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IP ADDRESSING.
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19.1 Chapter 19 Network Layer: Logical Addressing Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Classifying Network Addressing
Chapter 19 Network Layer: Logical Addressing Stephen Kim.
1 Computer Communication & Networks Lecture 17 & 18 Network Layer: Logical Addressing Waleed Ejaz.
© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public 1 Version 4.0 Addressing the Network – IPv4 Network Fundamentals – Chapter 6.
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© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.ICND1 v1.0—4-1 LAN Connections Constructing a Network Addressing Scheme.
1 © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. IP Basics 1.1 st Octet Values for Class A, B, C, D, & E 2.HOB (High Order Bits) in the 1 st Octet 3.Format.
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IP ADDRESSES
Apr 05, 2019
310 likes | 327 Views
IP ADDRESSES. C ONTENTS. Objectives. Introduction. IP Versions. IPv4 Addressing. Classful Addressing. Class A. Class B. Class C. Other Classes. Dotted Decimal Notation. Unforeseen Limitations to Classful Addressing. Subnetting. Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR).
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Presentation Transcript
IPADDRESSES
CONTENTS Objectives Introduction IP Versions IPv4 Addressing Classful Addressing Class A Class B Class C Other Classes Dotted Decimal Notation Unforeseen Limitations to Classful Addressing Subnetting Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) Summary and Practical
Objectives At the end of the presentation to describe what is IP addressing and implications of it.
INTRODUCTION The internet protocol (IP) is part of the TCP/IP protocol suit and is the most widely used internetworking protocol. IP belongs to internet layer in TCP/IP model and to Network layer (layer3) in OSI model. Main Purpose of Network layer in OSI model is to • Deliver packets from sending computer to receiving computer (host-to-host) across a communications network.
IPv4 Header Version IHL Type of Services Total Length Identification Flags Fragment Offset Protocol Header Checksum Time to Live Source Address Source Address Destination Address Destination Address Options + Padding BACK
Home Addresses 86 , Ward Place, Colombo 7 85 , Ward Place, Colombo 7 87, Ward Place, Colombo 7 88 , Ward Place, Colombo 7
IP Addresses 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.3
Objectives Introduction IP Versions IPv4 Addressing Classful Addressing Class A Class B Class C Other Classes Dotted Decimal Notation Unforeseen Limitations to Classful Addressing Subnetting Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) Summary and Practical
IPv4 Addresses Source and Destination field of IPv4 header contains 32bit address consisting of network identifier and a host identifier. The first part of an Internet address identifies the network on which the host resides, while the second part identifies the particular host on the given network. All hosts on a given network share the same network-prefix but must have a unique host-number. Similarly, any two hosts on different networks must have different network-prefixes but may have the same host-number.
Classful IP Addressing Primary Address Classes
Class A Networks (/8 Prefixes) Network address Host address • A maximum of 126 (27 -2) /8 networks can be defined. network 0.0.0.0 is reserved for use as the default route network 127.0.0.0 is reserved for the "loopback" function. • Each /8 supports a maximum of 16,777,214 (224 -2) hosts per network. all-0s ("this network") and all-1s ("broadcast") Class A
Class B Networks (/16 Prefixes) Network address Host address • maximum of 16,384 (214 ) /16 networks can be defined with up to 65,534 (216 -2) hosts per network. Class B
Class C Networks (/24 Prefixes) Host address Network address • A maximum of 2,097,152 (221 ) /24 networks can be defined with up to 254 (28 -2) hosts per network. Class C
Other Classes • In addition to the three most popular classes, there are two additional classes. Class D addresses have their leading four-bits set to 1-1-1-0 and are used to support IP Multicasting. Class E addresses have their leading four-bits set to 1-1-1-1 and are reserved for experimental use.
Dotted-Decimal Notation • To make Internet addresses easier for human users to read and write, IP addresses are often expressed as four decimal numbers, each separated by a dot. This format is called "dotted-decimal notation."
Unforeseen Limitations to Classful Addressing • The original designers never envisioned that the Internet would grow into what it has become today. Many of the problems that the Internet is facing today can be traced back to the early decisions that were made during its formative years • The decision to standardize on a 32-bit address space meant that there were only 232(4,294,967,296) IPv4 addresses available • The classful A, B, and C octet boundaries were easy to understand and implement, but they did not foster the efficient allocation of a finite address space. Problems resulted from the lack of a network class that was designed to support medium-sized organizations. A /24, which supports 254 hosts, is too small while a /16, which supports 65,534 hosts, is too large
Subnetting • In 1985, RFC 950 defined a standard procedure to support the subnetting, or division, of a single Class A, B, or C network number into smaller pieces. Subnetting was introduced to overcome some of the problems that parts of the Internet were beginning to experience with the classful two-level addressing hierarchy: • Internet routing tables were beginning to grow. • Local administrators had to request another network number from the Internet before a new network could be installed at their site
Subnetting.. • Extended-Network-Prefix • Internet routers use only the network-prefix of the destination address to route traffic to a subnetted environment. Routers within the subnetted environment use the extended-network- prefix to route traffic between the individual subnets. The extended-network-prefix is composed of the classful network-prefix and the subnet-number. • The extended-network-prefix has traditionally been identified by the subnet mask
Subnetting.. Number of Continuous 1 bits
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) • CIDR eliminates the traditional concept of Class A, Class B, and Class C network addresses and replaces them with the generalized concept of a "network-prefix." Routers use the network-prefix, rather than the first 3 bits of the IP address, to determine the dividing point between the network number and the host number. As a result, CIDR supports the deployment of arbitrarily sized networks rather than the standard 8-bit, 16- bit, or 24-bit network numbers associated with classful addressing • In the CIDR model, each piece of routing information is advertised with a bit mask (or prefix-length). The prefix-length is a way of specifying the number of leftmost contiguous bits in the network-portion of each routing table entry. For example, a network with 20 bits of network-number and 12-bits of host-number would be advertised with a 20-bit prefix length (a /20). The clever thing is that the IP address advertised with the /20 prefix could be a former Class A, Class B, or Class C. Routers that support CIDR do not make assumptions based on the first 3-bits of the address, they rely on the prefix-length information provided with the route /20 Prefix
Objectives Introduction IP Versions IPv4 Addressing Classful Addressing Class A Class B Class C Other Classes Dotted Decimal Notation Unforeseen Limitations to Classful Addressing Subnetting Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) Summary
Summary Source and Destination field of IPv4 header contains 32bit address consisting of network identifier and a host identifier Primary Address Classes
Dotted-Decimal Notation Subnetting
CIDR CIDR eliminates the traditional concept of Class A, Class B, and Class C network addresses and replaces them with the generalized concept of a "network-prefix." Routers use the network-prefix, rather than the first 3 bits of the IP address, to determine the dividing point between the network number and the host number. As a result, CIDR supports the deployment of arbitrarily sized networks rather than the standard 8-bit, 16- bit, or 24-bit network numbers associated with classful addressing.
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This slide describes an IP addresss meaning, how it forms, its two sizes, and its range for ipv4 and ipv6 IP addresses. Slidegeeks is here to make your presentations a breeze with Front End Developer What An IP Address Is Mockup PDF With our easy-to-use and customizable templates, you can focus on delivering your ideas rather than worrying about formatting.
IP Addressing.ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. An IP address is a unique identifier for a device on a TCP/IP network consisting of four numbers separated by periods. There are five classes of IP addresses that determine the number of addresses and networks available.
By. Damon Garn, Cogspinner Coaction. Published: 26 Dec 2023. Network devices use IP addresses and subnets to identify the source and destination of communications and manage network addresses respectively. IP addresses contain two parts: a network identifier and a host identifier. The network ID specifies an area of the network where a device ...
Download ppt "Ip addressing & subnetting". objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to: Configure IP addresses Identify & select valid IP addresses for networks Configure a DHCP server Configure a host to use DHCP for configuration Troubleshoot & resolve IP addresses configuration and communication issues Configure DNS ...
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Introduction to IP Addressing • Introduction • IPv4 Network Addresses • Connectivity Verification • Summary. IP AddressingObjectives At the end of this presentation, you will be able to: • Describe the structure of an IPv4 address. • Describe the purpose of the subnet mask. • Compare the characteristics and uses of the unicast ...
IP ADDRESS Compiled by : S. Agarwal Lecturer & Systems Incharge St. Xavier's Computer Centre St. Xavier's College, Kolkata.. IP ADDRESS : An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique identifier for a node or host connection on an IP network. An IP address is a 32 bit binary number usually represented as 4 decimal values, each representing 8 bits, in the range 0 to 255 (known as octets ...
IP Addressing Basics LAB 8. Objective • Name the five different classes of IP addresses • Describe the characteristics and use of the different IP address classes • Identify the class of an IP address based on the network number • Determine which part, or octet, of an IP address is the network ID and which part is the host ID ...
Presentation transcript: 1 IP ADDRESSING. 2 IP Addressing IP Addressing is Logical Addressing It works on Network Layer (Layer 3) Two Versions of Addressing Scheme IP version 4 - 32 bit addressing IP version 6 - 128 bit addressing. 3 IP version 4 Bit is a value that will represent 0's or 1's (i.e. Binary) 32 bits are divided into 4 ...
1. Class A- If the 32 bit binary address starts with a bit 0, then IP Address belongs to class A. In class A IP Address, The first 8 bits are used for the Network ID. The remaining 24 bits are used for the Host ID. Total Number Of IP Addresses-Total number of IP Addresses available in class A = Numbers possible due to remaining available 31 bits = 231
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Presentation Transcript. IP address • Universally accepted addressing method is required so that all hosts can communicate with each other • TCP/IP based network is assigned with unique addresses known as IP addresses. IP address • Network layer addresses (IP addresses) are 32 bits long. • Presented as four octets in dotted decimal format.
Presentation Transcript. IP Address Chapter 3. Basics • IP addressing is the backbone in any network environment. • IP addressing allows routing. • Routing allows the computers across different networks to communicate. • Any machine/host that has a valid IP address can communicate. Prepared by Saher H. Mohammed.
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IP Address. IP Address. Presented by Ravi Namboori. IP Address. IP Address is a numerical number assigned to each and every device which is looped in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication. We are having two versions in ip address . They are : Ip version 4 (IPV4) 658 views • 8 slides
IP Addresses. Universal address regardless of layer 2 architecture Each address is that of an interface , not necessarily a host A host may have more than one interface and therefore more than one IP address IP address affects the path selected to deliver data to a host. I1. I3. I4. R. 298 views • 18 slides