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Natural Resources Essay

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Introduction

Natural resources and their relevance to human life are a major concern for all people on the planet. It is now important to have knowledge of the need for and value of natural resources, as well as to spread full awareness of the dangers associated with their scarcity. We have provided both long and short natural resources essays for students of Class 1 to 12.

Long and Short Essay on Natural Resources

Long natural resources essay in english.

Natural resources are priceless gifts to us that are necessary for our survival on this planet. Air, water, ground, trees, wood, soil, minerals, petroleum, metals, and sunlight are all examples. These resources cannot be generated or developed by humans; instead, they can be changed in various ways so that we can make better use of them.

Natural Resources are Classified into Two Types:

1. Renewable - Water, air, sunshine, ground, wood, soil, plants, and animals are examples of renewable resources that can be reclaimed and reformed after use. Water, plants, livestock, and fresh air are examples of scarce resources. Without a well-managed mechanism for consuming these renewable resources, we will not be able to bring them back in the future for future generations to use.

2. Non-Renewable - Non-renewable natural resources are those that cannot be duplicated and are only available in finite amounts on the globe. Minerals, Metals, petroleum, and coal are located under the earth's surface. Both of these items are in short supply and are extremely useful and valuable in everyday life.

Other categories of natural resources, in addition to these two, are specified as:

1. Biotic - These are natural resources derived from the global environment and include life-like plants, trees, and animals.

2. Abiotic - These resources include non-living natural resources such as air, water, ground, soil, minerals, and metals.

Both Renewable and Non-Renewable resources are used for various purposes:

Wind energy is produced by the movement of air.

Water is used for drinking and hydroelectric energy production.

Plants and trees provide us with vegetables, fruits, cotton, and wood, which we can use to make paper, furniture, and houses.

Animals provide us with milk, and their skin is used to make soap, shoes, purses, belts, and other products.

Solar energy is generated by the sun, which is used to keep us warm.

Oil is used to power vehicles and generates electricity.

Coins, steel, and jewelry are all made from minerals and metals.

Electricity is generated using coal.

What Causes the Depletion of These Resources?

Over-Population: When the world's population grows at an exponential pace, so does the demand for natural resources.

Urbanization: More cities and towns are springing up to meet the ever-increasing demand for housing and other necessities. Some resources have been exhausted as a result of this.

Industrialization: Several new industries are springing up in both rural and urban areas to create jobs and manufacture consumer goods for everyday use. As a result, our natural resources have been over-exploited.

Deforestation: Deforestation is the degradation of trees on a wide scale. Forest degradation has resulted in a reduction in other natural resources such as soil, water, and wildlife.

Mining and Quarrying: Resources have also been exhausted as a result of unscientific mining and quarrying for the production of minerals and ores.

Overgrazing: Soil erosion is exacerbated by overgrazing by cattle in general, and sheep and goats in particular.

Intensive Agriculture: Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, as well as cultivating the same crop year after year, decreases soil fertility and leaves the soil sick.

Insecticides: Insecticides and industrial waste products have depleted biodiversity in the forest, rivers, wetlands, dams, and oceans.

Soil Erosion: Soil erosion is the process of water or wind transporting nutrient-rich topsoil away. This harms both the soil and the plants.

Let us take a look at the Natural Resources Short Essay.

Short Essay on Natural Resources

Natural resources are those that we receive naturally from the Earth. Natural resources include the flora and fauna in our local area, as well as air, water, and sunshine. Natural resources are classified into two groups. They are renewable natural resources, such as solar energy, as well as non-renewable natural resources, such as fossil fuels.

Renewable natural resources do not deplete and are replenished over time, while non-renewable resources deplete as their use increases. Natural resources are a gift to humanity that must be used responsibly and protected for future generations.

Even though the majority of these natural resources are sustainable and plentiful, human activities do misuse some of them. It takes millions of years for all of those non-renewable resources to form. Unauthorized and irresponsible use of these natural resources would lead to a scarcity of these resources in the future.

The key cause of this threat of natural resource extraction can be identified as population growth. When the world's population increases, so does the need for more natural resources. This involves the over-consumption of lands by sacrificing their true natural value to create massive structures, industrialisation, and so on.

The increased use of new technology and requirements has contaminated our natural resources, such as air, water, and soil, by exposing them to more chemically hazardous wastes. Owing to overuse, raw materials derived from fossil fuels, such as petroleum products, are in danger of becoming extinct.

Many of these risks can be avoided if we use our natural resources more wisely and don't take them for granted. Humans should adopt a more sustainable lifestyle to preserve nature's gifts for future generations.

The above material contained an essay on Natural Resources which had a lot of information about the topic. 

It outlined the ways to write an essay, both, long and short. But, writing is all about creative ideas and is considered to be the most loved form of expression. 

Students shall keep exploring more about the art of writing. The best way to do so is by putting their hands on different topics and trying to describe them in different ways. 

Let us get to know more about the essays, their types, formats, and some of the tips that the students shall be using while writing any piece of content.

What is an essay? 

An essay is a kind of writing piece that is usually short and describes the perspective of a writer. It may showcase an argument, tell a story, highlight an issue or simply, describe a topic. They are very personalized and talk about personal opinions and viewpoints. Since writing is a form of expression and a lot of people love to own their thoughts, essay writing is a skill that everyone should possess.

What is the Format to write an Essay? 

It doesn’t follow a very rigid format. However, it consists of three main parts. 

First, the introduction, which talks about an overview of the prompt that you’ve been given. 

Second, the body, which talks in detail or gives a response to the argument which has been stated in the topic.

Third, is the conclusion, which generally contains the ending lines. It can contain a moral, quote or suggestion. 

Students shall note that since writing is a creative process, there’s no need to confine it within some boundaries. You shall write according to the topic and your flow of ideas. However, an important point that you shall keep in mind is that the content of the writing piece should be organized and easy to understand. If there’s a relatability factor to it, the audience would find it appealing and this way, you can connect with more people.

How many Types of Essays are There? 

There are mainly 4 types of essays. However, it depends on the writer, how and what they want to deliver to their audience. 

Narrative Essay

Descriptive Essay

Persuasive Essay

Expository Essay

What are Short Essays? 

Short essays are generally the kind of essays which doesn’t offer too many details about the prompt but surely highlights all the important points linked to it. 

These kinds of essays are considered to be more interesting and easy to read, because of the length of the content.

What are Long Essays?

Long Essays are generally longer than the others as it contains a lot of information. These are considered to be the ones that have all the details. They may be written in an informal way or even a formal way, depending on what the prompt is.

Tips for Writing Essays

Select a captivating title for it. 

Divide the content into small paragraphs so that it looks more organized. 

Make sure that your content grabs the attention of the reader. 

Your words should give a sense of curiosity in the reader’s mind. 

The essay should be well-paced. 

Avoid using jargon and focus more on simple words. 

Focus on the structure of your essay. 

Avoid making grammatical errors. 

Use correct spellings and punctuations. 

Before writing, you may consider making a rough draft so that it becomes easier for you to organize your points later. 

Understand your topic well so that you can provide only relevant information and don't present an unorganized mess. 

Brainstorm your topic, ask yourself questions, research extensively so that before you start, you get a clearer idea of what your content should be like. 

You may use resources and cite research to make it more interesting for the readers.

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FAQs on Natural Resources Essay

1. How can we Conserve/Avoid Water Pollution?

There are two ways to conserve water:

Maintenance of Water Cycle:

In many areas of the world, healthy forests are important for promoting rainfall. As a result, the water cycle would be dependent on tree maintenance and planting.

Swamps, marshes, tanks, and reservoirs must all be closely controlled. Wetland areas, which play an important role in the water cycle, should not be filled with mud and reclaimed as land.

Prevention of Water Pollution:

It is recommended that industrial wastes not be dumped directly into lakes and rivers. If sewage is to be dumped into rivers or streams, it must first be cleaned and filtered.

Oil should not be dumped in the seas by ships or oil tankers.

Cities' organic wastes (sewage) should not be permitted to pollute the water supply. To achieve sewage oxidation, special sewage plants should be built. Finally, sewage-free water can be discharged into rivers and reservoirs.

2. What are Some of the Ways in Which we can Preserve Soil Fertility?

Following are the ways in which we can preserve soil fertility:

It is not advisable to cultivate the same crop year after year. As a consequence, basic elements of a specific kind are depleted in the soil. Different crops should be planted at different times of the year. Crop rotation is a good idea to pursue. It entails rotating between growing a pulse crop or a leguminous crop and some other crop. This is due to the presence of the bacteria rhizobium in the root nodules of leguminous plants, which can fix atmospheric nitrogen.

To substitute what is taken up as nutrients by plants, green manure or synthetic fertilisers should be applied to the soil.

The type of fertiliser to be used for different crops should be addressed with an Agriculture Development Officer or Gram Sevak.

3. How many words long should an essay be? 

An ideal essay should be 400-500 words unless otherwise stated. The words also depend on what you have been asked to write for. Often, the topic is too lengthy and it becomes difficult for you to organise it. While writing, you shall only keep your reader in the mind and then let the ideas flow on a paper.

4. How should an essay be concluded?

The best way to conclude an essay is by presenting your viewpoints or suggestions and ending it with a quote or something similar. However, there is no rule attached to it and students shall rely the most on their creative skills and let the ideas flow as they come.

5. From where can we get to read some of the samples of essays?

Vedantu provides you with a heck of sample essays. You shall simply visit their website or download their mobile app and get access to it. By reading more and more samples, your brain will give you more ideas, and this way your writing skills will improve over time. Remember, the way to write is always reading.

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✍️Essay on Natural Resources: Samples in 100, 150 and 200 Words 

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Essay on Natural Resources

Wondering about how the resources provided by our planet Earth are depleting? Well, that’s true. We have come to the stage where we should start working towards saving our planet. We humans have used our resources in a humongous quantity. Therefore, it’s time we start working towards saving our planet for our future generations. Today we will provide you with a few samples of essay on natural resources which will help you write on this topic easily. 

natural resources essay pdf

Table of Contents

  • 1 What are Natural Resources?
  • 2 Types of Natural Resources
  • 3 Essay on Natural Resources in 100 Words
  • 4 Essay on Natural Resources in 150 Words
  • 5 Essay on Natural Resources in 200 Words

What are Natural Resources?

Natural Resources are resources which are present in nature independent of human actions. 

These are the resources that are created naturally by the environment, without any help from humans. Soil, stone, sunlight, air, plants, animals, fossil fuels, etc. are all natural resources.

In simple language, natural resources are naturally occurring materials which are useful to humankind. They can also be useful in a variety of ways such as in technological, economic or social contexts. These resources include building, clothing materials, food, water, fertilisers and geothermal energy. Natural resources were traditionally within the purview of the natural sciences.

Also Read: Essay on Save Environment: Samples in 100, 200, 300 Words

Types of Natural Resources

Speaking of the type of natural resources, there are mainly two types of natural resources. These include Renewable and Non-renewable resources. 

Renewable Resources: These are those resources which are endlessly available to humans for several uses. These resources are trees, wind, and water.

Non-Renewable Resources: These resources are available to humans in infinite quantities as they are not renewable and their supply may eventually run out. Minerals and fossil fuels are a few examples.

Also Read: Essay on the Importance of the English Language for Students

Essay on Natural Resources in 100 Words

Natural resources are parts of the natural world that are useful to humans. Renewable resources are those that can be swiftly replenished, these include soil, water, and air., Non-renewable resources are those that need time to recover, such as minerals, oil, natural gas, etc. 

One should note that the survival of all life on Earth depends on natural resources. However, the usage of natural resources in excess use can cause ecosystem disruption. Many nations are taking action these days to protect their natural resources. Natural resources shouldn’t be used for purposes outside our needs. In order to preserve non-renewable resources, we should utilise renewable resources more frequently than non-renewable ones.

Essay on Natural Resources in 150 Words

The organic aspects of nature that contribute to our way of life are known as natural resources. For survival, we rely on natural resources. Natural resources include things like air, water, soil, minerals, crops, etc. Resources like minerals, oil, and other resources are found in non-living organisms and take eons to regenerate. 

The distribution of natural resources is not even. Resources like these are also the primary driver of international trade relations for many nations. However, with time, these natural resources have now been overused by the human mankind beyond their limits. 

However, the unrestricted exploitation of natural resources is a challenge for all nations these days. To control this, a lot of nations are emphasising garbage recycling and employing more renewable resources than non-renewable ones. 

Sustainable development is the use of natural resources for current requirements without wasting them while keeping an eye on the future. It refers to the wise use of natural resources without sacrificing what coming generations will need.

Also Read: Essay on Unity in Diversity in 100 to 200 Words

Essay on Natural Resources in 200 Words

Natural resources are materials found in the environment that humans use to survive.  From the very start, humans have been dependent on these resources. While some of these resources can be restored more rapidly than others, some require more time. Resources like sunlight, water, air, and other renewable resources are readily available and have higher recovery rates than consumption rates.

On the other hand, the formation and processing of non-renewable resources, such as minerals, oil, and natural gas, take a long time. Even the usage rate of these non-renewable resources is higher as compared to the renewable resources. While some natural resources are used immediately, others must first undergo processing.

Even while renewable resources are available in huge quantities, they should also be used responsibly. Both renewable and non-renewable resources require time to be created and processed. Therefore, it is very important for humans to use these resources in a limited quantity and leave some for future generations.

With time, humans are using these resources excessively. With the ever-increasing population, humans have already created a huge impact on the environment. To begin, humans are continuously polluting the air, water and noise. Buildings are being constructed on more land. The land is becoming less valuable in this way. Humans are soon becoming the biggest reason behind depleting natural resources, such as land, water, and air. 

Therefore, we mustn’t undervalue these resources. The moment has come for us to recognise the importance of using these resources sustainably.

Related Articles

Natural Resources are substances which are naturally obtained from nature. Here are the 5 natural resources: Coal, Oil, Natural Gas, Sand, Gems, and Metals.

Renewable resources are natural resources that can be replenished or regenerated at a rate comparable to the rate at which they are consumed or harvested. For example: Solar energy, Wind energy, Biomass, Geothermal energy, etc.

Conserving and saving natural resources is essential for sustainable development and the preservation of the environment. Here are some easy tips to save natural resources: Implementing the 3Rs in daily life; Adopting energy-efficient practices such as using energy-saving appliances; Reducing water wastage by fixing leaks, using water-efficient appliances, and practising mindful water usage in daily activities, etc.

For more information on such interesting topics, visit our essay-writing page and follow Leverage Edu ! 

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Malvika Chawla

Malvika is a content writer cum news freak who comes with a strong background in Journalism and has worked with renowned news websites such as News 9 and The Financial Express to name a few. When not writing, she can be found bringing life to the canvasses by painting on them.

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36.1: Introduction to Natural Resource Economics

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Types of Natural Resources

  • Natural resource economics focuses on the supply, demand, and allocation of the Earth’s natural resources.

learning objectives

  • Analyze natural resource economics and explain the types of natural resources that exist.

Natural Resource Economics

Natural resource economics focuses on the supply, demand, and allocation of the Earth’s natural resources. It’s goal is to gain a better understanding of the role of natural resources in the economy. Learning about the role of natural resources allows for the development of more sustainable methods to manage resources and make sure that they are maintained for future generations.The goal of natural resource economics is to develop an efficient economy that is sustainable in the long-run.

Importance of the Environment : This diagram illustrates how society and the economy are subsets of the environment. It is not possible for societal and economic systems to exist independently from the environment. For this reason, natural resource economics focuses on understanding the role of natural resources in the economy in order to develop a sufficient and sustainable economy that protects natural resources.

Natural resources are derived from the environment. Some of the resources are essential to survival, while others merely satisfy societal wants. Every man-made product in an economy is composed of natural resources to some degree.

There are numerous ways to classify the types of natural resources, they include the source of origin, the state of development, and the renewability of the resources.

In terms of the source of origin, natural resources can be divided into the following types:

  • Biotic: these resources come from living and organic material, such as forests and animals, and include the materials that can be obtained them. Biotic natural resources also include fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum which are formed from organic matter that has decayed.
  • Abiotic: these resources come from non-living and non-organic material. Examples of these resources include land, fresh water, air, and heavy metals (gold, iron, copper, silver, etc.).

Natural resources can also be categorized based on their stage of development including:

  • Potential resources: these are resources that exist in a region and may be used in the future. For example, if a country has petroleum in sedimentary rocks, it is a potential resource until it is actually drilled out of the rock and put to use.
  • Actual resources: these are resources that have been surveyed, their quantity and quality has been determined, and they are currently being used. The development of actual resources is dependent on technology.
  • Reserve resources: this is the part of an actual resource that can be developed profitably in the future.
  • Stock resources: these are resources that have been surveyed, but cannot be used due a lack of technology. An example of a stock resource is hydrogen.

Natural resources are also classified based on their renewability:

  • Renewable natural resources: these are resources that can be replenished. Examples of renewable resources include sunlight, air, and wind. They are available continuously and their quantity is not noticeably affected by human consumption. However, renewable resources do not have a rapid recovery rate and are susceptible to depletion if they are overused.
  • Non-renewable natural resources: these resources form extremely slow and do not naturally form in the environment. A resource is considered to be non-renewable when their rate of consumption exceeds the rate of recovery. Examples of non-renewable natural resources are minerals and fossil fuels.

There is constant worldwide debate regarding the allocation of natural resources. The discussions are centered around the issues of increased scarcity (resource depletion) and the exportation of natural resources as a basis for many economies (especially developed nations). The vast majority of natural resources are exhaustible which means they are available in a limited quantity and can be used up if they are not managed correctly. Natural resource economics aims to study resources in order to prevent depletion.

Natural resource utilization is regulated through the use of taxes and permits. The government and individual states determine how resources must be used and they monitor the availability and status of the resources. An example of natural resource protection is the Clean Air Act. The act was designed in 1963 to control air pollution on a national level. Regulations were established to protect the public from airborne contaminants that are hazardous to human health. The act has been revised over the years to continue to protect the quality of the air and health of the public in the United States.

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Wind : Wind is an example of a renewable natural resource. It occurs naturally in the environment and has the ability to replenish itself. It has also been used as a form of energy development through wind turbines.

Basic Economics of Natural Resources

Natural resource economics focuses on the supply, demand, and allocation of the Earth’s natural resources to create a more efficient economy.

  • Explain basic natural resource economics

Natural resource economics focuses on the supply, demand, and allocation of the Earth’s natural resources. The main objective of natural resource economics is to gain a better understanding of the role of natural resources in the economy. By studying natural resources, economists learn how to develop more sustainable methods of managing resources to ensure that they are maintained for future generations. Economists study how economic and natural systems interact in order to develop an efficient economy.

As a field of academic research, natural resource economics addresses the connections and interdependence between human economies and natural ecosystems. The focus is how to operate an economy within the ecological constraints of the earth’s natural resources.

Natural Resource Economics : This diagram illustrates that society and the economy are subsets of the environment. It is not possible for social and economic systems to exist independently from the environment. Natural resource economics focuses on the demand, supply, and allocation of natural resources to increase sustainability.

Areas of Study

Economists study the commercial and recreational use and exploitation of resources. Traditionally, natural resource economics focused on fishery, forestry, and mineral models. However, in recent years many more topics have become increasingly important, including air, water, and the global climate. Natural resource economics is studied on an academic level, and the findings are used to shape and direct policy-making for environmental issues.

Examples of areas of study in natural resource economics include:

  • welfare theory
  • pollution control
  • resource exhaustibility
  • environmental management
  • resource extraction
  • non-market valuation
  • environmental policy

Additionally, research topics of natural resource economists can include topics such as the environmental impacts of agriculture, transportation and urbanization, land use in poor and industrialized countries, international trade and the environment, and climate change.

Impact of Natural Resource Economics

The findings of natural resource economists are used by governments and organizations to better understand how to efficiently use and sustain natural resources. The findings are used to gain insight into the following environmental areas:

  • Extraction: the process of withdrawing resources from nature. Extractive industries are a basis for the primary sector of the economy. The extraction of natural resources substantially increases a country’s wealth. Economists study extraction rates to make sure that resources are not depleted. Also, if resources are extracted too quickly, the sudden inflow of money can cause inflation. Economists seek to maintain a sense of balance within extraction industries.
  • Depletion: the using up of natural resources, which is considered to be a global sustainable development issue. Many governments and organizations have become increasingly involved in preserving natural resources. Economists provide data to determine how to balance the needs of societies now and preserve resources for the future.
  • Protection: the preservation of natural resources for the future. The findings of economists help governments and organization develop measures of protection to sustain natural resources. Protection policies state the necessary actions internationally, nationally, and individually that must take place to control natural resource depletion that is a result of human activity.
  • Management: the use of natural resources taking into account economic, environmental, and social concerns. This process deals with managing natural resources such as land, water, soil, plants, and animals. Particular focus is placed on how the preservation of natural resources impacts the quality of life now and for future generations.

Externalities and Impacts on Resource Allocation

Production and use of resources can have a positive or negative effect on the allocation of the natural resources.

  • Examine externalities and how they the impact resource allocation of natural resources.

Resource Allocation

Resource allocation is division of goods for the use of production within the economy. The needs and wants of society as well as industries impact what is produced. Suppliers focus on producing the varieties of goods and services that will yield the greatest satisfaction to consumers. In the long run, externalities directly impact resource allocation. It must be determined whether the production, as well as the process of production, creates more benefits that costs for the producers, consumers, and society as a whole.

Externalities

An externality is a cost or benefit that affects a party who did not choose to incur the cost or benefit. In regards to natural resources, production and use of resources can have a positive or negative effect on the allocation of the resources.

External Costs

A negative externality, also called the external cost, imposes a negative effect on a third party to an economic transaction. Many negative externalities impact natural resources negatively because of the environmental consequences of production and use. For example, air pollution from factories and vehicles can cause damage to crops. Likewise, water pollution has a negative impact of plants and animals.

diesel-smoke.jpg

Negative externality : Air pollution from vehicles is an example of a negative externality. It affects other than those who drive the vehicle and those who sell the gas.

In the case of negative externalities, the marginal private cost of consuming a good is less than the marginal social or public cost. The marginal social benefit should equal the marginal social cost (i.e. production should only be increased when the marginal social benefit exceeds the marginal social cost). When external costs are present, the use of natural resources is inefficient because the social benefit is less than the social cost. In other words, society and the natural resources involved would have been better off if the natural resources had not been used at all.

Developed countries use more natural resources and must enact sustainable development plan for the use of resources. Human needs must be met, but the environment and natural resources must be preserved. Examples of resource depletion include mining, petroleum extraction, fishing, forestry, and agriculture.

External Benefits

Positive externalities, also referred to as external benefits, impose a positive effect on a third party. An example of a positive externality is when crops are pollinated by bees from a neighboring bee farm. In order to achieve the socially optimal equilibrium, the marginal social benefit should equal the marginal social cost (i.e. production should be increased as long as the marginal social benefit exceeds the marginal social cost). Assuming that natural resources are used and also sustained, the external benefits of goods produced by natural resources impacts the majority of the public in a positive way.

  • Every man-made product in an economy is composed of natural resources to some degree.
  • Natural resources can be classified as potential, actual, reserve, or stock resources based on their stage of development.
  • Natural resources are either renewable or non-renewable depending on whether or not they replenish naturally.
  • Natural resource utilization is regulated through the use of taxes and permits. The government and individual states determine how resources must be used and they monitor the availability and status of the resources.
  • As a field of academic research, natural resource economics addresses the connections and interdependence between human economies and natural ecosystems.
  • By studying natural resources, economists learn how to develop more sustainable methods of managing resources to ensure that they are maintained for future generations.
  • Natural resource economics is studied on an academic level, and the findings are used to shape and direct policy-making for environmental issues. These issues include resource extraction, depletion, protection, and management.
  • Natural resource economics findings impact policies for environmental work including issues such as extraction, depletion, protection, and management.
  • An externality is a cost or benefit that affects a party who did not choose to incur the cost or benefit.
  • A negative externality, also called the external cost, imposes a negative effect on a third party.
  • When external costs are present, the market equilibrium use of natural resources is inefficient because the social benefit is less than the social cost. In other words, society would have been better off if fewer natural resources had been used.
  • Positive externalities, also referred to as external benefits, imposes a positive effect on a third party.
  • Assuming that natural resources are used and also sustained, the external benefits of goods produced by natural resources impacts the majority of the public in a positive way.
  • natural resource : Any source of wealth that occurs naturally, especially minerals, fossil fuels, timber, etc.
  • Renewable : Sustainable; able to be regrown or renewed; having an ongoing or continuous source of supply; not finite.
  • depletion : The consumption of a resource faster than it can be replenished.
  • sustainable : Able to be sustained for an indefinite period without damaging the environment, or without depleting a resource.
  • externality : An impact, positive or negative, on any party not involved in a given economic transaction or act.

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Natural Resources and Society: Understanding the Complex Relationship Between Humans and the Environment pp 1–8 Cite as

What Are Natural Resources?

  • Mohd Akhter Ali   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5575-1416 5 &
  • M. Kamraju   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-7725 6  
  • First Online: 15 November 2023

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Part of the book series: Earth and Environmental Sciences Library ((EESL))

Natural resources are the materials and substances that occur in nature and are valuable to humans for various purposes. They form the foundation of human societies, supporting our survival, economic activities, and overall well-being. Understanding the concept of natural resources is essential for recognizing their importance, managing them sustainably, and addressing the challenges associated with their use.

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CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity) (1992) Convention on biological diversity. Retrieved from https://www.cbd.int/

FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2012) State of the world’s land and water resources for food and agriculture (SOLAW)—managing systems at risk. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/3/a-i1688e.pdf

FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2020) State of the World’s Forests 2020. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/state-of-forests/en/

IEA (International Energy Agency) (2020) World energy outlook 2020. Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2020

Ramsar Convention (1971) Ramsar convention on wetlands. Retrieved from https://www.ramsar.org/

UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) (2011) Towards a green economy: pathways to sustainable development and poverty eradication. Retrieved from https://www.unep.org/resources/report/towards-green-economy-pathways-sustainable-development-and-poverty-eradication

UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) (2016) The importance of natural resources: the environment for development. Retrieved from https://www.unep.org/resources/report/importance-natural-resources-environment-development

UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) (2019) global environment outlook—GEO-6: healthy planet, healthy people. Retrieved from https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/natural-resources-definition-types-and-examples/

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Department of Geography, University college of science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India

Mohd Akhter Ali

Division of Graduate Studies, Department of Geography, Centre for Economic Studies, Nizamiah Observatory Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

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Ali, M.A., Kamraju, M. (2023). What Are Natural Resources?. In: Natural Resources and Society: Understanding the Complex Relationship Between Humans and the Environment. Earth and Environmental Sciences Library. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46720-2_1

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Natural Resources

What are natural resources.

Natural resources can be defined as the resources that exist (on the planet) independent of human actions.

These are the resources that are found in the environment and are developed without the intervention of humans. Common examples of natural resources include air, sunlight, water, soil, stone, plants, animals and fossil fuels.

Natural resources are naturally occurring materials that are useful to man or could be useful under conceivable technological, economic or social circumstances or supplies drawn from the earth, supplies such as food, building and clothing materials, fertilizers, metals, water and geothermal power. For a long time, natural resources were the domain of the natural sciences.

Table of Contents

Recommended videos, what are the different types of natural resources, difference between renewable and non-renewable resources.

  • The 5 Most Important Natural Resources
  • Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs

natural resources essay pdf

Based on the availability are two types of natural resources :

  • Renewable:  resources that are available in infinite quantity and can be used repeatedly are called renewable resources. Example: Forest, wind, water, etc.
  • Non-Renewable:  resources that are limited in abundance due to their non-renewable nature and whose availability may run out in the future are called non-renewable resources. Examples include fossil fuels, minerals, etc.

The 5 Most Important Natural Resources are:

  • Air: Clean air is important for all the plants, animals and humans to survive on this planet. So, it is necessary to take measures to reduce air pollution.
  • Water: 70% of the Earth is covered in water and only 2 % of that is freshwater. Initiative to educate and regulate the use of water should be taken.
  • Soil: Soil is composed of various particles and nutrients. It helps plants grow.
  • Iron: It is found as mineral silica and is used to build strong weapons, transportation and buildings
  • Forests:  Forests provide clean air and preserve the ecology of the world. Trees are being cut for housing and  construction projects

Frequently Asked Questions – FAQs

What are the key natural resources.

Distribution of the world’s most important natural resources. Other resources include mineral resources such as copper, gold and diamonds, energy resources such as gas, oil, and uranium, as well as agricultural and logging land resources.

What are the uses of natural resources?

Minerals, forest products, water, and soil are just a few of the natural resources that human beings use to produce energy and make use of things. Within a few years or decades, certain natural resources can be replicated. These are referred to as renewable resources.

How do humans depend on natural resources?

Living things need the land’s water, air, and energy, and they live in places with the things they need. For all they do, humans use natural resources.

What are the characteristics of natural resources?

On Earth, it requires sunshine, air, water, land (including all minerals) along with all the plants, crops and animal life which live naturally on or within the characteristics and substances previously identified.

Does recycling save natural resources?

By sustainability, recycling also saves energy and natural resources. We can save natural resources by using materials more than once. Recycling saves trees and water in the case of paper. Growing up to 17 trees saves up to one ton of paper from recycled stock and uses 50 percent less energy.

To learn more download the Natural resources pdf

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Natural Resources Essay for Students and Children

500+ words essay on natural resources.

Mother Nature has given us many wonderful gifts that not only help us to survive but also to live one life in a prosperous way. One of these gifts is a natural resource. Besides, these natural resources help us to make our life easy and comfortable. In addition, they are present in nature in abundance but many of them take time to regenerate.

Natural Resources Essay

Meaning of Natural Resources

A natural resource is not a complex thing basically we can say that everything that we get from nature is a natural resource. Whether it is the sunlight, water, coal, natural gases, minerals, and air. All these things come under natural resources.

Types of Natural resources

The categories and use of every natural resource are different but on a broader level, they are categorized into two categories namely renewable and non-renewable .

Renewable Natural Resources – These are those natural resources that are present in abundance and also renew easily. These include sunlight, water, air, soil, biomass, and wood. But among them, some resources take time to renew like the wood and soil .

In addition, they are derived from living things as well as non-living things. Those resources that we derive from living things are organic renewable resources and those, which we derive from non-living things, are inorganic renewable resources.

Non-Renewable Natural Resources – As the name suggests these resources do not get renewed easily like renewable resources. Also, they take many years to regenerate. These resources include coal, petroleum, natural gases, etc.

Besides, we also categorized into two groups organic and inorganic. The organic non-renewable resources form from the dead bodies of living things and include fossil fuel. While inorganic non-renewable resources form with the non-living things like the wind , minerals, soil, and land.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Distribution of natural resources

The natural resources are unevenly distributed on the surface of the earth. In addition, the different regions of the surface are rich in different varieties of minerals or natural resources. While there are areas that receive an abundance of sunlight, on the contrary, there are areas that receive very little sunlight.

Similarly, some region has a lot of water bodies while others have minerals rich land . Above all, the main factor that influences the uneven distribution of resources is the land type and climate.

This uneven distribution is the major link that connects different countries and facilitates international trade between them. Moreover, it has some bad effects too because the countries rich in fossil fuels control and exploit the market as well as other countries that depend on them for the supply of fuel. Due to this, the rich countries are getting richer and poor countries are getting poorer.

In conclusion, we can say that the earth has a huge stock of natural resources and if we use them sustainably then we can easily save them as well as the planet for some extra time till we completely start using renewable resources. This will also reduce our dependence on non-renewable resources.

Besides, they are important for us because our existence depends on them. Also, we should use them wisely and avoid any 0kind of their wastage.

FAQs about Natural Resources Essay

Q.1 Name a renewable natural resource that we can use for many purposes? A.1 Sunlight is the renewable natural resource that we can use for many purposes like for making electricity, for cooking, heating, making salt from seawater, drying clothes and many more.

Q.2 What is the conservation of natural resources? A.2 Conservation of resources means saving the resources and using them sustainably. Also, it encompasses the quality and quantity of natural resources.

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Largest Compilation of Structured Essays and Exams

Natural Resources Essay | Importance | Download PDF

December 2, 2017 by Study Mentor Leave a Comment

All essential components that man usually exploits for better survival as well as for human welfare, are called resources. Since, all these necessary resources can be found in nature, these are called natural resources.  

Table of Contents

Categories of Natural Resource

Natural resources can be categorized into:  

Non-renewable or Conventional natural resources

These are present in fixed quantities and these resources once exhausted cannot be replenished easily. The natural process of recycling of resources takes a very long time.  

Renewable or Non-Conventional Natural resources

Renewable energy sources capture their energy from existing flows of energy, from ongoing natural processes, such as sunshine, wind, flowing water, biological processes and geothermal heat flows. Renewable energy sources are pollution free and can be recycled in nature.

Most renewable energy other than geothermal and tidal power, ultimately comes from the Sun. Some forms are stored as solar energy, such as rainfall and wind power, which are considered short term solar energy storage, whereas the energy in biomass is accumulated over a period of months as in straw or roughly in many years as in wood.

Capturing renewable energy by plants, animals and human beings does not permanently deplete the resources. Renewable energy resources may be used directly or used to create other more convenient forms of energy.   

Non-renewable resources

Few of the nonrenewable resources include:  

It is formed in several stages as the remains of plants are subjected to intense heat and pressure over millions of years. It is a complex mixture of organic compounds with 30% to 98% carbon by weight plus varying amount of water and small amount of nitrogen and sulfur. Three different grades of coal are commonly extracted from the earth’s lithosphere – lignite, bituminous coal and anthracite.

Peat, which is the first stage of formation of coal, is not actually a coal. It is used for burning in some places but it has low heat content. The most desirable type of coal is anthracite, because of its high heat content and low sulfur content.

Coal is extensively used because of its high heat content, but it usually has a high sulfur content which makes it poisonous. Lignite is the poorest form of coal because of its low heat content. Reserves of lignite and sub-bituminous coal are about 30% smaller than the reserves of anthracite and bituminous coal.  

Crude oil or Petroleum is composed of more than a hundred different hydrocarbon compounds. The refining process separates crude oil into many different commercial products including gases, gasoline, heating oil, diesel oil and asphalt. Crude oil also contains petrochemicals that are the compounds used in the manufacture of fertilizers, plastics, paints, pesticides, medicines, etc.

Petroleum is formed by the decay of tiny marine plants and animals buried in the earth trapped between the layers of sedimentary rocks about 400 million years ago.

The high temperature and pressure of the layers above for a very long time convert gradually these organic debris to what we use today – the petroleum. It is pumped out by drilling holes and by off-shore oil rigs. Petroleum products include – Petroleum Gas (LPG), Petrol, Diesel, Kerosene, Lubrication oil, Paraffin Wax, Asphalt etc.  

Natural Resources essay

Renewable Resources

Few of the renewable resources include:  

The sun is the ultimate source for most other forms of energy. The heat of the sun can be trapped using solar panels to heat water or to convert it into electricity by means of photovoltaic cells. India receives about 6000 billion mega-watts of solar energy per year.

If only one percent of this energy could be trapped at even 10% efficiency, it would be about 35 times that of India’s present energy generation capacity. Until recently, the use of solar cells had been limited due to high manufacturing costs. However, the continual decline of manufacturing costs of solar cells is expanding the range of cost-effective applications.

Systems with no battery that connect to the utility grid through a special inverter now makes up the largest part of the solar electric market. Solar energy can be used for a number of applications like – Domestic lighting, street lighting, village electrification, water pumping, desalinization, powering of remote telecommunication repeater stations, railway signals, and many more.  

Wind, that is air in motion can be harnessed for energy and is one of the cleanest and most versatile natural resource that nature has bestowed upon mankind. It has been used as a source of energy for thousands of years for driving sailboats, grinding grain and pumping water.

Wind turbines that rotate at great speeds when wind blows over them are now used to generate electricity. The best models of electricity generation are the wind farms in Netherland. In India, wind is freely available along the coastline. India has a potential to generate about 45000 mega-watts of electricity from wind.

There are however problems associated with such wind energy farms that include but are not limited to – problems of disruption of television signals, discontinuous power and suspected interference with rainfall.  

Geothermal Energy

It comes from natural heat below the surface of the earth, where hot underground steam can be tapped and bought to the surface. Such geothermal sources have potential in certain parts of the world and about 8000 megawatts of power generation capacity is in operation globally.

There are also prospects in other areas for umping underground water to very hot regions of the earth’s crust and using steam thus produced to generate electricity.

Examples of these geothermal provinces in India are Bakreswar in eastern India, Tattapani in central India, Puga in northern India and Tuwa and Unai in western India. At present geothermal energy is produced in Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh.  

These above mentioned natural resources are gifts of nature given to mankind. However, human beings in their pursuit of industrialization and progress have left no stine unturned for the indiscriminate exploitation of these resources.

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    Conflicts in natural resource governance arises due to factors such as ownership, sharing, intention to capitalize on them, commercialize them, detaching communities from place of habitation among many others. Governance pillars viz. Judiciary, Legislature, Executive and Civil Society play a critical role in establishing the balance between variables and the real time situations. There have ...

  14. Essay on Conservation of Natural Resources for Students in 500 ...

    500+ Words Essay on Conservation of Natural Resources. Natural resources are something that is occurring naturally on Earth. It forms an indispensable part of our lives. It comprises of air, water, sunlight, coal, petroleum, natural gas, fossil fuels, oil, etc. However, they are exploited by humans for economic gain.

  15. Conservation of Natural Resources Essay

    Conservation of Natural Resources Essay - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site.

  16. PDF UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO NATURAL Resources Introduction to ...

    India is the second most populous country in the world and ranks second only to China. In 2004, it had a population of 1,065,070, yielding an average population density of 358 persons per sq.km. (928 per sq.km). An estimated 72 percent of India's inhabitants live in rural areas. The population grew by 21.3 percent between 1990 and 2000.

  17. Natural Resources Essay

    Natural Resources Essay. Introduction Natural resources are the elements that are found naturally and useful. Natural resources include fuels, oil, natural gas, materials and timber. Natural resources could be renewable or non-renewable. Renewable are those resources that are substituted in nature e. animals plants and forests.

  18. DigitalCommons@USU

    DigitalCommons@USU | Utah State University Research

  19. Natural Resources

    Natural resources can be defined as the resources that exist (on the planet) independent of human actions. These are the resources that are found in the environment and are developed without the intervention of humans. Common examples of natural resources include air, sunlight, water, soil, stone, plants, animals and fossil fuels.

  20. Natural Resources Essay for Students and Children

    Renewable Natural Resources - These are those natural resources that are present in abundance and also renew easily. These include sunlight, water, air, soil, biomass, and wood. But among them, some resources take time to renew like the wood and soil. In addition, they are derived from living things as well as non-living things.

  21. Natural Resources Essay

    Natural Resources Essay | Importance | Download PDF. December 2, 2017 by Study Mentor Leave a Comment. All essential components that man usually exploits for better survival as well as for human welfare, are called resources. Since, all these necessary resources can be found in nature, these are called natural resources.