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Top PhD Optometry Colleges in India 2024

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Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)

NIMS University

20 K - 9 Lacs Fees

UGC Accredition

4.5 Lacs Avg Package

NEET PG Exams

Shortlisted by 80125+ students
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Shyam Institute of Engineering & Technology

5000 - 1.2 Lacs Fees

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JEE Main Exams

Shortlisted by 638+ students
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CT University (CTU), Ludhiana

3425 - 7.6 Lacs Fees

Shortlisted by 5788+ students
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NIILM University

21 K - 4.5 Lacs Fees

Shortlisted by 29440+ students
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OPJS University, Churu

10 K - 4.2 Lacs Fees

JEE (Main) - Paper 2 Exams

Shortlisted by 10396+ students
Fees and Courses (468)

Gujarat University (Gujarat University) , Ahmedabad

4500 - 2.6 Lacs Fees

NAAC Accredition

Shortlisted by 3895+ students
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PH.D IN OPTOMETRY Admission 2024, Syllabus, Eligibility, Duration

Ph.d in optometry admission 2024, course fees structure, career prospects and jobs scope | salary & payscale for ph.d in optometry holders | course duration | ph.d in optometry specializations admission process | entrance exams for (ph.d in optometry), doctor of philosophy in optometry admission | doctor of philosophy in optometry course fees structure | doctor of philosophy in optometry career prospects and jobs scope | salary & payscale for doctor of philosophy in optometry degree holders | doctor of philosophy in optometry course duration | doctor of philosophy in optometry specializations | doctor of philosophy in optometry admission process | entrance exams for (doctor of philosophy in optometry).

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Medical Courses

PH.D IN OPTOMETRY

Doctor of philosophy in optometry.

PH.D in Optometry,Highlights, Entrance Exam, admission, Eligibility, Duration, Selection Criteria, How to Apply, Application Form, Application Process, fee, Syllabus,Salary and Jobs,career opportunities

A Ph.D. in Optometry is a research-focused doctoral program that provides advanced training in the field of optometry, visual sciences, and related areas. This program is designed for individuals who want to pursue a career in academia, research, or industry. In this post, we will cover the highlights of the program, entrance exams, admission, eligibility, duration, selection criteria, application process, fee, syllabus, salary, and job opportunities.

Highlights of PH.D. in Optometry:

Course Name: PH.D. in Optometry

PH.D in Optometry Course Level:

PH.D in Optometry Course Duration:

PH.D in Optometry Eligibility:

Master’s degree in Optometry or related fields with at least 55% marks

PH.D in Optometry Admission Process:

Entrance exam and interview

PH.D in Optometry Entrance Exam:

Generally, the entrance exam is conducted by the respective universities or institutes offering the program.

PH.D in Optometry Selection Criteria:

Entrance exam score, academic record, research experience, and interview performance.

PH.D in Optometry Course Fee:

The course fee varies depending on the university or institute offering the program.

PH.D in Optometry Average Salary:

INR 5-10 lakhs per annum

PH.D in Optometry Career Opportunities:

Researcher, Academician, Consultant, Optometrist, Scientist, etc.

PH.D in Optometry Entrance Exams:

The entrance exam for the Ph.D. in Optometry program is generally conducted by the respective universities or institutes offering the program. The exam usually tests the candidates' aptitude, subject knowledge, and research skills. Some popular entrance exams for Ph.D. programs in India are:

PH.D in Optometry Admission:

To get admission to the Ph.D. in Optometry program, candidates must fulfill the eligibility criteria set by the universities or institutes offering the program. The selection process involves an entrance exam and an interview. Candidates who qualify for the entrance exam are called for an interview. The final selection is based on the candidate's overall performance in the entrance exam, interview, academic record, research experience, and other factors.

To be eligible for the Ph.D. in Optometry program, candidates must have a Master's degree in Optometry or related fields with at least 55% marks (50% for SC/ST candidates). Some universities or institutes may require a valid UGC NET or CSIR NET score.

PH.D in Optometry Duration:

The Ph.D. in Optometry program usually takes 3-5 years to complete. However, the duration may vary depending on the research topic, progress, and other factors.

The selection criteria for the Ph.D. in Optometry program may vary depending on the universities or institutes offering the program. Generally, the selection is based on the candidate's performance in the entrance exam, interview, academic record, research experience, and other factors.

PH.D in Optometry Application Process:

The application process for the Ph.D. in Optometry program varies depending on the universities or institutes offering the program. Generally, candidates have to follow the below steps:

Visit the official website of the university or institute offering the program.

Fill the application form and upload the required documents.

Pay the application fee (if any).

Submit the application form.

PH.D in Optometry Syllabus:

The syllabus of the Ph.D. in Optometry program may vary depending on the universities or institutes offering the program. Generally, the syllabus includes the following topics:

Research Methodology

Biostatistics

Optometric Instrumentation

Optometric Optics

Ocular Anatomy and Physiology

Ophthalmic Pathology

Clinical Optometry

Vision Science

PH.D in Optometry Fee:

The course fee for the Ph.D. in Optometry program may vary depending on the universities or institutes offering the program. Generally, the course fee ranges from INR 50,000 to

PH.D in optometry is a doctoral level course. Duration of this course is 3-years long and its syllabus is divided into 6-semesters and it provide on part-time basis by various institutes. In this course candidates can also specialize in the area of Sports Vision, Low Vision Aids, Contact Lens, Paediatric Optometry, Orthotics, Behavioural Optometry etc. It is the primary health care providers for the treatment and management of the Refractive disorders and information processing. It is career presenting in nature and provide many job opportunities for the candidates after its successful completion. This course is being offered by many colleges or universities in their campus in the country.

Eligibility

A Master's degree is required to pick up admission to a doctoral program. In certain subjects, completing a Masters in Philosophy (M.Phil.) is an essential to begin Ph.D.
In cases, where the confirmation at the M.Phil. has been directed through a selection test and course work has been recommended at the M.Phil. level, such M.Phil. applicants when admitted to the Ph.D. projects will not be required to attempt placement test or course work and it will be considered to have agreed to the UGC (Minimum guidelines and methodology for grant M.Phil./Ph.D. Degree).

Documents Required For PH.D IN OPTOMETRY Admission

Migration Certificate (No objection certificate from the University last attended)
Passing/Degree certificate of the last qualifying degree examination
Mark-list of the last qualifying degree examination
Character certificate (from the head of the Institute from which the student has obtained his qualifying degree.
Documentary proof for date of birth
Gap certificate (if applicable)
Research Proposal *
No objection certificate from the employer (if employed)

NOTE:- Students are requested to note that their application will not be considered for admission if the above certificates are not enclosed with their application.

PH.D IN OPTOMETRY: Course Highlights

Given below are few of the important highlights of the program.

PH.D IN OPTOMETRY: Syllabus

Syllabus of Medical as prescribed by various Universities and Colleges.

Colleges offering PH.D IN OPTOMETRY in India

Mentioned below are some states in India that offer the program.

Top Colleges 2024

Madhav University - MU

Sun Rise University - SRU

Indira Gandhi National Open University - IGNOU

Guru Kashi University - GKU

Maharshi Dayanand University - MDU

Pacific University - PU

Kurukshetra University - KU

Centurion University of Technology and Management - CUTM

KREA University - KU

Rajiv Gandhi University - RGU

SRM University - SU

Assam University - AU

Tezpur University - TU

Central University of South Bihar - CUSB

Mahatma Gandhi Central University - MGCU

Nalanda University - NU

Jamia millia islamia - jmi.

VIT-AP University - VU

Apex Professional University - APU

Arunachal University of Studies - AUS

Arunodaya University - AU

Himalayan University - HU

North East Frontier Technical University - NEFTU

Indira Gandhi Technological and Medical Science University - IGTMSU

Venkateshwara Open University - VOU

Assam Don Bosco University - ADBU

Assam Down Town University - ADTU

Krishnaguru Adhyatmik Visvavidyalaya - KAV

Mahapurusha Srimanta Sankaradeva Viswavidyalaya - MSSV

The Assam Kaziranga University - AKU

The Assam Royal Global University - ARGU

Amity University - AU

Dr C. V. Raman University - CVRU

Gopal Narayan Singh University - GNSU

K K University - KKU

Sandip University - SU

Ahmedabad University - AU

Anant National University - ANU

Atmiya University - AU

AURO University of Hospitality and Management - AUHM

C. U. Shah University - CUSU

Calorx Teacher's University

Charotar University of Science & Technology - CUST

Jawaharlal Nehru University - JNU

Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology - DAIICT

G.L.S. University - GU

Ganpat University - GU

Gokul Global University - GGU

GSFC University - GU

Indian Institute of Public Health - IIPH

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Elite School of Optometry

39 years of excellence in optometry education

Ph D Optometry

Doctorate programmes are offered in collaboration with prestigious universities like Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Sastra University, Tanjore and Angla Ruskin University, Cambridge

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Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Optometry

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Programme Level

About the Programme

Fee structure.

The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) represents the pinnacle of academic achievement. PhD candidates devote themselves to intensive research to further knowledge in their field of study. Under faculty guidance, students cultivate the skills of an independent scholar. The heart of the PhD is an original research project that expands or challenges current thinking. Students must defend this work publicly to examine committees. The PhD trains expert researchers equipped to advance human understanding. Doctoral studies focus on asking new questions, solving complex problems with rigor and nuance, communicating ideas, and guiding others in the pursuit of truth. Ultimately, PhD recipients become lead authorities in their discipline. They join the ranks of professors, pioneering scientists, and senior advisors across sectors. The PhD empowers graduates to steer the trajectory of intellectual dialogue in their niche area of expertise. With courage and creativity, they illuminate the unknown and make groundbreaking contributions that shape the future.

A Master's degree from a recognized Indian University or any other equivalent degree to the satisfaction of the Academic Council of the University, in the relevant field, with not less than 55% marks in aggregate or 6.0 CGPA on a 10 point scale or equivalent.

Note: Candidates who have qualified in UGC NET/CSIR (JRF) Examination/SLET/GATE/Teacher Fellowship holder or have passed M.Phil. Programmes are exempted from Written Examinations.

IMPORTANT LINKS

Indian students apply.

Passed Diploma examination with at least 50% marks in any branch of Engineering and Technology. 2. Passed B.Sc.

26 Best universities for Optometry in India

Updated: February 29, 2024

Art & Design
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Engineering
Environmental Science
Liberal Arts & Social Sciences
Mathematics

Below is a list of best universities in India ranked based on their research performance in Optometry. A graph of 30.1K citations received by 4.89K academic papers made by 26 universities in India was used to calculate publications' ratings, which then were adjusted for release dates and added to final scores.

We don't distinguish between undergraduate and graduate programs nor do we adjust for current majors offered. You can find information about granted degrees on a university page but always double-check with the university website.

1. All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi

For Optometry

2. Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

3. All India Institute of Medical Sciences Raipur

4. Manipal Academy of Higher Education

5. VIT University

6. King George's Medical University

7. Savitribai Phule Pune University

8. SRM Institute of Science and Technology

9. University of Delhi

10. Aligarh Muslim University

11. Amrita University

12. Banaras Hindu University

13. Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research

14. Amity University

15. Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

16. Anna University

17. Pt. Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences

18. Chandigarh University

19. Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology

20. Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University

21. National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences

22. Chitkara University - Punjab

23. Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research

24. Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Rajasthan Ayurved University

25. University of Hyderabad

26. Saveetha University

The best cities to study Optometry in India based on the number of universities and their ranks are Delhi , Chandigarh , Raipur , and Manipal .

Medicine subfields in India

Associated Hospital
Medical Program Regulations

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Research Areas

Student Life
Centre of Excellence
Leadership Team

Department of Optometry

Optometry is a healthcare profession dealing with vision, ocular health, and visual information processing in humans. Optometry is a dynamic and challenging profession that provides unlimited career opportunities.
A career in optometry offers a good income, tremendous potential for growth, job security, and a good work environment.
An optometrist is an independent primary eye care professional who performs comprehensive eye examination, diagnosis, and management of disorders of the visual/ocular system.
The types of treatment offered by optometrists are prescribing glasses, contact lenses and low vision aids, binocular vision therapy/ treatment, and rehabilitation of the visually impaired.

Quick Access

Infrastructure.

Teaching Learning Method

Achievements and Awards

To impart in-depth knowledge and skill in optometry to the students to make them competent in primary eye care practice as an optometrist.
To develop skills and competence in utilizing various Optometry techniques and modalities in the assessment of patients, clinical diagnosis & management.
To imbibe proper moral and ethical standards in the practice of Optometry.

Our Mission

To develop skills and competence in utilizing various optometry techniques and modalities in the assessment of patients, clinical diagnosis & management.
To imbibe a multi-disciplinary team-based approach while providing eye care services to the community
To imbibe proper moral and ethical standards in the practice of optometry and research
To develop attributes and characteristics to ensure safe, effective, and expected delivery of healthcare.
UG – Curriculum - Appendix 1
PG - Curriculum - Appendix 2
Two lecture halls
One demonstration room
Five clinical skill labs
One specialty clinic lab
One optics lab
One faculty cum office room
One PG/Faculty room
Comprehensive Optometric Clinic
Orthoptics evaluations
Low vision assessment
Contact lens assessment & fitting
Vision Therapy
Digital eye syndrome/ Computer Vision syndrome management
Neuro-optometry assessment
Visual Perception Laboratory
Community Optometry

Dr.Dharani R

PhD (Optometry)

Dr Aiswaryah Radhakrishnan

Associate Professor

Mr Prem Sudhakar

M.Optom, FIACLE*

Assistant Professor

Ms.Ashwini M

Ahs faculty, mr.vivek suganthan r.

M.Optometry

Ms.Sakunthala P

B.S.(Optometry)

Ms.Indirakumari P

M.Sc in Optometry

Ms.Vidhyalakshmi A

Ms.gajalakshmi g.

B.Optometry

Learning Resources
Videos and hands-on demonstration
Role-play, quizzes, Model-making, and other student-centered activities (Ex: cross-word puzzles, dumb charades, etc.,)
Experiments to understand basic concepts
Mini projects on visual task analysis in different occupations
Field visits to teach the concepts of lens manufacturing
Group activities
Established IACLE Resource Centre (from Australia) since 2015
Ongoing Projects
Completed Projects
Research Publication

Scope of Services

Hand Surgery
Micro Vascular Surgery
Oncoplastic Surgery [ Cancer Reconstruction ]
24x7 Trauma care
Cleft lip, Cleft palate & craniofacial anomaly Surgery
Lymphedema care
Complex wound management
Aesthetic Surgery
Smile Train Project
Facio Maxillary Trauma

Testimonials

Evangeline rajathi.

The faculty in the Department of Optometry are exceptional. The teaching method and guidance are greatly appreciable, they provided the finest education.

I belong to an upper middle-class family with limited options for survival. After the completion of my higher secondary education, I started having this fear, "FEAR OF FAILURE" coz my family was counting on me as a future Bread Winner.

The book and practical knowledge that I gained from my college is helping me till date in my career growth. Students coming here need to know that the support is always available to them whenever they need it from our experienced and well approachable staff.

Meenakshi N

The place where a sapling is grown into an impeccable tree - the place which turned me into a good practitioner. I owe a depth of gratitude to the faculties who trained me, to the institution which had sufficient infrastructure and opportunities to explore.

Priyadarshini D

My experience at SRM is very amazing and challenging too. Being far away from home everyone here is so supportive, so friendly and I made a great friends here.

John Yabeeth

Nothing gives happiness to a student than a college life with both an education for a successful career and memories for a lifetime to cherish. That is what SRM Optometry is.

At SRM amidst state-of-the-art infrastructure, excellent campus life accompanied by highly experienced, intellectual, friendly and supportive facilities. I express my sincere gratitude to SRM optometry, I have witnessed our clinical skills and competence rising to a zenith.

The faculty members of SRM optometry department are student friendly and approachable in nature. The sessions they made are interesting and amazing. I gained tremendous knowledge through them.

Archana Umashankar

It is a very good course for those who don’t want to study Medicine and then specialize. Experience at Department of Optometry, SRM Medical College is excellent and good. The three year of studies helps us strengthen our basement for our future.

Sowmya Smita

It was my great luck and fortune to be the part of SRM university, where I have been travelling through the matchless and secured department called as optometry.

SRM Medical College Hospital And Research Centre, SRM Nagar,Potheri, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu 603203.

For Admissions, Contact

7418907444 7418905444

044-4743-2350

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12 optometry-phd positions in India

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Research Job 6
Scholarship 1
Fellowship 3
Postdoctoral 2
Nature Careers 2
Humboldt-Stiftung Foundation 1
SRM Institute of Science and Technology 1
Symbiobe Inc. - Kyoto, Japan 1
The George Washington University 1
U of Texas at Arlington 1
VELLORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 1
Washington State University 1
Economics 2
Medical Sciences 2
Computer Science 1
Earth Sciences 1
Humanities 1
Materials Science 1

Junior Research Fellowship/DST-SERB/SENSE/Dr. Anantha Krishna Chintanpalli

based on their merit and as per the requirements of the project. The selected candidate will be expected to join at the earliest. The selected candidate may be permitted to register for the PhD program of

Postdoctoral Researcher in Experimental Condensed Matter Physics

, Associate Professor (Research), Department of Physics and Nanotechnology. For more details visit the homepage: https://sites.google.com/view/abhay-sagade/Job Requirements•A PhD in experimental Condensed

Assistant Professor (Tenure Track)

all sub-fields, but knowledge of Persian is particularly desirable. The appointment will be at the rank tenure-track Assistant Professor. The selected candidates must have a PhD degree at the time of

Graduate Assistantship

Fully funded PhD research assistantships available at UT Arlington's Hydrology and Water Resources Lab (HWRL), Hydrometeorology and Remote Sensing Research Group. Desired qualifications: Master's

to understand products associated with assigned technologies • Candidate must be able to work as a team member and independently on multi-task assignments Your Skills: • PhD in Chemistry mandatory with 3 years

ICYS Research Fellow, NIMS, Japan

years based on annual evaluation**. All applicants must have obtained a PhD degree within the last 10 years. Applicants should submit the following 5 items: application form including a research proposal

Selection] Required documents - Curriculum vitae (including email address) - A list of publications - A recommendation letter - PhD Certificate All application documents should be sent to Koji Ito, HR

Faculty Position in Neuroscience

experience and a competitive start-up package. Basic Qualifications: Applicants must hold a PhD and/or MD or equivalent in an appropriate discipline with a demonstrable track record of research productivity as

Global Medical Content Writing Services Team Lead

in pharmaceutical medicine, including medical affairs, medical compliance, and management experience; Masters and 13+ years; PharmD/ PHD and 8+ years Demonstrated effectiveness working in cross

Postdoctoral Research Associate

Qualifications: Candidates must have a PhD in astronomy, physics or a related field by the time of the appointment. Preferred Qualifications: Experience in observations or variability studies of quasars. Big data

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Courses in India
Doctorate Courses in India

Ph.D (Optometry) Course in India

Doctor of philosophy - optometry course in india, colleges offering ph.d optometry course in india.

Birla Institute Of Technology And Science, Pilani

Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani - Rajasthan, India

Phone : 01596 - 242210, 01596 - 245073

Undergraduate (UG) Medical Courses in India

B.Sc - Bio-Medical Science (Hons)
B.Sc - Medical Bio-Chemistry
B.Sc - Medical Radiological Technology
B.Sc - Perfusion Technology
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Postgraduate (PG) Medical Courses in India

M.A - Medical Sociology
M.P.T - Cardio Thoracic
M.P.T - Orthopadics
M.Sc - Applied Epidemiology
M.Sc - Bio-Medical Genetics
M.Sc - Bio-Medical Instrumentation
M.Sc - Bio-Medical Science
M.Sc - Bio-Medical Science (Integrated)
M.Sc - Emergency & Critical Care
M.Sc - Endocrinology
M.Sc - Epidemiology
M.Sc - Medical Bacteriology
M.Sc - Medical Bio-Chemistry
M.Sc - Medical Pharmocology
M.Sc - Medical Physics
M.Sc - Medical Sociology
M.Sc - Psychiatry
M.Sc - Regenerative Medicine
M.Sc - Virology

Certification Medical Courses in India

Certification - Primary Health Care & Medical Emergency Management
F.C.P.S - Mid And Gynae
M.C.P.S - Member Of College Of Physicians & Surgeons

Postgraduate (PG) Diploma Medical Courses in India

PG Diploma - Anaesthesia Technician Training
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PG Diploma - Dialysis Technician Training
PG Diploma - E.C.G. Technician Training
PG Diploma - Neuro Technology
PG Diploma - Respiratory Therapy Technology
PG Diploma - Saiva Siddhanta

Diploma Medical Courses in India

D.M.R.T - Radiology Therapy
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Diploma - Medical Plants Cultivation And E Marketing
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Diploma - Medical Radiology Diagnosis
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Diploma - Science And Humanities
Diploma - Sexually Transmitted Disease
Diploma - Tuberculosis & Chest Diseases
Diploma - Venereology
Diploma - Veterinary & livestock Development Assistant

Doctorate Medical Courses in India

D.M - Critical Care
D.M - Medical Genetics
D.M - Pul Med & Critical Care Med
M.D - Blood Banking & Immuno / Haemo & Blood Transfusion
M.D - Forensic
M.D - Immuno Haematology & Blood Transfusion
M.D - Pharmacology
M.D - Sexually Transmitted Diseases
M.D - Social & Preventive Med
M.D - Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases
M.D - Venereology
M.D.Siddha - Gunapaadam
M.D.Siddha - Kuzhandai Maruthuvam
M.D.Siddha - Marutthuvam
M.D.Siddha - Nanju Noolum Maruthua Neethinoolum
M.D.Siddha - Noinadal
M.D.Siddha - Sirappu Marutthuvam
M.D.Unani - Advia
M.D.Unani - Moalejat
M.D.Unani - Qabalat-Q-Amrarj-O-Niswan
Ph.D - Anaesthesiology
Ph.D - Bio-Medical
Ph.D - Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ph.D - Haematology
Ph.D - Histo Compatibility & Immunogenetics
Ph.D - Medical Physics
Ph.D - Urology

Carrer Options in Ph.D Optometry

Career Option in Drug Regulatory Affairs
Career Option in Hospital Profession
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Career Option in Dental
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Career Option in Homeopathic
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Career Option in Child Care
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Career Option in Ophthalmology
Career Option in Radiology
Career Option in Nursing
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Colleges which offer Ph.D Optometry in India statewise

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India's First Online Optometry Fellowship Program

The Indian Academy of Optometry is an Online Fellowship Program. Its goal is to enhance and maintain excellence in optometric practice by both fostering research and disseminating knowledge in vision science.

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Top Fellowship Programs

With so many contact lens materials, parameters and modalities available today, it is important that eye care practitioner must take a systematic approach to patient training during the initial contact lens evaluation.

Low vision rehabilitation should be considered part of the continuum of eye care. This One year fellowship program aims to train Optometrists to become experts in low vision rehabilitation.

Optical industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the present scenario. When Optometrist have opportunities to get specialized in this particular field they will have increased opportunities to work in leading optical outlets, branded lens companies , work in hospital based optical outlets and will be qualified to run a optical shop.

Strabismus is diagnosed during an eye examination and variety of tests can help to detect strabismus. This fellowship is characterized by a broad exposure to clinical material and problem situations and can be tailored somewhat to fit special needs or interests of the optometrist.

If optometrists are to provide care to the elderly as they must, it is imperative that every optometrist receive formal training in geriatric optometry. As eye care specialists, we have the choice to keep our elderly empowered, independent and healthy. Indian Academy of Optometry introducing fellowship in Geriatric Optometry which include high quality training and professional certifications

Fellowship in Clinical optometry defines the practice of diagnosing and treating disorders of the eye to improve vision in a Hospital or similar setting. A fellow in Clinical Optometry can use special instruments to measure defects in vision and prescribe contact lenses or eyeglasses to correct deficiencies. They may also suggest exercises to improve the way eyes function.

Healthy eyes and vision are especially important for infants and children. The visual skills developed during early life set the foundation for future learning. Early detection of vision problems is critical to helping young people achieve their full potential. Pediatric optometry deals with eye issues related to children. Examination of children for vision and its related may be impossible for an ordinary optometrist in a single visit to complete all the tests. An optometrist specialized in Pediatric Optometry can perform well there

Top Certificate Programs

With so many contact lens materials, parameters and modalities available today, it is important that eye care practitioners must take a systematic approach to patient training during the initial contact lens evaluation.

3 to 6 months

Low vision rehabilitation should be considered part of the continuum of eye care. The main objective of this program is to give the optometrist a basic understanding of low vision and to assess and examine the low vision patients. Prescribing low vision devices for better visual function. It is important to assist in counseling and rehabilitating the low vision patient.

Strabismus is diagnosed during an eye examination and a variety of tests can help to detect strabismus. This certificate program is characterized by a broad exposure to clinical material and problem situations and can be tailored somewhat to fit special needs or interests of the optometrist.

Healthy eyes and vision are especially important for infants and children. The visual skills developed during early life set the foundation for future learning. Early detection of vision problems is critical for helping young people to achieve their full potential. Pediatric optometry deals with eye issues related to children. Examination of children for vision and its related may be impossible for an ordinary optometrist in a single visit to complete all the tests. An optometrist specialized in Pediatric Optometry can perform well there

Certificate in Clinical optometry defines the practice of diagnosing and treating disorders of the eye to improve vision in a Hospital or similar setting. A Clinical Optometrist can use special instruments to measure defects in vision and prescribe contact lenses or eyeglasses to correct deficiencies. They may also suggest exercises to improve the way eyes function.

If optometrists are to provide care to the elderly as they must, it is imperative that every optometrist receive formal training in geriatric optometry. As eye care specialists,we have the choice to keep our elderly empowered, independent and healthy. Indian Academy of Optometry introducing certificate program in Geriatric Optometry which include high quality training and professional certifications

Other Programs

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A strong, lively, vibrant and connected faculty is vital to progressing optometric training and graduating the up and coming age of sublime Optometrist. Indian academy of Optometry facilitates online faculty promotion and development through a variety of initiatives including leadership development opportunities for current and future faculty. The Optometry Faculty Development Initiative's driving objective is to help and upgrade the preparation of optometrists joined up with rising optometry schools across India. The specific aim is to strengthen optometry schools by providing a clear pathway of auxiliary learning for faculty

Indian Academy of Optometry

The Indian Academy of Optometry is an Online Optometry Academy. Its goal is to enhance and maintain excellence in optometric practice by both fostering research and disseminating knowledge in vision science. The optometry field is constantly changing.The Academy recognizes that optometrists must receive quality continuing education and the most current information about vision science research. The Indian Academy of Optometry provides this through its reputation for high quality PGDO Fellowship program. These levels of optometry studies are not available online; however, online courses can be an option for established practitioners who need continuing education credits to meet speciality requirements. In addition to an updated computer and internet access, students taking online optometry courses may need specific software programs to view course materials, such as Microsoft PowerPoint. Experienced optometrists can increase their expertise and earn continuing education credits by completing online courses in specialized topics related to the practice of eye care.

What other students turned professionals have to say about us after learning with us and reaching their goals.

I am REN VARUGHESE MAMMEN working as junior Optometrist at Chaitanya Eye Hospital and Research Institute Trivandrum. I thank Indian Academy of Optometry for providing great platform for working Optoms. When ever Dr APJ Abdul Kalam took speeches he used to say that we should always have dreams. When I was studying for BSc optometry I have a dream to take fellowship in Orthoptics ,Low Vision and Contact Lens but after completing my internship I got job at the same hospital. Mean while I heard about the online fellowships running by #IamOpto, it was a great platform for me to join and study the subjects. Ren varughese mammen star star star star star

Hi, I am Dhaisy Kandhan Karunai from Puducherry. I would like to thank Indian Academy of Optometry with great pleasure because it fulfils my long term needy in updation myself in the field of Optometry. I completed my Diploma in 1999 and then I was worked in a private eye hospital for about 10 years and then I got Government service. In between I got stucked with my family and work pressure and hence I couldn't update myself eventhough distance education in Optometry was available then. When I am forced to update myself with new comer Optometrist the Distance Education doors were closed. Alas!! One day I saw an advertisement in facebook from Indian Academy of Optometry, that online courses are available, no words to express my happiness. I am very much obliged to the Indian Academy of Optometry. Little anxiety is here because I competing with young and fresh Optometrist. Though I am a slow learner I hope that I will complete my course in this academic year itself. Hope we all do well and update ourselves to serve the needy one in the field of Optometry. Thank you With regards Dhaisy Kandhan Karunai. Dhaisy star star star star star

I am Anciya kunjachan.Working as an peadiatric optometrist in Little Flower Hospital and Research centre as part of ORBIS REACH project.When I completed my internship,that time I thinking about a higher studies. More than a master's course I like to do a course specialising one subject. And keep doing my job simultaneously. I hear about Indian Academy of Optometry in IOA Kerala group . Now I am studying Followship and PG diploma in Strabismus management.It's more helpful me to improve my knowledge and update it. This online program benefit for time management also. I sincerely thanking to all coordinator's of this program. Anciya Kunjachan star star star star star

I am Sumayya Banu CA.First of all thank you so much #IamOpto for providing such an amazing fellowship programmes. When i'm studying, Contact Lens was my favourite subject. I was already planned to do a fellowship in contact lens.Because i want to study more about it. Then i started to search about the fellowship programmes. I got details about Indian Academy. Everybody gave me a good feedback about this Online fellowship programme.So I joined without any confusion.This is really helpful to improve our knowledge.There will be no difficulties to doing my clinical and other job together with this fellowship.I'm continuing both my education and other works peacefully.There are lots of updates available about Contact Lens in my log in portal. Notes are vere easy to adapt. The way of arrangement of chapters are also good.I sincerely thanking to all the Coordinators of Indian Academy especially Prabhashini Mam for helping Me. Thankyou SUMAYYA BANU C A star star star star star

Indian Academy of Optometry is a great opportunity for a working optometrist who is having a desire to do Fellowship in their interested area. Currently I enrolled for Strabismus management,which gives me a dual certification under NCVRT. Doing this course is really convenient for me and it is going well along with my job. It is a well designed course provided with online study materials including videos and onsite hands on training.This helps me to upgrade my knowledge in the respective area. I am very grateful to my faculties who are always there to clear my doubts and for evaluating unit wise proficiency test. Thank you Indian Academy of Optometry. Aparna Sudheesh star star star star star

It is my honour and privilege to thank the Indian Academy of Optometry for awarding me admission to Fellowship in Strabismus Management.It's a great opportunity that I can do my fellowship programme under certified institute, It's very convenient for me to pursue this online education with my work without any obstacles. The fellowship enabled me to obtain best practice training in Strabismus especially in the areas of Pediatrics. The fellowship training also provided me with the opportunity to fine tune my research skills resulting in various research outputs. A great Thanks to Indian Academy of Optometry for providing me this platform to continue my dream. Bharathraj S star star star star star

I would like to thank and appreciate Indian Academy of Optometry for providing an opportunity to continue my studies in the field of Optometry. Rather than pursuing a Masters Degree, this program helps to go deeply on each area we select at a reasonable fees. This fellowship under NCVRT helped me to acquire best training in Contact Lens Dispensing along with my job without being a burden. The way of presentation especially the detailed explanations and videos enable me to grasp them so quickly. After completion of my Degree I was not aware of this online classes provided by Indian Academy of Optometry. But now I'm fully satisfied and happy to be a part of this program. Megha Mary John star star star star star

I would like to appreciate Indian Academy of Optometry and efforts each and everyone have put in to start up and achieve online classes for working Optometrist. Soon as passing out from bachelor's degree one will find confused and anxious about taking next academic decision. Practicing in a particular focused field takes time but now things are made fine and easy with online theory classes ,the standard of theory classes are very satisfying and worth it ,in affordable price. Am happy I could be a Fellow member of Strabismus Management and follow my dream Shalin star star star star star

Thanks to IamOpto for providing me with a platform to continue my dream and pursue my further studies in the field of Optometry, staying with my family without obstacles. The detail-oriented classes and explanations has helped in understanding and grabbing the knowledge creating an atmosphere just like that of classroom. After completing my master’s degree, it was always a goal of mine to continue with higher studies.But being as a Teaching faculty, it was difficult to attend onsite classes and thus had to prefer my career over my education. It is a great opportunity for me to do my fellowship in contact lens on online basis that improve my knowledge also to update it. But now that I have found out about it, I am happy to be a part of it and continue my career without shutting myself off. I am thank full to all the coordinators of this program. Rani Sathyadas star star star star star

I am Indu Pushpan working as an Optometrist at I vision eye care centre Chalakudy. I thank Indian Academy of Optometry for providing great platform to me by rendering online classes by expert professionals and also their facilities for us in all efforts to groom us as a professional excellence. The fellowship under National Council helped me to acquire best training in Contact Lens Dispensing along with my Job without any difficulties. Heartfelt thanks to IamOpto for providing me a platform to continue my dream and pursue my further studies along with my carrier in the field of Optometry. INDU PUSHPAN star star star star star

Indian Academy of Optometry gives a detailed knowledge of the course. It's good for a individual who is doing their job and also wants to increase their degree by doing fellowship side by side. It is helping me a lot for my career and I'm sure will help others too. I never felt like I'm studying online because my doubts use to get clear instantly. I thank the entire team for there endless support. Akanksha Samal star star star star star

I am Thiyagarajan working as an optometrist in Radhatri Netharalaya Chennai. To be honest , this was my first online class. I am looking forward to taking more online classes, I very thank Indian academy of Optometry for giving me great opportunity via this online classes , doing this course(fellowship in contact lens) is really comfortable for me and it is well along with my job , they provided with online study materials , ppt presentation this helps me to upgrade my knowledge , once again hearty thanks to iamopto Thiyagarajan star star star star star

I am Disha Mamniya, M.Optom from Mumbai. i have been practising vision therapy since some years. I came across Indian academy of optometry while searching for a course that could impart higher level of knowledge in Strabismus management and vision therapy. Mrs Prabhashini helped me come in contact with different students who shared about their experience after beginning this course. I am very much satisfied doing the fellowship as the course material is quite in detail, clearing all doubts and queries related to strabismus. The details covered about the strabismus management is extensive and the team of Indian Academy of Optometry responds very well to any kind of queries raised. Personally, after doing M.Optom program, i feel this fellowship program has really been a value addition. I am happy, there is such a value addition course available which students can perceive online too. Disha Mamniya star star star star star

I am G. Thamizharasi , It is my honour and privilege to thank the Indian Academy of Optometry for awarding me admission to Fellowship in Strabismus ( squint ) .This program helps to go deeply on each area so we can easily understand oriented classes and give detail explanations to helps in grabbing the knowledge to easily creating an atmosphere . It is helping me a lots for my career and I'm sure will help others too. I would like to thank and appreciate Indian Academy of Optometry to continue my studies in the field of Optometrist. I thank the entire team for all those who appreciates and those who support to our careers Thamizharasi.G star star star star star

I am Drisya G L from Trivandrum. When I completed my internship, I am thinking about a higher studies. More than a master's course I like to do a course specializing one subject. I hear about Indian academy of Optometry. Now I am studying Fellowship in Low Vision Rehabilitation, which gives me a dual certificate under National council for vocational research and training It is a well designed course provided with online study materials including videos and onsite hands on training. This helps me to upgrade my knowledge in the respective area. Now I'm fully satisfied and happy to be a part of this program. Thanks to #IamOpto for providing me with a platform to continue my dream and pursue my further studies in the field of Optometry. DRISYA G.L star star star star star

No more words to say, this is the way of my dream come true. I am Shabiya, working as an optometrist in Alain optical clinic. When i started my career i am looking forward to doing extra more to learn , and that is reached in Indian Academy of Optometry Fellowship program. I have no more confusion to join and choose Paediatric optometry as my subject. Doing it with much excitement and support from my family. This fellowship program is very helpful to develop my knowledge and to update as well. I enjoyed my learning because this is my dream sincerely. After all I trusted this is by the grace of God and hope all is well. Now I am fulfilling my happiness to the whole team behind the program, and giving thanks to each and everyone by the side of my heart. In addition Good luck for all the students as me, once again thank you #iamopto Shabiya.Liyakath star star star star star

I am Abirami, working at Sankara Eye Hospital Vellore. Indian academy of optometry is providing a useful platform for those who are in the optometry field. They enhance the knowledge of the students in a very good manner in their own interest. I was very happy to be a student of this academy. I deserved good knowledge through this one. Thanks to INDIAN ACADEMY OF OPTOMETRY S.ABIRAMI star star star star star

I am Vishal Gupta Founder & Director of Max Opticians. I was always eager to learn up-to-date knowledge and skills in Optometry and it was my aim to do fellowship in Contact lens but due to lack of time and moving away from my city it was not possible. But everyone knows for every problem there is a solution. I came to know about Indian Optometry Academy where I can do my online fellowship course in contact lens where I can study and can do my practicals as per my flexibility thanks to Indian Optometry academy. Keep the momentum. It's a great initiative for Indian Optometrists those who are not able to do offline studies due to certain circumstances. Vishal Gupta star star star star star

I am Nishad begum, Lecturer at Abhaya College of Optometry, Bangalore. I am a sponge who seeks on absorbing knowledge and forever student to learn for long way. I'm really grateful that this platform helped to be updated and to be brush up my knowledge in the field of low vision, which is my favourite subject. Very informative notes , videos and lectures are always available in this amazing online platform and we can access it any time. All I can say is wow! I would like to thank again the team #iamopto for providing such an amazing opportunity for me to access the class even in my busy schedule. #iamopto team has given lot of their time, effort, energy to make it a best one This is my small-token of appreciation NISHAD BEGUM A P star star star star star

I really want to appreciate Indian Academy for providing great platform for working Optoms. After completing my degree i want to continuous my studies,Indian Academy giving me great opportunity continue my studies.This fellowship helped me to acquire best training in contact lens dispensing along with my job without any difficulties.My experience in the field of optometry as well as this online classes has been a rewarding learning experience.This course encourage me to gain more knowledge in CL dispensing.I think one of the most luring aspects of this course is how the programme team listen to us.I sincerely thanking to all coordinators of this program Linu Elizabeth Joseph star star star star star

I am Ansamol Chakkunny working as an optometrist at Luke Eye Hospital Perumbavoor. I thank Indian Academy of Optometry for providing a great platform to me by rendering online classes by expert professionals and also their facilities for us in all efforts to groom us as a professional excellence. This fellowship program is very helpful to develop my knowledge and to update as well. After completing my degree, I want to continue my studies, Indian Academy giving me a great opportunity to continue my studies. This fellowship helped me to acquire best training in Contact Lens dispensing along with my job without any difficulties. I thank the entire team for their endless support. Ansamol chakkunny star star star star star

Hi this is Tarique, a fellow student of pediatric optometrist It’s a good opportunity to all online fellowship programs the syllabus and soft copy of subjects are also okay I think everyone likes I would like to THANKS to all staff of INDIAN ACADEMY OF OPTOMETRY TO offer such a good topic and courses However as we know it’s online program only the soft copy, units and virtual classrooms,practicals are not enough to learn because for future clinical practice you should provide hard copy study materials which will be only fellowship subjects wise practice related concise book and upload many more different type of practical videos, special cases , it will be more impactful for all courses students also will be happy Because after completing this course everyone wants to implement in their clinical practice we take admissions not to get the certificate but also useful for future practice I think in future many more students will like to study across the country Lastly thanks to all Personnel of Indian Academy of Optometry for such a great work specially PRABHASHINI is to cooperative MD TARIQUE AZIZ star star star star star

I am Raheema, I completed my degree at SRM Institute of Science and Technology. After completing my degree, I was looking forward to upgrading myself. Then I came to know about Indian Academy fellowship programs. I was very excited and interested to join this online course. I chose Pediatric Optometry as my subject, this programme was very helpful to develop my knowledge and update myself in Pediatric Optometry. Lectures, videos and informative notes are available in this online program. We can access it anytime. This is the best way to learn and update ourselves. I would like to thank the entire team #iamopto for providing such amazing fellowship programs. Raheema P.G star star star star star

Quality study materials Rahmath k.A star star star star star

Best Academy of optometry to pursue fellowship, It helps us to do fellowship even in this pandemic condition. I wont say it is an online institution, According to the current situation everything is online. If IAO is online institution every other schools ,colleges are also online institution. IAO has given me a greater opportunity to do my fellowship under good guidance of the faculties of IAO.I will be always Grateful to IAO. I'm Proud to be an part of my college IAO. Pooja A star star star star star

Low vision syllabus is standard ..good option to do specialization in Optometry. Online exam is very helpful during pandemic .it will better if work up videos are added so tat practical knowledge can be developed Kaviyalakshmi D star star star star star

Knowledge enlightening course Satisfied with the vast syllabus and its illustration A life saver in this pandemic saranya saaru star star star star star

Nice platform to learn more new things. It would be better if practice can be done directly Sandhya star star star star star

Had a new experience of self learning and self assessing. ISHWARYA S star star star star star

As working optometrist this was a wonderful platform to improve my knowledge on Contact Lenses....The faculties were very cooperative and everything was well managed...Thank you... Akshay star star star star star

The classes was very detailed and organized and the notes was easy to learn and so useful. AISWARYA PR star star star star star

This course is very useful and I learned many useful and important topics and while I doing this course I enjoyed when doing all quiz before opening next units and this is very helpful to me. Nibila M star star star star star

Wonderful experience Somesh Sharma star star star star star

I'm Praha, I thank INDIAN ACADEMY OF OPTOMETRY for providing a great platform to me by rendering online classes by except professionals and also their facilities focus us in all effort to groom us as a professional excellence. This fellowship program is very helpful to develop my knowledge and to update as well. This fellowship helped me to acquire best training in PEDIATRIC OPTOMETRY along with my job without any difficulty. I thank the entire team for their endless support. T. Prabha star star star star star

I'd like to thank Indian academy of Optometry for a platform like this for the working professionals to enhance the knowledge in the desired optometric field. Given research papers and practical aspects of the subject are well detailed with up-to-date information. Juliet Eldrina T star star star star star

I am very proud of my Indian academy of optometry because there's high standards online courses are offering to the students &guidance in each and everyday. Sending new things through WhatsApp daily is highly appreciated. PARAMESWAR NAYAK star star star star star

I'm Shibila Nargees, former optometrist in Rayhan Eye Hospital Tirur. Unfortunately , it was a situation where I couldn't go to work. That's why I was so worried about my career. But i never wanted to be out of my filed . That's when I heard about the fellowships program of Indian Academy of Optometry. I was more interested in doing refraction for pediatric group. So ,I have no confusion to join and choose pediatric optometry as my subject. Detailed explanation and videos enabled me to grasp so quickly and that too at an affordable fee. It's very help full to develop my knowledge. No doubt ,I'm fully satisfied to be part of this program. Shibila Nargees Fellow in Paediatric Optometry Shibila nargees star star star star star

I am JESUS RAMIREZ MERCHAN from Spain and I currently work as an Optometrist at Hospital La Paz in Madrid, Spain. I am grateful to the Indian Academy of Optometry for providing an excellent platform for learning. I was lucky to find it to improve my knowledge in the field of Low Vision from abroad. I am very happy because the level of the course is really high and the syllabus is very broad. I am sure that I will use the knowledge gained throughout this course to help my patients improve their quality of life. So I am blissful I could be a Fellowship member of Low Vision. Finally, I want to thank all the professionals, colleagues and teachers in the effort they have made to make Iamopto a benchmark for all those professionals who want to update their knowledge in different areas of optometry. JESUS RAMIREZ MERCHAN La Paz Hospital, Madrid Spain JESUS RAMIREZ MERCHAN star star star star star

I am Catherine B Vincent . It's a great opportunity to be the part of Indian Academy of Optometry. When I completed my internship that time I am thinking about doing further higher studies . It's very convenient for me pursue online education .I always wanted to study more about contact lens & it's practical section. This is really helpful to improve our knowledge . I am thanking Indian Academy of Optometry for providing me a platform to continue my career. Catherine B Vincent Fellow Contact Lens Ephaphtha Titan Eye Plus Poonkunnam Catherine B Vincent star star star star star

My name is Ighakali. I am from the state of Nagaland and currently pursuing my masters but along with that since I am very interested in Contact Lens I was searching for an online Institute which could provide me with a fellowship in Contact Lens Dispensing while I go hand in hand with my Masters program as well and then I came across Indian Academy of Optometry which has provided a very useful online platform for working Optometrist/students to continue with Fellowship in whichever particular area that he/she is interested in. Since you can take up any classes at your own convenient time it is helping me to manage my Masters program without any pressure. It also of course provides practical videos which is very helpful in understanding the topics better along with daily updates on recent studies and up to date information. Also providing digital library with many useful contents. All thanks to Indian Academy of Optometry for such a wonderful experience in learning. Blessed and Grateful to be a part of Indian Academy K Ighakali Ayemi star star star star star

I'm so glad I enrolled in this course. It was a wonderful experience. This course provided me with a glimpse into the world of online learning , the institutional and open access technology that is required for it, and the learning curve that is required by learner to make it work. This course has both depth and breadth and its up to the learner to either skim the surface or plunge into it depending on your time availability and pace. It does seem very dense, however, for a 1 year course, but the learner can keep going back to the resources that are update to the learner after the self-assessment tests. I highly recommend this course, and would like to enroll in it again at some point. Thanks to Indian academy of optometry for provided me such a platform to continue my develop, education, knowledge, skills. 🙏 jai Hind, jai Bharat. Anil Kumar Yadav B.S., M.S. Optometry/Pursuing PhD in Optometry. Senior optometrist/Ocularists Dr. Agarwal eye Hospital, Kampala Uganda. Anil Kumar Yadav star star star star star

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Optometry Council of India

Creating excellence in eye & vision care through optometry education & regulation

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Optometrist

There are more than 42000 primary eye care practitioners in India in addition to ophthalmologists who provide medical and surgical therapy the term. The term “ Eye care practitioners” includes optometrists, ophthalmic assistants and refractionists. Due to the huge number of eye care practitioners in India and the large number of institutions offering education, we need to establish uniform standards of education and practice so that our profession is on par with any other health care profession. An organisation that can represent the entire body of professionals to the government and also bring the profession to world-class standards - by regulating the practice and providing means of continuing education is the need of the hour. In order to answer this need, the Optometry Council of India was set up as a representative and regulatory body for the eye care practitioners in India.

The Optometry Council of India (OCI) is a self – regulatory body that was established in September 2012 under the Company Act and registered under the company act 25A( Not- for- profit company). This organization was formed with the help of Indian Optometry Federation (IOF) and Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry (ASCO).

It has a nine member board consisting of:

Three members from Indian Optometry Federation ( IOF)

Three members from Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry (ASCO)

A representative from Non – Government Organization who is active in eye care sector

A member involved with experience in community health programs

An active member from the health care sector of good standing

Why Optometry Council in India

Mindful of the need to certify and regulate the competence and standards of Optometrists and of Optometry Schools and Colleges; the Indian Optometry Federation (IOF) and the Association of Schools and Colleges of India (ASCO) have together established a private, peer regulating Optometry Council of India in September 2012.

Role of Optometrists in India

In India, optometrists play a vital role in ensuring visual comfort of millions of people who need eye care. Optometrists work every day to save many schoolchildren from visual impairment or dropping out of school by timely prescription of glasses, help the elderly regain vision with glasses or timely referral for surgery, and also in multiple rural and urban areas by identifying potentially dangerous conditions that threaten eyesight or require surgery.

This service is not just in rural areas where medical care is inaccessible but also in urban areas where optometrists are approached for advice as the primary eye care professionals in the corporate sector too, optometrists are rendering specialized service in contact lenses, orthoptic management, low vision, ocular diagnostics and many other areas..

Benefits of OCI

Quality eye care
Cost effective eye care
Ensure delivery of quality education in optometry colleges
Provide adequate optometry work force
Develop skilled optometry work force

Facts on Eye Care in india

More than 450 million people in india need glasses today. india has only one ophthalmologist for every 2,00,000 people. optometry has contributed substantially to reducing the burden of uncorrected refractive error and common eye disease in india..

New Announcements

OCI along with WCO is participating in myopia awareness campaign on Myopia week which has been declared as May 13-19 by WCO. Read More

Ocanz makes oci registration compulsory for indian application, registration with oci will be considered as part of the application process for the ocanz examination, know your colleagues through us by filling this form, letter of clarification from oci board click here.

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Indian J Ophthalmol
v.60(5); Sep-Oct 2012

The role of optometrists in India: An integral part of an eye health team

Neilsen de souza.

1 Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, Australia

2 International Centre for Eyecare Education, Sydney, Australia

Stephanie Looi

3 Vision CRC, Sydney, Australia

Prakash Paudel

Lakshmi shinde.

4 Indian Optometry Federation, New Delhi

5 India Vision Institute, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India

Krishna Kumar

6 Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Rajbir Berwal

Rajesh wadhwa, vinod daniel, judith flanagan, brien holden.

India has a proud tradition of blindness prevention, being the first country in the world to implement a blindness control programme which focused on a model to address blinding eye disease. However, with 133 million people blind or vision impaired due to the lack of an eye examination and provision of an appropriate pair of spectacles, it is imperative to establish a cadre of eye care professionals to work in conjunction with ophthalmologists to deliver comprehensive eye care. The integration of highly educated four year trained optometrists into primary health services is a practical means of correcting refractive error and detecting ocular disease, enabling co-managed care between ophthalmologists and optometrists. At present, the training of optometrists varies from two year trained ophthalmic assistants/optometrists or refractionists to four year degree trained optometrists. The profession of optometry in India is not regulated, integrated into the health care system or recognised by the majority of people in India as provider of comprehensive eye care services. In the last two years, the profession of optometry in India is beginning to take the necessary steps to gain recognition and regulation to become an independent primary health care profession. The formation of the Indian Optometry Federation as the single peak body of optometry in India and the soon to be established Optometry Council of India are key organisations working towards the development and regulation of optometry.

Blindness and vision impairment continue to be significant public health issues in India. The National Programme for Control of Blindness has emphasized the need for cataract surgical services and refraction services to be augmented, both in quantity and quality, in order to achieve the goal of eliminating avoidable blindness by 2020.[ 1 ] Cataract continues to be the leading cause of blindness in India with three out of every four people, above the age of 50 years, blind due to cataract.[ 1 ] However, uncorrected refractive error remains a major cause of avoidable vision impairment and the second most common cause of blindness in India. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 39.3 million, including 1.6 million children in India, are blind or visually impaired due to uncorrected refractive error.[ 2 ] A recent report states a yet higher prevalence of uncorrected refractive error around 133 million people blind or vision impaired including 11 million children due to lack of an eye examination and provision of an appropriate pair of spectacles.[ 3 ] In addition to this, in 2010, the number of people with glaucoma in India (most of whom are undiagnosed) was almost 12 million.[ 4 ] Almost 96.4% of vision impairment in the population aged 50 years and over is treatable or avoidable.[ 1 ] To eliminate vision impairment and avoidable blindness, adequate standardized and regulated training of eye care personnel is essential.

Disorders of the eye and vision have broad health cost implications in addition to the potential for causing disability, suffering, and loss of productivity. Global economic productivity loss in international dollars (I$) associated with refractive error is in the range of I$191.1–427.7 billion without adjustment for country-specific labour force participation and employment rates, with I$23 billion in India alone.[ 3 , 5 ] Hence, provision of quality optical correction would benefit the Indian economy significantly.

Access to a comprehensive eye examination and spectacles in India is limited by insufficient trained human resources and inequitable distribution of professionals.[ 6 ] At present ophthalmologists bear much of the burden of providing comprehensive eye care in India. The ophthalmologist to population ratio in urban India is 1:25,000.[ 7 ] However, in the rural areas of India, the ratio is close to 1:219,000 population. Seventy percent of the ophthalmologists are located in urban areas where approximately 23% of the population of India reside.[ 8 ] This discrepancy indicates the pressing need for rural eye care professionals.

In 1998, researchers at the LV Prasad Eye Institute highlighted the escalating burden of blindness and vision impairment in India, discussing the need for increased numbers of eyecare professionals to address these issues of avoidable vision impairment and blindness.[ 9 ] In particular, they called for the development and utilization of an Indian profession of optometry.[ 9 ] This work attempts to identify the roles and challenges of optometrists in India and discusses the strategies undertaken to develop optometry as a regulated and independent profession.

The education and training of optometrists in India ranges from two-year trained ophthalmic assistants/optometrists or refractionists to four-year trained optometrists [ Table 1 ]. Some institutions provide a one-year vision technician course; however, this does not comply with the minimum optometrist training duration set by the Indian Optometry Federation. India has approximately 9000 four-year trained optometrists and 40,000 two-year trained eye care personnel.[ 3 ] To provide comprehensive vision care to all the people of the country, 115,000 four-year trained optometrists are required.[ 3 ] It is imperative that regulation and standardization of training and care define this emerging profession in India.

Optometry cadres in India recognized by the India Optometry Federation

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Object name is IJO-60-401-g001.jpg

Currently, ophthalmic assistants work as independent associates of ophthalmologists in many hospitals testing vision and prescribing spectacles; performing orthoptic examination, tonometry and visual fields; managing minor operation theatre procedures along with school eye screening and training peripheral staff (Accredited Social and Health Activist [ASHA] workers and Anganwadi workers, multipurpose health workers); and performing preoperative testing (syringing, A-scan, preparation of eye and local anaesthesia before surgery and postoperative care).

According to the Delhi Declaration on Optometry and Blindness Prevention in India, optometry should encompass all those who refract, detect adverse eye conditions and eye signs of general adverse health conditions and prescribe visual aids as part of comprehensive primary eye care.[ 3 ] While two-year trained optometrists provide refraction, dispense spectacles and contact lenses and provide basic diagnostic services, four-year professionally trained optometrists provide comprehensive vision care. In order for increased equity in vision care and eye health, there must be widespread implementation of four-year education programs and regulation, which is just beginning to be realized. Through development and implementation of four-year education programs and the push toward regulation, the profession of optometry in India is beginning to position itself to provide a widespread private and public role in vision care as a vital component of the eye health partnership with ophthalmology.

The Role and Challenges of Optometry in India

According to the definition of World Council of Optometry (WCO), an organization which represents over 250,000 optometrists worldwide, “Optometry is a healthcare profession that is autonomous, educated, and regulated (licensed/registered), and optometrists are the primary healthcare practitioners of the eye and visual system who provide comprehensive eye and vision care, which includes refraction and dispensing, detection/diagnosis and management of disease in the eye, and the rehabilitation of conditions of the visual system” .[ 10 ]

Refractive error services provide a practical entry point into the eye health system for those needing correction. With 88.2% of blindness avoidable in India, it is important to provide a comprehensive ocular health examination alongside the refractive error services.[ 1 ]

Fully qualified optometrists with a minimum of four years of training are qualified to:

Prescribe the latest advances in spectacle lenses including progressive, aspheric, and safety/protective spectacles based on the visual needs of the patient,
prescribe rigid and soft contact lenses including orthokeratology, frequent replacement, and extended wear contact lenses,
conduct complex contact lens fitting for paediatric eye conditions, keratoconus, postsurgical complications, eye trauma, and corneal ectasia,
prescribe vision therapy, vision training or orthoptic treatment for children with learning problems or common binocular vision disorders, including strabismus and ambylopia,
provide low vision and rehabilitative services-vision aids assisting visually impaired people to use their functional vision more effectively,
detector diagnose ocular conditions and associated systemic health conditions, and refer them to appropriate health care professionals, and
offer counselling services on preventive vision care.

The services offered by an optometrist vary from country to country. The scope of practice of optometry in India is still poorly defined. The public do not have a clear understanding of the role and responsibility of optometrists in the healthcare system. There are multiple cadres of optometrists providing eye care services with varying levels of skill and training.

Comprehensive vision care comprises evaluation, assessment, management, and coordination of a wide range of health care needs with appropriate referral to ophthalmologists or general practitioners when required. In addition to early detection and preventative care, optometrists educate patients regarding the status of their vision and eye health, advise when to seek assistance to ensure early intervention, promote lifestyle choices to ensure good vision and health, provide information regarding visual ergonomics, identify environmental hazards to the eyes and vision, and educate the community to prevent problems and maintain ocular health.

Ongoing communication and common referral systems between optometrists, ophthalmologists, and other medical and rehabilitation professionals provide improved patient management and benefit public wellbeing. Four-year trained optometrists are able to take an active role in the co-management of vision and eye care problems of their patients along with general practitioners and other health professionals. At present, co-managed care between ophthalmologists and optometrists is relatively uncommon in India. With more four-year trained optometrists and the regulation of practice and education, it is expected that highly trained optometrists will play a vital role in inter-professional communication.

Indian two-year diploma optometrists are trained in refraction, and some also have training in contact lenses, ocular disease detection, diagnosis as well as binocular vision and low vision. Eye care personnel with fewer than four years training are less expensive to train; however, they lack the theoretical underpinning, critical thinking skills and ability to contribute to clinical decision-making and vision research. Ophthalmologists require much more expensive training to be able to provide these services.

Four-year trained optometrists offer a reasonable human resource approach as they acquire sufficient basic training and experience to provide comprehensive vision care. Four-year trained optometrists are able to perform comprehensive examination of both the internal and external structures of the eye, carry out subjective and objective tests to evaluate patients’ vision, analyse the test findings, and establish a diagnosis and initiate appropriate management. It is thus more efficient to use four-year trained optometrists, freeing up ophthalmologists for surgery and for treatment of complex cases.

It is not cost effective for the eye health system to provide refractive and ocular disease detection only in tertiary eye health services. Regulated and standardized 4 year trained optometrists can make a major contribution to eye care in a more convenient and cost effective way at a community level.

In countries such as Australia, the United States and United Kingdom, optometry is practiced in accordance with strict regulatory guidelines. An independent regulatory body ensures all people who seek the services of an optometrist receive a consistent and high standard of comprehensive eye care. Registered optometrists are required to adhere to a code of practice, standards and guidelines that define the practice of optometrists. The registration boards are also responsible for approving accreditation standards and accredited courses of study to ensure graduating practitioners have the skills and competency to practice optometry to a high standard.

Optometry in India is making progress toward regulation. The Optometry Council of India, which is due to commence in late 2012, will serve as a peer reviewed independent statutory body to promote high standards of professional practice and conduct and assure quality control in education and in the practice of optometry. The council will deal with complaints against registered optometrists regarding matters of professional misconduct, and implement disciplinary action against those who do not adhere to the code of practice. Therefore, the scope of practice needs to be clearly defined.

The Future of Optometry in India

Regulating optometry and defining the scope of practice for an optometrist.

While optometry is not recognized by the Government of India as an independent healthcare profession, the Optometry Council of India will be a self regulating body to accredit practitioners and optometry schools against a set of guidelines. Initially, the Optometry Council of India will register those with less than a four-year degree, providing mechanisms for any such candidate to reach the requisite level of skills and knowledge of a four-year trained professional. This will be achieved through the development and implementation of bridging courses and lateral entry into optometry training programs by schools and colleges of optometry. By 2020, it is envisaged that the Optometry Council will only accept new registrations from four-year qualified optometrists.

With input from the Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry and Indian Optometry Federation, the Optometry Council of India will develop a national system for the accreditation of optometry schools, colleges and training institutions through the implementation of a Common Minimum Optometry Curriculum and have competency skill level evaluations and assessments for each level of optometry. Registered practicing optometrists will be required to participate in continuing education courses to encounter the new challenges of changes in technology and practice spectrum.

The unification of optometry: The Indian Optometry Federation

India has at least 13 major state and national optometry and ophthalmic assistant associations. To achieve regulation and recognition of optometry, the profession must be represented by a single peak body to provide a common platform and united voice for optometry in India.

The Indian Optometry Federation (IOF) was registered as a national body in 2011. The IOF has adopted a single nomenclature “optometrist” for all practitioners with qualifications of two or more years [ Table 1 ]. Optometrists, ophthalmic assistants and ophthalmic officers who have 10 years of school, two years of science training, and two years of clinical placement, or higher qualifications have joined the associations and organizations that have formed the IOF. Currently, IOF has 13 member associations.

The IOF is actively working on creating public awareness about optometry and its contribution to society. In addition, it is actively lobbying the government to obtain independent status for optometry in India. The IOF is also a member of VISION 2020 India and is planning to work actively with them to achieve distribution of human resources throughout the country with respect to eye care so that the goals of VISION 2020 are met.

Through the IOF, the profession of optometry in India is currently making the necessary changes to establish itself as an integral part of the health system. Strategies that are being undertaken to enable this include:

Defining the scope of practice of an optometrist
Unification of optometry under one professional organization
Advocating the regulation of the practice of optometry by the government
Registration of optometry as an independent profession
Building of optometric human resources and infrastructure for eye care delivery
Development of a public health responsibility and rural placement strategy for undergraduate optometrists
Contribution to clinical and fundamental vision science research

Registering optometry as an independent health care profession

Currently, optometry is considered by some to be an allied health or paramedical profession in India. Considering the primary access by the public, the skills and services provided by optometrists, and the contribution to knowledge by optometric research, optometry must be considered an independent profession and be afforded an independent government controlled council such as pharmacy and dentistry. The optometrist, being the first line of contact in eye care, must be legislated to work independently in order to provide essential eye care service across the country, detect various systemic diseases in the population and work collaboratively with ophthalmologists.

Building human resources and infrastructure

Optometry schools require a large cohort of skilled faculty to meet the enormous education needs. Initially, priority should be given to up-scale existing education resources, infrastructure, and educators. Currently, there are around 70–100 optometric academics in India with postgraduate qualifications, mainly Masters degrees. Increasing the number of educators with postgraduate qualifications will build the capacity of schools to produce high quality research.

For optometry to establish itself in India it is important for the profession to contribute to the field of eye care through research and publication in peer reviewed journals. Publications in peer reviewed journals are a statement of independent science and knowledge. They are the public face of the profession, showcasing the work of optometry not only to other practitioners and scientists, but also to policy makers and the public. Research by optometrists facilitates sharing of new information, allowing clinicians to benefit from clinical observations and scientific discoveries.

To address this, the India Vision Institute (IVI), established in October 2011 by the Brien Holden Vision Institute and LV Prasad Eye Institute, is coordinating a major business strategy to develop the necessary human resources, infrastructure, and research advancement to provide quality vision care for India and also establish a vision industry of global significance and impact. IVI has conducted workshops and forums to assist optometry colleges including the International Centre for Eye Care Education (ICEE) EyeTeach workshops, forums on refractive error, research methodology workshops and low vision awareness programs. IVI is currently providing scholarships for Indian optometrists to undertake postgraduate education in India.

Developing public health responsibility and rural placement undergraduate optometry

With adequate training and regulation, optometrists are able to provide comprehensive eye care in private, hospital and remote environments without supervision. As training four-year optometrists does not ensure they will practice in rural regions, it is important that any strategy for training optometrists also includes methods to recruit and retain them, including providing incentives and career systems to encourage practice in rural communities.

The WHO has issued specific recommendations for the recruitment and retention of rural health professionals. Broadly, these can be grouped into three areas–education and regulatory interventions (e.g., targeting rural students for admission, and early and frequent exposure to rural practice while training), special compensation (e.g., an allowance for working in rural, remote or difficult areas, or providing housing), and management systems (including better education opportunities for those who want to pursue further studies and supportive supervision).[ 11 ]

The training and scope of practice of optometry in India has been somewhat fragmented in the past but has, in the last two years, made tremendous progress toward the establishment of a unified, standardized, and regulated profession that will meet its responsibilities for vision care, eye health, and provision of optical services to all those needing vision correction. Progress has included the formation of the IOF, the adoption of the Common Minimum Optometry Curriculum, the development and adoption of the Delhi Declaration, the commitment to a four-year degree program for all optometry registrants from 2020, and the establishment of a peer review Optometry Council of India to oversee education and educational institutions and to register optometrists. This augurs well for the elimination of the blindness and impaired vision due to uncorrected refractive error that affects 133 million Indians at a societal cost of over I$23 billion in lost productivity and for 456 million Indians requiring vision correction to go about their daily lives. Indian optometry awaits approval from the Government of India to grant an independent healthcare professional status to optometrists. This will benefit the people of India, providing eyecare services for all, regardless of their economic status or geographical location.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. David Wilson, for having assisted by proofreading the manuscript, and Optometry Giving Sight for their support of the development of optometry in India.

Source of Support: Nil

Conflict of Interest: None declared

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Earn a Ph.D. in Vision Science

The Ph.D. in Vision Science is offered to top students worldwide. With leading programs in biology, optics, imaging, and vision science, you can prepare for a career in academic or industry research while interacting each week with professionals in the field.

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Degree requirements

Course descriptions

A diverse group of students at the Oxyopia seminar

Oxyopia: where visionaries share their work

Each semester, Ph.D. students are required to register for and participate in the weekly Vision Science Seminar, known as Oxyopia, the Greek word for “acute vision.” In these weekly seminars, you will hear from optometry faculty, graduate students, and visiting lecturers on their recent intellectual activity—or you may present your own.

Detecting glaucoma sooner with new imaging techniques

Dr. Donald T. Miller, a professor at the IU School of Optometry, and his research associates have created a new, noninvasive ophthalmoscopy method to see individual cells at the back of the eye, allowing eye care practitioners to directly count, for the first time ever, the cells that die in glaucoma and detect the disease earlier than with current clinical methods.

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PhD in Optometry

Duration: 3 Year(s)

Aditya Birla Sankara Nethralaya, Mukundpur, Kolkata

Course Type PhD

Course Specialty

Admission Intake

Fee ( INR ):

45000 (Annual)

Stipend (INR):

Accomodation:

Self Managed

Scholarship:

Eligibility

A Master's degree is required to pick up admission to a doctoral program. In certain subjects, completing a Masters in Philosophy (M.Phil.) is an essential to begin Ph.D.

Minimum Education

Admission Process:

Application Process include hard copy submission of duly filled application form, curriculum vitae, academic documents and ID proof.

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Jasprit bumrah produced figures of 3/21 in four overs as mumbai indians defeated punjab kings by 9 runs..

If I could anoint Jasprit Bumrah with a fast bowling PHD, I would. He is a terrific communicator, Knowledgable & articulate. I'd then have him hold bowling lectures to young for aspiring seam bowlers across the country at all levels. I wouldn't wait until he retired. #professor . — Ian Raphael Bishop (@irbishi) April 18, 2024

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Ipl 2024: former west indies cricketer ian bishop hailed a new role for mi's jasprit bumrah in his praise for the pacer's heroic spell against pbks on april 18. bishop wants bumrah to hold fast-bowling lectures for young and aspiring cricketers across india..

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Ian Bishop said he would give a fast-bowling PHD to Jasprit Bumrah after PBKS vs MI
Bumrah received the POTM for his performance in MI's win over PBKS
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Former West Indies cricketer Ian Bishop said he would give a fast-bowling PHD to Jaspirt Bumrah, after his sensational spell in MI's thrilling victory over PBKS in the Indian Premier League (IPL) 2024, on April 18 in Mullanpur. In the midst of a lacklustre overall bowling performance from MI's bowling unit, Bumrah's 3/21 spell became crucial in his side securing a nail-biting victory on Thursday by 9 runs. Bishop believes that Bumrah has the knowledge and expertise of the game, suitable enough to host fast-bowling lectures for young and aspiring cricketers across India even before his retirement from cricket.

Paltan, kaisa hai heart rate ab? ðŸ˜… #MumbaiMeriJaan #MumbaiIndians #PBKSvMI pic.twitter.com/SmfIjKR898 — Mumbai Indians (@mipaltan) April 18, 2024

If I could anoint Jasprit Bumrah with a fast bowling PHD, I would. He is a terrific communicator, Knowledgable & articulate. I’d then have him hold bowling lectures to young for aspiring seam bowlers across the country at all levels. I wouldn’t wait until he retired. #professor . — Ian Raphael Bishop (@irbishi) April 18, 2024

Speechless ðŸä·â€â™‚ï¸ðŸ™‡â€â™‚ï¸ #MumbaiMeriJaan #MumbaiIndians #PBKSvMI pic.twitter.com/k9OiSzYF8b — Mumbai Indians (@mipaltan) April 18, 2024

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Bishop wants Bumrah hold fast-bowling lectures for young and aspiring cricketers across India. ... Former West Indies cricketer Ian Bishop said he would give a fast-bowling PHD to Jaspirt Bumrah, after his sensational spell in MI's thrilling victory over PBKS in the Indian Premier League (IPL) 2024, on April 18 in Mullanpur. ...