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Today’s front page, Sunday, March 24, 2024

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A primer: Magna Carta of Women

  • Atty. Lorna Patajo-Kapunan
  • March 16, 2020
  • 7 minute read

IN celebration of March as Women’s Month, here is a Primer on Women’s Rights as laid down in the Magna Carta of Women (Republic Act 9710).

The Magna Carta of Women is a comprehensive women’s human- rights law that seeks to eliminate discrimination against women by recognizing, protecting, fulfilling and promoting the rights of Filipino women, especially those in marginalized sector.

The Magna Carta of Women defines discrimination against women as:

•             Any gender-based distinction, exclusion, or restriction which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field;

•             Any act or omission, including by law, policy, administrative measure, or practice, that directly or indirectly excludes or restricts women in the recognition and promotion of their rights and their access to and enjoyment of opportunities, benefits or privileges;

•             A measure or practice of general application that fails to provide for mechanisms to offset or address sex or gender-based disadvantages or limitations of women, as a result of which women are denied or restricted in the recognition and protection of their rights and in their access to and enjoyment of opportunities, benefits or privileges; or women, more than men are shown to have suffered the greater adverse effects of those measures or practices; and

•             Discrimination compounded by or intersecting with other grounds, status, or condition, such as ethnicity, age, poverty or religion.

All rights in the Philippine Constitution and those rights recognized under international instruments duly signed and ratified by the Philippines, in consonance with Philippine laws shall be rights of women under the Magna Carta of Women. These rights shall be enjoyed without discrimination since the law prohibits discrimination against women, whether done by public and private entities or individuals.

The Magna Carta of Women also spells out every woman’s right to:

•             Protection from all forms of violence, including those committed by the State. This includes the incremental increase in the recruitment and training of women in government services that cater to women victims of gender-related offenses. It also ensures mandatory training on human rights and gender sensitivity to all government personnel involved in the protection and defense of women against gender-based violence, and mandates local government units to establish a Violence Against Women Desk in every barangay to address violence against women cases;

•             Protection and security in times of disaster, calamities and other crisis situations, especially in all phases of relief, recovery, rehabilitation and construction efforts, including protection from sexual exploitation, and other sexual and gender-based violence;

•             Participation and representation, including undertaking temporary special measures and affirmative actions to accelerate and ensure women’s equitable participation and representation in the third level civil service, development councils and planning bodies, as well as political parties and international bodies, including the private sector;

•             Equal treatment before the law, including the State’s review and when necessary amendment or repeal of existing laws that are discriminatory to women;

•             Equal access and elimination of discrimination against women in education, scholarships and training. This includes revising educational materials and curricula to remove gender stereotypes and images, and outlawing the expulsion, non-readmission, prohibiting enrollment and other related discrimination against women students and faculty due to pregnancy outside of marriage;

•             Equal participation in sports. This includes measures to ensure that gender-based discrimination in competitive and noncompetitive sports is removed so that women and girls can benefit from sports development;

•             Nondiscrimination in employment in the field of military, police and other similar services. This includes according the same promotional privileges and opportunities as their men counterpart, including pay increases, additional benefits, and awards, based on competency and quality of performance. The dignity of women in the military, police and other similar services shall always be respected, they shall be accorded with the same capacity as men to act in and enter into contracts, including marriage, as well as be entitled to leave benefits for women, such as maternity leave, as provided for in existing laws;

•             Nondiscriminatory and non-derogatory portrayal of women in media and film to raise the consciousness of the general public in recognizing the dignity of women and the role and contribution of women, in family, community, and the society through the strategic use of mass media;

•             Comprehensive health services and health information and education covering all stages of a woman’s life cycle, and which addresses the major causes of women’s mortality and morbidity, including access to, among others, maternal care, responsible, ethical, legal, safe and effective methods of family planning, and encouraging healthy lifestyle activities to prevent diseases;

•             Leave benefits of two months with full pay based on gross monthly compensation, for women employees who undergo surgery caused by gynecological disorders, provided that they have rendered continuous aggregate employment service of at least six months for the last 12 months;

•             Equal rights in all matters relating to marriage and family relations. The State shall ensure the same rights of women and men to: enter into and leave marriages, freely choose a spouse, decide on the number and spacing of their children, enjoy personal rights including the choice of a profession, own, acquire, and administer their property, and acquire, change, or retain their nationality. It also states that the betrothal and marriage of a child shall have no legal effect. The Magna Carta of Women also guarantees the civil, political and economic rights of women in the marginalized sectors, particularly their right to:

•             Food security and resources for food production, including equal rights in the titling of the land and issuance of stewardship contracts and patents;

•             Localized, accessible, secure and affordable housing;

•             Employment, livelihood, credit, capital and technology;

•             Skills training, scholarships, especially in research and development aimed toward women-friendly farm technology;

•             Representation and participation in policy-making or decision-making bodies in the regional, national and international levels;

•             Access to information regarding policies on women, including programs, projects and funding outlays that affect them;

•             Social protection;

n             Recognition and preservation of cultural identity and integrity provided that these cultural systems and practices are not discriminatory to women;

•             Inclusion in discussions on peace and development;

•             Services and interventions for women in especially difficult circumstances or WEDC;

•             Protection of girl-children against all forms of discrimination in education, health and nutrition, and skills development; and

•             Protection of women senior citizens.

The Magna Carta of Women defines the marginalized sectors as those who belong to the basic, disadvantaged, or vulnerable groups who are mostly living in poverty and have little or no access to land and other resources, basic social and economic services such as health care, education, water and sanitation, employment and livelihood opportunities, housing security, physical infrastructure and the justice system. These include, but are not limited to women in the following sectors or groups: Small farmers and rural workers, fisherfolk, urban poor, workers in the formal economy, workers in the informal economy, migrant workers, indigenous peoples, Moro, children, senior citizens, persons with disabilities and solo parents.

The State, the private sector, society in general, and all individuals shall contribute to the recognition, respect and promotion of the rights of women defined and guaranteed in the Magna Carta of Women. The Philippine government shall be the primary duty-bearer in implementing the said law. This means that all government offices, including local government units and government-owned and -controlled corporations shall be responsible to implement the provisions of Magna Carta of Women that falls within their mandate, particularly those that  guarantee rights of women that require specific action from the State. As the primary duty-bearer, the government is tasked to:

•             refrain from discriminating against women and violating their rights;

•             protect women against discrimination and from violation of their rights by private corporations, entities and individuals;

•             promote and fulfill the rights of women in all spheres, including their rights to substantive equality and nondiscrimination.

The government shall fulfill these duties through the development and implementation of laws, policies, regulatory instruments, administrative guidelines, and other appropriate measures, including temporary special measures. It shall also establish mechanisms to promote the coherent and integrated implementation of the Magna Carta of Women, and other related laws and policies to effectively stop discrimination against Filipino women.

(Reference web site: Philippine Commission on Women).

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Overcoming barriers to women’s work in the Philippines

Helle buchhave, nadia belhaj hassine belghith.

Woman cleans handrail at a mall in Taguig City, Philippines

The current status of women in the Philippines is both a cause for optimism and a reason to accelerate efforts for promoting better access to jobs for all women. On several fronts, the Philippines is a best performer when it comes to gender equality in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region and even globally. In the latest Global Gender Gap report, the Philippines occupies the 17th place, with 78.4% of its overall gender gap closed to date. This performance is the second best in the EAP region, after New Zealand. A key driver behind the progress has been the Philippine Magna Carta for Women, a landmark law signed nearly 13 years ago seeking to eliminate discrimination against women. 

With the impressive performance in closing key gender gaps, it is therefore striking that women’s labor force participation remains persistently low. At just 49%, the Philippines’ female labor force participation in 2019 was one of the lowest in the EAP region (regional average rate is 59%). In contrast, 76% of Filipino men were in the labor force, creating a massive gender gap. Progress towards closing the gap has been minimal and female labor force participation has remained roughly the same since 1990, with the gap shrinking by a mere 0.3 percentage points since 2015. 

Women’s low labor force participation represents a missed opportunity for economic growth and increased prosperity in the Philippines. An increase of women’s labor supply by a mere 0.5 percentage points per year would increase gross domestic product (GDP) per capita by about 6% by 2040 and almost 10% by 2050.  

In our recent report, Overcoming the Barriers to Women’s Economic Empowerment in the Philippines , we set out to better understand what is holding women back from the labor market and what is hindering the Philippines’ gain from the growth potential associated with women’s economic empowerment. We document that childcare and social norms about gender roles in the household play a critical role in holding back women’s participation in the labor market in the Philippines. The report adds to our research across the EAP region offering evidence on the linkages between constraints to women’s labor force participation and access to childcare services in Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Solomon Islands, and Vietnam . 

What are the barriers to women’s labor force participation in the Philippines? We find four main answers:

Skills. Women who work are mostly concentrated in low skill positions (due to economic necessity) or high skill occupations (because of high rates of education). Women in low skill positions work to avoid falling further into poverty, whereas women in high skill occupations tend to select into the labor force with high earnings potential. Although many women work in private establishments or are self-employed, an important share (around 10%) of women are employed without pay in family-owned businesses and as domestic workers, occupations which tend to offer narrower avenues for skills development and career growth. Men on the other hand represent only 4% in these occupations. An important lesson from the COVID-19 lockdown was that more than a third of women (35%) who remained employed were able to work from home as compared to 19% of men. The pandemic has also opened some new working-from-home opportunities with industries such as business process outsourcing and e-commerce . 

Wage gap. Women earn more on average than men, but women in low skill positions earn much less than men. In families with both men and women being low skilled workers, the household income will suffer significantly less if the female engages in unpaid work than if the man does. In low skill positions, the daily wage is over 50% higher for men than for women, whereas in high skill occupations, the daily wage is about 20% higher for women than for men.  

Care responsibilities. The number of children reduces the likelihood of women’s employment. A large proportion of women are held back from productive employment opportunities by their family responsibilities and the concentration of women in high-skill positions declines considerably when they have young children. Having been married and having a young child aged 0 to 2 years old decreases the probability of women’s participation in the labor market by 7-14 percentage points. The presence of domestic help reduces this negative effect, reflecting how economic inequalities reinforce gender disparities.

Norms. Attitudes and beliefs about women’s roles and responsibilities decrease the probability of women’s engagement in the labor market by 14 to 22 percentage points (ISSP Family and Changing Gender Roles Survey and World Values Survey).  According to our 2021 nationally representative survey on women’s work and childcare, 75% of male and 80% of female respondents agree that a man’s job is to earn money and a woman’s job is to take care of the family and home. More than 70% of men and 76% of women believe that the emotional and psychosocial development skills of a preschool child suffers with a mother working outside the home (a belief that stands in contract to global research see for example Devercelli and Beaton-Day 2020). Moreover, willingness to use childcare services is limited, with over 95% of both men and women believing that childcare should be provided by family members.

What can the government do? We discussed policy recommendations at a recent roundtable between the World Bank, the Philippines Commission on Women, National Economic and Development Authority, the Department of Education, and Oxfam Philippines. Key outcomes were that findings highlight the need for policies and programs that increase female labor force participation in the Philippines by i) providing alternatives to childcare in the home; ii) promoting policies supporting flexible work arrangements, including work from home and e-commerce , such as amendment of the Telecommuting Act (Republic Act 11165); and iii) addressing gendered social norms that affect women’s participation in the labor market through media campaigns, behavioral and attitude change interventions that influence opinions about masculinity, gender roles, earlier childhood development, legislation and company policies that equally promotes parents to engage in care responsibilities. 

“We keep gender equality front and center in our work,” according to Ndiame Diop , the World Bank’s Country Director for the Philippines, Malaysia and Thailand. The World Bank is committed to supporting the Philippines, and one of the priorities of the World Bank’s Philippines FY20-24 Country Gender Action Plan is to increase women’s access to paid labor.   

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Philippines Must Act on Magna Carta of Women

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essay about magna carta in the philippines

A Brief Analysis of the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom

The past couple of years have seen a growing interest in Internet regulation developed in a multistakeholder environment.  From Brazil to Jordan , such participatory processes have yielded mixed results, but around the world, many activists, policymakers, and other stakeholders remain optimistic that multistakeholder-developed regulation is possible.

Cut to the Philippines, where the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom (MCPIF)—a crowdsourced document—was recently filed as House Bill No. 1086 by Rep. Kimi Cojuangco and as Senate Bill No. 53 by Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago.

If passed, the MCPIF would repeal Republic Act No. 10175 (the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012), which we joined several local organizations in opposing last year.  The MCPIF would also guarantee a host of other freedoms; here is our guide to some of the key elements of the bill:

Free Expression

Section 4 of the bill pertains to freedom of expression, “[protecting] and [promoting] freedom of speech and expression on the Internet” and protecting the right of the people to petition the government via the Internet for “redress of grievances.”  The right of citizens to publish to the Internet without the requirement of a license is also specifically addressed.

Section 4(c) limits State use of prior restraint or subsequent punishment in relation to Internet-related rights only upon a judicial order conforming with provisions laid out in Section 5, and only under certain circumstances.  Section 4(d) protects persons from being forced to remove content beyond their means or control, specifically addressing mirrored and archived content.

Although free expression is protected, Section 52 places limits on certain types of speech “inimical to the public interest”:

Internet libel: defined as “public and malicious expression tending to cause the dishonor, discredit, or contempt of a natural or juridical person, or to blacken the memory of one who is dead, made on the Internet or on public networks”;

Hate speech: defined as “public and malicious expression calling for the commission of illegal acts on an entire class of persons, a reasonably broad section thereof, or a person belonging to such a class, based on gender, sexual orientation, religious belief or affiliation, political belief or affiliation, ethnic or regional affiliation, citizenship, or nationality, made on the Internet or on public networks” and;

Child pornography.

Atypically, the definition of Internet hate speech is incredibly limited, with the Act stating that it shall not lie if the expression “does not call for the commission of illegal acts on the person or class of persons that, when they are done, shall cause actual criminal harm to the person or class of persons, under existing law” and if it “does not call for the commission of illegal acts posing an immediate lawless danger to the public or to the person who is the object of the expression.”

Universal access

While Section 5 explicitly promotes universal access to the Internet, Section 5(b) allows for the suspension of an individual’s Internet access as an accessory to other penalties upon conviction of certain crimes, with certain checks and balances.  

Remarkably, Section 5(e) prevents persons or entities offering Internet access for free or for a fee (including hotels, schools, and religious groups) from restricting access to the Internet or limiting content that may be accessed by guests, employees or others “without a reasonable ground related to the protection of the person or entity from actual or legal threats, the privacy of others who may be accessing the network, or the privacy and security of the network as provided for in the Data Privacy Act of 2012 (RA 10173) or this Act.”

Section 7 addresses the right to innovation, allowing for State protection and promotion of innovation, and prohibiting persons from restricting or denying “the right to develop new information and communications technologies, without due process of law...”

With certain exceptions provided for in the Intellectual Property Code, Section 7(b) states that “no person shall be denied access to new information and communications technologies, nor shall any new information and communications technologies be blocked, censored, suppressed, or otherwise restricted, without due process of law or authority vested by law.”  Innovators are also protected from liability for the actions of users.

Right to Privacy

Section 8 provides for State promotion of the protection of the privacy of data, with Section 8(b) providing the right of users to employ encryption or cryptography “protect the privacy of the data or networks which such person owns or otherwise possesses real rights over.”

Section 8(d) guarantees a person’s right of privacy over his or her data or network rights, while 8(e) requires the State to maintain “appropriate level of privacy of the data and of the networks maintained by it.”

Section 9 refers to the protection of the security of data and 9(b) guarantees the right of persons to employ means “whether physical, electronic or behavioral” to protect the security of his or her data or networks.

Sections 9(c) and (d) refer to the rights of third parties over private data, requiring a court order issued in accordance with Section 5 of the Act to grant access, and preventing third parties from being given property rights to the data accessed.

Intellectual property

Section 10 protects intellectual property online in accordance with the existing Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines (RA 8293).  10(c) prevents Internet service providers and telecommunications entities from gaining intellectual property rights over derivative content that is the result of “creation, invention, innovation, or modification by a person using the service provided by the Internet service provider, telecommunications entity, or such person providing Internet or data services.”  

Section 39 addresses fair use, declaring that “the viewing, use, editing, decompiling, or modification, of downloaded or otherwise offline content on any computer, device, or equipment shall be considered fair use” with certain provisions.  

Section 48 deals with intellectual property infringement, with 48(a)(ii) notably defining the “non-attribution or plagiarism of copyleft content” as defined in section 38 as infringement.

Other Areas

In addition to the sections detailed above, the Act covers a range of other issue areas, including hacking, cyber crime, and human trafficking.  The Act also creates an Office of Cybercrime within the Department of Justice to be designated as the central authority in enforcement of the Act.  Notably, special courts in which judges are required to have specific expertise in computer science or IT are also designated to hear and resolve all cases brought under the Act.

Overall, the crowdsourced Act is a success story and we support our allies in the Phillippines as they work to push it forward in the Senate.

Bonus : Read the story of how the Act was crowdsourced!

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essay about magna carta in the philippines

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Why Support the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom

I still remember a time hearing the chime of bells as one gets connected to the Internet. I still remember a time you could cook four strips of bacon and still wait a bit more for a file to download. I could still remember Netscape. Where in the time did Carmen Sandiego go?

Today you could surf the Web using the mobile. Contact and talk to family and friends via Facebook. Get the news, gossip and false news via Twitter. Speaking of news and opinion, today you could probably read something crafted in Washington, Tokyo, Paris and Mexico. Reading a newspaper is no longer just reading. In the past reader wanting to react a piece of news or opinion by sitting down writing letter to the editor and mailing it. Perhaps you could even call the newspaper. And still your opinion will only be seen if at the end of the day someone deems it worth publishing. Today, a reader can almost automatically write a reaction on the article/post comment track – something from blogs ( or weB logs) that can often be seen in online newspapers. And it does not stop there – and it does not stop at that a reaction can be transformed into several things online.

The Digital world has became fused to our lives. And even though there is still the great digital divide: only about 35% of the Philippine is on-line (We still have to work on closing this divide): the Internet and the Web has become an important part of Philippine Society. First , because the Internet has become the information highway of economic growth. Second , because Internet Communication Technology and Computers have became a critical part of our daily lives. And Third , for all its imperfection cyberspace is a forum for ideas and a bastion of freedom … a fortress of Democracy.

And this is why we, people from all walks of life, contributed this set of ideas, formed through words and built up to this document. A Magna Carta that extends all the rights, obligations, protection and duties between the People and its State to the Internet.

Last Monday, Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago filed the MCPIF as Senate Bill 3327. This Quest does not end there. This is just the beginning. This will take a hundred … a thousand … a million … a billion times longer than cooking four strips of bacon … But we will get there -because it is not only our present at stake but the future of our sons and daughters.

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" THE MAGNA CARTA FOR PHILIPPINE INTERNET FREEDDOM " (Media, Information & Literacy

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Related Papers

The Manila Times

Nelson Celis

LONG before the national broadband network (NBN) project that uncovered the ZTE scandal in 2007, there was the TOPWeb (The Office of the President Web) controversy in 1996. It resulted in a clamor from the information technology (IT) industry for a comprehensive investigation into the integrity of other large-scale government IT projects.

essay about magna carta in the philippines

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Erwin Gaspar Alampay

Rommel Casis

Mary Grace Mirandilla-Santos , Jonathan Brewer

Published in October 2018 by The Asia Foundation and the Better Broadband Alliance, with support from Google, this report examines how new and emerging technologies can improve internet access, quality, and affordability and explores how the country can transition from an analog-based to a digital-friendly policy environment that fosters increased innovation and investment. TAF managed the whole project, from conceptualization to publication and the continuous advocacy of the report’s key recommendations.

The report looks at the components of the digital economy in the Philippines to understand its current landscape. These include the physical infrastructure—through which data is transmitted—the devices, software, and the functionalities that these offer. It also provides a closer look at the benefits of the digital economy by looking at specific case studies, particularly the TESDA online portal for e-education and the konek2CARD for e-finance. The case studies show that the inclusion of the digital economy is facilitated by developments in infrastructure. An examination of the current policy environment shows that there are key plans in place for the development of a national broadband network in the Philippines. On the demand side, policies to take care of the privacy and data of the individual users are already in place. Finally, some conclusions and policy recommendations are made to further support the digital economy in the Philippines.

Asian-Pacific Economic Literature

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Magna Carta of Young Farmers pushed in the Philippine Congress

essay about magna carta in the philippines

This article was originally published by PhilStar Global

MANILA, Philippines — Pangasinan 4th District Rep. Christopher De Venecia has again filed a bill seeking a Magna Carta for the youth to promote and protect the rights of young farmers.

The National Economic Development Authority has endorsed the proposed measure for immediate passage into law.

“I strongly believe that the government should encourage young people to engage in agriculture by establishing mechanisms for the promotion and protection of their rights, given the fact that the average age of Filipino farmers is 57-59 years old,” de Venecia said.

The Magna Carta of Young Farmers recognizes the strategic role of young farmers by providing a policy framework that will afford them a sense of pride so that they will opt to stay in the farms, make a decent living from agriculture and secure the food sufficiency of the country. Also, it is designed to strengthen existing and state-of-the-art farming activities, and provide incentives that will encourage the young agricultural graduates to venture into agriculture and become ‘agri-preneurs’.

The bill also proposes how the young farmers and fishers will gain access to market, prices, services provided by the government, and new technologies such as online businesses, telecommuting and online procurement.

It will also institutionalize young farmers’ representation in various decision-making and agricultural policy-making bodies initiated by the government and private sector.

“By lending its gravitas to this cause, I thank the NEDA for its high-level advice to my fellow policy makers to pass the Magna Carta of Young Farmers immediately,” de Venecia said.

As the country’s premier socio-economic planning body, NEDA is considered the authority in macro-economic forecasting and policy, analysis and research.

During its recent briefing in Congress in line with the midterm socioeconomic blueprint, the Philippine Development Plan, NEDA deputy director general Rosemarie Edillon eyed at least a dozen bills, including the Magna Carta of Young Farmers, as priority legislations in the last three years of the Duterte administration to boost economic growth

De Venecia first filed the bill at the House of Representatives in the 17th Congress.

In an earlier interview with The STAR, De Venecia said the enrolment trend for agricultural courses used to be 51 percent in the 80s at the University of the Philippines (Los Baños). But this went down to two percent.

“That’s the capital of agricultural learning and many from our neighboring countries go there to study,” he said.

He said there are interventions made by the Department of Education by offering agricultural tracks for senior high school plus the introduction of the school gardening program in elementary grades “yet the enrollment is still low”.

De Venecia said the Magna Carta of Young Farmers would stipulate the rights, privileges and recognize young farmers as a separate basic sector that should be focused on.

He said one physical measure introduced under the Magna Carta for Young Farmers bill is to exempt young farmers from donor’s tax but the lot they would inherit from their parents also has a safeguard by preventing them to sell it, not for at least another five years.

“The point is to let them continue the legacy of farming as it is very much part of our culture as an agri-industrial country,” he said.

The bill is widely supported by various stakeholders, NGOs like Task Force Mapalad Katarungan, Pambansang Kilusan ng mga Samahang Magsasaka , Asian Farmers’ Association, a network of various farmers’ organizations across 10 Asian countries, and the Philippine Legislators’ Committee on Population and Development Foundation Inc., among others.  ( Eva Visperas  (The Philippine Star), December 1, 2019,  https://www.philstar.com/business/agriculture/2019/12/01/1973163/bqEDvcdI0RRPyz8z.01 )

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essay about magna carta in the philippines

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COMMENTS

  1. FAQ: Republic Act 9710 or the Magna Carta of Women

    The Magna Carta of Women defines discrimination against women as: any gender-based distinction, exclusion, or restriction which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental ...

  2. Empowering Women Through the Magna Carta: A Closer Look at the

    The Magna Carta of Women or the Republic Act 9710 is a landmark law in the Philippines that aims to promote the empowerment and rights of women. It was signed into law on August 14, 2009, and serves as a comprehensive legislation that recognizes the unequal status of women in the country and seeks to address various forms of discrimination and ...

  3. The Magna Carta of Women as the Philippine Translation of the CEDAW: A

    5 The Family Code (Executive Order No. 209) is the Philippines' basic law on persons and family relations. In March 2018, during the 17th Congress, the House of Representatives voted for the passage of House Bill 07303 'An Act Instituting Absolute Divorce and Dissolution of Marriage in the Philippines' but there was no counterpart bill in the Senate.

  4. Thirteen years of the magna carta of women

    On Aug. 14, 2009, Republic Act No. 9710 or the Magna Carta of Women was signed into law by no less than President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, a female president. A law 10 years and three congresses in the making, the magna carta's passage remains invaluable as the first sovereign guarantee that the Philippines commits itself to advancing the rights of women in the Philippines.

  5. Protecting Women's Human Rights: A Case Study in the Philippines

    Most recently, in September 2009, the Philippines passed the Magna Carta of Women, a comprehensive women's human rights law. The law Family nor Muslim Codes recognize women's equal. women's equal responsibility. responsibility and author-ity in the upbringing of their children. Under both Codes, and authority in the.

  6. PDF Rights and capabilities: Reading the Philippines Magna Carta of Women

    University of the Philippines-Diliman Abstract The Magna Carta of Women (R.A. 7910) is the Philippines comprehensive women's human rights law. The Magna Carta of Women is found to be consistent with Rawlsian notions of justice, particularly when it undertakes inequality evaluation in primary goods. Identity-based inequality evaluation is

  7. A primer: Magna Carta of Women

    The Magna Carta of Women defines discrimination against women as: • Any gender-based distinction, exclusion, or restriction which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the ...

  8. The Meaning and Legacy of the Magna Carta

    The six essays of this symposium address different aspects of the meaning and legacy of the Magna Carta—"the Great Charter" in Latin. Although social scientists and legal scholars routinely describe the Magna Carta as foundational for concepts of justice and liberty, the charter itself is rarely assigned in political science classes or scrutinized by political theorists.

  9. Overcoming barriers to women's work in the Philippines

    This performance is the second best in the EAP region, after New Zealand. A key driver behind the progress has been the Philippine Magna Carta for Women, a landmark law signed nearly 13 years ago seeking to eliminate discrimination against women.

  10. PDF MAGNA CARTA OF WOMEN

    Short Title. - This Act shall be known as "The Magna Carta of Women". SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. - Recognizing that the economic, political, and sociocultural realities affect women's current condition, the State affirms the role of women in nation building and ensures the substantive equality of women and men.

  11. PDF MAGNA CARTA OF WOMEN

    Short Title. - This Act shall be known as "The Magna Carta of Women". SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. - Recognizing that the economic, political, and sociocultural realities affect women's current condition, the State affirms the role of women in nation building and ensures the substantive equality of women and men.

  12. Magna Carta of Women

    The Philippines Magna Carta of Women, enacted in August 2009, stands as a local commitment to the provisions in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). Considering the inequitable cultural norms and obstacles faced by Filipina women in social and economic advancement, the Magna Carta of Women ...

  13. Demystifying The Magna Carta For Philippine Internet Freedom

    Demystifying the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Presented at "Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom", Democracy.Net.PH and the Foundation for Media Alternatives, Bahay ng Alumni, University of the Philippines - Diliman, 12 July 2013

  14. Philippines Must Act on Magna Carta of Women

    After languishing for more than 10 years in three different congresses, the Magna Carta of Women (Magna Carta), Republic Act 9710, was signed into law by President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo of the Philippines on August 14, 2009, and came into effect on September 15, 2009. The Magna Carta is invaluable to advancing justice and women's human rights in the Philippines.

  15. A Brief Analysis of the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom

    Cut to the Philippines, where the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom (MCPIF)—a crowdsourced document—was recently filed as House Bill No. 1086 by Rep. Kimi Cojuangco and as Senate Bill No. 53 by Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago. If passed, the MCPIF would repeal Republic Act No. 10175 (the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012), which ...

  16. Why Support the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom

    And this is why we, people from all walks of life, contributed this set of ideas, formed through words and built up to this document. A Magna Carta that extends all the rights, obligations, protection and duties between the People and its State to the Internet. Last Monday, Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago filed the MCPIF as Senate Bill 3327.

  17. Assessing Mandated Credit Programs: Case Study of the Magna Carta in

    We examine the effects of a mandated credit program to small and medium enterprises in the Philippines (Magna Carta Law) using a panel dataset compiled from official data published by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. The final sample of 109 financial institutions represented over 90% of total finance sector assets in the Philippines.

  18. Assessing Mandated Credit Programs: Case Study of the Magna Carta in

    In the Philippines, one of the most important in clusive financing policies is the mandated credit. program known as the MSME Magna Carta (Magna Carta) to improve financial access to MSMEs, which ...

  19. Magna Carta for Philippine Public School Teachers

    Sec. 2. Title Definition. This Act shall be known as the "Magna Carta for Public School Teachers" and shall apply to all public school teachers except those in the professorial staff of state colleges and universities. As used in this Act, the term "teacher" shall mean all persons engaged in classroom teaching, in any level of instruction, on ...

  20. (PDF) IMPACTS OF MAGNA CARTA OF WOMEN IN EMPOWERING ...

    This paper unfolds women's socio-demographic profile and knowledge regarding the laws for the protection of women's rights in the lexis of the Republic Act No. 9710, also known as the Magna Carta ...

  21. " THE MAGNA CARTA FOR PHILIPPINE INTERNET FREEDDOM " (Media

    Dae Han International College Of Business and Technology Brgy. Siwang San Juan Floodway Road 20, Taytay Rizal "THE MAGNA CARTA FOR PHILIPPINE INTERNET FREEDDOM " (Media, Information & Literacy) Submitted by: John Michael Mayag Strand: H.E 12-A Teacher: Mr. Alfred Jefferson Reclosado Introduction: The Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom (MCPIF) used the term hacking as one of the ...

  22. Magna Carta for MSME in retrospect

    The Magna Carta for MSMEs (micro, small and medium enterprises) is a document that proves that our government recognizes their importance in the Philippine economy. Suffice to say, the MSMEs are the lifeblood of the Philippine economy since 99.52 percent of businesses are MSMES and only 0.49 percent are large enterprises.

  23. Magna Carta

    Magna Carta, charter of English liberties granted by King John on June 15, 1215, under threat of civil war. By declaring the sovereign to be subject to the rule of law and documenting the liberties held by 'free men,' the Magna Carta provided the foundation for individual rights in Anglo-American jurisprudence.

  24. PDF Guide to the Medium Enterprises

    This primer provides a quick reference on the "Magna Carta for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)", a landmark legislation that defines the current national policy to promote, support, strengthen and encourage the growth and development of MSMEs . Enacted by the Philippine Congress in 1991 as Republic Act 6977,

  25. Magna Carta of Young Farmers pushed in the Philippine Congress

    MANILA, Philippines — Pangasinan 4th District Rep. Christopher De Venecia has again filed a bill seeking a Magna Carta for the youth to promote and protect the rights of young farmers. The National Economic Development Authority has endorsed the proposed measure for immediate passage into law.

  26. Assessing Mandated Credit Programs: Case Study of the Magna Carta in

    This paper examines the Magna Carta Law in the Philippines, which mandates banks to allocate 2% of their total loan portfolios to medium-sized firms and 8% to micro and small firms. ... Papers or presentations at ADB and development events; Policies, Strategies, and Plans Rules and strategies for ADB operations; Board Documents Documents ...