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Morphometric Analysis of River Drainage Basin/Watershed using GIS and RS: A Review

Profile image of Sahil Salvi

2017, International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)

Morphometry is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the earth's surface, shape, and dimension of the land forms. Morphometric analysis requires measurement of linear aspects, aerial aspect and slope of the drainage basin. In all 28 literatures, the researchers analyses the morphometric study for watershed management and prioritization of watershed using morphometric analysis through geoinformatics technology. We focus on matter of fact that is methodology, adopted, raw data used as input and process to study sustainable watershed management. The content of this review paper divided in to three sections namely Introduction, Methodology, and analysis, Conclusion followed by references.

Related Papers

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT)`

IJERT Journal

https://www.ijert.org/morphometric-analysis-of-watershed-using-gis-and-rs-a-review https://www.ijert.org/research/morphometric-analysis-of-watershed-using-gis-and-rs-a-review-IJERTV3IS110546.pdf The role of GIS and RS to prepare assessment, management and planning of the Geology are all over recognizing technology. We like this modern technology use as a concern because the availability of water is most critical thing, may be in particular situations, may be in particular season, if it is excess (flood) it may be issues, if it is less (drought)it may be issues. As concern us need deep sense towards the watershed plan for that we collect fourteen research papers. In all fourteen literatures the researchers analyses the morphometric study for watershed management plan and hydrologic implications. In that we focus on instead of locations, Paper name and author name we focus on matter of fact that is methodology, input raw data and process to enhance the study for sustainable watershed management water security. The content of this review paper divided in to seven sections namely Introduction, Literature Review, Conceptual Framework about generally how idea behind morphometric analysis, Methodology, Result, conclusions followed by references.

morphometric analysis of drainage basin research paper

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

Benukantha Dash

Yashas Kumar H K

Remote Sensing and Geographic information system (GIS) is an important tool used to derive and understand various physical property of a basin area which includes landform measurement (shape and size). In this study, RS & GIS tool is used to derive the linear, areal, relief aspects and landmass erosion that has been taken place in Aghnashini River watershed which is located at 74o18'15.95''-74o55'22.84'' E longitude and 14°15'26.21''-14°37'17.65'' N latitude covering an area of 1400.47 sq.km and elevation ranges from zero meters to 784 meters above MSL. The river originates in Sirsi and flow towards West and reaches Arabian sea at Kumta of Uttara Kannada, Karnataka state. Results of Morphometric analysis show that the drainage network is dendritic pattern, watershed has 6th order stream segment, drainage density value is 1.07km/km2 which shows very coarse texture of the watershed and low stream frequency of 0.77 streams/km2. Aghnashini watershed may said to be in mature stage based on Hypsometric integral value which is found out to be 0.45 from Integrating method and 0.49 from Elevation-Relief ratio method and it is said that about 45% to 49% of landmass may be eroded from the basin. Keywords— Remote Sensing, GIS, Morphometric Analysis, Hypsometric integral value. 7th National Conference on “Futuristic Technology in Civil Engineering for Sustainable Development NCFTCES-19” page 13-17

Applied Water Science

kanak moharir

Prafull Singh

The quantitative analysis of the watershedis vital to understand the hydrological setup of any terrain. The present study deals with quantitative evaluation of Swarnrekha Watershed, Madhya Pradesh, India based on IRS satellite data and SRTM DEM. Morphometric parameters of the watershed were evaluated by computations of linear and areal aspect using standard methodology in GIS environment. ARC GIS software was utilized for morphometric component analysis and delineation of the watershed using SRTM digital elevation model (DEM). The watershed is drained by a fifth-order river and shown a dendritic drainage pattern, which is a sign of the homogeneity in texture and lack of structural control. The drainage density in the area has been found to be low which indicates that the area possesses highly permeable soils and low relief. The bifurcation ratio varies from 3.00 to 5.60 and elongation ratio is 0.518 which reveals that the basin belongs to the elongated shape basin and has the potential for water management. The main objective of the paper is to extract the morphometric parameters of the watershed and their relevance in water resource evaluation management. The results observed from this work would be useful in categorization of watershed for future water management and selection recharge structure in the area.

IJIRST - International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology

The watershed is a topographical and hydrological area on which the precipitation occurs and drains towards the common point and there is a harmony among the land-use, soil and geomorphology. So it is more rational to adopt the watershed as a development unit. The morphometric characteristics are commonly used to develop regional hydrological models particularly for unguaged catchment. Gagadio watershed having 521.55km2 drainge area located in Amreli district of Gujarat. Gagadio river is a major left bank tributary of Shetrunji river. Using ArcHydro tool in ArcGIS software, Gagadio watershed and its fourteen subwatersheds were delineated. The basic morphometric parameters (basin area, basin perimeter, basin length, total number and length of streams of each order) and linear morphometric parameters (bifurcation ratio, drainage density, stream frequency, texture ratio, length of overland flow) were calculated for fourteen subwatersheds. The values of mean bifurcation ratio in all subwatersheds indicates less structural disturbance in drainage pattern of subwatersheds. In all fourteen subwatersheds, observed values of drainage density and stream frequency are moderate. Values of texture ratio reflects very course drainage texture in all subwatersheds. Overland flow length in all subwatersheds are nearly 1 which are low.

Journal of Engineering Research and Application

Snehakumari S . Parmar

Morphometry is a term which includes the measurement and mathematical assessment of earth's surface and the dimension of the landforms. The aim of this study is to use GIS technique and remote sensing data integrally which will show how morphometry parameters are responsible for causing sedimentation by extracting river basin, stream networks and analyzing such parameters through Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM), Digital Elevation Model (DEM). SAGA (System for Automated Geo-Scientific Analysis) GIS software with version 6.3.2 used for preparation of maps and to verify the spatial extent of area. Watershed number-63 of Narmada river is selected for research work which is lying in middle Narmada river basin, situated in two districts, Narmada district of Gujarat and Nan durbar district of Maharashtra. The watershed contains 2 sub-watersheds. Integral results obtained from satellite data and GIS technique shows that study area comes under very high to severe soil erosion class because moderate to steep slope, moderate land use, homogeneity in basin texture, lack or moderate structural control exists. The study concludes that morphometric analysis along with GIS technique proves to be very helpful to identify the geo-hydrological, geomorphological characteristics of basin for planning, sustainable development and management of watershed.

IJLTEM Journal

Geographical information system (GIS) has emerged as an efficient tool in delineation of drainage pattern and ground water potential and its planning. GIS and image processing techniques can be employed for the identification of morphological features and analyzing properties of basin. The morphometric parameters of basin can address linear, areal and relief aspects. The review related to 'Morphometric analysis of drainage basin using remote sensing and GIS techniques' is discussed in the present paper.

Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Biosciences

J HIMANSHU RAO , DEEPAK PATLE , Snehil Dubey

Sub-watershed prioritization has gained due importance in the recent time for management of natural resources at a watershed level especially in the perspective of planning and management of watersheds. Analysis of morphometric parameters (linear, areal, relief and shape aspects) is usually the core investigation outline for prioritization of sub-watersheds. The current study makes an effort to prioritize sub-watersheds of Kiknari nala watershed situated in Mandla district of Madhya Pradesh, India by executing morphometric analysis using the techniques of remote sensing and GIS. Different morphometric parameters such as bifurcation ratio (Rb), drainage density (Dd), stream frequency (Fs), texture ratio (Rt), relief ratio (Rh), form factor (Ff), circulatory ratio (Rc) and elongation ratio (Re) for each sub-watershed was calculated using standard formulas and ranks were allocated so as to achieve values of compound parameter. In the present study, suitable soil and water conservation measures should be adopted primarily for SW – 2 having highest priority rank followed by SW – 1.

IAEME Publication

Doddaballapur district comprises of about 12micro watershed which contains several mini watershed .The study area includes Bashettihalli mini watershed 77°33'0''E to 77°35'0''E latitude and 13°14'30''N to 13°17'30''N longitude. The study involves the morphological analysis, which includes the various methods of exploring the mathematical relationships between various stream attributes. There is a scarcity of waterin the study area hence in order to overcome the problem a detailed analysis of catchment characteristics is being presented in the paper. Hence for the study high resolution IRS LISS III image is used and its processed in Erdas imagine software for planning of watershed development. Different Morphometric analysis provides the explanation of physical characteristics of the watershed which are useful for the areas of land use planning, soil conservation, terrain elevation and soil erosion.

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Integrated hydrological study for flash flood assessment using morphometric analysis and MCDA based on hydrological indices—Al-Sail Al-Kabir, KSA

  • Original Paper
  • Published: 06 March 2024

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  • Wael M. Elsadek   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2648-8441 1 &
  • Abdulrazak H. Almaliki 2  

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Flood susceptibility is associated with a variety of factors. A hydrologic study of Wadi Al-Sail Al-Kabir was conducted based on morphometric analysis and hydrological indices. The current study aimed to apply morphometric analysis and multi-criteria decision analysis based on hydrological indices for flash flood risk assessment. RS and GIS were used to obtain morphological parameters. Thirty-six parameters were evaluated and categorized to basin geometry, drainage texture, drainage network, and relief characteristics. Spatial analysis was applied in a GIS environment for flash flood assessment, where 11 related hydrological indices were selected: the sediment transport index, stream power index, terrain ruggedness index, topographic wetness index, topographic position index, normalized difference vegetation index, distance to road, precipitation, elevation, slope, and drainage density. Each index was weighted based on its relative significance using an analytical hierarchy process. It was found that the area is 255.13 km 2 (large area) and the wadi is related to the 5th order, consisting of 818 streams with a total length of 564.8 km. Finally, the generated map shows that approximately 40.8% of the wadi classified as high- and very high-risk areas, and 39% as moderate-risk areas. Using the generated map as evidence, planners can prepare an appropriate land-use policy to reduce the threat of flooding.

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Acknowledgements

The first author would like to thank the Tokyo Institute of Technology for hosting him as a visiting fellow. The researchers would like to acknowledge the Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, for supporting this work. The authors appreciate anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that helped them to improve the paper.

This research received no external funding.

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W.M.E. was involved in conceptualization; methodology; writing—original draft preparation; and writing—reviewing and editing; and A.H.A. was responsible for supervision. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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figure 7

Dem of the study area

figure 8

Soil classification in Saudi Arabia

figure 9

Flash flood events in the study area

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Elsadek, W.M., Almaliki, A.H. Integrated hydrological study for flash flood assessment using morphometric analysis and MCDA based on hydrological indices—Al-Sail Al-Kabir, KSA. Nat Hazards (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-024-06450-2

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    The morphometric analysis of the drainage basin and channel network plays a significant role in comprehension of the geo-hydrological nature of drainage basin and expresses the prevailing climate, geological setting, geomorphology and structural antecedents of the catchment area. A quantitative evaluation of drainage system is significant ...

  18. PDF Morphometric Analysis of a Drainage Basin using Remote Sensing and

    The stream frequency is the number of streams per unit area of the basin. It mainly depends upon the lithology of the basin and reflects the texture of the drainage network. It is a good indicator of drainage pattern. The stream frequency (Fs) of the whole basin was found 3.63.

  19. Morphometric Analysis of Drainage Basin Using Remote Sensing and GIS

    International Journal of Research in Chemistry and Environment. Vol. 1 Issue 2 Oct. 2011(36-45) Research Paper. ISSN 2248-9649. Morphometric Analysis of Drainage Basin Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of Etmadpur Tehsil, Agra District,U.P. Rao Liaqat A. K., Ansari Ziaur Rehman and, Yusuf Alia*.

  20. PDF Morphometric Analysis of a Drainage Basin Using Geographical ...

    Study area map of basin Fig.2. Drainage map of basin 4.0 Methodology In present study, morphometric analysis and priorization of basin is based on the integrated use of remote sensing and GIS technique. The remotely sensed data is geometrically rectified with respect to Survey of India

  21. Drainage basin morphometry

    Drainage basin morphometry. V. Gardiner, C.C. Park. Published 1 March 1978. Geography. Progress in Physical Geography. The increasing rate of geographical publication has confronted contemporary geographers with a voluminous literature. Familiarity with increasing amounts of relevant material is particularly crucial when geography is struggling ...

  22. Morphometric Analysis of Panzara River Basin Watershed ...

    The morphometric analysis provides accurate information of measurable parameters vital for characterising a river basin (Kumar and Chaudhary 2016; Rai et al. 2017).The river basins include a distinct geomorphologic area and are exactly related to the pattern of streams and geomorphology of the area (Strahler 1957).The drainage pattern of the basin also provides information about topography and ...

  23. PDF Morphometric analysis of drainage basin through GIS

    4.1 Morphometric analysis of basin: Morphometric Analysis of a watershed provides a quantita-tive description of the drainage system which is an im-portant aspect of characterization of watersheds (Strahler, 1964). The various above morphometric parameters such as linear, areal and relief aspect were used for this present studies:

  24. Morphometric Analysis of River Drainage Basin/Watershed using GIS and

    The morphometric parameters of basin can address linear, areal and relief aspects. The review related to 'Morphometric analysis of drainage basin using remote sensing and GIS techniques' is discussed in the present paper. ... 1 RS - P6 (Resource SAT - 1), LISS 1V were used as raw input data in all research papers [1] - [31]. B. Analysis ...

  25. An integrated approach of remote sensing and DC ...

    Based on the geological and morphometric analysis of drainage basins, DC resistivity measurements, including 1D and 2D geoelectrical surveys, are conducted to determine the distribution of ...

  26. Integrated hydrological study for flash flood assessment using

    Morphometric analysis involves evaluating the characteristics of a watershed by measuring various stream properties (Panhalkar et al. 2012). Morphometric analysis was applied based on 36 morphometric parameters which were divided and categorized to basin geometry, drainage texture, drainage network, and relief characteristics, as stated in Table 1.

  27. Remote Sensing and GIS based Morphometric Analysis for Micro-watershed

    Micro-watershed prioritization has gained importance in watershed management. Morphometric analysis of the Takarla-Ballowal watershed in Shivalik foot-hills of Punjab was carried out using remote sensing and GIS techniques. ASTER data was used for preparing Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The total area of the watershed (2401.82 ha) was divided into 9 micro-watersheds (MWS-1 to MWS-9) with ...