case study class 12 biology

Class 12 Biology Case Study Based Questions PDF Download

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In the pursuit of academic excellence, Class 12 Biology students often encounter case studies that challenge their problem-solving abilities and critical thinking skills. These case studies serve as valuable learning tools, allowing students to apply their theoretical knowledge to real-life scenarios. In this article, we will delve into the significance of Class 12 Biology Case Study Based Questions and provide a downloadable PDF resource containing a collection of such questions. So, let’s explore how these case studies can enhance students’ understanding and performance in the subject.

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Case study-based questions simulate real-life situations, encouraging students to analyze, evaluate, and apply their knowledge to address specific problems. By engaging with these scenarios, students develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter, making their learning more meaningful and relevant.

Table of Contents

Case Study-Based Questions for Class 12 Biology

These Class 12th Case Study and Passage-Based Questions will help you to score 95% in Your Board Exams.

• Class 12 Physics Case Study Questions
• Class 12 Chemistry Case Study Questions
• Class 12 Biology Case Study Questions
• Class 12 Maths Case Study Questions

Books for Class 12 Biology

Strictly as per the new term-wise syllabus for Board Examinations to be held in the academic session 2024 for class 12 Multiple Choice Questions based on new typologies introduced by the board- Stand-Alone MCQs, MCQs based on Assertion-Reason Case-based MCQs. Include Questions from CBSE official Question Bank released in April 2024 Answer key with Explanations What are the updates in the book: Strictly as per the Term wise syllabus for Board Examinations to be held in the academic session 2024. Chapter-wise -Topic-wise Multiple choice questions based on the special scheme of assessment for Board Examination for Class 12th.

Case Study-Based Questions Benefit Class 12 Biology Students

Comprehensive learning.

By incorporating case studies into the curriculum, Class 12 Biology students gain a comprehensive understanding of complex biological concepts. These case studies encompass a wide range of topics, from ecology to genetics, and offer multifaceted learning experiences.

Application of Theoretical Knowledge

Theoretical knowledge becomes more valuable when students can apply it practically. Case study-based questions bridge the gap between theory and application, empowering students to connect classroom learning to real-world situations.

Engaging and Interactive Learning

Case studies have an inherent appeal, as they present intriguing problems that captivate students’ attention. This engagement enhances their motivation to learn, making the subject more enjoyable and meaningful.

Tips for Effective Utilization of Case Study-Based Questions

Collaborative learning.

Encourage students to discuss case studies in groups. Collaborative learning promotes teamwork, diverse perspectives, and a deeper understanding of the subject matter.

Teacher Guidance

Teachers play a crucial role in guiding students through the analysis of case studies. Providing insights, posing relevant questions, and facilitating discussions can significantly enhance the learning experience.

Regular Practice

Integrate case study-based questions into regular assessments. Regular practice helps students become more comfortable with this format and boosts their confidence in tackling complex problems.

Class 12 Biology Syllabus for 2024

Check the complete syllabus below along with the new exam scheme. 

Detailed Syllabus:

Unit-VI Reproduction

Chapter- 2:   Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Flower structure; development of male and female gametophytes; pollination – types, agencies and examples; out breeding devices; pollen-pistil interaction; double fertilization; post-fertilization events – development of endosperm and embryo, development of seed and formation of fruit; special modes- apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation.

Chapter- 3: Human Reproduction

Male and female reproductive systems; microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; gametogenesis-spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle; fertilisation, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation; pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); parturition (elementary idea); lactation (elementary idea).

Chapter- 4: Reproductive Health

Need for reproductive health and prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); birth control – need and methods, contraception and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); amniocentesis; infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

Unit-VII Genetics and Evolution

Chapter-5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; deviations from Mendelism – incomplete

dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, pleiotropy; elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; chromosome theory of inheritance; chromosomes and genes; Sex determination – in humans, birds and honey bees; linkage and crossing over; sex-linked inheritance – haemophilia, colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans – thalassemia; chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.

Chapter-6: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central Dogma; transcription, genetic code, translation; gene expression and regulation – lac operon; Genome, Human and rice genome projects; DNA fingerprinting.

Chapter-7: Evolution

Origin of life; biological evolution and evidence for biological evolution (paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, modern synthetic theory of evolution; mechanism of evolution – variation (mutation and recombination) and natural selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy – Weinberg’s principle; adaptive radiation; human evolution.

Unit-VIII Biology and Human Welfare

Chapter-8: Human Health and Diseases

Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, ascariasis, typhoid, pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm) and their control; Basic concepts of immunology – vaccines; cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence – drug and alcohol abuse.

Chapter-10: Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbes in food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and microbes as bio-control agents and bio-fertilizers. Antibiotics; production and judicious use.

Unit-IX Biotechnology and its Applications

Chapter-11: Biotechnology  – Principles and Processes

Genetic Engineering (Recombinant DNA Technology).

Chapter-12: Biotechnology and its Applications

Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, stem cell technology, gene therapy; genetically modified organisms – Bt crops; transgenic animals; biosafety issues, biopiracy and patents.

Unit-X Ecology and Environment

Chapter-13: Organisms and Populations

Population interactions – mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; population attributes – growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution. (Topics excluded: Organism and its Environment, Major Abiotic Factors, Responses to Abiotic Factors, Adaptations)

Chapter-14: Ecosystem

Ecosystems:  Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; energy flow; pyramids of number, biomass, energy (Topics excluded: Ecological Succession and Nutrient Cycles)

Chapter-15: Biodiversity and its Conservation

Biodiversity-Concept, patterns, importance; loss of biodiversity; biodiversity conservation; hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, Sacred Groves, biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife, sanctuaries and Ramsar sites.

Case study-based questions are invaluable tools that enrich the learning experience of Class 12 Biology students. They foster critical thinking, decision-making skills, and the practical application of theoretical knowledge. By engaging with case studies, students develop a deeper understanding of biological concepts and their relevance in the real world.

Are the case study-based questions suitable for self-study?

Absolutely! These case study-based questions are designed for both classroom learning and self-study. They are excellent resources for independent practice.

Where I can get Class 12th Biology Case Study Questions?

You can practice the Biology Class 12th Case Study Questions on studyrate.in for free.

Do the case studies cover the entire Class 12 Biology syllabus?

Yes, the case studies encompass various topics from the Class 12 Biology syllabus, providing comprehensive coverage.

Are answer keys provided for the case study-based questions?

Yes, after every questions the Ansswer is provided with detailed explanation

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Case Study Based Questions for CBSE Class 12 Biology Board Exam 2024: Read this article for Last Minute Revision

Cbse class 12 biology important case study questions : practise important case study based questions for class 12 biology board exam. these case study based questions are important for the upcoming cbse class 12 biology board exam 2024 on march 19, 2024..

CBSE Class 12th Biology Board Exam 2023-24 Pattern

The paper will be of 70 marks and the time duration for completing the paper will be 3 hours.

The paper will have 33 questions divided into 5 sections.

Section–A 16 questions of 1 mark each,

Section–B 5 questions of 2 marks each;

Section–C 7 questions of 3 marks each;

Section–D 2 case-based questions of 4 marks each,

and Section–E 3 questions of 5 marks each.

CBSE Class 12 Biology Important Case Study Based Questions

Case Study 1:  Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes to disjoin correctly during meiosis. It leads to the formation of a new cell with an abnormal amount of genetic material. A number of clinical conditions are the result of this type of chromosomal mutation. This results in the production of gametes containing a greater or lesser chromosomal amount than normal ones. Consequently, the individual may develop a trisomy or monosomal syndrome. Nondisjunction can occur in both Meiosis I and Meiosis II of the cellular division. It is also the main cause of many genetic disorders; however, its origin and process remain vague. Although it results in the majority of cases from errors in maternal meiosis II, both paternal and maternal meiosis I do influence it. Maternal age is considered a risk factor for trisomy, as well as recombination alterations and many others that can affect chromosomal segregation.

• It is the presence of an extra chromosome in a diploid cell.
• An aneuploid cell differs from other cells only in size.
• It can be less number of chromosomes in a diploid cell.
• Aneuploidy always affects female individuals.
• both i and iii
• both ii and iii
• i, iii and iv
• Errors in meiosis I is the only cause of aneuploidy
• Aneuploidy always affects sex chromosomes.
• Most of the aneuploidy results from errors in cell division involved in egg formation.
• Nondisjunction in meiosis I can lead to more abnormal cells than disjunction in meiosis II.
• both I and iii
• both iii and iv
• I, iii and iv
• Aneuploidy is not influenced by the mother’s age.
• Delivery before 30 years of age can decrease the incidence of aneuploidy in most cases
• The chance of aneuploidy increases up to 22 years of age.
• There is a dramatic increase in aneuploidy if the maternal age exceeds 30

• both ii and iv
• Chromosomal disorders
• Mendelian disorders
• Incomplete dominance
• All the above

Q5: Assertion: All types of genetic disorders are caused by chromosomal nondisjunction.

• Both assertion and reason are correct and the reason is the correct explanation of assertion
• Both assertion and reason are correct but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
• Assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect
• Both assertion and reason are incorrect

Case Study 2:  A Representative Diagram of the Human Genome Project:

• Biotechnology
• Biomonitoring
• Bioinformatics
• Biosystematics

Q2:  Name a free living, non-pathogenic nematode, the DNA of which has been completely sequenced.

Answer: Caenorhabditis elegans

Q3: Summarize the methodology adopted in the Human Genome Project.

Answer: Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) : The approach focused on identifying all the genes that are expressed as RNA.

Sequence Annotation : The other took the blind approach of simply sequencing the whole set of genome that contained all the coding and non-coding sequence, and later assigning different regions in the sequence with functions.

Q4: What are SNPs’? How are they useful in human genomics?

• Identify disease-causing genes in humans
• Can be used to understand the molecular mechanisms of sequence evolution.

Q5: Mention at least four salient features of the Human Genome Project.

• Human genome contains 3164.7 million bp.
• Average gene consists of 3000 bases, but sizes vary greatly.
• Almost all (99.9 percent) nucleotide bases are exactly the same in all people.
• Less than 2 percent of the genome codes for proteins.

Case Study 3: Two blood samples of suspects ‘A’ and ‘B’ were sent to the Forensic Department along with sample ‘C’ from the crime scene. The Forensic Department was assigned the responsibility of running the samples and matching the samples of the suspects with that of the sample from the scene of the crime and thereby identifying the culprit.

• A radioactively labelled double stranded RNA molecule.
• A radioactively labelled double stranded DNA molecule.
• A radioactively labelled single stranded DNA molecule.
• A radioactively labelled single stranded RNA molecule.

Q3: What does ‘minisatellite’ and ‘microsatellite’ mean in relation to DNA Fingerprinting?

Answer:  Minisatellite: the repeating unit consists of 10-100 base pairs.

Microsatellite: the repeating unit consists of 2-6 base pairs.

Q3: How does polymorphism arise in a population?

Answer: Polymorphism (variation at the genetic level) arises due to mutations.

Q4: State the steps involved in DNA Fingerprinting in a sequential manner.

• DNA isolation
• DNA digestion with restriction enzymes.
• DNA fragment separation by electrophoresis.
• Hybridization
• DNA visualization under UV light.

Case Study 4: Bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae  and Haemophilus influenzae  are responsible for the disease pneumonia in humans which infects the alveoli (air-filled sacs) of the lungs. As a result of the infection, the alveoli get filled with fluid leading to severe problems in respiration. The symptoms of pneumonia include fever, chills, cough, and headache. In severe cases, the lips and fingernails may turn gray to bluish in colour. A healthy person acquires the infection by inhaling the droplets/aerosols released by an infected person or even by sharing glasses and utensils with an infected person. Dysentery, plague, diphtheria, etc., are some of the other bacterial diseases in man. Many viruses also cause diseases in human beings. Rhinoviruses represent one such group of viruses that cause one of the most infectious human ailments – the common cold. They infect the nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs.

The common cold is characterized by nasal congestion and discharge, sore throat, hoarseness, cough,

headache, tiredness, etc., which usually lasts for 3-7 days. Droplets resulting from the cough or sneezes of an infected person are either inhaled directly or transmitted through contaminated objects such as pens, books, cups, doorknobs, computer keyboards or mice, etc., and cause infection in a healthy person.

• By exhaling droplets of a non-infected person.
• By headache or leg pain.
• By eating fast food.
• By inhaling droplets of an infected person.

Q4:  How long does the common cold last?

Answer: 3-7 days

Q5:  Write any two symptoms of the common cold and pneumonia.

Answer: Cough and nasal congestion.

Case Study 5: When you insert a piece of alien DNA into a cloning vector and transfer it into a bacterial, plant, or animal cell, the alien DNA gets multiplied. In almost all recombinant technologies, the ultimate aim is to produce a desirable protein. Hence, there is a need for the recombinant DNA to be expressed. The foreign gene gets expressed under appropriate conditions. The expression of foreign genes in host cells involves understanding many technical details. After having cloned the gene of interest and having optimised the conditions to induce the expression of the target protein, one has to consider producing it on a large scale. Can you think of any reason why there is a need for large-scale production? If any protein encoding gene is expressed in a heterologous host, it is called a recombinant protein. The cells harbouring cloned genes of interest may be grown on a small scale in the laboratory. The cultures may be used for extracting the desired protein and then purifying it by using different separation techniques.

• A continuous culture system
• A stirred-tank bioreactor without in-lets and out-lets
• Laboratory flask of the largest capacity
• None of the above
• upstream processing
• downstream processing
• bioprocessing
• postproduction processing
• Human insulin
• Growth hormone
• cleaving and joining of DNA segments with endonuclease
• cleaving DNA segments with endonuclease and re-joining with ligase
• cleaving and re-joining DNA segments with ligase
• cleaving DNA segments with ligase and re-joining with endonuclease

Case Study 6: Gene Therapy

Read the following and answer the questions that follow:

• Replacing a disease-causing gene with a healthy copy of the gene
• Inactivating a disease-causing gene that is not functioning properly
• Introducing a new or modified gene into the body to help treat a disease
• Adenosine deaminase
• phenylketonuria
• Phenylalanine
• Bone marrow transplantation
• Southern blotting

Q4 Introduction of gene isolate from bone marrow producing ADA should be introduced at what age to

• acute diseases
• physiological diseases
• hereditary diseases
• infectious diseases
• CBSE Class 12 Biology Previous Year Question Papers with Solutions PDF Download
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CBSE Class 12 Biology Case Study Questions PDF Download

Welcome to the comprehensive guide on CBSE Class 12 Biology Case Study Questions! In this article, we will delve into the world of Biology case studies, explore the importance of case study questions, and provide you with a PDF download that will assist you in mastering this subject. Whether you’re a student preparing for your examinations or a teacher looking to enhance your teaching materials, our detailed resource will help you excel in the realm of Biology.

Case studies are a widely used educational tool that involves the in-depth analysis of a particular situation, organism, process, or problem. In CBSE Class 12 Biology, case study questions are designed to evaluate students’ critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and practical application of biological concepts. These questions require students to apply their theoretical knowledge to real-life scenarios, thus fostering a deeper understanding of the subject matter.

Class 12 Biology Case Study Questions

CBSE Class 12 Biology question paper will have case study questions too. These case-based questions will be objective type in nature. So, Class 12 Biology students must prepare themselves for such questions. First of all, you should study NCERT Textbooks line by line, and then you should practice as many questions as possible.

Chapter-wise Solved Case Study Questions for Class 12 Biology

Class 12 students should go through important Case Study problems for Biology before the exams. This will help them to understand the type of Case Study questions that can be asked in Grade 12 Biology examinations. Our expert faculty for standard 12 Biology have designed these questions based on the trend of questions that have been asked in last year’s exams. The solutions have been designed in a manner to help the grade 12 students understand the concepts and also easy-to-learn solutions.

Books for Class 12 Biology

Strictly as per the new term-wise syllabus for Board Examinations to be held in the academic session 2022-23 for class 12 Multiple Choice Questions based on new typologies introduced by the board- Stand-Alone MCQs, MCQs based on Assertion-Reason Case-based MCQs. Include Questions from CBSE official Question Bank released in April 2022 Answer key with Explanations What are the updates in the book: Strictly as per the Term wise syllabus for Board Examinations to be held in the academic session 2022-23. Chapter-wise -Topic-wise Multiple choice questions based on the special scheme of assessment for Board Examination for Class 12th.

Tips to Excel in CBSE Class 12 Biology Case Study Questions

Thoroughly grasp the concepts.

Before attempting case study questions, ensure you have a strong grasp of fundamental biological concepts. Familiarize yourself with topics such as genetics, ecology, human physiology, and evolution. A solid foundation will empower you to tackle complex case studies with confidence.

Practice Regularly

Practice makes perfect, and this is especially true for case study questions. Allocate time to work through a diverse range of case studies regularly. Familiarizing yourself with different scenarios will prepare you for the unpredictability of examination questions.

Collaborate and Discuss

Engaging in group discussions with fellow students or teachers can be highly beneficial. Sharing perspectives, analyzing cases together, and discussing possible solutions can broaden your understanding and offer fresh insights.

Seek Guidance from Teachers

Don’t hesitate to approach your teachers for assistance. They possess valuable experience and expertise to guide you through challenging case studies and provide valuable feedback.

Time Management

During examinations, time management is crucial. Practice solving case study questions under timed conditions to improve your efficiency and ensure you complete all questions within the allocated timeframe.

In conclusion, mastering case study questions in CBSE Class 12 Biology is essential for a holistic understanding of the subject and for excelling in examinations. By honing your analytical abilities, practicing regularly, and seeking guidance, you can conquer even the most challenging case studies. Remember that learning Biology is not just about memorizing facts but about applying knowledge to real-world situations. So, embrace the power of case studies and delve into the fascinating world of Biology.

With the provided CBSE Class 12 Biology Case Study Questions PDF, you have a valuable resource at your disposal. Practice diligently, and you’ll witness your confidence soar as you become a proficient problem solver in the realm of Biology. Good luck on your academic journey!

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Case Study Questions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 15 Biodiversity and Conservation

• Last modified on: 2 years ago
• Reading Time: 4 Minutes

Question 1:

Within a region, species richness increases with increasing explored area, but only upto a limit. The given graph explains this relationship.

(i) What does the given figure show? (a) Rivet-popper hypothesis (b) Species-area relationship (c) Proportionate number of species of major taxa (d) a-ecological diversity

(ii) Equation for relationship (A) between species richness and area is (a) log S = log C + Z log A (b) log C = log S + Z log A (c) Z log A = log S + log C (d) log S = log C + log A.

(iii) What is the value of slope of line or regression coefficient Z for frugivorous birds? (a) 0.1-0.2 (b) 1.15 (c) 0.01-0.1 (d) 0.6-1.2

(iv) The shape of curve for relationship between species richness and areas for a wide variety of taxa is (a) straight line (b) parabola (c) rectangular hyperbola (d) bell shaped.

(v) Who gave this concept of increase in species richness with increasing area? (a) Humboldt (b) Odum (c) Edward Wilson (d) Paul Ehrlich

Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 9 Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Last modified on:2 years agoReading Time:2MinutesCase Study/Passage Based Questions: Question 1: Given below is a flowchart for the formation of somatic hybrid, Pomato. (i) A certain tissue, of a plant, infected with TMV was used to obtain a new plant using tissueculture technique. Identify the technique used and reason out the possibility of obtaininga new healthy…

Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Evolution

Last modified on:2 years agoReading Time:2MinutesCase Study/Passage Based Questions: Question 1: Darwin found the varieties of finches that in travelled to Galapagos Islands and observed variations in them. (i) What role does an individual organism play as per Darwin’s theory of natural selection?(ii) How did Darwin explain the existence of different varieties of finches on Galapagos…

Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 6 Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Last modified on:2 years agoReading Time:2MinutesCase Study/Passage Based Questions: Question 1: Given below is the diagram of a tRNA molecule. Answer the questions based on the above diagram:(i) Why is charging of tRNA essential in translation?(ii) Where does peptide bond formation occur in a bacterial ribosome?(iii) Name the scientist who called tRNA an adaptor molecule. Answer…

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Score More Case Study Chapter wise Practice Questions Biology Class-12

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ScoreMore Case Study Chapter-wise Practice Questions Biology Class-12 is curated with 750+ Chapter-wise MCQs related to Case study/ Passage based and Assertion & Reason with hints and explanations based on latest pattern of CBSE (2020-2021).

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MTG ScoreMore Case Study Based Sample Questions Biology Class 12 is specially designed to help students get familiar with solving these new patterns of questions. The book covers 750 + sample questions for practice with detailed explanations to each question. Practising these questions will definitely help students to get an edge in their CBSE preparations.

For the academic year 2020-21 CBSE has incorporated more Objective type/MCQ based questions which will focus on measuring critical thinking ability of students.

The new pattern of questions includes Case study based questions, Passage based questions, Assertion and Reason type questions. In Case study based/ Passage based questions, students will be expected to answer questions after reading a given paragraph or a passage. Assertion and Reason type question is just another way of checking the clarity of one’s concept.

• 1. Reproduction in Organisms*
• 2. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
• 3. Human Reproduction
• 4. Reproductive Health
• 5. Principles of Inheritance and Variation
• 6. Molecular Basis of Inheritance
• 7. Evolution*
• 8. Human Health and Diseases
• 9. Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production*
• 10. Microbes in Human Welfare
• 11. Biotechnology : Principles and Processes
• 12. Biotechnology and its Applications
• 13. Organisms and Populations
• 14. Ecosystem*
• 15. Biodiversity and its Conservation
• 16. Environmental Issues*
• *This chapter is not a part of the Board Examination 2020-21 syllabus

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CBSE 12th Standard Biology Subject Molecular Basic of Inheritance Case Study Questions With Solution 2021

By QB365 on 21 May, 2021

QB365 Provides the updated CASE Study Questions for Class 12 Biology, and also provide the detail solution for each and every case study questions . Case study questions are latest updated question pattern from NCERT, QB365 will helps to get  more marks in Exams

QB365 - Question Bank Software

12th Standard CBSE

Final Semester - June 2015

Case Study Questions

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below: In prokaryotes, DNA is circular and present in the cytoplasm but in eukaryotes, DNA is linear and mainly confined to the nucleus. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a long polymer of nucleotides. In 1953, the first correct double helical structure of DNA was worked out by Watson and Crick. Based on the X-ray diffraction data produced by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin. It is composed of three components, i.e., A phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base. Different forms of DNA are B-DNA, Z-DNA, A-DNA, C-DNA and D-DNA. (i) Name the linkage present between the nitrogen base and pentose sugar in DNA.

(ii) The double helix structure of DNA was proposed by

(iii) The double chain of B-DNA is coiled in a helical fashion. The spiral twisting of B-DNA duplex produces

(iv) Assertion: The two strands of DNA helix have uniform distance between them. Reason: A large sized purine always paired opposite to a small sized pyrimidine.

 (v) Which of the following describes the structure of B-DNA?

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below: The process of translation requires transfer of genetic information from a polymer of nucleotides to synthesise a polymer of amino acids. The relationship between the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide and nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA is called genetic code. George Gamow suggested that in order to code for all the 20 amino acids, code should be made up of three nucleotides. (i) What is a codon?

(ii) Three consecutive bases in the DNA molecule provide the code for each amino acid in a protein molecule. What is the maximum number of different triplets that could occurs ?

(iii) Listed below are some amino acids and their corresponding mRNA triplets.

Which DNA sequence would be needed to produce the following polypeptide sequence? Alanine- Arginine- Lysine- Phenylalanine

(iv) Identify the non-sense codons among the following.

(v) A polypeptide is made using synthetic mRNA molecules as shown.

What are the DNA codes for the amino acids phenylalanine and lysine?

*****************************************

Cbse 12th standard biology subject molecular basic of inheritance case study questions with solution 2021 answer keys.

(i) Replication of DNA occurs in small replication forks, because DNA is such a long molecule that the separation of the two strands along its entire length requires a very high amount of energy. (ii) a - Continuous synthesis. b - Discontinuous synthesis (iii) A - 5' B-3'.

(a) 'Termination of transcription. (b) A - Template strand of DNA. B - Coding strand of DNA. C - RNA synthesised D - RNA-polymerase E - rho (p) factor.

(a) 11 amino acids will be coded, as the last codon is a termination codon that does not code for any amino acid. (b) Dual functions of AVG: (i) It acts as the initiation codon for translation. ·(ii) It codes for the amino acid, methionine.

(i) (b): In DNA the nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar joins to form nucleoside with the help of bond called glycosidic bond or N-glycosidic linkage. (ii) (a): The correct structure of DNA was first worked out by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. Their double-helix model of DNA structure was based on two major investigations, i.e., Chargaff's rules of base i'airing and study of X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA produced by Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin which helped Watson and Crick to design the 3-dimensional structure of DNA. (iii) (b): Due to spiral twisting, the B-DNA duplex comes to have two types of alternate grooves, i.e., majo: (length 22 Â) and minor (length 12 Â). (iv) (a)  (v) (b): The double helical chains of B-DNA are bound to each other via hydrogen bonds in an antiparallel fashion, i.e., 5'-3' in one and 3'-5' in other. The pitch of helix per turn is 3.4 nm with 10 base pairs in each turn.

(i) (d): Codon is complementary to a triplet of templet strand. It is found in mRNA. Anticodon is complementary to a codon it occurs in tRNA. (ii) (d) : The triplet code consists of three of the four nucleotide bases - A, C, G or T. Thus the maximum number of codon is 4 3 = 64. (iii) (b): The complementary bases of GCA-CGAAAG- UUU are CGT-GCT-TTC-AAA on the DNA strand. (iv) (c): AUG and GUG are initiation codon which codes for methionine and valine respectively: UGG codes for tryptophan. UAA (ochre) is a termination codon. (v) (a): The triplet codon of phenylalanine (UUU) ")Willbase pair with AAA in the DNA molecule and that oflysine (AAA) will base pair with TTT.

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Class 12th Biology Study Material

This study material provides an in-depth look at ncert class 12 biology, offering practical advice and resources to help students score high in their class 12 biology board exam. it is an invaluable resource for anyone looking to gain a better understanding of the fundamentals of biology..

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Chapter 1- Sexual Reproduction In Flowering Plants

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants - Class 10 Notes

Parts of a Flower and their Functions

Pollen Grains

The Structure and Functions of Pistil

Pollination

Double Fertilization: Process & Significance

Post Fertilization

Apomixis and Polyembryony: Differences, Types, Significance

Chapter 2- Human Reproduction

Male Reproductive System - Structure, Organs, Functions

Female Reproductive System - Diagram, Functions, Organs

Gametogenesis - Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis

Menstrual Cycle

Fertilizations And Implantation

Embryo Development - Development Process of Fetus

Parturition And Lactation - Biology Notes Class 12

Chapter 3- Reproductive Health

Notes on NCERT for Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health

Population Stabilization And Birth Control - Class 12

Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIS) of Reproductive Health Class 12

Infertility of Reproductive Health Biology Class 12

Chapter 4- Principles Of Inheritance And Variation

14 articles

Principles of Inheritance and Variation CBSE Notes for Chapter 4

Mendel's Laws of Inheritance | Mendel's Experiments

Inheritance of One Gene Notes

Gregor Mendel and the Principles of Inheritance

Law of Segregation And Law of Dominance

Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

Linkage And Recombination - Principles Of Inheritance And Variation Class 12 NCERT

What is Polygenic Inheritance?

Pleiotropy - An Overview and Related Disorders

Sex Determination

Pedigree Analysis

Mendelian Disorder in Human

Chromosomal Disorders: Principles of Inheritance And Variation Class12

Chapter 5- Molecular Basis Of Inheritance

16 articles

Molecular Basis of Inheritance Notes Class 12

DNA: Structure, Types, and Functions

Packaging of DNA Helix: Histones & Importance

Search For Genetic Material - Molecular Basis Of Inheritance

Difference Between DNA and RNA

RNA - Definition, Structure, Types and Functions

DNA Replication

The Experimental Proof Of DNA Replication

Transcription of DNA

Genetic Code - Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Genetic Code And Mutations

tRNA - the Adapter Molecule

RNA Translation

Human Genome Project

What is DNA Fingerprinting?

Chapter 6- Evolution

Origin of Life

Evolution Of Life Forms – A Theory

What is Adaptive Radiation?

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Evolution Of Humans - History, Stages, Characteristics, FAQs

Chapter 7- Human Health And Diseases

10 articles

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Common Diseases In Humans

Immunity - Definition, Types and Vaccination

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What are HIV and AIDS?

Vaccination And Immunization

What is Cancer? Introduction, Types, Stages, Treatment

Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention Control

Adolescence and Drug Abuse

Addiction And Dependence

Chapter 8- Microbes In Human Welfare

Microbes in Human Welfare Notes

Microbes In Human Welfare

Biofertilizers

Chapter 9- Biotechnology - Principles And Processes

NCERT Notes Biology Class 12 Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

Restriction Enzymes

Competent Host in Recombinant DNA

Recombinant DNA Technology

Chapter 10- Biotechnology And Its Application

CBSE Class 12 Biology Biotechnology And Its Application Revision Notes

Application of Biotechnology

Genetically Engineered Insulin

Biotechnology And Its Application- Gene Therapy

Molecular Diagnosis

Transgenic Animals Notes - Biotechnology And Its Application

Ethical Issues Related to Genetically Modified Organisms

Chapter 11- Organisms And Populations

13 articles

Organism and Population Notes Class 12 Biology Chapter 11

Components of Ecosystem - Biotic and Abiotic

Abiotic Components

Responses To Abiotic Factors - Organisms And Populations

What is Adaptation?

Population Attributes - Overview Notes- Class 12

Population Growth - CBSE Class 12

Population Interactions

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What Is Parasitism? Definition, Types and Examples

Commensalism

Chapter 12- Ecosystem

11 articles

Ecosystem Notes Class 12 Biology Chapter 12

What is Ecosystem? Definition, Structure, Types, and Functions

Productivity in Ecosystem: Definition, Types & Diagram

Decomposition - CBSE Class 12

Energy Flow of Ecosystem

Ecological Pyramid - Definition, Types, Importance, Limitations

Ecological Succession - Definition, Types, Characteristics, Causes

What is Nutrient Cycling?

Carbon Cycle

Phosphorus Cycle - Definition, Steps, Importance and It's Impact

Types of Ecosystem Services - CBSE Class 12- Ecosystem

Chapter 13 - Biodiversity And Its Conservation

Biodiversity and Conservation Notes Class 12 Chapter 13

How Many Species Are There On Earth And How Many In India?

Pattern of Biodiversity

Biodiversity Conservation

NCERT Solution of Class 12 Biology

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants NCERT Solutions

Human Reproduction Class 12 Biology NCERT Solution

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Principles of Inheritance and Variation

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Biology Chapter 5 Molecular Basis of Inheritance

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 6 Evolution

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Human Health and Disease

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 8

NCERT Solutions Class-12 Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 10 Biotechnology and Its Applications

CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 11 Organisms and Populations

CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 13 Biodiversity and Conservation

Class 12 Paper Set

CBSE Class 12 Biology Previous Year Question Paper - 2023

CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper for Biology (2022)

CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Papers

The Class 12 Biology materials are made by expert mentors to help you learn both book stuff and real experiments. You'll get to mix solutions, look at tiny cells under a microscope, and find out how sound bounces off things. It's all about making science fun and easy to get. It will help Students to encourage hands-on learning and a deeper understanding of the concepts.

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Our focus goes beyond memorization, helping students apply concepts and success for the students who want to make their career in the medical field. Here, We provide in-depth chapter-wise explanations, solved NCERT problems, and quizzes to ensure a well-rounded learning experience.

Key Highlights of this Study Material:

• Comprehensive Coverage: We cover the entire NCERT syllabus with in-depth explanations, making sure you understand every concept.
• Expert Guidance: Learn from experienced educators who break down complex topics into easy-to-grasp modules.
• Exam-Oriented Approach: Focus on mastering key concepts and practicing with questions aligned with the CBSE exam format.
• Engaging Learning: Interactive tools, quizzes, and practice tests make learning fun and effective.

Preparation Tips

• Know what to study and how much weightage each topic holds.
• Allocate time effectively for each subject based on difficulty.
• Build a strong foundation with the official CBSE material.
• Utilize reference books, online tutorials, and video lectures.
• Solve previous years' papers to understand the exam format and manage time.
• Go beyond memorization and aim for true comprehension.
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• Believe in yourself and keep a positive attitude throughout the preparation.

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Your content is exemplary, making complex concepts understandable. It's a valuable resource for students preparing for exams. Thank you for your exceptional work!

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Wow! Your Class 12 Biology study material is awesome! It explains everything so clearly, and the diagrams really help me understand complex topics. Thanks a bunch!

Abhishek Haldar

I just wanted to say a big thank you for your Class 12 Biology study material. It's been a lifesaver for me. The way you explain things makes it so much easier to study.

Q. Which chapter is most important in biology class 12?

There's no single most important chapter. Genetics, cell biology, and human health are foundational for many topics. Understanding reproduction is crucial, and biotechnology and ecology have real-world applications. A strong grasp across all chapters is most beneficial.

Q. Which book is best for Class 12 Biology?

NCERT Biology Textbook is the best book for Class 12 exams as it follows the CBSE curriculum and provides a base for preparing for board exams.

Q. Is the class 12 biology paper tough?

Conquering Class 12 Biology? Difficulty varies! The March 2024 CBSE exam was moderate, with a mix of question styles testing your knowledge, analysis, and application of concepts. Mostly NCERT-based, it emphasized understanding over memorization.

Q. Which is the most easy chapter in biology class 12?

Class 12 Biology has beginner-friendly chapters like Reproduction in Organisms and Human Health and Disease. Focus on understanding core concepts for a strong foundation.

Q. Can I fail in 1 subject in class 12 CBSE Board?

Yes, failing one subject in Class 12 CBSE can lead to failing the entire exam. To pass, you need a minimum of 33% in each of your five main subjects. If you fail one, you'll likely need to retake it in a supplementary exam to pass Class 12.

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CBSE Board Exam 2024 Highlights: Class 12 Biology Paper Was Easy, Says Teacher

Cbse board exam 2024: the board commenced conducting board exams for classes 10 and 12 starting february 15. class 12 exams will be held until april 2 while class 10 exams concluded on march 13..

CBSE Board Exam 2024: This year, a total of 39 lakh students from 26 countries are appearing.

CBSE Board Exam 2024 Highlights: The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) conducted the Class 12 examination for Biology paper today. The paper began at 10.30am and concluded at 1.30pm.

This year, a total of 39 lakh students from 26 countries are taking the examinations. In the national capital, the exams are being held at 877 centers, with 5.80 lakh students appearing.

CBSE commenced conducting board exams for Classes 10 and 12 starting February 15. Class 12 exams will be held until April 2 while Class 10 exams concluded on March 13.

Here are the Live updates on CBSE Class 12 Biology paper:

• Arrive at the examination center at least 30 minutes prior to the commencement of the paper.
• Adhere to the school uniform policy and bring along your identity cards and admit cards.
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CBSE Case Study Class 12

While preparing for the board exams, students are being judged on different levels of skills, such as writing, reading, etc. CBSE Case Study Class 12 questions are one of them that helps in assessing critical thinking.

The Central Board of Secondary Education will be asking the case study questions in the Class 12 board examination. Therefore, here on this page, we have provided the CBSE Case Study Class 12 for Maths, Physics, Chemistry, Biology and other subjects. Our subject matter experts have prepared Case Study questions so that Apart from the basic standard questions, students can have a variety of problems to solve. 

Just like MCQs, and other written types questions CBSE Case Study Class 12 questions will impact the overall performance of a student. Therefore for the convenience of the students we have provided the download links here, so that they can easily access the Class 12 Case Study.

Download Subject Wise CBSE Case Study Class 12 Question and Answers PDF 

There are three different streams in class 12th: Science, Arts & Commerce. And all these streams have a variety of subjects therefore, here our subject experts have crafted the Subject Wise Case Study For Class 12. Download Subject Wise CBSE Case Study Class 12 Question and Answers PDF from the below given links.

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 12 for Maths

To learn how to answer CBSE Case Study Class 12 maths questions, it would be a good choice to refer to the separate set of questions in PDF. CBSE Case Study Questions for Class 12 Maths can be quite useful and helpful in understanding how the board will prepare the case based questions for maths. 

The Maths Case studies are distributed into different chapters as per the prescribed syllabus of maths. Each and every chapter contains several number of case studies problems which enable the learners to gain in-depth knowledge in the subject.

The maths case study questions of class 12 are usually based on the formula. If any student wants to get a good score in maths case studies then they have to be well versed with a set of formulas as per the chapters and topics. Case Study Class 12 Maths can be downloaded here on this website for free of cost.

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 1 Relations And Functions

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  3 Matrices

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  4 Determinants

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  5 Continuity And Differentiability

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  6 Application Of Derivatives

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  8 Application Of Integrals

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  9 Differential Equations

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  10 Vector Algebra

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  11 Three Dimensional Geometry

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  12 Linear Programming

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  13 Probability

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 12 for Physics

CBSE Class 12 Physics Case Study for different chapters can be interesting to solve. Class 12th physics case studies generally contain descriptive paragraphs and 4 to 5 different questions are given based on the paragraph. Students are required to read the paragraph thoroughly and understand them as well as observe the given data and information to answer the Class 12 Case Study Questions for Physics. 

In order to solve those questions students are required to have a better understanding of the basic level of physics concepts too, so make sure to use Class 12 Revision Notes of Physics. 

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 3 Current Electricity

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 4 Moving Charges And Magnetism

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 5 Magnetism And Matter

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 6 Electromagnetic Induction

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 7 Alternating Current

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 8 Electromagnetic Waves

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 9 Ray Optics & Optical Instruments

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 10 Wave Optics

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 11 Dual Nature Radiation & Matter

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 12 Atoms

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 13 Nuclei

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics - Materials, Devices & Simple Circuits

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 12 for Chemistry

Students opted for Science stream will have to study CBSE Case Study Class 12 Chemistry. The given PDF of CBSE Class 12 Case Study Questions for Chemistry will enable the students to practice tons of questions on a regular basis. It will help them to revise the chemistry questions and its syllabus frequently. The Case study questions allow students to think more creative and find the answers in the quickest way possible. Links to download the PDF file of Class 12 Chemistry Case Study are given here.

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 1 The Solid State

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  2 Solutions

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  3 Electrochemistry

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  4 Chemical Kinetics

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  5 Surface Chemistry  

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  7 The p-Block Elements

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  8 The d- and f-Block Elements

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  9 Coordination Compounds

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  10 Haloalkanes And Haloarenes

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols And Ethers

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  12 Aldehydes. Ketones & Carboxylic Acids

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter  13 Amines

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 14 Biomolecules

CBSE Case Study Questions Class 12 for Biology

There are lots of chapters in class 12 Biology from which Class 12 Case Study Questions can be framed. Going through such types of questions help the students to assess their understanding level in the topics discussed in NCERT Class 12 Biology Books. By practicing the Class 12 Case Study Questions for Biology students will be very confident to ace the board exam. Also the Biology case study will be very useful for the NEET exam preparation.

Doing a regular practice of Class 12 Biology Case Study questions is a great way to score higher marks in the board exams as it will help students to develop a grip on the concepts. 

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 2 Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 3 Human Reproduction

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 4 Reproductive Health

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 5 Principles of Inheritance & Variation

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 6 Molecular Basic of Inheritance

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 8 Human Health And Diseases

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 10 Microbes in Human Welfare

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 11 Biotechnology - Principles & Processes

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 12 Biotechnology And Its Applications

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 13 Organisms And Populations

Case Study Questions Class 12 Chapter 15 Biodiversity And Conversation

Case study types of questions are generally descriptive that helps to gather more information easily so, it is kinda easy to answer. However, our subject matter experts have given the solutions of all the CBSE Case Study Class 12 Biology questions.

Passage Based Class 12 Case Study Questions in PDF

CBSE Class 12 Case studies are known as Passage Based Questions. These types of problems usually contain a short/long paragraph with 4 to 5 questions. 

Students can easily solve Passage Based Class 12 Case Study Questions by reading those passages. By reading the passage students will get the exact idea of what should be the answers. Because the passage already contains some vital information or data. However a better understanding of the basic concepts that can be learned from the NCERT Class 12 Textbooks will aid in solving the Case based questions or passage based questions.

How to Download CBSE Case Study of Class 12?

Follow the below given simple steps to know how to download CBSE Case Study of Class 12:-

• Open Selfstudys website in your browser
• Go to the navigation menu that look like this
• Now, click on CBSE and then Case Study respectively
• A new page will open, where you have to click on “Class 12”
• Now, you are ready to select the subject for which you want to download the case study questions.

How to Solve Case Study Based Questions of Class 12?

There are very simple methods that a student should keep in mind while solving CBSE Case Study Class 12 for any subject:

• Read each line of paragraph carefully and pay attention to the given data/numbers. Often questions are framed according to the highlighted data of the passage.
• Since case study questions are often framed in Multiple choice questions, students should have the knowledge of elimination methods in MCQs.
• Having a good understanding of the topics that are discussed in CBSE Class 12 Books are ideal to Solve Case Study Based Questions of Class 12.

Features Of Class 12 Case Study Questions And Answers PDF

The three most noticeable features of Class 12 Case Study Questions And Answers Pdf are -

• It Is Free To Use:  Keeping in mind the need of students and to help them in doing Self Study, our team has made all the PDF of CBSE Case Study Class 12 free of cost.
• Answers Are Given:  Not only the PDFs are free provided but answers are given for all the questions of CBSE Case Study Class 12. 
• PDF Can Be Downloaded Or Viewed Online:  Many students don’t like to download the PDFs on their device due to the shortage of storage. Therefore, CBSE Class 12 Case Study questions are made available here in online format, so that students can view them online. However, through the Selfstudys app, a learner can download the PDFs too.

Benefits of Using CBSE Class 12 Case Study Questions and Answers

The CBSE Class 12 Case Study Questions and Answers can help a student in several ways:

• In Exam Preparation:  Those who go through the CBSE Case Study Class 12 will find support during the exam preparation as case based questions are also asked in the CBSE Class 12 Board examination. 
• Help in brushing up the previous learnings:  No matter how brilliant you are, you have to revise the studied topics time and again to keep them refreshed. And in this task, the CBSE Class 12 Case Study Questions and Answers can help a lot.
• To develop the critical thinking:  Able to analyse information and make an objective judgement is a skill that is known as critical thinking. A student of class 12 can use CBSE Case Study Class 12 with answers to develop critical thinking so that they can make better decisions in their life and in the board examination.

• NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths
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