how to make a research paper using chatgpt

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ChatGPT for Research and Publication: A Step-by-Step Guide

Som s. biswas.

Department of Pediatric Radiology, Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.

Introduction

This commentary provides a concise step-by-step guide on using ChatGPT, an advanced natural language processing (NLP) model, for research and publication purposes. The guide assesses crucial aspects, including data preprocessing, fine-tuning techniques, prompt engineering, and ethical considerations. By addressing challenges related to biases, interpretability, and plagiarism, this commentary offers insights and recommendations for the responsible and ethical use of ChatGPT. The guide empowers researchers to ethically integrate ChatGPT effectively into their workflows, enhancing productivity and improving the quality of their scientific publications. Through clear instructions and guidelines, researchers can tap into the transformative potential of ChatGPT, driving scientific progress in a language-driven world.

In recent years, the field of NLP has witnessed remarkable advancements, bringing us closer to the realm of humanlike language generation. Among these advancements, ChatGPT, based on the groundbreaking GPT-3.5 architecture developed by OpenAI, stands as an impressive language model capable of generating coherent and contextually relevant text responses. With its ability to understand and respond to user inputs, ChatGPT has opened up new possibilities for various applications, including research and publication. 1 – 3

The traditional process of conducting research and publishing scientific papers has been significantly transformed by the emergence of ChatGPT. Researchers and authors can now leverage the power of this sophisticated language model to streamline and enhance their workflow, leading to improved efficiency and higher-quality publications. However, using ChatGPT effectively in the research and publication domain requires a comprehensive understanding of its capabilities, limitations, and best practices.

In this commentary I offer my thoughts for a step-by-step guide for researchers and authors who seek to harness the potential of ChatGPT in their research endeavors and publication efforts. By exploring various aspects, such as data preprocessing, fine-tuning techniques, prompt engineering, and ethical considerations, this guide will equip researchers with the necessary knowledge to harness the full potential of ChatGPT in their scientific pursuits. Moreover, this commentary will delve into the challenges associated with using ChatGPT for research and publication, including biases, interpretability, and concerns regarding plagiarism. By addressing these challenges directly, I aim to provide researchers with valuable insights and recommendations to navigate these important issues and ensure the responsible and ethical use of ChatGPT as a research tool. 4

The significance of my guide lies in its potential to bridge the gap between the rapid progress of language models like ChatGPT and the research and publication process. By elucidating the intricacies of integrating ChatGPT into scientific workflows, researchers will be empowered to leverage this advanced technology effectively, thereby enhancing the overall quality and impact of their research output. 5 In the following sections, I present a comprehensive overview of the steps involved in using ChatGPT for research and publication.

Step 1: Title and Title Page Creation by ChatGPT

ChatGPT can be a valuable tool in generating titles for research papers. Its ability to understand and generate humanlike text allows it to analyze and synthesize information provided by researchers to craft concise and impactful titles. By leveraging its vast knowledge base and language capabilities, ChatGPT can assist in capturing the essence of a research paper, conveying the main focus and contributions succinctly. Researchers can collaborate with ChatGPT by providing relevant information, such as the subject, objectives, methodology, and key findings of their study. ChatGPT can then generate multiple title options, offering different perspectives and angles that researchers can consider. This collaboration with ChatGPT can save time and stimulate creativity, helping researchers refine their titles to accurately represent their work and engage potential readers. ChatGPT can then be used to create the entire title page and then can also customize based on each journal’s recommendations.

For example:

Thus, we see that ChatGPT can write an entire title page based on just the title and author details. We notice that ChatGPT has created an email address that is incorrect and needs manual rectification. However, the rest of the title page, including keywords and the running title, is appropriate.

Step 2: Abstract/Summary Creation by chatGPT

ChatGPT can assist in condensing complex information into a clear and engaging abstract/summary, helping researchers communicate the significance and novelty of their research to a wider audience. By leveraging the language proficiency of ChatGPT, researchers can save time and effort in crafting abstracts while ensuring that the key aspects of their study are accurately represented.

In this example, we demonstrate that ChatGPT can create an entire abstract just by using the title alone. However, the more information researchers provide (preferably the entire body of the paper should be entered into chatGPT), the more accurate the abstract becomes.

Step 3: Introduction Creation by ChatGPT

By collaborating with ChatGPT, researchers can provide key information, such as the background, significance, and objectives of their study. ChatGPT can then generate a well-structured introduction that sets the context, highlights the relevance of the research, and outlines the paper’s objectives. Also, ChatGPT can be used to generate keywords and generate an abbreviations list from the article by using prompts. However, it is important to note that the generated introduction should be reviewed, customized, and refined by the researchers to align with their specific study and writing style.

In the example below, we note that ChatGPT has not only created an introduction but also the objectives of the study, which can then be edited by the human author.

Step 4: Can ChatGPT Create a Literature Review?

Yes, ChatGPT can help generate a literature review, but it is important to note that it may not have access to the most up-to-date research articles and studies due to copyrights and limited access to some journals. Additionally, a literature review typically requires a comprehensive analysis of multiple sources, so the generated response may not cover all relevant studies. Nonetheless, it can assist in providing a basic literature review on a given topic, which will need human authors to add to and edit it.

As we can see, ChatGPT is not as good at giving a detailed review of the literature as it is at summarizing contents or creating an introduction. Thus, its use is limited, if there is any at all, in this section of the paper.

Step 5: Can ChatGPT Assist in Brainstorming the Methodology of Studies?

ChatGPT can be a helpful tool in conceptualizing the methodology for research papers. By engaging in a conversation with ChatGPT, researchers can discuss their research objectives, study design, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques. ChatGPT’s natural language understanding allows it to provide suggestions and insights based on its knowledge base and understanding of research methodologies. Although ChatGPT can assist in generating ideas and providing guidance, it is important for researchers to critically evaluate and adapt the suggestions to align with their specific research goals and requirements.

Although the methodology is something that is unique to each paper and needs a human researcher to conceptualize it, we see in this example that ChatGPT can assist by giving ideas and examples based on the input of the title by the human researcher. Thus, ChatGPT can be part of brainstorming sessions when conceptualizing a study, although this section needs significant editing by a human, unlike the introduction or summary.

Step 6: Do Not Use ChatGPT for Fabricating Patient Data or Results!

This section of the paper must be authentic, and ChatGPT has a limited role, if any, because patient data have to be original. ChatGPT also currently cannot analyze clinical data compared with statistical software, like SPSS Statistics and Base SAS. However, Microsoft appears to be developing an Excel copilot that uses AI to create graphs and plots, and its use needs to be evaluated once it is released to the public. 6

Step 7: Discussion and Conclusions

This section of the paper can be generated by ChatGPT if all results are pasted as input; however, this section also needs manual editing because inaccuracies are common. By discussing their research with ChatGPT, researchers can also identify potential limitations, discuss the broader implications of their findings, and propose future research directions. Although ChatGPT can generate suggestions and facilitate the thought process, it is important for researchers to critically evaluate the information provided and ensure that the Discussion and Conclusion sections align with the specific research objectives and findings of their study. Ultimately, ChatGPT can serve as a supportive tool in developing a comprehensive and well-rounded discussion and conclusion for research papers.

Step 8: References

As per the author's experience, although ChatGPT is capable of creating references for an article, most of them are incorrect. So, using ChatGPT for creating references is not recommended. However, ChatGPT can convert references into any journaling style if the references are entered into ChatGPT and it is asked to convert them into a specific style.

Disadvantages of Using ChatGPT in Research

Although ChatGPT offers numerous advantages for assisting in the writing of research papers, there are also some important potential disadvantages to consider:

• Lack of domain expertise: ChatGPT is a general-purpose language model trained on a diverse range of Internet text, which means it may lack the specific domain expertise required for certain research topics. It may generate responses that are not accurate or well informed in specialized fields, potentially leading to incorrect or misleading information in research papers.
• Inconsistency and variability: ChatGPT’s responses can be inconsistent and vary depending on the input phrasing or prompt formulation. This can lead to unpredictability in generating reliable and coherent content, requiring additional effort to refine and ensure accuracy in research papers.
• Limited control over output: Although researchers can guide the model’s responses through prompts, ChatGPT’s generation process is still primarily autonomous. Researchers have limited control over the precise content and structure of the generated text, which may require careful editing and review to align with specific research goals, standards, and above all, accuracy.
• Biases and ethical considerations: Language models like ChatGPT can inadvertently reflect biases present in the training data. These biases may perpetuate existing societal or cultural biases in research papers, potentially leading to unfair or discriminatory content. The careful examination and mitigation of biases are crucial to ensure ethical and unbiased research output. 7
• Lack of interpretability: ChatGPT’s decision-making process is complex and not easily interpretable. Researchers may struggle to understand the reasoning behind the model’s generated responses, making it challenging to assess the reliability and credibility of the information provided. Ensuring transparency and interpretability in research papers becomes more challenging with such models. ChatGPT should cite the sources for its data, like Google Bard does.
• Plagiarism concerns: Because of its vast training data from the Internet, ChatGPT may inadvertently generate text that resembles or replicates existing content without proper citation or attribution. Researchers must be cautious about unintentional plagiarism and ensure that generated content is appropriately referenced and original. So, all ChatGPt-generated articles need to be double checked using antiplagiarism software.

In this commentary I have provided a comprehensive step-by-step guide for researchers and authors on harnessing the power of ChatGPT in the realm of research and publication. By exploring crucial aspects, such as data preprocessing, fine-tuning techniques, prompt engineering, and ethical considerations, the guide equips researchers with the necessary knowledge and tools to effectively integrate ChatGPT into their scientific workflows. 8

Through clear instructions, examples, and guidelines, researchers can navigate the complexities of using ChatGPT, leading to enhanced productivity and improved quality in their research output. Moreover, I address the challenges associated with biases, interpretability, and plagiarism concerns, ensuring the responsible and ethical usage of ChatGPT as a research tool.

The significance of this research lies in its ability to bridge the gap between the rapid advancements in language models like ChatGPT and the research and publication process. By empowering researchers with the skills to leverage ChatGPT effectively, this guide fosters innovation, drives scientific progress, and opens up new possibilities for transformative contributions to various fields. 9

As language-driven technologies continue to evolve, researchers must stay abreast of the latest advancements and best practices. The step-by-step guide presented in this commentary serves as a valuable resource, providing researchers with the knowledge and guidance necessary to maximize the potential of ChatGPT in their research endeavors. By embracing the capabilities of ChatGPT and ensuring its responsible and ethical use, researchers can revolutionize the way research and publications are conducted. With ChatGPT as a powerful tool in their arsenal, researchers are poised to make significant strides in their respective fields, pushing the boundaries of scientific knowledge and ushering in a new era of language-driven innovation. 10

However, and to reiterate, I cannot overemphasize that ChatGPT has, at present, many disadvantages, including inconsistencies, bias, and plagiarism concerns, that must be addressed by the human author before the article is submitted for publication to a journal, as well as prior to publication, because the human author(s) is solely responsible for their research integrity and accurate reporting.

In conclusion, I have attempted to provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of how to effectively leverage ChatGPT for research and publication purposes. It has also highlighted the problems and precautions that the human author(s) must take before publishing ChatGPT-generated content. By embracing this step-by-step guide, researchers can unlock the full potential of ChatGPT, driving scientific progress and shaping the future of research and publications.

• Please use ChatGPT only if allowed by your institution, research lab, and the journal in question.
• Please acknowledge ChatGPT within your manuscript/published paper wherever you are using it.
• Please do not fabricate or plagiarize data. ChatGPT can be used only for summarizing texts, improving English writeups, and brainstorming ideas, and not for creating fabricated research raw data.

Acknowledgment.

The author acknowledges that this article was partially generated by ChatGPT (powered by OpenAI’s language model, GPT-3; http://openai.com ). The editing was performed by the human author.

Disclosures. The author declare no conflicts or financial interest in any product or service mentioned in the manuscript, including grants, equipment, medications, employment, gifts, and honoraria.

Home → Academic Writing → How to Use ChatGPT to Write a Research Paper: Tips and Tricks to Get You Started

How to Use ChatGPT to Write a Research Paper: Tips and Tricks to Get You Started

Jordan Kruszynski

• January 4, 2024

If you’re an academic, you’ve probably spent a lot of time planning and writing research papers. It’s a fine art, and one that requires a fair amount of skill, precision and preparation. But whether you’re an old master in the field, or a rookie embarking on your first serious research paper, there are tools that can help you to simplify the planning stages and organise your thoughts more effectively.

One of those tools is the (in)famous ChatGPT , and it’s this that we’ll be focusing on in our article. In the right hands, ChatGPT can become a powerful research tool that will make your paper-writing that little bit easier. So sit back, relax, and discover our tips and tricks for using ChatGPT to write a research paper.

What is ChatGPT?

Just in case you don’t already know, ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence tool developed by OpenAI that can help you with your research. It uses natural language processing to understand what you’re looking for and provide you with relevant information. You can ask it questions, and it will provide you with answers in a conversational style, as well as offer sources to back up its information.

One of the biggest advantages of ChatGPT is that it can save you time. Instead of spending hours searching for sources, you can simply ask ChatGPT for help. This can bring you a reliable list of sources for further investigation fairly quickly. It’s crucial to note however that the AI shouldn’t be exploited to do the actual writing of the paper for you. This could see you accused of plagiarism or misconduct, and besides, as a researcher, you’re probably rightfully proud of your ability to write a compelling paper.

Another advantage of ChatGPT is that it’s always available (even when libraries or other sources of information might be inaccessible) so you can work on your research paper at any time of day or night.

Interested in learning more about how AI programs like ChatGPT are changing the academic landscape? Listen to Oxford researcher Samantha-Kaye Johnston’s views from the frontline in this exciting episode of The Research Beat podcast.

The benefits of using ChatGPT to write a research paper

There are many benefits to using ChatGPT for research papers. Firstly, as we mentioned earlier, it can save you time . A slow drag of several hours looking for specific sources can be reduced to just a few minutes with the AI’s help.

Secondly, it can help you find sources that you might not have found otherwise . ChatGPT has access to a wide range of sources, including academic journals and books.

Thirdly, it can help you organise your research . ChatGPT can provide you with a summary of the information you’ve gathered, making it easier to analyse and integrate into your research paper.

How to use ChatGPT to write a research paper – a step by step guide

• Start by creating a list of questions that you want to answer in your research paper.
• Open ChatGPT and ask it one of the questions on your list, for example, ‘What is the critical history of feminist literature in Europe?’
• ChatGPT will provide you with a list of sources to check out.
• Read through the sources and take notes on the information that is relevant to your research question.
• Repeat steps 2-4 for each question on your list.
• Once you’ve gathered all of your information, organise it into an outline for your research paper.
• Use the information you’ve gathered to write your research paper.

Working with your sources

Once you have your sources in order, you might want to use prompts to get help from ChatGPT with other parts of the writing process. A prompt is a specific instruction to the AI that can give you tailored information or responses. For example, if you’re struggling to understand part of another research paper, you could use the following prompt:

‘Please explain the following paragraphs in simple words. I am having trouble understanding (insert concept here).’

Input the prompt along with the relevant passage from the source, and ChatGPT will provide a summary that could help you to unlock your understanding of the tricky concept.

Looking for ChatGPT prompts tailor-made for academics? Check out Audemic’s list of over 50 prompts to help you with your work and research!

Writing tips and tricks for using ChatGPT

When using ChatGPT to write a research paper, it’s important to keep a few things in mind. Firstly, make sure that you’re using reliable sources . ChatGPT can provide you with a list of sources, but it’s up to you to determine which ones are reliable.

Secondly, make sure that you’re paraphrasing the information you’ve gathered in your own words . You don’t want to cheat or be accused of it.

Finally, make sure that you’re using the information you’ve gathered to answer your research questions . Everything you uncover through ChatGPT should be used to feed your own understanding and improve the quality and precision of your answers.

Common mistakes to avoid when using ChatGPT to write a research paper

While ChatGPT is an excellent tool for research papers, there are some common mistakes to avoid:

• Crucially, don’t rely too heavily on ChatGPT. It’s essential to do some of your research on your own and use ChatGPT to supplement it.
• Don’t forget to cite your sources correctly. Just because ChatGPT provided you with the information doesn’t mean that you don’t need to cite it. Moreover, ChatGPT cannot actually produce academic citations for you.
• Always remember to proofread your research paper carefully, especially if you’ve used AI elements to construct it.

ChatGPT vs. traditional research methods

While traditional research methods have their advantages and always will, ChatGPT, as we’ve seen, has some of its own. We think one of the best uses for AI programs like ChatGPT is to accelerate parts of the paper-writing process that would otherwise take hours. If you can use the AI to produce a list of interesting and relevant sources, then you can get to work quickly as an academic, studying and analysing those sources to determine their value within your paper. In general, if you approach ChatGPT with an attitude of maintaining quality and integrity, then it can only enhance your work.

Final Thoughts

ChatGPT is everywhere at the moment, and while it has stirred up a great deal of controversy thanks to its implications for academic integrity, it can be an excellent tool for helping to write research papers . The key is using it correctly, and not relying too heavily on it. Focusing on how it can enhance your already-sharp academic writing skills will allow you to save time, find plenty of valuable sources, and organise your paper’s structure more effectively. And that’s how to use ChatGPT to write a research paper!

ChatGPT is not the only AI tool that can help with these parts of the paper-writing puzzle. If you want to listen to academic papers, break them down into digestible pieces and freely take notes on them, then Audemic is waiting for you. Try it for free today!

Keep striving, researchers! ✨

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Step 1: title and title page creation by chatgpt, step 2: abstract/summary creation by chatgpt, step 3: introduction creation by chatgpt, step 4: can chatgpt create a literature review, step 5: can chatgpt assist in brainstorming the methodology of studies, step 6: do not use chatgpt for fabricating patient data or results, step 7: discussion and conclusions, step 8: references, disadvantages of using chatgpt in research, acknowledgment., chatgpt for research and publication: a step-by-step guide.

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Som S. Biswas; ChatGPT for Research and Publication: A Step-by-Step Guide. The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 1 October 2023; 28 (6): 576–584. doi: https://doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.6.576

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This commentary provides a concise step-by-step guide on using ChatGPT, an advanced natural language processing (NLP) model, for research and publication purposes. The guide assesses crucial aspects, including data preprocessing, fine-tuning techniques, prompt engineering, and ethical considerations. By addressing challenges related to biases, interpretability, and plagiarism, this commentary offers insights and recommendations for the responsible and ethical use of ChatGPT. The guide empowers researchers to ethically integrate ChatGPT effectively into their workflows, enhancing productivity and improving the quality of their scientific publications. Through clear instructions and guidelines, researchers can tap into the transformative potential of ChatGPT, driving scientific progress in a language-driven world.

In recent years, the field of NLP has witnessed remarkable advancements, bringing us closer to the realm of humanlike language generation. Among these advancements, ChatGPT, based on the groundbreaking GPT-3.5 architecture developed by OpenAI, stands as an impressive language model capable of generating coherent and contextually relevant text responses. With its ability to understand and respond to user inputs, ChatGPT has opened up new possibilities for various applications, including research and publication. 1 – 3  

The traditional process of conducting research and publishing scientific papers has been significantly transformed by the emergence of ChatGPT. Researchers and authors can now leverage the power of this sophisticated language model to streamline and enhance their workflow, leading to improved efficiency and higher-quality publications. However, using ChatGPT effectively in the research and publication domain requires a comprehensive understanding of its capabilities, limitations, and best practices.

In this commentary I offer my thoughts for a step-by-step guide for researchers and authors who seek to harness the potential of ChatGPT in their research endeavors and publication efforts. By exploring various aspects, such as data preprocessing, fine-tuning techniques, prompt engineering, and ethical considerations, this guide will equip researchers with the necessary knowledge to harness the full potential of ChatGPT in their scientific pursuits. Moreover, this commentary will delve into the challenges associated with using ChatGPT for research and publication, including biases, interpretability, and concerns regarding plagiarism. By addressing these challenges directly, I aim to provide researchers with valuable insights and recommendations to navigate these important issues and ensure the responsible and ethical use of ChatGPT as a research tool. 4  

The significance of my guide lies in its potential to bridge the gap between the rapid progress of language models like ChatGPT and the research and publication process. By elucidating the intricacies of integrating ChatGPT into scientific workflows, researchers will be empowered to leverage this advanced technology effectively, thereby enhancing the overall quality and impact of their research output. 5   In the following sections, I present a comprehensive overview of the steps involved in using ChatGPT for research and publication.

ChatGPT can be a valuable tool in generating titles for research papers. Its ability to understand and generate humanlike text allows it to analyze and synthesize information provided by researchers to craft concise and impactful titles. By leveraging its vast knowledge base and language capabilities, ChatGPT can assist in capturing the essence of a research paper, conveying the main focus and contributions succinctly. Researchers can collaborate with ChatGPT by providing relevant information, such as the subject, objectives, methodology, and key findings of their study. ChatGPT can then generate multiple title options, offering different perspectives and angles that researchers can consider. This collaboration with ChatGPT can save time and stimulate creativity, helping researchers refine their titles to accurately represent their work and engage potential readers. ChatGPT can then be used to create the entire title page and then can also customize based on each journal’s recommendations.

For example:

Thus, we see that ChatGPT can write an entire title page based on just the title and author details. We notice that ChatGPT has created an email address that is incorrect and needs manual rectification. However, the rest of the title page, including keywords and the running title, is appropriate.

ChatGPT can assist in condensing complex information into a clear and engaging abstract/summary, helping researchers communicate the significance and novelty of their research to a wider audience. By leveraging the language proficiency of ChatGPT, researchers can save time and effort in crafting abstracts while ensuring that the key aspects of their study are accurately represented.

In this example, we demonstrate that ChatGPT can create an entire abstract just by using the title alone. However, the more information researchers provide (preferably the entire body of the paper should be entered into chatGPT), the more accurate the abstract becomes.

By collaborating with ChatGPT, researchers can provide key information, such as the background, significance, and objectives of their study. ChatGPT can then generate a well-structured introduction that sets the context, highlights the relevance of the research, and outlines the paper’s objectives. Also, ChatGPT can be used to generate keywords and generate an abbreviations list from the article by using prompts. However, it is important to note that the generated introduction should be reviewed, customized, and refined by the researchers to align with their specific study and writing style.

In the example below, we note that ChatGPT has not only created an introduction but also the objectives of the study, which can then be edited by the human author.

Yes, ChatGPT can help generate a literature review, but it is important to note that it may not have access to the most up-to-date research articles and studies due to copyrights and limited access to some journals. Additionally, a literature review typically requires a comprehensive analysis of multiple sources, so the generated response may not cover all relevant studies. Nonetheless, it can assist in providing a basic literature review on a given topic, which will need human authors to add to and edit it.

As we can see, ChatGPT is not as good at giving a detailed review of the literature as it is at summarizing contents or creating an introduction. Thus, its use is limited, if there is any at all, in this section of the paper.

ChatGPT can be a helpful tool in conceptualizing the methodology for research papers. By engaging in a conversation with ChatGPT, researchers can discuss their research objectives, study design, data collection methods, and data analysis techniques. ChatGPT’s natural language understanding allows it to provide suggestions and insights based on its knowledge base and understanding of research methodologies. Although ChatGPT can assist in generating ideas and providing guidance, it is important for researchers to critically evaluate and adapt the suggestions to align with their specific research goals and requirements.

Although the methodology is something that is unique to each paper and needs a human researcher to conceptualize it, we see in this example that ChatGPT can assist by giving ideas and examples based on the input of the title by the human researcher. Thus, ChatGPT can be part of brainstorming sessions when conceptualizing a study, although this section needs significant editing by a human, unlike the introduction or summary.

This section of the paper must be authentic, and ChatGPT has a limited role, if any, because patient data have to be original. ChatGPT also currently cannot analyze clinical data compared with statistical software, like SPSS Statistics and Base SAS. However, Microsoft appears to be developing an Excel copilot that uses AI to create graphs and plots, and its use needs to be evaluated once it is released to the public. 6  

This section of the paper can be generated by ChatGPT if all results are pasted as input; however, this section also needs manual editing because inaccuracies are common. By discussing their research with ChatGPT, researchers can also identify potential limitations, discuss the broader implications of their findings, and propose future research directions. Although ChatGPT can generate suggestions and facilitate the thought process, it is important for researchers to critically evaluate the information provided and ensure that the Discussion and Conclusion sections align with the specific research objectives and findings of their study. Ultimately, ChatGPT can serve as a supportive tool in developing a comprehensive and well-rounded discussion and conclusion for research papers.

As per the author's experience, although ChatGPT is capable of creating references for an article, most of them are incorrect. So, using ChatGPT for creating references is not recommended. However, ChatGPT can convert references into any journaling style if the references are entered into ChatGPT and it is asked to convert them into a specific style.

Lack of domain expertise: ChatGPT is a general-purpose language model trained on a diverse range of Internet text, which means it may lack the specific domain expertise required for certain research topics. It may generate responses that are not accurate or well informed in specialized fields, potentially leading to incorrect or misleading information in research papers.

Inconsistency and variability: ChatGPT’s responses can be inconsistent and vary depending on the input phrasing or prompt formulation. This can lead to unpredictability in generating reliable and coherent content, requiring additional effort to refine and ensure accuracy in research papers.

Limited control over output: Although researchers can guide the model’s responses through prompts, ChatGPT’s generation process is still primarily autonomous. Researchers have limited control over the precise content and structure of the generated text, which may require careful editing and review to align with specific research goals, standards, and above all, accuracy.

Biases and ethical considerations: Language models like ChatGPT can inadvertently reflect biases present in the training data. These biases may perpetuate existing societal or cultural biases in research papers, potentially leading to unfair or discriminatory content. The careful examination and mitigation of biases are crucial to ensure ethical and unbiased research output. 7  

Lack of interpretability: ChatGPT’s decision-making process is complex and not easily interpretable. Researchers may struggle to understand the reasoning behind the model’s generated responses, making it challenging to assess the reliability and credibility of the information provided. Ensuring transparency and interpretability in research papers becomes more challenging with such models. ChatGPT should cite the sources for its data, like Google Bard does.

Plagiarism concerns: Because of its vast training data from the Internet, ChatGPT may inadvertently generate text that resembles or replicates existing content without proper citation or attribution. Researchers must be cautious about unintentional plagiarism and ensure that generated content is appropriately referenced and original. So, all ChatGPt-generated articles need to be double checked using antiplagiarism software.

In this commentary I have provided a comprehensive step-by-step guide for researchers and authors on harnessing the power of ChatGPT in the realm of research and publication. By exploring crucial aspects, such as data preprocessing, fine-tuning techniques, prompt engineering, and ethical considerations, the guide equips researchers with the necessary knowledge and tools to effectively integrate ChatGPT into their scientific workflows. 8  

Through clear instructions, examples, and guidelines, researchers can navigate the complexities of using ChatGPT, leading to enhanced productivity and improved quality in their research output. Moreover, I address the challenges associated with biases, interpretability, and plagiarism concerns, ensuring the responsible and ethical usage of ChatGPT as a research tool.

The significance of this research lies in its ability to bridge the gap between the rapid advancements in language models like ChatGPT and the research and publication process. By empowering researchers with the skills to leverage ChatGPT effectively, this guide fosters innovation, drives scientific progress, and opens up new possibilities for transformative contributions to various fields. 9  

As language-driven technologies continue to evolve, researchers must stay abreast of the latest advancements and best practices. The step-by-step guide presented in this commentary serves as a valuable resource, providing researchers with the knowledge and guidance necessary to maximize the potential of ChatGPT in their research endeavors. By embracing the capabilities of ChatGPT and ensuring its responsible and ethical use, researchers can revolutionize the way research and publications are conducted. With ChatGPT as a powerful tool in their arsenal, researchers are poised to make significant strides in their respective fields, pushing the boundaries of scientific knowledge and ushering in a new era of language-driven innovation. 10  

However, and to reiterate, I cannot overemphasize that ChatGPT has, at present, many disadvantages, including inconsistencies, bias, and plagiarism concerns, that must be addressed by the human author before the article is submitted for publication to a journal, as well as prior to publication, because the human author(s) is solely responsible for their research integrity and accurate reporting.

In conclusion, I have attempted to provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of how to effectively leverage ChatGPT for research and publication purposes. It has also highlighted the problems and precautions that the human author(s) must take before publishing ChatGPT-generated content. By embracing this step-by-step guide, researchers can unlock the full potential of ChatGPT, driving scientific progress and shaping the future of research and publications.

Please use ChatGPT only if allowed by your institution, research lab, and the journal in question.

Please acknowledge ChatGPT within your manuscript/published paper wherever you are using it.

Please do not fabricate or plagiarize data. ChatGPT can be used only for summarizing texts, improving English writeups, and brainstorming ideas, and not for creating fabricated research raw data.

The author acknowledges that this article was partially generated by ChatGPT (powered by OpenAI’s language model, GPT-3; http://openai.com ). The editing was performed by the human author.

Disclosure. The author declare no conflicts or financial interest in any product or service mentioned in the manuscript, including grants, equipment, medications, employment, gifts, and honoraria.

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11 Ways To Use ChatGPT To Write A Research Paper

All these tasks that would have taken you hours, maybe even days, and sometimes longer, can now take just a few minutes or even shorter when you use ChatGPT.

Today I want to talk about the top things that ChatGPT can help you with when it comes to research papers so that you can write your paper much faster.

Before we dive into the specific tips and show you how to use ChatGPT when writing research papers, let me preface by saying that it is just a tool and is limited in many ways. It’s not good enough yet to replace you and replace the researcher in writing the research paper.

You’ve got to understand that you can’t just tell ChatGPT to write a couple of paragraphs for you and then use it as ChatGPT writes it and then submit it. It’s just not going to work like that. Plus, it would kind of be plagiarism although AI isn’t human.

So what you’ve got to do is remember about the limitations of the technology:

• One main limitation is that it was trained on data up to January 2022, which means that more recent papers and more recent data are not going to be there.
• Another crucial limitation is that it doesn’t pull the references for most things. So when you’re writing the literature review, ChatGPT can write paragraphs for you real quick, but there are no references for them, and you can’t really pull the references for it.
• And remember: what ChatGPT writes isn’t necessarily perfect or good enough to be published in a top journal. You will most likely have to take ChatGPT text, improve upon it, revise it before you finally submit it.

So, let’s dive in and let’s see exactly how you can accelerate your progress with your research papers using ChatGPT.

1. How to Write Research Paper Title with ChatGPT

The first thing that we’re gonna do is get ChatGPT to give us some good research paper titles using ChatGPT.

I’m going to copy and paste the abstract that I’ve already got, and then I’m going to tell ChatGPT to suggest a title for a research paper based on this abstract .

Here is the title of the research paper that ChatGPT generated: “ Unmasking the Academic Impersonator: A Multifaceted Investigation into Detecting LLM-Generated Writing ”.

I think ChatGPT’s title is very good.

Now let’s see if ChatGPT can maybe give us some alternative so that we can choose.

ChatGPT message : Can you suggest two additional titles for the research paper based on that same abstract?

Title 2: “ Guardians of Academic Integrity: Unveiling LLM-Generated Content through Dataset, User Study, and Detection Algorithms “.

Title 3: “ Deciphering the Enigma: Insights into Detecting LLM-Generated Academic Writing via Dataset, User Perception, and Advanced Algorithms “.

ChatGPT message : Can you suggest two more titles which will be phrased as questions based on that same abstract?

Title 4: “ Can Humans Spot the Imposter? Exploring the Challenge of Detecting LLM-Generated Academic Writing “.

Title 5: “ Is AI Outsmarting Academia? Investigating the Detection of LLM-Generated Content in Research Papers “.

So ChatGPT can clearly give you titles. The way to do it is just to paste the abstract and ask ChatGPT to give you titles. An alternative, if you’ve got the whole introduction written, you can also give ChatGPT the introduction, and it will give you good titles as well.

2. How to Use ChatGPT to Write an Abstract

Now let’s see if ChatGPT can do the reverse.

Can ChatGPT write an abstract based on the title of your paper?

ChatGPT message : Write an abstract for a research paper based on this title.

The result is really good. It follows the exact structure of an abstract.

3. How to Write Research Outline with ChatGPT

Now, you can ask ChatGPT to write an outline that includes as many details of your task as possible. For example, I used the title suggested by ChatGPT in the first step.

ChatGPT prompt : Write an outline for a research paper that is [NUMBER] pages long and needs to use [NUMBER] primary sources on this topic: [TITLE]

ChatGPT generated a 33-point outline that details the areas I should cover in my research paper.

4. How to Write an Introduction Using ChatGPT

Let’s ask ChatGPT to write an introduction to a research paper and see what comes out of it.

ChatGPT prompt : Write a [NUMBER] paragraph introduction to a research paper entitled: [TITLE]

ChatGPT wrote a 4 paragraph introduction and it looks very good again.

5. How to Write a Thesis Statement Using ChatGPT

Writing a strong thesis statement is essential for any research paper, as it serves as the backbone of your argument or analysis. With ChatGPT you can simplify the writing process.

ChatGPT message : Write a thesis statement for a research paper based on this title.

ChatGPT generates a thesis statement based on the information provided. Review the response carefully, considering its clarity, relevance, and alignment with your research goals. If necessary, refine the statement by providing additional guidance or asking follow-up questions.

6. Find The Research Gap Using ChatGPT

Now we can get ChatGPT to do is to work on a research gap. This is what many PhD students and researchers do.

Let’s see if ChatGPT can suggest us any good research gaps.

ChatGPT message : Suggest a research gap on the topic of detecting ChatGPT-generated academic writing.

This is really well presented.

7. Writing a Research Question Using ChatGPT

If you have a research gap, you can just give ChatGPT the research gap, and from that, you can get research questions.

ChatGPT message : Suggest two different research questions based on the following research gap.

Both of these research questions are fantastic. And both of them should be investigated.

8. Making a Research Question More Specific with ChatGPT

A big problem that a lot of people have with research questions or aims is that they are too vague or too general.

What ChatGPT suggests here is pretty good already, but let’s see if it’s capable of making a research question more specific.

ChatGPT message : Make the following research question more specific and precise.

Question #1

Question #2

Right, this is pretty good. This is definitely more specific.

I think ChatGPT can help you to specify your research questions.

If you’re struggling with your aim or research question is too vague, then you can use ChatGPT to make it more specific.

9. How To Use ChatGPT To Write A Literature Review

You’re just kind of starting out with a topic, and you want to see what are some of the key publications that you should read on that topic just to get yourself started.

Let’s see how ChatGPT can help us accelerate the literature review process.

ChatGPT prompt : I am investigating [TOPIC]. What are the key research papers on this topic I should read?

I have to say that I’m not very impressed. I think the result was affected by the limitations of the data on which the algorithm was trained until 2022.

Nevertheless, you can definitely use ChatGPT to get you the literature that you should start reading.

10. Writing a Methodology For a Research Paper Using ChatGPT

After reviewing the literature, I ask ChatGPT to suggest the methodology section for the topic. This section will include research approaches and sampling techniques for data collection.

ChatGPT message : Write a research methodology for a research paper based on this title.

As you can see, ChatGPT can help generate the overall structure of the research methodology.

11. How to use ChatGPT to summarize a research paper

The last thing which I feel ChatGPT could be very useful in research is asking for summarization.

We can ask ChatGPT to summarize a particular paper or the key takeaways that could be important for us from that paper.

In that way, you can just note it down in a proper way with proper citations, which you could use as a literature review in your research writing or academic writing.

ChatGPT prompt: Can you provide a summary of [PAPER NAME]

Can ChatGPT write research papers?

To answer this question, I turned to ChatGPT, here is its answer:

“I can indeed assist in generating content for research papers, including providing structured information, drafting paragraphs, and even offering suggestions for methodology and analysis.However, it’s crucial to note that while I can generate text based on the input and parameters provided, I lack true understanding, creativity, or original thought. Therefore, while I can help with the mechanical aspects of writing a research paper, the conceptualization, critical analysis, and interpretation of research findings are best left to human researchers who possess domain expertise and critical thinking skills. Ultimately, the quality and validity of a research paper rely on the expertise and integrity of its human authors.”

Using the power of ChatGPT can be transformative for those grappling with the daunting task of writing research papers.

ChatGPT won’t write your research paper for you from scratch, but it can make the writing process much easier.

It gives you some content to work with. And then you can rewrite it in your own words.

You’ve got a starting point now.

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How to Use ChatGPT for Research and Essays

Want to use ChatGPT to help out with research and essays? To avoid inaccurate information, there are certain ways you can use it to your advantage.

For better or worse, OpenAI’s ChatGPT has become a big part of our lives. It’s become integral to gathering information, researching topics, and creating written works. And frankly, not using it might put you at a disadvantage academically.

However, this AI is not flawless; there is a method to use it to help with your essays and research. Using it the right way will help you avoid plagiarism issues or inaccurate information. Here, we’ll show you how to use ChatGPT to write an essay ethically, so it comes out as a quality, factual, and original piece.

1. Draw Your Outline Without ChatGPT

Assuming you already have an idea for your project, the first thing you should do before you hop on ChatGPT’s website is to prepare your thesis and outline without using AI. It’s a vital step to making sure the core of your essay actually comes from you.

If you use ChatGPT to prompt an outline for you, it could promote idea laziness, and you will find ChatGPT’s suggestions may have replaced the ones you could have produced on your own. So, get a piece of paper or a blank word processor page and create an outline for your essay.

Also, ChatGPT will avoid controversial topics—even in an outline. Therefore, you might find yourself with an outline missing vital pieces of historical sections if you rely on it. This bias is one of the major problems with OpenAI’s ChatGPT .

2. Prompt ChatGPT to Draw a Parallel Outline

Before you begin this section, if this is your first time using ChatGPT, you should read our guide on how to use ChatGPT . It will help you with creating an account and defining its capabilities. Once that’s out of the way, you can move on to the next step.

Now that you have an original outline, it doesn’t matter how basic it looks; you can use ChatGPT to create another outline. Craft a prompt with this template:

ChatGPT’s result is far more detailed than our outline. Here, you should adopt the parts of ChatGPT’s outline you would like to integrate into your own. Combine the best of the two and flesh out an outline that will guide you best as you write.

3. Create a ChatGPT Prompt for Each Section

Now that you have an outline with sections, you can begin to hack away at it section by section. Start with your introduction, where you will include your thesis statement. Ask ChatGPT to create multiple thesis statements on your idea, and choose the one that best encapsulates the major point you’re trying to communicate in your essay.

You can do something similar for all the other sections as well. Tell the AI to generate written pieces on your section topics. Don’t forget to add that it communicates the point in the tone you want. In most cases, essays should sound academic. Therefore, our prompt for each section looked like this:

Do not just copy and paste the information it generates; the next step is a vital second part of this methodology.

4. Confirm the Information With a Reputable Source

As you begin to write, you must check if the information you’re getting from ChatGPT is indeed correct. You must do this because ChatGPT occasionally hallucinates , coming up with its own facts and making up sources when you ask it to direct you to where it got its information. In some cases, it blatantly refuses to tell you at all where it got its data.

The free version of ChatGPT is not actively connected to the internet and cannot fetch information after September 2021. If you need this functionality, then it could be time to upgrade to ChatGPT Plus —especially if this is a tool you will be using heavily for work or school.

The bottom line is that you should use a reputable source (such as a book from an authority or an official website) to support every important statement you put down. You can also learn how to use Google to fact-check information .

5. Use ChatGPT for Examples and Breakdowns

It’s counterproductive to write about ideas that you don’t even understand yourself. When you reach a part of your essay that you don’t properly understand, you should go to ChatGPT and have it broken down for you.

That’s really the one thing you can count on ChatGPT to do in this process. It has good skill in crafting useful examples and explaining complicated ideas in a form you can easily understand. A popular way of phrasing a prompt to make ChatGPT explain something complicated is adding “explain like I’m five” to your prompt.

Here we used ChatGPT to break down hip and elbow dysplasia conditions in a way that is easier to understand. And it used analogies like jigsaw puzzles to paint a clearer image of what it might look like.

6. Write the Essay Yourself

As we’ve stated earlier, under no condition should you ask ChatGPT to write your whole essay for you. Not only is that lazy and deceitful, but it could also open you up to plagiarism and submitting incorrect information.

Ensure that every line in your essay is typed with your hands. Besides, if you’re writing an academic essay where you must cite sources, you will still need to corroborate all the points you’ve made with a corresponding authority. That means you’ll have to go and fact-check everything ChatGPT has written and find a corroborating source.

This could even take more time than just writing it yourself because the AI could have hallucinated some of its facts, leading you on a wild goose chase as you try to find a citation for something that doesn’t exist.

Lastly, ChatGPT doesn’t match the nuanced knowledge of a human professional in heavily specialized fields or journals that need up-to-date information. Reading a book or article by an expert, internalizing it, and writing it in your own words will give you far better results than relying on ChatGPT.

7. Polish the Style and Citation With ChatGPT

After writing, you can paste portions of your essay and ask ChatGPT to shorten, lengthen, or optimize the style. ChatGPT is good at mimicking popular styles, and you can use that to your advantage. If you want your writing to sound a little more professional, it can help rephrase it.

If you’re having trouble with citation styles and how to integrate them into your essay, you can present your essay to ChatGPT, give it your sources, and ask it to weld them together for you.

ChatGPT Is a Tool, Not a Solution

You can’t “ChatGPT” away academic or professional work; you must use it the same way you would use a tool. Take a calculator, for instance; it doesn’t replace the mathematician but improves the mathematician. You should use ChatGPT the same way a mathematician will use a calculator: for the boring, repetitive, rote work.

Let the ideas and story come from you and your experiences. And if you want to keep using ChatGPT as a student, make sure you know what you shouldn't do.

How To Use ChatGPT To Write A Literature Review: Prompts & References

In the rapidly evolving world of academic research, the integration of AI tools like ChatGPT has transformed the traditional approach to literature reviews. As a researcher, you should also leverage on this tool to make your research work easier.

In this post, explore how ChatGPT can enhance the literature review process. We’ll explore how specific prompts can effectively guide this advanced AI model to generate insightful content, while ensuring accuracy, relevance, and academic integrity in their scholarly work.

How to Use ChatGPT for Writing a Literature Review

Understanding chatgpt’s limitations.

While it can efficiently generate content, streamline the research process, and provide a comprehensive understanding of relevant literature, its capabilities are not without constraints. Here are some for you to consider:

Dependence On Pre-Existing Datasets

Since ChatGPT is a language model trained on available data, it may not include the most recent research papers or cutting-edge findings in a specific field. This gap can lead to a lack of current state-of-research insights, particularly crucial in fields like technology and science where advancements happen rapidly.

May Lack Depth And Context

ChatGPT, while able to produce summaries and synthesize information, might not fully grasp the nuanced arguments or complex theories specific to a research topic. This limitation necessitates that researchers critically evaluate and supplement AI-generated text with thorough analysis and insights from recent systematic reviews and primary sources.

Risk Of Plagiarism

Although ChatGPT can generate human-like text, it’s vital to ensure that the content for your literature review is original and properly cited. Relying solely on ChatGPT to write a literature review defeats the purpose of engaging deeply with the material and developing a personal understanding of the literature.

Not A Total Replacement of A Researcher

While ChatGPT can assist non-native English speakers in crafting clear and concise academic writing, it’s not a replacement for the human ability to contextualize and interpret research findings. Researchers must guide the AI model with specific prompts and leverage it as a tool rather than a substitute for comprehensive analysis.

By keeping these limitations in mind, ChatGPT can be a valuable aid in the literature review process, but it should be used judiciously and in conjunction with traditional research methods.

Defining Research Objective

When starting on writing a literature review, the initial step involves using ChatGPT to define your research question or hypothesis.

The AI model’s ability to respond with a summary of the current state of research in your field can provide a comprehensive understanding, especially for systematic reviews or research papers.

For example, by inputting a prompt related to your research topic, ChatGPT can generate human-like text, summarizing prior research and highlighting relevant literature.

One insider tip for effectively using ChatGPT in the literature review process is to leverage its natural language processing capabilities to identify relevant keywords.

These keywords are crucial for non-native English speakers or those new to a research field, as they streamline the search for pertinent academic writing. Additionally, ChatGPT can guide you in understanding the context of your research topic, offering insights that are often challenging to find.

Using AI language models like ChatGPT for generating content for your literature review is efficient and effective, saving valuable time. However, it’s vital to critically evaluate the generated text to ensure it aligns with your research objectives and to avoid plagiarism.

ChatGPT’s ability to synthesize large amounts of information can aid in developing a clear and concise outline, but remember, it’s a guide, not a replacement for human analysis.

Despite these limitations, ChatGPT provides a unique advantage in conducting literature reviews. It can automate mundane tasks, allowing researchers to focus on analysis and critical thinking.

Identifying Keywords and Search Terms

Using ChatGPT to identify relevant keywords related to your research topic can significantly streamline your workflow.

For instance, when you input a summary of your research question into ChatGPT, the AI model can generate a list of pertinent keywords.

These keywords are not just randomly selected; they are based on the vast amounts of information in ChatGPT’s dataset, making them highly relevant and often inclusive of terms that are current in your research field.

An insider tip for leveraging ChatGPT effectively is to guide the AI with clear and concise prompts.

For example, asking ChatGPT to: “summarize key themes in [specific field] research papers from the last five years” can yield a list of keywords and phrases that are not only relevant but also reflective of the current state of research.

This approach is particularly beneficial for conducting systematic reviews or for non-native English speakers who might be unfamiliar with specific academic jargon.

While ChatGPT can provide a comprehensive understanding of relevant literature and help automate the identification of keywords, it’s important to critically evaluate the generated content.

Researchers should use ChatGPT as a tool to augment their research process, not as a replacement for human insight.

It’s crucial to mind the limitations of the AI model and ensure that the keywords identified align with the research topic and objectives.

Creating an Initial Literature Review Outline

The key to using ChatGPT effectively in crafting an initial outline lies in its ability to generate content based on specific prompts.

For instance, a researcher working on organic photovoltaic devices can input a prompt into ChatGPT, such as “Help me create a structure for a literature review on organic photovoltaic devices.”

The AI model, using its comprehensive understanding of the research topic, can then produce a preliminary structure, including sections like:

• Introduction
• Advances in materials and technology, performance, and efficiency.

This generated outline serves as a valuable starting point. It helps in organizing thoughts and determining the key areas that the literature review should cover. I

mportantly, researchers can refine and expand this initial outline as they delve deeper into their topic, ensuring it aligns with their specific research question and the current state of research.

However, while ChatGPT can streamline the review process and save valuable time in creating an initial outline, researchers should not solely rely on it.

The content generated by ChatGPT must be critically evaluated and supplemented with in-depth research. This involves:

• Reading systematic reviews
• Reading research papers, and
• Summarizing relevant literature to ensure the review is comprehensive and up-to-date.

Get ChatGPT To Help You During Research, Using The Right Prompts

The key to effectively using ChatGPT in this process lies in crafting the right prompts, guiding the AI to generate relevant and useful content. 

When initiating a literature review, the prompt should aim for a broad understanding of the research topic. For instance, asking ChatGPT to:

• “Give a brief overview of research done on [topic]”
• “What are some of the recent findings on the [topic] in research?” or 
• “Summarize the historical development of [topic] in academia”

Helps in capturing the general landscape of the field. These prompts assist in identifying key theories, methodologies, and authors within the research area. As the review progresses, more specific prompts are necessary to delve deeper into individual studies. Queries like:

• “Summarize the main arguments and findings of [specific paper]” or
• “What are the strengths and weaknesses of [specific paper]?”

enable ChatGPT to provide detailed insights into particular research papers, aiding in understanding their contribution to the broader field. Comparative prompts are also crucial in synthesizing information across multiple works. Asking ChatGPT to:

• “Compare and contrast the methodologies of [paper 1] and [paper 2]” or
• “How do the findings of [paper 1] and [paper 2] agree or disagree?”

helps in discerning the nuances and disparities in the literature. In the final stages of the literature review, prompts should focus on summarizing findings and identifying emerging trends or gaps. For example:

• “What trends or patterns have emerged from the literature on [topic]?” or
• “What future research directions are suggested by the literature on [topic]?”

We will share more on these ChatGPT prompts in the later part of this post, read on.

Reviewing ChatGPT’s Responses

When using ChatGPT to write a literature review, it’s crucial to critically evaluate its responses.

Firstly, researchers should cross-reference the information provided by ChatGPT with actual research papers.

This step ensures the accuracy of the data and helps in identifying any discrepancies or outdated information, given that ChatGPT’s dataset may not include the most recent studies.

Another essential aspect is assessing the coherence and depth of the AI-generated text. ChatGPT can summarize and synthesize information efficiently, but it might not capture the nuances of complex theories or research arguments.

Researchers should ensure that the content aligns with their research question and systematically reviews the topic comprehensively. This is where a researcher’s value comes in.

Additionally, verifying the originality of the content is vital to avoid plagiarism. While ChatGPT can generate human-like text, researchers must ensure that the AI-generated content is used as a guide rather than a verbatim source. 

Proper citations and references are essential to maintain the integrity of the literature review. Avoid torpedoing your own research by committing plagiarism.

Ensuring Coherence and Flow

One of the challenges when using such advanced AI language models is ensuring the coherence and flow of the final document. This aspect is crucial as it determines the readability and academic rigor of the literature review.

ChatGPT can generate vast amounts of content on a wide range of topics, responding efficiently to prompts and synthesizing information from its extensive dataset.

However, the content generated by ChatGPT, while informative, might not always align seamlessly with the specific research question or maintain a consistent narrative flow.

To tackle this, researchers need to take an active role in guiding ChatGPT and subsequently refining its output.

A practical approach is to use ChatGPT as a starting point, leveraging its ability to quickly provide summaries, synthesize relevant literature, and identify key references and keywords related to the research topic. For example, prompts like:

• “Summarize the current research on [topic]” or
• “Identify key debates in [topic]”

Can yield valuable initial insights.

Once this foundational information is obtained, the crucial task is to carefully review and edit the AI-generated content.

This involves connecting the dots between different sections, ensuring that each part contributes meaningfully to addressing the research question, and refining the language to maintain academic standards.

It’s also essential to check for and avoid plagiarism, ensuring that all sources are correctly cited.

In addition, considering the vast amounts of information ChatGPT can access, it’s vital to verify the accuracy and relevance of the content.

Researchers should cross-reference AI-generated summaries with actual research papers, especially the most recent ones, as ChatGPT’s dataset may not include the latest studies.

Editing and Proofreading

Now that your literature review is mostly written out, now focus on the editing and proofreading. The content generated by ChatGPT needs to be meticulously reviewed and edited. Here are the steps:

• Verifying the accuracy of the information. Researchers must cross-check the AI-generated content against actual research papers and systematic reviews. This ensures that the latest studies are accurately represented.
• Improve coherence and flow. Researchers should restructure sentences, ensure logical progression of ideas, and maintain a consistent academic tone throughout the document.
• Checking for plagiarism. Despite ChatGPT’s ability to generate human-like text, researchers must ensure that all sources are correctly cited and that the review does not inadvertently replicate existing material.
• Check Grammar and Spelling: Editing should encompass grammar checks, vocabulary refinement, and ensuring that the language used is appropriate for an academic audience.
• Update Citation: Review citation, or reference list to ensure everything is cited correctly, and the citation list is written out to your required standard, be it MLA, Chicago, or APA.

What ChatGPT Prompts To Use When Writing A Literature Review?

There are many ways to use ChatGPT to write literature review, usually by using the right prompts. Here’s how specific types of prompts can be effectively employed, with multiple examples for each category:

• “Provide a comprehensive overview of the latest research on [topic].”
• “Summarize the current understanding and key findings in the field of [topic].”
• “Detail the dominant theoretical frameworks currently used in [topic].”
• “Describe the evolution of theoretical approaches in [topic] over the past decade.”
• “Identify and discuss the major debates or controversies in [topic].”
• “What are the conflicting viewpoints or schools of thought in [topic]?”
• “List the leading researchers in [topic] and summarize their key contributions.”
• “Who are the emerging authors in [topic], and what unique perspectives do they offer?”
• “Explain the most common research methodologies used in studies about [topic].”
• “How have the methodologies in [topic] research evolved recently?”
• “Trace the historical development and major milestones in [topic].”
• “Provide a timeline of the key discoveries and shifts in understanding in [topic].”
• “What significant paradigm shifts have occurred in [topic] in the last twenty years?”
• “How has the focus of research in [topic] changed over time?”
• “Analyze the methodology and conclusions of [specific paper].”
• “Discuss the impact and reception of [specific paper] in the field of [topic].”
• “Compare the results and methodologies of [paper 1] and [paper 2] in [topic].”
• “How do [paper 1] and [paper 2] differ in their approach to [topic]?”
• “Based on current literature, what are the suggested future research directions in [topic]?”
• “Identify gaps in the literature of [topic] that could be explored in future studies.”

By using these types of prompts, researchers can guide ChatGPT to produce content that is not only relevant to their literature review but also rich in detail and scope.

Wrapping Up: Use Other AI Tools Too, Not Just ChatGPT

In conclusion, while ChatGPT serves as a powerful ally in the literature review process, it’s important to recognize it as one of many AI tools available to researchers as well. Diversifying your AI toolkit can enhance the depth and breadth of your review, offering varied perspectives and methodologies.

As AI continues to evolve, embracing a range of these tools can lead to more comprehensive, nuanced, and innovative academic writing, expanding the horizons of research and scholarly exploration beyond what we currently envision.

Dr Andrew Stapleton has a Masters and PhD in Chemistry from the UK and Australia. He has many years of research experience and has worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow and Associate at a number of Universities. Although having secured funding for his own research, he left academia to help others with his YouTube channel all about the inner workings of academia and how to make it work for you.

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How to use ChatGPT to summarize a book, article, or research paper

AI chatbots like ChatGPT can be used to make summarizing long articles, research papers, and books an easier job. If you're tasked with writing a summary for school or work about a body of written text, and you're pinched for time, ChatGPT can help you understand the necessary components.

You should remember that ChatGPT is a tool that can help you further understand a topic, and it may not be in your best interest to have it write your work for you.

Also:   How to make ChatGPT provide sources and citations

If you're a student writing a research paper, someone who is keen to discover more about a lengthy article, or someone who wants to dive into a complicated subject, you can use ChatGPT to simplify the process.

How ChatGPT can create summaries for you

Materials needed : You'll need a device that can connect to the internet, an OpenAI account , and a basic understanding of the article, research paper, or book you want to summarize. 

Also:  This AI chatbot can sum up any PDF and answer any question you have about it

The process should take about one to three minutes.

1. Find your article, paper, or book to summarize

If you need ChatGPT to help summarize an article or research paper, find the body of text online and keep it open in a separate tab.

2. Open your web browser and log in to OpenAI

Open your web browser of choice and type in chat.openai.com/chat . 

Also: How to use ChatGPT to write Excel formulas

Log in or sign up for an account. 

3. Type your request

In the chat box, type in TLDR: followed by the title of the book you want summarized. TLDR stands for too long, didn't read. 

Also: How to use ChatGPT: Everything you need to know

You can also ask ChatGPT: "Summarize [book title]." 

You cannot paste a URL into ChatGPT. If you do so, you'll get a response explaining that the chatbot cannot access websites. If you want ChatGPT to summarize research, you'll need a basic understanding of the topic to ensure you aren't including inaccurate information in your report.

For example, if you're writing a paper about how twin sibling dynamics affect their marriages, you can ask ChatGPT: "Explain how twin relationships affect their marriages."

Also:   The best AI chatbots: ChatGPT and other noteworthy alternatives 

ChatGPT will offer you a few bullet points of both positive and negative effects a twin bond can have on the twins' marriages. You'll still need to read key points of the research, as ChatGPT won't provide you with specific statistics or scientific conclusions. But ChatGPT can help you understand the context surrounding the research you're interested in.

If you're having trouble comprehending specific passages in an article, book, or research paper, you can copy parts of the text and paste them into ChatGPT.

Think of this method as reshuffling the words you're currently reading to help you make more sense of the text in front of you.

This is an accurate summary of 'The Hunger Games: Mockingjay'.

What are ChatGPT's limitations?

If you're using ChatGPT to summarize an article, book, or piece of research, keep in mind that ChatGPT isn't aware of events that occurred after September 2021. 

Also:   4 things Claude AI can do that ChatGPT can't

ChatGPT is a large language model that uses queues and millions of data points to mimic human responses. This form of mimicry is why ChatGPT will answer questions even when it doesn't output the correct answer. So, make sure you're not using any information from ChatGPT without fact-checking it.

If you try to get around this obstacle and provide ChatGPT with an article that contains information post-2021, it might hallucinate. Here, I asked the chatbot to summarize an article about a new app I wrote about , and it made up a few details. 

Lemon8 is a new app from TikTok's parent company, ByteDance. Although the TikTok trend may exist, that's not what the article is about.

Can ChatGPT summarize a PDF?

Copying and pasting a URL into ChatGPT won't yield you the best results. If there is a specific paragraph or sentence you're struggling with, you can copy and paste it into ChatGPT and ask it to explain it to you. Still, it's best to read the PDF and use the chatbot as a summary tool and not as an educator. 

Also:  How to use ChatGPT to write code

If you're looking for an AI chatbot that you can regularly rely on to give you an accurate summary of a PDF, consider using ChatPDF . You can summarize up to three PDFs of up to 120 pages per day, and an upgraded plan is available for $5 per month.

Can ChatGPT summarize an email thread?

Sort of. If you want to copy and paste every single email, ChatGPT can summarize the thread's contents for you. It would be more helpful to scan an email thread yourself and ask ChatGPT to help you write a response based on the key points you know about the conversation. 

Editor's note: We've added additional context to the step concerning ChatGPT summarizing articles by URL. 

More on AI tools

What is chatgpt and why does it matter here's what you need to know, chatgpt vs. chatgpt plus: is it worth the subscription fee, google's new infini-attention technique lets you input infinite text into llms.

Using ChatGPT to assist with writing a research paper

Enhance your academic writing with AI! Explore how ChatGPT helps you draft your methods section, brainstorm counterargument ideas, and write a compelling conclusion.

Are you struggling with writing the methods section of your research paper? Learn how ChatGPT can make this task easier with these steps:

Step 1: Brainstorm

Start by creating a bullet-point list of key details about your research methodology. Don't worry about language or structure at this stage; focus on getting the information down.

Step 2: Ask ChatGPT to refine

Input your bullet points and ask ChatGPT to provide detailed descriptions. This approach saves time and effort and ensures a comprehensive description of your methodology.

Step 3: Review ChatGPT’s output Review the output from ChatGPT and put your own touch on it. Remember that you are collaborating with ChatGPT and using it as a partner and it may not give you the perfect output every time.

You can also use ChatGPT to develop counterarguments and the conclusion of your scientific paper.

Counterarguments

Input your arguments and ask ChatGPT to create counterarguments that strengthen your main argument and show different sides of the topic.

Start by drafting your conclusion, and then ask ChatGPT to rewrite your paragraph as a conclusion. Incorporate counterarguments in your conclusion to provide a well-rounded viewpoint and strengthen your argument.

Start the first chapter of our ChatGPT Essentials for Clinicians course for free

If you're not using ChatGPT and other language learning models (LLM) to enhance your abilities and streamline your work, you're missing out on the future of medicine! 

Let's dive into the basics of ChatGPT and master the art of effective prompting—the key to harnessing the potential of these AI tools. This will enable you to compose academic content, simplify information, organize data, and much more.

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How to Use ChatGPT To Write A Research Paper

Over the past three years, we’ve helped thousands of students write research papers with research mentors. And, since the public release of ChatGPT, we’ve been getting questions about how best to use (and not use) this new technology. In this article, we outline the best ways to use ChatGPT from our experience including the ways that ChatGPT can help out academic writing - and the ways that it can be limited. We’re researchers ourselves - our founders met at Harvard while doing a research program - so we’ll show you what we’re seeing and how you can use it for your own papers.

What is ChatGPT?

ChatGPT is an advanced language model developed by OpenAI. It is designed to generate human-like responses to any input you desire, making it a powerful tool for anyone. ChatGPT can understand social contexts, recognize patterns, and generate coherent messages. Here’s an example from our co-cofounder Stephen, when he used ChatGPT to try to recreate a paper one of his students wrote on high school employment.

As you can see from his article, ChatGPT was quite good at building a somewhat credible sounding literature review - but wasn’t as good at identifying accurate information. ChatGPT has gotten better since he wrote that piece (in December, 2022), but it still makes factual mistakes which can be dangerous for a researcher when using ChatGPT.

ChatGPT has already been used to write complex code for algorithms, transcribed new poems and stories, and

7 Ways to Use ChatGPT to Write A Research Paper

Below, we outline a few steps to use ChatGPT when writing a research paper. We begin with thinking about the structure of the paper and then moving to discuss how you can level up the existing writing you’ve done.

1. Summarize Other Research Papers

As an up-and-coming researcher, other scientific papers may be extremely dense and difficult to read. Have ChatGPT summarize the article for you.

Us: Write a paragraph summary of "Acceleration of 1I/‘Oumuamua from radiolytically produced H2 in H2O ice" by Bergner.

ChatGPT: In the paper "Acceleration of 1I/‘Oumuamua from radiolytically produced H2 in H2O ice", Bergner explores the possibility that the interstellar object 'Oumuamua could have been propelled by gas released from its surface due to the decomposition of water ice by cosmic radiation. The author presents a theoretical model and calculations to support this hypothesis and shows that the acceleration observed in 'Oumuamua's trajectory could be explained by the release of hydrogen gas from the object's surface. The study suggests that the radiolytic decomposition of water ice could be a common mechanism for the propulsion of interstellar objects and highlights the importance of further investigating the properties and behavior of such objects.

2. Edit Your Style and Grammar

ChatGPT’s ability to deeply understand English can be used as a grammar checker by inputting any text into the chat window and receiving feedback on any grammatical errors. This can already be done with other existing software, but the most exciting thing is that ChatGPT can transform any input you enter into the prompt.

If you believe that your essay sounds too informal, utilizes rudimentary vocabulary that you want to upgrade, or you want to add more technical terms, you can say just that. Copy your essay into the prompt, with your request, such as “ Use fancier scientific knowledge/terminology to applicable places in my essay. ” or “Edit my essay to increase the brevity of this paragraph.” or “Make this essay more at the level for 8th graders/college-level research paper.”

Outside of research papers, you could even use this to change the tone or style of any writing pieces. “Transform this essay into a long prose in the style of a limerick. “Write this paragraph about my day yesterday in the style of a Ph.D research paper.”

3. Generating an First Outline

Writing a large research paper can be extremely overwhelming, and sometimes, you may not even know where to start. An outline can be extremely helpful, and can be generated by ChatGPT. You can even specialize and customize this outline based on your needs and specialities, as each paper and style of paper will have its unique structures.

Us: Draft an outline for a biology research paper at a college level

I. Introduction

A. Background information on the topic

B. Significance of the research question

C. Research objectives and hypotheses

D. Brief overview of the structure of the paper

II. Literature review

A. Overview of the relevant literature

B. Key concepts and theories related to the topic

C. Previous research on the topic

D. Gaps in the literature and the need for further research

III. Methods

A. Description of the study design and methodology

B. Sampling strategy and sample size

C. Data collection techniques and instrumentation

D. Data analysis methods

… and it continues on until the end of the paper.

4. Build a First Draft to Your Paper

Similar to above, we can have ChatGPT generate ideas and new content based off of your outlines for any research papers. With any idea you may have, you can have ChatGPT write a couple sentences that could kickstart your thinking process or use as experimentation. For example,

Us: Write three sentences on the effect and most prevalent gut microbiota regulating the immune system

ChatGPT: The gut microbiota is known to modulate the immune system via complex interactions with immune cells, including regulatory T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Alterations in gut microbial composition, such as a decrease in beneficial bacteria like Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and an increase in pathogenic bacteria, have been linked to several immune-mediated diseases. Therefore, maintaining a healthy balance of gut microbiota is essential for immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disorders.

From your outline, you can begin using this to begin bolstering your essay with actual content, utilizing this generated content as a text-filled outline to begin writing the rest of the paper. Be sure to edit, fact check anything that you may not recognize, and do not purely just copy and paste.

5. Expand and Draw Conclusions From Experiments

Sometimes during research, you run into a roadblock and cannot figure out where to go further from your recent experiment. You may just need another person, or better yet, a computer to help you out.

Us: What conclusions can I draw from a western blot and what experiments should I conduct afterwards?

ChatGPT: A Western blot is a widely used technique in molecular biology to detect and quantify specific proteins in a sample. The conclusions that can be drawn from a Western blot depend on the research question being addressed, but generally, the presence or absence of a target protein in the sample can be inferred from the signal intensity of the band observed on the blot. Other conclusions, such as the size and post-translational modifications of the protein of interest, can also be deduced based on the molecular weight and mobility of the band.

After obtaining initial results from a Western blot, it is important to conduct further experiments to confirm and extend the findings. For example, one could perform additional Western blots using different antibodies to validate the specificity of the signal, or use techniques such as co-immunoprecipitation or mass spectrometry to identify interacting partners or modifications of the target protein. It may also be useful to compare the levels of the target protein across different samples or experimental conditions to gain insight into its regulation and function. Additionally, follow-up experiments could involve perturbing the expression or activity of the protein of interest to investigate its role in cellular processes or disease states.

6. Correct Misconceptions As an Encyclopedia

It can be easy to mix up pieces of information, or just accidentally mess up something. Use the internet as an encyclopedia for your convenience.

Us: Cesium fluoride has been shown to exhibit unique catalytic properties in organic reactions due to its high reactivity and low ionization potential, making it an attractive alternative to traditional catalysts.

ChatGPT: The sentence is partially true, as Cesium fluoride (CsF) is indeed known for its high reactivity and low ionization potential. However, it is not commonly used as a catalyst in organic reactions because it is a strong base and can cause unwanted side reactions. In addition, CsF is also expensive and can be difficult to handle due to its high reactivity with moisture in the air. Therefore, CsF is not a common alternative to traditional catalysts in organic reactions.

7. Use as a Writing Partner Throughout Your Process

How many times have you wished that you had someone to banter with, to run ideas through, to ask if this paragraph makes sense in the structure of your paper. While ChatGPT may be just a computer, its natural language processing origins means that it can be great to answer these questions above. ChatGPT can assess readability, make sure that a sentence fits into place with the “story” of your research, and do much of what another person “reading over” your essay can do.

How to NOT Use ChatGPT?

While being such a valuable resource, there are many, many reasons and scenarios to not use ChatGPT. ChatGPT, at its heart, can be an aid to progressing your education, but never a replacement for using critical thinking skills or purely – to learn.

1. Write Your Entire Research Paper For You Through Copy and Paste

It may be tempting to just ask all of your research questions and copy and paste what ChatGPT generates for you, but is taking the “easy” way out the best way to go? Remember that ChatGPT is trained from data and continues to be an ever-evolving model, but not perfect and never fully accurate. It can easily misdirect you with information that may seem correct, but are fully factually inaccurate. Additionally, think of all of the moral issues with submitting work that was not created by you and conclusions not synthesized by you.

2. Analyze Your Data

ChatGPT cannot synthesize new information and conclusions based on posted data, due to its limitations as a language model. ChatGPT is just an advanced version of existing language models, which can only predict the next word based off of the previous word based off of previous data it has learned from. It can be difficult, or flat out wrong, to synthesize conclusions based on what ChatGPT has analyzed.

If you’re looking for the opportunity to research under the guidance of a mentor that is not ChatGPT, then consider applying to the Lumiere Research Scholar Program . Last year over 2100 students applied for about 500 spots in the program. You can find the application form here.

Aaron Zheng is a sophomore at Harvard University, studying Bioengineering. He is passionate about biotechnology, business development, and aiding students get to college, regardless of background. In his spare time, he looks to read, journal, and explore the world.

Image source: Stock image.

Interesting and useful! I am very interested in this question. By the way, my job is such that I often turn to the services of translators. I have been using this platform for quite some time https://www.translate.com/italian-english They offer professional translation and every order goes through three stages. In this case, we can conclude that these specialists take their work responsibly and can be trusted. What do you think about it?

Now more and more people are starting to use automation while writing texts, and this is great. Too bad it didn't happen before. Although, better than a human, a robot will not write. Do you agree? Personally, I went to https://www.fellowshippersonalstatement.com/ I'm delighted because my article was written for me from scratch, without any templates. My best qualities and achievements were emphasized. Obviously, they only used my information from the completed questionnaire. They are responsible professionals.

A very useful article, I like it, but in my unprofessional opinion, it is too early to trust chat with such tasks, as for me, if you need help with writing, it is better to contact specialists. For example, I turned to the guys who provided me with a document editing service at a very affordable price, doing everything themselves, carefully checking everything, in short, professionals in their field, I trust them more than chat, it still needs to progress so that additional algorithms are installed. In the meantime, it cannot replace human work in the field of working with documents, texts, etc.

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How to Use ChatGpt to Write a Research Paper 101: 4 Key Prompts

• 25 August 2023 25 August 2023

Table of Contents

• Introduction

Welcome to the future of Academic Productivity , where harnessing the power of technology takes centre stage. In a world where time is of the essence and innovation reigns supreme, researchers and scholars are constantly seeking smarter ways to tackle the daunting task of crafting research papers. Enter ChatGPT , the revolutionary Language Model that’s set to transform the way we write scientific research papers.

In this article, we’ll explore how to use ChatGPT to its fullest potential, from formulating a research question to navigating the intricacies of the writing process. Gone are the days of laborious literature reviews and endless drafts; with ChatGPT, you can now streamline your research endeavours and elevate the quality of your work.

Discover how ChatGPT can help you unlock the secrets of efficient, insightful, and dynamic research paper writing. It’s time to revolutionize your academic journey, one query at a time.

Crucial Considerations Prior to Crafting Your Research Paper with ChatGPT

1. don’t go all-in.

While ChatGPT is a brilliant language model and can certainly help you draft sections of your research paper, it’s not a silver bullet. Relying entirely on AI-generated content might leave you with a paper that lacks your personal touch and critical thinking. Professors are adept at detecting the subtle nuances that make your writing unique . So, while ChatGPT can provide fantastic insights and suggestions for your research question, make sure you infuse your own brilliance into the writing process. You can ask ChatGPT for help but remember to always add your own touch.

2. Stay One Step Ahead of Plagiarism and AI Detection

Now, here’s where things get interesting. Plagiarism and AI detection tools are like those annoying hall monitors, ever watchful for any sign of foul play. While content generated by ChatGPT can sometimes be flagged by these tools, it’s worth noting that every system has its loopholes . By using a judicious blend of AI-generated content and your own ideas, you can create a harmonious composition that’s less likely to trip the plagiarism alarms. So, how to use ChatGPT to write a scientific research paper without triggering plagiarism alarms you may ask, well Here I have a dedicated article on “How to Make ChatGpt Write Like Human” , Check it out its literally a Gold Mine.

“What’s a Research Paper and its Writing Process? 📝

A Research Paper is your scientific story. 🧪📚

It’s like ChatGPT helping you write a research masterpiece! 🤖✍️

You’ve got these main sections:

• Materials & Methods
• Results & Discussion

They call it the IMRDC Structure . 🧩

Intro and Conclusion , like a dynamic duo, set the stage and wrap it up. 🎭

Materials & Methods + Results & Discussion are best buddies, one leads to the other. 🤝

This structure makes your paper crystal clear! 💎📑

Step-by-Step Guide on How to Use ChatGpt to Write a Research Paper

1. Abstract

Let’s talk about the first thing you see in a scientific research paper writing or any other research paper: T he Abstract . This is the big deal, folks. Your Abstract decides if people dive into your paper or peace out. Think of it like a quickie summary of your entire work, covering the Intro, Methods, Results, and Conclusion. But wait up! You have to do it in 250 to 300 words.

How to make ChatGpt generate abstract you may ask Just feed ChatGPT with this prompt:

2. Introduction

Alrighty, We started with the Abstract , and now, buckle up, because it’s time for the Introduction . The Introduction is like your grand entrance – it’s where you make that killer first impression. Picture researchers with their curious eyes locked on your words. So, why are you even doing this study? What’s your motivation? That’s where the background swoops in, a little history, some key terms , and voilà, setting the stage.

Once we’ve got the stage set, we turn to the Literature Survey , a fancy way of saying, “Who else did what in this field?” That’s your chance to show you’re not reinventing the wheel, just making it spin better. With that established, we zoom in on the Research Gap – these are the thorny issues that no one’s conquered yet. It’s like the treasure map of problems waiting for you to solve.

Next up, objectives – what’s your game plan? How are you gonna slay those research Gaps? And finally, we slap on the scope – setting limits on your gig. Think of it as your research playground fence.

Now, if you’re feeling overwhelmed, don’t sweat it. You can use ChatGPT to write your Introduction for your scientific research paper. This AI language model can assist in the writing process, helping you to organize your research, generate sections of your paper, and even edit and proofread your paper. Remember, ChatGPT is a tool that can provide you with high-quality scientific writing, but you’ll still need to review content generated by ChatGPT for accuracy. 

Feed ChatGPT with this Prompt to Generate Introduction :

3. Materials & Methods 

It’s time to dive into the nitty-gritty – Materials and methods . This section breaks down how you went from A to Z, turning your experiment into results that matter. 

First off, list the stuff you used – all the gear and gadgets . Then, give the play-by-play. Walk the reader through your experiment roadmap. What you did, how you did it – spill the beans. Also, don’t forget to name-drop the tools you used to crunch those numbers.

Easy peasy so far, right? But here’s the gold: your experiments gotta be as solid as a rock. Why? Because if someone else tries to copy your moves, they should dance to the same tune. That’s credibility dancing, my friend. It’s like teaching someone to bake your grandma’s cookies and they come out just as chewy. That’s the vibe you’re going for – trust in every bite.

Feed ChatGPT with this Prompt to Generate Materials and Methods:

4. Results & Discussion 

In this section, we dive into the heart of your scientific paper: the Results and discussion . Using ChatGPT can be essential to make this part shine. Here’s how it works in just three simple steps:

• Data Presentation: Start by sharing your data, and don’t forget to use visuals like charts and graphs . They add clarity to your findings.
• Explaining Results: After presenting the data, explain what it means. For instance, if you have a graph of x=y, make it clear that for every value of x, there’s an equal value of y. This is your result.
• Meaningful Discussion: Now, discuss the significance of your results in the context of your research problem. What does it mean for the current research scenario? This is where you attach meaning to your findings.

Remember, ChatGPT can assist you in generating content for this section, but it’s crucial to review it for accuracy, clarity, and authenticity. Use ChatGPT to help you, but always keep an eye on the final product.

5. Conclusion

In scientific research paper writing, the conclusion section is crucial. Its purpose is to remind readers why we started this research and what we’ve achieved. Here’s how to structure it:

• Restate the Objective:  Begin by restating the main objective of your study.
• Highlight Key Findings: Review the key findings of your work.
• Broader Applications: Discuss the broader applications and implications of your study within the research field.
• Contribution: Explain how your study has contributed to the research field.
• Recommendations: Close by offering recommendations for future research.

6. References 

Alrighty, folks! Let’s break down the last part of your research paper – the References Section . This is where you give a shout-out to all the sources and studies that helped shape your paper. Imagine it as the credits roll of your academic masterpiece.

You have to list down all those sources neatly, using the citation style your journal loves. Once you’ve nailed that, it’s showtime! Your paper’s ready for the Big Leagues- Paper Publication.

So there you have it, folks! 🚀 ChatGPT has become an invaluable tool to assist with research in academia. You can use ChatGPT to brainstorm your research topic, outline your paper, and even learn how to use it to search for relevant scientific literature. It can provide high-quality scientific summaries and shorten your paper effectively.

Remember that while ChatGPT can provide you with helpful suggestions and feedback, it is not a substitute for your own critical thinking and creativity. You should always check the accuracy, relevance, and originality of the content generated by ChatGPT, and make sure that you do not plagiarize or violate any ethical standards. ChatGPT is a tool to help you write better, not to write for you.

I hope this article has helped you learn How to use ChatGPT to Write a Research Paper . If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact me.

FAQ’s

Can i use chat gpt to write research paper.

While ChatGPT can assist in generating ideas and content, it’s not suitable for writing a comprehensive scientific research paper. Crafting a research paper requires critical thinking, peer review, and domain expertise that ChatGPT lacks. Utilize it as a supplementary tool, not a sole solution.

Is it Fine to Use ChatGpt to Generate Research Paper?

While ChatGPT can aid research, it isn’t suitable for crafting entire scientific papers. It lacks context, fact-checking, and academic rigor. Relying solely on it may compromise research quality and credibility. Review, expertise, and critical analysis remain crucial.

Can I Use ChatGPT for the Literature Review?

Incorporating ChatGPT for literature reviews can be helpful, but it’s not a replacement for comprehensive analysis. While it aids in generating insights and ideas, it’s essential to critically review and refine the content it generates.

What is the Correct Order to Write a Research Paper?

When composing a research paper, follow this order: Begin with an abstract summarizing key points. Introduce the topic, detail materials and methods, present results and discuss them, draw conclusions, and cite references used. This systematic approach enhances clarity and organization.

Can I Create Citations using ChatGPT?

Generating citations using ChatGPT can be helpful for basic referencing, but caution is advised. ChatGPT may not consistently produce accurate or complete scientific citations. Always review and verify citations manually to ensure the quality and credibility of your paper.

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• 07 July 2023
• Correction 11 July 2023

Scientists used ChatGPT to generate an entire paper from scratch — but is it any good?

• Gemma Conroy

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

A pair of scientists has produced a research paper in less than an hour with the help of ChatGPT — a tool driven by artificial intelligence (AI) that can understand and generate human-like text. The article was fluent, insightful and presented in the expected structure for a scientific paper, but researchers say that there are many hurdles to overcome before the tool can be truly helpful.

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Nature 619 , 443-444 (2023)

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-02218-z

Updates & Corrections

Correction 11 July 2023 : An earlier version of this story implied that human researchers had guided ChatGPT through the steps to create a research paper. In fact, the data-to-paper tool developed by Kishony and Ifargan acted as an intermediary between ChatGPT and the researchers. The text has been corrected in several places to reflect this.

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How To Get ChatGPT To Read A PDF Effectively In 6 Easy Ways

Learn how to get ChatGPT to read a PDF in just six easy ways. Improve your workflow and productivity with these valuable guide.

Table of Contents

Can ChatGPT Read PDF Files?

Related reading, benefits of using chatgpt to read pdf files, natural language interaction, simplified text for easier understanding, quick keyword extraction, flexibility, quick text summarization, elaborative question answering, language translation, accessibility for users, unriddle allows you to read faster and write better, prepare your pdf for analysis, maximizing accessibility, cleaning up unnecessary content, simplifying complex tables, how to get chatgpt to read a pdf in 6 easy ways, 1. using an alternative to chatgpt: use unriddle to read a pdf as an alternative to chatgpt, 2. using chatgpt plus version, 3. using chatgpt-4 model, 4. using link reading plugins in chatgpt-4 model, 5. converting pdf to text format, 6. directly copy pasting text from the pdf, 14 best pdf plugins for chatgpt in 2024, 1. unriddle.ai, 2. askyourpdf, 6. mixerbox chatpdf, 8. aaa summarize, 9. link reader, 10. wolfram, 11. accuratepdf, 12. a+ doc maker, 13. scholarai, 14. web pilot, read faster & write better with unriddle for free today, key features of unriddle: enhancing your reading and writing experience, 1. simplified research, 2. ai-autocompletion, 3. collaborative workspace, 4. comprehensive support, experience the power of unriddle.

• Credible Sources For Research
• How To Find Sources For A Research Paper
• Literature Search Strategy
• How To Find Research Papers

• Unriddle generates an AI assistant on top of any document so you can quickly find, summarize and understand info. No more endless skimming.
• Unriddle understands the meaning behind your writing and automatically links you to relevant things you’ve read and written about in the past.
• Highlight text and Unriddle will show you the most relevant sources from your library using AI. Never lose a citation again.
• Generate text with AI autocomplete to improve and expand your writing, with all suggestions based on the context of what you're working on.

• Unriddle generates an AI assistant on top of any document so you can quickly find, summarize, and understand info. No more endless skimming.
• Highlight text, and Unriddle will show you the most relevant sources from your library using AI. Never lose a citation again.

• What Makes A Source Credible?
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• How To Use Chat Gpt For Research
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• Scholarcy Alternative
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How To Write ChatGPT Prompts To Get The Best Results

Learn how to craft powerful ChatGPT prompts to generate high-quality SEO content. Follow expert tips, examples, and strategies for layering prompts to get the best results.

ChatGPT is a game changer in the field of SEO . This powerful language model can generate human-like content, making it an invaluable tool for SEO professionals.

However, the prompts you provide largely determine the quality of the output.

To unlock the full potential of ChatGPT and create content that resonates with your audience and search engines, writing effective prompts is crucial.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the art of writing prompts for ChatGPT, covering everything from basic techniques to advanced strategies for layering prompts and generating high-quality, SEO-friendly content.

Writing Prompts For ChatGPT

What is a chatgpt prompt.

A ChatGPT prompt is an instruction or discussion topic a user provides for the ChatGPT AI model to respond to.

The prompt can be a question, statement, or any other stimulus to spark creativity, reflection, or engagement.

Users can use the prompt to generate ideas, share their thoughts, or start a conversation.

ChatGPT prompts are designed to be open-ended and can be customized based on the user’s preferences and interests.

How To Write Prompts For ChatGPT

Start by giving ChatGPT a writing prompt, such as, “Write a short story about a person who discovers they have a superpower.”

ChatGPT will then generate a response based on your prompt. Depending on the prompt’s complexity and the level of detail you requested, the answer may be a few sentences or several paragraphs long.

Use the ChatGPT-generated response as a starting point for your writing . You can take the ideas and concepts presented in the answer and expand upon them, adding your own unique spin to the story.

If you want to generate additional ideas, try asking ChatGPT follow-up questions related to your original prompt.

For example, you could ask, “What challenges might the person face in exploring their newfound superpower?” Or, “How might the person’s relationships with others be affected by their superpower?”

Remember that ChatGPT’s answers are generated by artificial intelligence and may not always be perfect or exactly what you want.

However, they can still be a great source of inspiration and help you start writing.

Must-Have GPTs Assistant

I recommend installing the WebBrowser Assistant created by the OpenAI Team. This tool allows you to add relevant Bing results to your ChatGPT prompts.

This assistant adds the first web results to your ChatGPT prompts for more accurate and up-to-date conversations.

It is very easy to install in only two clicks. (Click on Start Chat. )

For example, if I ask, “Who is Vincent Terrasi?,” ChatGPT has no answer.

With WebBrower Assistant, the assistant creates a new prompt with the first Bing results, and now ChatGPT knows who Vincent Terrasi is.

You can test other GPT assistants available in the GPTs search engine if you want to use Google results.

Master Reverse Prompt Engineering

ChatGPT can be an excellent tool for reverse engineering prompts because it generates natural and engaging responses to any given input.

By analyzing the prompts generated by ChatGPT, it is possible to gain insight into the model’s underlying thought processes and decision-making strategies.

One key benefit of using ChatGPT to reverse engineer prompts is that the model is highly transparent in its decision-making.

This means that the reasoning and logic behind each response can be traced, making it easier to understand how the model arrives at its conclusions.

Once you’ve done this a few times for different types of content , you’ll gain insight into crafting more effective prompts.

Prepare Your ChatGPT For Generating Prompts

First, activate the reverse prompt engineering.

• Type the following prompt: “Enable Reverse Prompt Engineering? By Reverse Prompt Engineering I mean creating a prompt from a given text.”

ChatGPT is now ready to generate your prompt. You can test the product description in a new chatbot session and evaluate the generated prompt.

• Type: “Create a very technical reverse prompt engineering template for a product description about iPhone 11.”

The result is amazing. You can test with a full text that you want to reproduce. Here is an example of a prompt for selling a Kindle on Amazon.

• Type: “Reverse Prompt engineer the following {product), capture the writing style and the length of the text : product =”

I tested it on an SEJ blog post. Enjoy the analysis – it is excellent.

• Type: “Reverse Prompt engineer the following {text}, capture the tone and writing style of the {text} to include in the prompt : text = all text coming from https://www.searchenginejournal.com/google-bard-training-data/478941/”

But be careful not to use ChatGPT to generate your texts. It is just a personal assistant.

Prompts and examples for SEO:

• Keyword research and content ideas p rompt : “Provide a list of 20 long-tail keyword ideas related to ‘local SEO strategies’ along with brief content topic descriptions for each keyword.”
• Optimizing content for featured snippets p rompt : “Write a 40-50 word paragraph optimized for the query ‘what is the featured snippet in Google search’ that could potentially earn the featured snippet.”
• Creating meta descriptions p rompt: “Draft a compelling meta description for the following blog post title: ’10 Technical SEO Factors You Can’t Ignore in 2024′.”

Important Considerations:

• Always Fact-Check: While ChatGPT can be a helpful tool, it’s crucial to remember that it may generate inaccurate or fabricated information. Always verify any facts, statistics, or quotes generated by ChatGPT before incorporating them into your content.
• Maintain Control and Creativity: Use ChatGPT as a tool to assist your writing, not replace it. Don’t rely on it to do your thinking or create content from scratch. Your unique perspective and creativity are essential for producing high-quality, engaging content.
• Iteration is Key: Refine and revise the outputs generated by ChatGPT to ensure they align with your voice, style, and intended message.

Additional Prompts for Rewording and SEO: – Rewrite this sentence to be more concise and impactful. – Suggest alternative phrasing for this section to improve clarity. – Identify opportunities to incorporate relevant internal and external links. – Analyze the keyword density and suggest improvements for better SEO.

Remember, while ChatGPT can be a valuable tool, it’s essential to use it responsibly and maintain control over your content creation process.

Experiment And Refine Your Prompting Techniques

Writing effective prompts for ChatGPT is an essential skill for any SEO professional who wants to harness the power of AI-generated content .

Hopefully, the insights and examples shared in this article can inspire you and help guide you to crafting stronger prompts that yield high-quality content.

Remember to experiment with layering prompts, iterating on the output, and continually refining your prompting techniques.

This will help you stay ahead of the curve in the ever-changing world of SEO.

More resources: 

• 25 ChatGPT Examples For Digital Marketers & SEOs 
• From Zero To ChatGPT Hero: How To Harness The Power Of AI In Marketing
• Leveraging Generative AI Tools For SEO

Featured Image: Tapati Rinchumrus/Shutterstock

Vincent Terrasi is the Co-founder and CTO at Draft&Goal. With more than 15 year’s experience, Vincent has become an expert ...

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The Application of ChatGPT in Medicine: A Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis

Affiliations.

• 1 Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
• 2 Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
• PMID: 38650670
• PMCID: PMC11034560
• DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S463128

Purpose: ChatGPT has a wide range of applications in the medical field. Therefore, this review aims to define the key issues and provide a comprehensive view of the literature based on the application of ChatGPT in medicine.

Methods: This scope follows Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework. A comprehensive literature search of publications (30 November 2022 to 16 August 2023) was conducted. Six databases were searched and relevant references were systematically catalogued. Attention was focused on the general characteristics of the articles, their fields of application, and the advantages and disadvantages of using ChatGPT. Descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis methods were used for data analysis.

Results: Of the 3426 studies, 247 met the criteria for inclusion in this review. The majority of articles (31.17%) were from the United States. Editorials (43.32%) ranked first, followed by experimental studys (11.74%). The potential applications of ChatGPT in medicine are varied, with the largest number of studies (45.75%) exploring clinical practice, including assisting with clinical decision support and providing disease information and medical advice. This was followed by medical education (27.13%) and scientific research (16.19%). Particularly noteworthy in the discipline statistics were radiology, surgery and dentistry at the top of the list. However, ChatGPT in medicine also faces issues of data privacy, inaccuracy and plagiarism.

Conclusion: The application of ChatGPT in medicine focuses on different disciplines and general application scenarios. ChatGPT has a paradoxical nature: it offers significant advantages, but at the same time raises great concerns about its application in healthcare settings. Therefore, it is imperative to develop theoretical frameworks that not only address its widespread use in healthcare but also facilitate a comprehensive assessment. In addition, these frameworks should contribute to the development of strict and effective guidelines and regulatory measures.

Keywords: ChatGPT; bibliometric analysis; large language model; medicine; nursing; scoping review.

© 2024 Wu et al.

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Chatgpt: a game changer for managing discussions.

by Brian Wilson, [email protected]

As an instructional designer and university writing instructor, I'm always looking for innovative ways to engage with my students and enhance their learning experience. In this article, I share how ChatGPT helps me stay on top of lively discussions, respond quickly to problematic posts, and personalize feedback.

Summarizing Discussions: Stay on Top of Student Engagement

Picture this: You're juggling multiple discussion threads across different topics. It's a challenge to keep track of every conversation, especially when you want to provide timely and meaningful feedback. This is where ChatGPT shines.

By using ChatGPT, you can quickly summarize lengthy student discussions. Imagine having concise, accurate summaries of each thread, highlighting key points, questions raised, and diverse perspectives. This not only saves you time but ensures that you don't miss out on any crucial parts of the discussion. You can then jump right in, armed with insights and ready to engage more effectively with your students. Here’s an example of a discussion summary written by ChatGPT:

Identifying Problematic Posts: A Proactive Approach to Classroom Management

The digital classroom, much like its physical counterpart, needs a safe and respectful environment. However, monitoring every post for inappropriate content can be overwhelming. ChatGPT can assist in flagging potentially problematic posts, acting as your first line of defense.

The AI can be trained to recognize certain keywords or patterns indicative of harassment, discrimination, or other forms of unacceptable behavior. When such content is detected, you'll be alerted. This proactive approach allows you to address issues promptly, maintaining a positive and inclusive learning environment. Here’s the same discussion summary previously posted; however, I’ve added a problematic response to demonstrate how ChatGPT will flag it:

Personalized Feedback: Fostering Individual Growth

Beyond summarizing discussions and monitoring content, ChatGPT can aid in providing personalized feedback. By analyzing student responses, the AI can suggest areas for improvement, questions to provoke deeper thinking, or additional resources tailored to individual learning needs. This level of customization in feedback is not only efficient but can significantly enhance the learning experience for your students.

Final Thoughts

Integrating ChatGPT into your instructional strategy can transform how you interact with student discussions. It's not just about staying on top of conversations or ensuring a respectful environment; it's about deepening your engagement with students and fostering a more dynamic and interactive learning space.

As you embark on this journey of integrating AI into your teaching practices, remember that technology is a tool to augment your expertise. ChatGPT is here to assist, but the heart of teaching - the personal touch, the expertise, and the passion for the subject - that's irreplaceable and uniquely yours.

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Here's How to Get Started Using ChatGPT

I f 2023 was the year of AI, then it's looking like  2024 will carry on the trend . You may not have tried out one of the many AI chatbots that hit the scene over the last year, but you've probably heard a thing or two about them. How could you not?  OpenAI's ChatGPT gained 100 million users in just two months . It took Instagram and TikTok two and a half years and nine months, respectively, to hit that same mark. 

The field of AI chatbots and other generative AI tools is expansive and growing. A short list includes Google Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, Claude.ai, Perplexity, Dall-E and Midjourney, and collectively they're poised to transform how you work, how you get information and how companies do business. But it all got started with ChatGPT.

Learning to use and navigate using AI chatbots will be increasingly important this year, and if one of your goals is to get more comfortable with AI, you're in the right place. Here's what you need to know about getting started with ChatGPT. 

For more, here's an in-depth look at ChatGPT and how AI is changing the way we answer our health questions . 

What is ChatGPT?

ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence service that simulates human conversation to attempt to understand your text-based questions and requests and then respond to them. To accomplish this task, the chatbot is pretrained on large data sets (including public webpages) to look for patterns and create understandable and appropriate responses based on your requests or prompts. (The "GPT" part of the name reflects that and is short for "generative pretraining transformer.")

If you really want to dig into what ChatGPT is, we have a handy ChatGPT glossary that can help you make sense of it all.

Before your first ChatGPT prompt…

You can't start asking ChatGPT for help until you make an account with OpenAI. 

Navigate to ChatGPT's login page , and you'll be met with the options to Log In or Sign Up. Tap the Sign Up button and provide your name, email address and a valid phone number to verify your account. Note you'll have to accept a couple of disclaimers from OpenAI before you can start prompting ChatGPT. 

Tweak some ChatGPT settings

After creating your account and accepting OpenAI's disclaimers, you should do a few more things before asking all of your questions. First, I recommend tinkering with a few ChatGPT settings. There aren't too many settings, but the more familiar you are with the options, the better. 

The settings that I suggest adjusting are the Custom instructions , where you can give ChatGPT instructions and parameters for how to answer your prompts. These instructions can include information about you, how long or short responses should be, what your hobbies and interests are, and other specifying information. For instance, I told ChatGPT that I was a big fan of Taylor Swift and Formula 1. But when I would ask what music I should try listening to, or what sports I should try watching, this information did not seem to impact the responses I got. 

Before your first prompt, define your 'why' 

Now that you're set up, you're ready to ask your first question. Before you start typing your prompt, however, stop and think about what you really want out of your query. 

You can ask ChatGPT to do all sorts of things for you, but the more focused you are when you're drafting your prompt, the more focused your answer will be. This practice, commonly referred to as prompt engineering , is important if you want useful answers from ChatGPT. 

Ready, set, prompt

Prompting ChatGPT itself is simple. On ChatGPT's homepage, you will see a bar labeled "Message ChatGPT…" at the bottom of the page. When you have a prompt in mind, simply type it into that bar. 

After you've submitted your prompt, ChatGPT will "think" for a moment, and then return a response to your question. At the bottom of ChatGPT's response, you will see four symbols. A small clipboard, a thumbs up, a thumbs down and a circular arrow. 

The small clipboard allows you to copy ChatGPT's response, the thumbs up and thumbs down allow you to tell ChatGPT if its response is good or bad, and the circular arrow will tell ChatGPT to regenerate its response. Note: Regenerating the response will yield a different response than you got the first time. 

After you prompt…

Even after ChatGPT yields its response, your job isn't quite done. There are still a couple of best practices to consider before putting ChatGPT's response into action. 

Be aware of hallucination : Even if you have crafted a near-perfect prompt, ChatGPT may "hallucinate" in its answer. In the context of AI, hallucination refers to the chatbot returning incorrect and nonfactual information. This is not unique to ChatGPT and can affect other chatbots as well. 

It's wise to double-check any advice you receive, and that's especially true when it's coming from a chatbot such as ChatGPT. 

And that goes for questions around health and self-diagnosis . If you ask ChatGPT if women can use Rogaine (a hair-loss medication with the active ingredient minoxidil), for example, the chatbot may tell you that women can use Rogaine but only the women's formulations. But this isn't necessarily true. A 2017 study found that there is no chemical difference between men's and women's Rogaine . The only difference is the price, which can be 40% more for the women's version. When I was dealing with some hair loss, my dermatologist recommended me to opt for men's Rogaine to save a bit of money. 

Sometimes ChatGPT gets it right. Usually it's close. Once in a while, it's very wrong. Check ChatGPT's answers with a Google search at the very least and, if possible, confirm the answer with professionals. 

The answer is just… bad

I go into this much more in my guide on how to write prompts , but ChatGPT is by no means perfect. It will most likely give you an answer that you're not quite satisfied with. Luckily, it's easy to remedy this issue. 

First, make sure you're asking a detailed question: The more usable information you put in your prompt, the better chance that you get back a usable answer. (You should be willing to go back and refine your prompt if you're not getting the answers you expected.)

Second, ask clarifying follow-up questions. I've found that this produces mixed results. It can sometimes prompt ChatGPT to refine its answer, but it can also just return more garbage. 

Finally, if it feels like you're heading down the wrong path, start a new chat and ask your question again. Note that if you do start over or delete your chat history, your prompts are still on OpenAI's servers.

Does ChatGPT remember what I've asked it?

Your previous prompts will not affect the answers that ChatGPT gives you. I asked ChatGPT to help me brainstorm ideas for a birthday gift for my brother and gave information on his interests in my initial prompt. If I wanted to ask another question about my brother's birthday later, I would need to re-enter the information into ChatGPT. 

This won't be the case for long, though. On Feb. 13, OpenAI announced that it's testing ways for ChatGPT to remember details you've discussed in earlier chats when you create new prompts. OpenAI said it was rolling out the features to a "small portion of ChatGPT free and Plus users this week" and will share plans for a larger rollout soon. If you have access to this new feature and you don't want ChatGPT to remember your history, you can disable it by going to Settings , selecting the Personalization tab and then toggling Memory off. 

For more on AI, here's what to know about ChatGPT's new memory function and whether or not ChatGPT is helpful when it comes to wooing your loved one.

Editors' note: CNET is using an AI engine to help create some stories. For more, see  this post .

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