bachelor thesis news

Think of yourself as a member of a jury, listening to a lawyer who is presenting an opening argument. You'll want to know very soon whether the lawyer believes the accused to be guilty or not guilty, and how the lawyer plans to convince you. Readers of academic essays are like jury members: before they have read too far, they want to know what the essay argues as well as how the writer plans to make the argument. After reading your thesis statement, the reader should think, "This essay is going to try to convince me of something. I'm not convinced yet, but I'm interested to see how I might be."

An effective thesis cannot be answered with a simple "yes" or "no." A thesis is not a topic; nor is it a fact; nor is it an opinion. "Reasons for the fall of communism" is a topic. "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe" is a fact known by educated people. "The fall of communism is the best thing that ever happened in Europe" is an opinion. (Superlatives like "the best" almost always lead to trouble. It's impossible to weigh every "thing" that ever happened in Europe. And what about the fall of Hitler? Couldn't that be "the best thing"?)

A good thesis has two parts. It should tell what you plan to argue, and it should "telegraph" how you plan to argue—that is, what particular support for your claim is going where in your essay.

Steps in Constructing a Thesis

First, analyze your primary sources.  Look for tension, interest, ambiguity, controversy, and/or complication. Does the author contradict himself or herself? Is a point made and later reversed? What are the deeper implications of the author's argument? Figuring out the why to one or more of these questions, or to related questions, will put you on the path to developing a working thesis. (Without the why, you probably have only come up with an observation—that there are, for instance, many different metaphors in such-and-such a poem—which is not a thesis.)

Once you have a working thesis, write it down.  There is nothing as frustrating as hitting on a great idea for a thesis, then forgetting it when you lose concentration. And by writing down your thesis you will be forced to think of it clearly, logically, and concisely. You probably will not be able to write out a final-draft version of your thesis the first time you try, but you'll get yourself on the right track by writing down what you have.

Keep your thesis prominent in your introduction.  A good, standard place for your thesis statement is at the end of an introductory paragraph, especially in shorter (5-15 page) essays. Readers are used to finding theses there, so they automatically pay more attention when they read the last sentence of your introduction. Although this is not required in all academic essays, it is a good rule of thumb.

Anticipate the counterarguments.  Once you have a working thesis, you should think about what might be said against it. This will help you to refine your thesis, and it will also make you think of the arguments that you'll need to refute later on in your essay. (Every argument has a counterargument. If yours doesn't, then it's not an argument—it may be a fact, or an opinion, but it is not an argument.)

This statement is on its way to being a thesis. However, it is too easy to imagine possible counterarguments. For example, a political observer might believe that Dukakis lost because he suffered from a "soft-on-crime" image. If you complicate your thesis by anticipating the counterargument, you'll strengthen your argument, as shown in the sentence below.

Some Caveats and Some Examples

A thesis is never a question.  Readers of academic essays expect to have questions discussed, explored, or even answered. A question ("Why did communism collapse in Eastern Europe?") is not an argument, and without an argument, a thesis is dead in the water.

A thesis is never a list.  "For political, economic, social and cultural reasons, communism collapsed in Eastern Europe" does a good job of "telegraphing" the reader what to expect in the essay—a section about political reasons, a section about economic reasons, a section about social reasons, and a section about cultural reasons. However, political, economic, social and cultural reasons are pretty much the only possible reasons why communism could collapse. This sentence lacks tension and doesn't advance an argument. Everyone knows that politics, economics, and culture are important.

A thesis should never be vague, combative or confrontational.  An ineffective thesis would be, "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe because communism is evil." This is hard to argue (evil from whose perspective? what does evil mean?) and it is likely to mark you as moralistic and judgmental rather than rational and thorough. It also may spark a defensive reaction from readers sympathetic to communism. If readers strongly disagree with you right off the bat, they may stop reading.

An effective thesis has a definable, arguable claim.  "While cultural forces contributed to the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe, the disintegration of economies played the key role in driving its decline" is an effective thesis sentence that "telegraphs," so that the reader expects the essay to have a section about cultural forces and another about the disintegration of economies. This thesis makes a definite, arguable claim: that the disintegration of economies played a more important role than cultural forces in defeating communism in Eastern Europe. The reader would react to this statement by thinking, "Perhaps what the author says is true, but I am not convinced. I want to read further to see how the author argues this claim."

A thesis should be as clear and specific as possible.  Avoid overused, general terms and abstractions. For example, "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe because of the ruling elite's inability to address the economic concerns of the people" is more powerful than "Communism collapsed due to societal discontent."

Copyright 1999, Maxine Rodburg and The Tutors of the Writing Center at Harvard University

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Four Theses on Fake News

Fake news undermines free speech culture by impairing our ability to develop and express our thoughts. To fix the problem, w e need to police intent rather than content.

Was Twitter right to ban former President Trump for spreading lies about election fraud? Should Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene have been stripped of her committee roles? Did the Parler app deserve to be shut down for providing a platform to echo all those lies? And what should we do about Facebook, the Death Star of fake news?

We are struggling to answer these questions. A big reason why is that we still do not have a clear understanding of what fake news is, why it is bad, and how we can fix it. Here are four theses that might be of some help:

1.) Fake News is not Free Speech

Fake news requires the intent to deceive others about some current event or issue. It is speech produced by a person or organization who does not believe what the speech conveys, and yet they intend to convince others of its truth. This is why not all false news is fake news. People may accidentally say untrue or misleading things, but they are not thereby generating fake news.

What, then, is wrong with fake news? The problem is not just that a few liars are ruining social media feeds. The deeper problem is that fake news undermines our free speech culture. That may initially seem flat out false: after all, fake news is an exercise of free speech, not an abridgment of it. But that is not the case. To see why, we need to appreciate the moral reasons for protecting freedom of speech.

Freedom of speech gives us the ability to think and speak freely. As UCLA Professor Seana Shiffrin argues, we are morally justified in protecting the freedom of speech because it is necessary for us to live flourishing human lives. Developing and expressing our thoughts is an essential part of living well, and freedom of speech creates the environment in which that is possible. Freedom of speech opens the so-called marketplace of ideas where we come to understand the world and our place in it. Without free speech culture, our lives would be truly impoverished.

Fake news undermines our free speech culture because it impairs our ability to develop and express our thoughts. It does so by polluting public discourse with speech that is deliberately deceptive. In such an environment, sincere speech is not only harder to come by, but also harder to trust. It is more difficult for us to believe and to be believed. And, as Hannah Arendt points out, this imperils our capacity to think: “a people that no longer can believe anything cannot make up its mind. It is deprived not only of its capacity to act but also of its capacity to think and to judge.”

2.) Fake is Worse Than False

Fake news is likely worse than misinformation in two respects. First, the fake news uttered from some soapbox will often reverberate through the echo chambers until it comes out as something no longer just said, but believed. A lie from the Rose Garden becomes gospel at the dinner table. Second, and more importantly, fake news has a much greater corroding effect on free speech culture. Americans worry not so much that the media are accidentally wrong, but that they are willfully biased. According to a recent poll by Gallup and the Knight Foundation,  “Americans perceive inaccurate news to be intentional – either because the reporter is misrepresenting the facts (52%) or making them up entirely (28%).” While every society can tolerate some degree of insincerity and deception, in America the well of trust has become almost unpotable.

3.) Police Intent, not Content

How, then, do we fix the problem of fake news? We need to police intent rather than content. We do that by authorizing agencies and institutions to regulate and disincentivize deceptive information masquerading as news. Whether those agencies are governmental or corporate is an open question. But, contrary to thinking by folks like Mark Zuckerberg , those agencies should not also monitor the truth of news content. Zuckerberg saw the obvious difficulty in doing so : “I believe we must proceed very carefully though. Identifying the ‘truth’ is complicated.” This is correct, but misses the point. In order to combat fake news, Facebook does not need to become the “arbiter of truth.” Fake news is fake because of its intent, not content. So in order to regulate fake news, we need to delete bot and sockpuppet accounts, not build algorithms that detect false information.

On this score Facebook could improve. In a recent SEC filing , Facebook estimates that up to 5% of its monthly active users are false accounts. That means that as many as 140 million monthly users are using Facebook with deliberately deceptive intent. Moreover, these phony users have been given the ability to design custom bots that automate their communications with fellow Facebook users. Facebook is handing liars a megaphone. That may be good for business, but it is bad for our free speech culture.

Of course, there will be cases of alleged fake news – on Facebook or elsewhere – in which it is difficult to determine if there was an intent to deceive. But in this respect fake news does not differ from defamation. Both depend on determining the intention of the accused, and the burden of proof (for defamation: clear and convincing evidence) is consequently high. When it comes to restricting speech, having such a high burden of proof is a very good thing. It has prevented defamation case law from sliding down a slippery slope, and we should expect the same to hold for fake news regulation. It is no accident, though, that the crackdown on fake news is now coming most aggressively through such cases. Smartmatic recently filed a defamation lawsuit against Fox Corporation, seeking $2.7B in damages allegedly caused by fake news about its products.

This is not to say that there are no grounds for regulating false content. There may be cases where misinformation poses risks so great as to warrant its being removed or otherwise censored. Just as we should not be permitted to yell “fire!” in a crowded theater, there are things we should not be allowed to post on social media because they threaten the safety and integrity of the public sphere in which free speech is possible. But in this current media environment, where fake news is a primary source for such misinformation, to regulate content is to treat the symptom, not the disease. So while regulatory agencies like Facebook’s Oversight Board may deem it necessary to moderate content, their real focus should be on intent.

4.) Cancel Trump, not Parler

If all this is right, then Twitter was probably right to cancel Trump, but Amazon wrong to cancel Parler. According to the Washington Post, while in office President Trump made 30,573 false or misleading claims . The newspaper is reluctant to call any of them “lies,” but only because intent cannot be definitively determined. Nevertheless, a reasonable case can be made that President Trump eroded free speech culture, and that his bullhorn needed to be taken away, his social media accounts shut down, his press briefings no longer aired. For Parler, the case is different. Parler itself has not spread any fake news, although it provided a platform for those who do. Should we cancel Parler for that? Probably not – at least so long as we allow the lights to stay on at Facebook.

There are two lingering worries we might have about regulating fake news and those who produce it. Neither of these worries, though, gives us a compelling reason against regulation.

For one thing, we might fear that regulating fake news invites abuse. A regulating agency might misuse its power and restrict news deemed detrimental to its own interests. This seems to be the fear motivating German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s condemnation of Twitter’s decision to ban Trump. Abuses of regulatory power are no doubt possible, but their likelihood diminishes if we keep in mind that fake news is fake not on account of its false or partisan content, but rather on account of its deceptive intent. If the agency accordingly regulates only on the basis of intent, then it will be less likely to restrict news out of self-interest or greed.

We might also worry that regulation would have an overall chilling effect on free speech. But this, too, seems unlikely. The effect of punishing liars is to encourage people to express claims they genuinely believe, even if they turn out to be wrong. Similarly, the effect of punishing fake news would be to encourage people and organizations to share news they genuinely believe. We should expect, then, that regulating fake news is more apt to stimulate than to stymie the expression of sincere speech. And that would be truly welcome news.

• Carlo DaVia

Carlo DaVia  is a Lecturer in philosophy at Fordham University, as well as an instructor at the CUNY Latin/Greek Institute.This academic year he will also serve as a fellow at the UC Center for Free Speech and Civic Engagement.

• Donald Trump
• free speech
• Mark Zuckerberg
• philosophy of free speech
• Seana Shiffrin

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My anti-vax friends, religionists, corporatists, libertarians, and the most war-mongering militarists are – I’m convinced – sincere in their advocacy for policies that demonstrably produce unnecessary harm (evil).

Fox News classifies much of its content as “entertainment”. It’s intent (to the extent a legal fiction can be said to possess such a thing) is partisan politics, profit, and power.

What are the criteria by which we may sort intent in such situations?

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BS Thesis Guidelines and Timeline

Bachelor of science in biological sciences.

Bachelor of Science (BS): The BS is designed for students who wish to delve more deeply into the field of their major through additional electives, participation in scientific research, and completion of a BS thesis that summarizes their research. Successful BS students will (1) learn how scientists design and conduct scientific experiments; (2) collect data as part of a research effort; (3) evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of that data; (4) interpret the data in the context of a specific scientific discipline; and (5) describe their work in a BS Thesis

Students can earn a Bachelor of Science (BS) degree in Biological Sciences in any of the tracks by:

(1) completing three upper-level elective courses in Biological Sciences beyond those required for the BA degree, including  BIOS 28900  Undergraduate Bachelor of Science Research (or both quarters of  BIOS 00296  Undergraduate Honors Research if also pursuing Biology Research Honors)

(2) writing a BS thesis under the supervision of an adviser who is a member of the Biological Sciences Division research faculty.

Guidelines and Timeline for the BS in Biological Sciences

If you are participating in the BSCD honors program or a specialization that requires a thesis, you do not need to prepare a separate proposal (or thesis) for the BS degree, but you should submit copies of these materials to the BS program. Honors and specialization students are required to submit the BS Faculty Consent form in Spring of the 3rd year as directed below. You should adhere to the honors or specialization guidelines as you prepare your proposal, select faculty readers, and write your thesis. BS students who are writing a specialization thesis but are not in the BSCD Honors program are required to register for the BS research course (BIOS 28900) as directed below.

Spring of 2nd year

Declare your major as BA or BS in Biological Sciences. Remember that, in addition to the thesis, a BS requires three upper-level BIOS courses (numbered BIOS 21xxxx through 28xxx) beyond the five required for the BA degree. One of these courses must be BIOS 28900 unless you are taking BIOS 00296 for Research Honors.

Autumn of 3rd year

Start looking for a member of the BSD research faculty to serve as your thesis adviser and start developing ideas for your thesis research.

Description of the BS thesis

BS students will write a thesis based on original research. The topic must be a current issue in Biology, including basic science, medicine, and other applied fields, be described in a compelling thesis proposal, and be supported by a willing and appropriate Mentor. In most cases the thesis will present and analyze primary data collected by the student during their time in a mentor's lab. Students may also conduct critical and novel analysis of existing primary data (e.g., a critique of a healthcare policy such as methadone maintenance, a meta-analysis of recent clinical trials of antidepressants, or an argument against punctuated equilibria based on a fossil collection or genomic data). In either case, the work must be hypothesis driven and present evidence that tests the hypothesis. Topics related to global and public health will be accepted only for majors in the global and public health track. Please contact Chris Andrews if you have questions about the appropriateness of your topic. The thesis should follow the format of a published paper in a target journal appropriate for your topic but should include more extensive literature review and context in the introduction and conclusion.  A typical BS thesis is approximately 30 pages of double-spaced text (not including figures, tables and references).

Spring of 3rd year

To declare your interest in pursuing the BS in Biological Sciences, please submit the BS Faculty Consent Form  by 11:59 PM on Friday of finals week. If you have not already done so, please make sure you have officially declared your major as a BS in Biological Sciences so your college adviser can correctly slot courses into your degree program.

All BS students who will not be registered for BIOS 00296 (Undergraduate Honors Research) must register to take the BS research course (BIOS 28900 Undergraduate BS Research) in Autumn of their 4th year. We will add BIOS 00296 students to the BIOS 28900 Canvas site as unregistered students so they will receive announcements and can submit their materials for the BS degree. BS students who are writing a specialization thesis but are not in the BSCD Honors program are required to register for BIOS 28900.

Summer between 3rd and 4th year

BS students will typically conduct the bulk of their thesis research during this summer.

Autumn of 4th year

Unless you are in the BSCD Honors program and registered for BIOS 00296, make sure you are registered for the BS research course (BIOS 28900, Undergraduate BS Research) and have access to the associated Canvas site. BS students who are writing a specialization thesis but are not in the BSCD Honors program are required to register for the BS research course.

Submit a 1-2 page (single-spaced) thesis proposal (approved by your thesis adviser) as an assignment on the BIOS 28900 Canvas site by the end of Week 1.

Minimally, this proposal should include:

• the name, e-mail address, and department of your thesis adviser.
• a working title for your thesis.
• one introductory paragraph giving the background and rationale for your project.
• three to five paragraphs outlining your research question, hypotheses, predictions, and proposed methods.
• a few sentences regarding your proposed research timeline.
• a list of references cited in the proposal.

Winter of 4th year (by end of quarter)

During finals week , submit the names and e-mail addresses of two faculty readers from BSD research departments (other than your thesis adviser) to review your thesis in the spring. You will submit these names as an assignment on the BIOS 28900 Canvas site.

Spring of 4th year

By 11:59 PM on Friday of Week 4

Submit your thesis to your thesis adviser, who must approve it before you send it to readers for review. You do not need to submit this version of the thesis to the BSCD. This checkpoint allows your adviser to confirm that your thesis is in acceptable shape to send to readers.

By 11:59 PM on Friday of Week 5

Submit your thesis, approved by your thesis adviser, to your two faculty readers, along with the faculty review form (make a copy of the review form to share with readers here ). You should request that these readers return their reviews to you by Wednesday of Week 7 so you have time to respond to their feedback by the final deadline at the end of Week 8.

Between Weeks 7 and 8

In collaboration with your thesis adviser, revise your thesis in accordance with the feedback from your faculty reviewers. Both your thesis adviser and your two readers must sign off on the revisions before your final submission.  

By 11:59 PM on Friday of Week 8 

Submit the final version of the approved thesis, with confirmation of approval by your thesis adviser and two additional readers. You may collect signatures on a cover page ( here's the TEMPLATE)  or ask your adviser and readers to provide confirmation of approval by email to: [email protected]. 

How to Write a Bachelor’s Thesis: A Step-by-Step Guide

The bachelor’s degree is an important milestone in your academic life, and creating a successful bachelor’s thesis is an essential part of this process.

Although it can be a challenge, with a structured approach and a clear timetable, a well-researched, informed, and organized bachelor’s thesis can be created.

In this article, we explain how to write a bachelor’s thesis.

11 Facts About Bachelor’s Theses

• The average length of a bachelor’s thesis is about 30-60 pages.
• Most bachelor’s theses are written in the field of economics.
• The average processing time for a bachelor’s thesis is 3-6 months.
• Typically, bachelor’s theses are supervised by a professor or lecturer.
• Most bachelor’s theses are still written and submitted on paper.
• A bachelor’s thesis is always written within the framework of a study program and is an important part of the degree completion.
• The topic selection for a bachelor’s thesis is usually free, as long as it falls within the field of study.
• Adherence to citation rules and source references is an important part of a bachelor’s thesis.
• Submission of a bachelor’s thesis is usually combined with an oral examination.
• The bachelor’s thesis is the first longer scientific work that a student writes during their studies and therefore represents an important hurdle.
• In 2021, approximately 260,000 students achieved their bachelor’s degree.

Scientific Formulations in Minutes Seconds

11 Tips for Academic Writing (Bachelor’s Theses)

• Start your bachelor’s thesis early to have enough time for research, writing, and revision.
• Choose an interesting and relevant topic that fits well with your field of study.
• Create a detailed work plan to keep track of your steps and deadlines.
• Use trustworthy and current sources to underpin your work.
• Write clearly and precisely, avoid using unnecessarily complicated sentences.
• Use a consistent citation style and pay attention to the correct source citation.
• Logically structure your bachelor’s thesis and ensure that the common thread is recognizable.
• Revise and polish your work multiple times to ensure that it is free from spelling and grammar errors.
• Have your work read by others and seek feedback to recognize areas for improvement.
• Consider publishing your bachelor’s thesis to make it accessible to others and to present your work.
• Have your text scientifically rephrased by Mimir. Sample input : Potatoes are healthy… ➔ Result : Potatoes are rich in vitamins and minerals and can contribute to a balanced diet.

The Process of Writing a Bachelor’s Thesis: Step by Step Guide

The writing process of a bachelor’s thesis is a challenge for many students. In this section, we give an overview of the most important steps and tips to successfully master the process.

• Determine the topic of the bachelor’s thesis and discuss it with the supervisor.
• Conduct comprehensive research and collect relevant sources.
• Create an outline and divide the topic into individual sections.
• Write the main part of the paper by processing and summarizing the insights gained from the research.
• Compose the concluding part, summarizing the main findings of the work and outlining possible further steps or implications.
• Proofread the work and check for formal requirements.
• Submit and defend the bachelor’s thesis.

Choosing a Topic: How to Find the Perfect Topic for Your Bachelor’s Thesis

The first step in creating a bachelor’s thesis is selecting the topic. It’s important that your topic is specific and answers a clear research question. If your topic is too general, it will be harder to achieve meaningful results.

Why is the topic important?

An interesting and relevant topic not only captivates your readers but also gives you the motivation to successfully complete the work.

The topic of your bachelor’s thesis is crucial for the success of your work.

A difficult or boring topic, on the other hand, can lead to you finding the writing process frustrating and ultimately not successfully completing the work. Therefore, it’s important to think carefully about which topic you choose for your bachelor’s thesis.

If you have difficulty finding a topic, you can turn to your supervisors and present your ideas to them.

Research & Study: The Right Way to the Perfect Bachelor’s Thesis

Once the topic is set, it’s time to collect the necessary information. This can be done by searching through libraries and databases, reading specialist literature, and interviewing experts. It’s important to carefully organize and document the collected information so that it’s easily accessible when writing the work.

It’s also important that your sources are current, as research and opinions in your subject area are constantly changing.

Possible Sources

• Academic Publications
• Professional Journals
• Reputable Websites (you should consult your supervisor beforehand)

Structure: Setup and Organization of the Bachelor Thesis

It is important to have a clear structure for your bachelor thesis. This should include an introduction, a main part, and a conclusion. Within the main part, you can divide your arguments into different sections. This helps you to structure your thought process and ensure a smooth and logical flow.

Introduction

• Summary of the research thesis
• Definition of the main terms
• Explanation of the research question and area of interest
• Conduct literature research
• Develop arguments and hypotheses
• Draw conclusions and results
• Cite sources
• Summary of the results
• Comparison of hypotheses and results
• Explanation of the implications of the results
• Recommendations for further research

Writing: Tips and Tricks for the Writing Process

After you have completed your research and established your structure, it is time to write.

It is important that you write your work in simple, academic German/English.

Avoid using too many technical terms and ensure that each sentence conveys a clear thought.

Compose a clear introduction that explains your topic and presents your argumentation. In the main part of your work, you should provide your arguments and examples to prove your thesis. Make sure that your arguments are logical and understandable.

• Write a simple and clear introduction
• Compose the main part of your work
• Ensure that each sentence conveys a clear thought
• Provide your arguments and examples to prove your thesis
• Ensure logical and understandable argumentation
• Avoid too many technical terms
• Avoid vague formulations
• Avoid subjective opinions

Tip: Let Mimir formulate your bullet point ( Example input : Running is great ➔ Result (1/3) : Running is a healthy and effective form of physical activity that can contribute to improving cardiovascular fitness, mobility, and mental health.)

Formatting: How to Properly Format Your Bachelor Thesis

It is important that you adhere to your university’s guidelines when formatting your bachelor thesis. Check the requirements for margins, line spacing, font size, and font type prescribed by your university.

It is also important to format your work consistently to achieve a professional look.

• Adhere to your university’s guidelines
• Check margins, line spacing, font size, and font type
• Consistently format your work
• Create a professional layout

Citing and Referencing: Rules for Citing and Referencing in the Bachelor Thesis

When referring to the ideas of other authors in your work, it is important to cite and reference them correctly. There are various citation styles you can use, but most universities use the Harvard or APA style.

Make sure to properly cite and reference all sources you refer to, to avoid plagiarism.

• Use the Harvard or APA style
• Cite and reference all sources you refer to
• Avoid plagiarism

Proofreading: Error Sources and Tips for a Flawless Bachelor Thesis

After you have written your bachelor thesis, it is important to thoroughly review it. Check the content for correct grammar, spelling, and structure. Also ensure that your arguments are clear and logical and that your statements are supported by your research.

It is important to proofread and edit your work several times. Make sure to correct all spelling and grammar errors so that your work looks professional.

• Read your work aloud to detect errors in grammar, sentence structure, and pronunciation.
• Use a dictionary or an online proofreading program to find errors in spelling and punctuation.
• Have someone else read your work and ask for feedback to gain additional perspectives and suggestions for improvement.
• Carefully review and revise your work to improve its quality and content. This can be done by adding examples, removing unnecessary information, or refining arguments.

Tip: Have your text checked by Mimir (Unscientific words, gender conformity, and more…)

Submission: How to Safely Submit and Defend Your Bachelor Thesis

Writing a bachelor thesis can be a challenging task, but if you follow the steps mentioned above, you will complete your work in a professional manner.

Don’t forget to adhere to the guidelines of your university.

Once you have reviewed and revised your bachelor’s thesis, it’s time to submit it. Make sure your work meets the requirements of your examiner and contains the correct information. If possible, have a friend or family member review it before you submit it.

Earning a bachelor’s degree is a great achievement, and creating a successful bachelor’s thesis is an essential part of this process. Remember, choosing a topic, conducting research, and writing a bachelor’s thesis can be a laborious process. However, if you have a clear schedule and follow the steps mentioned above, you can create a well-researched, informed, and organized bachelor’s thesis.

And last but not least: Congratulations!

Two Practical Examples of the Process

To better understand the steps and tips mentioned above, here are two examples from different academic areas:

• A psychology student writes a bachelor’s thesis on the effects of social media on the mental health of adolescents. She chooses this topic because it combines her personal interest and her expertise in psychology. She gathers information by reading textbooks and conducting interviews with adolescents and experts. She creates an outline consisting of an introduction, three main chapters, and a conclusion, and writes her paper accordingly. She makes sure to use quotes and references and to adhere to the APA formatting requirements. Finally, she carefully corrects her work and has it read by her teacher and a fellow student for improvement suggestions.
• A computer science student writes a bachelor’s thesis on the development of a new algorithm for machine learning. He chooses this topic because it reflects his expertise in computer science and his curiosity about new technologies. He gathers information by reading academic articles and communicating with other experts in his field. He creates an outline consisting of an introduction, three main chapters, a section on results, and a conclusion, and writes his paper accordingly. He makes sure to use citations and references and to adhere to the IEEE formatting requirements. Finally, he carefully corrects his work and has it read by his supervisor and a reviewer from a professional journal for improvement suggestions.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you start writing a bachelor’s thesis.

Before you start writing your bachelor’s thesis, you should first plan the topic and structure of the paper. This also includes researching relevant sources and creating an outline. Once you have an overview of the structure of the paper, you can start writing.

How quickly can you write a bachelor’s thesis?

The duration of writing a bachelor’s thesis can vary greatly and depends on various factors, such as the complexity of the topic, the size of the paper, and the time spent on research. However, you should generally plan several weeks or even months for the actual writing of a bachelor’s thesis.

How do you properly write a bachelor’s thesis?

1. Start by selecting an interesting and relevant topic for your bachelor’s thesis. 2. Create a clear and detailed research plan that outlines the goals, methods, and timeline for your work. 3. Gather comprehensive and reliable sources to support your arguments and substantiate your theses. 4. Compose a clear and structured introduction that highlights the topic and significance of your work. 5. Develop your arguments in the main chapters of your bachelor’s thesis and use examples and evidence to support your statements. 6. Conclude your findings and conclusion in a conclusive and detailed section that summarizes the significance and implications of your work. 7. Thoroughly correct and revise your bachelor’s thesis to ensure it is logical, coherent, and error-free.

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DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

• Undergraduate
• Honors Thesis

Award Winning Theses

The following theses are recent examples of outstanding work:.

• Avery Goods:  "An Inconvenient Group: The Effect of Motivated Messages on Climate Change Attitudes and Behaviors of Skeptic Audiences" 2019 Janda Prize Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Joshua Varcie: "The Artificial Incumbency Advantage: How Bipartisan Redistricting Schemes Protect Incumbents" 2019   Janda Prize Honorable Mention for Distinguished Honors Thesis
• Benjamin Alan Weinberg: " Ballot Challenge: Explaining Voting Rights Restrictions in 21st-Century America"  2018 Janda Prize Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Logan Scott Peretz:  "How Hillary May Have Lost the White House: The Electoral Effects of Presidential Campaign Visits in 2016"  2018   Janda Prize Honorable Mention for Distinguished Honors Thesis
• Aaron Gordon: "An Empirical Appraisal of the Liberty of Contract"  2017 Janda Prize Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Hayley Hopkins: "Restrict the Vote: Disenfranchisement as a Political Strategy" 2017 Janda Prize Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Matthew Gates: "Ideological Basis for the Gay Rights Movement"  2017   Janda Prize Honorable Mention for Distinguished Honors Thesis
• Elena Barham: "Passing the Buck: World Bank Anti-Corruption Reform and the Politics of Implementation" 2016 Janda Prize Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Remy Smith: "Inherently Unequal: The Effects of Equal Representation on Senate Policy Outcomes" 2016 Janda Prize Honorable Mention for Distinguished Honors Thesis
• Laura Rozier:  "The Media, the Innocent, and the Public: A Nuanced Look at Exonerations and Public Opinion of the Death Penalty"   2015 Janda Prize Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Kaitlyn Chriswell: “Cross-cutting cleavages: Euskadi Ta Askatasuna, Terra Lliure, and the centrality of networks” , 2014 Janda Prize Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Jordan Fein:  "Searching for Health Care Reform: Studying Media Coverage and Framing Public Opinion of the 2009-2010 Health Care Debate" , 2011 Janda Prize Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Dylan Lewis:  “Unpaid Protectors: Volunteerism and the Diminishing Role of Federal Responsibility in the National Park Service” , 2011 Janda Prize Honorable Mention for Distinguished Honors Thesis
• Benjamin Zhu:  “Resource Distribution in Post‐PRI Mexico: De‐Politicized or Re‐Politicized?” , 2011 Senior Marshall for Distinguished Honors Thesis
• Ben Armstrong:  “Ne Touche Pas Ma Constitution: Pressures and Presidential Term Limits” , 2011 Barry Farrell Prize for Academic Achievement
• Jeffrey Paller:  “Where are the people? The Relationship between Government and Civil Society in South Africa” , 2006 Janda Prize Co-Winner for Best Honors Thesis
• Samir Mayekar:  “The Piquetero Effect: Examining the Argentine Government’s Response to the Piquetero Movement” , 2006 Janda Prize Co-Winner for Best Honors Thesis 


Janda PRIZE for DISTINGUISHED Honors Thesis REcipients

The Kenneth F. Janda Prize for Distinguished Honors Thesis in Political Science  is awarded annually for the best undergraduate Honors thesis of the year.

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Recent BA Theses

Since 2008, undergraduate theses submitted by B.A. and B.S. recipients at the university are published online in the OSU KnowledgeBank Collection of Arts and Sciences Undergraduate Research Theses and Honors Research Theses . This page is currently under construction. When it is finished, it will list each of the theses submitted by recipients of the B.A. in Linguistics to the KnowledgeBank Collection, along with a link to the DOI and information about what the B.A. recipient did with the degree.

Michael Sullivan

A Nondeterministically Enumerated Categorial Grammar analysis of Croatian and English passive constructions. Advisors: Bob Levine and Andrea Sims

Michelle McKenzie

Effects of relative frequency on morphological processing in Russian and English. Advisor: Andrea Sims

Bethany Toma

The Semantics and Pragmatics of Right Dislocation: Odd thing, that  Advisors: Judith Tonhauser and Marie-Catherine de Marneffe

Megan Dailey

Dialect Classification and Speech Intelligibility in Noise  Advisor: Cynthia Clopper

Alyssa Nelson

Comparison of vowel acoustics in children from the Northern, Midland, and Southern regions of the United States  Advisor: Cynthia Clopper

Erin Walpole

Free-classification of American dialects in three conditions: natural, monotonized, and low-pass filtered speech  Advisor: Cynthia Clopper

Daven Hobbs

Dravidian’s influence on Indo-Aryan: The case of the dative-subject construction Advisors:  Brian Joseph and Don Winford

Shannon Melvin

Gender variation in creaky voice and fundamental frequency Advisor: Cynthia Clopper

Christine Prechtel

Effects of gender and regional dialect on uptalk in the American Midwest Advisor: Cynthia Clopper

Erin Luthern

Variation in glottalization at prosodic boundaries in clear and plain lab speech Advisor: Cynthia Clopper

The homophone dffect in Mandarin word recognition Advisors: Kiwako Ito and Shari Speer

Vicki Lynn Krebs

An articulatory and acoustic description of word initial and word medial fricatives and approximants in Mangetti Dune !Xung Advisor: Amanda Miller

Effects of Regional Dialect on Word-Final Consonant Voicing Advisor: Cynthia Clopper

Mary Kathryn Bauer

Twang and slang: Regional Origin and Perceptual Dialectology in Ohio Advisor: Kathryn Campbell-Kibler

Amber Torelli

Perceptual Dialectology in Ohio Advisor: Kathryn Campbell-Kibler

Kristen Scudieri

On the perception of /s/ and /ʃ/: considering the effects of phonotactics Advisors: Elizabeth Hume and Cynthia Clopper

Chanelle Mays

Gender differences in Japanese and English "s" versus "sh" Advisor: Mary Beckman

Extending Phone Prediction Models of Word Segmentation to a More Realistic Representation of Prosody Committee: Chris Brew (advisor), Mary Beckman, and Eric Fosler-Lussier John Pate also received an MA from our Linguistics program before going on to earn a PhD at the University of Edinburgh

Terrin Tamati

Effects of dialect and talker variability on lexical recognition memory Advisor: Cynthia Clopper After earning her BA, Terrin Tamati entered the doctoral program at Indiana University

Differential Object Marking in Paraguayan Guaraní Advisor: Peter Culicover and Judith Tonhauser After earning his MA in linguistics, Cory Shain studied French, Spanish, and cognitive modeling before returning to OSU in 2016 to enter the doctoral program in Linguistics.

Ross Metusalem

The Role of Pitch Accent in Discourse Construction Advisor: Kiwako Ito Ross Metusalem also received an MA from our Linguistics program before becoming a doctoral student at the University of California, San Diego

Erika Colijn

Word Order in Paraguayan Guaraní Advisor: Judith Tonhauser

Jon Stevens

The Old English Demonstrative: A Synchronic and Diachronic Investigation Advisors: Brian Joseph and Craige Roberts Jon Stevens also received an MA from our Linguistics program before going on to earn his PhD at the University of Pennsylvania

Nadia El-Yousseph

Sex and Size: The Influence of Grammatical Gender on Object Perception in English and German Advisors: Kathryn Corl and Shari Speer

Katherine Woznicki

An Acoustic Analysis of Word Prosody in Ljubljana Slovene Advisor: Mary Beckman

• For Businesses

Bachelor Theses

The central concept behind the thesis is choosing a specific and practical problem and solving it with the knowledge the student has acquired during their studies.

Theses that have reached grades 90% or higher will be published here in regular intervals. By special requests of some students, their theses will be withheld for a certain time period (5 years max.) and will be published after that. 

Acceptance of AI by hospitality professionals - Mauritio Maria Ernst Lux ( abstract ) ( full text )

Understanding Consumer Behavior of Purchase Intention on OTT Streaming Services Against Digital Piracy - Claudia Mak ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Veganism on Destination Choice - Anna Schuhmann ( abstract ) ( full text )

Climate Change Impact on the US Real Estate Market; with Particular Examination of the Sea Level Rise - Christian Kadletz ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Influence of Music Festivals on Young Adult’s Mental Well-Being - Alexia Wilmink ( abstract ) ( full text )

Influence of Meat Alternatives Usages on Customer Hotel Choice - Haram Kim ( abstract ) ( full text )

Food Waste in the Hospitality Industry: How food waste mitigation affects customer’s intention to visit - Cheuk Hay Harry Chan ( abstract ) ( full text )

How Should a Metaverse be Designed to Attract Consumers Going for a Virtual Vacation? - Tianhao Xu ( abstract ) ( full text )

Website Service Quality Investigation of a Medium Sized Tour Operator in the case of Senior Travelers - Julia Moser ( abstract ) ( full text )

Emotionally-Induced Digital Music Streaming Behaviors: A Look into the Emotional Drivers of Consumer Decision-Making in Song Selection - Ian Brandenburg ( abstract ) ( full text )

TikTok and Virality: Exploring emotional triggers through trending content as a branding marketing tool - Nina Gogl ( abstract ) ( full text )

Dark Tourism: Understanding the Attraction to Death A Case Study on the Paris Catacombs - Leo Weis ( abstract ) ( full text )

Comparison Between the Marketing Strategies of Luxury Fashion and Luxury Hospitality Industry in Hong Kong - Leung Ka Seem, Vanessa ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of COVID-19 on Travelers’ Destination Choice in Austria - Sabrina Kind ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Theory of Organizational Socialization and its Effect on Voluntary Employee Turnover: A critical incidents approach - Franziska Reichl ( abstract ) ( full text )

Influences of Night Shifts on Employee’s Mental Health in Hospitality - Abeer Juma ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Identification of Key ‘Green Industry’ Standards to Formulate a Catalogue for the International Hotel Industry - Fabian Flohr ( abstract ) ( full text )

Shaping the Guest Experience: How Personalized Services Improve Customer Satisfaction in Luxury Hotels and Create a Competitive Advantage - Carlotta Böhme ( abstract ) ( full text )

Employer Branding as a Tool to Facilitate Employee Retention - Richard Kummrov ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Country-of-Origin Effect in Airline Branding and its Impact on Booking Intentions - Julien David Behringer ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Role of Immerse Technology in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry - Donika Viqa ( abstract ) ( full text )

Sustainable Practices of Viennese City-centre and Outskirts Hotels - Beatrice Martinolli D’Arcy ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Influencer Marketing on Destination Choice - Florence Scholtes ( abstract ) ( full text )

How Can Business Process Automation Prepare Hotels to Increase Productivity in A Growing Digital World? - Felix Ferdinand Fuhrken ( abstract ) ( full text )

Observing the Significance of Digital Transformations in Post-Pandemic Hospitality - Samuel Theodore Humphrey Daniels ( abstract ) ( full text )

Tripadvisor's Influence on Customers' Booking Intentions in 5 Star Hotels - Alina Katharina Wehner ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Perceived Sustainability on Blockchain Adoption in the Hospitality Industry - Margarita Drozdova ( abstract ) ( full text )

Investigating the Drivers of Hotel Preferences Toward Minimalist Hotels - Sau Ching Chung ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Influence of Organizational Structures on Talent Development And Retention - Kay Gustav Dieckmann ( abstract ) ( full text )

How Different Aspects of Social Media Review Influence Staycation in Hong Kong - Luk Hei Yu, Rachel ( abstract ) ( full text )

Redifining the Idea of Luxory in the Hospitality Industry - Nora Grattoni ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Change of Customer Behavior and its Impact on Hotel Sustainability Management - Boya Zhang ( abstract ) ( full text )

Social Media Marketing and Gastronomic Tourism: the case of luxury restaurants in Italy - Giovanni Chizzolini ( abstract ) ( full text )

Assessing the Optimal Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Within the Hotel Industry for Generation Y - Jennifer Flöck ( abstract ) ( full text )

An Ecological-Economic Analysis of Allotment Gardens in Vienna from a Degrowth Perspective - Marie Greiner ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Challenges and Benefits of Implementing Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in the Hotel Industry - Anna Elisabeth Thelen ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Different Leadership Styles on Employees’ Motivation and Workplace Satisfaction in the Financial Sector - Melanie Lechner ( abstract ) ( full text )

The influence of sustainable event management practices on consumers’ word-of-mouth and visit intention in the music event industry - Rada Assenova Kopreva ( abstract ) ( full text )

Are Attractions the Main Influencing Factor for Motivating Tourists to Travel to Dubai? - Donny de Wijs ( abstract ) ( full text )

Motivations and Intentions for Engaging in Dark Tourism - Isabel Jarl ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Role of Different Brand Collaborations on Influencers’ Trustworthiness in the Tourism Industry - Nina Rössler ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Gender Diversity in Leadership Positions in Asian Countries - Yan Wing Ng ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Long-Term Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Aviation Industry - Melánia Hudáková ( abstract ) ( full text )

Travel for Physical and Mental Health Improvement: Discovering the new concept of prescriptive health tourism - Nina Müller ( abstract ) ( full text )

Generational Differences in Using Social Media for Destination Choice - Lara Schischlik ( abstract ) ( full text )

Business Process Redesign in the Context of Quality Improvement Practices: Process modeling for the future state of a business process in the F&B department of a five-star hotel in Vienna - Soroush Golchini ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Shift in Significance of Hotel Choice and Satisfaction Attributes during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Respect of Changes made in the Hotel Industry  - Andre Schimanov ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Contribution of Influencers to Hotel Consumers' Decision-Making - Ka Wai Cartier Mok ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Role of Artificial Influencers in Tourism Marketing - Lara Schaffler ( abstract ) ( full text )

Social Media as a Promotional Strategy for Boutique Hotels - Felix Sung Chiu Ngui ( abstract ) ( full text )

How Movies influence the Destination Choice of Travellers - Sandra Smoliner ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Role of Travelling for Well-Being in Life Satisfaction - Darina Pashkovska ( abstract ) ( full text )

Identification of Motivation Strategies in Order to reduce Turnover in the Hospitality Industry - Markus Andre ( abstract ) ( full text )

Visiting Death and Life: tourists' motivation for engaging in dark tourism - Kathrin Gauß ( abstract ) ( full text )

Understanding the Impact of the #MeToo Movement on Leadership and Corporate Culture, with Regards to Female Inclusion and Value of Voices - Sara Praeceptor ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Perceived Talent Management Practice on Turnover Intention of Hotel Employee s - Tsz Ki Yau ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Main Drivers of Employee Retention: the case of Viennese luxury hotels - Jennifer Yanyu Hu ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Abolition of the Roaming Charges and its Effects on Tourist's Experience - Nadine Feigl ( abstract ) ( full text )

How popular culture influences Asia tourism trends within 10 years (especially in China and Korea)? - Wing Lam Venus Chow ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Role of Venture Capital in the Travel and Tourism Industry - Jan Alexander Jedlinski ( full text )

Motivational Differences among Millennial Participants and Non-Participants of Guided Coach Tours - Raphaela Böck ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of the “Salzburg Festival” on Salzburg’s Tourism Based on the Three Pillars of Sustainability - Francesca Baratta-Dragono ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Phenomenon of Dental Tourism: The Case Study of Hungary - Anna Margit Gergely ( abstract ) ( full text )

Environmental and socio-cultural impacts of small-scale open-air festivals - Anthi Koumoutsea ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of the Film Industry on Tourism - Andrea Zurdo Vara ( abstract ) ( full text )

Host Perceptions of Sociocultural Impacts of Tourism. The case of London, UK - Nina Jankovic ( full text )

Residents' Perspective on Overtourism in Vienna - Lara Maria Schmuck ( full text )

The Influence of Irregular Shifts on Stress Levels and the Human Psyche - Theresa Messerer ( full text )

Strategies to Cope with Climate Change in the Alpine Tourism Industry: The case of Zell am See-Kaprun - Lisa Unterganschnigg ( abstract ) ( full text )

Drivers of World War II Tourism: What motivations and factors attract tourists to WW2 sites - Karl Friedrich Thaler ( full text )

A Comparison Between Different Destination Image Measurement Constructs - Aboud Shahad ( abstract ) ( full text )

Eco-tourism for Youths in Austria - Katharina Strand ( full text )

Finding Women's Happiness in Hospitality: case study on how women feel at the beginning of their careers - Ruxandra Mihaela Baba ( full text )

Fighting Turnover: What do Viennese 5* hotels have to say about this? - Mengyuan Geng ( abstract ) ( full text )

To what extent do cultural differences diversify Tourism & Travel behavior and motivations? - Yannicka Thomas ( abstract ) ( full text )

Psychological Influences of Organizational Culture on Young Employees at Upscale Hotels - Kathatina Rakic ( abstract ) ( full text )

Impacts of Mass Tourism and Communication on the Image of a Destination: The Case of Barcelona - Paulin Heinrich ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impacts of Terrorism on Tourism in the EU - Alexander Meindl ( abstract ) ( full text )

Chatbots as an Approach for a Faster Enquiry Handling Process in the Service Industry - Alina Weissensteiner ( abstract ) ( full text )

Understanding the Influence of Movie Production on DMO Strategies: the Case of "Game of Thrones" series in European Destinations - Johanna Schlenk ( abstract ) ( full text )

Development of Eco-Tourism in Third World Countries - Anastasiia Zraichikova ( full text )

Hotel Review Platform Comparison: A case study of the 25hours Hotel at MuseumsQuartier in Vienna - Sophie Paiker ( abstract ) ( full text )

Key Value Drivers for Sustainable Restaurant Business Models  – Robert Suga ( abstract ) ( full text )

Evaluation of Personnel’s Brand Involvement in a Private University Setting: The case of MODUL University Vienna – Katharina Reichmann ( abstract ) ( full text )

`Greenwashing`: deceptive Business Claims of Ecological-Friendly Marketing Strategies of Different Airlines in the Star Alliance Group – Hannah Kermer ( abstract ) ( full text )

Generation Y travelers' Hotel Consideration: The impact of travel mode and reference room price – Louisa von Oertzen ( abstract ) ( full text )

Employed Technological Trends for Enhancing the Tourist Experience in Vienna: A benchmark approach - Isabella Postl ( abstract ) ( full text )

Vienna Calling, Vienna Controlling: Crowd Management Dealing with Visitor Growth – Yasmin Taga ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Motivations of Airbnb Hosts and the Effects on their Lives - Ludmila Tibulschi ( abstract ) ( full text )

Comparison of Forecasting Methods for Stock Prices of Consumer Electronics Market - Selin Üzelgecici ( abstract ) ( full text )

Analyzing the Potential for Developing Luxury Tourism in Bulgaria - Katrin Malcheva ( abstract ) ( full text )

An Exploratory Analysis of the Barriers to Implementation of the Revenue Management in Upscale Hotel Restaurants in Vienna - Iryna Andrukh ( full text )

Training and Security in the Aviation Industry - Ines Prinz ( full text )

Examining the Interplay of Socio- and Economic Factors on the Financial Effects of Student Loans in Europe - David Kilian ( abstract ) ( full text )

The role of sound in audiovisual advertisements in prompting anger and its effects on brand image and purchase intention - Kathrin Zeller ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Contribution of Instagram to the Popularity and Promotion of Music Artists - Anna Lashmanova ( abstract ) ( full text )

Consumers’ Perception of Greenwashing in the Food Industry - Anna Maria Erhardt ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Development of Sustainable Construction in the European Union: Exploring Benefits and Challenges - Gregor Aichbichler ( abstract ) ( full text )

Workplace Motivators in Millennials and Generation Z: An Austrian and South African Perspective - Linda Vallant ( abstract ) ( full text )

An Investigation into Email Marketing Success: What Drives Recipient Engagement? - Raghda Albattal ( abstract ) ( full text )

Factors that Impact European Tourists’ Choices on Mode of Transportation - Kristi Miha ( abstract ) ( full text )

Implications of Hyperinflation on Economic Activities: The example of the Former Yugoslavia - Nevena Panić ( abstract ) ( full text )

End Consumers’ Perceptions of Blockchain-Enabled Traceability Systems in the Food Industry - Nikol Xheli ( abstract ) ( full text )

Exploring Innovative Financing Strategies for Illicit Flows: A Study of Current Trends and Implications - Younis Allosh ( abstract ) ( full te xt )

The Integration of Contemporary African Art into Western Auction Houses - Lena Frank ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Growing Relevance of Social Media Marketing and Augmented Reality in the Premium Residential Real Estate Market - Clara Sophie Pabinger ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Development of the Viennese Wirtshaus through the Commercialization of Veganism - Nikola Konstantin Stupar ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Contribution of New Technologies in Increasing Persuasion of Social Media Marketing - Jiafen Zhan ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Emergence of Alternative Workspaces in Redefining the Future of Work: A Qualitative Study - Angelika Leiler ( abstract ) ( full text )

Connection of Innovative Strategies and Technologies with the Interests of Different Stakeholders: A Case Study of Ukrainian Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Main Sectors - Roksolana Hrodzitska ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Implications of Universal Basic Income for Higher Education in Austria - Sandro E. Mangold ( abstract ) ( full text )

Social Media and its effects on adolescents’ mental health - Neza Susnik ( abstract ) ( full text )

Agile Project Management Methods and Techniques and their Influence on Start-ups - Viktor Georgiev ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Music on Athletes’ Motivation - Petra Dragičević ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Contribution of Instagram to Increasing Customer Engagement of Austrian-based Food and Beverage Startups - Victoria Klein ( abstract ) ( full text )

Effects of Influencer Marketing in the Cryptocurrency Sector - Matteo Bertoletti ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Development of Employer Branding in the hotel industry through new media - Lea Weichselbaumer ( abstract ) ( full text )

Netflix's Machine Learning: The correlation between film selection based on tailored thumbnails and genre preference - Emily Viola Brunner ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture on CSR - Ariana Vorobeva ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Non-Fungible Tokens on Collectors and Artists - Paul Laurenz Kapl ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Socioeconomic Impacts of COVID-19 on the Manufacturing Industry in Vietnam - Carl Becker ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Role of Intermediaries in the Energy Transition Process of Companies in Vienna. The Example of klimaaktiv  - Klara Losert ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Effects of Customer Feedback on the Intrinsic Motivation of Employees within the Restaurant Industry - Tristan Ganahl ( abstract ) ( full text )

Co-Branding between Luxury and Mass Brands: its influence on consumers’ purchase intention - Eszter Schmidt ( abstract ) ( full text )

Examining the Factors that affect Housing Affordability in London - Beatrice Maier ( abstract ) ( full text )

Industrial Policy Options for a Post-Pandemic Global Economy - Anastasiia Solomakha ( abstract ) ( full text )

Passenger Intentions Toward the Use of Self-Service Technologies in the Air Transport Industry - Noel Demko ( abstract ) ( full text )

Examining Ethiopia’s Socioeconomic Development since 2010: An Examination of Development Strategies - Charlotte Haskamp ( abstract ) ( full text )

Examining the Consequences of Social Media Use on People’s Wellbeing - Szabolcs Olah ( abstract ) ( full text )

Data Analysis and Prediction with Medical Data and the Resulting Opportunities for Companies in the Medical Industry On the basis of an example analysis - Paul Zeileis ( abstract ) ( full text )

Exploring Innovative Financing Strategies for Illicit Flows: A Study of Current Trends and Implications - Younis Allosh ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Micro Influencer Marketing on Brand Image - Charlize Diehl ( abstract ) ( full text )

Consumers' Responses to Various Corporate Strategies aiming to cope with Ethical Failures in Companies - Lucia Klepetková ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Contribution of Generational Diversity to Employee’s Work Satisfaction - Stefanie Repnik ( abstract ) ( full text )

Gender Barrier: A Qualitative Approach to Gender Issues Present in Social and Work Environments - Seyed Amirhesam Pishnamazi ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Influencer Marketing on Brand Image and Brand’s Trustworthiness in the Fashion Industry - Valeriya Savyak ( abstract ) ( full text )

Can Digital Currencies Serve as an Everyday Means of Payment in Commerce? - Alexander Pink ( abstract ) ( full text )

Evolution of Cryptocurrency: Changes in the Use and Consumers’ Demands for Digital Transactions - Sahil Raza ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Covid-19 on Sponsor Agreements in Football in the Balkan Region - Milos Milojevic ( abstract ) ( full text )

Factors Influencing GenZ´s Intention to Purchase an Electric Vehicle - Fabio L. Santana Stork ( abstract ) ( full text )

Differences In Expectations And Demands on Leadership Between Students And Full-Time Employees - Moritz Schweitzer ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Relevance of Destination Placements in Movies for Tourism in Slovenia - Sara Siftar ( abstract ) ( full text )

To What Extent Do Health And Environmental Attitudes Influence The Purchase Behaviour Of Organic Food - Maximilian Knauer ( abstract ) ( full text )

What is the Role of Customer Centricity in Traditional Banks? - Ivan Ananiev ( abstract ) ( full text )

Different Leadership Styles and Their Impact on Generation Z's Employee Motivation - Katarina Nikolic ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Use Of Foreign Language On Product Packaging - Chih-Chi Luo ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) on Investment Choices in the Art Market - Laurids Walkensteiner ( abstract ) ( full text )

How the Floor Plan Layout of a Casino can Improve Customer Relations and Revenue for the Central and Eastern European Market - Nico Weissengruber ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Hotel Supply Chains in Vienna - Lukas Kriegler ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Contribution of Transformational Leadership in Developing Intrinsic Motivation and Creativity of Employees - Eleonore Rupprecht ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Financial Effects of Sustainable Strategies in the Austrian Construction Industry - Felix Rametsteiner ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Development of Augmented Reality in the Retail Sector during the Covid-19 Pandemic - Milena Deenichina ( abstract ) ( full text )

Drivers of Investment Intention in Cryptocurrencies: Before and during COVID-19 - Mona Rotim ( abstract ) ( full text )

Factors Contributing to Brand Alliances Success - Gabriela Damyanova ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Influence of Health and Taste Claims in Consumer Perception of Food Products and Purchasing Intentions - Lauren Kelly ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Product Placements on Brand Attitude - Katharina Vilimsky ( abstract ) ( full text )

To What Extent do Health and Environmental Attitudes Influence the Purchase Behaviour of Organic Food - Maximilian Knauer ( abstract ) ( full text )

Gen Z’s Capacity for Leadership - William Burelli ( abstract ) ( full text )

Factors That Contribute to E-Loyalty in an Online Furniture Retailing Business - Nikolaus Huainigg ( abstract ) ( full text )

Which Budgets are Needed to Successfully Compete in the First and Second Professional Football Level in Austria? Is it Realistic for First Vienna FC to Play at the Second or First Level in Austria ? - Floris van Zaanen ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Underrepresentation of Women in Austrian Leadership Positions - Viktoria Julia Heinzl ( abstract ) ( full text )

Hotel Clustering & Sustainability: A Comparative Case Study of European Eco-certified Clustered and Unclustered Hotels - Eleonora Peruzzi ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Blockchain Technology on Hotel Booking Systems - Michael Katschnig ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Influence of Entrepreneurial Innovation on the Economic Development of Bulgaria - Daniela Ilieva ( abstract ) ( full text )

TripAdvisor reviews vs. Instagram posts: influence on consumer restaurant choice from Viennese perception -   Isidora Radujkovic ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Integration of the Republic of Albania in the European Union Economy: the case of the banking system of Albania - Ardita Bendo ( abstract ) ( full text )

Online VS. Offline shopping, impact of Covid-19 on the digitalization process in Austria - Maximilian Matz ( abstract ) ( full text )

Vertically Integrated Companies in Luxembourg: A case study on the organic grocery market - Rick Walentiny ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Influence of Emotional Customer Reviews on Perceived Usefulness, Credibility, and Booking Intention - Violetta Mucha ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Viennese Luxury Hotel Industry - Maximilian Strobl ( abstract ) ( full text )

Long-Term Effect of COVID-19 Outbreak on Consumer Behavior and Online Retail in the United Kingdom - Fedor Volchkov ( abstract ) ( full text )

Factors Consumers Consider When Purchasing Eyeglasses - Julian Tallier ( abstract ) ( full tex t )

Profiling Some Central and Eastern European Craft Beer Breweries through their Branding Strategies - Albert Andras ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Effects of Artificial Intelligence in the Future Economy - In Hong Kim ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Impact of Social Media Marketing on Customers´ Purchasing Intention in the Cosmetics Industry - Laura Höfer ( abstract ) ( full text )

Traditional VS. Virtual Banks in Ukraine: is there a pendulum swing happening impart due to COVID-19 - Maxim Zemtsov ( abstract ) ( full text )

A Research Study of how Equal Employment Opportunities are Practiced in Azerbaijan: A comparison look at local and international companies - Rashid Sadikhov ( abstract ) ( full text )

The Success Factors in Social Media Marketing in Start-Ups and Small and Medium Enterprises - Eva Johanna Vipavc ( abstract ) ( full text )

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Golden Bachelor 's Theresa Nist Reveals the 'Source of Joy in My Life' Following Gerry Turner Divorce

The former couple announced their decision to divorce after three months of marriage earlier this month

Anthony Behar courtesy of ABC

Theresa Nist has turned her attention to a new passion amid her divorce from Gerry Turner .

On Tuesday, April 23, The Golden Bachelor star, 70, opened up about a hobby that has given her a sense of happiness and contentment during a rough period of her life in a post shared to Instagram.

"Gardening has been a constant source of joy in my life," she wrote alongside a series of photos that featured various flowers and foilage. "It feeds my body, mind and soul. It does you a world of good. You’re out in fresh air and sunshine (or clouds and rain) and your hands are in dirt (wear gloves!). You’re getting plenty of exercise, pushing a wheelbarrow, pulling weeds, pulling the hose to water everything and walking everywhere."

"You’re nourishing the soil and nurturing plants to grow to their best ability. It’s meditative and energizing all at once," she continued, adding that she reaps in her garden's beauty in the early morning and night. "My daughter and I highly recommend it to everyone!"

Nist's therapeutic garden post comes a little more than a week after she and Turner announced their decision to divorce after three months of marriage.

"Theresa and I have had a number of heart-to-heart conversations, and we've looked closely at our situation, our living situation and so forth, and we've kind of come to the conclusion mutually that it's probably time for us to dissolve our marriage," Turner, 72, said in a joint interview with Nist that aired on  Good Morning America .

The former pair both said they were really nervous about how viewers of the hit ABC would react to the news, knowing that their union inspired so many singles in their 70s looking for love.

Disney/John Fleenor

"We have received so much love and support from so many people who watch the Golden Bachelor  and I don't think we can tell you how many people told us it gave them so much hope," Nist said. "We want none of that to change for anybody."

"Don't give up," she added. "Stay in it. Stay hopeful. 'Cause we are."

Never miss a story — sign up for PEOPLE's free daily newsletter to stay up-to-date on the best of what PEOPLE has to offer, from celebrity news to compelling human interest stories.

Turner gave his final rose to Nist on the season finale of  The Golden Bachelor  on Nov. 30, 2023. The series followed the father of two (and grandfather of two) on his journey  to find love after the death of his wife Toni .

Nist accepted the coveted flower — and his 3.15-carat, princess-cut  diamond engagement ring from Neil Lane  — but only after  she said "yes" to Turner's hand in marriage  when he got down on one knee and proposed. They went on to tie the knot in a lavish televised "Golden Wedding."

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‘Gerry was too good to be true’: ‘Bachelor’ nation reacts to ‘Golden’ divorce

Theresa nist and gerry turner’s fleeting relationship and vague justification for splitting up left ‘bachelor’ fans — and some alum — desperate for answers.

By Margaret Darby

When “Golden Bachelor” couple Theresa Nist and Gerry Turner announced earlier this month that they’re seeking a divorce, it affected more than their family and friends.

It also led some fans of the “Bachelor” franchise to question whether true love is real.

“Theresa and I have had a number of heart-to-heart conversations, and we’ve looked closely at our situation, our living situation, so forth and — and we’ve kind of come to the conclusion mutually that it’s probably time for us to — dissolve our marriage,” Turner said in an interview with Juju Chang of “ Good Morning America ,” which aired on April 12.

Their mutual decision to split came three months after a televised wedding special during which the couple declared their undying commitment to each other. The couple participated in the “Bachelor” franchise’s first-ever series for older adults (60 years and up) looking for love.

Despite their split, Nist, 70, and Turner, 72, claim they are still in love with each other, as the Deseret News previously reported.

“I still love this person,” Turner said during the “Good Morning America” interview. “There’s no doubt in my mind, I still am in love with her. I root for her every day.”

Nist added, “Yeah, I still love him.”

According to the interview, the couple’s relationship fell apart while they were looking for a new, shared home. Nist and Turner lived in different states before tying the knot and expressed interest in making a move together. Ultimately, the plan did not pan out.

They considered homes in South Carolina, New Jersey and looked at “home after home” but “never got to the point where (they) made that decision.”

Packing their bags and leaving behind family was a sacrifice neither was willing to make for their marriage: “I think we just feel like it’s best for the happiness of each of us to live apart,” Turner said of their mutual decision to divorce.

The couple’s fleeting relationship and vague justification for splitting up left “Bachelor” fans — and some franchise alums — desperate for answers.

Some “Bachelor Nation” experts believe Nist and Turner have more to tell.

Nist: ‘Even at the age of 70, you don’t know everything’

After the public divorce announcement on “Good Morning America,” Nist personally addressed her fans — many of whom, as she noted, were “angry.”

“To everyone who has expressed love, support and kindness to me I thank you from the bottom of my heart,” Nist wrote in an Instagram post . “For everyone else who is confused and angry and who does not understand, please try to find it in your heart to understand and to try a little kindness. Not just for me but for the world and for everyone you encounter.”

Without shedding additional light on her abrupt divorce from Turner, she explained that her experience on “The Golden Bachelor” was “incredible.”

“I truly thought it was going to last forever,” Nist wrote. “It turns out, even at the age of 70, you don’t know everything.”

“Sometimes things don’t go the way you planned and that’s okay. I take so many positives away from this experience, most importantly and above all the incredible friends I now have in all of these amazing, wonderful women.”

Nist concluded: “I ask you to please stay open to all the experiences, opportunities, and love that may come your way. Keep smiling, keep laughing… I will.”

View this post on Instagram A post shared by Theresa Nist (@theresa_nist)

Bachelor Nation speculates about divorce

‘it’s just two stubborn old people’.

Tyler Cameron, the runner-up on Season 15 of “The Bachelorette,” spoke candidly about the “Golden” couple’s divorce during an appearance on “Watch What Happens Live with Andy Cohen.”

“Gerry and Theresa don’t want to change their ways,” Cameron speculated. “Like it’s just two stubborn old people, you know? And when you get older you get more stubborn.”

“They’re supposed to be setting the standard of what we’re supposed to find. And they didn’t make it happen,” Cameron added. “You can’t look to them for love anymore.”

‘Gerry was too good to be true’

Bachelor contestant turned Bachelor commentator Nick Viall called Nist and Turner’s relationship the “most unsuccessful marriage in Bachelor Nation history” during an episode of his podcast, “ The Viall Files .”

“I kind of feel like Gerry was up to no good. I think Gerry was too good to be true. But I’m curious what changed,” Viall said.

Viall asked for more information on the couple’s sudden divorce, then said: “What has to happen in three months for them to A) decide to actually sign a marriage license and B) immediately get divorced.”

He then spoke directly to Nist and her family members: “In (a) couple months, when this eventually gets messy and the real truth gets out there, we’re here to help.”

Kate Casey: Source says Turner wanted the divorce

Kate Casey, who frequently comments on the “Bachelor” franchise on her podcast, “ Reality Life ,” addressed rumors surrounding the couple’s divorce in a recent episode .

She claimed that a source who is close with with Turner’s granddaughter shed light on the couple’s split, sharing that Turner sought the divorce because, among other reasons, Nist hated where he lives.

‘Golden Bachelor’ ladies comment on divorce

Faith martin.

“My heart goes out to both of them,” Faith Martin, who made it to the top three on “Golden Bachelor,” told People .

She highlighted the pair’s unique dating circumstances on the reality show: “It’s a very difficult situation.”

“I think it is important to realize that on a show like this, it’s so important to be so transparent and so much yourself filled with honesty and truth and ask those right questions,” Martin added.

“I’m sure everything will really be okay in the long run, and someday they’ll look back and just smile, hopefully.”

Leslie Fhima

“Golden Bachelor” runner-up Leslie Fhima offered Nist words of comfort.

“I love you my friend,” Fhima wrote in a comment on Nist’s Instagram . “I’m so happy to call you that.. you’re beautiful inside and out”

Kathy Swarts and Susan Noles

In a joint Instagram video , previous “Golden” contestants Kathy Swarts and Susan Noles expressed both sadness and support for Nist.

“My heart is broken for them,” Swarts said. “It is sad. It is tragic. Please, people, be kind. These are our friends. The love didn’t work out, but they’re great people, and our hearts are breaking for them.”

Noles added: “They have the reasons, I’m sure. So be supportive. Everybody stay positive, and we wish them all the best.”

“Don’t give up on the idea of meeting somebody on a show like that,” said Noles. “There are so many people out there that are still in love. And I truly believe those two fell in love, right Kathy?” said Noles.

“I absolutely agree,” replied Swarts.

Maria Trice

Maria Trice, a “Golden Bachelor” contestant who was sent home the first week, claims she “dodged a bullet.”

“The interesting part about being at this stage and this age is people have stuff, even if they do their due diligence of finding out as much as they can about everyone, I think other stuff just comes up. Men in particular,” Trice said, per People .

“And at first everyone is showing their inner ambassador and batting their eyes, but when the covers come off, and you see the real reality of who each other are, you’re like, I’m not really sure this is who I want for the rest of my life.”

April Lynn Kirkwood

Without mentioning the couple by name, Kirkwood posted an Instagram video that gives the impression she is enjoying all the “Bachelor” drama. The former “Golden Bachelor” contestant posted a clip of herself frolicking around with the text: “POV watching drama you’re not involved in unfold around you.”

View this post on Instagram A post shared by April Lynn Kirkwood (@aprillynnkirkwood)

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Golden Bachelor’s Theresa Nist Shares Her ‘Source of Joy’ Amid Gerry Turner Divorce

Golden Bachelor star Theresa Nist is going back to her roots amid her divorce from Gerry Turner .

“Gardening has been a constant source of joy in my life. It feeds my body, mind and soul. It does you a world of good,” Theresa, 70, wrote via Instagram on Tuesday, April 23. “You’re out in fresh air and sunshine (or clouds and rain) and your hands are in dirt (wear gloves!). You’re getting plenty of exercise, pushing a wheelbarrow, pulling weeds, pulling the hose to water everything and walking everywhere. You’re nourishing the soil and nurturing plants to grow to their best ability.”

Alongside the message, Theresa shared a series of gardening snaps. In one pic, she was all smiles as she seemingly crouched beside one of her grandchildren.

“It’s meditative and energizing all at once,” Theresa continued. “And in the early morning and at the end of the day you get to walk around or sit back and relax and bask in its beauty. My daughter and I highly recommend it to everyone!”

Related: Golden Bachelor’s Gerry and Theresa Divorce: Split Theories Explained

Theresa’s daughter, Jen Woolston , took to the comment section to lovingly poke fun at her mom’s beloved hobby, writing, “Also how much money have we spent on plants over the years?! lol but no, worth it… we love it 🌼.” (Theresa shared Woolston and son Tommy Nist with late husband William “Billy” Nist .)

The social media upload marks Theresa’s first since she spoke out about her and Gerry’s split earlier this month. (The pair met during Golden Bachelor season 1, which ended with Gerry getting down on one knee and proposing to Theresa during the November 2023 finale.)

“It was one of the most incredible experiences of my life, something I never expected to happen at this point in my life and I truly thought it was going to last forever,” she wrote in a lengthy Instagram statement at the time. “It turns out, even at the age of 70, you don’t know everything. Sometimes things don’t go the way you planned and that’s OK.”

Theresa and Gerry announced their decision to divorce on April 12 — just three months after they tied the knot in a televised wedding ceremony .

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Related: Golden Bachelor’s Theresa Nist’s Family Guide: Meet Her 2 Kids and More

“Theresa and I have had a number of heart-to-heart conversations,” Gerry, 72, said on Good Morning America . “We’ve looked closely at our living situations and we’ve kind of come to the conclusion mutually that it’s time for us to dissolve our marriage.”

Hours later, Us Weekly broke the news that Gerry had filed to dissolve their marriage in his hometown of Petersburg, Indiana. He cited the “irretrievable breakdown” of their marriage as the reason behind the split.

Theresa, who had a prenuptial agreement with Gerry, has since been spotted still wearing her Neil Lane diamond engagement ring .

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The ‘Golden Bachelor’ Is Getting a Divorce

The “Golden Bachelor” couple, Gerry Turner and Theresa Nist, said they are getting a divorce, just three months after getting hitched.

By Callie Holtermann

The reporter wrote a profile of Gerry Turner and traveled to California to report from his wedding to Theresa Nist.

Gerry Turner and Theresa Nist were the first couple to meet and marry on “The Golden Bachelor,” ABC’s spinoff of “The Bachelor” featuring cast members 60 and older.

On Friday, the newlyweds announced that they will also be the spinoff’s first couple to divorce.

They made the announcement in a joint appearance on ABC’s “Good Morning America.” “Theresa and I have had a number of heart-to-heart conversations, and we’ve looked closely at our situation, our living situation, and we’ve come to the conclusion mutually that it’s probably time for us to dissolve our marriage,” Mr. Turner, 72, said.

The anchor Juju Chang replied in shock. “Three months after getting married?” she said. “I mean, what the heck, guys?” she asked later in the interview.

Explaining their decision, Mr. Turner said both were dedicated to their families — each has children from previous marriages, as well as grandchildren — and that it made the most sense for them to live separately. Ms. Nist, 70, added that they had looked at homes near family members in South Carolina and New Jersey but that they had been unable to reach a conclusion.

The couple, through a representative, declined to be interviewed for this article.

The franchise had positioned the pair as evidence that invigorating love stories can unfold later in life . Before marrying Ms. Nist, Mr. Turner, a retiree from Indiana, was married for 43 years to his high school sweetheart, Toni. She died in 2017 after a brief illness.

“People my age still fall in love,” Mr. Turner told The New York Times after he was announced as the series lead of the first “Golden Bachelor” season. “People my age still have hope, and they still have vigorous lives.”

On the show, he quickly connected with Ms. Nist, a financial services professional from Shrewsbury, N.J., and one of 22 women vying for his affection. The couple bonded over their experiences of loss — Ms. Nist’s first husband, Billy, died in 2014.

Mr. Turner proposed to Ms. Nist on the “Golden Bachelor” season finale, which was broadcast in November. The pair married in a televised ceremony in Southern California in January, which was attended by several of Mr. Turner’s ex-girlfriends from the season.

Around the time of the “Golden Bachelor” finale, The Hollywood Reporter published an article in which a woman claiming to have dated Mr. Turner said he had misrepresented his romantic history on the show, and that the two had been in a serious relationship that he had omitted. Mr. Turner told The Times that he had given the article only a “cursory look” and could not speak to its accuracy.

“The Golden Bachelor” renewed interest in the “Bachelor” franchise at a time when its ratings had been slipping. According to Nielsen statistics, the eight episodes before the “Golden Bachelor” finale on average received more viewers than any full seasons of the franchise that have aired since 2021. In February, ABC announced plans for “The Golden Bachelorette,” a version of the spinoff with a female lead.

After Mr. Turner and Ms. Nist announced their plans to divorce on Friday, some “Golden Bachelor” viewers expressed disappointment and the occasional “I told you so” on social media. The split was not unusual for the “Bachelor” franchise, which has produced far more breakups than marriages .

Ms. Nist said on “Good Morning America” that she hoped the pair’s divorce would not discourage viewers who had been inspired by the couple. “We say, ‘Don’t give up,’” she said. “We say, ‘Stay in it, stay hopeful, because we are.’”

Callie Holtermann reports on style and pop culture for The Times. More about Callie Holtermann

When a Marriage Comes to an End

Divorce is often hard. but there are still ways to ease the transition and learn to embrace your changing reality..

The end of a relationship can be an opportunity to  reclaim control over your life.

From grand gestures to small acts of kindness , experts say that there are many ways  to help those slammed by the shock and pain of a separation.

Can a divorce be affordable? There are ways to reduce the expense of ending a marriage , but they require both parties to want to end the relationship civilly.

When parents go their separate ways, children can have a tough time adjusting. These tips can help them with the transition .

Women who have gone through a divorce often see their savings and retirement depleted. Building back means careful planning .

Sharing a home after a split? Some divorced couples living together  for the good of their kids and finances  are finding it to be the way to a true partnership .

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Rachel Nance reveals how she knew Bachelor Joey wasn't the one

NEW YORK -- This week on "Playing the Field," Rachel Nance joined the podcast. She spoke to Ryan, Jen, and Gina about her time dating Joey on "The Bachelor." Also, she dove into what she and her family thought about her time on the show, and when she knew it wasn't going to be her in the end. Plus, is she dating? Rachel talks about her dating life and what's next for her. Could we see her on "Bachelor" programming in the future?

Later, we talk about the latest happenings in Bachelor Nation. Kaity and Zach set the date for their wedding, Victoria Fuller and Greg Grippo break up, plus the continued fallout from "The Golden Bachelor" divorce and speculation on casting for "The Golden Bachelorette."

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‘Bachelor’ Couple Shares Major Wedding News

A fan-favorite couple from “The Bachelor” is one step closer to getting married. Zach Shallcross and Kaity Biggar got engaged at the end of season 27 when it aired in March 2023. The two have been doing strong ever since then, and now, they are getting serious about planning their wedding.

Here’s what you need to know:

Kaity Biggar & Zach Shallcross Have Determined Some Wedding Day Details

On April 17, Biggar shared a wedding planning update in an Instagram Story. A fan of “The Bachelor” asked for wedding details and wondered if the couple would be back on television screens at some point.

Biggar replied, “October 2025 in Texas! We are meeting with a wedding planner next week!” As for returning to television screens, she shared, “And the second part of that question is for @bachelornation :).”

A screenshot of Biggar’s wedding date and location reply was shared in “The Bachelor” subreddit and fans had plenty to say about it.

“You can tell though it’s a very genuine and loving relationship that might make the distance,” one Redditor suggested.

“Such an underrated couple,” another Redditor wrote.

“I love them together! They seem so down to earth and compatible in real life which doesn’t seem common for couples once all the glitz and glamour of [Bachelor Nation] starts to dim,” someone else noted.

‘The Bachelor’ Lovebirds Have Embraced a Somewhat Quiet Life in Texas Together

The wedding update from Biggar came three months after “The Bachelor” couple moved into new place together. The two already both lived in Austin, Texas, when they filmed “The Bachelor.”

Shallcross is originally from California, while Biggar is Canadian. In April 2023, “The Bachelor” couple told Austin Monthly they were content to remain in Texas, at least for a while.

Shallcross explained, “Kaity and I, we wanted to get back to normal. We wanted to do our jobs and get back into normalcy as much as we can.”

He added, “You can just go to [Los Angeles] and then try to pursue that, which is totally fine. But for us, we love Austin.”

Biggar agreed. “We’re not really trying to be in the limelight; we’re just honestly trying to be normal.”

During that interview, published weeks after their “Bachelor” finale aired, Shallcross and Biggar noted they anticipated planning for a 2025 wedding date. They stuck to that plan, and have decided to do it in Texas where they already live.

“They lived in the same city, continue with normal jobs, have similar philosophies, interests, and senses of humour. They’re gonna go the long run,” declared another fan on Reddit.

“They’re such a stable couple. Zach may not have been everyone’s favorite Bachelor, but he was truly there for the right reasons,” noted someone else.

“These two have the bones to make it. So well matched,” added a different fan of the couple.

While answering “Bachelor” fan questions in her Instagram Stories, Biggar shared her favorite thing about Shallcross as well. “His heart. This man wakes up every morning and chooses to love me in the softest way.”

She continued, “He tells and shows me ALL the time how much he cares, loves, appreciates, and respects me as a partner, a friend, and a confidant.”

Biggar also gushed that Shallcross “Has the sweetest and purest soul a human could ever have.” “The Bachelor” star also admitted, “There’s truly always a moment in the day where I look over at him and think to myself how lucky I am to be this man’s future wife.”

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Breaking News

Commentary: ‘The Golden Bachelor’ divorce turns a TV success story into a cautionary tale

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Last week Gerry Turner and Theresa Nist, the boomer couple who charmed millions by falling in love on “ The Golden Bachelor ” last fall and getting hitched in a live, two-hour special on ABC in January, announced they were planning to divorce after just three months of marriage.

The news earned the septuagenarians the dubious honor of having the shortest marriage in the history of “The Bachelor,” which is hardly known as a launching pad for stable relationships. Even by Hollywood’s low standards, the Golden Marriage, lasting exactly 100 days, was noticeably short-lived, with less staying power than Lisa Marie Presley’s ill-fated union with Nicolas Cage (107 days) — and most of the condiments in my fridge (you don’t want to know) .

The whiplash-inducing split also marks an abrupt reversal of fortune for “ The Golden Bachelor, ” which became a breakout hit and cultural sensation after premiering in September, breathing new life into an aging, scandal-ridden reality TV brand. After years of controversy over issues like race and cultural insensitivity, “The Golden Bachelor” was just the wholesome, heartstring-tugging love story the beleaguered franchise — and a divided country — needed.

The honeymoon is over: ‘The Golden Bachelor’ and his bride call it quits after 3 months

Just over three months after tying the knot on live television, Gerry Turner and Theresa Nist announced their divorce on ‘Good Morning America.’

April 12, 2024

Their romance was informed by tragedy: Turner and Nist were both widows who were previously married to their high school sweethearts and instantly connected over their shared loss. If their wedding in January seemed a little hasty, it was easy to understand why they didn’t want to waste any time before starting their next chapter — and to believe they knew what they were doing. Alas, their race down the aisle, rather than revitalizing “The Bachelor,” has created what may be the biggest embarrassment in the franchise’s already checkered history.

It doesn’t help matters that the former couple — who walked the red carpet at a Disney event barely a week ago — have, thus far, offered head-scratching explanations for the breakup. They broke the news in a joint interview Friday on “Good Morning America.” Clutching hands throughout the segment, Nist and Turner insisted they were still in love and were only splitting up because of logistical complications stemming from the fact that he lives in small-town Indiana and she lives in suburban New Jersey.

“The thing that strikes me the most in our conversations has been how dedicated both of us are to our families,” Turner, 72, told ABC’s Juju Chang. “I think we just feel like it’s best for the happiness of each of us to live apart.”

Nist, 70, said they considered moving to South Carolina, and even looked at houses in the state, “but we never got to the point where we made that decision.”

Whatever the cause for the breakup, it was breathtakingly fast: Hours after the “GMA” segment aired, Turner reportedly filed for divorce in Indiana.

The news prompted a huge outcry. On social media, a predictable chorus of cynics proclaimed, “Gee, what a surprise.” On “The View,” co-host Ana Navarro shredded the reality show, saying it was “manufactured and a complete crock.” Her co-star, Sunny Hostin, also weighed in: “I’m upset. I thought since they were older, they knew better.”

Many fans wondered why Turner and Nist hadn’t tried harder to make it work, particularly given the enormous pressure they probably faced. Especially if they still loved each other, as they claimed, why not stick it out until May, when they were scheduled to go on a honeymoon to Italy? They knew they lived in different parts of the country when they got engaged; why did this fact suddenly become a deal breaker — three months after they got married?

As Hostin suggested, part of what made “The Golden Bachelor” love story so convincing was the maturity and hard-earned wisdom of its stars: Unlike so many 20-something contestants who go on dating shows to find social media followers, not life partners, Turner and the 22 women vying for his heart seemed to be there for the proverbial right seasons.

Although it was full of the usual “Bachelor” trappings — the endless rose ceremonies, the ludicrous group dates — the show also felt like it broke new ground by depicting people over 60 as multidimensional human beings, and by tackling heavy subjects, like grief, aging and divorce, in an authentic way.

The women of “The Golden Bachelor” were impossibly well-preserved, yes, but also warm, hilarious and salty — and watching them bond while singing “Hava Nagila” in the pool was a major part of the show’s appeal.

Then there was Turner: a telegenic pickleball enthusiast and “retired restaurateur” with a full head of hair, a lake house and what seemed like an endless reserve of compassion. He didn’t just talk; he listened with his entire being and wasn’t afraid to cry, especially when sharing memories of his late wife, Toni.

The entire country, it seemed, fell for Turner: “The Golden Bachelor” became one of the biggest new hits on network TV, and the most-watched “Bachelor” show in years, with 6.1 million viewers tuning in to the season finale in November.

It was little wonder that producers soon were teasing plans for a “Golden Bachelorette” spinoff (which they officially announced in February) or that they capitalized on the show’s popularity with a wedding special, broadcast live from La Quinta Resort — and featuring guests from across Bachelor Nation. The popularity of “The Golden Bachelor” even seems to have boosted ratings for the most recent season of the original series, featuring Joey Graziadei.

‘The Golden Bachelor’ appeared to be gentler reality TV. Then came the devastating finale

Gerry Turner may have been too good to be true, and Leslie Fhima’s reaction to their breakup and reunion on the finale of “The Golden Bachelor” was a refreshing sight on reality TV.

Dec. 1, 2023

But ABC’s golden balloon began to burst even before the season wrapped. According to an exposé in the Hollywood Reporter published in late November, Turner was not exactly the geriatric unicorn producers made him out to be. They had inflated aspects of his résumé, including the claim he was a “retired restaurateur,” and made it seem as if Turner hadn’t seriously dated anyone since his wife’s death in 2017 — even though he’d allegedly lived with one girlfriend for nearly two years.

The brutal finale , in which Turner made it seem as if he was going to choose Leslie Fhima, a 65-year-old fitness instructor, only to change his mind after an overnight date with Nist, further punctured the fairy tale.

After their wedding on Jan. 4 — which was stuffed with product placement for Amazon’s wedding registry and generally seemed as cynical as “The Golden Bachelor” had been sincere — Nist and Turner spent a few weeks together, sharing the highlights on social media. (In one cringeworthy Instagram post, Turner bragged about how they’d made out in a Lululemon dressing room.) But once February rolled around, the couple was rarely spotted together. Gossip websites reported that they were living separate lives, and fans began to ask questions on social media.

They eventually reemerged to make a number of appearances tied to “The Bachelor,” including the season finale on March 25, and other ABC shows. In April, Nist and Turner taped a special episode of “Celebrity Family Feud” with several of their “Golden Bachelor” co-stars and family members. On Instagram, Turner cheerfully posted about appearing on the game show with his “blended family.” A week later, he and Nist announced their divorce.

Even the rollout of the announcement felt cynically designed to maximize viewership and milk the Golden Divorce for all it was worth. The “GMA” sitdown was followed by an extended interview on “Nightline” where the couple shared a few additional details about their split — including the fact that they sought counseling — and said that they ruled out a long-distance relationship because, as Nist put it, “We wanted immediately to be together.”

On social media, various “Bachelor” personalities, including host Jesse Palmer, did damage control, posting earnest tributes to the short-lived couple and urging the public to be kind. Perhaps they sensed that viewers felt massively duped and weren’t really buying that the breakup was as amicable as it was being portrayed.

There was at least one instructive moment in the Golden Divorce press tour of 2024. During the interview last week, Chang asked Turner and Nist to give advice to the star of “The Golden Bachelorette,” who is expected to be named at Disney’s upfront presentation in a few weeks.

“Slow things down. Pull in every bit of information possible. Ask hard questions. Get to know someone well,” Turner said, “but go slow.” It’s good advice for whoever stars in the spinoff. And maybe even better advice for those of us watching: Don’t fall in love too fast.

More to Read

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‘Housewives’ star Porsha Williams divorcing Simon Guobadia after 15-month marriage

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Meredith Blake is an entertainment reporter for the Los Angeles Times based out of New York City, where she primarily covers television. A native of Bethlehem, Pa., she graduated from Georgetown University and holds a master’s degree from New York University.

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Wall Street is souring on Tesla's pivot away from low-cost vehicles towards autonomous driving

• Tesla is losing the confidence of Wall Street amid reports it's pivoting from a low-cost Model 2 to robotaxis.
• Deutsche Bank just downgraded Tesla's stock and Barclays cut its price target. Both see double-digit declines over the next year.
• "We view Tesla's shift as thesis-changing, and worry the stock will need to undergo a potentially painful transition in ownership base," Deutsche Bank said.

Another day, another negative Tesla note from Wall Street.

Tesla has come under intense scrutiny from sell-side analysts after a Reuters report from earlier this month said that the EV maker was shifting away from its low-cost Model 2 vehicle to instead focus on building a fully-autonomous robotaxi.

Deutsche Bank downgrades Tesla

Deutsche Bank analyst Emmanuel Rosner is not impressed with the potential pivot, calling it "thesis-changing" for investors in a note on Thursday.

Rosner downgraded Tesla stock to "Hold" from "Buy" and cut its price target to $123 from $189, suggesting potential downside of about 19% from current levels. 

"Pushing out Model 2 will create significant earnings and FCF pressure on 2026+ estimates, and make the future of the company tied to Tesla cracking the code on full driverless autonomy, which represents a significant technological, regulatory and operational challenge," Rosner said. 

Rosner slashed his 2027 earnings per share estimate for Tesla to $2.40 from a prior estimate of $4.25, and added that there could be further downside to the company's earnings power if they completely abandon the development of a low-cost vehicle. 

"The delay of Model 2 efforts creates the risk of no new vehicle in Tesla's consumer lineup for the foreseeable future, which would put continued downward pressure on its volume and pricing for many more years, requiring downward earnings estimate revisions for 2026+," Rosner said.

Tesla stock fell 2% in early Thursday trading, and is down nearly 40% year-to-date. 

Perhaps the biggest risk to Tesla, aside from lower earnings, is the idea that a pivot to robotaxis could cause a complete recalibration of its underlying shareholder base.

"We view Tesla's shift as thesis-changing, and worry the stock will need to undergo a potentially painful transition in ownership base, with investors previously focused on Tesla's EV volume and cost advantage potentially throwing in the towel, and eventually replaced by AI/tech investors with considerably longer time horizons," Rosen said.

Barclays cuts Tesla price target

It's not just Deutsche Bank that has soured on Tesla.

Barclays slashed its Tesla price target on Wednesday by 20%, and said it expects the company's first-quarter earnings call next week to be a negative catalyst.

Calling it "one of the most widely anticipated calls ever," Barclays analyst Dan Levy said the company is facing challenging near-term fundamentals in combination with a longer-term "investment thesis pivot" as it considers moving away from the Model 2.

According to Levy, if Tesla is indeed moving away from the Model 2, that would be bad news for the stock valuation going forward, calling it a "clear net negative for the Tesla investment thesis."

"It casts significant uncertainty on the path ahead for Tesla, making success of the stock dependent on bets with seemingly binary outcomes," Levy said. "Indeed, we are hard pressed to think of any other precedent of a company of Tesla's size basing its path of success on such binary bets."

Wedbush also concerned about Model 2 pivot

Even long-time Tesla bull Dan Ives is worried about Tesla's potential pivot away from a low-cost Model 2.

In a note from last week, Ives said Tesla needs to commit to its Model 2 development plans if it wants to have any chance in reversing this year's painful stock price decline. 

"If robotaxis is viewed as the 'magic model' to replace Model 2 we would view this as a debacle negative for the Tesla story. It would be a risky gamble if Tesla moved away from the Model 2 and went straight to robotaxis," Ives said.

Ives said Wall Street's criticism of Tesla is warranted, especially given the fact that the EV maker has seen declining profit margins and its first year-over-year sales decline since 2020.

"For Musk, this is a fork in the road time to get Tesla through this turbulent period otherwise dark days could be ahead," Ives said. 

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Club facts: Krasnodar

Tuesday, September 1, 2020

Article body

FC Krasnodar Formed: 2008 Nickname: Byki (The Bulls)

UEFA club competition honours (runners-up in brackets) • None

Domestic honours (most recent triumph in brackets) None

Ten-year European record (UEFA Champions League unless indicated otherwise) 2019/20: UEFA Europa League group stage (having transferred from UEFA Champions League play-offs) 2018/19: UEFA Europa League round of 16 2017/18: UEFA Europa Leagueplay-offs 2016/17: UEFA Europa League round of 16 2015/16:  UEFA Europa League round of 32 2014/15:  UEFA Europa League group stage 2013/14: did not take part in UEFA competition 2012/13: did not take part in UEFA competition 2011/12: did not take part in UEFA competition 2010/11: did not take part in UEFA competition

Records UEFA club competition • Biggest home win 5-0: Krasnodar v Sillamäe Kalev 24/07/14, UEFA Europa League second qualifying round second leg

• Biggest away win 1-5: Diósgyőr v Krasnodar 31/07/14, UEFA Europa League third qualifying round first leg 0-4: Sillamäe Kalev v Krasnodar 27/07/14, UEFA Europa League second qualifying round first leg

• Heaviest home defeat 0-4: Krasnodar v Chelsea 28/10/20, UEFA Champions League group stage

• Heaviest away defeat 5-0: Basel v Krasnodar 19/09/19, UEFA Europa League group stage

UEFA Champions League (group stage to final) • Biggest home win 1-0: Krasnodar v Rennes 02/12/20, group stage

• Biggest away win N/A

• Heaviest home defeat 0-4: Krasnodar v Chelsea (see above)

• Heaviest away defeat 3-2: Sevilla v Krasnodar 04/11/20, group stage