simple java program assignments

• C Program : Remove Vowels from A String | 2 Ways
• C Program : Remove All Characters in String Except Alphabets
• C Program : Sorting a String in Alphabetical Order – 2 Ways
• C Program To Check If Vowel Or Consonant | 4 Simple Ways
• C Program To Check Whether A Number Is Even Or Odd | C Programs
• C Program To Count The Total Number Of Notes In A Amount | C Programs
• C Program To Print Number Of Days In A Month | Java Tutoring
• C Program To Input Any Alphabet And Check Whether It Is Vowel Or Consonant
• C Program To Find Reverse Of An Array – C Programs
• C Program To Check A Number Is Negative, Positive Or Zero | C Programs
• C Program To Find Maximum Between Three Numbers | C Programs
• C Program Inverted Pyramid Star Pattern | 4 Ways – C Programs
• C Program To Check If Alphabet, Digit or Special Character | C Programs
• C Program To Check Whether A Character Is Alphabet or Not
• C Program To Check Character Is Uppercase or Lowercase | C Programs
• C Program To Check Whether A Year Is Leap Year Or Not | C Programs
• C Program To Calculate Profit or Loss In 2 Ways | C Programs
• C Program Area Of Triangle | C Programs
• C Program To Check If Triangle Is Valid Or Not | C Programs
• C Program Find Circumference Of A Circle | 3 Ways
• C Program Area Of Rectangle | C Programs
• X Star Pattern C Program 3 Simple Ways | C Star Patterns
• C Program Area Of Rhombus – 4 Ways | C Programs
• C Program To Check Number Is Divisible By 5 and 11 or Not | C Programs
• C Program Hollow Diamond Star Pattern | C Programs
• Mirrored Rhombus Star Pattern Program In c | Patterns
• C Program Area Of Isosceles Triangle | C Programs
• C Program To Find Area Of Semi Circle | C Programs
• C Program Area Of Parallelogram | C Programs
• C Program Area Of Trapezium – 3 Ways | C Programs
• C Program Area Of Square | C Programs
• C Program Check A Character Is Upper Case Or Lower Case
• C Program To Find Volume of Sphere | C Programs
• C Program to find the Area Of a Circle
• C Program Area Of Equilateral Triangle | C Programs
• Hollow Rhombus Star Pattern Program In C | Patterns
• C Program To Count Total Number Of Notes in Given Amount
• C Program To Calculate Volume Of Cube | C Programs
• C Program To Find Volume Of Cone | C Programs
• C Program To Calculate Perimeter Of Rectangle | C Programs
• C Program To Calculate Perimeter Of Rhombus | C Programs
• C Program Volume Of Cuboid | C Programs
• C Program To Calculate Perimeter Of Square | C Programs
• C Program Count Number Of Words In A String | 4 Ways
• C Program To Search All Occurrences Of A Character In String | C Programs
• C Program To Copy All Elements From An Array | C Programs
• C Program To Left Rotate An Array | C Programs
• C Program To Delete Duplicate Elements From An Array | 4 Ways
• C Program Volume Of Cylinder | C Programs
• C Program To Compare Two Strings – 3 Easy Ways | C Programs
• C Mirrored Right Triangle Star Pattern Program – Pattern Programs
• C Program To Toggle Case Of Character Of A String | C Programs
• C Program To Count Occurrences Of A Word In A Given String | C Programs
• C Square Star Pattern Program – C Pattern Programs | C Programs
• C Program To Remove First Occurrence Of A Character From String
• C Program To Search All Occurrences Of A Word In String | C Programs
• C Program Inverted Right Triangle Star Pattern – Pattern Programs
• C Programs – 500+ Simple & Basic Programming Examples & Outputs
• C Program To Reverse Words In A String | C Programs
• C Program To Delete An Element From An Array At Specified Position | C Programs
• Hollow Square Pattern Program in C | C Programs
• C Program To Find Reverse Of A string | 4 Ways
• C Program To Remove Last Occurrence Of A Character From String
• C Program To Remove Repeated Characters From String | 4 Ways
• C Plus Star Pattern Program – Pattern Programs | C
• Rhombus Star Pattern Program In C | 4 Multiple Ways
• C Program To Check A String Is Palindrome Or Not | C Programs
• C Program Replace First Occurrence Of A Character With Another String
• C Pyramid Star Pattern Program – Pattern Programs | C
• C Program To Sort Even And Odd Elements Of Array | C Programs
• C Program To Search An Element In An Array | C Programs
• C Program To Remove Blank Spaces From String | C Programs
• C Program To Trim Leading & Trailing White Space Characters From String
• C Program Number Of Alphabets, Digits & Special Character In String | Programs
• C Program Replace All Occurrences Of A Character With Another In String
• C Program To Copy One String To Another String | 4 Simple Ways
• C Program To Find Maximum & Minimum Element In Array | C Prorams
• C Program To Find Last Occurrence Of A Word In A String | C Programs
• Merge Two Arrays To Third Array C Program | 4 Ways
• C Program Right Triangle Star Pattern | Pattern Programs
• C Program To Count Frequency Of Each Character In String | C Programs
• C Program To Find Last Occurrence Of A Character In A Given String
• C Program To Find First Occurrence Of A Word In String | C Programs
• C Program To Concatenate Two Strings | 4 Simple Ways
• C Program Find Maximum Between Two Numbers | C Programs
• C Program To Trim White Space Characters From String | C Programs
• C Program Count Number Of Vowels & Consonants In A String | 4 Ways
• C Program To Sort Array Elements In Ascending Order | 4 Ways
• Highest Frequency Character In A String C Program | 4 Ways
• C Program To Count Number Of Even & Odd Elements In Array | C Programs
• C Program To Count Frequency Of Each Element In Array | C Programs
• C Program To Remove First Occurrence Of A Word From String | 4 Ways
• C Program To Count Occurrences Of A Character In String | C Programs
• C Program To Trim Trailing White Space Characters From String | C Programs
• C Program To Put Even And Odd Elements Of Array Into Two Separate Arrays
• C Program To Print All Unique Elements In The Array | C Programs
• C Program To Convert Lowercase String To Uppercase | 4 Ways
• C Program To Print Number Of Days In A Month | 5 Ways
• Diamond Star Pattern C Program – 4 Ways | C Patterns
• C Program To Insert Element In An Array At Specified Position
• C Program To Convert Uppercase String To Lowercase | 4 Ways
• C Program Hollow Inverted Right Triangle Star Pattern
• C Program To Count Number Of Negative Elements In Array
• C Program To Find Sum Of All Array Elements | 4 Simple Ways
• C Program To Sort Array Elements In Descending Order | 3 Ways
• C Program Count Number of Duplicate Elements in An Array | C Programs
• C Program To Remove All Occurrences Of A Character From String | C Programs
• C Program Hollow Inverted Mirrored Right Triangle
• C Program To Input Week Number And Print Week Day | 2 Ways
• C Program To Read & Print Elements Of Array | C Programs
• C Program To Right Rotate An Array | 4 Ways
• C Program To Replace Last Occurrence Of A Character In String | C Programs
• C Program Hollow Mirrored Rhombus Star Pattern | C Programs
• 8 Star Pattern – C Program | 4 Multiple Ways
• C Program To Find Lowest Frequency Character In A String | C Programs
• C Program Half Diamond Star Pattern | C Pattern Programs
• C Program To Find First Occurrence Of A Character In A String
• C Program To Find Length Of A String | 4 Simple Ways
• C Program Hollow Mirrored Right Triangle Star Pattern
• Hollow Inverted Pyramid Star Pattern Program in C
• Right Arrow Star Pattern Program In C | 4 Ways
• C Program To Print All Negative Elements In An Array
• C Program Hollow Right Triangle Star Pattern
• C Program : Check if Two Strings Are Anagram or Not
• C Program : Capitalize First & Last Letter of A String | C Programs
• C Program : Check if Two Arrays Are the Same or Not | C Programs
• Left Arrow Star Pattern Program in C | C Programs
• C Program Inverted Mirrored Right Triangle Star Pattern
• C Program Mirrored Half Diamond Star Pattern | C Patterns
• Hollow Pyramid Star Pattern Program in C
• C Program : Non – Repeating Characters in A String | C Programs
• C Program : Sum of Positive Square Elements in An Array | C Programs
• C Program : To Reverse the Elements of An Array | C Programs
• C Program : Find Longest Palindrome in An Array | C Programs
• C Program Lower Triangular Matrix or Not | C Programs
• C Program : Maximum Scalar Product of Two Vectors
• C Program Merge Two Sorted Arrays – 3 Ways | C Programs
• C Program : Check If Arrays are Disjoint or Not | C Programs
• C Program : Convert An Array Into a Zig-Zag Fashion
• C Program : Minimum Scalar Product of Two Vectors | C Programs
• C program : Find Median of Two Sorted Arrays | C Programs
• C Program : Find Missing Elements of a Range – 2 Ways | C Programs
• C Program Transpose of a Matrix 2 Ways | C Programs
• C Program Patterns of 0(1+)0 in The Given String | C Programs
• C Program : To Find Maximum Element in A Row | C Programs
• C Program : Rotate the Matrix by K Times | C Porgrams
• C Program To Check Upper Triangular Matrix or Not | C Programs
• C Program : Non-Repeating Elements of An Array | C Programs
• C Program : To Find the Maximum Element in a Column
• C Program : Check if An Array Is a Subset of Another Array
• C Program : Rotate a Given Matrix by 90 Degrees Anticlockwise
• C Program Sum of Each Row and Column of A Matrix | C Programs

Learn Java Java Tutoring is a resource blog on java focused mostly on beginners to learn Java in the simplest way without much effort you can access unlimited programs, interview questions, examples

Java programs – 500+ simple & basic programs with outputs.

in Java Programs , Java Tutorials April 20, 2024 Comments Off on Java Programs – 500+ Simple & Basic Programs With Outputs

Java programs: Basic Java programs with examples & outputs. Here we covered over the list of 500+ Java simple programs for beginners to advance, practice & understood how java programming works. You can take a pdf of each program along with source codes & outputs.

In case if you are looking out for C Programs , you can check out that link.

We covered major Simple to basic Java Programs along with sample solutions for each method. If you need any custom program you can contact us.

All of our Sample Java programs with outputs in pdf format are written by expert authors who had high command on Java programming. Even our Java Tutorials are with rich in-depth content so that newcomers can easily understand.

1. EXECUTION OF A JAVA PROGRAM   

Static loading :  A block of code would be loaded into the RAM before it executed ( i.e after being loaded into the RAM it may or may not get executed )

Dynamic loading:   A block of code would be loaded into the RAM only when it is required to be executed.

Note:   Static loading took place in the execution of structured programming languages. EX:  c- language

Java  follows the Dynamic loading

–     JVM would not convert all the statements of the class file into its executable code at a time.

–     Once the control comes out from the method, then it is deleted from the RAM and another method of exe type will be loaded as required.

–     Once the control comes out from the main ( ), the main ( ) method would also be deleted from the RAM. This is why we are not able to view the exe contents of a class file.

Simple Hello Word Program

Out of 500+ Simple & Basic Java Programs: Hello world is a first-ever program which we published on our site. Of course, Every Java programmer or C programmer will start with a “Hello World Program”. Followed by the rest of the programs in different Categories.

Basic Java Programs – Complete List Here

Advanced simple programming examples with sample outputs, string, array programs.

Sort Programs

Conversion Programs:

Star & Number Pattern Programs

Functions of JVM:

• It converts the required part if the bytecode into its equivalent executable code.
• It loads the executable code into the RAM.
• Executes this code through the local operating system.
• Deletes the executable code from the RAM.

We know that JVM converts the class file into its equivalent executable code. Now if a JVM is in windows environment executable code that is understood by windows environment only.

Similarly, same in the case with UNIX or other or thus JVM ID platform dependent.

Java, With the help of this course, students can now get a confidant to write a basic program to in-depth algorithms in C Programming or Java Programming to understand the basics one must visit the list 500 Java programs to get an idea.

Users can now download the top 100 Basic Java programming examples in a pdf format to practice.

But the platform dependency of the JVM is not considered while saying Java is platform independent because JVM is supplied free of cost through the internet by the sun microsystems.

Platform independence :

Compiled code of a program should be executed in any operating system, irrespective of the as in OS in which that code had been generated. This concept is known as platform independence.

• The birth of oops concept took place with encapsulation.
• Any program contains two parts.
• Date part and Logic part
• Out of data and logic the highest priority we have given to data.
• But in a structured programming language, the data insecurity is high.
• Thus in a process, if securing data in structured prog. lang. the concept of encapsulation came into existence.

Note: In structured programming lang programs, the global variable play a vital role.

But because of these global variables, there is data insecurity in the structured programming lang programs. i.e functions that are not related to some variables will have access to those variables and thus data may get corrupted. In this way data is unsecured.

“This is what people say in general about data insecurity. But this is not the actual reason. The actual concept is as follows”.

Let us assume that, we have a ‘C’ program with a hundred functions. Assume that it is a project. Now if any upgradation is required, then the client i.e the user of this program (s/w) comes to its company and asks the programmers to update it according to his requirement.

Now we should note that it is not guaranteed that the programmers who developed this program will still be working with that company. Hence this project falls into the hands of new programmers.

Automatically it takes a lot of time to study. The project itself before upgrading it. It may not be surprising that the time required for writing the code to upgrade the project may be very less when compared to the time required for studying the project.

Thus maintenance becomes a problem.

If the new programmer adds a new function to the existing code in the way of upgrading it, there is no guarantee that it will not affect the existing functions in the code. This is because of global variables. In this way, data insecurity is created.

• To overcome this problem, programmers developed the concept of encapsulation .
• For example, let us have a struc.prog.lang. program with ten global variables and twenty functions.
• It is sure that all the twenty functions will not use all the global variables .

Three of the global variables may be used only by two functions. But in a structured prog. Lang like ‘C’ it is not possible to restrict the access of global variables by some limited no of functions.

Every function will have access to all the global variables.

To avoid this problem, programmers have designed a way such that the variables and the functions which are associated with or operate on those variables are enclosed in a block and that bock is called a class and that class and that class is given a name, Just as a function is given a name.

Now the variables inside the block cannot be called as the local variable because they cannot be called as global variables because they are confined to a block and not global.

Hence these variables are known as instance variables

_______________________________________________________________

Example 2 :

Therefore a class is nothing but grouping data along with its functionalities.

Note 1:  E ncapsulation it’s the concept of binding data along with its corresponding functionalities.

Encapsulations came into existence in order to provide security for the data present inside the program.

Note 2: Any object oriental programming language file looks like a group of classes. Everything is encapsulated. Nothing is outside the class.

• Encapsulation is the backbone of oop languages.
• JAVA supports all the oop concepts ( i.e. encapsulation, polymorphism, inheritance) and hence it is known as an object-oriented programming language.
• C++ breaks the concept of encapsulation because the main ( ) method in a  C++ program is declared outside a class. Hence it is not a pure oop language, in fact, it is a poor oop language.

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50 Java Projects with Source Code for All Skill Levels

By Faraz - February 26, 2024

50 Java projects with complete source code, suitable for beginners to experts. Dive into practical coding with these hands-on examples.

Java, being one of the most popular programming languages globally, offers a vast array of opportunities for enthusiasts to practice and enhance their coding skills. Engaging in practical projects is one of the most effective ways to master Java programming. Here, we'll explore 50 Java projects with source code across different levels of complexity, suitable for beginners, intermediates, and advanced learners.

Table of Contents

Introduction to java projects.

Java projects provide hands-on experience and are instrumental in reinforcing theoretical concepts. They offer a practical understanding of Java's syntax, structure, and functionality. Moreover, working on projects enables developers to tackle real-world problems, fostering creativity and problem-solving skills.

1. Calculator

Houari ZEGAI's Calculator project offers a great opportunity for beginners to delve into Java programming. This simple yet effective project helps learners understand fundamental concepts like variables, operators, and basic user input/output. With clear, commented code, ZEGAI's Calculator is a fantastic starting point for those new to Java development. By studying and tinkering with this project, beginners can grasp core principles while gaining confidence in their coding abilities.

2. Guess the Number Game

The "Guess the Number" game is a classic Java project suitable for programmers of all skill levels. This interactive game challenges players to guess a randomly generated number within a specified range. With simple yet engaging gameplay, the "Guess the Number" project provides an excellent opportunity for beginners to practice essential Java concepts while having fun.

3. Currency Converter

The Currency Converter project is a practical and useful Java application that allows users to convert between different currencies. This project is suitable for programmers at various skill levels, providing an opportunity to apply Java programming concepts in a real-world scenario.

In the Currency Converter project, users input an amount in one currency and select the currency they wish to convert it to. The application then retrieves the latest exchange rates from a reliable source, such as an API, and performs the conversion calculation. By implementing this functionality, learners can gain valuable experience working with APIs, handling user input, and performing mathematical operations in Java.

4. Digital Clock

The Digital Clock project is a straightforward yet engaging Java application that displays the current time in a digital format. This project is suitable for beginners and intermediate programmers alike, offering an opportunity to practice essential Java concepts while creating a useful utility.

In the Digital Clock project, programmers utilize Java's date and time functionality to retrieve the current system time and display it on the screen. By incorporating graphical user interface (GUI) components such as labels and timers, learners can create an interactive clock display that updates in real-time. This hands-on approach allows beginners to familiarize themselves with GUI programming concepts while practicing core Java skills.

5. ToDo App

The ToDo App project is a practical Java application that helps users organize their tasks and manage their daily activities efficiently. This project is suitable for programmers looking to develop their Java skills while creating a useful productivity tool.

In the ToDo App project, users can add tasks to a list, mark them as completed, and remove them as needed. By implementing features such as user input handling, task manipulation, and list management, learners gain valuable experience in Java programming fundamentals. Additionally, this project provides an opportunity to explore concepts like data structures, file handling, and user interface design.

6. QRCodeFX

QRCodeFX is an exciting Java project that allows programmers to generate QR codes dynamically. This project leverages JavaFX, a powerful library for building graphical user interfaces, to create an interactive application for generating and displaying QR codes.

7. Weather Forecast App

The Weather Forecast App project is an exciting Java application that provides users with up-to-date weather information for their location and other selected areas. This project combines Java programming with APIs to create a dynamic and user-friendly weather forecasting tool.

In the Weather Forecast App, users can input their location or select a specific city to view current weather conditions, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, and more. By integrating with a weather API, such as OpenWeatherMap, programmers can retrieve real-time weather data and display it in a clear and visually appealing format.

8. Temperature Converter Tool

The Temperature Converter Tool is a handy Java application that allows users to convert temperatures between different units, such as Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. This project provides a practical opportunity for programmers to develop their Java skills while creating a useful utility for everyday use.

In the Temperature Converter Tool, users can input a temperature value along with the unit of measurement (e.g., Celsius, Fahrenheit, or Kelvin) and select the desired output unit. The application then performs the conversion calculation and displays the result, allowing users to quickly and easily convert temperatures with precision.

9. Word Counter Tool

The Word Counter Tool is a versatile Java application designed to analyze text and provide valuable insights into word frequency and usage. This project offers programmers a practical opportunity to hone their Java skills while creating a useful utility for text analysis.

In the Word Counter Tool, users can input a block of text or upload a text file, and the application will analyze the content to determine the frequency of each word. By utilizing Java's string manipulation capabilities and data structures such as maps or arrays, programmers can efficiently process the text and generate a comprehensive word count report.

10. Scientific Calculator

The Scientific Calculator project is an advanced Java application that provides users with a wide range of mathematical functions and operations beyond basic arithmetic. This project is ideal for programmers looking to expand their Java skills while creating a powerful utility for scientific calculations.

In the Scientific Calculator, users can input mathematical expressions, including functions such as trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions, and the application will evaluate and display the result accurately. By leveraging Java's math libraries and implementing parsing algorithms, programmers can create a robust calculator capable of handling complex mathematical computations with precision.

11. Tic Tac Toe

The Tic Tac Toe project is a classic Java game that provides users with an opportunity to engage in a fun and strategic multiplayer experience. This project is perfect for programmers looking to apply their Java skills while creating an interactive game with simple rules and dynamic gameplay.

In the Tic Tac Toe game, two players take turns marking spaces on a 3x3 grid with their respective symbols (typically X and O), aiming to form a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal line of their symbols before their opponent. By implementing logic to handle user input, validate moves, and check for win conditions, programmers can create a fully functional and enjoyable game experience.

12. Drag and Drop Application

The Drag and Drop Application is a dynamic Java project that enables users to interact with graphical elements by dragging and dropping them across the application's interface. This project provides programmers with an opportunity to explore Java's graphical user interface (GUI) capabilities while creating an intuitive and interactive user experience.

13. Snake Game

The Snake Game project is a classic Java game that provides users with an entertaining and addictive gaming experience. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while creating a dynamic and interactive game with simple yet challenging gameplay mechanics.

In the Snake Game, players control a snake that moves around a grid, consuming food items to grow longer while avoiding collisions with the walls of the grid or the snake's own body. By implementing logic to handle player input, update the snake's position, and detect collisions, programmers can create a compelling and immersive gaming experience.

14. Resume Builder

The Resume Builder project is a practical Java application designed to assist users in creating professional resumes efficiently. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a useful tool for individuals seeking to showcase their qualifications and experiences effectively.

15. Student Management System

The Student Management System project is a comprehensive Java application designed to streamline administrative tasks related to student information and academic records. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a robust and efficient system for managing student data.

In the Student Management System, administrators can perform various tasks such as adding new students, updating existing records, managing course enrollments, and generating reports. By implementing features such as database integration, user authentication, and data validation, programmers can create a reliable and user-friendly platform for organizing and accessing student information.

16. Rock Paper Scissors

The Rock Paper Scissors project is a classic Java game that provides users with a simple yet entertaining gaming experience. This project offers programmers an opportunity to practice their Java skills while creating a fun and interactive game of chance.

In the Rock Paper Scissors game, players compete against the computer by selecting one of three options: rock, paper, or scissors. The winner is determined based on the rules of the game: rock beats scissors, scissors beats paper, and paper beats rock. By implementing logic to handle player input, generate random computer choices, and determine the outcome of each round, programmers can create an engaging gaming experience.

17. Hangman Game

The Hangman Game project is a classic Java game that provides users with a challenging and engaging word-guessing experience. This project offers programmers an opportunity to practice their Java skills while creating a fun and interactive game of wit and strategy.

In the Hangman Game, players attempt to guess a secret word by suggesting letters one at a time. For each incorrect guess, a part of a hangman figure is drawn. The game continues until the player correctly guesses the word or the hangman figure is completed. By implementing logic to handle player input, manage the game state, and select random words, programmers can create an immersive gaming experience.

The Webcam Application project is a Java application designed to interface with a webcam device and capture video or images. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while creating a versatile tool for webcam usage.

19. Attendance Management System

The Attendance Management System project is a comprehensive Java application designed to streamline attendance tracking and management processes in educational institutions or workplaces. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a robust and efficient system for managing attendance records.

In the Attendance Management System, administrators can perform various tasks such as recording attendance, generating attendance reports, managing leave requests, and tracking attendance trends over time. By implementing features such as user authentication, data encryption, and access control, programmers can create a secure and reliable platform for monitoring attendance data.

20. Chess Game

The Chess Game project is a Java application that offers users a classic and strategic gaming experience. This project provides programmers with an opportunity to apply their Java skills while creating a sophisticated and engaging game of chess.

In the Chess Game, players take turns moving their pieces across an 8x8 grid, aiming to capture their opponent's pieces and ultimately checkmate their opponent's king. By implementing logic to handle player input, validate moves, and simulate game states, programmers can create a challenging and immersive gaming experience.

21. Vehicle Rental Management System

The Vehicle Rental Management System is a comprehensive Java application designed to streamline the process of managing vehicle rentals for rental agencies or businesses. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a robust and efficient system for handling rental operations.

In the Vehicle Rental Management System, administrators can perform various tasks such as adding new vehicles to the inventory, managing rental reservations, tracking rental durations and payments, and generating reports. By implementing features such as database integration, user authentication, and data validation, programmers can create a reliable and user-friendly platform for managing vehicle rentals.

22. Quiz App

The Quiz App project is a Java application designed to provide users with an interactive and educational quiz experience. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while creating a dynamic and engaging platform for quiz-taking.

In the Quiz App, users can choose from a variety of quiz topics or categories, such as science, history, literature, or general knowledge. The application presents users with multiple-choice questions related to the selected topic and provides instant feedback on their answers. By implementing logic to handle user input, track scores, and display quiz results, programmers can create an immersive and rewarding quiz experience.

23. Voting Management System

The Voting Management System is a sophisticated Java application designed to facilitate the management of voting processes in elections or organizational decision-making. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a secure and efficient system for managing voting operations.

In the Voting Management System, administrators can oversee various aspects of the voting process, including voter registration, ballot creation, voter authentication, vote counting, and result reporting. By implementing features such as user authentication, encryption algorithms, and audit trails, programmers can create a robust and tamper-resistant platform for conducting fair and transparent elections.

24. Electricity Billing System

The Electricity Billing System is a Java application designed to automate and streamline the process of managing electricity bills for customers. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing an efficient and user-friendly system for billing and invoicing.

In the Electricity Billing System, administrators can perform various tasks such as adding new customers, recording meter readings, calculating electricity consumption, generating bills, and processing payments. By implementing features such as database integration, billing algorithms, and user interfaces, programmers can create a reliable and accurate platform for managing electricity billing operations.

25. Online Shopping Cart (E-Commerce Website)

The Online Shopping Cart project is a comprehensive Java application designed to provide users with a seamless and convenient online shopping experience. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a feature-rich and user-friendly e-commerce platform.

In the Online Shopping Cart, users can browse through a catalog of products, add items to their cart, and proceed to checkout to complete their purchase. By implementing features such as user authentication, product search functionality, shopping cart management, and secure payment processing, programmers can create a robust and reliable platform for online shopping.

26. Online BookStore

The Online Bookstore project is a dynamic Java application that provides users with a convenient platform to browse, search, and purchase books online. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a comprehensive and user-friendly e-commerce platform specifically tailored for books.

In the Online Bookstore, users can explore a vast catalog of books across different genres, authors, and topics. They can easily search for specific titles, view book details, read reviews, and add books to their shopping cart for purchase. By implementing features such as user authentication, secure payment processing, and order management, programmers can create a seamless and enjoyable shopping experience for book enthusiasts.

27. Connect4

The Connect4 Game project is a Java application that offers users a classic and engaging gaming experience. This project provides programmers with an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a strategic and entertaining game of Connect 4.

In the Connect4 Game, two players take turns dropping colored discs into a vertical grid with the goal of connecting four discs of their color horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. By implementing logic to handle player input, validate moves, and detect winning conditions, programmers can create an immersive and challenging gaming experience.

28. Event Management System

The Event Management System is a comprehensive Java application designed to streamline the planning and organization of events for various purposes, such as conferences, weddings, or corporate gatherings. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a versatile and efficient system for managing event logistics.

In the Event Management System, administrators can perform various tasks such as creating event schedules, managing guest lists, coordinating vendors and suppliers, and tracking expenses and budgets. By implementing features such as user authentication, calendar integration, and communication tools, programmers can create a centralized platform for planning and executing events seamlessly.

29. Puzzle Game

The Puzzle Game project is an engaging Java application that challenges users with a variety of mind-bending puzzles to solve. This project provides programmers with an opportunity to apply their Java skills while creating an entertaining and intellectually stimulating gaming experience.

In the Puzzle Game, players are presented with a series of puzzles, each requiring a unique solution or strategy to complete. These puzzles may include logic puzzles, pattern recognition challenges, maze navigation tasks, or spatial reasoning exercises. By implementing logic to generate puzzles, validate player inputs, and track progress, programmers can create a dynamic and immersive gaming experience.

30. Pacman Game

The Pacman Game project is a classic Java application that brings to life the iconic arcade game experience. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while recreating the nostalgic and beloved gameplay of Pacman.

In the Pacman Game, players control the iconic character Pacman as they navigate through a maze, eating pellets and avoiding ghosts. The objective is to clear the maze of all pellets while avoiding contact with the ghosts, which will result in losing a life. By implementing logic to handle player input, control Pacman's movement, and manage ghost behavior, programmers can recreate the thrilling and addictive gameplay of Pacman.

31. Space Invaders Game

The Space Invaders Game project is a thrilling Java application that immerses players in an epic battle against invading alien forces. This project provides programmers with an opportunity to apply their Java skills while recreating the classic arcade gaming experience of Space Invaders.

In the Space Invaders Game, players control a spaceship at the bottom of the screen, tasked with defending Earth from waves of descending alien invaders. The player can move the spaceship horizontally to dodge enemy fire and shoot projectiles to eliminate the invading aliens. By implementing logic to handle player input, manage alien movement patterns, and detect collisions, programmers can recreate the fast-paced and addictive gameplay of Space Invaders.

32. Breakout Game

The Breakout Game project is an exhilarating Java application that challenges players to smash through rows of bricks using a bouncing ball and a paddle. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while recreating the timeless and addictive gameplay of Breakout.

In the Breakout Game, players control a paddle at the bottom of the screen, tasked with bouncing a ball to break through a wall of bricks at the top. The player must maneuver the paddle to keep the ball in play and prevent it from falling off the bottom of the screen. By implementing logic to handle player input, simulate ball movement and collision detection, and manage brick destruction, programmers can recreate the fast-paced and exciting gameplay of Breakout.

33. Tetris Game

The Tetris Game project is an exciting Java application that challenges players to manipulate falling tetrominoes to create complete lines and clear the playing field. This project provides programmers with an opportunity to apply their Java skills while recreating the iconic and addictive gameplay of Tetris.

In the Tetris Game, players control the descent of tetrominoes—geometric shapes composed of four square blocks— as they fall from the top of the screen to the bottom. The player can rotate and maneuver the tetrominoes to fit them into gaps and create solid lines across the playing field. By implementing logic to handle player input, simulate tetromino movement and rotation, and detect line completions, programmers can recreate the fast-paced and challenging gameplay of Tetris.

34. Minesweeper Game

The Minesweeper Game project is a captivating Java application that challenges players to uncover hidden mines on a grid-based playing field while avoiding detonating any of them. This project provides programmers with an opportunity to apply their Java skills while recreating the engaging and strategic gameplay of Minesweeper.

In the Minesweeper Game, players are presented with a grid of squares, some of which conceal hidden mines. The objective is to uncover all the non-mine squares without triggering any mines. Players can reveal the contents of a square by clicking on it, and clues provided by adjacent squares indicate the number of mines in proximity. By implementing logic to handle player input, reveal squares, and detect game-ending conditions, programmers can recreate the challenging and thought-provoking gameplay of Minesweeper.

ChatFx is a Java-based chat application that provides users with a platform to engage in real-time text-based conversations. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while developing a dynamic and interactive chat system.

36. Chrome Dino Game

The Chrome Dino Game Clone project is a Java application inspired by the classic side-scrolling endless runner game found in Google Chrome's offline page. This project offers programmers an opportunity to apply their Java skills while recreating the simple yet addictive gameplay of the Chrome Dino Game.

In the Chrome Dino Game Clone, players control a dinosaur character that automatically runs forward on a desert landscape. The objective is to jump over obstacles such as cacti and birds while avoiding collisions. By implementing logic to handle player input for jumping, detect collisions with obstacles, and generate random obstacle patterns, programmers can recreate the fast-paced and challenging gameplay of the Chrome Dino Game.

37. Web Scraping

Web scraping refers to the process of extracting data from websites. It's a valuable technique for gathering information from the web for various purposes, such as data analysis, market research, or content aggregation. In Java, developers can leverage libraries like Jsoup to perform web scraping efficiently and effectively.

Jsoup is a Java library that provides a convenient API for working with HTML documents. With Jsoup, developers can easily parse HTML, navigate the document structure, and extract relevant data using CSS selectors or DOM traversal methods.

38. Text Editor

A Text Editor is a fundamental tool used for creating, editing, and managing text-based documents. Building a Text Editor application in Java provides an excellent opportunity for programmers to apply their skills while creating a versatile and user-friendly tool for text manipulation.

In Java, developers can leverage libraries like JavaFX to create graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for their applications. JavaFX offers a rich set of features for building interactive and visually appealing desktop applications, making it well-suited for developing a Text Editor.

39. Tender Management System

A Tender Management System is a comprehensive software solution designed to streamline the process of tendering, from initial announcement to final contract award. This system facilitates the entire tender lifecycle, including tender creation, submission, evaluation, and contract management. Building a Tender Management System in Java presents an opportunity for developers to create a powerful tool that enhances efficiency and transparency in the tendering process.

40. Hotel Reservation System

A Hotel Reservation System is a software application designed to streamline the process of booking accommodations and managing reservations for hotels, resorts, or other lodging establishments. Building a Hotel Reservation System in Java provides developers with an opportunity to create a comprehensive solution that enhances the efficiency and customer experience of hotel management.

41. Train Ticket Reservation System

A Train Ticket Reservation System is a software application designed to facilitate the booking of train tickets and management of reservations for railway passengers. Building a Train Ticket Reservation System in Java provides developers with an opportunity to create a comprehensive solution that enhances the efficiency and convenience of train travel.

42. School Management System

A School Management System is a comprehensive software solution designed to streamline various administrative tasks within educational institutions. This system helps manage student information, class schedules, attendance records, grading, and communication between teachers, students, and parents. Building a School Management System in Java provides an efficient way to organize and automate processes, ultimately enhancing the effectiveness of school administration.

43. Banking System

A Banking System is a software application used by financial institutions to manage customer accounts, transactions, and other banking operations. This system facilitates activities such as account management, fund transfers, loan processing, and online banking services. Building a Banking System in Java involves implementing secure and efficient algorithms for managing financial transactions, ensuring data integrity and confidentiality, and providing a seamless user experience for customers.

44. Restaurant Management System

A Restaurant Management System is a software platform used by restaurants and food service establishments to manage various aspects of their operations, including order management, inventory control, table reservations, and billing. This system helps streamline restaurant workflows, improve efficiency, and enhance the dining experience for customers. Building a Restaurant Management System in Java involves designing user-friendly interfaces, integrating with point-of-sale devices, and implementing features such as menu customization, order tracking, and kitchen management.

45. Library Management System

A Library Management System is a software application used by libraries to manage their collections, circulation, and patron services. This system helps librarians track books, manage borrower information, automate check-in and check-out processes, and generate reports on library usage. Building a Library Management System in Java involves designing a database schema to store book and patron information, implementing search and retrieval functionalities, and providing a user-friendly interface for library staff and patrons to interact with the system.

46. Mail Sender

A Mail Sender is a software application used to compose, send, and manage emails. This tool facilitates communication by allowing users to send messages to one or more recipients over email. Building a Mail Sender in Java involves integrating with email protocols such as SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) or using third-party email APIs to handle email delivery and management.

47. 2048 Game

The 2048 Game is a popular single-player puzzle game where players slide numbered tiles on a grid to combine them and create a tile with the number 2048. Building a 2048 Game in Java involves implementing game mechanics such as tile movement, tile merging, scoring, and game over conditions. Developers can use graphical libraries like JavaFX or Swing to create a user interface for the game.

48. Table Generator

A Table Generator is a tool used to create tables or grids with specified dimensions and content. This tool is often used in document preparation, web development, or data analysis to generate structured data displays. Building a Table Generator in Java involves designing a user interface for users to input table parameters such as rows, columns, and content, and then generating the table output dynamically.

49. Health Care Management System

A Health Care Management System is a software application used by healthcare providers to manage patient records, appointments, medical history, and other administrative tasks. This system helps streamline healthcare workflows, improve patient care, and enhance operational efficiency. Building a Health Care Management System in Java involves integrating with healthcare standards such as HL7 (Health Level Seven) for data exchange and implementing features such as patient registration, appointment scheduling, and electronic health record (EHR) management.

50. Energy Saving System

An Energy Saving System is a software application used to monitor, analyze, and optimize energy usage in buildings, facilities, or industrial processes. This system helps identify energy inefficiencies, track energy consumption patterns, and implement strategies to reduce energy consumption and costs. Building an Energy Saving System in Java involves integrating with sensors, meters, and building management systems to collect energy data, performing data analysis to identify energy-saving opportunities, and implementing control algorithms to optimize energy usage in real-time.

Engaging in Java projects with source code is an invaluable aspect of learning and mastering the language. Whether you're a novice aiming to solidify your foundation or an experienced developer seeking to enhance your skills, embarking on practical projects offers a rewarding learning experience. By exploring projects across different levels of complexity, developers can broaden their understanding, tackle challenges, and unleash their creativity in the world of Java programming.

Q1. Where can I find Java projects with source code for beginners?

Beginners can find Java projects on platforms like GitHub, CodeProject, and tutorial websites catering specifically to novice programmers.

Q2. How do Java projects help in learning programming?

Java projects provide hands-on experience, reinforce theoretical concepts, and promote problem-solving skills crucial for mastering programming.

Q3. Are Java projects suitable for advanced developers?

Yes, advanced developers can benefit from Java projects by tackling complex problems, exploring new technologies, and contributing to open-source projects.

Q4. Can I modify existing Java projects to suit my requirements?

Absolutely! Modifying existing Java projects allows developers to customize functionality, experiment with different approaches, and enhance their coding skills.

Q5. Are there online communities for discussing Java projects and seeking help?

Yes, numerous online forums and programming communities exist where developers can share ideas, seek assistance, and collaborate on Java projects.

That’s a wrap!

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Java Coding Practice

What kind of Java practice exercises are there?

How to solve these java coding challenges, why codegym is the best platform for your java code practice.

• Tons of versatile Java coding tasks for learners with any background: from Java Syntax and Core Java topics to Multithreading and Java Collections
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In Java programming, commands are essential instructions that tell the computer what to do. These commands are written in a specific way so the computer can understand and execute them. Every program in Java is a set of commands. At the beginning of your Java programming practice , it’s good to know a few basic principles:

• In Java, each command ends with a semicolon;
• A command can't exist on its own: it’s a part of a method, and method is part of a class;
• Method (procedure, function) is a sequence of commands. Methods define the behavior of an object.

Here is an example of the command:

The command System.out.println("Hello, World!"); tells the computer to display the text inside the quotation marks.

If you want to display a number and not text, then you do not need to put quotation marks. You can simply write the number. Or an arithmetic operation. For example:

Command to display the number 1.

A command in which two numbers are summed and their sum (10) is displayed.

As we discussed in the basic rules, a command cannot exist on its own in Java. It must be within a method, and a method must be within a class. Here is the simplest program that prints the string "Hello, World!".

We have a class called HelloWorld , a method called main() , and the command System.out.println("Hello, World!") . You may not understand everything in the code yet, but that's okay! You'll learn more about it later. The good news is that you can already write your first program with the knowledge you've gained.

Attention! You can add comments in your code. Comments in Java are lines of code that are ignored by the compiler, but you can mark with them your code to make it clear for you and other programmers.

Single-line comments start with two forward slashes (//) and end at the end of the line. In example above we have a comment //here we print the text out

You can read the theory on this topic here , here , and here . But try practicing first!

Explore the Java coding exercises for practicing with commands below. First, read the conditions, scroll down to the Solution box, and type your solution. Then, click Verify (above the Conditions box) to check the correctness of your program.

The two main types in Java are String and int. We store strings/text in String, and integers (whole numbers) in int. We have already used strings and integers in previous examples without explicit declaration, by specifying them directly in the System.out.println() operator.

In the first case “I am a string” is a String in the second case 5 is an integer of type int. However, most often, in order to manipulate data, variables must be declared before being used in the program. To do this, you need to specify the type of the variable and its name. You can also set a variable to a specific value, or you can do this later. Example:

Here we declared a variable called a but didn't give it any value, declared a variable b and gave it the value 5 , declared a string called s and gave it the value Hello, World!

Attention! In Java, the = sign is not an equals sign, but an assignment operator. That is, the variable (you can imagine it as an empty box) is assigned the value that is on the right (you can imagine that this value was put in the empty box).

We created an integer variable named a with the first command and assigned it the value 5 with the second command.

Before moving on to practice, let's look at an example program where we will declare variables and assign values to them:

In the program, we first declared an int variable named a but did not immediately assign it a value. Then we declared an int variable named b and "put" the value 5 in it. Then we declared a string named s and assigned it the value "Hello, World!" After that, we assigned the value 2 to the variable a that we declared earlier, and then we printed the variable a, the sum of the variables a and b, and the variable s to the screen

This program will display the following:

We already know how to print to the console, but how do we read from it? For this, we use the Scanner class. To use Scanner, we first need to create an instance of the class. We can do this with the following code:

Once we have created an instance of Scanner, we can use the next() method to read input from the console or nextInt() if we should read an integer.

The following code reads a number from the console and prints it to the console:

Here we first import a library scanner, then ask a user to enter a number. Later we created a scanner to read the user's input and print the input out.

This code will print the following output in case of user’s input is 5:

More information about the topic you could read here , here , and here .

See the exercises on Types and keyboard input to practice Java coding:

Conditions and If statements in Java allow your program to make decisions. For example, you can use them to check if a user has entered a valid password, or to determine whether a number is even or odd. For this purpose, there’s an 'if/else statement' in Java.

The syntax for an if statement is as follows:

Here could be one or more conditions in if and zero or one condition in else.

Here's a simple example:

In this example, we check if the variable "age" is greater than or equal to 18. If it is, we print "You are an adult." If not, we print "You are a minor."

Here are some Java practice exercises to understand Conditions and If statements:

In Java, a "boolean" is a data type that can have one of two values: true or false. Here's a simple example:

The output of this program is here:

In addition to representing true or false values, booleans in Java can be combined using logical operators. Here, we introduce the logical AND (&&) and logical OR (||) operators.

• && (AND) returns true if both operands are true. In our example, isBothFunAndEasy is true because Java is fun (isJavaFun is true) and coding is not easy (isCodingEasy is false).
• || (OR) returns true if at least one operand is true. In our example, isEitherFunOrEasy is true because Java is fun (isJavaFun is true), even though coding is not easy (isCodingEasy is false).
• The NOT operator (!) is unary, meaning it operates on a single boolean value. It negates the value, so !isCodingEasy is true because it reverses the false value of isCodingEasy.

So the output of this program is:

More information about the topic you could read here , and here .

Here are some Java exercises to practice booleans:

With loops, you can execute any command or a block of commands multiple times. The construction of the while loop is:

Loops are essential in programming to execute a block of code repeatedly. Java provides two commonly used loops: while and for.

1. while Loop: The while loop continues executing a block of code as long as a specified condition is true. Firstly, the condition is checked. While it’s true, the body of the loop (commands) is executed. If the condition is always true, the loop will repeat infinitely, and if the condition is false, the commands in a loop will never be executed.

In this example, the code inside the while loop will run repeatedly as long as count is less than or equal to 5.

2. for Loop: The for loop is used for iterating a specific number of times.

In this for loop, we initialize i to 1, specify the condition i <= 5, and increment i by 1 in each iteration. It will print "Count: 1" to "Count: 5."

Here are some Java coding challenges to practice the loops:

An array in Java is a data structure that allows you to store multiple values of the same type under a single variable name. It acts as a container for elements that can be accessed using an index.

What you should know about arrays in Java:

• Indexing: Elements in an array are indexed, starting from 0. You can access elements by specifying their index in square brackets after the array name, like myArray[0] to access the first element.
• Initialization: To use an array, you must declare and initialize it. You specify the array's type and its length. For example, to create an integer array that can hold five values: int[] myArray = new int[5];
• Populating: After initialization, you can populate the array by assigning values to its elements. All elements should be of the same data type. For instance, myArray[0] = 10; myArray[1] = 20;.
• Default Values: Arrays are initialized with default values. For objects, this is null, and for primitive types (int, double, boolean, etc.), it's typically 0, 0.0, or false.

In this example, we create an integer array, assign values to its elements, and access an element using indexing.

In Java, methods are like mini-programs within your main program. They are used to perform specific tasks, making your code more organized and manageable. Methods take a set of instructions and encapsulate them under a single name for easy reuse. Here's how you declare a method:

• public is an access modifier that defines who can use the method. In this case, public means the method can be accessed from anywhere in your program.Read more about modifiers here .
• static means the method belongs to the class itself, rather than an instance of the class. It's used for the main method, allowing it to run without creating an object.
• void indicates that the method doesn't return any value. If it did, you would replace void with the data type of the returned value.

In this example, we have a main method (the entry point of the program) and a customMethod that we've defined. The main method calls customMethod, which prints a message. This illustrates how methods help organize and reuse code in Java, making it more efficient and readable.

In this example, we have a main method that calls the add method with two numbers (5 and 3). The add method calculates the sum and returns it. The result is then printed in the main method.

All composite types in Java consist of simpler ones, up until we end up with primitive types. An example of a primitive type is int, while String is a composite type that stores its data as a table of characters (primitive type char). Here are some examples of primitive types in Java:

• int: Used for storing whole numbers (integers). Example: int age = 25;
• double: Used for storing numbers with a decimal point. Example: double price = 19.99;
• char: Used for storing single characters. Example: char grade = 'A';
• boolean: Used for storing true or false values. Example: boolean isJavaFun = true;
• String: Used for storing text (a sequence of characters). Example: String greeting = "Hello, World!";

Simple types are grouped into composite types, that are called classes. Example:

We declared a composite type Person and stored the data in a String (name) and int variable for an age of a person. Since composite types include many primitive types, they take up more memory than variables of the primitive types.

See the exercises for a coding practice in Java data types:

String is the most popular class in Java programs. Its objects are stored in a memory in a special way. The structure of this class is rather simple: there’s a character array (char array) inside, that stores all the characters of the string.

String class also has many helper classes to simplify working with strings in Java, and a lot of methods. Here’s what you can do while working with strings: compare them, search for substrings, and create new substrings.

Example of comparing strings using the equals() method.

Also you can check if a string contains a substring using the contains() method.

You can create a new substring from an existing string using the substring() method.

More information about the topic you could read here , here , here , here , and here .

Here are some Java programming exercises to practice the strings:

In Java, objects are instances of classes that you can create to represent and work with real-world entities or concepts. Here's how you can create objects:

First, you need to define a class that describes the properties and behaviors of your object. You can then create an object of that class using the new keyword like this:

It invokes the constructor of a class.If the constructor takes arguments, you can pass them within the parentheses. For example, to create an object of class Person with the name "Jane" and age 25, you would write:

Suppose you want to create a simple Person class with a name property and a sayHello method. Here's how you do it:

In this example, we defined a Person class with a name property and a sayHello method. We then created two Person objects (person1 and person2) and used them to represent individuals with different names.

Here are some coding challenges in Java object creation:

Static classes and methods in Java are used to create members that belong to the class itself, rather than to instances of the class. They can be accessed without creating an object of the class.

Static methods and classes are useful when you want to define utility methods or encapsulate related classes within a larger class without requiring an instance of the outer class. They are often used in various Java libraries and frameworks for organizing and providing utility functions.

You declare them with the static modifier.

Static Methods

A static method is a method that belongs to the class rather than any specific instance. You can call a static method using the class name, without creating an object of that class.

In this example, the add method is static. You can directly call it using Calculator.add(5, 3)

Static Classes

In Java, you can also have static nested classes, which are classes defined within another class and marked as static. These static nested classes can be accessed using the outer class's name.

In this example, Student is a static nested class within the School class. You can access it using School.Student.

More information about the topic you could read here , here , here , and here .

See below the exercises on Static classes and methods in our Java coding practice for beginners:

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50 simple java programs for beginners.

Last Updated on April 18, 2022 by Ria Pathak

1. Write a program in Java to reverse a number. Ans. Extract each digit and keep multiplying with 10 and adding the remainder.

2. Write a program to print all the elements of Fibonacci series. Ans. A Fibonacci series is given by

3. Can you write a program to check whether a number is prime number or not? Ans. Check for all the numbers below the given number that any of them divides the given number or not.

4. Write a program to swap two numbers in Java. Ans. Two ways to do this -with third variable and without third variable.

5. Write a code to print all the first n prime numbers where n will be given as input. Ans.

6. Write a program to find the position of a pair of numbers whose sum is equal to a given sum. Ans. Using two pointer approach.

7. Check if a given number is palindrome or not. Ans. A palindrome is a number which is when reversed give the same number. We find the reverse and check whether it is equal to the given number or not.

8. Write a program to find whether a number is an Armstrong number or not. Ans. Armstrong number – Sum of the cubes of its digit is equal to the number itself. E.g – 153

9. Find the factorial of a given number. Ans.

10. Find the GCD of two numbers in logn time. Ans.

11. Write a program to check whether a year is leap year or not. Ans.

12. Check whether a character inserted is a vowel or consonant. Ans.

13. Can you code the Binary Search Algorithm in Java? Ans.

14. Given two strings find if one of them is an Anagram of the other. Ans. Two strings AA and BB are called anagrams if they consist same characters, but may be in different orders. So, the list of anagrams of CAT are "CAT", "ACT", "TAC", "TCA","ATC" and "CTA".

15. Can you write the Bubble Sort Algorithm? Ans. The idea is to bubble out the greater numbers to the right.

16. Implement the merge Sort algorithm. Ans. This is a Divide and conquer algorithm.

17. Write a program to add two matrices in java. Ans. For example we are just adding two 3×3 matrices here.

18. Write a program to convert decimal to binary. Ans.

19. Write a program to convert decimal to hexd. Ans.

20. Write a program to find the sum of n natural numbers Ans.

21. Write a program to check whether a number is perfect number or not? Ans. The number which is equal to the sum of its divisors is called a perfect number.

22. Write a program to find the lcm of two numbers. Ans.

23. Calculate the average of n numbrs. Ans.

24. Calculate the sum of digits of a given number. Ans.

25. Write a function to calculate the power of a number. Ans.

26. Write a function to substract two matrices. Ans.

27. Write a program to multiply two matrices Ans.

28. Write a program to reverse a string. Ans. We use the string buffer class to easily reverse the string

29. Implement Selection Sort in java. Ans.

30. Write a program to linearly search an element. Ans.

31. Find the length of a Linked List. Ans.

32. Can you reverse a linked list? Ans.

33. Write a program to check whether a LinkedList contains loop. Ans. Using fast and slow pointer. Idea is the fast pointer will meet the slow pointer if there is a loop present in the linked list.

34. Write a program to count the number of words in a string using HashMap. Ans. Split the string at “ ” spaces and count those as words.

35. Write a program to find the duplicate characters in a string. Ans.

36. Can you find the second highest number in given array? Ans.

37. Write a program to remove all spaces from string. Ans. Replace all “ “ characters by “”. public static void main(String[] args) { String str1 = "this string contains spaces"; String str2 = str1.replaceAll("\s", ""); System.out.println(str2); } 38. Write a program to find the first non-repeating character of a string. Ans.

39. Write a program to transpose a matrix. Ans.

40. Print all the substrings of a string. Ans.

41. Given an array of 0’s and 1’s in random order, you need to separate 0’s and 1’s in an array. Ans.

42. Suppose you are given an integer array containing 1 to n but one of the number from 1 to n in the array is missing. You need to provide optimum solution to find the missing number. Ans.

43. You are given an array, find the subarray with a given sum. Ans.

44. Count the frequency of each element in the array. Ans.

45. Find the first repeating element In the array. Ans.

46. You are given an array, find the maximum subarray sum . Ans. We will use Kadane’s algorithm here

47. Write a program to rotate an array by k positions. Ans.

48. Suppose you are given an array, find the peak elements in the array. Ans. A peak element is an element that is greater than its neighbors.

49. Find the middle element of a linked list in one pass. Ans.

50. Write a function to add two numbers represented by two linked list. Ans.

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10 Best Java Projects for Beginners 2024 [With Source Code]

If I could go back in time to help my younger self learn Java, I'd tell him to build more Java projects!

That's exactly why I wrote this article: to share 10 Java projects to help beginners like you.

Whether you’re looking to start a career in Java development or enhance your portfolio, these Java projects are perfect for leveling up your Java skills.

I’ve also personally designed the first three Java projects to be step-by-step tutorials so you can follow along with me to get hands-on and code some cool stuff.

You can think of these tutorial projects as taking a free Java course while growing your Java portfolio!

I'm also regularly adding new Java projects with step-by-step tutorials, so make sure you bookmark this page and check back for the latest Java projects to grow your skills.

Without further ado, let’s dive in and start building with Java!

• 10 Best Java Projects for Beginners in 2024

1. Java Chat Application

What is this Java project?

In this Java project, you'll build a chat application, a dynamic and engaging tool that facilitates real-time communication between users

I've also designed this project to be a step-by-step tutorial so you can follow along with me to build something very cool and very practical.

This project also goes beyond merely creating a functional application; it serves as an excellent example of utilizing Java's networking capabilities and Swing framework to create interactive and responsive desktop applications.

It's a perfect addition to your portfolio, particularly if you're looking to demonstrate your proficiency in Java development, as it showcases essential programming concepts within a context that is both interactive and practically valuable.

So get ready and fire up your favorite Java IDE , and let's get building!

Java Skills Covered:

• Networking Logic: Develop the core logic for establishing client-server connections, including handling multiple client connections simultaneously.
• Dynamic UI Updates: Utilize the Swing framework to dynamically update the chat interface, reflecting messages and user actions in real-time, thus enhancing the overall user experience.
• Event Handling: Manage action and window events to capture user inputs such as sending a message or exiting the chat.
• User Interface Design: Apply principles of Swing GUI design to create a clean, user-friendly interface for the chat application, demonstrating skills in creating appealing desktop applications.
• Multithreading: Implement multithreading to handle concurrent tasks, such as listening for incoming messages while allowing the user to type new messages.
• Best Practices in Java: Write clean, efficient, and well-structured Java code, adhering to best practices for readability, maintainability, and performance.

Build This Java Project Here

2. Java Chess Game

In this project, you will create a fully interactive chess game, a classic strategy game that brings to life the timeless battle between two opposing forces on a checkered board.

I've also designed this Java project to be a step-by-step tutorial so you can follow along with me to build something fun, challenging, and very impressive!

This project also goes beyond creating a basic application; it's about mastering the intricacies of Java's Swing framework to create a visually appealing and user-interactive gaming experience.

It's also a perfect addition to your portfolio, particularly if you want to demonstrate your ability to handle complex logic and state management, problem-solving skills, and an understanding of GUI development.

So, warm up those coding fingers, and let’s get started with this exciting project!

• Game Logic Implementation: Craft the fundamental logic for chess, including piece movements, capturing mechanics, and game-ending conditions like checkmate.
• Graphical User Interface (GUI) Design: Utilize the Swing framework to design and implement a user-friendly and visually appealing interface for the chess game.
• Event-Driven Programming: Manage user interactions through event listeners, enabling players to move pieces, respond to game states, and interact with the game dynamically.
• Advanced State Management: Develop sophisticated game state management to handle the various states of a chess game, including tracking turns, game status, and special moves.
• Problem-Solving: Demonstrate advanced problem-solving abilities in implementing chess rules, strategizing piece movements, and validating legal moves.
• Best Practices in Java: Write clean, efficient, and well-structured Java code, following best practices for software design, maintainability, and GUI development.

3. Java Email Client

In this Java project, you're going to build an email client application, allowing users to interact with their emails through a desktop interface.

This is another Java project that I've designed to be a step-by-step tutorial, so you can follow along with me to build something practical, challenging, and quite cool! I'll also guide you on how to setup your email client to connect with Gmail.

This tutorial is not just about coding; it's about applying Java's powerful capabilities in networking and the Swing framework to craft applications that are both interactive and efficient.

So, stretch out those digits and get started with this exciting project!

• Email Protocols: Learn to use JavaMail API for handling SMTP and IMAP protocols, enabling the sending and receiving of emails.
• Dynamic UI Updates: Utilize the Swing framework to dynamically update the email client interface, reflecting changes in real-time and improving the user experience.
• Event Handling: Implement action listeners to capture user interactions like composing emails, adding attachments, and authenticating users.
• User Interface Design: Employ Swing GUI design to develop a clean, intuitive interface for the email client, showcasing your ability to craft appealing and functional desktop applications.
• Session Management: Handle email session management efficiently, ensuring secure and persistent connections to email servers.
• Best Practices in Java: Write clean, effective, and well-organized Java code, adhering to best practices for code readability, maintainability, and application performance.

4. Brick Breaker Game

This brick breaker game is one of many fun Java projects that has you trying to break bricks at the top of the screen. The player controls a tiny ball placed on a small platform at the bottom of the screen, which can be moved around from left to right using the arrow keys. The goal is to break the bricks without missing the ball with your platform. The project makes use of Java swing and OOPS concepts , among other things.

Source Code

5. Data Visualization Software

Data Visualization has become important as it displays data visually using statistical graphics and scientific visualization, to the point where data visualization software has been created. This project displays the node connectivity in networking in data visualization form. This node connectivity can be located at different locations via mouse or trackpad. 

6. ATM Interface

This somewhat complex Java project consists of five different classes and is a console-based application. When the system starts the user is prompted with a user id and user pin. After entering the details successfully, the ATM functionalities are unlocked. 

7. Web Server Management System

This web server management system project deals with the information, maintenance, and information management of the web server. It covers several concepts, including tracing the physical location of an entity, and identifying URL authorities and names.

8. Airline Reservation System

The project is a web-based one featuring open architecture that keeps up with the dynamic needs of the airline business by the addition of new systems & functionality. The project includes online transactions, fares, inventory, and e-ticket operations.

The software consists of four key modules, i.e., user registration, login, reservation, and cancellation. The app allows communication through a TCP/IP network protocol thereby facilitating the usage of internet & intranet communication globally.

9. Online Book Store

This project is mainly developed for bookstores and shops to digitize the book-purchasing process. The aim is to create an efficient and reliable online bookselling platform. It also records sold and stock books automatically in the database.

10. Snake Game in Java

If you are a ’90s kid or an adult you have probably played this game on your phone. The goal of this game is to make the snake eat the tokens without the snake being touched to the boundary on the screen. Every time the snake eats the token the score is updated. The player loses when the snake touches the boundary and the final score is displayed.

• How To Setup Your Java Environment

Before you start coding in Java, it's essential to have your coding environment properly set up and ready for action.

Being a compiled language that runs on a wide range of devices through the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), Java requires a bit more setup compared to interpreted languages like JavaScript that run directly in web browsers.

Here's how to set up a Java development environment on most operating systems.

Install a Java Development Kit (JDK)

First and foremost, you need the JDK, which includes the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) and the compilers and tools needed to compile and run Java applications.

• Download the JDK: Visit AdoptOpenJDK or Oracle's official Java site to download the JDK. I recommend choosing the LTS (Long-Term Support) version for stability.
• Install the JDK: Run the installer and follow the instructions. Make sure to set the JAVA_HOME environment variable to the JDK installation path and add the JDK's bin directory to your system's PATH . This is crucial for making Java commands accessible from your command line or terminal.

Verify Installation

After setting up, verify that everything is working correctly.

To begin, open a terminal or command prompt and run these commands to check the installed Java and Java compiler versions, respectively:

Then, try creating a simple Java program and compile it using:

Then run it with:

This should confirm your JDK is correctly set up.

Install a Java IDE or Code Editor

You'll need an IDE or code editor that supports Java syntax highlighting and potentially IntelliSense for code completion.

Eclipse, NetBeans, and IntelliJ IDEA are some of the most popular choices and three of my personal favorites.

That said, I'd also consider Visual Studio Code (VSCode) as this is a hugely popular choice among developers for various languages thanks to its extensive and lightweight feature set and vast library of extensions.

If you do go the VSCode route, head to the VSCode extension marketplace and install the ‘Extension Pack for Java’ from Microsoft, and you’ll be good to go.

Install Git [Optional but Recommended]

If you're really new to coding, you might want to skip this step, but even then, I'd really recommend becoming familiar with Git as soon as you can.

If you want the TL-DR, Git is a version control system that lets you track changes in your code and collaborate with others.

While this step is not strictly necessary for Java development, it's a best practice, especially for larger projects or when working in a team.

Simply download Git from the official Git website , and during installation, you can accept most default settings. That said, you might want to choose your preferred text editor and ensure that Git is added to your system's PATH.

• Wrapping Up

And there we have it! If you've taken the time to build these 10 Java projects, you should be feeling much more competent and confident with Java.

You'll also have a burgeoning Java portfolio that's packed full of interesting and practical Java projects, each demonstrating your dedication and abilities.

I also hope you enjoyed following along with my step-by-step tutorial on the first three Java projects!

My motivation with these Java tutorials is to guide you through the nuances of Java development while also giving you hands-on experience that you'd usually only get when taking a Java course.

Here at hackr.io , we're huge fans of project-based learning, so I hope these Java projects have bolstered your confidence and sparked a deeper interest in web development or any other form of Java development.

Remember, the journey doesn't end here!

With new projects and step-by-step tutorials regularly added to this page, be sure to check back often for new opportunities to refine your Java skills and expand your portfolio.

Happy coding!

Want to sharpen up your Java development skills in 2024? Check out:

Udemy's Top Rated Course: Java 17 Masterclass: Start Coding in 2024

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10 Java Projects For Beginners (With Full Tutorials)

When I was just beginning to learn Java , I was looking for some projects to help solidify what I had already learned. I knew I wasn’t the only one, so I compiled a list of 10 of the best Java projects for beginners with full tutorials to boot. Learning to code is only 10% reading and watching videos and 90% hands-on programming. Therefore, this will be one of the best resources as you’re beginning to learn Java.

If you’re just starting out learning Java, you’re probably not programming the next billion-dollar app just yet. Odds are, you’re printing some concatenated strings, making a basic calculator, and playing with loops, arrays, and other logical statements. Yet, I’m sure this level of programming is not the end goal for you. It certainly wasn’t for me.

You may not know this, but Java can be used to create many different types of programs. So it begs the questions: What is Java used for? What has already been created with Java? And finally: What can I create using Java? All of these questions are answered below.

What Is Java Used For?

Java is used to create large-scale web and mobile applications, as well as smaller programs called applets that run on web pages. Java is a general-purpose programming language , so it’s used in a wide array of projects. However, Java has a few unique features compared to other languages which make it more appealing in certain types of projects.

10 Major Projects That Use Java

Many of the most popular web apps and mobile apps are written in Java, among other languages. Java is used in the back end of these projects. However, anything web base will also use HTML and CSS for their front end. The monthly traffic of each project given below is sourced from ahrefs and refers to traffic in the United States. Also, the projects below are listed in no particular order.

Google is a huge international tech company most known for its search engine. The term ‘Google’ has become an actual verb meaning “search for information about (someone or something) on the Internet using the search engine Google.” The search engine has 94+ million page views per month. According to Jeff Nelson , the Product Technology Manager at Google; “There is no single programming language. […] Java, Javascript, C++, Python, Go, Sawzal (a custom logging language), and probably a few other languages are supported.”

YouTube is the most popular sharing platform in the United States. It was created by three former PayPal employees in 2005. YouTube has more monthly traffic in the United States than any other project on this list, with 1.7+ billion page views. The main languages used in the development of YouTube are Java, Javascript, HTML, Python, Go, C, and C++, according to FreelancingGig .

Amazon is primarily an e-commerce business and one of the largest in the world at that. However, they’re also in the cloud computing, streaming, and artificial intelligence space. Amazon’s website has 533+ million monthly users in the United States alone. According to several developers at Amazon, they use front end languages such as HTML, CSS, and Javascript, while the back is created with Java, C++, and Perl.

eBay is another e-commerce business that is better known for its consumer-to-consumer sales but also facilitates business-to-consumer sales. It was founded in 1995 on the brink of the dot com bubble. eBay gets 115+ million page views monthly in the United States. Their back end is created mainly with Java in order to accommodate the scale and security needed for such a massive business, according to High Scalability .

5. Facebook

Facebook is among the largest social media networks in the world. It was first launched in 2004 but didn’t garner mainstream attraction until several updates later. Facebook receives 616+ million pages per month in the United States alone but has billions of users worldwide. According to Chris Piro , a former software engineer at Facebook, “The frontend is written in PHP (programming language). […] Most of the backend services are written in C (programming language), C++ and Java.”

Twitter was founded in 2006, two short years after Facebook, and is second only to Facebook as far as the scale of its userbase. It’s also known as a microblogging platform as tweets are limited to 280 characters. Twitter has 573+ million monthly page views. HTML, CSS, and Javascript (the usual suspects) are used to create Twitter’s front end, while the back end, according to PinProgram , used Java, Scala, Ruby, and C++.

7. LinkedIn

LinkedIn is another social media platform, although it stands out from the previous two. Your profile on LinkedIn is basically a resume, full of your skills and past work history, which makes for more professional networking. LinkedIn has 78+ million monthly page views in the United States. In PinProgram ‘s same article, it’s mentioned that Java, Scala, and Javascript are used in LinkedIn’s back end.

Uber is an American based international ride-sharing service and food-delivery service that was founded just 10 years ago in 2009. They dominate this space with a huge market share and 90+ million active users every month. Uber’s front end uses Javascript for the web and the back end is mostly Java, Python, Go, and Node.js, according to Jérôme Cukier , a software engineer at Uber. Uber’s Android app also uses Java, while their IOS app uses Swift and Objective-C.

Zillow is a web app that allows its users to browse their massive database of commercial, industrial, and residential real estate and even book showings or contact agents. There were 37+ million page views on their site per month this year. Zillow’s back end is configured using mainly Java and Python, according to Stack Overflow and Yalantis .

10. TripAdvisor

TripAdvisor is a web app that allows you to browse millions of restaurants, hotels, and other attractions, as well as read reviews, and even book said services. There were 114+ million page views on their site per month this year. While their front end uses HTML, CSS, and Javascript, the backend of the site uses Java to process the requests in the User Interface (UI). This is according to TripAdvisor’s Technical Operations Teams .

10 Java Projects For Beginners

1. simple banking application.

This simple, beginner-friendly 17-minute tutorial shows how to make a simple banking application that acts as a checking account. It utilizes print statements, if/else statements, strings, ints, methods, loops, and more. Using these techniques, the bank program created allows the user to perform multiple different functions:

• Check your balance
• Make a deposit
• Make a withdrawal
• View the previous transaction
• Calculate Interest
• Exit the application

This is definitely one of the easier projects for a beginner to do once they have learned some fundamental concepts. Be sure to subscribe to the Comp Sci Central YouTube channel !

2. Email Administration Application

This nearly 40-minute tutorial is a little more advanced than the previous yet still at a very basic level. It shows how to make a program that simplifies the process of creating new email accounts for a particular business. This begins to delve into Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) which is the main use of Java.

Once completed, the program should do a few things:

• It should generate a new email based on the employee’s first name, last name, and department. • Generate a random string for their password. • Have set methods to change the password. • Have get methods to display name, email, and mailbox capacity.

3. Student Management System

This project, like the previous one on this list, is from the Master Skills YouTube channel. It’s also just a little bit longer, coming in at nearly 50 minutes . This project is slightly more advanced than the last one and also involves OOP.

Once completed, your program should do a few things:

• Ask the user how many new students will be added to the database. • The user should be prompted to enter a name and year for each student. • The student should have a unique 5-digit id, with the first being their grade level. • The student should have several course options to choose from. • Each course costs $600 to enroll. • The student should be able to check their balance and pay tuition. • The status of the student should show their name, id, courses, and balance.

4. School Management System

This tutorial is much longer than the previous tutorial at nearly 2 hours , but that’s what’s to be expected of a larger, more complex program. Similar to the last tutorial, this is also an OOP program. The objects are the school, the students, and the teachers. The program will not manage everything to do with the school, only its finances.

Once completed, your program should have a few things:

• A school object with teachers, students, revenue, and expenses. • A teacher object with a name, id, and salary. • A student object with a name, id, grade, fees paid, and total fees.

5. Text-Based Adventure Game

This is the last video in a 10-part playlist called: Java For Beginners . If you don’t already know the fundamentals of Java, you could watch the first 9 videos leading up to this one and it would be time very well spent. This tutorial isn’t too long at just under 50 minutes .

This was my favorite game to create because it wasn’t overly challenging and because I’m a big fan of adventure games. This doesn’t involve any Graphical User Interface (GUI) as it’s text-based, but it’s still a fun game to create with Java and even more fun to play.

The premise of the game is that the main character enters a dungeon and chances across 4 different types of enemies at random: a skeleton, a zombie, a warrior, and an assassin. The hero enters the dungeon with 3 health potions and could potentially get more when a monster is defeated. At each turn, the user can either attack, use a potion, or run. This is a great project to start with!

6. Pong Game

Pong is a classic game and it makes for a great project for a beginner Java developer. This tutorial is only about 40 minutes long so it can easily be completed in an evening. Also, this is the first project on this list that functions with a GUI.

Unlike the previous game, this one opens in a new window for the user to interact with, rather than simply interacting in the console. Unfortunately, in this version, you cannot beat the computer and there is no score count. However, I think that’s an opportunity to build upon this Java project and create something even better.

7. Snake Game

Snake is another classic game and similar to number 6 on this list, this tutorial is also brought to you by Krohn – Education . It’s also nearly the same length as the previous Java project that he created at 40 minutes . Additionally, and along with the rest of the game-projects on this list, this project uses a GUI that the game is actually played on. This project is slightly more advanced than the previous one and after the game is done, you’ll be left with a final score.

8. Brick-Breaker Game

If you’re not already familiar with brick-breaker, it’s a game in which the player has a small platform at the bottom of the screen that they can control. The player uses the platform to bounce a ball throughout the screen and break the bricks that are at the top. The more bricks you break, the higher your score. If you miss the ball with your platform, that’s game over. This project, taking only 57 minutes , is a very basic version of that.

9. Flappy Bird Game

The story behind the original Flappy Bird game is pretty amazing if you haven’t heard it already, but I won’t get into that here. As for the gameplay, this modest version for beginners uses a small red dot as the Flappy Bird.

The goal is to control the bird (which is notoriously difficult) and navigate through the spaces between the green pillars. The further you go, the more points you earn. For each pillar you pass through, you earn an additional point. This game plays with more colors than the previous games on this list, giving it a more complete feel. It’s also the longest of the game tutorials, at just over 1 hour .

10. ATM Interface

This is the longest Java tutorial on this list at just over 2 hours , but it’s an excellent project to take on. In addition to being the longest, this is probably the most complex project on this list. So once this ATM Interface is complete, what will it be able to do?

This program is made with 5 different classes: one for the account, the user, the transaction, the bank, and the ATM. Once complete, the program will prompt the user to enter their unique user id to access their account. After that, the user will be prompted to enter their pin number. If entered successfully, they will be granted access to their account. Once inside their account, they will be able to view the balance in the checking and savings account, as well as the following options:

• Show account transactions • Withdraw • Deposit • Transfer • Quit

Tim Statler

Tim Statler is a Computer Science student at Governors State University and the creator of Comp Sci Central. He lives in Crete, IL with his wife, Stefanie, and their cats, Beyoncé and Monte. When he's not studying or writing for Comp Sci Central, he's probably just hanging out or making some delicious food.

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11 Simple Java Projects for Beginners [With Source Code]

This article contains 11 Free Java Projects for Beginners [With Source Code] . Best Free  Java Projects  with source code on java, php, android, spring, hibernate, node.js, angularjs, c programming, html, css, javascript, jquery, ajax, xml, web etc. ‎Online exam project in java will come in our next post. See some ‎JApps (Java Application World) and ‎Fee Reports from the similar articles.

What is Java?

Java is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that was developed and produced by John Gosling in 1995 at Sun Microsystems. It was created with the WORA principle in mind, which stands for “Write Once, Run Anywhere.” Compilated Java code, on the other hand, will run on any platform that supports Java without the need to recompile it.

Java has a wide range of applications in the field of mobile development, with web application development being one of the most common. It also has uses in desktop systems, Web servers and application servers, gaming, and database connections. It also provides assistance in the areas of integrated devices and technical applications.

You can find java projects with source code in this post. Because of the following applications, most developers use it for their projects:

• Object-Oriented
• Platform independent
• Architecture neutral
• Interpreted
• High Performance
• Multithreaded
• Distributed

To know more about Java, Checkout our related articles.

Java IDEs to Start Building Projects

Java IDEs is a good place to start if you want to learn more about IDEs and editors.

Best Free and Simple Java Projects for Beginners

Check out these top Java Project Ideas to help you get started with Java programming and advance your career with these beginner-level Java projects.

1. Smart City Project

The Smart City project provides information about hotels, taxis, air ticket booking, retail specifics, and city news to tourists and other visitors in a city. As a result, it acts as a city guide for travellers. It is a Java-based web-based app that solves the majority of the problems that every new tourist faces while visiting a new location, such as pathfinding, hotel checking, ticket booking, and more.

Source Code:   Smart City Project

2. Currency Converter

We all know that different nations have different currencies, and these currencies fluctuate in value on a regular basis. When transferring funds, people must be aware of the most recent currency exchange rate. As a result, the currency converter is a small Java project that offers a web-based GUI for exchanging/converting money between different currencies. It is built with Ajax, Java servlets, and other web features. Such applications have been used in the fields of industry, stocks, and finance.

3. Number Guessing Game

The fun and simple project “Guess the Number” is a short Java project that allows the user to guess the number created by the machine and includes the steps below:

• The method produces a random number between 1 and 100 from a given set.
• In a shown dialogue box, the user is asked to input their assigned phone number.
• The programme then determines whether the entered number corresponds to the guesses or is higher or lower than the generated number.
• The game begins with the player attempting to guess the number.

You may also provide additional information such as:

• Keeping the number of attempts to a minimum.
• More rounds are being added.
• The score is being shown.
• Points are awarded depending on the number of attempts.

Source Code

4. brick breaker game.

The bricks in the Brick Breaker game are aligned at the top of the frame. The player is portrayed by a small ball that is mounted at the bottom of the screen on a small platform. The platform on the computer can be switched from left to right using the arrow keys on the keyboard. The base is used by the player to keep the ball moving. The target is to smash as many bricks as possible while avoiding hitting the ball with your platform. The project makes extensive use of Java swing, OOPS principles, and other programming techniques.

Source Code:  Brick Breaker Game

5. Data Visualization Software

Data visualisation is the process of creating a presentation and visualising data in a graphical or pictorial format. Since it is closely linked to information graphics and simulation, mathematical graphics, and science visualisation, data visualisation has been an active area of research and growth.

The project uses data visualisation to show node connectivity in networking. The mouse or trackpad may be used to transfer the node connectivity to various positions. The below are the project’s priorities and objectives:

• Knowledge is communicated effectively and clearly through graphical and pictorial means.
• It should be practical as well as attractive.
• It should be able to easily communicate ideas and have necessary insights into large amounts of data and knowledge.

When data is viewed or depicted as charts or graphs rather than report documents, data visualisation software makes it easier for the user to interpret and comprehend the details.

Source Code:  Data Visualization Software

6. ATM Interface

We’ve all seen ATMs in our cities, and they’re all Java-based. This multi-class project is a console-based programme with five distinct levels. The user is asked for their user id and pin when the device first starts up. After successfully entering the information, the ATM’s functions are unlocked. The project requires the following operations to be carried out:

• Transactions History

Source Code:  ATM Interface

7. Web Server Management System

This webserver management system project, dubbed “E-Space,” is concerned with the content, maintenance, and management of the webserver. In today’s world of fast-moving e-Commerce websites, web servers are deemed worthy alternatives for businesses looking to make their goods accessible on the internet.

The project offers options for a company’s online activity by delivering server support for the company.

The below are the project’s goals:

• To determine if the user is an individual, a company, or just another web server.
• Determine the individual’s, company’s, or web server’s physical location.
• Consumers are aware of the protection and privacy policies.
• Determine the URL Authorities and URL Names.
• Maintain customer partnerships with the company’s online services.

Source Code:  Web Server Management System

8. Airline Reservation System

The software is web-based and has an open architecture. This ensures it can adapt to the changing demands of the airline industry by adding new systems and features. Internet transactions, fares, inventory, and e-ticket operations are all part of the initiative.

User authentication, password, reservation, and cancellation are the four main modules of the programme. The software makes connectivity over a TCP/IP network protocol, making internet and intranet communication more accessible across the world.

The below are the project’s key features:

• Ticket reservation and cancellation.
• Device operations are automated.
• Customer service is quick to respond.
• Execute account processing and routeing tasks.
• Keep track with all passengers.

Source Code:  Airline Reservation System

9. Online Book Store

This initiative is mostly designed for bookstores and shops to computerise the book ordering process. This goes as the operating mechanisms of all stores are being digitised as technology advances. The project’s goal is to develop an effective and dependable online bookselling and purchasing network that will benefit both buyers and sellers. It saves time for buyers by allowing entry from anywhere and delivering home delivery.

The proposed web-based project also automatically tracks sold and stock books in the database.

• The Database can only be used by active users.
• Books may be categorised by price, description, and other factors.
• The books that were purchased arrived safely.
• For both the store manager and the client, the project is quick and effective.
• The project must be dependable in order to conduct online transactions.

Source Code:  Online Book Store

10. Snake Game in Java

If you were a kid or an adult in the 1990s, you have most likely played this game on your tablet. Have you ever considered making this game? The aim of this game is to get the snake to consume the tokens that are its food without touching the screen’s boundary. Lastly, the score is changed every time the snake eats the token. When the snake reaches the boundary, the player loses and the final score is shown.

Source Code:   Snake Game in Java

11. Email Application

The Email Application project is ideal if you’re still looking for more java coding experience. In fact, this project is more advanced than the previous one, but it is still a beginner’s project.

The best thing about this project is that you’ll be given requirements much as you are in a real-world project. You’ll also learn how to use OOPs principles like encapsulation to create a random password using the Math.random algorithm. You will be coding basic email operations such as setting the mailbox space. Additionally, you will be setting the alternative email, changing the password, and so on in this simple email programme.

That brings us to the Java projects that we encounter in our daily lives. Be it playing games as well as withdrawing money from ATMs. It can even be shopping online or even reserving an airline ticket Java code helps through all these tasks. Java is a stable and safe language, which is why it is the language of choice for developers working on such projects.

Learning to code in Java opens up a world of possibilities. So get ready and try these projects to improve your Java profile. You may also post a link to your GitHub attempt in the comments section below. Have you tried any other Java ventures that you enjoyed? Let us know and we’ll let the rest of the world know. Good luck.

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• Java Arrays
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Overview of Java

• Introduction to Java
• The Complete History of Java Programming Language
• C++ vs Java vs Python
• How to Download and Install Java for 64 bit machine?
• Setting up the environment in Java
• How to Download and Install Eclipse on Windows?
• JDK in Java
• How JVM Works - JVM Architecture?
• Differences between JDK, JRE and JVM
• Just In Time Compiler
• Difference between JIT and JVM in Java
• Difference between Byte Code and Machine Code
• How is Java platform independent?

Basics of Java

• Java Basic Syntax
• Java Hello World Program
• Java Data Types
• Primitive data type vs. Object data type in Java with Examples
• Java Identifiers

Operators in Java

• Java Variables
• Scope of Variables In Java

Wrapper Classes in Java

Input/output in java.

• How to Take Input From User in Java?
• Scanner Class in Java
• Java.io.BufferedReader Class in Java
• Difference Between Scanner and BufferedReader Class in Java
• Ways to read input from console in Java
• System.out.println in Java
• Difference between print() and println() in Java
• Formatted Output in Java using printf()
• Fast I/O in Java in Competitive Programming

Flow Control in Java

• Decision Making in Java (if, if-else, switch, break, continue, jump)
• Java if statement with Examples
• Java if-else
• Java if-else-if ladder with Examples
• Loops in Java
• For Loop in Java
• Java while loop with Examples
• Java do-while loop with Examples
• For-each loop in Java
• Continue Statement in Java
• Break statement in Java
• Usage of Break keyword in Java
• return keyword in Java
• Java Arithmetic Operators with Examples
• Java Unary Operator with Examples

Java Assignment Operators with Examples

• Java Relational Operators with Examples
• Java Logical Operators with Examples
• Java Ternary Operator with Examples
• Bitwise Operators in Java
• Strings in Java
• String class in Java
• Java.lang.String class in Java | Set 2
• Why Java Strings are Immutable?
• StringBuffer class in Java
• StringBuilder Class in Java with Examples
• String vs StringBuilder vs StringBuffer in Java
• StringTokenizer Class in Java
• StringTokenizer Methods in Java with Examples | Set 2
• StringJoiner Class in Java
• Arrays in Java
• Arrays class in Java
• Multidimensional Arrays in Java
• Different Ways To Declare And Initialize 2-D Array in Java
• Jagged Array in Java
• Final Arrays in Java
• Reflection Array Class in Java
• util.Arrays vs reflect.Array in Java with Examples

OOPS in Java

• Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) Concept in Java
• Why Java is not a purely Object-Oriented Language?
• Classes and Objects in Java
• Naming Conventions in Java
• Java Methods

Access Modifiers in Java

• Java Constructors
• Four Main Object Oriented Programming Concepts of Java

Inheritance in Java

Abstraction in java, encapsulation in java, polymorphism in java, interfaces in java.

• 'this' reference in Java
• Inheritance and Constructors in Java
• Java and Multiple Inheritance
• Interfaces and Inheritance in Java
• Association, Composition and Aggregation in Java
• Comparison of Inheritance in C++ and Java
• abstract keyword in java
• Abstract Class in Java
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• Control Abstraction in Java with Examples
• Difference Between Data Hiding and Abstraction in Java
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• Difference between Inheritance and Polymorphism
• Dynamic Method Dispatch or Runtime Polymorphism in Java
• Difference between Compile-time and Run-time Polymorphism in Java

Constructors in Java

• Copy Constructor in Java
• Constructor Overloading in Java
• Constructor Chaining In Java with Examples
• Private Constructors and Singleton Classes in Java

Methods in Java

• Static methods vs Instance methods in Java
• Abstract Method in Java with Examples
• Overriding in Java
• Method Overloading in Java
• Difference Between Method Overloading and Method Overriding in Java
• Differences between Interface and Class in Java
• Functional Interfaces in Java
• Nested Interface in Java
• Marker interface in Java
• Comparator Interface in Java with Examples
• Need of Wrapper Classes in Java
• Different Ways to Create the Instances of Wrapper Classes in Java
• Character Class in Java
• Java.Lang.Byte class in Java
• Java.Lang.Short class in Java
• Java.lang.Integer class in Java
• Java.Lang.Long class in Java
• Java.Lang.Float class in Java
• Java.Lang.Double Class in Java
• Java.lang.Boolean Class in Java
• Autoboxing and Unboxing in Java
• Type conversion in Java with Examples

Keywords in Java

• Java Keywords
• Important Keywords in Java
• Super Keyword in Java
• final Keyword in Java
• static Keyword in Java
• enum in Java
• transient keyword in Java
• volatile Keyword in Java
• final, finally and finalize in Java
• Public vs Protected vs Package vs Private Access Modifier in Java
• Access and Non Access Modifiers in Java

Memory Allocation in Java

• Java Memory Management
• How are Java objects stored in memory?
• Stack vs Heap Memory Allocation
• How many types of memory areas are allocated by JVM?
• Garbage Collection in Java
• Types of JVM Garbage Collectors in Java with implementation details
• Memory leaks in Java
• Java Virtual Machine (JVM) Stack Area

Classes of Java

• Understanding Classes and Objects in Java
• Singleton Method Design Pattern in Java
• Object Class in Java
• Inner Class in Java
• Throwable Class in Java with Examples

Packages in Java

• Packages In Java
• How to Create a Package in Java?
• Java.util Package in Java
• Java.lang package in Java
• Java.io Package in Java
• Java Collection Tutorial

Exception Handling in Java

• Exceptions in Java
• Types of Exception in Java with Examples
• Checked vs Unchecked Exceptions in Java
• Java Try Catch Block
• Flow control in try catch finally in Java
• throw and throws in Java
• User-defined Custom Exception in Java
• Chained Exceptions in Java
• Null Pointer Exception In Java
• Exception Handling with Method Overriding in Java
• Multithreading in Java
• Lifecycle and States of a Thread in Java
• Java Thread Priority in Multithreading
• Main thread in Java
• Java.lang.Thread Class in Java
• Runnable interface in Java
• Naming a thread and fetching name of current thread in Java
• What does start() function do in multithreading in Java?
• Difference between Thread.start() and Thread.run() in Java
• Thread.sleep() Method in Java With Examples
• Synchronization in Java
• Importance of Thread Synchronization in Java
• Method and Block Synchronization in Java
• Lock framework vs Thread synchronization in Java
• Difference Between Atomic, Volatile and Synchronized in Java
• Deadlock in Java Multithreading
• Deadlock Prevention And Avoidance
• Difference Between Lock and Monitor in Java Concurrency
• Reentrant Lock in Java

File Handling in Java

• Java.io.File Class in Java
• Java Program to Create a New File
• Different ways of Reading a text file in Java
• Java Program to Write into a File
• Delete a File Using Java
• File Permissions in Java
• FileWriter Class in Java
• Java.io.FileDescriptor in Java
• Java.io.RandomAccessFile Class Method | Set 1
• Regular Expressions in Java
• Regex Tutorial - How to write Regular Expressions?
• Matcher pattern() method in Java with Examples
• Pattern pattern() method in Java with Examples
• Quantifiers in Java
• java.lang.Character class methods | Set 1
• Java IO : Input-output in Java with Examples
• Java.io.Reader class in Java
• Java.io.Writer Class in Java
• Java.io.FileInputStream Class in Java
• FileOutputStream in Java
• Java.io.BufferedOutputStream class in Java
• Java Networking
• TCP/IP Model
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
• Differences between IPv4 and IPv6
• Difference between Connection-oriented and Connection-less Services
• Socket Programming in Java
• java.net.ServerSocket Class in Java
• URL Class in Java with Examples

JDBC - Java Database Connectivity

• Introduction to JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)
• JDBC Drivers
• Establishing JDBC Connection in Java
• Types of Statements in JDBC
• JDBC Tutorial
• Java 8 Features - Complete Tutorial

Operators constitute the basic building block of any programming language. Java too provides many types of operators which can be used according to the need to perform various calculations and functions, be it logical, arithmetic, relational, etc. They are classified based on the functionality they provide.

Types of Operators: 

• Arithmetic Operators
• Unary Operators
• Assignment Operator
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
• Ternary Operator
• Bitwise Operators
• Shift Operators

This article explains all that one needs to know regarding Assignment Operators. 

Assignment Operators

These operators are used to assign values to a variable. The left side operand of the assignment operator is a variable, and the right side operand of the assignment operator is a value. The value on the right side must be of the same data type of the operand on the left side. Otherwise, the compiler will raise an error. This means that the assignment operators have right to left associativity, i.e., the value given on the right-hand side of the operator is assigned to the variable on the left. Therefore, the right-hand side value must be declared before using it or should be a constant. The general format of the assignment operator is, 

Types of Assignment Operators in Java

The Assignment Operator is generally of two types. They are:

1. Simple Assignment Operator: The Simple Assignment Operator is used with the “=” sign where the left side consists of the operand and the right side consists of a value. The value of the right side must be of the same data type that has been defined on the left side.

2. Compound Assignment Operator: The Compound Operator is used where +,-,*, and / is used along with the = operator.

Let’s look at each of the assignment operators and how they operate: 

1. (=) operator: 

This is the most straightforward assignment operator, which is used to assign the value on the right to the variable on the left. This is the basic definition of an assignment operator and how it functions. 

Syntax:  

Example:  

2. (+=) operator: 

This operator is a compound of ‘+’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by adding the current value of the variable on the left to the value on the right and then assigning the result to the operand on the left. 

Note: The compound assignment operator in Java performs implicit type casting. Let’s consider a scenario where x is an int variable with a value of 5. int x = 5; If you want to add the double value 4.5 to the integer variable x and print its value, there are two methods to achieve this: Method 1: x = x + 4.5 Method 2: x += 4.5 As per the previous example, you might think both of them are equal. But in reality, Method 1 will throw a runtime error stating the “i ncompatible types: possible lossy conversion from double to int “, Method 2 will run without any error and prints 9 as output.

Reason for the Above Calculation

Method 1 will result in a runtime error stating “incompatible types: possible lossy conversion from double to int.” The reason is that the addition of an int and a double results in a double value. Assigning this double value back to the int variable x requires an explicit type casting because it may result in a loss of precision. Without the explicit cast, the compiler throws an error. Method 2 will run without any error and print the value 9 as output. The compound assignment operator += performs an implicit type conversion, also known as an automatic narrowing primitive conversion from double to int . It is equivalent to x = (int) (x + 4.5) , where the result of the addition is explicitly cast to an int . The fractional part of the double value is truncated, and the resulting int value is assigned back to x . It is advisable to use Method 2 ( x += 4.5 ) to avoid runtime errors and to obtain the desired output.

Same automatic narrowing primitive conversion is applicable for other compound assignment operators as well, including -= , *= , /= , and %= .

3. (-=) operator: 

This operator is a compound of ‘-‘ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by subtracting the variable’s value on the right from the current value of the variable on the left and then assigning the result to the operand on the left. 

4. (*=) operator:

 This operator is a compound of ‘*’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by multiplying the current value of the variable on the left to the value on the right and then assigning the result to the operand on the left. 

5. (/=) operator: 

This operator is a compound of ‘/’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by dividing the current value of the variable on the left by the value on the right and then assigning the quotient to the operand on the left. 

6. (%=) operator: 

This operator is a compound of ‘%’ and ‘=’ operators. It operates by dividing the current value of the variable on the left by the value on the right and then assigning the remainder to the operand on the left. 

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Top 15 Java Project Ideas for Beginners

Programming is like riding a bike; you can read about how to do it all day, but the best way to get started is to practice. A portfolio of programming projects can help you learn coding skills while providing a professional advantage during your job search as well. Specifically, by highlighting more advanced programming projects in your portfolio, you can showcase your skills to recruiters and hiring managers which might help you land your dream job.

Creating a portfolio of projects is important for anyone wanting to enter the industry, and it’s something we cover in our guide to becoming a web developer . In this article, however, we will specifically explore Java projects for beginners.

Java is a great first programming language because it has a broad feature set and is used in a variety of applications, including desktop applications, Android apps, and iOS app development. Java is also in high demand, with 40 percent of respondents in Stack Overflow’s 2020 Developer Survey claiming to use the language.

The projects in this list focus on different skills needed to build out a well-rounded Java skill set; progressing in difficulty as the list continues.

1. Sum A + B

A sum-based project is a great way to get started with Java programming. The project is quite simple — the user will input two numbers (which are treated as the variables A and B), and the program will add them together and present the sum of A + B. This can help you learn to work with methods and integers. JavaTPoint offers a great guide for a Sum A + B project , and working through this type of project can help you become familiar with Java processes.

2. Reversing a String

In Java, strings refer to sequences of characters that behave like an object within the Java environment. It’s a very common and widely used Java data structure, storing data in an array of characters. Creating a simple application that reverses a string can help you understand strings and how they’re used in a Java environment.

For example, creating a program that reverses a string the user enters (e.g., “HELLO” to “OLLEH”). This project has many possible solutions, which is a key concept to understand as you start coding. And, oftentimes the best solution can change depending on the attributes and objective of the project you’re working on.

Check out the guide from JavaTutoring to learn more about reverse-string projects and the multiple solutions available.

3. Number Guessing Game

This is a simple game that can help you get your feet wet with Java. The game is relatively simple — the computer generates a random number, and the user must guess the number. The computer will then let the user know that their guess is too high, too low, or correct. This can be free-form, allowing an unlimited number of guesses, or give the user a set number of guesses before the game ends.

Number guessing games involve some Java programming basics like accepting inputs from the user, creating classes, and using conditional statements. GeeksforGeeks offers a number guessing game walkthrough that can help you get started.

4. Creating a Calculator

Programming a calculator is a great beginning project for people learning many different programming languages, including Java. It’s a great introduction due to its simplicity and covers many of the most basic programming concepts.

This is a great Java project for beginners because you can build your calculator’s functionality as your skills grow. Initially, your calculator might perform basic functions like addition and subtraction, building in geometric expressions and scientific calculations as your skills grow. Later on, you can also build in a more complex user interface.

UMK Games has a Java calculator app development tutorial to help you get started on your project.

5. Simple Banking Application

Creating a basic banking application is a great way to practice your Java skills, as having some grasp of the language will be needed to complete the project.

This project will introduce you to many basic Java concepts like printing, variables, if/else statements, strings, loops, and more. You’ll create an application that allows a user to check a bank balance, deposit money, withdraw money, and exit the interface. Check out this ATM/simple banking app to help you work through this project.

6. Basic Android Application

Java is the basic programming language used for Android applications, and it’s critical for anyone who wants to get into app development. Writing code for a mobile application requires unique tools and ways of thinking about how an app should operate — developing around a keyboard and mouse is very different from developing for taps and swipes.

Coding Android applications requires using an integrated development environment (IDE) called Android Studio . This environment will allow you to code across Android app ecosystems.

Creating a basic mobile application is a great project for people with some Java experience and knowledge. The Android developer community provides a walkthrough on how to create your first app — some basic Java knowledge will be needed to get started.

7. Budget Tracker

Write an application that keeps track of a household’s budget , adding fields for expenses, income, and recurring costs. This is a great project because it can scale with your abilities. As your skills grow, perhaps add a feature that lets the user specify a date range or graph out amounts each month. You can also connect your tracker to an API that inputs the correct tax rate for the user’s location.

This project may appear simple, but it can be directly applied to your life. Have you tried using a budget app but didn’t feel like it had all of the features you wanted? For this project, you can create a custom solution for your needs. You can even create your budget tracker as a smartphone app.

8. Fortune Teller

This is a simple program that can get you started working with web APIs. APIs allow two applications to talk to each other, and they’re an important part of many programming projects. APIs are commonly used in projects that interact with web-based applications, so understanding how to use them can help you become a more accomplished programmer.

Your fortune teller application can check a horoscope and display it to the user depending on their astrological sign. This is a simple application but a great way to learn something new in your Java programming journey.

9. Address Book

This project is a great option to illustrate your skills in developing applications that can interact with databases. Your application should keep track of contacts, their details (e.g., address, phone, email), and notes about each contact in a simple database.

If you’re interested in completing this project, here’s a list of prompts from Re Di School that can help you get started.

10. Currency Converter Program

Currency converters seem relatively simple — you take an amount of one currency and use a conversion rate to find the equivalent amount in another currency. It might not be the most complicated project, but it can teach you valuable skills because currency converter programs require the use of APIs in a slightly more complicated way.

This project is best suited for someone with some knowledge of Java, making it a great intermediate project. Creating a currency converter will require interacting with web APIs to get conversion rates — and then using that information to differentiate between currencies. Medium has an online currency conversion API tutorial to help you along.

11. Create a Chess Game

Chess is an ancient game that also makes for a promising intermediate Java coder project. This project involves creating classes for each element of the game, coding in the rules of chess, and creating an interactive experience for the user.

Recreating chess requires thinking about and planning how to structure the architecture of your code. You’ll need to break down a commonly understood game into its most basic components and then build these components from scratch.

For some ideas on how to build your own chess game, check out the GeeksforGeeks chess tutorial which includes code samples to help you along.

12. Snake Game

Snake is a classic video game that was created in the 1970s, gracing many computers and smartphones over the years. In this game, the player controls a snake, and the objective is to eat as many bits of food as possible. When the snake eats some food, its body grows. If the player hits its body as it moves throughout the map, they lose. This game is a bit more complicated than some previous projects we’ve discussed, making it a great project for intermediate developers.

GeeksforGeeks offers a Snake Game guide that illustrates the thought process, as well as code examples, to help you build your own game.

13. Copycat Project

Once you have some Java skills under your belt, creating a close copy of another program or service can help you learn a wider set of skills. This kind of project can help push you outside your comfort zone while practicing in-demand skills.

Think about which programs you find most useful or that are popular. Consider trying to create a text editor that’s similar to Word or Notepad. Or, you could create a web browser that operates similarly to Chrome or Safari.

While this is a more involved project that will require some level of familiarity with Java, alongside a time commitment to research and plan, the benefits to both your professional portfolio and skill set will be substantial.

14. Contribute to an Open-Source Project

Working with an open-source project is where things start to get “real” — the code you contribute could become part of a real-life piece of software that other people use. Contributing to open-source projects is a great way to build your skills, get experience working in a real-world programming environment, and show off your skills to potential recruiters and employers.

There are many open-source projects available that are always growing and changing. While contributing to an open-source project might feel intimidating at first, don’t feel discouraged. Everyone has to start somewhere, and open-source projects are where a lot of aspiring programmers polish their skills. Furthermore, finding a project with an active community can help you if you get stuck on projects in the future, so it’s well worth the time and energy investment.

GitHub is a great place to find beginner-friendly projects in a variety of languages, including Java. This GitHub Java guide will help you learn more about which projects may be right for you.

15. Build Something You Can Use

The goal of completing side projects is to build something that can be used by others. Once you have some skills under your belt, consider building a program or app that you’ll use during your time at work or school. This will give you the full experience of developing software — figuring out requirements, testing the project, and maintaining it.

What this project will look like depends on your needs. Programming can help you automate boring tasks on your system such as crunching numbers, moving files around, collecting information, or other repetitive tasks. Aspiring programmers who are in school can build tools that help them with homework and test preparation using a flashcard application. Whichever type of project you decide to pursue, you’ll benefit from both the usability of your new program or app, as well as the enhancement of your skills and portfolio.

Are These Projects Too Advanced? Here’s How You Can Get Started With Java to Build Your Portfolio

Jumping straight into a big project can feel intimidating without knowing how to code. Thankfully, there are many options available for anyone who wants to learn programming skills and start working on portfolio projects. The choice that’s right for you will depend on your goals, the amount of time you have to devote to learning, and the budget you have for your educational pursuits.

Traditional Degrees

Independent learning options.

Learning to code in Java can help you get started in a variety of applicable fields, such as engineering and web development. Many of these opportunities are both lucrative and promising in their long-term job security. For example, software developers are projected to see 22 percent job growth by 2029, which is much higher than the average job growth projected for most fields in the United States.

One great way to seize this opportunity is to enroll in a coding bootcamp. These courses can provide you with a broad set of coding-related skills in a relatively short time frame, offering an introduction to crucial skills through hands-on, project-based learning. Bootcamps are also accessible to a variety of prior experience levels — everyone from career upskillers to complete beginners. Columbia Engineering Coding Boot Camp is an excellent example of a well-respected, employer-recognized bootcamp that you may wish to consider, as they offer additional continuation courses covering coding in Java and other in-demand programming languages.

Completing a degree in computer science allows students to learn coding-oriented skills across multiple years of study. Typically, degree programs require four years of full-time study (or longer if a student is only taking classes part-time). Costs vary depending on scholarships that are available and how many credit hours a student needs to graduate.

Computer science degrees can help someone learn a very broad set of skills over multiple years of study. If you’re interested in earning a degree in computer science, consider The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science at Columbia University undergraduate program in computer science .

Alternatively, coders may opt to learn Java coding through self-guided options. There are many independent resources through which to hone Java skills and build a valuable portfolio. These may include free online courses, instructional videos, and educational apps and sites. Such resources are a great option for learning Java coding while simultaneously honing your time management and accountability skills.

One great resource for learning Java on your own is edX’s set of Java courses . Many of these courses are free, and they are based on curricula from highly ranked institutions. Some courses may offer a certificate of completion or a professional certificate for a fee.

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Top 25 Java Projects for Beginners to Practice in 2024

• Jan 01, 2024
• 13 Minutes Read
• Why Trust Us We uphold a strict editorial policy that emphasizes factual accuracy, relevance, and impartiality. Our content is crafted by top technical writers with deep knowledge in the fields of computer science and data science, ensuring each piece is meticulously reviewed by a team of seasoned editors to guarantee compliance with the highest standards in educational content creation and publishing.
• By Arkadyuti Bandyopadhyay

Java is one of the best languages one can learn when stepping into the world of programming. The main reason is that Java is an OOP (Object Oriented Programming) language, making it closer to the real world.

Despite being started in 1992, Java is still being actively used for the development of software across the globe. According to Glassdoor , the national average salary for a Java Developer is around $87,000 in the United States.

Looking at the above statistics you must have understood that becoming a Java developer is not all you have on your plate, applying it to develop and deploy some simple and fun projects is more important to give your resume a push in the software industry.

Before jumping into to practice some amazing Java Projects for Beginners in 2024 , let’s understand briefly why Java is so popular.

Why do Companies prefer Java for building Software?

About 30.55% of professional developers around the world make use of Java programming as their core technology. It  is in much demand in real-world applications because of the following reasons:

• Unlike other programming languages, Java uses both a compiler and an interpreter for the conversion of a high-level language into machine code. 
• Being an object-oriented programming language, Java is much closer to the real world than most other languages, with concepts like Abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
• Java quickly became a favorite of the software industry because it made the development process more efficient and solved the problem of software distribution across platforms.
• Java’s memory management is quite robust by nature. Java handles garbage collection automatically without the user needing to worry about it. 
• Java's usefulness has grown over the years as programmers develop new ways to use it on servers, bringing performance and scalability to a whole new level.

It is often a programmer’s dilemma as to what they can build with the concepts they have learned via some tutorial on the Internet. Good project ideas, especially ones that help boost your portfolio and improve your understanding of the underlying concepts are hard to come by.

Our list suggests some fun Java project ideas for beginners with fresh topics programmers that should get you started.

Why Java Practice Projects are Important?

Java continues to be a programming language that is in much demand. But sadly, just mentioning “I know Java” on your resume isn’t going to be enough, is it? Showing recruiters that you can work your way through Java with some real-world projects is going to look better.

Projects are a way to show that one understands the underlying concepts of the programming language and is ready to apply them to solve real-world problems. Project-based learning helps teach many concepts that the main theory can never teach.

Implementing a few Java practice projects not only demonstrates how Java works behind the scenes but also helps boost the portfolio. These projects don’t have to be very complex; they should be something basic, which puts some of Java’s many features into play.

Best 25 Java Projects for Beginners in 2024

Let's first look at all Java Project Ideas in the list below:

  Bank Management Software

 Temperature Converter

Electricity Billing System

Supermarket Billing Software

Memory Game

Link Shortener

Chatting Application

Digital Clock

Quizzing app

Email-Client Software

 Student Management System

Airline Reservation System

Food Ordering System

 Text-based RPG (role-playing game)

Media Player Application

Currency Converter

Brick Breaker Game

Number Guessing Game

Tic-Tac-Toe Game

Word Counter 

• Online Quiz Platform
• Health and Fitness Tracker
• Appointment Scheduler
• Online Auction System
• Language Learning App

As a beginner, it might be difficult to come up with ideas for projects, that's why we have decided to curate a list of amazing Java projects for beginners.

1) Bank Management Software

Perhaps the simplest software that you can work with is the one that allows you to deal with bank accounts and transactions regarding it. Designing a robust system that allows you to engage in transactions is something that every beginner should get started with.

The proposed system is a web-based project that allows you to do everything a bank would allow you to do naturally. One should be able to deposit money and withdraw money from a particular account as the user desires.

There should be a validation to allow only a particular amount of cash inflows at any time, as well as to allow withdrawals if the balance is sufficient. There should also be the calculation of interest and its addition to the balance every month.

There can be multiple improvements for this project, including adding support for multiple types of accounts. We started with this because it is still one of the most popular Java projects for beginners.

Source code:

2) Temperature Converter

One of the best ways to get started with Java practice projects is by building conversion tools, and what could be simpler than a temperature conversion tool? One already knows the mathematical formula needed for conversion from Fahrenheit to Celsius and from Celsius to Fahrenheit.

In this tool, we have to take input for the value to be converted, do the desired conversion, and then output the converted value. There is also the concept of sanitizing the text being input and displaying an error for incorrect values. There should be a proper error if a non-numerical value is inserted as input.

Source Code:

3) Electricity Billing System

The main task of designing software is to automate something with greater efficiency. In our day-to-day lives, one of the biggest systems that are in dire need of automation is the billing system for electricity.

Till today, bills are generated manually after readings are taken. Work done to automate reading meters and generating bills will go a long way in ensuring work is done in the most efficient way possible while ensuring accuracy in the numbers quoted on the bills.

There are lots of additions that can be done to ensure this remains on top. There aren’t any hard and fast requirements for a flexible mini-project like this one.

4) Supermarket Billing Software

Most supermarkets use software for preparing the final bill before the goods are packed. This software itself can very easily be designed by someone starting in Java. (Note that most of the actual software used for billing in supermarkets uses Java itself).

This billing software sums the amount for individual items and then adds them up to get the final sum that the customer has to pay. The number of individual items and the price of each item should be editable for the user. Also, there should be an option to remove the item from the list altogether.

If one wants to extend their project, one can consider adding an option to export existing bills or implement a way to save previous bills in memory.

5) Memory Game

This might be one of the most unique projects that one can come up with while learning the game. Java’s graphics library allows the design of a wide range of small video games that can easily go up on your resume .

In a memory game, a matrix consisting of a large number of smaller boxes will be available, and the user’s task will be to win the game by matching patterns on particular boxes.

When the user clicks one box, it should show its pattern – if the next box clicked on has a similar pattern, both boxes should remain flipped and the score should be added. If the second box flipped does not have a similar pattern, both boxes should stop showing their pattern.

There is a lot of scope in doing this, and a lot of possible improvements. For instance, there can be a way of storing the number of moves required as well as a leaderboard system for hosting folks that have the best memory possible. 

6) Link Shortener

This might seem like something too basic, but it’s something that should exist on your portfolio (if you want to be a good programmer, that is). A good link shortener does wonders in proving not your skills in Java, but your skills in understanding data structures and algorithms.

Hashing is the main concept required for building something, but the challenge is getting it to run on all browsers and point to the actual page instead of showing an error. There should be some validation to check if the link inserted is a proper link or not, and then the appropriate logic should be applied to “shorten” it.

Oh yes, there should be a proper error telling the user that the link entered isn’t a proper link. One improvement that can be done here is adding some sort of history for the application for storing previously shortened links, and for adding an option to add the shortened link to the clipboard directly.

7) Chatting Application

Wondering what a “chatting” application is doing on a list of beginners' projects about Java? Turns out that Java has quite some intense support for network-based libraries too. However, instead of basic request-based communication, this application will need to communicate through sockets.

There are multiple ways to implement this and is probably one of the best ways for people to learn the networking functionality available with Java. A good GUI works wonders in improving the project and improving its appeal to the users.

However, it would be cool if support could be added for file transfer besides normal chat messages. After all, messaging applications would not have come so far if it wasn’t possible to send songs and funny clips to your friends and family, would it?

8) Digital Clock

Another simple and easy-to-implement project that you can show off is a digital clock. Some knowledge of UI design is needed here if a visually pleasing design is wanted (which does help a lot!). This requires some event handling as well as periodic execution functions to achieve the desired effect.

Extra features such as other modes, including that of a stopwatch and a counter can be made to improve the project’s output. If that itself isn’t challenging enough, adding the option to move between time zones and show the time according to the time zone selected is certainly going to be a challenge.

9) Quizzing app

One of the more subtle project to practice that Java allows one to build is apps. Google built Android to be built on top of the Java ecosystem, allowing all features of the Android OS to build an app. One of the best apps to get started is probably a quiz app for distributing questions to friends!

As for extensions, one can be creative when one wants to improve this project. Authentication for users, export a set of questions from the app for use on other apps with the quiz, an online ranking system based on the number of people who have taken the quiz – the possibilities are endless.

Note that the extensions might require some expertise on the Android platform, which might not be taken upon immediately for most Java beginners. So, if you are more into app development, this is an exciting Java project idea to start with.

10) Email-Client Software

Email has been one of the most important applications of the World Wide Web since its inception. It’s extremely relevant even in today’s world, as most formal conversations take place online via email.

Designing software that allows one to deal with emails not only helps add a decent project to your resume but also allows you to explore some unexplored parts of Java. Designing a proper body with headers and then sending it via a proper channel (SMTP or POP3, depending on the media being sent) is a pretty decent task.

While the main task is to primarily send an email to a destination of the user’s choice, the project can be extended much beyond that. One can add the feature of the creation and storage of drafts for sending them later. And of course, the project becomes a bit more challenging if you need to deal with multimedia as part of the email body as well.

11) Student Management System

This might be something that most people already have seen in their daily lives. You see your teacher recording your attendance on a sheet, putting in feedback, uploading assignments, etc. Combine everything, and everything should be part of one sweet project to add to your portfolio!

A project as big as this should have its functionality split into three main parts depending on the type of user (which is identified at the time of authentication). These users include:

• Students: Students are designed to be consumers. They log in to access their data, download assignments, upload solutions and projects, respond to feedback provided, and so on.
• Teachers: Teachers are designed to be providers. They log in to provide details about students like feedback, update attendance, communicate with the students, upload assignments, and so on.
• Administrator: Administrators are designed to be the hierarchical elements that form the interconnecting bridge between teachers and students. They are the masters of the system; creating and editing account details, managing the mass inflow of information, checking the status of any submissions, and so on.

This project can be highly customizable and only gets more vibrant once more features are added to improve it. The more, the better.

12) Airline Reservation System

One of the best ways to try out the concepts of OOPs for yourself is with this project, probably. We have seen everyday systems where we make reservations or cancellations for flights, haven’t we?

Designing a similar system as a project can be a very good way to add to the resume! The system should be a web-based one allowing all sorts of functionality that a normal reservation system would have fulfilled.

One should be able to make reservations on certain flights after filling in the requisite data. Reservations should be saved somewhere so that they can be accessed again later for a particular user. One should also be able to cancel reservations provided the reservation to be canceled exists, else an error should be displayed.

This project is a thorough test of your database skills as well, as it requires a lot of data to be dumped and fetched at all times.

13) Food Ordering System

We have all eaten out at restaurants or ordered from outside. It takes a long time for the order to be taken and for our food (and later, our bill) to be delivered, right? One piece of well-designed software can help minimize queue times a lot and thus help increase the number of customers served per day.

The main functionality is to allow the user to order food and send it to the particular restaurant for which the order is being taken and show the user their bill. A sophisticated UI and other small features go a long way in improving this project.

14) Text-based RPG (role-playing game)

This might probably be one of the coolest things that one can build if they have decided to venture into Java. The idea is to allow the user to navigate their path in a video-game-based setting. The only concept is that users have to choose their next move at every point in the game.

Depending on the outcome of the move, the next choice is presented continuously till one of the conditions to end the game is triggered, which shows the score of the player and how long they survived.

This project is one of the best suggestions for people to start with, as it has less to nothing to implement, yet can be surprisingly complex to deal with. Think your basics about branching instructions and decision-making statements are good enough? This is one sure-shot way to put it to the test.

The flexibility of this project means that one can design the story of this game and its decisions and outcomes in multiple ways possible. It’s totally up to the user as to how they want to proceed with it.

15) Media Player Application

Java is a language of many merits, including the ability to deal with all types of files. We all have used some sort of media player to listen to songs or watch movies, haven’t we? Designing and creating one such media player is going to be tough, but is something that one can take up if one wants to explore more of the Java language.

A media player application may require extensive Java knowledge before it is successfully made, but it can be very rewarding to figure out how to build one. That is why it is an interesting Java project for new programmers.

This is, again, one of the projects that are extremely flexible by nature. Both an Android application and a desktop application can be designed to work as a media player. There’s also a choice to make it play only audio, or play both audio and video (in synchronization!).

Showing details of the video or audio being played as well as the ability to make playlists should also be something up the to-do list as well.

(Note that this project might take some time to implement as it involves a deep understanding of multithreading as well as file handling).

16) Currency Converter

A very basic Java beginner project that is used to convert a currency from one to another. It has a web-based interface you need to just enter the amount, and the currency to which you want to transform, click enter and you get the output.

The real-life use case for this application is many people use this application basically for business, shares, and finance-related areas where the exchange of currency and money transfer happens daily. You can add multiple currencies by adding the corresponding countries with their current exchange prices in the market.

It is a calculator-type application that is developed using the Ajax, Applet, and web features of Java servlets.

17) Brick Breaker Game

Game applications are the ones that can make your understanding of the Java project better and you would be able to see the essential animation techniques with their integration and can easily experience them. Though this Java project might not be easy for you. Let's understand what this game is about.

This game has a small ball and a small platform at the base and the small ball knocks the bricks taking the help of this small platform at the base. The control of this base is given to the player and the player tries to bounce the ball with this platform.

The number of bricks broken by the ball is the same number of points you scored. i.e., the more you destroy the bricks, the more you score. 

If the ball doesn't bounce by the platform then the player will lose the game. This project is beginner-friendly, and one might use this project in their first-year projects list or can experience the implementation for fun purposes. 

18) Number Guessing Game

It's a very easy game to develop as a Java Developer and easy to understand as well. The only functionality provided by this application is there will be a range of numbers specified to the users, and users have to just guess the number.

If the number guessed is correct, then the player wins, else loses. You can restrict the count of guessing the numbers for the users to make this more interesting and fun. 

This is a web-based application where there will be an input provided to the user and they to just guess the number in the given range and a time clock will be there. If the guessed number is correct: the player Wins ! or Loses!

If the guess value is close to the correct value, you might provide the user with a pop-up of too-close value! You need to know about Random Class in Java to make this game.

19) Tic-Tac-Toe Game

It's a very famous game that you all must be aware of. It is developed using GUI (Graphical User Interface) in Java. Players generally prefer this kind of game when they’re bored and want something to play that is quick and easy. 

This game application has a 3x3 box displayed on the screen. The first person who starts the game has to enter either X or O for any one box, followed by the other player entering the other X or O. This continues unless any one of them gets a line cut either diagonally or straight. And the person who finds the line is the winner of the game. 

But you first need to have an understanding of Java Swing, Java GUI (Graphical User Interface), and JFrame.

20) Word Counter 

This application tells you the exact number of words used in the pasted paragraph by the user in the input. A simple project for beginners is good to start. It can be built using Swing in Java. This is a counting-word application Java-based project.

Remember, our childhood days when we were asked to write an essay on a given topic where the word length should be 500 or 1000? This application comes with a feature that could help you.

You can further add functionalities like showcasing the number of characters, words, and paragraphs it has. Also, it is completely free to use and there’s no word count limit. 

21) Online Quiz Platform

An online quiz platform can be built in Java that helps us access a diverse range of quizzes on various subjects and topics. The platform offers an interactive interface where we can select quizzes, attempt questions, receive instant feedback, and track their progress.

We can add the following features to this quiz platform:

• User Authentication: Users can create accounts, log in securely, and access quizzes based on their preferences.
• Quiz Selection: Users can choose quizzes from multiple categories such as science, mathematics, history, etc.
• Interactive Quiz Interface : Engaging user interface for displaying questions, multiple-choice answers, and providing immediate feedback.
• Scoring and Progress Tracking: Users can view their scores, track their progress, and review past quiz attempts.
• Admin Panel: Administrators can manage quizzes, add new questions, and analyze user statistics.

22) Health and Fitness Tracker

In today’s age when everyone is concerned too much about their health, a Health and Fitness Tracker can be developed in Java that serves as an invaluable tool for individuals striving for a healthier lifestyle.

The Health and Fitness Tracker is a Java-based application designed to assist users in monitoring their daily activities, nutritional intake, and overall fitness progress. It offers a comprehensive dashboard where users can input data and track their health goals.

It can help us in many ways, like:

• Personalized Health Monitoring: Users can tailor the tracker to their specific health needs and goals.
• Motivation and Accountability: The visual representation of progress serves as motivation to stay committed to a healthy lifestyle.
• Data-Driven Insights: Analyze tracked data to gain insights into habits, patterns, and areas for improvement.

23) Appointment Scheduler

Efficiently managing appointments and schedules is essential in various fields, from healthcare to business. An Appointment Scheduler developed in Java can streamline the process, ensuring organized and optimized time management.

The Appointment Scheduler application in Java provides a user-friendly platform for scheduling and managing appointments. It caters to various industries where appointment booking and management are critical.

We can implement this in simple steps:

• User Authentication and Role Management: Use frameworks like Spring Security for authentication and authorization. Implement different user roles (admin, staff, clients/customers).
• Database Setup: Use MySQL or PostgreSQL to store user details, appointment schedules, and related data.
• Utilize JavaFX for a visually appealing calendar view.
• Implement functionalities to schedule appointments and display them in the calendar.
• Search and Filter Functionality: Implement features for users to search for available slots based on date/time or service type.

24) Online Auction System

Online auctions have transformed commerce by providing a platform for buying and selling goods. Developing an Online Auction System using Java enables users to engage in exciting bidding experiences. The Online Auction System in Java offers a virtual marketplace where users can bid on items, sellers can list products, and an auctioneer manages the bidding process.

The following features can be implemented in this application:

• User Registration and Authentication: Secure login/signup for buyers, sellers, and admin roles.
• Product Listings: Sellers can add products with descriptions, images, and starting bid prices.
• Bidding Mechanism: Buyers can place bids, receive notifications on higher bids, and track auction progress.
• Auction Management: Admin panel to oversee auctions, close/open bidding, and manage listings.
• Payment Integration: Integration with payment gateways for secure transactions.
• Feedback and Rating : Users can leave feedback and rate sellers/buyers after successful transactions.

25) Language Learning App

Learning a new language opens doors to new cultures and opportunities. A Language Learning App developed in Java provides an interactive platform for users to master a new language.

The Language Learning App offers a user-friendly interface with various tools and exercises to aid users in language acquisition.

We can follow the below steps to implement it:

• User Registration and Profile Creation: Allow users to register and create profiles, select their target language, and set learning goals.
• Design structured lessons covering vocabulary, grammar, listening, speaking, and writing exercises.
• Create interactive quizzes to assess language proficiency.
• Implement speech recognition features for pronunciation practice.
• Set up community forums for users to interact and practice language skills.
• Implement a system to track user progress with stats and achievements.
• Utilize MySQL or SQLite for database management.
• Develop backend functionalities for user data storage and retrieval.

Which Projects are Best for New Programmers?

It’s a lot of projects, isn’t it? That should be enough to get started with. Of course, even among these projects, some are easier than others. Like always, it’s wise to build stepping stones while learning any language. The mantra is to get started with the easier projects, and then move on to bigger and better ones as one’s understanding of the language improves.

The recommendation for new programmers making a project for the first time is to get started with the projects like the temperature converter, the digital clock, the link shortener, or the memory game . These are the most simple Java project ideas for beginners.

They have pretty straightforward requirements and don’t require a huge amount of time to build or code. Once the beginner projects are pretty much done and dusted, it’s time to move on to slightly bigger and better stuff.

The intermediate projects include stuff like the chatting application, the text-based role-playing game, the supermarket billing software, or the email client software. These projects are slightly more complex and require some time investment before they can be completed.

Projects like the Online quiz platform, appointment scheduler, electricity billing system, or the student management system can be done next. These have requirements that are mostly tailored for different situations, hence it might require some research.

However, if you face problems with any of the above projects, or you need Java homework help , our experts are always ready to help you.

However good of a programmer you are, no one will be convinced about your skills unless you can show off a practical demonstration of the same. Nothing’s better than getting started with a few simple Java projects for beginners to show that you have some hold over the implementation of real-world applications.

Remember, it’s much more difficult to break into the programming world if you don’t have practical experience in coding. Coding a few Java practice projects helps mitigate this, and opens the doors for employment!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1) what are some good java projects.

If you are a beginner then you can start with some Java projects like Bank Management Software, Electricity Billing System, Temperature Converter, and Supermarket Billing Software. We can also build a Digital Clock, Quizzing App, Email-Client Software, Student Management System, Airline Management System, or Food Ordering System.

2) Why do we need to build Java projects?

Projects are important for developing core Java skills and it also helps to shine your resume. If you are a beginner, projects are a way to show that you understand the underlying concepts of the programming language and are ready to apply them to solve real-world problems.

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Java is an object-oriented programming language. The core concept of the object-oriented approach is to break complex problems into smaller objects.

An object is any entity that has a state and behavior . For example, a bicycle is an object. It has

• States : idle, first gear, etc
• Behaviors : braking, accelerating, etc.

Before we learn about objects, let's first know about classes in Java.

A class is a blueprint for the object. Before we create an object, we first need to define the class.

We can think of the class as a sketch (prototype) of a house. It contains all the details about the floors, doors, windows, etc. Based on these descriptions we build the house. House is the object.

Since many houses can be made from the same description, we can create many objects from a class.

• Create a class in Java

We can create a class in Java using the class keyword. For example,

Here, fields ( variables ) and methods represent the state and behavior of the object respectively.

• fields are used to store data
• methods are used to perform some operations

For our bicycle object, we can create the class as

In the above example, we have created a class named Bicycle . It contains a field named gear and a method named braking() .

Here, Bicycle is a prototype. Now, we can create any number of bicycles using the prototype. And, all the bicycles will share the fields and methods of the prototype.

Note : We have used keywords private and public . These are known as access modifiers. To learn more, visit Java access modifiers .

• Java Objects

An object is called an instance of a class. For example, suppose Bicycle is a class then MountainBicycle , SportsBicycle , TouringBicycle , etc can be considered as objects of the class.

Creating an Object in Java

Here is how we can create an object of a class.

We have used the new keyword along with the constructor of the class to create an object. Constructors are similar to methods and have the same name as the class. For example, Bicycle() is the constructor of the Bicycle class. To learn more, visit Java Constructors .

Here, sportsBicycle and touringBicycle are the names of objects. We can use them to access fields and methods of the class.

As you can see, we have created two objects of the class. We can create multiple objects of a single class in Java.

Note : Fields and methods of a class are also called members of the class.

• Access Members of a Class

We can use the name of objects along with the . operator to access members of a class. For example,

In the above example, we have created a class named Bicycle . It includes a field named gear and a method named braking() . Notice the statement,

Here, we have created an object of Bicycle named sportsBicycle . We then use the object to access the field and method of the class.

• sportsBicycle.gear - access the field gear
• sportsBicycle.braking() - access the method braking()

We have mentioned the word method quite a few times. You will learn about Java methods in detail in the next chapter.

Now that we understand what is class and object. Let's see a fully working example.

• Example: Java Class and Objects

In the above program, we have created a class named Lamp . It contains a variable: isOn and two methods: turnOn() and turnOff() .

Inside the Main class, we have created two objects: led and halogen of the Lamp class. We then used the objects to call the methods of the class.

• led.turnOn() - It sets the isOn variable to true and prints the output.
• halogen.turnOff() - It sets the isOn variable to false and prints the output.

The variable isOn defined inside the class is also called an instance variable. It is because when we create an object of the class, it is called an instance of the class. And, each instance will have its own copy of the variable.

That is, led and halogen objects will have their own copy of the isOn variable.

Example: Create objects inside the same class

Note that in the previous example, we have created objects inside another class and accessed the members from that class.

However, we can also create objects inside the same class.

Here, we are creating the object inside the main() method of the same class.

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Computer Graphics

Software Engineering

Web Technology

Cyber Security

C Programming

Control System

Data Mining

Data Warehouse