essay on education in pakistan

Essay on Education In Pakistan in 1000 Words

English Essay on Education in Pakistan with Outlines & Facts in Easy Language For Students of All Classes Hello readers! Welcome to an insightful journey through the realm of education in Pakistan. Education is a vital tool that has the super power to transform lives, communities & even nations. In this essay on education in Pakistan we shall explore the historical evolution of the education system in Pakistan, its current state, the key challenges it faces & the initiatives and recommended educational reforms that aim to improve education in our beloved country. So, let’s start reading the main part of Education in Pakistan essay!

Table of Contents

Historical Overview of Education in Pakistan:

If we want to understand the present situation of education in Pakistan then it is essential to take a glimpse into the past. The educational system in Pakistan has evolved over time. It has also shaped by the influence of various civilizations. The early education system was primarily focused on religious education. Madrasas were playing a vital role in imparting knowledge. However, the British colonial era introduced a modern education system. This new system was emphasizing on English as the medium of instruction.

During the post-independence period, Pakistan faced numerous challenges in establishing a robust education system. Despite these hurdles, the govt made significant efforts to expand access to education & improve literacy rates. Today, Pakistan boasts a diverse education landscape that includes public and private schools, colleges, universities, vocational institutes & religious seminaries.

Current State of Education in Pakistan:

Its an admitted fact that progress has been made in educational system of Pakistan  but the current state of education in Pakistan is still a cause for concern., According to UNESCO, Pakistan has 1 of the highest out-of-school children rates globally as approximately 22.8 million children are out of school . This alarming statistic highlights the pressing need for interventions to ensure all children have access to quality education atleast at school level

Gender disparity is another significant issue plaguing the education system in Pakistan. Girls face multiple barriers like cultural norms, poverty & security concerns. These barriers hinder their access to education. This gender gap not only deprives girls of their basic right to education but also hampers the nation’s development potential.

Challenges Faced by the Education System in Pakistan:

The education system in Pakistan faces various challenges both systemic and socio-cultural in nature. Inadequate infrastructure, lack of trained teachers & scarcity of resources are major hurdles to providing quality education in Pakistan. Many public sector schools lack basic facilities like proper classrooms, electricity, clean drinking water & sanitation facilities. All these issues make it challenging for students to learn in a conducive environment.

Moreover socio-cultural factors like child labour, early marriages & societal biases against girls’ education perpetuate the cycle of illiteracy. These challenges are further exacerbated by govt policies that often fail to prioritize education or allocate sufficient funds for its development.

Initiatives & Reforms for Improving Education in Pakistan:

Despite the challenges, numerous initiatives & reforms have been undertaken to improve education in Pakistan. The govt, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) & individuals have played significant roles in addressing educational challenges.

The federal govt has launched programs like the National Education Policy, which aims to enhance access, quality & equity in education. Additionally the establishment of the PM scholarships, free laptops and fee reimbursement schemes have provided financial assistance to deserving students for enabling them to pursue higher education.

NGOs like Zindagi trust, Alkhidmat Foundation Pakistan, The Citizens Foundation (TCF), Akhuwat, Fauji Foundation, Bunyad Foundation and Developments in Literacy (DIL) have also made commendable contributions by establishing schools in remote areas & offering scholarships to underprivileged students. Moreover individuals like Malala Yousafzai, a Nobel laureate and education activist have raised global awareness about the importance of education and advocating for girls’ right to education.

Impact of Education on Society and Economy:

Education plays a pivotal role in shaping society & driving economic growth. A well-educated population is more likely to participate actively in civic affairs, contribute to the workforce and make informed decisions . Education empowers individuals to break free from the cycle of poverty by fostering social progress & equality.

Moreover education equips individuals with the necessary job oriented skills & knowledge to thrive in a rapidly changing global economy. By investing in education, Pakistan can unlock its human capital potential, promoting innovation, entrepreneurship & sustainable economic development.

Future of Education in Pakistan

In my personal views the future of education in Pakistan is bright as government is spending more on primary and higher education. Girls are being encourged to join schools. Interest free student loans are being disbursed by many banks. Lot of NGOs are contributing too in this sector. Akhuwat has launched first free university in Pakistan. HEC is arranging foreign scholarships for local students. Lot of new universities have been given charter. Lot of educational websites have been launched in Pakistan to promote education and serve this noble cause like studysolutions.pk and arqumhouse.edu.pk etc. Digiskills is providing access to free IT courses in Pakistan. TEVTA is also there for technical education.

New Initiatives

Many universities have also launched their online and distance learning programs to facilitate the students from remote areas. Sindh government is giving scholarships to large number of school going girls. New Single National Curriculum (SNC) has been launched in the country. Modern education is being introduced in Madaris. 2 years BA/BSc and MA/MSc  programs have been replaced with the 4 years BS programs. Lot of new BS programs have been launched as per the needs of local and international job markets.

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Conclusion:

In short the education is a fundamental right & a powerful tool for social transformation and economic prosperity. However the education system in Pakistan still faces numerous challenges that hinder access, quality & equality. It is crucial for all stakeholders, including the government, NGOs and individuals to prioritize education and work collectively to address these challenges.

Let us join hands and support initiatives that aim to improve education in Pakistan. Every child of the world deserves the opportunity to learn, grow & realize their full potential. Together we can unlock the power of knowledge & pave the way for a brighter future for Pakistan. Hopefully you have enjoyed reading this essay on education In Pakistan .

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Education in Pakistan: problems, challenges and perspectives

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah said and I quote:

“Education is a matter of life and death for Pakistan. The world is progressing so rapidly that without requisite advance in education, not only shall we lag behind others but maybe wiped out altogether.”

The education section of the executive summary of the Economic Survey of Pakistan 2021-22 notes: “Pakistan is committed to transform its education system into a high-quality global-market demand-driven system in accordance with Goal 4 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) .” However, the reality is vastly different.

The literacy rate in Pakistan in 2021 was only 62.8%. Any gains in literacy rates over the last many years have been small, slow and marginal.

In 2021-22, we spent only 1.77% of GDP on education-related expenditure at both the federal and provincial levels. Most UN agencies recommend that the minimum expenditure on education should be 4% of GDP. In recent years, the highest percentage of GDP we have spent on education was in 2017-18, when education expenditures were raised to 2.12%. The usual argument given for lack of spending on education has always been and still is that we do not have the resources.

In Pakistan, the current literacy rate is 62.3%. In Budget 1.7% of GDP has been allocated as Education Budget which is lowest in the region. The expenditure of Rs 74,609 billion has been allocated for Tertiary Education Affairs & Services in budget 2022-23; Rs 3,786 billion for pre-primary & primary education; Rs 8,863 billion for Secondary Education Affairs and Rs 2 billion for administration. Rs 44,174 billion has been earmarked for Higher Education Commission ( HEC ) under the Public Sector Development Program (PSDP) for the year 2022-23. (Business Recorder June 11, 2022).

According to data from the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report 2017-18, the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) shows Pakistan’s slow performance being ranked 129th of the 137 countries, on the Health and Primary Education related elements of competitiveness, when compared with other countries in the region like India, China, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Malaysia. The structure of school education system in the public sector is depicted in Fig. below.

Figure Above: The structure of school education system in Pakistan (Pre-Primary to Higher Secondary)

Education system creates sense of responsibility among people and they come to know the methods to achieve their national, societal and personal rights and it also enhances their general consciousness needed to deliver their duties as citizens towards their Nation. Once the realization originates, people start working for the development and prosperity of their motherland in the atmosphere of trust and co-operation.

The polarization and non – unified education system has resulted into outraged political turmoil, deadly terrorism, incessant sectorial violence, social disruption, economic instability and degeneration of government system. Whether it is poverty, non-availability of jobs, security uncertainty, sectarianism or terrorism, lack of tolerance, lack of general awareness, illiteracy, all are off shoots of the poor, inefficient and ineffective education system. The lowest budget allocation, a realm of large number of ineffective education policies has badly failed to take country out of economic, social, political and development quagmire.

Education has fundamental role in the economic, social, political and structural development of any nation. Many of the economic issues like poverty , overpopulation, unemployment , resource mobilization, inflation, exchange rate drastic fluctuation, housing, infrastructure, and health can be reduced and handled by improving education system in Pakistan. Education can also solve social issues like Baradari system, Wadera Culture, Chaudary regime and slave mentality. The political issues like battle for power by different politicians, lawlessness, fraud, corruption, religious riots, extremism, processions to gain popularity, use of indecent remarks, no public service, no human investment to save the lives of ignorant and deprived humans. Structural Development like transition from primitive methodologies to modern strategies; Shifts from Agriculture to Industry, hand made tools to mechanization, from physical conventional education system to Online Education and adoption of highly sophisticated and up to the mark technology can only happen with the strong Education Policy and implementation of country’s education system.

Pakistan, since its inception has failed to establish an education system which can fulfill the aspirations of the general public. Being a developing country, Pakistan is facing multifaceted problems and issues in the education sector. There are many issues prevalent and practiced in Pakistan’s Education System at all levels of Education – primary, secondary – colleges or universities.

The educational institutions within the country are divided into following categories: (1) Pre-primary School (2) Primary School (3) Middle School (4) High School (5) Higher Secondary (6) Inter-colleges (7) Degree Colleges (8) Universities (9) Non-formal Basic Education (10) Education foundations (11) Technical & Vocational Institutions (12) Teacher Training Institutions (13) Deeni Madaris

Pakistan’s schooling system consists of three main school types namely public sector schools, private sector schools and Deeni Madaris. These are further divided as public and private mainly due to curriculum and examination systems used in the schools and the language of instructions used by teachers.

The Broad Categories on education level are:

School Education (Pre-primary – Class 12) College Education (Degree Colleges Class 13-14) University Education

The education system of Pakistan is comprised of 305,763 institutions accommodating 51,186,560 9 students and 2,073,433 teachers. The system is composed of 189,748 (62%) public institutions and 116,015 (38%) private institutions, which also include 31,115 Deeni Madaris. The public sector is serving 28.49 million (56%) students to complete their education while the remaining 22.70 million (44%) are enrolled in the private sector of education. About 38 percent private educational institutions are facilitating 44 percent of students showing a slightly higher per-institution enrolment ratio in the private sector compared to the public sector.

There are a total of 186 universities & degree awarding institutions catering to the needs of higher degree students in both public and private sectors of education. Out of these universities, 111 (60%) are working under umbrella of public sector, whereas 75 (40%) are working in the private sector.

The total enrolment in the universities and degree awarding institutions is 1.576 million. Out of these 1.266 million (80%) students are enrolled in public sector whereas, 0.309 million (20%) students are studying in private universities and degree awarding institutions. In the overall national scenario only four percent students have access to university education. The total male enrolment in the universities is 0.881 million (56%), whereas, the female enrolment is 0.695 million (44%) . There are 56,885 teachers imparting higher education to the students in these universities. Universities in the public sector employ 38,011 (67%) teachers while those in the private sector have 18,874 (33%) teachers.

The significant issues of Education system are lack of Budget Allocation, lack of Policy Implementation, Faulty examination System, Poor Infra Structure of Educational Institutions, Lack of Teacher’s quality, low enrolment, Wayward and Directionless Education system, High scale drop outs, Increasing Political Interference, Out dated curriculum, corruption, Poor Management and Supervision, lack of Uniformity, lack of research, lack of faculty training and Development, Cost of Education, Terrorist Attacks, Cultural Constraints, lack of Parent input, Widening gap between Educational Institutions and Community, lack of Academia Industry Linkage program and Learning Crisis etc.

Education is the nurturing and nourishing force for the construction of strong and impressive societal set up, prominent development and significant growth of the country. Education explores new dimensions and polishes the hidden talent, potential, capabilities and strengths of individuals and redirect these forces towards the rise of Pakistan as a powerful nation on the global horizon.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah envisioned Education System of Pakistan as the driving force behind all the national goals. In the first National Education Conference held at Karachi. It was decided that Education System will work according to the National aspirations of Pakistan and it will be truly related to the needs of the people of Pakistan. The father of Nation said, “The magnificent goal of Education sector will be to develop character of Pakistan, high sense of responsibility, social integrity, selfless service to the Nation and morality on the part of the people of Pakistan.

Critical analysis of the problems and issues of education system in Pakistan.

These are the most dominant issues and problems of our Education System which needs to be addressed and to find remedial solutions for these issues and put forward recommendations for the positive change in our prevalent Education System.

1- Lack of uniformity

The Education System is not Uniform and is based on differentiated Education System like Public Institutions, Private Institutions and Deeni Madaris. There has been accelerated polarization in the Education System due to divisive Pakistani Education System. This has penetrated into cultural veins of the Nation. The recent waves of Sectarianism and Terrorism are the consequences of this divisible system. Polarized Education System has further divided society on political, economic and social grounds instead of uniting people. This division is leading towards further segregation on linguistic and religious levels and cutting knee deep the ideological foundation of the Nation.

2- Education without direction

A sound Education System is essential for every nation of the world. All nations develop their people or human resources on the basis of rigorous focus on Education and Training . We have poor and direction less education system with lack of cohesion and more prone towards general education without creation of Skillful man power resulting into massive unemployment. It also results into massive political, social, economic and cultural distress among people. There is no use of science and technology in the education system. Students are unable to develop critical thinking, creativity, imagination, reasoning, experimentation, innovation and invention

3- Outdated curriculum

We are still following the old fashioned and outdated Education System of rote memorization, cramming the facts and figures without realizing the holistic development of individuals. The objective of Education should be development of psychological, philosophical and sociological foundations of Education. The present curriculum is not motivating learners for practical research and development, scientific knowledge and reflective observation.

4- Lack of professional development of teachers

There are few training institutes but have lack of funds, lack of resourceful and trained trainers and administers. There are no defined standards of training and development. The courses and trainings are outdated, traditional without exposure to modern technology, motivation, quality of teachers and enhancement of skills .

5- Lack of quality teacher

According to UNESCO report, the quality of educational institutions and teacher is low. The situation is grimmer in remote parts of Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan where there is non availability of teachers. Teachers are not using new methods of teaching and learning, no lesson planning, old method of cramming, no research, no use of libraries or internet, no book reading. Students are promoted to next class on the basis of cramming and memorization of facts and figures without knowledge in depth, no conceptualization, no understanding of topics in the books without relevance in schools.

6- Alarming dropouts

Lack of management and discipline in schools leads many students to drop out from school. This trend is due to punishment in schools, poor parenting, lack of motivation, unattractive school environment, child labor & poverty are also very significant reasons of huge drop out from schools, colleges and universities. It shows that almost 30% of children enrolled in primary education. This trend has added to low literacy rate in Pakistan.

7- Examination system

Students are evaluated on the basis of annual exams, semester wise assessments. Both quantitative and qualitative exams should be introduced to judge the performance of students on comprehensive level and exams should evaluate the student’s ability through various types of reliable assessments like case studies, research papers, MCQs, Comprehensive subjective questions, Analytical questions to check the conceptual understanding of students especially in higher classes (Rehman, 2011).

In Pakistan examination system is faulty and it tests only the memory of students, there is use of unfair means, bribery, cheating, issuance of duplicate marks sheets, changes of marks, change of answer sheets, impersonation. This present examination system has promoted rote memorization and cramming. It has badly failed in producing critical thinking, analytical skills, learning, intellectual power and visionary reflection in the students at all levels of education. It does not measure the strength, achievements and performance of students (Quereshi, 1975).

Modular system of examination in Medical Universities is producing incompetent students with insufficient knowledge of Anatomy which is the backbone of medicine studies. In modular system a single paper for three subjects is given to students. Students prepare easy subjects to pass the exam and leave the difficult and important subject of Anatomy for choice. Therefore, this method has tarnished the strong foundations of learning and performing badly. Doctors produced with such type of examination with lack of proper understanding of subject will not be able to serve the humanity honestly and do the justice with their profession.

In our education system educational institutions are used as breeding grounds for political parties and in colleges and universities these groups nurture. Students get benefits by being part of any political party during exams. A list of students is provided to the teacher by the student leader to pass them in the exam, admissions are given on the party basis, exams are marked and checked on party basis because mostly teachers are also working for parties while sitting in educational institutions. During Board or University exam by giving money to the invigilator, students are allowed to cheat in the exam, Students throw question paper outside the window and one of the party rep climbs up the tree near the window with Megaphone and starts dictating answers by calling up question numbers. Honest Teachers are threatened and sometimes gunned and killed in case they are not willing to listen to the unfair demands of the students of different parties.

Some of the teachers are also involved in malpractices. They leak the paper by charging handsome amounts or solve the papers for students or allow students to solve the papers by cheating from books, material or from some good student. In board exams, before submission of sheets to the board office representative student is asked to write down correct answers. Teachers are themselves involved in such political activities and award “F” grade to students who are not in their party.

In Russia there is no exam system like ours. Students study through out the year and at the end of year teacher can ask any question from the book to pass the candidate and check his understanding & knowledge of the subject.

8- Poor supervision standards

To monitor teaching and learning, poor and harsh standards of evaluation and punishment are used which in some case leads to termination of jobs . At primary school level teacher’s evaluation is not possible. Secondary Schools/Cambridge Schools are evaluated through Board exam results/CAIE results. In college, again Board or University exam results are the criteria to judge the academic performance of Student and Teacher’s teaching. Whereas, actually there is an increase in tuitions instead of relying on School or College teaching. Students and their parents are compelled to go for tuitions due pressure of good grades and admissions in good educational institutions. There are many tuition centres, coaching centres, academies where the same teachers who were unable to impart quality education give quality tuitions by charging heavy amounts and prepare students well to score good grades. The low salaries demotivate them in their institutions to impart good education. In Universities students are given power to evaluate teaching and their grading becomes part of an Annual Evaluation Report which is essential for promotion or benefit of the faculty. This system is again polluted by involvement of computer department staff, Student coordinators and by bribing students to give bad remarks about any teacher. Some insincere and corrupt teachers mark students’ attendance and give them good marks, tell them questions of exams and do immoral activities to get good evaluation from students. Teachers who are honest and hard working are ranked low by students. Even at higher education institutions there is lobbying and politics through which false evaluation against any faculty can be prepared to get rid of the unwanted faculty by the management. So, in short, supervision system is more prone to harassment and control over the teaching staff rather than providing proper guideline and training for the improvement of teaching methodologies & strategies. (Rehman, 2011).

9- Internal and external influence

In Education sector external factors are coming outside the system through politicians and they bring changes in the system to give favor to their families, relatives, friends etc. Internal factors are bureaucratic manipulations (Mazhar, 2011).

There is great favoritism and Nepotism in cases of transfers, Appointments, Promotions, Salaries, Grades & Work Stations. Due to this the basic Infrastructure of the Education System in Pakistan has been badly affected (LOUIS, 1987).

10- Lack of resources

There are not proper Libraries with physical space for Students to Study. Books are not available, No digital libraries, no computer Facility in the library especially in public sector colleges & universities. No proper lighting, no AC, no Generators in case of power break down are available to make studies more comfortable for the desirous and ambitious students. Class rooms are over-crowded, corridors are flooded with students, Inadequate and Inefficient teachers, Laboratories without required apparatus & equipment of practical learning have resulted into a situation of despair and low standard of Education (Louis, 1987).

11- Lack of policy implementation

Frequent political turmoil and change of governments have made policy implementation in its true letter and spirit impossible. Corruption, Lack of Resources, Lack of teacher’s involvement in policies and inconsistency in successive planning on the part of various political regimes in Pakistan. Teachers are ignored while designing Education policies which has led to alienation between teachers and the system of Education (Zaki, 1989).

12- Low budgetary allocation for education

Education system in Pakistan has been crippled mainly due allocation of scarce financial resources in budget. The Education Budget which is definitely not sufficient to fulfill the growing needs of population and involvement of modern technology in the education system, low salaries, high taxation are also hindering the growth of this sector. Taxes are even imposed on the hourly payment of visiting faculty at the rate of ten percent from filers and twenty percent from non-filers which is really unjustified and reduces the meagre earning.

In many countries like Bangladesh & Sri Lanka the Education share in total budget of the country is increasing but in Pakistan it is continuously declining (Sayan, 2012).

13- Corruption

Corruption is another factor responsible for deterioration of the Education System, use of unfair means, nepotism, favors in transfer, promotion and appointments and decision making, misuse of funds, use of illegal authority by the school management, Gender based exploitation and harassment are the subsidiaries of corruption .

14- Lack of faculty training and development

Educational institutions do not spend available funds on the training and development of teachers. They are neither sent to attend the workshops, courses, seminars or conferences to groom themselves and learn the modern techniques and methodologies of teaching. Here again only few favorite teachers are selected for these trainings and most of the teachers remain deprived of any opportunity to groom their teaching skills.

15- Non- availability of public transport/ parking/traffic congestion

Most of the private schools are located in residential areas usually in bungalows to avoid taxes. Here the big issue is non-availability of public transport, parking and traffic congestion on daily basis. This makes both students and teachers tired and stressed because of wastage of lots of time of travelling to and from school to home. This unnecessary delay in timings also affects the quality of education. Mostly schools do not provide their conveyance to students, teachers and staff but ask them to avail transport of the companies with which the senior management set commission.

16- Opening up of large nuber of private schools

There is opening up of various private schools with a shift from Matric system to O & A level with Up-to-date modern technologies. They have comparatively better infrastructure, spacious class rooms, low strengths of class, more trained teachers, with proper sanitary conditions, counselors, doctors, psychologist, its teachers, sports teacher, swimming pools, etc. Creativity of students is enhanced through various activities. These facilities are missing in public schools so parents prefer to send their children to nearby private schools.

17- Politics in education

Different political parties prepare their representatives amongst students. Different teachers also involve them in this exercise as party members. These teacher in exchange of this get favors and benefits from parties by helping their students in getting admissions, provision of question papers, awarding of good grades as per list provided by the party.

18- Compulsion to purchase stationery, syllabus, uniforms and other items from school shop

School management compels parents to purchase the required stationery, syllabus, uniforms and all other required study material from their own school’s shop where the rates are too high as compared to the open market. This puts burden on the finances of the family and parents have to change the school or leave the school. The school charge fess for 3 moths and invest this amount in different profit schemes to earn interest on it.

During COVID-19 pandemic when due lock down schools were closed and even online classes were not in practice, school charged full fee from the students and parents had no option except listening to the management and doing as they demand to keep admission of their child locked and secured.

19- Entry tests, coaching and paper out

All the admissions have been linked with admission test in more or less all institutions making the credibility of different schools, boards, colleges and universities doubtful just to give benefits to the students who are non-deserving and not coming on merit with their results. Every year we hear about MCAT test, usually tests are postponed or test paper is out and re-exam is arranged and many of the students with good grades are pushed out of the admission list. The private colleges have their own test criteria and select students as per their own policies and even charge fees as per their own policies. Most of the deserving, hard working students due to the demand of heavy fees are forced to move towards some other institution. Every year PMDC is dissolved. For these entry tests students join academies, tuition centres and coaching centre and pay high charges to prepare for admission in all these high ranked Engineering and Medical institutes.

These admission tests are introduced to favor their own families, relatives, friends or workers of the political parties to strengthen their vote bank in their constituency.

These tests are fake, their results are fake, the merit lists displayed are fake. In this way many deserving students do not get chance to pursue education of their own choice.

20- Theoretical knowledge inplace of practical learning

Students are given only bookish theoretical knowledge instead of practical knowledge. Most of the students even after getting degrees do not meet the requirement of jobs and are unable to be absorbed in the working population. Students should be sent at least for one semester in organizations before their graduation so that they may become acquainted with the office environment and familiar with the working of different reputable organizations. Activities, Role plays, Case Studies, Worksheets, Research Projects, Seminars, Symposiums, Lecture Series, Events should be organized for the students with their hundred percent involvement so the students not only own the activity but get an opportunity to meet influential people from big companies of reputable brands.

21- Lack of liaison between industry and educational institutions

Mostly universities have no liaison with industries and therefore their students face problems at the time of induction. Universities should invite industrialists to teach courses especially in the last two semester of their studies so that students can learn about the ins and outs of the industrial workings and may get a chance of absorption in the industry as employees.

22- Non-participatory in nation building

Education Sector is not playing any role in Nation Building. Our Education System is producing students with mindset that only foreign countries are providing good education and to get good job it is necessary to become foreign graduates. Mostly Students lack patriotism, civic sense, loyalty and love for their homeland and people living here and treat them as inferior to the foreign world. So being Status conscious and due ostentatious effect our crème has moved abroad for higher education. On the other hand, students who get them enrolled here in Pakistan after getting degrees and job search find it best to move abroad for higher studies, job and career growth. Once they get job, they prefer to stay there on permanent basis and become citizens of that country with dual nationality status. Our best youth has settled in European Countries, USA, UK, Canada, Germany, Spain, Italy, Australia, Malaysia, South Africa and Gulf Region and rendering their best services and earning handsome salaries and maintaining luxury life styles in those countries without any fear of security, terrorist attacks, bomb blasts, sectarian riots, traffic congestions, pollution, Smog, energy Shortage etc. By being there they feel satisfied and happy. They do not send any remittances here instead they are calling up their families, relatives and friends to come and transfer their assets to those countries making Pakistan’s economy weaker with this outflow of resources. Our Doctors, Engineers, Architects, Retired Army Officers, Bankers, health workers paramedical staff, skilled labor, business graduates, pilots, Air men, Air Technicians, Aircraft Engineers, Educationists, Insurance Agents, Scientists and Researcher have moved to Western countries and are not willing to come back or serve the Nation.

23- Pupil teacher, pupil school and teacher school ratio

These ratios are very important. If there are more peoples in one class then teacher cannot give individual attention to students. Weak students are neglected and gap between strong and weak students widens. If pupil school ratio increases then infrastructure does not accommodate the increased number of students and in place of two students, three or four students are asked to sit. Other facilities like availability of labs, computers, access to canteens, sports items, playgrounds, washrooms etc. become less for the large number of people. If schools have low number of teachers hirings then work load for one teacher is overburdened and individual attention, mood, behavior, marking of copies/assignments or imparting of quality education is disturbed. The ideal class size is 30 students at most for one teacher but in our universities sometimes more than 100 students are accommodated in one class.

24- Non-availability of electricity

Load shedding and energy crisis in the country has devastatingly ruined the quality of education. In summer when the weather is hot and humid, then in the class of 68-70 students when teacher has very limited space to move, then there is suffocation, lack of oxygen, smell of sweat and loss of student’s attention in studies. This is a source of big demotivation for students and teachers and they want to leave.

25- Non-availability of drinking and washing water in toilets

In most of the schools clean drinking water is not available. Mostly the washrooms are not cleaned on regular basis so health hazards are faced by the students and teachers especially female students suffer a lot because of this. Mostly, schools’ students suffer from cholera, diarrhea, typhoid etc.

26- Non-availability of boundary wall

There are many schools in villages, towns and even cities where schools are working without boundary walls, which has become a security hazard.

27- Terrorist attacks and child killing

Terrorist attacks in schools like APS, Peshawar where a large number of students were killed. Schools are force to provide security to students. Attacks on students, teachers, on school buses, entrance of school buildings have decreased enrollment in schools.

28- Female students and female teachers’ harassment

Female students and female teachers are sexually harassed by male teachers. Many students are threatened not to speak against the culprit. In universities many male teachers award good grades to female students after their sexual assault. In jobs, females involved in such type of illicit activities and involved with the management get all kind of benefits of increments; increase in salaries, courses abroad, promotions and in some cases female faculty was awarded PhD degrees even when their research work was not up to the mark and rejected by external supervisors.

29- Parent’s input for improvement of education system at all levels

Parents should be involved at all education levels to maintain the high standards of education and learning.

30- Cost of education

The economic cost is higher in private schools and they are located in rich localities only though they provide better quality of education. Public schools ensure equitable access but low-quality education.

31- Cultural constraints and traditional taboos

Due to cultural constraints and traditional taboos parents prefer early marriages of their girls instead of sending them to schools. Similarly, mothers feel comfortable when girls stay home and help mothers in baby sitting and finishing household chores. In some of the areas only boys are sent to schools considering them as head of the future families and girls are asked to learn some family skills like embroidery, weaving, pottery or for cattle care.

32- Illiteracy of parents and parental concerns

Due to non – availability of Education and lack of awareness poor parents have number of children in the hope that they will become their earning hands and instead of sending them to school their mothers working in different houses as domestic help take them along for the baby sitting of the children of theses houses and demand money for that. They think that investing girls will be of benefit to the in laws or her husband since they will not get any return from it so its better as long as girls are staying in their homes they should earn and bring money for the family.

33- Learning crisis:

The education system is not producing students who are learning from education as per the requirement of the standard in which they are studying. Maybe a student studying in class five does have the knowledge of class two or three only. This Learning Crisis has become the biggest issue of our current education system. It means there is wide gap between school input and school output.

34- Distance:

There are many schools which are far from some of villages and there are no means of transportation and children have to walk on foot to reach schools miles away from their homes which is not possible for girl students to do as parents do not want to send their girls unattended and do not accompany them since they have to work to meet both ends.

Recommendations:

• Budget allocation should be increased as per international standards of education.
• Schools should be shifted on solar system to handle the issue of load shedding.
• Pupil teacher, pupil school and teacher school ratios should be balanced and class strength, teacher’s number and number of classrooms should be in accordance to the international education standards.
• Boundary walls should be made. Security staff should be hired, CCTV cameras should be installed, student teacher and staff should be issued identity cards.
• For teacher training and development quality professional institutes with sufficient funds should be set up.
• Political and bureaucratic influence should be minimized at all educational levels.
• The system of accountability should be strengthened and all associated in education system are trained to own responsibilities both at individual and collective basis.
• Curriculum should be revised on annual basis and new strategies and methods should be incorporated to align our education system with other countries.
• Examination system should be made free of unfair means, Mafia culture and illegal gratification. Supervision and monitoring should be strong to subside this element.
• Policies should be implemented with delay and in continuity to get their outcomes.
• The culture of research should be promoted in the educational institutions.
• There should be Academia industrial linkage programs to make our education practical and our students capable of absorption in the job market.
• Introduction of technical and vocational trainings at secondary schools.
• Increasing public expenditure on education and skill generation from 2.7% of GDP to 5% of GDP and then to 7% of GDP.
• Reduce polarization and try to introduce uniform standards at all types of schools.
• Enhance the scale and quality of education in general and the scale and quality of scientific/technical education in Pakistan in particular.

Conclusion:

Sense education is developing not only mind but it also cleans and grooms our body and soul. We not only get education for economic reason but to handle social, political, psychological, ethical, legal and spiritual issues of our life. Education turns a raw human into a polished human being which becomes human capital of any nation and key to the development of that country. With education many countries are ruling the world and have become leaders in the comity of nations. The current system has made our younger generation direction directionless and uncertain about their future so they are leaving Pakistan and settling down in developed countries. The lawlessness, fear of loss of life, terrorist attacks, unemployment, inflation, exchange rate fluctuation, overpopulation, poverty, taxes and IMF loans are producing forces of degree holders without any vision, mission, critical thinking, reflection, analysis, research and creativity. Our outdated curriculum is pushing our youth towards stone age instead of directing them towards the fast-changing technology driven world. Traditional teaching is giving theoretical knowledge to students but practical learning is missing.

Finally, education reforms are the only solution to change the existing education system so following recommendations are suggested for the policy makers, thinkers, researchers, educationists and common people. Hope it will add value in the research and development of both student and teachers.

References:

• http://library.aepam.edu.pk/Books/Pakistan%20Education%20Statistics%202017-18.pdf
• https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED570671.pdf
• https://contentgenerate.com/problems-of-education-sector-solutions-pakistan-content-generate/
• https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_22/PES10-EDUCATION.pdf
• https://ipripak.org/education-system-of-pakistan-issues-problems-and-solutions/
• https://www.morenews.pk/real-issues-education-system-pakistan/
• Zaki W. M., “Evaluation of Education Plans and Projects”, Islamabad, National Book Foundation, 1989.
• Save the Children & UNICEF “Disciplining The Child Practices and Impacts”, NWFP: School & Lietarcy Department, 2005.
• Rehman H. and Khan N., “The flaws in Pakistan’s Education System”, Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences, vol/issue: 4(1), 2011.
• Louis D. H., “The crises of Education in Pakistan”, Lahore, Vanguard Book Ltd., 1987.
• Iqbal M., “Education in Pakistan”, Lahore, Aziz publishers, 1981.
• Qurashi I. H., “Education in Pakistan”, Karachi, Ma,aref LTD, 1975.
• Sayan, Fida, and Hussain, “Pakistan existing education system”, 2008. Retrieved from Retrieved from www.eric.articles/pak/edu on dated 2012, July 18.
• Naseem J. Q., “Problem of Education in Pakistan”, Karachi, Royal Book Company, 1990.
• Government of Pakistan, Ministry of Education. “National Assessment Findings”, Islamabad, National Education System, 2006.
• Ahmed, Iqbal.,” Critical Analysis of the Problems of Education in Pakistan: Possible Solutions”, . International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol.3, No.2, June 2014, pp. 79~84 ISSN: 2252-8822.

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Giving every child the right to education.

Pakistan is facing a serious challenge to ensure all children, particularly the most disadvantaged, attend, stay and learn in school. While enrollment and retention rates are improving, progress has been slow to improve education indicators in Pakistan. 

An estimated 22.8 million children aged 5-16 are out-of-school.

Currently, Pakistan has the world’s second-highest number of out-of-school children (OOSC) with an estimated 22.8 million children aged 5-16 not attending school, representing 44 per cent of the total population in this age group. In the 5-9 age group, 5 million children are not enrolled in schools and after primary-school age, the number of OOSC doubles, with 11.4 million adolescents between the ages of 10-14 not receiving formal education. Disparities based on gender, socio-economic status, and geography are significant; in Sindh, 52 percent of the poorest children (58 percent girls) are out of school, and in Balochistan, 78 percent of girls are out of school.

Nearly 10.7 million boys and 8.6 million girls are enrolled at the primary level and this drops to 3.6 million boys and 2.8 million girls at the lower secondary level.

Gender-wise, boys outnumber girls at every stage of education.

Gaps in service provision at all education levels is a major constraint to education access.  Socio-cultural demand-side barriers combined with economic factors and supply-related issues (such as availability of school facility), together hamper access and retention of certain marginalized groups, in particular adolescent girls. Putting in place a credible data system and monitoring measures to track retention and prevent drop-out of out-of-school children is still a challenge.

At systems level, inadequate financing, limited enforcement of policy commitments and challenges in equitable implementation impede reaching the most disadvantaged. An encouraging increase in education budgets has been observed though at 2.8 percent of the total GDP, it is still well short of the 4 percent target.

In order to accelerate progress and ensure the equitable expansion of quality education, UNICEF supports the Government of Pakistan’s efforts to significantly reduce the number of OOSC at pre-primary, primary and lower secondary levels. Our education programme is focusing on Early Childhood Education (ECE) to improve school readiness; expansion of equitable and quality alternative learning pathways (ALP) at basic education levels; and nurturing of school-community linkages to increase on-time enrolment, reduce drop-outs, and ensure completion and transition for all students. At systems levels, we are contributing to more equity-focused provincial sector planning and budgeting; strengthening data and assessment systems; and evidence-based policy advocacy.

Early Childhood Education (ECE)

Investment in quality early learning/pre-primary education so that young children are ‘ready for school’ has high positive impacts on primary school enrolment, survival and learning, and is cost-effective.

The benefits of ECE are highest for children from poor and vulnerable households.

Given the limited reach and inequities in the provision of pre-primary education, Pakistan is increasingly recognizing early learning as a policy priority, and several provinces have already developed ECCE policies, plans, and standards.

Alternative Learning Pathways (ALP)

While several models exist for ALPs, these are still scattered and limited in scale. UNICEF is addressing the issue of OOSC through studies, supporting provincial sector plan development, development or review of non-formal education policy and direct programme implementation. This wealth of experience now provides the evidence, know-how, and momentum for UNICEF to support federal and provincial governments in broadening ALPs within education systems to bring OOSC into primary education, with a specific focus on adolescent girls.

School-Community Linkages

Socio-cultural demand-side barriers combined with economic factors together drive education deprivation for certain groups of children in Pakistan, particularly girls. These barriers are further exacerbated by a lack of parental awareness of early learning, importance of on-time enrolment, and lack of social protection schemes. UNICEF is therefore focusing more closely on the obstacles to on-time enrolment, retention, completion and transition.

Equity in Education

Equity-based investments by government continue to be the key way to ensure education systems include the most disadvantaged girls and boys. Considering insufficient and ineffective allocation of budgets, UNICEF strategically engages in sector planning, to capitalise on opportunities to influence decision-making on equity issues.

UNICEF’s growing technical capacity and focus on assessment of learning, and international expertise also provides an opportunity to add value to Pakistan’s efforts to improve assessment systems. System reforms help in improving accountability and evidence-based decision making. UNICEF supports healthy dialogue on education budgeting and public financing, to highlight areas of improvement for better planning and improvement in the education sector.

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Reports and Data

Pakistan Education Statistics 2016-17

Out of School Children in Azad Jammu & Kashmir Report , UNICEF, December 2016

  Out of School Children in Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Fact Sheet , UNICEF, December 2016

Out of School Children in Gilgit-Baltistan Report , UNICEF, December 2016

Out of School Children in Gilgit-Baltistan, Fact Sheet , UNICEF, December 2016

Review of Alternative Learning Programmes in Pakistan 2014-15

Simulations for Equity in Education (SEE) Balochistan Model Factsheet , UNICEF, December 2016

Social Cohesion and Resilience booklet

Access to Education and Social Cohesion in Pakistan-Summary of findings from End line survey , UNICEF, December 2017

Pakistan OOSC Study. UNICEF, 2013

South Asia Regional Study on OOSC. UNICEF, 2014

The Investment Case for Education and Equity. UNICEF, 2015

Education System in Pakistan Essay

This essay provides a simplified overview of Pakistan’s education system, highlighting its structure, literacy rates, and the challenges it faces. It emphasizes the need for significant improvements to ensure quality education for all children in the country.

The Federal Ministry of Education and the provincial governments in Pakistan manage the country’s education system. The federal government mainly helps with developing the curriculum, giving accreditation, and funding research and development. The education system has six levels: preschool (ages 3-5), primary (grades 1-5), middle (grades 6-8), secondary (grades 9-10, ending with the Secondary School Certificate or SSC), intermediate (grades 11-12, ending with a Higher Secondary School Certificate or HSSC), and university programs for undergraduate and graduate degrees.

As of 2022, 72% of people in Pakistan can read and write. The literacy rate is higher for men (81.22%) than for women (54.71%). However, these rates can vary. For example, in tribal areas, only 9.5% of women can read and write, while in Azad Kashmir, the literacy rate is 74%. Pakistan has the second-highest number of children not in school (22.8 million) in the world, after Nigeria.

Pakistan’s education system faces many challenges. These include a low literacy rate compared to other countries, high unemployment among educated young people (over 31% are jobless), and fewer job opportunities for women compared to men.

Pakistan’s education system is complex and has changed a lot over the years. The government has tried to improve it, but there is still much work to do to make sure every child in Pakistan can get a good education.

How to improve education system in pakistan essay

Making Pakistan’s education system better is a big job that needs to solve many important problems. Here are some ideas from different sources:

Same Curriculum for All : All schools should teach the same things, no matter how rich or poor they are. This will make the education system fairer and more united.

Training for Teachers : The government should hold seminars and set up institutes to train teachers to teach better. Also, programs that give money to train teachers can make education better.

More Education in Rural Areas : Extra efforts should be made to promote education in rural areas where fewer people can read and write.

More Money for Education : Every year, more money should be given to education to build more schools and make education better.

Practical and Performance-based Marking : Exams should not only be based on the syllabus; instead, there should be more practical and performance-based marking.

Use of Technology : Using digital systems to keep track of staff, students, and school buildings can help solve problems like teachers not coming to school and not having reliable information about the school.

Working with NGOs : The growing number of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in Pakistan to improve education can be used for better results.

Making Pakistan’s education system better needs a complete approach that solves its many challenges. It needs not only changes in policy and buildings but also a change in culture towards valuing education and recognizing its important role in the development of the country.

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Essay on Education In Pakistan With Outline

Essay on Education In Pakistan With Outline . Essay on Education In Pakistan With Outline: Inside Pakistan, the system of educational sector is comprised of educational centers that are engaged in the services of offering formal education. The educational sector offers education in almost all public and private, for-profit and nonprofit, and onsite or virtual instruction. If we do define it in broader terms, then it would also be identified to be the system that is engaged in covering up the services of the financing along with the managing and operations too. They do have their own rules and regulations that is giving out guidance with respect to the individual and institutional interactions that are all known to be the main part of the education system. Scroll down and you will be able to learn about the statistics of Pakistan’s educational sector and about the issues rising in Pakistan’s educational system.

For the information of the readers, we would like to mention that the education system of Pakistan is basically comprised of 260,903 institutions. All the institutions are giving out the best educational services to almost 41,018,384 students all along with the helping hand services of 1,535,461 teachers. The system adds up with the coverage of 180,846 public institutions and almost 80,057 private institutions.

Main and Important Issues in Pakistan’s Educational System:

It is a common fact that Pakistan is a developing country before it is facing a huge sum of problems in almost all of its sectors and Pakistan’s Educational system is one of the main mentioned sectors. Some of the common issues that are taking place in Pakistan’s educational system:

• Lack of Proper Planning: Pakistan is facing the issue of not having many of the MDGs and EFA goals. This is the main reason that it is predicted that Pakistan would not be able to meet high standards of international education because of the lack of finances.
• Social Hurdles: Another one of the main issues that are so far coming across is about the social! Issues that are coming in the way of the social and cultural orientation of the people should be rendered so that much of the educational system of Pakistan can be improved.
• Gap of Gender: One of the major and most important reasons of them all is the gender gap in which girls are shown backward position. Sometimes poverty and cultural constraints can also be mentioned as one of the main reasons for not bringing any sort of improvement in the educational system of Pakistan.

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Challenges and Opportunities in Pakistan’s Education System: An In-Depth Analysis”

Table of Contents

Introduction:

The education system plays a key role in shaping the future of a nation. In the case of Pakistan, the education system is an important component that influences the country’s socio-economic development. education system in pakistan essay This article highlights the challenges and opportunities within Pakistan’s education system, examines the current situation, and suggests possible solutions.

Historical Context:

To understand the complexities of the Education system in Pakistan, it is important to consider its historical context. Various reforms have been implemented over the years to improve the quality of education. However, persistent challenges continue to hinder progress.

Challenges:

Access to education:.

One of the primary challenges facing the education system in Pakistan is limited access to quality education, especially in rural areas. Factors such as poverty, gender disparity, and inadequate infrastructure contribute to this problem.education system in pakistan essay

Quality of Education:

Despite efforts to improve access, the quality of education remains a concern. Outdated curriculum, lack of trained teachers, and inadequate resources hinder students’ development of critical thinking skills and practical knowledge.

Curriculum Challenges:

The curriculum in Pakistan is criticized for being rote and outdated. It needs to be reformed to align with contemporary requirements and global standards. education system in pakistan essay

Teacher Training:

Inadequate training for teachers and a lack of qualified teachers hinders the delivery of quality education.

Gender Differences:

Gender inequality is prevalent in the education system, with girls facing barriers to education, including cultural norms, early marriage, and limited facilities for female students. Bridging this gap is very important for the overall development of the nation.

Cultural and social norms:

Deep-rooted cultural norms often favour male education, leading to gender-based discrimination in access to schooling.

Early marriage:

Early marriage, especially in rural areas, increases the dropout rate among girls.

Infrastructure and Resources:

Inadequate infrastructure, funds, and lack of modern teaching resources hamper the education system’s effectiveness. Many schools need more basic facilities like electricity, clean water, and proper sanitation.

Opportunities:

Education Reforms:

Implementation of comprehensive education reforms is essential to address the current challenges. Revising curricula to global standards, improving teacher training programs, and updating education policies can pave the way for positive change.

Technology Integration:

Adopting technology in education can enhance learning experiences. Initiatives such as e-learning platforms, digital libraries, and online resources can help overcome geographic barriers and provide quality education to a wider audience.

Community involvement Education System in Pakistan Essay:

Involving communities in the educational process can lead to better outcomes. Encouraging parent involvement, establishing community schools, and fostering partnerships between schools and local organizations can create a supportive learning environment.

Focus on Vocational Education:

Promoting vocational Education can bridge the gap between education and employment. By equipping students with practical skills, the Education system can better prepare them for the demands of the job market.

Conclusion:

The education system in Pakistan faces multifaceted challenges, but it also has enormous potential for positive change. Addressing issues related to access, quality, gender disparity, and infrastructure requires a concerted effort involving government initiatives, community participation, and innovative educational practices. By taking advantage of the opportunities for reform and technology, Pakistan can build a strong education system that empowers its citizens and contributes to the country’s overall development.

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Education system in Pakistan – Exploratory Essay

Introduction

In my essay, I intend to explore the education system in Pakistan. In Pakistan, education is overseen by the Ministry of Education, which works for the government and provincial governments. The federal government assists with accreditation, financing of development and research, and assists with the creation of nationwide curriculums. Here are the other things I discovered about the Pakistani education system.

Children between the ages of five to sixteen are obligated to have free education thanks to article 25-A of the Constitution of Pakistan. The manner to which they are entitled to free education is determined by the law.

Literacy rates vary wildly from area to area. In Islamabad, the literacy level of inhabitants is at its highest at 96%, and in the Kohlu District it is its lowest at 28%. The age range of people has a massive effect on their literacy rate. People between the ages of 55 to 64 have a literacy rate of 38%. People between the ages of 45 and 54 have a literacy rate of 46%. People between the ages of 25 and 34 have a literacy rate of 57%, and people between the ages of 15 and 24 have literacy rate of 72%. These are only averages based on age, but it is a clear indication that the education system in Pakistan has been slowly improving over the years, as the literacy rate seems to go up at ages go down.

Literacy rates are the lowest within female populations, with many women not being literate at all. There are tribal areas in Pakistan where the literacy rate for women is as low as 9.5%.

There are five levels within the Pakistani education system. This means that like the US education system it has grades, and in this case, the grades work in levels. Level one starts at primary and that is for grades one to five. The middle level goes through grades six to eight. The third level goes from grades nine to ten. At this point, the student may be able to achieve his or her Secondary School Certificate (SSC). The fourth level goes from grade eleven to twelve, through which a student may receive his or her HSC, which is the Higher Secondary Certificate. The fifth level includes attendance at a University, in which a student may earn an undergraduate and graduate degree.

The English language is the fastest spreading language in Pakistan, with over 11% of the population speaking it, which is 18 million Pakistani people. Though it is only 11% of the population, it does mean that Pakistan is the third largest nation of English speakers in the world, with it being the second largest nation of English speakers in Asia. Conclusion

The state of Pakistani education could still be a lot better, but they do produce around 10,000 computer science graduates and 445,000 university graduates per year. They also have a reasonably high literacy rate when compared with other countries, and is true even though their out-of-school population currently stands at 5.1 children, which is the second largest out-of-school population in the world–beaten only by Nigeria.

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Essay on education system in pakistan with outline | essay on education system of pakistan.

falling standard of education causes and remedies essay, essay on education , article on falling standard of education, write an article on education

The standard of education is declining bustling Pakistan day by day. Our educational institutions are producing not men of letters but men of money. They are not learned people with independent thinking and a wider and serious outlook on life. Their purpose in getting an education is not to prepare themselves for life. They want only a job that may give them money to buy luxuries of life and power to harm others. So they seek shortcuts to pass their examinations so that they may achieve their goal as soon as possible and with as little labor as they can. Unfortunately, our examination system is so outdated and misplanned that it helps them achieve this aim.

Great progress has been made in every field of study. But the method of testing a person's knowledge is still old. People have now started crying against the present examination system. They argue that it is only a good means of testing a student's memory But it can tell us nothing about his real ability.

Examinations cause to worry because so much depends on them. They are all the mark of success or failure in our society. Your whole future may be decided on one fateful day. It does not matter that you were not feeling well or that your mother died. If you fail in the examination, you will be considered as dull as a donkey.

The aim and object of education should be to train us to think for ourselves. The examination system does anything but has to follow and learn only what is clearly defined by a syllabus. Thus examinations encourage memorization. We mug up some important questions that may occur in the examination paper and then vomit them out in the examination. Thus examinations do not motivate a student to read widely.

Then teachers themselves are judged by examination results. So they are compelled to train their students in examination techniques . It is often seen that the most successful students are those who are best trained in examination techniques and not those who are best educated.

The series of misfortunes through which a student has to pass during his academic life does not end here. They are judged by some anonymous examiner. Examiners are only human. they get tired, hungry, and angry while evaluating answer books. Yet they have to mark piles of hastily written scripts in a limited amount of time. Everybody knows that their word carries weight. You cannot protest against the injustice done to you by the examiner.

Examinations have become a profitable business for the institutions that run them. They collect huge fees from the students each year and then spend them lavishly on the maintenance of their offices and cars. This system requires a drastic change. Syllabi should be revised. They should be in harmony with the mental level of the students and the requirements of the country.

Teachers should be imparted proper training before they are assigned the noble job of teaching. In the examination, a student's insight, receptive and reflective power, and ability to express himself in a lucid and clear manner should be checked. Only then can we produce another Jinnah, Iqbal, or Salam.

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Education Problems in Pakistan Essay

I. introduction.

The education system in Pakistan is a federal responsibility, with the provinces responsible for implementing policies and managing schools. However, due to a lack of funding and resources, the education system in Pakistan has been facing several issues. The literacy rate in Pakistan is around 62.3% . The enrollment rate in primary schools is around 78% . Furthermore, the education system in Pakistan consists of five levels : primary, middle, secondary, higher secondary, and tertiary. This essay aims to discuss education problems in Pakistan.

The education system in Pakistan is facing a number of challenges that have resulted in poor quality of education and limited access to education for many children in the country. These include lack of access to education in rural areas, inadequate funding, gender inequality, and poor quality of education. The high rates of illiteracy in Pakistan are a reflection of these challenges. The inadequate funding for education has resulted in dilapidated school buildings and inadequate resources. Gender inequality in education is also a significant issue, with girls facing more barriers to access and completion of education than boys.

Also Read: Islamophobia: Challenges and Ways to Combat for Ummah Essay

II. Lack of Access to Education

High rates of illiteracy in pakistan.

Illiteracy is a major issue in Pakistan, with a literacy rate of only 60% according to the 2021-2022 Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement ( PSLM ) survey. The literacy rate is even lower among women, with only 46.49% , according to statista.com. The literacy rate is also lower in rural areas compared to urban areas, with only 44% of rural residents being literate compared to 72% of urban residents. This disparity in literacy rates between rural and urban areas highlights the lack of access to education in rural areas.

Additionally, there are also significant disparities in literacy rates among different ethnic groups in Pakistan. Balochistan province has the lowest literacy rate at only 38%. These high rates of illiteracy in Pakistan have significant implications for the country’s development and progress, as education is a key factor in economic and social development.

Lack of schools and trained teachers in certain areas

The lack of schools and trained teachers in certain areas of Pakistan is one of the major problems facing the education system in the country. In many rural areas, there is a shortage of schools and many children do not have access to education. In 2019, Pakistan’s gross primary education enrollment rate was 95.4% nationwide—102.3% for boys and 87.9% for girls ( World Bank 2021 ) This is not enough to meet the needs of the country’s population. Additionally, many of these schools are in poor condition and lack basic facilities, such as clean drinking water and toilets.

Furthermore, there is also a shortage of trained teachers in many areas of Pakistan. According to the Pakistan Education Statistics 2015-2016, there is a shortage of teachers in all provinces. The highest shortage is in the Balochistan province. This shortage of teachers is particularly acute in rural areas. Many schools do not have enough teachers to provide quality education to students. This shortage of teachers is due to several factors. A lack of incentives and poor working conditions are those which discourage people from becoming teachers.

III. Inadequate Funding

Limited government funding for education is one of the major problems facing the education system in Pakistan. According to the Pakistan Economic Survey 2018-2019, the government’s budget allocation for education was only 2.2% of the total budget. This is far below the internationally recommended target of 4-6% of GDP. This limited funding has resulted in inadequate resources and poor infrastructure in schools. This is making it difficult for students to receive a quality education. Many schools in Pakistan lack basic facilities such as clean drinking water, toilets, and electricity. The limited funding also affects the teacher’s salaries and training, which leads to a shortage of trained and motivated teachers.

The limited government funding for education also affects the higher education sector in Pakistan. The government’s allocation for higher education is inadequate. It leads to a lack of resources and poor infrastructure in universities. This affects the quality of education provided by these universities and makes it difficult for students to receive a quality education.

Limited private investment in education

Private sector investment in education is crucial for the development of the education system in Pakistan. It is because it can supplement government funding and provide additional resources and infrastructure. However, private investment in education in Pakistan is limited due to various factors. A lack of trust and transparency in the education sector, a lack of proper regulations and policies to encourage private investment, and a lack of awareness about the benefits of private investment in education are prominent.

Consequences of inadequate funding

One of the most significant consequences is the poor condition of school buildings and infrastructure. Many schools are in poor condition and are not well-maintained, which can be dangerous for students and teachers. Dilapidated school buildings and poor infrastructure can create an unhealthy and unsafe learning environment. It affects the quality of education provided to students.

Another consequence of inadequate funding is the lack of resources and materials available for students and teachers. Many schools in Pakistan lack basic resources such as textbooks, computers, and other educational materials. This makes it difficult for teachers to provide quality education to students and for students to learn effectively. Additionally, schools often lack resources such as science labs and libraries, which are essential for providing students with a well-rounded education.

IV. Gender Inequality

Gender inequality in education is a significant issue in Pakistan. Here, girls are facing more barriers to access and completion of education than boys. The disparity in enrollment rates is even greater in rural areas, where many girls do not have access to education. Additionally, the dropout rate for girls is higher than for boys, with many girls dropping out of school early due to societal attitudes and a lack of resources and support.

Societal attitudes towards girls’ education are a significant barrier to access and completion of education for girls in Pakistan. Many families view education as less important for girls and prioritize marriage and domestic responsibilities for them instead. Additionally, cultural and religious beliefs also play a role in limiting access to education for girls. For example, many girls are not allowed to attend school if it is far from home or if it requires them to mix with boys.

Another issue is the lack of female teachers and role models in schools. The lack of female teachers makes it difficult for girls to see themselves in leadership roles and can make it difficult for girls to feel comfortable in the classroom. Gender inequality in education has a significant impact on the education system in Pakistan, as it limits access to education for girls and affects the quality of education provided to girls.

V. Quality of Education

The quality of education provided in Pakistan is a significant issue facing the education system in the country. There are several factors that contribute to the poor quality of education provided in Pakistan. One of the most significant factors is inadequate teacher training and education. Many teachers in Pakistan do not receive adequate training or education, which makes it difficult for them to provide quality education to students. Additionally, many teachers are not motivated or engaged in their work, which can negatively affect the quality of education provided.

Another factor that contributes to the poor quality of education provided in Pakistan is the lack of emphasis on critical thinking and problem-solving in the curriculum . The curriculum in Pakistan is based on rote learning and memorization, which does not prepare students for the job market. This lack of emphasis on critical thinking and problem-solving makes it difficult for students to develop the skills necessary to succeed in the job market.

Lastly, the curriculum in Pakistan does not align with the current job market needs . The curriculum does not provide students with the necessary skills and knowledge for the current job market, which makes it difficult for students to find employment after graduation.

VI. Conclusion

In conclusion, the education system in Pakistan is facing a number of challenges that have resulted in poor quality of education and limited access to education for many children in the country. These challenges include lack of access to education in rural areas, inadequate funding, gender inequality, and poor quality of education. The high rates of illiteracy in Pakistan are a reflection of these challenges, as well as the limited number of schools and trained teachers in certain areas.

The inadequate funding for education has resulted in dilapidated school buildings and inadequate resources, while the lack of emphasis on critical thinking and problem-solving in the curriculum has resulted in a lack of preparedness for the job market. Gender inequality in education is also a significant issue, with girls facing more barriers to access and completion of education than boys.

To address these challenges, it is important for the government to increase its budget allocation for education, create a conducive environment for private investment in education, and promote gender equality in education. Furthermore, the government needs to improve teacher training and education. It should emphasize critical thinking and problem-solving in the curriculum, and align the curriculum with the current job market needs. It is also essential to provide resources and materials for students and teachers and to improve the quality of education provided in Pakistan. Only by addressing these challenges, the education system in Pakistan can improve, and the country can achieve its development and progress goals.

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Major Education Problems in Pakistan and Solutions (CSS Essay)

Table of Contents

What is Education?

Education is the simple process of learning and knowing. It is not restricted to the schools only. Education starts from the mother’s lap. Parents and family inculcate good manners and make responsible citizens out of their children. Home is called first school of the children, but the formal education starts from the school, where they are taught, how to behave and understand what is going on around them.

Importance of Education

“The foundation of every state is the education of its youth”. Diogenes Laertius

Education is very important for every human being. It makes one able to understand what is happening around us logically and clearly. Only educated person has the ability to take practical decisions and make right moves at the right time. Human existence without education is just like fecund land. Education not only enables individuals to put their potential to best use and do something productive in the upcoming future, but also plays a main role in shaping an individual to be a better, responsible citizen and an active member of the society. An educated person with self-confidence and precise moves knows how to transform the world. Education provides the ladder for achieving success in life and enables us to utilize skills and caliber in a constructive way. Therefore, it’s the prime responsibility of an individual to get educated and live a prosperous life while being a responsible citizen.

Education in Pakistan

Education plays a vital role in human capital formation. It raises the productivity and efficiency of individuals and thus produces skilled manpower that is capable of leading the economy towards the path of sustainable economic development.

The situation in Pakistan, like many other developing countries, is not very encouraging. The low enrolment rates at the primary level, wide disparities between regions and gender, lack of trained teachers, deficiency of proper teaching materials and poor physical infrastructure of schools indicate the poor performance of this sector.

Middle class go to a bit more affordable private institutes and the poor ones are left behind who then join the government institutes, with poor educational faculties.

The outcome of this class difference is that English medium schools students learn least about Islam but they gather a sound knowledge of outside world.

Apart from the above mentioned educational systems, another system is also being run i.e. seminary system imparting children solely with religious education and no emphasis on modern studies, producing a generation that knows well about religion but is deprived of essential modern education.

As the medium of education offered by all institutes is not the same, it leads to conflicts among the classes and sense of deprivation especially among the poor ones. This continues at higher education level as well, e.g. LUMS, IBA, GIKI etc these institutions are meant for the elite class, developing social class differences between the students of lower class institutes who might have better abilities and caliber than the students of these institutes, but their intelligence goes neglected, resulting in a waste of talent that could bring Pakistan to the best of its Success and development.

Moreover the examination system is nor fair and just. Corruption and bigotry prevail our education system at all levels, if you have contacts and resources you can climb up to as high a level of success as you desire, it is the poor and middle class that suffers always, and the Government seems to have turned deaf ear to the wimping of these deprived people.

The education status in Pakistan is not unstable since its establishment. The biggest reason why Pakistan’s lagging far behind many countries that were founded somewhere near the era in which Pakistan was formed, is its low literacy rate, i.e. poor education system.

Literacy rate of Pakistan is almost around 50% where the essentials for being termed an educated person are that you are able of reading and writing (34% aprox). Which is not a good sign, with a result that more than half of the literate ones are also not educated in a completely proper way?

Education teaches one the way of spending a good life, it teaches one the etiquettes, the proper manners, and civilities to live an honorable life. It changes a person’s mindset and makes him more flexible and poised in his attitude towards various aspects of life. As Most of the Pakistanis are deprived of their very basic right of getting educated they never become independent and are exploited and influenced by the educated ones, this creates great disparities in social classes. Corruption, feudalism, living on Loans, etc these are all the problems that arise as a result of poor education, hence, the people fail to elect correct people for the government and suffer whole their lives because the mindset cannot be altered except only with education So, it’s a dire need of the debilitating education-health status of the state that proper education system be implemented so that a just even social, economic and political system would be ensured. And soon shall Pakistan make its way to the soaring heights of Progress and development.

Problems in Education of Pakistan

Education is considered as the cheapest defense of a nation. But the down trodden condition of education in Pakistan bears an ample testimony of the fact that it is unable to defend its own sector. Though 62 years have been passed and 23 policies and action plans have been introduced yet the educational sector is waiting for an arrival of a savior. The government of Pervaiz Musharraf invested heavily in education sector and that era saw a visible positive educational change in Pakistani society. Now a days, the economic situation in Pakistan is under stress and education is the worse effected sector in Pakistan. The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan says,

“The state of Pakistan shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period.”

In Human development Report Pakistan is placed at 136th position for having just 49.9% educated populace. The primary completion rate in Pakistan, given by Date Center of UNESCO, is 33.8% in females and 47.18% in males, which shows that people in the 6th largest country of the world are unable to get the basic education.

Problems in Education

Following are the problems in education in Pakistan.

1. Education System is based on Unequal Lines

The educational system of Pakistan is based on unequal lines. Medium of education is different in both, public and private sector. This creates a sort of disparity among people, dividing them into two segments.

2. Regional Disparity

Regional disparity is also a major cause. The schools in Baluchistan (The Largest Province of Pakistan By Area) are not that much groomed as that of Punjab (The Largest Province of Pakistan By Population). In FATA, the literacy rate is deplorable constituting 29.5% in males and 3% in females.

3. Ratio of Gender Discrimination

The ratio of gender discrimination is a cause which is projecting the primary school ratio of boys & girls which is 10:4 respectively. For the last few years there has been an increase in the growth of private schools. That not only harms the quality of education but creates a gap among haves and has not.

4. Lack of Technical Education

The lack of technical education is a biggest flaw in the educational policy that has never been focused before. Therefore, less technical people mean less.

The allocation of funds for education is very low. It is only 1.5 to 2.0 percent of the total GDP. It should be around 7% of the total GDP.

6. Untrained Teachers

The teachers in government schools are not well trained. People who do not get job in any other sector, they try their luck in educational system. They are not professionally trained teachers so they are unable to train a nation.

Poverty is also another factor that restricts the parents to send their children to public or private schools. So, they prefer to send their children to madrassas where education is totally free.

Recently, minister of education announced a new Education policy for that next 10 years. The interesting thing is that the previous educational policy from 1998 to 2010 is still not expired. Although it is projected to give new plans and to make more promises with the nation. It is said in this policy that all the public schools will be raised up to the level of private schools. No plan of action have been discussed, yet a notice is issued to private schools to induct government course in 5th and 8th class and these classes will bound to take board exams. This disturbed the students of private sector also.

Solutions for Educational System

Estimating the value of education, the Government should take solid steps on this issue. Implementation instead of projecting policies should be focused on. Allocation of funds should be made easy from provinces to districts and then to educational institutes. Workshops must be arranged for teachers. Foreign states are using LSS system. This should be inducted in Pakistani schools to improve the hidden qualities of children. Technical education must be given to all the classes. The education board of Punjab has projected a plan to give tech- education to the children of industrial workers. Promotion of the primary education is the need of time. Teachers, professors and educationists should be consulted while devising any plan, syllabus or policy. The state seems to give up her responsibility and totally relying on private sector. The need of time is to bring education in its original form to masses. Burdening students with so much books will not work as he will not understand what the world is going to do next moment. Education is the only cure of the instability in the state and can bring revolution through evolution, by eradicating the social evils. This is how to remove illiteracy in Pakistan.

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Shahzad Faisal Malik is the administrator of CSSTimes.pk and is responsible for managing the content, design, and overall direction of the blog. He has a strong background in Competitive Exams and is passionate and sharing information with others. Shahzad Faisal Malik has worked as a Graphic Designer/Content Creator at CSSTimes in the past. In his free time, Shahzad Faisal Malik enjoys watching Cricket, writing blogs for different websites and is always on the lookout for new and interesting content to share with the readers of this website. As the website administrator, Shahzad Faisal Malik is dedicated to providing high-quality content and fostering a welcoming and engaging community for readers. He looks forward to connecting with readers and hearing their thoughts and feedback on the website.

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Education System of Pakistan: Issues and Way Forwards

• Kalsoom Begum
• December 15, 2023
• Css Essays , CSS Solved Essays

CSS and PMS Solved Essays | Education System of Pakistan: Issues and Way Forwards

Kalsoom Begum, a Sir Syed Kazim Ali student, has attempted the CSS essay “ Education System of Pakistan: Issues and Way Forwards ” on the given pattern, which Sir  Syed Kazim Ali  teaches his students. Sir Syed Kazim Ali has been Pakistan’s top English writing and CSS, PMS essay and precis coach with the highest success rate of his students. The essay is uploaded to help other competitive aspirants learn and practice essay writing techniques and patterns to qualify for the essay paper.

1-Introduction 

2-Debunking the term education 

3-Significance of education for a nation’s progress

4-Current situation of Pakistan’s education system

5-What issues are facing Pakistan’s education system? 

• Case in Point : Even after the adoption of more than 25 policies, still the education system is failing to raise the nation socially and economically
• Case in Point:  Clear difference between the attitudes of students coming out from the public educational institutions, deeni madaris and the few private elite institutions
• Case in Point : According to the International Crisis Group, Pakistan is amongst the 12 countries in the world that spent less than 2 per cent of their GDP on the education sector
• Case in Point : According to a UNESCO report, there are no proper training standards in the available training institutes in the remote areas of Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
• Case in Point : According to the International Association of Universities, Pakistan is the world’s 20th-largest country in terms of the number of universities. Nonetheless, the country contributes only 0.49 per cent to the world’s research documents.
• Case in Point : According to the Planning Commission of Pakistan, less than six per cent of the youth population acquires technical skills, and only two per cent implemented
• Case in Point : Kalimullah, head of the sociology department at Peshawar University, depicts the education system as a source of ongoing deep polarization in the country

6- Recommendations to overcome educational challenges 

• ✓ To allocate a sufficient budget for education, the education system of Pakistan takes a fresh breath with resources  
• ✓ To strengthen accountability so that everyone owns their responsibilities
• ✓ To own their responsibilities, accountability must be strengthened
• ✓ To introduce an updated and relevant curriculum catering to the modern world’s psyche and needs.
• ✓ To work smoothly without any discrimination, there must be less political interference in the education sector
• ✓ To provide solid political will on policy implementation and less interference of politics in the education sector

7- Conclusion 

Education, the kindling of the flame, is the permanent character of human history from darkness to light and the evolution of thoughts from ashes to the phoenix. It has remained the most powerful tool for securing growth and progress in the socio-economic and political realm. Thus, education lays the foundation for a country’s political, social, and economic development. However, being a developing country, Pakistan has been facing critical issues in education since its inception; therefore, the education system has failed to deliver according to the nation’s aspirations. This is because there is a shortage of techno-vocational institutions, policy implementation, uniformity, budget, training and research institutions, and moral development in the country’s institutions. As a result, the state has failed to develop innovative mindsets to contribute to the socio-economic and political upliftment of the country. Although multiple education policies have been designed to improve Pakistan’s education system, none have ever been implemented successfully. Therefore, it is high time for the government to look into the matter meticulously to help the coming generation have a better education system and progress. This essay discusses the issues of Pakistan’s education system and suggests ways forward for overcoming these issues.

      Debunking the term, education is a process that begins at birth and continues until the end of life. The primary focus and function of education is to prepare children for their roles as workers and members of a larger society and identify the purpose of education, shaping of the social being. Generally, there are two main types of education: formal education, which takes place in proper education and training institutions, and non-formal education, which does not occur in formally structured schools. The differences between traditional and non-formal education can be seen in terms of the purpose, timing, content, delivery system and level of control.

      In a broader context, it plays a significant role in people’s physical, mental, psychological and social growth and is the pillar of national progress. Countries with constructive education systems are considered the world’s socio-economic leaders.  The founders of Pakistan realized early that the future of this nation depended on a productive pursuit of knowledge through education. In his message to the first Education Conference in November 1947, the Quaid-e-Azam said: “If we are to make real, speedy and substantial progress, we must bring our educational policy and program on the lines suited to the genius of our people, consonant with our history and culture and having regard to the modern conditions and vast developments that have taken place all over the world. The future of our State will and must accordingly depend upon the education we give our children and how we bring them up as future citizens of Pakistan. Through sound education, we should try to instill in them a high sense of honour, integrity, responsibility and selfless service to the nation. There is an immediate and urgent need to give scientific and technical education to our people to build up our future economic life and to see that our people take to science, commerce, trade, and particularly well-planned industries. We should not forget that we must compete with the world, which is moving quickly in this direction.”  Every nation crops its generations according to its society and provides teachings to play a significant role in developing its country. Thus, education has played an essential role in the development of Norway , as their highest literacy rate leads them to be amongst the most prosperous nations.  

       Since its inception, Pakistan has expressed its commitment to promoting education and literacy in the country through education policies at the domestic level and getting involved in international commitment, for instance, ‘Education for All’, Vision 2030, and Millennium Development Goals. A review suggests that progress has been observed in the education system. But still, there is a dire need for research and training institutions, policy implementation, trained and professional teachers, uniformity and direction, and updated and relevant syllabi, delineating the current outlook of the country’s education system.

      Talking about the issues that Pakistan’s education system facing today, the first is several education policies have been created, but none have been implemented in an authentic and genuine spirit. It is because there has been a lack of political will on the part of successive governments to enforce the policies vigorously due to the problems of corruption, lack of funds and gross inconsistency in straight planning on the part of various political regimes in Pakistan. Moreover, in the overall policy formulation, teachers have been ignored. They are regarded as unimportant elements, which has led to alienation between the teachers and the education system.

     Moreover, different systems of education are simultaneously working in the country. The curriculum is also not uniform, giving birth to other schools of thought . For example, there is a difference between students’ attitudes toward public educational institutions, deeni madaris, and the few private elite institutions.  This trend has accelerated the pace of polarization in society, created a massive gap in the nation, and even deeply penetrated its cultural veins. The recent wave of terrorism and the increasing sectarian division are the logical consequences of this divided system of education. As a result, in the current polarized system of education, there has occurred a tremendous social division in society on political, social, and economic grounds rather than unity among the people, which is cutting knee deep the ideological and social foundation of the nation leading towards further divisions on linguistic and regional grounds, which has potentially damage the social cohesion and fabric of the society.

      Besides, finance is considered the engine of a system. The education system of Pakistan has been crippled mainly due to the scarcity of finance.  The successive governments have been giving less than 2.5 per cent of their budget to the education sector, which is not sufficient for the growing educational needs of the nation in the present changing times.   Academic budgetary allocation has increased in many developing regional countries, such as Sri Lanka and Bangladesh.   But in Pakistan, it is declining day by day.   According to the International Crisis Group, Pakistan is among the 12 countries that spend less than 2% of their GDP on education.  With this insufficient budgetary allocation, the country has hardly meet the targets of universalizing primary education as a signatory to the SDG goals by 2015 and onward.

      In addition to this, training is essential for quality performance of teachers, as teaching is a challenging job. And there is a lack of training opportunities for teachers in Pakistan. However, there are various teacher training institutes in the country. These institutes are either not well-resourced or are poorly run due to a lack of funds and trained human resources, such as trainers and administrators.  According to the UNESCO report, “There are no proper training standards in the available training institutes in the remote areas of Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.”  Most training institutes have been closed down due to lack of funds. The courses being run in the teacher education intuitions are outdated and very traditional, which does not enhance teachers’ skills, motivation, and quality.

      Adding more to it, quality research in Pakistan’s education system is still a distant dream.  According to the International Association of Universities, “Pakistan is the world’s 20th-largest country in the number of universities.   Nonetheless, the country contributes only 0.49 per cent to the world’s research documents.”  As a result, even the highly qualified youth could do nothing to resolve the prevailing socio-economic problems of the country.

Furthermore, technical education is considered the most practical form, potentially developing countries’ social and economic aspects by producing trained labour. Contrarily, Pakistan’s education system is unable to have skilled labour . According to the Planning Commission of Pakistan, “Less than six per cent of the youth population acquires technical skills, and only two per cent implement them.”  This indicated that Pakistan’s techno-vocational institutes lack efficiency and productivity. Thus compromising the country’s employment and economic output.

       Lastly, the education system’s negligence in children’s moral development promotes intolerance and polarization among the young masses. So, it impacts their thoughts and actions. Kalimullah, the head of the Sociology Department at Peshawar University, depicts, “The education system as a source of ongoing deep polarization in the country. As a result, they failed to serve the country for good.” Thus, neglected morality in the education sector buries the talent of the land of the pure even before the bloom.

      Nonetheless, there is always a light at the end of the tunnel. Pakistan’s youth can be turned into diamonds of talent and virtuosity if educated how they deserve to be. For this purpose, the following steps must be taken. First, there should be sufficient educational budgetary allocation in the national GDP. This will provide the system with resources to take fresh breaths of life. Thus, if the country’s fiscal allocation exceeds the low percentage to the optimum demanded one, its education system will eventually boom at large like all other developing countries: Sri Lanka and Finland.

      Second, the accountability system must be strengthened, and all the professionals associated with the education system should be educated to take responsibility individually and collectively. This helps create a sense of ownership of the system and its functions. To accomplish this, free and fair accountability benches must be allocated in all institutions to ensure their transparency, especially the country’s education sector’s officials. In this way, the government will overcome the predicament of the poor education system.

      Third, the government should introduce a uniform curriculum to provide equal opportunities for rural students to compete with urban students in the job market. The curriculum should be evaluated on an annual basis. In this regard, a vast survey could be conducted to seek the opinions of teachers, parents and the community regarding their expectations and observations. In this light, the expert recommendations of the education researchers are that the curriculum goals should be redefined, and such curriculum should be prepared, which caters to the psyche and needs of the society and the country without any discrimination of cast, colour and creed.

      Fourth, the education sector should have as little political interference as possible. This will allow the system to function smoothly and without any discrimination. Frequent political intervention creates gaps and trust deficits on the part of public and government agencies; solid political will on the part of government is required in policy implementation in the education sector. Thus, policies should be implemented without any delay in time and resources.

      Last but not least, there is a need to implement national education policy and Vision 2030 education goals. An analysis of education policy suggests that at the policy level, there are several admirable ideas, but practically, there are some shortcomings. Also, policies should be implemented without any delay of time and resources. There should be a strong political will on the part of the government to implement policies without any delay. Poor policy implementation has created gaps and trust deficits for the public and government agencies.

      To conclude, a nation’s efficiency depends on its education system; only a viable education system can enable it to achieve its national goals. Unfortunately, Pakistan, as a developing country, has faced critical problems in education: unequipped teachers, lack of political will, irrelevant and outdated curricula, and a non-uniform education trajectory since its inception. Therefore, the education system has failed to play its part in achieving human resources. The raw potential of the country’s youth can be polished through pragmatic education policies and raising education indicators to help strengthen the country’s position in global and International politics.

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Co Education In Pakistan Essay

Co Education In Pakistan Essay: Co-education means the education of apprentice of both genders (male and female) together. The current fashion and craze of co-education are becoming very popular in Pakistan hastily. We are living in a modern world in which both male and female are stepping together equally. The system of co-education is adopted by most of the countries of the world and Pakistan is counted one of them. But in some schools and colleges, there is segregation of genders. The current education system of Pakistan is based on 70% co-education system. But by adopting this system there are so many merits and demerits are the outcome in the education system of Pakistan which we are going to illustrate below in detail. Keep reading this article till the end will surely help you in this regard.

• Biotechnology Scope In Pakistan April 6, 2023

Merits of Co-Education:

Following are the merits of co-education from you can easily understand the worth of co-education in Pakistan.

• The first and foremost benefit of co-education is that it is very helpful in developing self-confidence among individuals. Co-education ultimately increases your confidence level because it breaks your hesitation regarding so many issues such as language and communication etc. hence prove co-education is necessary to develop confident and handle a tough situation where male and female working together.
• Co-education is proved to be beneficial for development and grooming of your personality. It helps you and makes you able to work together in a situation where male and female are working together. It ultimately develops descent understanding between both two genders.
• Co-education is playing a vital role in modifying the nature and personality of both male and female by working and educating together.
• Due to co-education system of studies, the parents become more active and attentive about their children and their responsibilities become hard. Due to this strictness and hardness, the students maintain balance under co-education system by studying together.

Demerits of Co-Education:

There are also some demerits of co-education in Pakistan; below listed following points are the demerits of co-education.

• The major demerit of co-education is that it indirectly diverts students from studies and becomes involved in other unethical and activities other than studies which directly affect the career of a student
• Hard and strict check and balance are required under co-education system in order to avoid misunderstanding and unethical issues, the majority of the co-education system doesn’t keep proper check and balance on activities of both male and female under co-education system in Pakistan.
• Due to co-education system, the ratio of unethical activities is increasing day by day which ultimately ruins the life of the student. The non-shyness and overconfident behavior of both male and female involve him in other unethical activities other than studies.

Conclusion:

We have concluded from above scenario that the co-education system is necessary in order to develop confidence among both pupils equally especially women to stay shoulder by shoulder with men. But it has also some worst cons but we can handle by keeping a keen eye on your children activity on daily basis. Due to co-education, the responsibilities of parents become more strict and harder. The government should try to run that co-education system in which Islamic levels never be ignored.

This was the Co Education in Pakistan essay written in short essay form. It is the best suitable material for the students of intermediate part 2 as well as the students of other calsses can also prepare it.

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Education in Pakistan| CSS Essays

Introduction:.

 The key factor to prosperity and stability of a nation is education.  Quality of education is the backbone of development of country.  Getting education is necessary for personal as well as social prosperity.  Education is the best aid to improve skills, mind and to help you expose better innovations.  It is education which makes us better citizen to be able to survive in any kind of environment.  Without education it’s difficult and quite impossible to explore good and bad.  Due to education we know the dignity of hard work and development in different fields of life.  In this way we become capable of respecting and obeying laws and regulations for improving living standards. 

Without education it’s not possible to improve productivity and creativity of a nation.  With education we can get good position in the eye of other nations.  Life is not about dreaming only.  It’s all about to make our dreams true and reach our destinations.  Achievement of goals and visions is not possible without getting education.  Vision can be a type of goal or target to describe high goals for future.  Educational curriculums help us to develop social consciousness, and national integration requirements. 

Problems and Hurdles in Education System of Pakistan:

Uniformity is key factor for enhanced educational system of a nation.  Uniformity refers to same standards to all individuals.  Holding back gifted individuals is really worse thing.  Educational medium varies in private sectors from public sectors.  Government must be aware of injustice in distribution of educational funds as well as in uniformity of education system for all sectors.  We are lacking budgets, physical facilities, teaching qualities and educational policies as well. Our education system is still backward in this most innovative century.  We are still stuck to back and primitive notions.  Like educational system of Pakistan is still parallel as we are still contrasting on the basis of teaching methods, examination systems and boards that conduct exams. That is the reason we have lowest literacy rate of 55% and Pakistan stands at 160 th among world’s nation in terms of educational standards. 

Almost 25M of children never have touched the schools in fact.  Most of Pakistani students mostly prefer to dropout at primary level.  Our children are only human resource for future development of this nation.  Quality of development is as good as human capital generated by the country.  So, it’s important to give equal access to every individual for quality education. 

How to improve the Education System in Pakistan?

For improving educational system of Pakistan we should take severe steps as early as possible.  Technical education must be a mandatory part of secondary education in Pakistan.  Financial problems do not allow our children to get education.  So, regarding these economics incentives must be provided to students that will encourage the parents to make their children educated.  In this way we can decrease the dropout ratio. 

Infrastructure:  

Local government system is the better aid to promote education in every part of the country.  Students must be provided with suitable places for better learning.  Students must be provided with the facilities of lab, library, theatre, and many other.  The principle infrastructure of a school is classroom.  Adequate classrooms with pleasant looks and decorations must be provided in all sectors.  Better school infrastructure is always considered as the main factor for improving academic performance.  In fact, good quality infrastructure enhances learning and decreases dropout rates. 

Positive Learning Environment:

Most of researches have shown that educational system mainly depends upon the learning environment.  Learning environment is the vital element in student success.  Student getting education in positive environments are supposed to be more motivated and concerned.  Positive learning environment promote respect for nature, teaches to be a good citizen being kind to both animals and people and develop a healthy lifestyle in student.  Positive environment is vital for improving attention and to reduce anxiety. 

Conclusion:

In short we can’t deny the importance of education in the development of a country.  It’s true that pen is stronger than a sword.  It’s the responsibility of government, parents, teachers as well as students to play their part in improving the educational systems.  We have to say good bye to few common things being held for a long time including cramming, shortcuts for getting good grade and old syllabus which have no concern with the practical lives of students.  We must focus on one syllabus that must be introduced for whole nation. 

Indeed, we believe in one curriculum one nation.  

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