scheme of work for jss2 on civic education

CIVIC EDUCATION JSS2

On this page, get all Civic Education JSS2 topics from First Term to Third Term. Find them below, study them and excel in your examinations.

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National value: integrity, need for people of integrity in the society, contentment, effects of lack of contentment, regulations consequences of disobedience effects of indiscipline, courageous people in the society, governance – nigeria as a federation, characteristics of a federation, second term, relationship between federal, state and local government, the rule of law, punishable offences, protection of human rights and the rule of law, consumer rights and responsibilities, democracy institutions, election and voters responsibilities, qualification for election and responsibility of voters, procedure for voting and importance of election, electoral malpractices, solutions to electoral malpractice, share this lesson with your friend.

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3RD TERM JSS2 CIVIC EDUCATION Scheme of Work and Note

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THIRD TERM E-LEARNING NOTE

SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION CLASS: JSS 2

SCHEME OF WORK

• Elections and Voters’ Responsibilities.
• Qualification for Registration for Election in Nigeria .
• Electoral Malpractices.
• Illiteracy.
• Revision of First Term work.
• Revision of Second Term work.
• Revision of Third Term work.
• Examination.

WEEK ONE AND TWO

TOPIC: ELECTIONS AND VOTERS’ RESPONSIBILITIES

• Concept of Elections.
• Concept of a Voter.
• Types of Elections.

CONCEPT OF ELECTION

An election can be defined as an act or process of voting for a candidate to represent the people of a country in the various arms of government. It also means that a process citizens of a country make political choices by voting for competing candidates or parties. In essence, the concept of election implies that the voters have alternatives and can choose among a number of proposals designed to settle an issue of public concerns.

• What is an election?

CONCEPT OF A VOTER

A voter is a person who is eligible to participate in voting. Voters are referred to as the electorates. Voting, on the other hand, is a process of expressing one’s choice of a candidate in an election.

• Who is a voter?

TYPES OF ELECTIONS

The types of election include:

ADVANTAGES OF DIRECT ELECTION

• It is highly democratic.
• It is simple to practice.
• It promotes democracy.
• It engenders equality of voters.

ADVANTAGES OF INDIRECT ELECTION

• It is very cheap.
• It reduces electoral malpractice.
• It enhances quality of law made.
• It reduces political violence.

Mention two advantage s of direct election.

ADVANTAGES OF ELECTORAL COLLEGE

• It is less expensive.
• It produce s winners easily.
• It makes voting very short and easy.
• By-Election: This is an election that is conducted to fill a vacant elective post due to recall, resignation or death of the individual holding a given political office.
• Run-Off Election: This is an election that is re re-conducted due to disqualification or malpractice or annulment of the initial polls or election. It is usually ordered by election tribunal or court.
• Referendum: This is a “yes” or “no” vote of the people particularly on law in a given political systems. It helps the government in knowing the opinion of people about an important issue of national interest or concern.
• Primary Election: This refers to an election conducted within the party to elect the flag-bearer of the party during the general elections.

Mention three types of elections.

GENERAL EVALUATION/ REVISION QUESTIONS

• Mention four types of elections.
• State three major differences among the tiers of government.
• Mention three characteristics of a federation.
• Mention three ways to nurture your talents.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi, pgs 122-123

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

• An election re-conducted due to disqualification or malpractice, annulment of the initial poll or election is called______ election. A. primary B. secondary C. run-off D. by-election
• A person eligible to vote in an election is called____. A. vote caster B. votee C. voter D. electioneer
• Which of these is regarded as “Yes” or “No” vote? A. Run-off election B. Referendum C. primary D. By-election
• The process by which voters vote directly to elect their representatives for public office is called____ election. A. direct B. indirect C. concept D.digital
• Are elections are integral part of democracy? A. Yes B. No C. Not at all D. Probably

WEEK THREE AND FOUR

QUALIFICATION FOR REGISTRATION FOR ELECTION IN NIGERIA

• Qualification for Elections.
• Responsibilities of Voters.
• Voters’ Rights.

QUALIFICATION FOR ELECTIONS

Under the Electoral act of 2002, to qualify for registration voter in Nigeria , a person must have the following qualifications:

• He must be a citizen of Nigeria : Someone seeking elective post must be a citizen of the country.
• Age: To be eligible to vote in an election, a person must attain the age of 18years. However, those seeking for elective posts like the President, House of Senate and State Governors must have attained the age of 35years but the House of Representatives must be at least 30years old.
• He must belong to a political party: To be voted for, a person must be a member of one of the registered political parties in the country. Independent candidature is not recognized in Nigeria .
• Educational Qualification: The minimum qualification needed to be voted into the parliament in Nigeria is the West African School Certificate(WASC).
• Crime-free: To contest for any elective post in Nigeria , the candidate must not have any criminal record. This means that he must not be an ex-convict for any crime committed.
• Sanity: Anybody contesting for any elective position must not be insane. Hence, he must be of sound mind.
• Tax payment: The candidate must provide the evidence oftax payment over a period of time.

State three qualifications for elections

RESPONSIBILITIES OF VOTERS

• He must respect the privacy of other voters.
• Treat electoral officers.
• Know the location of his polling place and its hours operation.
• Familiarize himself with candidates.
• Participate in election by coming out to vote.
• Follow instructions concerning voting procedures.
• Follow all federal and state voting laws.
• Mention four responsibilities of voters.

VOTERS’ RIGHTS

• Right to vote if they registered.
• Right to ask questions on election process or procedure.
• Right to preview a sample ballot before voting.
• Right to vote in privacy and freedom from coercion or intimidation.
• Right to receive assistance if the voter is blind; have physical disability or inability to read English or any Nigeria n languages.

PROCEDURE FOR VOTING

Each qualified voter is expected to have registered before the election day so as to avoid unnecessary rush and waste the time of others. At the registration center, he will be given a voter’s card which qualifies him for voting on the election day. On election day, the electorate goes to the centre where he will accredited for voting having presented his voter’s card. Afterwards, he is given the ballot paper where all the political parties and their logos are written.

IMPORTANCE OF ELECTION

• It provides opportunity for choosing leaders.
• It checks the excesses of leaders.
• It makes the change of government easy and peaceful.
• It provides opportunity for political education.

State three voters’ right

• State three voters’ right.
• State three benefits of the rule of law.
• Mention four limitations of the rule of law.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi, pgs 126-130

• The voting age in Nigeria is____ years. A. 15 B. 20 C. 18 D.25
• All the following can contest for elections in Nigeria except____. A. an adult B. a sane person C. an ex-convict D. a teacher
• All these are voters’ right except____. A. right to vote in privacy B. right to vote if registered C. right to ask questions on election process or procedure D. right to vote even if not registered
• The most important requirement for any elective post in any country is_____. A. tax payment B. citizenship C. educational background D. tribe
• Anybody contesting for the post of governor must have the age of____. A. 40 B. 35 C. 45 D. 37
• Mention three rights’ of voters.

WEEKFIVE AND SIX

ELECTORAL MALPRACTICE

• Forms of electoral malpractices.
• Causes of electoral malpractices.
• Consequences of electoral malpractices.
• Solutions to electoral malpractices.

MEANING OF ELECTORAL MALPRACTICE

Electoral malpractice can be defined as an illegal interference with electoral process. It is also called electoral fraud or voters’ fraud. It includes illegal registration, intimidation at polling station and improper counting of votes.

What are electoral malpractices?

FORMS OF ELECTORAL MALPRACTICES

• Use of fake ballot papers: When fake ballot papers are used for casting vote, such papers are used for multi-voting purposes so that a particular candidate can win the elections.
• Underage voting: This is a situation when youths beneath below the constitutionally approved voting age are made to vote. This usually happens where the population of a particular area has more under age voters.
• The use of thugs: This is a situation where thugs are used by political parties scare the electorates in doing their own bidding or denying them of performing their civic duties through the aid of weapons.
• Financial inducement: Voters may be given money or other rewards to vote for a particular candidate though, this may be their choice. This can as well be through the church or mosque where the pastor or imam will tell their followers to vote for a particular candidate.
• Ballot stuffing: This occurs when the electorates cast more than votes expected. It simply means stuffing multiple ballot papers into the ballot boxes in favour of a particular party or its candidate. It can be in form of voting in many polling booths for the same party or its candidate.
• Artificial scarcity of electoral materials: This is a situation where there is a deliberate denial of the electorates of voting materials such as ballot boxes, papers to frustrate them. This usually happens in areas where a particular candidate has a strong presence and could be hardly be defeated.
• Mention three electoral malpractices.

CAUSES OF ELECTORAL MALPRACTICES

• Crave for power: Many politicians engage in what is called “do or die” politics. This is because they want political power at all cost. Such politicians are such that engage in looting the government treasury.
• Poverty: Some electorates are easily won over through the distribution of food items, clothes, money, shoes and so on. In essence, their conscience can be bought especially when their immediate needs are met.
• Bribery and corruption: Some electoral officers often connive with some politicians so as to inflate their votes. When these officers have been bought with money, they tend to overlook what is happening to the ballot boxes and papers.
• Influence of the party in power: The electoral body often is at the mercy of the government in power. There might be an “order from above”to favour the candidates of the party in power.
• Lack of stiff punishments for the offenders: When laws are broken and the perpetrators are not brought to face the wrath of the law, it encourages others to continue since they know that there will be little or no punishment.
• Godfathers: This is a situation where an influential personality in the society often dictates the results of elections in the state. One of such prominent figures was the late Chief LamidiAdedibu, who was very influential in Oyo State, Nigeria .

CONSEQUENCES OF ELECTORAL MALPRACTICES

Some of the effects of electoral malpractices are as follows:

• Bad leadership: This is the number one consequence of electoral malpractices. When the wrong people are in government, there is bound to be slow development, lack of vision and corruption.
• Riots and chaos: Violence, destruction of houses and property are some of the aftermath of electoral malpractices. In most cases, precious lives are lost in the mayhem over election results.
• Loss of interest in voting: Whenever election results are manipulated, the voters might not be interested in voting in subsequent elections.
• Bad image: Whenever there is constant electoral malpractices, the international community will view such country from the perspective of corruption. This often makes foreign investors not to come to such a country that could not handle elections.

suspended and the country will be ruled through decrees.

State three consequences of electoral malpractices

SOLUTIONS TO ELECTORAL MALPRACTICE

Electoral malpractice can be prevented. However, the following steps should be considered:

• Proper planning by the electoral body: The electoral commission in charge of elections should do proper planning of the elections so that there will be no loopholes which could enable desperate politicians to hijack the electoral process.
• Non-interference in electoral matters: The government in power should not meddle into the operations of the electoral commission before, during and after elections.
• Education of the electorates: The agency in charge of orientation should do its best to organize programmes that will educate and enlighten the electorates concerning what is expected of them before, during and after the elections
• Adequate security: Security agents should be stationed at every polling booth to protect the electoral officers and materials. They must not be partisan in their operation.
• Re-orientation of politicians: Politicians should be made accountable for any of their activities. In essence, they must be educated concerning their attitude to the electoral process. They should be orientated about their love for their country.
• Impartiality of the judiciary: The judiciary is often described as the hope of the masses. Therefore, it is important this body to be steadfast in its operation. There should be no sacred cow when judgment is given.
• Mention four solutions to electoral malpractices.
• State three consequences of electoral malpractices.
• State four importance of discipline in a society.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi, pgs 133-141

• A situation where children below voting are made to vote is called____ voting. A. void B. underage C. unconstitutional D. chaotic
• Election malpractice is caused by the following except_____. A. poverty B. crave for power C. bribery and corruption D. strong passion to serve the nation
• Consequences of electoral malpractice include the following except_____. A. riots and chaos B. bad image C. good leadership D. loss of interest in voting
• When a person is called a “sacred cow” in life, it usually means that the person is said to be___. A. under the law B. above the law C. dangerous D. loved

B. desire to make Nigeria great C. lack of political education D. poverty

• Define electoral malpractices.
• Consequences.

MEANING OF ILLITERACY

According to the United Nations (U.N), illiteracy is the inability to read and write a simple sentence in any language. Illiteracy is a common social problem in Nigeria . Various administrations through their policies have been fighting it, looking for ways to eradicate it. For instance, late Chief ObafemiAwolowo in 1955 initiated the Universal Primary Education (UPE), making it compulsory for every child in the then Western Nigeria , to go through the primary education.

What is illiteracy?

CAUSES OF ILLITERACY

• Poverty: This is a major cause for illiteracy. This is the inability of many families to send their children to school due to lack of funds.
• Crave for wealth: To many youths, going to school is a waste of time. They believe that since the essence of education is to make money, so they rather go into businesses and learn how to be rich faster.
• Loss of bread winners: Some children could not go to school as a result of the death of the person sponsoring them. Often, most drop out due to lack of funds.
• Traditions and values of the society: In some societies like Nigeria , the girl- child is not given much importance compared to the man- child. Hence, she is made not to attend school. Also, some societies see education as a threat to their customs and traditions,
• Inconsistent educational policies: Political instabilities cause constant change in educational policies. Some regimes have beautiful plans while others are often non-challant about it.
• Mention three causes of illiteracy.

CONSEQUENCES OF ILLITERACY

• It breeds inferiority complex: When the illiterates are in the midst of educated people, they could feel inferior because of the inability to relate well with them.
• It may lead to complete ignorance: Illiteracy might deny them the opportunity of reading vital information about many issues that can positively affect them.
• It often breeds poverty and crime: Due to his inability to read and write well, a person might not be able to get a very good job with fat pay. When this happens, he often ventures into armed robbery.

inability to relate effectively, they are often duped of their fortunes in the course of seeking assistance in completing bank documents.

State three consequences of illiteracy

SOLUTIONS TO ILLITERACY

• Free education at all level s.
• Mass literacy campaign.
• Consistent government policies.
• Government should provide more funds to the education sector.
• All children should have equal access to education.
• Mention four solutions to illiteracy.
• State three consequences of illiteracy.
• State four benefits of democracy.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi, pgs 156-160.

C. ObafemiAwolowo D. Samuel Akintola

A. writing disability B. dysfunctional education C. illiteracy D. reading disability

C. economic development D. complete ignorance

• A major cause of illiteracy is____. A. poverty in many families B. inadequate library in the society C. lack of government vehicle to take pupils/students to school D. inability of the government to buy books for those willing to attend school
• The Universal Primary Education (UPE) was initiated in ____. A. 1976 B. 1955 C. 1961 D. 1980
• Define illiteracy.
• Mention three solutions to the problem of illiteracy.

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Second Term JSS2 Civic Education Scheme of Work

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Civic Education Lesson Note for JSS2 (First Term) 2024

Civic Education lesson note for JSS2 First Term is now available for free. The State and Federal Ministry of Education has recommended unified lesson notes for all secondary schools in Nigeria, in other words, all private secondary schools in Nigeria must operate with the same lesson notes based on the scheme of work for Civic Education.

Civic Education lesson note for JSS2  First Term has been provided in detail here on schoolings.org

For prospective school owners, teachers, and assistant teachers, Civic Education lesson note is defined as a guideline that defines the contents and structure of Civic Education as a subject offered at SS level. The lesson note for Civic Education for SS stage maps out in clear terms, how the topics and subtopics for a particular subject, group works and practical, discussions and assessment strategies, tests, and homework ought to be structured in order to fit in perfectly, the approved academic activities for the session.

To further emphasize the importance of this document, the curriculum for Civic Education spells out the complete guide on all academic subjects in theory and practical. It is used to ensure that the learning purposes, aims, and objectives of the subject meant for that class are successfully achieved.

Civic Education Lesson note for JSS2 carries the same aims and objectives but might be portrayed differently based on how it is written or based on how you structure your lesson note. Check how to write lesson notes as this would help make yours unique.

The JSS2 Civic Education lesson note provided here is in line with the current scheme of work hence, would go a long way in not just helping the teachers in carefully breaking down the subject, topics, and subtopics but also, devising more practical ways of achieving the aim and objective of the subject.

The sudden increase in the search for JSS2 Civic Education lesson note for First Term is expected because every term, tutors are in need of a robust lesson note that carries all topics in the curriculum as this would go a long way in preparing students for the West African Secondary Examination.

This post is quite a lengthy one as it provides in full detail, the Civic Education-approved lesson note for all topics and sub-topics in Civic Education as a subject offered in JSS2.

Please note that Civic Education lesson note for JSS2 provided here for First Term is approved by the Ministry of Education based on the scheme of work.

I made it free for tutors, parents, guardians, and students who want to read ahead of what is being taught in class.

JSS2   Civic Education  Lesson Note ( First  Term) 2024

CIVIC EDUCATION

JSS 2 First Term

TOPIC: INTEGRITY

Integrity is the ability to stand on one’s word or promise. Irrespective of situation and circumstances one faces. It is the quality of being honest and having strong moral, principles, norms, values and belief on how we relate to people, community and our nation.

ATTRIBUTES OF INTEGRITY

The following are the attribute of integrity:

• Contentment in all situation
• Honesty in dealing
• Truthfulness in all manner
• Non-compromise of one’s principle
• Perseverance and patience
• Respect and good neighbour lines
• Social justice and fair play
• Faithfulness and trustworthy
• Hardwork and courage.

Define integrity

NEEDS FOR PEOPLE OF INTEGRITY

There are needs for people of integrity in our society because of the following reason:

• The need for community development, only people of integrity will not compromise standard and this can actually bring about growth and development in a community.
• To bring about peaceful co-existence into the community, that is only the men and women of integrity could promote peace through.
• To harness human and material resources of the community for the welfare of the people living in that community.
• To raise people of like mind, people who will go against oppression and dictorship in government.
• To foster unity and cooperation among people living in a community.

IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRITY

• It make the citizens honest in all aspect of their living
• It bring about total commitment in whatever they do
• It raises the standard of morality in the society
• The society of people of integrity witness rapid development because honest people occupy leadership position
• People of integrity produce work of highest quality and posses excellent behaviour
• It makes people have confidence in what they do
• It provides role model for the coming generation.

Exercise: Write a short note on past five (5) heroes who are people of integrity in Nigeria.

Explain 3 reasons why peoples of integrity are needed in the society

TOPIC: CONTENTMENT

Contentment is the quality of being satisfied with what one has or the situation one find himself while hoping and working towards a better function. A contentment person will not envy another person as he is satisfied with what he has. He’s humble disciplined.

ATTRIBUTES OF CONTENTMENT

• SATISFACTION: A contented person is always satisfied with his possession. He would not be negatively pushed to act abnormally (ungodly) and indecent to get more riches or possession as he work hard for a better nature.
• HATRED FOR CORRUPTION AND GREEDINESS: He will snub grab it all in all he does. He will earn only hoibrable and decent money not embezzling or taking bribes.
• HUMILITY: A contented person is humble and does not drag or raise shoulders.
• LACK OF ENVY: He is never enving those that are better than him through dubious ways. Rather he believed that with hard work and patience he will surely progresss in life.

Define contentment

EFFECTS OF LACK OF CONTENTMENT

Some of such problem that lack of contentment breeds in our society includes:

• THEFT: Lack of contentment leads to stealing, a child that lack contentment will steal from his friend money in school in order to live and look like them.
• PROSTITUTION : woman lacking contentment are easily lured into prostitution because she wants to acquire more jewelries, clothes, shoes and bags when her resources can not support these.
• ENVY: The envious person would want to get rid of the rich one to have their wealth. He will go into social line kidnapping and assassination.

Mention five consequences of lack of contentment on society

TOPIC: DISCIPLINE

Discipline is the ability to behave and worn is a strict standard and controlled form which involves obeying particular rules or pattern of behaviour even in a difficult situation. It is the attitude of doing the right thing at the right time.

Peace and harmony prevails in societies when the citizens are disciplined.

ATTRIBUTES OF DISCIPLINE

• SELF – CONTROL: this is deliberately avoiding abnormal behaviour that can embarrass you and others e.g. avoiding the urge to fight in public or exchange of abusive word with a colleague. Someone without self-control can engage in drug trafficking to meet a need.
• MODESTY: it is sympathy in all things people want to throw the bigger party, ride the best car when it is not necessary. Extravagant life style has made lot of leaders and civil servants engage in corrupt practices.
• RESPECT FOR RULES AND REGULATIONS: A disciplined person pay his tax regularly, obey traffic rules and help security agents’ fights against crime by providing useful information when necessary.

IMPORTANCE OF DISCIPLINE

• Discipline encourages peace in the society: when people obey rules and regulations. There will be peace in such a society.
• It foster unity: discipline make people worn together in unity
• It fosters economic and political development : financial discipline in civil servant and political would make them use government find for developmental project than for projects that will benefits them, their friend and relatives.

CONSEQUENCES OF INDISCIPLINE

Indiscipline is the opposite of discipline. It is the act of doing things the society frowns at. The following are some of the consequences of discipline in the society.

• It brings disorderliness in the society
• It allows for social and political instability
• It slows down development efforts
• In the school there will be utter confusion. Teachers would not be able to teach and students unable to learn.
• It leads to disunity; break up of families and destruction of social values.

Explain the meaning of discipline  

General School Rules

• Be punctual, report to school and class on time. School begins at 8:00 a.m.
• Strive to be present every school day. In case of absence, parents should call the school in the morning of the absence and notify the teacher in writing upon the student’s return to school.
• Respect each other at all times.
• Buildings and the compound will be kept clean and neat. Do not deface or damage school property. Students who destroy the school property will make restitution.
• Maintain order when moving to different areas. Do not run; running is a frequent cause of injuries.
• radios, cell phones, pagers and other electrical equipment
• valuables, extra money,
• Remain within school boundaries at all times. Students leaving the compound must have a Student Pass and must be accompanied by a parent/guardian.
• Avoid using abusive or foul language and gestures.
• Do not climb gates, railings, fences, and the school buildings.
• Respect the property rights of others.
• Leave the premises immediately after school duties/responsibilities are completed.
• Buying/selling of personal items and trading are not allowed.

  RESPECT FOR RULES AND REGULATIONS  

EFFECTS OF INDISCIPLINE.

Indiscipline increases the rate of crimes in the society.

Indiscipline prevents the achievement of the societal goals.

Indiscipline may threaten the peace and progress of the society.

Indiscipline widens the gap between the rich and poor.

Indiscipline breeds high level of poverty in the society.

Indiscipline retards growth and development.

Write 5 rules and regulation of Elias International School  

What is courage?

C ourage is the ability to do something difficult even when there’s risk. Courageous people do and say what they think is right despite opposition.

Types of courage

Moral courage  is the  courage  to take action for  moral  reasons despite the risk of adverse consequences.

It is also the willingness to say the truth at all times and do the right things even when force to change one’s mind.

Spiritual Courage : this is when is able to act according to one’s religious belief

Physical Courage: this is when one uses physical energy to be able  to get things done

List and explain 3 types of courage

Attributes of a Courageous Persons

The following are some of the attributes a courageous person:

• Commitment: a courageous person should always be hardworking and very loyal
• Endurance : a courageous person should be able to tolerate suffering ,pain and hardship without complaining
• Determination : a courageous person should have a strong feeling or desire to achieve results or goals
• Steadfastness: a courageous person must be firm and must not be somebody who changes his/her words and actions anyhow and must be known for what he or she is.
• Diligence : one must be careful, thorough and very hardworking
• Boldness : one must not be fearful in whatever he/she does
• Bravery : one must be ready to face danger ,pain or suffering when carrying out a task, which means he or she must be lion hearted

Mention 5 attributes of courageous person in society

TOPIC: NIGERIA AS A FEDERATION

A federation or a federal system on in which there is constitutional division or three tires of government (Federal, State/region and local government). In a federation, the central (federal in Nigeria) represents the whole country and act on behalf of all in common matters like defence, external affairs, currency, and national revenue and so on. A federation is a system of government which government power that exists in the country is shared between a central government and other components governments.

The name Nigeria was given by Miss. Floral Shaw (later Mrs. Lugard) in her essay which first appeared. In times of January 1897, Nigeria started to exist at the amalgamation of Northern and Southern protection. Nigeria is the 99 th  member of the United Nation organisation since October 1 st , 1960 became a federal republic on October 1 st , 1963.

Currently Nigeria has 36 states which include Abia, Anambra, Zamfara, Lagos etc. There are 774 local government.

Other countries practising federal system of government include Switzerland, USA, Australia, Canada.

Division of functions among the three tiers of government according to the constitution are as follows:

• The Exclusive list: power and functions in this list are reserved for the central government alone to exercise. The list includes: defence, currency, foreign affairs, immigration customs, mining, police force and so on.
• Concurrent list: This list of functions are shared by both central and state government. In the event of conflict in exercising these functions. Central government’s decision supercedes or prevails over that of the state government. The list includes labour, road, insurance, higher education, research, in distance development among thers.
• The residual list: this list of function are exercised by the states government and local government. This include markets, motor parms, chieftaincy affairs, minor roads, material and heatch centres, primary education, library.

NEEDS FOR A FEDERATION

• Geographical size: government becomes effective as the divisions of function lessen the burden on the central government words. The burden of the central government is reduced because functions are divided. It allows for easy monitoring of state and local areas and as a result glass root are well cared for.
• Economic factor: there is the need to pool resources of the religion together for a strong and vibrant economy.
• Minority: protecting the interest the aspiration of the minority calls for the adoption of a federal.
• National integration : the component units of Nigeria need to be united and tilled as one entity. The central government see to the even development of all the state and local government. It marks polities that will unite the country like the constituation, NYSC to for everybody and coordinate the economic and political activities of other components.
• Unity in diversity: with over 250 ethnic groups in Nigeria, the federal government established unity school throughout the federation bringing children from different of the country together as well as the federal character.

Mention any 5 reasons for the adoption of a federal system

CHARACTERISTICS OF FEDERATIONS

The following are some of the characteristics of a federation,

• Separation of powers : governmental powers are shared between federal and state government according to the constitution.
• Written and rigid constitution: a federation usually has a written and rigid constitution
• Existence of bicamerical legislature : there are two houses at the central, the house of representations and the state.
• Supremacy of constitution: the constitution is final activity in any other
• The federal and state government derive their powers from the constitution
• Every group in the country is recognised and represented
• The supreme court: this settles disputes between various level of government (federal and state) and it gives the final interpretation of the constitution.
• The autonomy of every post of the country is guaranteed by the constitution
• The states of a federation has unequal human and material resources

PROBLEMS OF NIGERIA FEDERATION

• The reliance sharing formula has been an object of controller since independence.
• The military has ruled for about for decades, destabilizing various pillar of democracy and democratic values in the country.
• Falsified census figures in part of the federation for political reasons.
• Contiguous  boundaries among regional areas
• Ethnic loyalty by leaders which is a treat national unity
• Ethnical base political parties which does not help in uniting the nation.
• The domination of the majority or larger ethnic group.
• Lack of federal characters in sharing resources and major political seat line chief judges and ministers

NATURE OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

• The local government get allocation from the federal account
• The state government approve the annual budget of the local government as well as looking into (audit) the accounts of the local government
• The state has the power to dissolve local government executive council
• The federal government creates the state and local government areas. She can adjust boundaries or remove existing boundaries.
• The state government and local government can help in implementing some of federal government policies like the industrial and educational polices

AREAS OF DIFFERENT BETWEEN THE FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

• The federal government legislate on both exclusive concurrent list while the state legislate on concurrent and residual list.
• The federal government has two legislative houses (senate and house of representative) while the state has one (the legislative council).
• The federal government is headed by the president while the state is headed by the governor and the local government but the state cannot control the federal government.
• The federal government has constitutional power to control the state but the state cannot control the federal government
• The federal government can formulate policies for the whole country while the state and local government can formulate polices for themselves alone.

Mention 3 areas of differences among federal ,state and local governments.

Hope you got what you visited this page for? The above is the lesson note for Civic Education for JSS2 class. However, you can download the free PDF file for record purposes.

If you have any questions as regards Civic Education lesson note For JSS2 class, kindly send them to us via the comment section below and we shall respond accordingly as usual.

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JSS2 Civic education past questions and answers

• April 1, 2018 July 29, 2020
• 13 Comments
• Past Questions

Objective Questions

Instruction: Answer ALL questions from this section

1. In democracy, decision making is reached through (a)Discussion (b)argument (c)persuasion (d)all of the above 2. Democracy is all about people thus, it starts with people and end with. ––– (a)Election (b)people (c)voting (d)political party’s 3. The political party that is controlling the federal government of Nigeria today is (a)CPC (b)APP (c)APC (d)PDP 4. 27th May of each year is celebrated as ––– in Nigeria (a)Father’s day (b)Teacher day (c)children day (d)Democracy day 5. Every person must be up to ––– years before he/she is eligible to vote and be voted for (a)20 (b)18 (c)16 (d)12

6. In Nigeria general elections are conducted every ––– years (a)2 (b)4 (c)8 (d)6 7. The abbreviation of Independent National Electoral Commission is (a)NDE (b)NADEP (c)INEC (d)ICPC 8. ––– is the type of election where by people are asked to vote either yes or no to any government proposal or decision (a)Direct election (b)run off (c)referendum (d)bye election 9. Primary election is the type of election conducted within a ––– (a)Federal (b)State (c)local government (d)political party 10. The following are types election except (a)movement election (b)bye election (c)indirect election (d)primary election

11. Which one is not a feature of democracy? (a)Election (b)no separation (c)Free press (d)political party 12. Which one is not types of values (a)Greed (b)honesty (c)sincerity (d)confidence 13. Which one is a type of citizenship (a)citizenship by birth (b)citizenship by marriage (c)citizenship by honorary (d)All of the above 14. 29th May of every year is celebrated as ––– in Nigeria. (a)Children day (b)Army day (c)Democracy day (d)Mali day 15. Dishonesty often resulted to ––– (a)corruption (b)peace (c)love (d)trust

16. The following are consequences of dishonesty except (a)It causes crime (b)examination malpractices (c)stability in the society (d)disorderliness in the society

18. All these show that someone has the right attitude to work, except (a)punctuality (b)regularity (c)discipline (d)inconsistency 19. The consequence of not obeying traffic rules often resulted into ––– (a)Road works (b)pot holes (c)road accidents (d)safe driving.

Essay Questions

1a. What is democracy? 1b. List four (4) pillars of democracy 2a. What is government 2b. Mention the tiers of government 3a. Define self-employment 3b. State five (5) examples of self-employment.

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Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS1, JSS2, JSS3

Many Secondary School Teacher and Parent whose children are about  to get their education in Nigeria are looking for how to download Civic Education Scheme of work for Nigeria Junior Secondary School JSS 1-3 Classes.

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What others are downloading: Scheme of Work for JSS 1-3

Scheme of Work on Civic Education for JSS Junior Secondary School

Table of Contents

• 1 Civic Education Scheme of Work JSS1 Second Term
• 2 Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS2 Third Term
• 3 JSS 3 Civic Education Scheme of Work Third Term
• 4 Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School
• 5 Download Free Civic Edu. Scheme of Work
• 6 How to Download Civic Edu Scheme of Work for JSS 1-3

Civic Education Scheme of Work JSS1 Second Term

List of topic

Week 01 – Self Reliance I Week 02 – Self Reliance II Week 03 – Self Reliance III Week 04 – Citizenship I Week 05 – Citizenship II Week 06 – Citizenship III Week 07 – Citizenship IV Week 08 -Rights and duties of Citizen I Week 09 -Rights and duties of Citizen I

Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS2 Third Term

Week 01 – Democracy I Week 02 – Democracy II Week 03 – Pillars of Democracy II Week 04 – Election and Voters Responsibilities I Week 05 – Election and Voters Responsibilities II Week 06 – Election and Voters Responsibilities III Week 07 – Electoral Malpractices I Week 08 – Electoral Malpractices II Week 09 – Electoral Malpractices I

JSS 3 Civic Education Scheme of Work Third Term

Week 01 – Democratic Process I Week 02 – Democratic Process II Week 03 – Democratic Process III Week 04 – Democratic Process IV

Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School

Below is a broad JSS1 first term scheme of work week 1-6 showing Topic, Performance objective, Teacher activities, Teaching and Learning resources. Civ. Education Teacher can teach with this, while student can used it to study and read ahead of class topic.

Download Free Civic Edu. Scheme of Work

Link 1 Civic Edu. SOW Link 2 Civic Edu. SOW

How to Download Civic Edu Scheme of Work for JSS 1-3

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Lesson Note on Civic Education JSS 2 First Term

Civic education e learning notes for junior secondary school – edudelight.com.

JSS 2 CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK

• People of integrity in Nigeria
• Contentment
• Respect for rules and regulations
• Nigeria as a federation
• Characteristics of a Federation
• Legislature

TOPIC: INTEGRITY

• Meaning of integrity
• Attributes of integrity
• People of integrity in Nigeria.

Meaning of Integrity:   According to the Encarta Dictionary, the word integrity means the quality of possessing and steadfastly adhering to high moral principles or professional standards.  That is the ability to stick to high moral principles in every situation.

Attributes of Integrity : these are

1.         Probity

2.         Contentment

3.         Truthfulness

4.         Fair-play

5.         Non-compromise of principles.

1.         What is integrity?

2.         List three persons of integrity that you know.

Probity : Probity means absolute moral soundness.  A man or woman of integrity has sound moral character that cannot be faulted.

Contentment:  This is the feeling of being satisfied with one’s present possession.  Integrity makes a person to be contented.  A man of integrity is ever satisfied with what he can honestly acquire.

Truthfulness: This is the act of telling the truth always.  A man of integrity tells the truth and stands by it and always ready to suffer for the truth.

Fair-Play:   This is the habit of putting oneself in other people’s shoes when dealing or relating with them.  A person of integrity likes fair-play and follows the golden rule of “do unto others, as you want others do unto you”

Non-Compromise of Principle: Men of integrity hardly compromise the attributes of integrity such as honesty, contentment and so on.  That is they always stick to those qualities .

1.         State five attributes of integrity.

2.         Explain clearly any two of these attributes.

People of Integrity In Nigeria.

Nigeria has so many men and women of integrity among whom are the following :

• Dr. Tai Solarin
• Chief Emeka Anyaoku
• Dr. Akiola Aguda
• Prof. Dora Akunyili
• Prof. Olikoye Ransome Kuti
• Chief Gani Fawehinmi
• Adams Oshiomole
• Prof. Wole Soyinka
• Gen. Muritala Ramat Mohammed  etc

GENERAL EVALUATION/REVISION QUESTIONS

• State five attributes of integrity.

3.         What are values?

4.         Mention three types of values.

READING ASSIGNMENT

Fundamentals of  Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pages 1-5

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

1.         Which of these is not an attribute of integrity?

            A.  Probity                  B. Contentment                      C. Cunniness   D. Fair-play

2.         The feeling of being satisfied with one’s present possession is called ________ .

            A. accountability         B. honesty                               C. contentment           D. fair-play

3.         A man or woman of integrity is always_____.

            A.  neat                       B.  truthful                              C. fluent                      D. rich

4.         Absolute moral soundness is called ______.

            A. principle                 B.   probity                              C. fair-play                  D. education

5.         The habit of putting one-self in other people’s shoes when we relate with others is called _____.

            A. honesty                   B.  cleverness                          C. truthfulness            D. fair-play

1.         Define integrity.

2.         List the attributes of integrity and four persons of integrity in Nigeria.

Edudelight.com

TOPIC: PEOPLE OF INTEGRITY IN NIGERIA

Some of the people of integrity in Nigeria earned their reputations in the following ways:

Prof Dora Akunyili :  Professor Akunyili gained international recognition as an author of international standard.  But more importantly, she became a notable person of integrity during her tenure as the Director General of NAFDAC (National Agency of Food Drugs Administration and Control). She fought tooth and nail against counterfeit drugs and unsafe food.  She did all these at the expense of her personal safety.

Some of the numerous awards received by her are

• Integrity Award 2003 by Transparency International etc

Prof. Wole Soyinka is a renowned play-Wright.  In 1986 he became the first black African to be awarded the Noble prize for Literature. Prof. Soyinka is a social critic. His works openly criticize the Nigerian government .  He was imprisoned for two years on the charges that he aided the attempted secession of Biafra from Nigeria.  He was however released in 1969.

Gen. Murtala Ramat Mohammed : he became Nigerian Head of State on July 29, 1975.  He scraped the controversial 1973 census and reverted to the 1963 count for official purposes.  He purged the civil service, judiciary, police force, diplomatic service, public corporations and some of their officials were brought to trial on charges of corruption.

Note:  the attributes of integrity in the brief history of the lives of the persons and many more .

• What are the attributes of integrity, common in the three of them?
• Is any attribute of integrity missing in them?  What is it?

Need For People of Integrity

Every society is in dare need of people of integrity for the following reasons:

1.         Community development :  Unless there are  men of integrity, money meant for community development will be embezzled thereby retarding the growth of the community.

2.         Peaceful co-existence : peaceful co-existence is the vital pillar of development in any society. Men and women of integrity will always make efforts to ensure peace in the society.  We therefore need people of integrity to help ensure pace and harmony in the society.

3.         Models for young ones: if our young ones are to be people of integrity they must have people to look up to in order to imbibe integrity.  Thus those in position of authority such as teachers, principals, parents and politician must display integrity.

.4.        To Boost our international Image : men and women of integrity are valuable human assets.  When a country has men and women of sound character and proven integrity, her citizens would be highly respected in other countries.

5.         Responsible Youths : if the society has many men and women of integrity our youth will naturally produce boys and girls of integrity.

6.         To reduce Evil Practice:   If atrocities like bribery and corruption must stop, then we need youth, men and women of integrity.

Mention three need for people of integrity in the society.

• Mention two reasons for the need for people in the society.
• List three people in your society.
• Mention three factors that promote the value system.
•  Mention two importance of values.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 6-16.

1.         ______is the most useful quality for a nation’s  growth and development.

            A. Integrity     B. Sportsmanship                    C. Steadfastness         D. Contentment

2.         Integrity defines a man and also a nation

            A. True            B. False                       C. True and false         D. none of the above

3.         People of integrity are needed for the following except_____.

            A. peaceful  co-existence        B. peaceful demonstration      C. community development

            D. chaotic development.

4.         All men and women of integrity have many things in common.

            A. yes              B. no                           C. Yes and no             D. I don’t think so

5.         A nation needs men and women of integrity for the following reasons except_____.

            A. Good international image. B.  Models for younger generation. C.  Lawless       

D.  Reduce evil practice.

1.         All men and women of integrity have many things in common. What are these things?

2.         List five reasons why we need men and women of integrity?

TOPIC: CONTENTMENT

• Attributes of contentment
• Effects of lack of contentment

Meaning of Contentment

Contentment is a feeling of satisfaction and happiness with whatever one has.  Nobody can get all that he or she wants in life.  This is because as one’s need is met, another one is created.  To live a happy life therefore, one should be satisfied with what one can honestly acquire.

Attributes of Contentment: these are

• Lack of envy
• Hatred for Greed
• Abhorrence or hatred for corruption

1.         Satisfaction :  A person that is contented is always satisfied with what he can honestly acquire and so tries to live within his means.

2.         Lack of Envy:  A person that is contented envies nobody.  Instead he works diligently to improve himself.

3.         Humility:  A person that is contented is always humble, he does not look down on others but treats them with dignity and respect

4.         Hatred for Greed: A contented person hates greed. That is, he hates grab-it-all attitude in whatever he does.

5.         Abhorrence or Hatred for Corruption: A contented person hates everything that is immoral and does not abuse his office for personal gains.

• Define contentment.
• List five attributes of contentment.

Effects of Lack of Contentment

Lack of contentment is the foundation of many problems in our society today.  Among such problems are:

• prostitution

i.          Corruption : When people in a society lack contentment, corruption will be the order of the day.

ii.         Greed:   lack of contentment leads to greed.  That is the attitude of accumulating wealth for future generations at the expense of others.

iii.        Envy:  Lack of contentment breeds envy . It in turn, leads to other anti-social behaviours such as assassination, etc.

iv.        Stealing :  A person that is not contented with what he can honestly acquire will definitely steal sooner or later.

v.         Prostitution : Ladies and women who ‘sell’ their bodies for money, do so because of lack of contentment with what they have.

vi.        Robbery:   Some youths that are engaged in armed robbery today are suffering the consequences of lack of contentment.  They hate to live simple life.

vii.       Cheating :  Cheating arises from lack of contentment and inability to work hard.

State five effects of lack of contentment.

• What is contentment?
• Mention three attributes of contentment.
• What is honesty?             

4.   Mention three attributes of honesty

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 19-21

1.         ______is the cause of prostitution, stealing and cheating.

            A. Fair-play     B. Contentment          C. Honesty                  D. Lack of contentment

2.         These are some of the effects of lack of contentment except_____.

            A. stealing       B. cheating                  C. prostitution             D. probity

3.         Happiness and satisfaction with what one has is called _________.

            A. probity        B. fair-play                  C. honesty                   D. contentment

4.         A student who refused to join his mates in stealing is demonstrating_____

            A. contentment           B. fair-play      C. non- compromise of principles

            D.  truthfulness

5.         Probity, truthfulness and fair-play are sense of the features of ________.

            A. integrity                              B. contentment           C. honesty                   D. cleverness

1.         Define contentment.

2.         List and explain two consequences of lack of contentment.

TOPIC: DISCIPLINE

• Features or characteristics of discipline
• Importance of discipline in a society

Meaning of Discipline

Discipline is the ability to train people to control their behaviour according  to laid down principles, rules and regulations.  It can also be defined as act of training body and mind to produce self control. This extends to obeying traffic rules and regulations, the constitution, our superior authorities, etc.

What is discipline?

Features or Characteristics of Discipline

• Perseverance
• Respect for legitimate authority.
• Dedication:   This is the habit of sticking to a set goal or plan.  It also means no break of focus no matter how difficult the situation may be.  The ability to stay dedicated to a given plan helps us to achieve greatness in life.
• Moderation : This means avoiding excesses.  Anybody of discipline is always a moderate person.  He does not over do anything.  That is, he knows where and when to stop in all circumstances.
• Perseverance :  Is the ability to continue to do a thing or pursue a goal despite difficulties, pains and discouragement until the desired results is achieved.  A disciplined person always perseveres without minding pains or difficulties.
• Respect for legitimate (rightful) authority.   A disciplined person is always a respecter of the laws of the land.  He respects and obeys the constitution of his country and respects all the people occupying position of authority .
• Modesty: This attribute of discipline enables a disciplined person to be humble.  He does not boast of his achievement, status or position in life.
• Mention four features of discipline.

Importance of Discipline In a Society

• Encouragement of Peace :  When rules and regulations are obeyed in the society peace will reign
• It fosters or encourages unity : It makes people to work together in unity
• Fosters economic and political development . With discipline every one in the society tries to engage in one activity or the other in order to earn a living in a rightful way i.e all employable persons try to contribute to national income and economic growth.
• It fosters political stability: this is done in the area if free and fair election, obedience to legitimate government and political stability of the country.
• It fosters good health for individual and the society .  If we are in our regular physical exercise our health will improve to the benefits of the society.
• It saves time :  In our highways, the time the nation wastes due to traffic congestions could be avoided if every driver exercises patience and discipline.
• State four importance of discipline in a society.
• What is dishonesty?
• Mention four consequences of dishonesty.

Fundamental of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 24-27

1.         ______ is NOT an attribute of discipline.

            A. Moderation                        B. Respect for legitimate authority     C. Dedication

2.         ______ is the ability to train people to control their behaviour according to laid down principle. A. Contentment   B. Probity                    C. Discipline   D. Dedication

3.         Discipline is the pillar of societal peace and harmony?

            A . Yes                        B. Yes and No            C. I don’t thinks so     D. None of the above

4.         Discipline covers all aspects of life?

            A. Yes             B. No                          C. Yes and No            D. None of the above

5.         _______ attribute of discipline demands that a disciplined person should be humbled.

            A. Extravagance B. Respect for legitimate authority C. Perseverance D.  Modesty

1.        Define discipline.

2.        List three aspects of discipline that will help a student to succeed.

TOPIC: RESPECT FOR RULES AND REGULATION

• Consequences of disobedience.
• Consequences on the individual and the society.

What are rules and regulations?

Rules and regulations are guidelines that members of the society follow which enables peace and harmony in the society. They also serve as a conduct which guide our daily affairs to live peacefully in the society. It also means an authoritative statement of what to do and not to do in a specific situation issued by an appropriate person or organization.

IMPORTANCE OF RULES AND REGULATIONS

Rules are important in our daily activities. However, it seems that people don’t like rules as they represent a kind of restrictions. People will always need rules to be able to live and deal together. Everything in our lives should be restricted with rules or it becomes a mess and unfair. If there are no rules, everyone is free to do whatever they want. We need rules to help us get along together and show respect to each other.

In an academic setting, rules may encompass behavior on campus, policies on tardiness and personal appearance. The following are few importances of rules in schools:

• It is for personal safety.
• It is for peer consideration.
• It is for discipline.
• Respect for authority.
• Peaceful co-existence.

State three importance of rules in schools.

CONSEQUENCES OF DISOBEDIENCE IN SCHOOLS

• Expulsion from school for examination malpractices.
• Students caught fighting shall be punished appropriately.
• Seizure of goods like mobile phones.
• Students caught in sexual immorality will be punished.

CONSEQUENCES OF DISOBEDIENCE ON THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE SOCIETY

• There will be chaos and anarchy.
• There will be underdevelopment.
• There will be frequent arrest of people over non-compliance.
• The government of the day will be distracted from carrying out her duties.
• Break down of law and order will be prevalent.
• Members of the public will not feel safe anywhere they are.
• State three consequences of disobedience in schools.
• Mention four consequences of disobedience on the individual and the society.
• Define Economic Obligation
• Mention three differences between rights and obligations

Good Shepherd Schools: Rules and Regulations, pgs 1-2

• The breakdown of law and order will result to____. A development B. progress

C. anarchy D. peace

• Rules are meant to be____. A. obeyed B. discarded C. flaunted D. abused
• The following are meant to shape the lives of people for the better except____. A. church B. Mosque  C. cultism D. school
• When rules are obeyed, the following are inevitable except_____. A. development

B. harmony C. chaos D. safety

• The society  need the citizenry to make it a better place to live. A. True B. Not necessary C. False        D. Maybe 
• State two importance of rules in schools

TOPIC: COURAGE

• Definition or meaning of courage

Types of Courage

• The characteristics of a courageous person

Meaning or Definition of Courage

Courage can be defined simply as the ability to face danger with boldness.

There are three main types of courage:

• Physical courage        
• Moral courage and
• Spiritual courage

Physical Courage : This is the ability to physically face a dangerous situation. An example is a girl who got up prepared to kill a snake.

Moral Courage : This is this displayed when one feels that it will be morally wrong not to face the danger or pains associated with a crime.  An example is a child who decided to confess he stole his mother’s pen.

Spiritual Courage : This arises when someone is ready to face danger on account of religious matter. For example. A Prophet is sent by God to warn a king of the consequences of his bad policies . He needs spiritual courage to be able to carry out the assignment.

• What is courage?

Attributes or Features of Courage

1.  boldness 2. Bravery 3. Commitment 4. Endurance 5. Determination 6. Diligence

• Boldness : is the ability to speak out in the face of evil or injustice.
• Bravery: is the preparedness to face danger for a purpose.  For example a soldier that goes to war to save his country.
• Commitment :  This is a feeling of responsibility in a given situation.  For example, a parent’s duty to his children at school .
• Endurance :  Is the ability to go through or bear pains and difficulties.
• Determination: is the readiness to face a given task or assignment not minding the difficulties and pains involved.
• Diligence : this is the desire or habit of hard work.

Mention three features of courage.

Characteristics of Courageous People: These are

1.         Boldness : Every courageous person is always bold.

2.         Bravery:  A courageous person displays bravery in an unusual circumstances

3.         Commitment : Every courageous person feels a sense of commitment to a goal or given course despite all odds.

4.         Endurance :  By character, every courageous person has an enduring spirit.

5.         Determination:   This quality of not giving up despite pains and problems,helps a courageous person to accomplish his goal

6.         Diligence : Every person that is courageous is diligent, that is he/she is hard working.

General Evaluation/Revision Questions

• Mention five characteristics of courageous people.
• What is co-operation?
•  Mention three attributes of co-operation.

Fundamental Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pages 28-30

1.         ______ is not an attribute of courage.

            A. Probity                   B.  Endurance             C. Diligence                D. Determination

2.         The ability to face danger with boldness is called ________.

            A. cleverness               B. boldness                 C. courage                   D. commitment

3.         A Prophet who went straight to warn a king of his evil is displaying _____ courage.

            A. moral                      B. spiritual                   C. physical                  D. none of the above

4.         A girl that got prepared to kill a snake is displaying ______ courage.

            A. spiritual                  B. moral                      C.  physical                 D. girl’s

5.         Every country needs ______ men and women to attain greatness.

            A. courageous             B. able                         C. disable                    D. old

• List three characteristics of a courageous person.

TOPIC: NIGERIA AS A FEDERATION

• Meaning of a federation
• Examples of countries practicing federal system of government.
• Meaning of exclusive, residual and concurrent lists.
• The need for Federalism.

Meaning of Federation:  Federation is a system of government in which there is a constitutional division of powers between the central government and other component units forming the union or federation that is division of powers between the federal government and the states within the country.  It is also called a federal system of government or a federation.

What is federation?

Examples of Countries Practicing Federal System of Government.

They include:

1. Australia 2. Nigeria 3. United States of America 4. Switzerland 5. Canada etc

Meaning of Exclusive Residual List

Exclusive List :  This is a list of items or topics or activities on which only the federal government has powers to make laws on.  On anything on the exclusive list, no state or local government has any say.

The items include:

• Immigration
• Foreign Affairs
• Currency Matters
• Internal Affairs

Mention four items in the Exclusive List.

Residual List:   This is a list of all activities or topics or items which only the state government has powers to make laws on.  They include

1.  Chieftancy matters             2.  Markets etc

Concurrent List: This is a list of items or topics or activities, areas in which both the state and federal government can participate .  Items on this list include:

i.  Health                     ii. Education               iii.  Agriculture           iv.  Road

Need for Federation

There are reasons Nigeria has need for a federation or federal system of government. These are

• National Integration: A federal government supervising the federating units (i.e States) will help us in national integration , that is, national unity.
• Even Development : The federal system of government will enable the states and local governments to develop evenly, that is side by side with others.
• Geographical Sizes : Given the geographically large Nigeria, it is the federal system of government that will make the administration of the federal, states and local government easy.
• Economic Factor or Reason :  The need to pool our resources together to form a stronger financial body or a richer country.
• Minorities Interest : It is the federal system that ensures that the minority tribes or ethnic groups are not over-looked or ignored in the development of the nation.
• Mention three need for a federal system of government.
• State three items in the Concurrent List.
• What is self-reliance?
• Mention three attributes of self-reliance.

Fundamentals of   Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 33-35.

1.         _________ is the list containing what the federal government only can deal with

            A. Concurrent list       B. Residual list            C. Exclusive list          D. all of the above

2.         This is not an example of a country that runs a federal system of government.

            A. Nigeria                   B. America                  C. Australian               D. Britain

3.         Concurrent list is for states and federal government.

            A. Yes                         B. No                          C. Yes and No            D. I don’t think so

4.         Residual list contain matters of issues handled only by the state government.

            A.  No                         B. Yes                         C. Yes and NO           D. None of the above

5.         Nigeria needs a federal system of government____.

A.  because of North and South B. because of Christianity and Islam C. because of even development of the country. D.  because of literate and illiterate citizens

1.         Explain concurrent list and state four activities on the list .

2.         What do you mean by Residual list and Exclusive list.

TOPIC: CHARACTERISTICS OF A FEDERATION

1.         Division of Powers: There is a constitutional division of powers between the federal, state and local government.

2.         Supremacy of the Constitution: In any federation the highest or supreme power lies with the constitution.

3.         Written and Rigid Constitution: To avoid the problem of manipulation and marginalization of a given unit, the federal constitution is always written and rigid.

4.         Existence of Bi-Cameral Legislature: The law making body at the federal level in a federal system must be bi-cameral (i.e two) . In Nigeria they are the House of Senate and House of Representatives.

5.         Existence of the Supreme Court:  There must exist a supreme court which is the highest court of justice in the country.  In Nigeria, the decision or ruling of the supreme court is the final in any legal matter.

State three characteristics of a federation.

Relationship Between Federal, State and Local Governments.

1.         Federal Government:  Is the central government. It is in charge of defense, police, army, foreign affairs, currency matters etc.. It supervises the states and local governments.

2.         State Government : the state governors are the  heads of state governments.  A State Governor oversees the State Council  of Chiefs, State Civil  Service Commission etc.  The State Executive Council is headed by the governor and is responsible for smooth running of the state.

3.         Local Government: is the third tier or third level of government in the country.  It is headed by the local government chairman.  The laws made by the local government are called bye-laws.

State three areas of relationships among the tiers of government.

Areas of differences between the federal, state and local government .

These are the major differences in their functions:

1.         The Federal Government initiates  and implements i.e carries out policies for the whole country. However, the states and local government have their own areas of authority.

2.         The federal government has the power to control the states and local government but the states and local governments cannot control the federal government.

3.         The federal, states and local governments receive money from the federation account and this money is called allocation.

4.         The Federal Executive Council is headed by the President.  It is made up of the past heads of states, state governor and ministers.

5.         The Federal Government has two legislative houses – the Senate and the House of Representatives.

6.         The States and local government have uni-cameral legislature each (i.e only one law-making house or office.)

• State three major differences among the tiers of government.
• Mention three characteristics of a federation.
• Mention three ways to nurture your talents.
• List three processes of discovering your talents.

Fundamentals of  Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 37-40.

1.         _________ commands the greatest power in Nigeria

            A. President    B. Senate                     C. Army                      D. Constitution

2.         Nigeria operates a federal, written and rigid constitution.

            A. Yes             B. No                          C. Yes and No            D. I don’t know

3.         The Federal Executive Council, the highest policy making council in Nigeria, is headed by ______. A. Vice President B. Senate President    C. President    D. All Nigerians

4.         ________is the highest court in Nigeria.

            A. Magistrate Court    B. High Court             C. Supreme Court       D. District Court

5.         Bye-laws are made by ______.

            A. lawyers                   B. president                 C. governors                D. local government

1.         State four features or attributes of a federation.

2.         Write a short note on the supreme court.

TOPIC: GOVERNMENT

MEANING OF GOVERNMENT

The word government has two main definitions:-

i.          It is the act of ruling and directing the affairs of people in a society or a nation for all-round peaceful co-existences and development or

ii.         It is a group of people or body of persons that are given the authority to rule, protect and direct the affairs of the society or a nation

What is government?

Arms of Government

These are the organs of government namely:-

i.  The Legislatures

ii.  The Executive and   iii.  The Judiciary

• Mention the three arms of government.

The Executive carries out government laws and decisions. In essence, they executes any bill passed into law for the advancement of the society. At the federal level, the executive arm is headed by the President. At state level, the executive arm is headed by the governor of each state. While the local government chairman is the chief executive officer of each local government.

Functions of the Executive

• Appointment and removal of cabinet members.
• It prepares annual budgets and implements it.
• The president or governor has the power to issue pardon for offences against the state. This is called prerogative of mercy.
• It implements laws made by the legislature.

Mention the functions of the executive.

Symbols of Office

The symbols of office are the vital instruments that identify the above offices.  They are respectively symbolized with

i.  the national flag and  ii the coat of arms

•  What is government?
• Mention the types of citizenship we have.
• List five ways of naturalization in Nigeria.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for Basic 8 by Sola Akinyemi pgs 46-47

1.        The law-making body in a federal system of government is called _________.

            A. Lawyers                             B. Judiciary                             C. President     D. Legislature

2.         ______ interprets the law made for the country.

            A. Interpreter                          B. Judiciary                             C. Legislature  D. President

3.         ____ holds the executive power at the federal level in Nigeria.

            A.  President               B. VP                          C. Senate President     D. All of the above

4.         The symbols of office in high government offices in Nigeria are____.

            A. Pictures and National flag B. The Coat of Arms and Nigerian flag C.  National flag and beautiful objects D.  All of the above

5.         The organs of government in Nigeria are _______ in number.

            A. 3                             B. 4                             C. 5                             D. 6

1.         List the arms of government in Nigeria.

2.         List the levels of government in Nigeria.

TOPIC: LEGISLATURE

The legislature, as we already know, is the arm of government that has the constitutional duty of making laws for the country.

There are two types of legislature:

i.          The Bi-cameral and

ii.         The Unicameral legislature.

Meaning of Bi-Cameral Legislature

This is the type of legislature that has two legislative (i.e. law-making) houses or office.  Nigeria has a bicameral legislature made up of:

a.         House of Senate (or upper house)

b          House of Representatives (the lower house)

These two houses are called the National Assembly.  The House of Senate has 109 members (i.e. 3 for each state and one for Abuja).i e. (36 x 3) + 1 = 109

The House of Representatives has 360 members.  Each state is represented according to its population.

Mention the two types of legislature.

Unicameral Legislature

This is the type of legislature (law-making body) with only one legislative house.

In Nigeria, the states and local governments have each one legislative house.  This means that every state government or local government in Nigeria has a unicameral legislature. 

Note that each state’s legislature is referred to as House of Assembly and is headed by the Speaker.

What is unicameral legislature?

Outline Powers of the Legislature

1.         To make laws.

2.         To approve budget.

3.         To make and amend the constitution.

4.         To ratify (i.e. approves) appointment of public officials.

5.         It has powers to impeach the President if necessary. Also, at state level, it can impeach the governor if the need arises.

6.         Investigative functions: -i.e. the power to probe past and present public officials.

7.         Approval of treaties (i.e. agreements) made by the executive with other countries.

8.         Control of administration of government agencies.

•  Mention the two types of legislature.
• List five powers of the legislature.
• What are Rights of a Citizen?
• State four importance of citizens’ rights.

Fundamentals of Civic Education for B.8 by Sola Akinyemi pg 42-45

1.         _______is the legislative house of each state in Nigeria.

A. Senate        B. House of Assembly            C. National Assembly D. All of the above

2.         States and local governments have ______ legislature each.

            A. Unicameral                         B. Bi-cameral              C. All of the above

3.         The members of the senate are _______ in number.

            A. 1009                                   B. 1090                       C. 109             D. 10090

4.         The House of Representatives members are _______ in total.

            A. 3600                       B. 3006                       C. 3060                       D. 360

5.         Bi- cameral legislature refers to two law-making houses or bodies.

            A. No                          B. Yes                         C. Yes and No            D.I don’t know

1.         Calculate how the total number of senators is arrived at

2.         List four functions of the legislature.

WEEK ELEVEN

TOPIC: THE JUDICIARY

MEANING OF THE JUDICIARY

As already explained, the judiciary is the arm or organ of government which interprets laws made by the legislature.

• What is the judiciary?

Functions and Powers of the Judiciary

1.         It interprets and explains the laws thus resolving electoral disputes and ensuring harmony in the society.

2.         Through the courts, it settles disputes between spouses, business partners, employees and employers etc.

3.         It interprets the constitution and protects it from being violated by any person or institution.

4.         It offers advice on constitutional preparation and amendment.

5.         It has powers to determine whether the executive or legislature has acted beyond its powers given by the constitution.

6.         Through the restraining orders (i.e. stop orders) issued by courts the judiciary prevents people from acting against the law.

Mention three functions of the judiciary.

The Judiciary symbols of authority include:

1.         The wig and

2.         The gown.

• Mention the judicial symbol of office.
• What is obligation?
• Mention the three types of obligations.

Fundamental of Civic Education for B.8 by Sola Akinyemi pg 49-52

1.         The wig and the gown are some of the symbols of authority of _______

            A. the executive          B. the judiciary C. the legislature D. none of the above

2.         ______ is concerned with law-making.

            A. Legislature B. Judiciary                            C. Executive               D. all of the above

3.         Law interpretation is the duty of the ___________.

            A. President                            B. Vice President        C. Judiciary                D. Legislature

4.         The upper house is the _________.

            A. Senate                                B. Judiciary                 C. Executive               D. Legislature

5.         The Lower House in Nigeria has _______ members.

            A.  109                                    B. 360                         C. 3600                       D. 1009

1.         List three functions of the judiciary.

2.         Mention the judicial symbols of office.

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SS2 CIVIC EDUCATION SCHEME OF WORK – 1st, 2nd, 3rd Term

You will find below on this page SS2 Civic Education Scheme of work for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd term. This will be very helpful for you in planning your lessons for your students. Do enjoy your Academic Session.

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WEEK 1 CITIZENSHIP

1.        Meaning and definition of citizenship education

2.        Duties and obligation of citizens

·          Preservation of tradition, custom and culture

WEEK 2 DEMOCRACY AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

1.        Meaning of capitalist democracy

2.        The features of capitalist democracy

·          Competition for power

1.            National Consciousness, integrity and unity

        WEEK 3 DEMOCRACY AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

1.    Capitalist democracy

WEEK 4 IMPORTANCE OF EMPLOYMENT IN PROVERTY ALEVATION

1.    Factors that guarantee employment

WEEK 5 FIRST CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT TEST WEEK 6 MID TERM BREAK

WEEK 7 POLITICAL APATHY

1.        Reasons for political apathy

2.        Why leaders fail to protect the interest of their followers?

WEEK 8 WHY LEADERS FAIL TO PROTECT THE INTEREST OF THEIR FOLLOWERS?

SECOND TERM

WEEK 1       POPULAR PARTICIPATION

1.        Achieving popular participation in politics

2.        Meaning of popular participation

·          Reasons why people do not participate in politics.

WEEK 2     FORMATION OF POPULAR ORGANISATION

1.        Definition of popular   organisation

2.        Formation of  popular organization

WEEK 3     HUMAN RIGHT

1.        The meaning

2.        Limitation to human right

WEEK 4       CONTINOUS ASSESSMENT TEST WEEK 5      DRUG AND DRUG ABUSE

1.        Meaning of drug abuse

2.        The types of drugs and ways they are abused

·          Symptoms of drug abuse.

WEEK 6        EMERGENCY PERIOD

1.                   Meaning of

WEEK 8       PREVENTION OF DRUG ABUSE

1.        Drug law enforcement agency and administration

2.        Law promulgated to curb drug abuse.

WEEK 1           RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD

2.        Role of responsible parenthood

·          Importance of responsible parenthood

WEEK 2 RELATIONSHIP/INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP

1.        Meaning

2.        Types

WEEK 3 SKILLS THAT PROMOTE INTER-PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP

WEEK 4       INTER-COMMUNAL RELATIONSHIP

1.        The meaning of inter-communal relationship

2.        The importance of inter-communal relationship.

WEEK 5 FIRST CONTINOUS ASSESSMENT TEST

WEEK 6 SKILLS FOR RESOLVING INTER-COMMUNAL CONFLICTS

WEEK 8 TRAFFIC REGULATION

1.        The meaning of traffic regulations

2.        Examples or types of traffic regulations.

WEEK  9  ROLES  OF  INDIVIDUALS  AND GOVERNMENT IN ENFORCING TRAFFIC REGULATION.

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• SS2 CHEMISTRY SCHEME OF WORK – 1st, 2nd, 3rd Term
• JS1 BUSINESS STUDIES SCHEME OF WORK – 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Term

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Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 1)

  Relevant Posts on Civic Education Scheme of Work for JSS Classes  Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 2) Civic Education Scheme of Work for Junior Secondary School (JSS 3)

CIVIC EDUCATION 

JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 1)

WEEK   TOPICS/CONTENTS   1. NATIONAL VALUES I. Meaning II. Mention at Least Three Levels of Manifestation of Values in the Society III. Describe the levels of manifestation of values in the society.   2. IMPORTANCE OF VALUE AND FACTORS THAT PROMOTE VALUE SYSTEM I. Analyze the Importance of Values II. Enumerate the Factors that Promote Value System   3. IMPORTANCE OF VALUE AND FACTORS THAT PROMOTE VALUE (Continuation)   4. NATIONAL VALUES (HONESTY) I. Meaning of Honesty II. State the Attributes of Honesty III. Identify Benefits of Honesty   5. DISHONESTY  I. Explain the Meaning of Dishonesty II. Identify and Explain the Consequences of Dishonesty   6. NATIONAL VALUES II (COOPERATION)  I. Define Cooperation II. List the Attributed of Cooperation III. Explain the Attributes of Cooperation   7. FACTORS THAT PROMOTE COOPERATION  I. Identify Factors that promote Cooperation (Trust, Setting Goals Together) II. Analyze the Benefits of Cooperation   8. NATIONAL VALUES III (SELF RELIANCE) I. Meaning of Self Reliance II. Analyze the Attributes of Self Reliance III. Benefits to One’s Self Family and Society   9. SELF RELIANCE I. Define Self Reliance II. State the Importance of Self Reliance   10. PROCESS OF IDENTIFYING ONE’S NATURAL TALENTS  I. List Method of Discovering One’s Natural Talents II. How to Nurture Identified Talents III. Consequences of Wasted Talents and Underdeveloped Skills IV. Effects of Underdeveloped Skills   11. REVISION   12-13. EXAMINATION

CIVIC EDUCATION  JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 1) SECOND TERM   1. REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK   2. CITIZENSHIP I. Define Citizenship II. List the Types of Citizenship e. G. By birth, Registration and Naturalization   3. PROCESS OF BECOMING A CITIZEN OF A COUNTRY I. Describe the Process of Becoming a Citizen II. Differentiate between Place of Birth and Place of Origin   4. RIGHT AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS  I. Define Rights II. Define Duties   5. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RIGHT AND DUTIES  Distinguish between citizenship rights and duties and obligations   6. IMPORTANCE OF RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CITIZENS Outline the Importance of Rights and Duties of a Citizen   7. TYPES OF RIGHTS OF A CITIZEN  I. Identify the Types of Rights of a Citizen – Political, Social and Economic Rights II. Explain the Types of Rights of Citizens   8. TYPES OF RIGHTS (Continuation)    9. CONSEQUENCES OF NON – PERFORMANCE OF OBLIGATIONS  I. Meaning of obligation II. Mention Some Obligations of Citizens III. State the Effects of Non – Performance of Obligation by Citizens   10. | 11. REVISION   12. | 13. EXAMINATION

CIVIC EDUCATION  JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (JSS 1) THIRD TERM 1. REVISION OF LAST TERM’S WORK   2. NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND IDENTITY  I. Explain National Consciousness II. Features National Consciousness III. Discuss what an Identity Means   3. NATIONAL SYMBOLS AND THEIR MEANINGS  I. Coat of Arms, National Flag and National Currency II. Recite the National Anthem and Pledge III. Identify Measures included in the Anthem and Pledge   4. NATIONAL SYMBOLS (Continuation)   5. NATIONAL SYMBOLS AND THEIR MEANINGS  I. Recite the National Anthem and National Pledge II. Identify and Describe the Unifying Measures included to National Anthem and Pledge   6. MEASURES ADOPTED BY NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT TO PROMOTE UNITY AMONG NIGERIANS  Unity schools, NYSC, Federal Character, Tolerance, Hospitality, Intermarriage.   7. MEASURES ADOPTED BY NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT TO PROMOTE UNITY AMONG NIGERIANS (II)   8. HOW INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS CAN PROMOTE NATIONAL UNITY I. Measures II. Institutions that promote National Unity III. Mention the Institutions set to Foster National Unity IV. Suggest more Measures to be used to Unite   9. NIGERIAN CONSTITUTION I. Meaning of Constitution II. Aspect that Seek to Promote National Consciousness III. Identify the Purpose of having one Constitution IV. Explain the Aspect that Foster Unity   10. | 11. REVISION   12. EXAMINATION

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