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85 Critical Thinking Questions to Carefully Examine Any Information

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The ability to think critically will often determine your success in life.

Let’s face it. Every day, we are bombarded by news, social media updates, and an avalanche of information. If you take all of this at face value, it’s easy to be deceived, misled or ripped off.

That’s why it’s important to  develop a mindset that focuses on critical thinking . This is a skill that needs to be developed in the classroom. But it’s also a valuable life skill.

With that in mind, the following post will share 85 critical thinking questions you can use to increase your awareness about different problems by carefully examining available information. 

Let’s get started…

Table of Contents

What Are Critical Thinking Questions?

Critical thinking questions are inquiries that help you think rationally and clearly by understanding the link between different facts or ideas. These questions create a seemingly endless learning process that lets you critique, evaluate, and develop a depth of knowledge about a given subject. Moreover, you get to reinforce your viewpoints or see things in a new way.

We make decisions every day, whether at work or home. Adopting logical, rational, and practical approaches in addressing various issues requiring critical thinking is essential in decision-making. Therefore, before arriving at a decision, always ask yourself relevant questions and carefully analyze the matter’s pros and cons.

Critical Thinking Questions When in an Argument

When you make an argument using a critical thinking approach, you focus on justified claims that are valid and based on evidence. It helps one establish a strong argument.

  • Do I disagree with the other person? Might the person I'm arguing with be misinformed on what they are saying?
  • Would I be comfortable saying what I am telling him/her if I was in front of a group of people? 
  • What would happen if I lose this argument? Is engaging in this argument worth my time and energy? How will I feel if I lose?
  • Is there room for ambiguity or misinterpretation? Are we arguing because I didn't make my point explicit? Should I take my time to understand his school of thought?
  • Do I need some rest before saying something? Am I arguing because of other reasons other than the issues at hand? Do I need to take some time and cool down?

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  • Is it more important that I’m right? Am I trying to ask to prove an unnecessary point?
  • Is this argument inductive, deductive, or abductive? Is it a weak or strong argument that I need to engage in? Is it compelling or sound? 
  • Is my opponent sincere? Given that they are wrong, are they willing to admit that they are wrong? Can they depend on available evidence, wherever it leads?
  • Are my opponents only trying to shift their burden to me? What is the best way to prove them wrong without making them feel bad?
  • Are the people I'm arguing with only interested in winning, or are they trying to pass some information across and help me discover the truth?

Critical Thinking Questions When Reading a Book 

When you read a book, you probably ask yourself many “why” questions. Why is this a problem? Why did the character say that? Why is this important? The most challenging part of reading a book is assessing the information you are reading. These questions can help.

  • If I learn only two things from this book, what will they be? How will they help me? How will I apply them in my daily life?
  • What message are the authors trying to pass across? Are they making suggestions or providing evidence for their arguments?
  • Given that almost every book is about solving problems, what is the most prevalent issue that the author is trying to solve?
  • What is the author’s writing style? What strategy or master plan does the author employ to convey his/her main ideas throughout the book?
  • Do I have background information about the book’s topic? If so, how is what the author is saying different from what I already know?
  • What didn’t I understand from the book? Should I re-read the book to understand everything the writer is trying to convey?
  • Which sections of the book do I love the most, and why? Generally, do I like this book? Should I look for more books that are written by the same author?
  • If I had a chance to meet this book’s author, what questions would I ask him/her? What would I tell the writer about the book? Is it a great book worth recommending to your friends and family members?
  • Who are the main characters of the book? If there is only one main character, what overarching goal does the character accomplish?
  • In what ways did the protagonist change from the start of the book to the end? What caused the changes? Was the protagonist reckless in some ways? Which ways?

Critical Thinking Questions to Spot a Scam

Asking questions when you feel that a fraud or a scam is being presented to you is a good way to stretch your critical thinking muscles. Are you being emailed or messaged by a stranger? Or maybe there are other red flags you are unsure about. If so, ask these questions.

  • Does it seem to be too good to be true? Is this stranger pushy or trying to lure me into making a poor decision?
  • When trying out online dating: Is my new “friend” professing strong feelings towards me although we’ve only interacted for a few hours?
  • Why is a stranger calling me to ask about my Social Security Number (SSN), personal contact information, or bank details while claiming they are from the bank or a phone company? 
  • When buying products online, why does the seller ask me to pay for goods using an insecure payment option like Bitcoin or money order?
  • Does the email I have received have any spelling or grammatical errors? Is the language used overly formal or informal?
  • If I do a quick search about the exact words of the email I received, does Google indicate it's a fraud or scam?
  • Why should a stranger manipulate me using obvious questions like “Would you want to be rich or poor?” While they already know the answer?
  • Is the email asking me to download an attachment? Or click a link to some insecure website? 
  • Is the person trying to make me feel selfish or guilty for not sending them money, whether for a donation or buying a product? 
  • Is the stranger portraying a sense of urgency and using pressure tactics? Are they telling me that their family member needs urgent medical attention?

Critical Thinking Questions About Your Life

It can also help to ask yourself a few critical thinking questions about your life. This way, you can gather basic information and uncover solutions to problems you might not have otherwise thought of.

  • Where do I wish to be in a few years, probably two, three, or five years? What short-term and long-term goals should I set?
  • What have I achieved so far from the time I set my previous goals? What should I be grateful for?
  • Do I have any values that guide me in life? If so, what are these values? Am I always true to these values?
  • Am I always worried about what people around me think? Can I act independently without the need to meet social expectations?
  • What should people say about me at my funeral? Would they talk about how good I made them feel or how rich and flashy I was?
  • If I wasn't afraid of anyone or anything, what would I have done? What if I didn't have any fear in me?
  • If today was my last day, what extraordinary thing would I do? Can I do it right now?
  • What should I do with the things that matter the most to me? 
  • What things will make the greatest difference in my future life if I take action now?
  • How should I react when I feel unwanted by the people I love the most? Should I tell them?

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Critical Thinking Questions for a Debate or Discussion

When you are in the middle of a debate or discussion, you need to know that what you are saying is fact, have evidence to support your claim, and position yourself as an expert in what you are saying. Here are some critical thinking questions to ask when you are in a debate or discussion.

  • Is there fairness in this discussion? Is the moderator supporting one side? Do they want to make one side look stupid or wrong? 
  • What is the aim of this discussion? Is there a major problem that needs to be solved? If so, how can I help solve it?
  • Who are the people affected by this discussion? If they were here, what would they say?
  • Do my views on this discussion matter? If I raise my point, will I be redundant?
  • What am I supposed to learn from this debate, and how can I use what I have learned in my daily life?
  • Does the audience seem to be biased towards one side? Are they booing one side? What can I do even if it's our opponents being booed?
  • Who are the discussion panel members? What views have they held about this kind of discussion or any other related discussions in the past?
  • How can I make my point without being ambiguous? Before I speak, should I take down some notes to avoid any confusion during my speech?
  • Am I ready to apologize if I make a mistake during the discussion? If so, what are the limits?
  • What information does my team, or I need before this discussion? 

Critical Thinking Questions About Lying

Admitting when you are wrong, choosing not to cheat, and sharing constructive feedback are all ways to show your honesty. Here are some critical thinking skills to ask regarding lying.

  • Will the lie hurt those I am telling, or will it help them? What if being honest might cause my friend unnecessary pain?
  • Should I be the one telling this person a lie, or I let someone else do it? 
  • Will I be the one hurt if I tell this lie? Will my friend feel I am a betrayer? Will it affect our friendship?
  • Do they answer my questions in detail, or are they always trying to ignore and dodge the main problem?
  • What if I ask these people the same question using different terms and wording? Will they give me the same response?
  • Did the tone of my friend suddenly change after I asked him/her this question? Do they sound louder, faster, or slower compared to how they usually speak?
  • Does this person have something to gain by lying to me? What is their motive?
  • Does this person take a sudden pause or hesitate more than usual when responding to my question?
  • When I look at these people's faces, do their facial expressions match what they say?
  • Should I believe this person or not? What are my intuitions? Does it look like they are telling the truth?
  • Do they blink like other days when I ask them questions? Are they always trying to avoid direct eye contact?
  • Why do they seem uncomfortable when it’s just a normal conversation?  

Critical Thinking Questions When Presented With a Claim

Critical thinking is much more than just evaluating whether a claim is true or not. It also means a critical thinker reflects on what follows from true claims.

  • What does this claim mean, and what are its implications? What if it's a false claim?
  • Which of my morals, values, or beliefs do I have to give up to accept this claim?
  • Do professionals in this field agree or disagree with the claim that has been made?
  • Do they have evidence to back their claim? Which is the most robust evidence to support the claim?
  • What argument can I come up with to refute this claim? Or what is the best view that can support this claim?
  • Who is the primary source of the claim being made? Is the basis of the claim reliable?
  • Is it a claim, or it's just an opinion?
  • Is the claim likely to be 100% false, true, or partially true?
  • Am I allowed to refute the claim and table my evidence, or is it one-sided?

Critical Thinking Interview Questions

Critical thinking skills are valuable in any industry or field and for almost all roles. During a job interview, you will be asked questions so the potential employer can assess your skills and see how you use logic. Your critical thinking ability is just one vital part that can play into your professional development.

  • Is there a time you had to convince someone to use an alternate approach to solve a problem?
  • Have you ever had to make a difficult decision quickly?
  • How would you handle a situation where your supervisor handled something wrong or made a mistake?
  • What is one of the most difficult decisions you have ever had to make at work?
  • How would you solve a disagreement between coworkers when approaching a project?
  • Can you describe a time when you anticipated a problem ahead of time and took the appropriate steps to stop the problem from becoming an issue?
  • If you discover a cheaper way to do something or a better solution to a problem and try to explain it to your supervisor, but they don’t understand, what do you do?

Critical Thinking Questions for Kids

We can’t leave the kids out either. Critical thinking questions for kids get them thinking and talking. It also allows a parent to get to know their child better.

  • How many grains of sand do you think are on the beach?
  • What would happen if it stopped raining?
  • Do you think there is life on other planets?
  • Should children be able to set their own bedtimes?
  • How would you describe what a tree looks like without saying green or leaves?
  • Can you name five different emotions?
  • Can you talk for five minutes without uttering “um?”

What Are the Basic Principles of Critical Thinking?

Your critical thinking skills involve gathering complete information, understanding and defining terms, questioning the methods by which we get facts, questioning the conclusions, and looking for hidden assumptions and biases.

Additionally, we can’t expect to find all of the answers, and we need to take the time to examine the big picture of it all.

Here are the basic principles:

  • Disposition: Someone with critical thinking skills is often skeptical, open-minded, and practices fair-mindedness. They can look at different viewpoints and change positions if the evidence and reason lead them to do so.
  • Criteria: In order to think critically, one must also apply criteria. Certain conditions must be met before someone believes in something. The information needs to be from credible sources.
  • Argument: An argument is simply a statement or proposition that is shown with supporting evidence. When you use your critical thinking skills, you identify, evaluate, and construct your argument.
  • Reasoning: With critical thinking comes reasoning. You must examine logical relationships among the statements being made.
  • Point of View: Critical thinkers can see things from different perspectives and different points of view.

What Are Good Analysis Questions?

Analysis is a part of critical thinking that allows you to examine something carefully. Someone with analytical skills can examine the information presented, understand what that information means, and then properly explain that information to others. Analysis in critical thinking provides more clarity on the information you process.

When analyzing, you may ask yourself, “how do I know this,” how would I solve this problem,” and “why does it matter?”

Why Is Critical Thinking an Important Skill?

Critical thinking skills allow you to express thoughts, ideas, and beliefs in a better way. It also leads to improved communication while allowing others to understand you better. Critical thinking fosters creativity and encourages out-of-the-box thinking. This is a skill that can be applied to many different areas of your life.

For example, knowing the answers to critical thinking questions for a job interview will better prepare you for the interview. Many employers, during questioning, are likely to ask you critical thinking questions to assess if you have the ability to evaluate information effectively so you can make more informed decisions.

Final Thoughts on Critical Thinking Questions

Although it's common to get torn between making two or more choices, nobody wants to make the wrong decision. The only thing you can do to avoid this is use critical thinking questions to examine your situation. The answers to these questions will help you make informed decisions and help you comprehend crucial matters in your life. 

Want to learn more about critical thinking and decision-making using a real-life example? Here is  how Jeff Bezos uses critical thinking  to make some of the most challenging life decisions.

Finally, if you want to ask better questions, then watch this short, 20-minute course to learn how to have a great conversation with virtually anyone .

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41+ Critical Thinking Examples (Definition + Practices)

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Critical thinking is an essential skill in our information-overloaded world, where figuring out what is fact and fiction has become increasingly challenging.

But why is critical thinking essential? Put, critical thinking empowers us to make better decisions, challenge and validate our beliefs and assumptions, and understand and interact with the world more effectively and meaningfully.

Critical thinking is like using your brain's "superpowers" to make smart choices. Whether it's picking the right insurance, deciding what to do in a job, or discussing topics in school, thinking deeply helps a lot. In the next parts, we'll share real-life examples of when this superpower comes in handy and give you some fun exercises to practice it.

Critical Thinking Process Outline

a woman thinking

Critical thinking means thinking clearly and fairly without letting personal feelings get in the way. It's like being a detective, trying to solve a mystery by using clues and thinking hard about them.

It isn't always easy to think critically, as it can take a pretty smart person to see some of the questions that aren't being answered in a certain situation. But, we can train our brains to think more like puzzle solvers, which can help develop our critical thinking skills.

Here's what it looks like step by step:

Spotting the Problem: It's like discovering a puzzle to solve. You see that there's something you need to figure out or decide.

Collecting Clues: Now, you need to gather information. Maybe you read about it, watch a video, talk to people, or do some research. It's like getting all the pieces to solve your puzzle.

Breaking It Down: This is where you look at all your clues and try to see how they fit together. You're asking questions like: Why did this happen? What could happen next?

Checking Your Clues: You want to make sure your information is good. This means seeing if what you found out is true and if you can trust where it came from.

Making a Guess: After looking at all your clues, you think about what they mean and come up with an answer. This answer is like your best guess based on what you know.

Explaining Your Thoughts: Now, you tell others how you solved the puzzle. You explain how you thought about it and how you answered. 

Checking Your Work: This is like looking back and seeing if you missed anything. Did you make any mistakes? Did you let any personal feelings get in the way? This step helps make sure your thinking is clear and fair.

And remember, you might sometimes need to go back and redo some steps if you discover something new. If you realize you missed an important clue, you might have to go back and collect more information.

Critical Thinking Methods

Just like doing push-ups or running helps our bodies get stronger, there are special exercises that help our brains think better. These brain workouts push us to think harder, look at things closely, and ask many questions.

It's not always about finding the "right" answer. Instead, it's about the journey of thinking and asking "why" or "how." Doing these exercises often helps us become better thinkers and makes us curious to know more about the world.

Now, let's look at some brain workouts to help us think better:

1. "What If" Scenarios

Imagine crazy things happening, like, "What if there was no internet for a month? What would we do?" These games help us think of new and different ideas.

Pick a hot topic. Argue one side of it and then try arguing the opposite. This makes us see different viewpoints and think deeply about a topic.

3. Analyze Visual Data

Check out charts or pictures with lots of numbers and info but no explanations. What story are they telling? This helps us get better at understanding information just by looking at it.

4. Mind Mapping

Write an idea in the center and then draw lines to related ideas. It's like making a map of your thoughts. This helps us see how everything is connected.

There's lots of mind-mapping software , but it's also nice to do this by hand.

5. Weekly Diary

Every week, write about what happened, the choices you made, and what you learned. Writing helps us think about our actions and how we can do better.

6. Evaluating Information Sources

Collect stories or articles about one topic from newspapers or blogs. Which ones are trustworthy? Which ones might be a little biased? This teaches us to be smart about where we get our info.

There are many resources to help you determine if information sources are factual or not.

7. Socratic Questioning

This way of thinking is called the Socrates Method, named after an old-time thinker from Greece. It's about asking lots of questions to understand a topic. You can do this by yourself or chat with a friend.

Start with a Big Question:

"What does 'success' mean?"

Dive Deeper with More Questions:

"Why do you think of success that way?" "Do TV shows, friends, or family make you think that?" "Does everyone think about success the same way?"

"Can someone be a winner even if they aren't rich or famous?" "Can someone feel like they didn't succeed, even if everyone else thinks they did?"

Look for Real-life Examples:

"Who is someone you think is successful? Why?" "Was there a time you felt like a winner? What happened?"

Think About Other People's Views:

"How might a person from another country think about success?" "Does the idea of success change as we grow up or as our life changes?"

Think About What It Means:

"How does your idea of success shape what you want in life?" "Are there problems with only wanting to be rich or famous?"

Look Back and Think:

"After talking about this, did your idea of success change? How?" "Did you learn something new about what success means?"

socratic dialogue statues

8. Six Thinking Hats 

Edward de Bono came up with a cool way to solve problems by thinking in six different ways, like wearing different colored hats. You can do this independently, but it might be more effective in a group so everyone can have a different hat color. Each color has its way of thinking:

White Hat (Facts): Just the facts! Ask, "What do we know? What do we need to find out?"

Red Hat (Feelings): Talk about feelings. Ask, "How do I feel about this?"

Black Hat (Careful Thinking): Be cautious. Ask, "What could go wrong?"

Yellow Hat (Positive Thinking): Look on the bright side. Ask, "What's good about this?"

Green Hat (Creative Thinking): Think of new ideas. Ask, "What's another way to look at this?"

Blue Hat (Planning): Organize the talk. Ask, "What should we do next?"

When using this method with a group:

  • Explain all the hats.
  • Decide which hat to wear first.
  • Make sure everyone switches hats at the same time.
  • Finish with the Blue Hat to plan the next steps.

9. SWOT Analysis

SWOT Analysis is like a game plan for businesses to know where they stand and where they should go. "SWOT" stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.

There are a lot of SWOT templates out there for how to do this visually, but you can also think it through. It doesn't just apply to businesses but can be a good way to decide if a project you're working on is working.

Strengths: What's working well? Ask, "What are we good at?"

Weaknesses: Where can we do better? Ask, "Where can we improve?"

Opportunities: What good things might come our way? Ask, "What chances can we grab?"

Threats: What challenges might we face? Ask, "What might make things tough for us?"

Steps to do a SWOT Analysis:

  • Goal: Decide what you want to find out.
  • Research: Learn about your business and the world around it.
  • Brainstorm: Get a group and think together. Talk about strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
  • Pick the Most Important Points: Some things might be more urgent or important than others.
  • Make a Plan: Decide what to do based on your SWOT list.
  • Check Again Later: Things change, so look at your SWOT again after a while to update it.

Now that you have a few tools for thinking critically, let’s get into some specific examples.

Everyday Examples

Life is a series of decisions. From the moment we wake up, we're faced with choices – some trivial, like choosing a breakfast cereal, and some more significant, like buying a home or confronting an ethical dilemma at work. While it might seem that these decisions are disparate, they all benefit from the application of critical thinking.

10. Deciding to buy something

Imagine you want a new phone. Don't just buy it because the ad looks cool. Think about what you need in a phone. Look up different phones and see what people say about them. Choose the one that's the best deal for what you want.

11. Deciding what is true

There's a lot of news everywhere. Don't believe everything right away. Think about why someone might be telling you this. Check if what you're reading or watching is true. Make up your mind after you've looked into it.

12. Deciding when you’re wrong

Sometimes, friends can have disagreements. Don't just get mad right away. Try to see where they're coming from. Talk about what's going on. Find a way to fix the problem that's fair for everyone.

13. Deciding what to eat

There's always a new diet or exercise that's popular. Don't just follow it because it's trendy. Find out if it's good for you. Ask someone who knows, like a doctor. Make choices that make you feel good and stay healthy.

14. Deciding what to do today

Everyone is busy with school, chores, and hobbies. Make a list of things you need to do. Decide which ones are most important. Plan your day so you can get things done and still have fun.

15. Making Tough Choices

Sometimes, it's hard to know what's right. Think about how each choice will affect you and others. Talk to people you trust about it. Choose what feels right in your heart and is fair to others.

16. Planning for the Future

Big decisions, like where to go to school, can be tricky. Think about what you want in the future. Look at the good and bad of each choice. Talk to people who know about it. Pick what feels best for your dreams and goals.

choosing a house

Job Examples

17. solving problems.

Workers brainstorm ways to fix a machine quickly without making things worse when a machine breaks at a factory.

18. Decision Making

A store manager decides which products to order more of based on what's selling best.

19. Setting Goals

A team leader helps their team decide what tasks are most important to finish this month and which can wait.

20. Evaluating Ideas

At a team meeting, everyone shares ideas for a new project. The group discusses each idea's pros and cons before picking one.

21. Handling Conflict

Two workers disagree on how to do a job. Instead of arguing, they talk calmly, listen to each other, and find a solution they both like.

22. Improving Processes

A cashier thinks of a faster way to ring up items so customers don't have to wait as long.

23. Asking Questions

Before starting a big task, an employee asks for clear instructions and checks if they have the necessary tools.

24. Checking Facts

Before presenting a report, someone double-checks all their information to make sure there are no mistakes.

25. Planning for the Future

A business owner thinks about what might happen in the next few years, like new competitors or changes in what customers want, and makes plans based on those thoughts.

26. Understanding Perspectives

A team is designing a new toy. They think about what kids and parents would both like instead of just what they think is fun.

School Examples

27. researching a topic.

For a history project, a student looks up different sources to understand an event from multiple viewpoints.

28. Debating an Issue

In a class discussion, students pick sides on a topic, like school uniforms, and share reasons to support their views.

29. Evaluating Sources

While writing an essay, a student checks if the information from a website is trustworthy or might be biased.

30. Problem Solving in Math

When stuck on a tricky math problem, a student tries different methods to find the answer instead of giving up.

31. Analyzing Literature

In English class, students discuss why a character in a book made certain choices and what those decisions reveal about them.

32. Testing a Hypothesis

For a science experiment, students guess what will happen and then conduct tests to see if they're right or wrong.

33. Giving Peer Feedback

After reading a classmate's essay, a student offers suggestions for improving it.

34. Questioning Assumptions

In a geography lesson, students consider why certain countries are called "developed" and what that label means.

35. Designing a Study

For a psychology project, students plan an experiment to understand how people's memories work and think of ways to ensure accurate results.

36. Interpreting Data

In a science class, students look at charts and graphs from a study, then discuss what the information tells them and if there are any patterns.

Critical Thinking Puzzles

critical thinking tree

Not all scenarios will have a single correct answer that can be figured out by thinking critically. Sometimes we have to think critically about ethical choices or moral behaviors. 

Here are some mind games and scenarios you can solve using critical thinking. You can see the solution(s) at the end of the post.

37. The Farmer, Fox, Chicken, and Grain Problem

A farmer is at a riverbank with a fox, a chicken, and a grain bag. He needs to get all three items across the river. However, his boat can only carry himself and one of the three items at a time. 

Here's the challenge:

  • If the fox is left alone with the chicken, the fox will eat the chicken.
  • If the chicken is left alone with the grain, the chicken will eat the grain.

How can the farmer get all three items across the river without any item being eaten? 

38. The Rope, Jar, and Pebbles Problem

You are in a room with two long ropes hanging from the ceiling. Each rope is just out of arm's reach from the other, so you can't hold onto one rope and reach the other simultaneously. 

Your task is to tie the two rope ends together, but you can't move the position where they hang from the ceiling.

You are given a jar full of pebbles. How do you complete the task?

39. The Two Guards Problem

Imagine there are two doors. One door leads to certain doom, and the other leads to freedom. You don't know which is which.

In front of each door stands a guard. One guard always tells the truth. The other guard always lies. You don't know which guard is which.

You can ask only one question to one of the guards. What question should you ask to find the door that leads to freedom?

40. The Hourglass Problem

You have two hourglasses. One measures 7 minutes when turned over, and the other measures 4 minutes. Using just these hourglasses, how can you time exactly 9 minutes?

41. The Lifeboat Dilemma

Imagine you're on a ship that's sinking. You get on a lifeboat, but it's already too full and might flip over. 

Nearby in the water, five people are struggling: a scientist close to finding a cure for a sickness, an old couple who've been together for a long time, a mom with three kids waiting at home, and a tired teenager who helped save others but is now in danger. 

You can only save one person without making the boat flip. Who would you choose?

42. The Tech Dilemma

You work at a tech company and help make a computer program to help small businesses. You're almost ready to share it with everyone, but you find out there might be a small chance it has a problem that could show users' private info. 

If you decide to fix it, you must wait two more months before sharing it. But your bosses want you to share it now. What would you do?

43. The History Mystery

Dr. Amelia is a history expert. She's studying where a group of people traveled long ago. She reads old letters and documents to learn about it. But she finds some letters that tell a different story than what most people believe. 

If she says this new story is true, it could change what people learn in school and what they think about history. What should she do?

The Role of Bias in Critical Thinking

Have you ever decided you don’t like someone before you even know them? Or maybe someone shared an idea with you that you immediately loved without even knowing all the details. 

This experience is called bias, which occurs when you like or dislike something or someone without a good reason or knowing why. It can also take shape in certain reactions to situations, like a habit or instinct. 

Bias comes from our own experiences, what friends or family tell us, or even things we are born believing. Sometimes, bias can help us stay safe, but other times it stops us from seeing the truth.

Not all bias is bad. Bias can be a mechanism for assessing our potential safety in a new situation. If we are biased to think that anything long, thin, and curled up is a snake, we might assume the rope is something to be afraid of before we know it is just a rope.

While bias might serve us in some situations (like jumping out of the way of an actual snake before we have time to process that we need to be jumping out of the way), it often harms our ability to think critically.

How Bias Gets in the Way of Good Thinking

Selective Perception: We only notice things that match our ideas and ignore the rest. 

It's like only picking red candies from a mixed bowl because you think they taste the best, but they taste the same as every other candy in the bowl. It could also be when we see all the signs that our partner is cheating on us but choose to ignore them because we are happy the way we are (or at least, we think we are).

Agreeing with Yourself: This is called “ confirmation bias ” when we only listen to ideas that match our own and seek, interpret, and remember information in a way that confirms what we already think we know or believe. 

An example is when someone wants to know if it is safe to vaccinate their children but already believes that vaccines are not safe, so they only look for information supporting the idea that vaccines are bad.

Thinking We Know It All: Similar to confirmation bias, this is called “overconfidence bias.” Sometimes we think our ideas are the best and don't listen to others. This can stop us from learning.

Have you ever met someone who you consider a “know it”? Probably, they have a lot of overconfidence bias because while they may know many things accurately, they can’t know everything. Still, if they act like they do, they show overconfidence bias.

There's a weird kind of bias similar to this called the Dunning Kruger Effect, and that is when someone is bad at what they do, but they believe and act like they are the best .

Following the Crowd: This is formally called “groupthink”. It's hard to speak up with a different idea if everyone agrees. But this can lead to mistakes.

An example of this we’ve all likely seen is the cool clique in primary school. There is usually one person that is the head of the group, the “coolest kid in school”, and everyone listens to them and does what they want, even if they don’t think it’s a good idea.

How to Overcome Biases

Here are a few ways to learn to think better, free from our biases (or at least aware of them!).

Know Your Biases: Realize that everyone has biases. If we know about them, we can think better.

Listen to Different People: Talking to different kinds of people can give us new ideas.

Ask Why: Always ask yourself why you believe something. Is it true, or is it just a bias?

Understand Others: Try to think about how others feel. It helps you see things in new ways.

Keep Learning: Always be curious and open to new information.

city in a globe connection

In today's world, everything changes fast, and there's so much information everywhere. This makes critical thinking super important. It helps us distinguish between what's real and what's made up. It also helps us make good choices. But thinking this way can be tough sometimes because of biases. These are like sneaky thoughts that can trick us. The good news is we can learn to see them and think better.

There are cool tools and ways we've talked about, like the "Socratic Questioning" method and the "Six Thinking Hats." These tools help us get better at thinking. These thinking skills can also help us in school, work, and everyday life.

We’ve also looked at specific scenarios where critical thinking would be helpful, such as deciding what diet to follow and checking facts.

Thinking isn't just a skill—it's a special talent we improve over time. Working on it lets us see things more clearly and understand the world better. So, keep practicing and asking questions! It'll make you a smarter thinker and help you see the world differently.

Critical Thinking Puzzles (Solutions)

The farmer, fox, chicken, and grain problem.

  • The farmer first takes the chicken across the river and leaves it on the other side.
  • He returns to the original side and takes the fox across the river.
  • After leaving the fox on the other side, he returns the chicken to the starting side.
  • He leaves the chicken on the starting side and takes the grain bag across the river.
  • He leaves the grain with the fox on the other side and returns to get the chicken.
  • The farmer takes the chicken across, and now all three items -- the fox, the chicken, and the grain -- are safely on the other side of the river.

The Rope, Jar, and Pebbles Problem

  • Take one rope and tie the jar of pebbles to its end.
  • Swing the rope with the jar in a pendulum motion.
  • While the rope is swinging, grab the other rope and wait.
  • As the swinging rope comes back within reach due to its pendulum motion, grab it.
  • With both ropes within reach, untie the jar and tie the rope ends together.

The Two Guards Problem

The question is, "What would the other guard say is the door to doom?" Then choose the opposite door.

The Hourglass Problem

  • Start both hourglasses. 
  • When the 4-minute hourglass runs out, turn it over.
  • When the 7-minute hourglass runs out, the 4-minute hourglass will have been running for 3 minutes. Turn the 7-minute hourglass over. 
  • When the 4-minute hourglass runs out for the second time (a total of 8 minutes have passed), the 7-minute hourglass will run for 1 minute. Turn the 7-minute hourglass again for 1 minute to empty the hourglass (a total of 9 minutes passed).

The Boat and Weights Problem

Take the cat over first and leave it on the other side. Then, return and take the fish across next. When you get there, take the cat back with you. Leave the cat on the starting side and take the cat food across. Lastly, return to get the cat and bring it to the other side.

The Lifeboat Dilemma

There isn’t one correct answer to this problem. Here are some elements to consider:

  • Moral Principles: What values guide your decision? Is it the potential greater good for humanity (the scientist)? What is the value of long-standing love and commitment (the elderly couple)? What is the future of young children who depend on their mothers? Or the selfless bravery of the teenager?
  • Future Implications: Consider the future consequences of each choice. Saving the scientist might benefit millions in the future, but what moral message does it send about the value of individual lives?
  • Emotional vs. Logical Thinking: While it's essential to engage empathy, it's also crucial not to let emotions cloud judgment entirely. For instance, while the teenager's bravery is commendable, does it make him more deserving of a spot on the boat than the others?
  • Acknowledging Uncertainty: The scientist claims to be close to a significant breakthrough, but there's no certainty. How does this uncertainty factor into your decision?
  • Personal Bias: Recognize and challenge any personal biases, such as biases towards age, profession, or familial status.

The Tech Dilemma

Again, there isn’t one correct answer to this problem. Here are some elements to consider:

  • Evaluate the Risk: How severe is the potential vulnerability? Can it be easily exploited, or would it require significant expertise? Even if the circumstances are rare, what would be the consequences if the vulnerability were exploited?
  • Stakeholder Considerations: Different stakeholders will have different priorities. Upper management might prioritize financial projections, the marketing team might be concerned about the product's reputation, and customers might prioritize the security of their data. How do you balance these competing interests?
  • Short-Term vs. Long-Term Implications: While launching on time could meet immediate financial goals, consider the potential long-term damage to the company's reputation if the vulnerability is exploited. Would the short-term gains be worth the potential long-term costs?
  • Ethical Implications : Beyond the financial and reputational aspects, there's an ethical dimension to consider. Is it right to release a product with a known vulnerability, even if the chances of it being exploited are low?
  • Seek External Input: Consulting with cybersecurity experts outside your company might be beneficial. They could provide a more objective risk assessment and potential mitigation strategies.
  • Communication: How will you communicate the decision, whatever it may be, both internally to your team and upper management and externally to your customers and potential users?

The History Mystery

Dr. Amelia should take the following steps:

  • Verify the Letters: Before making any claims, she should check if the letters are actual and not fake. She can do this by seeing when and where they were written and if they match with other things from that time.
  • Get a Second Opinion: It's always good to have someone else look at what you've found. Dr. Amelia could show the letters to other history experts and see their thoughts.
  • Research More: Maybe there are more documents or letters out there that support this new story. Dr. Amelia should keep looking to see if she can find more evidence.
  • Share the Findings: If Dr. Amelia believes the letters are true after all her checks, she should tell others. This can be through books, talks, or articles.
  • Stay Open to Feedback: Some people might agree with Dr. Amelia, and others might not. She should listen to everyone and be ready to learn more or change her mind if new information arises.

Ultimately, Dr. Amelia's job is to find out the truth about history and share it. It's okay if this new truth differs from what people used to believe. History is about learning from the past, no matter the story.

Related posts:

  • Experimenter Bias (Definition + Examples)
  • Hasty Generalization Fallacy (31 Examples + Similar Names)
  • Ad Hoc Fallacy (29 Examples + Other Names)
  • Confirmation Bias (Examples + Definition)
  • Equivocation Fallacy (26 Examples + Description)

Reference this article:

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  • What Is Critical Thinking? | Definition & Examples

What Is Critical Thinking? | Definition & Examples

Published on May 30, 2022 by Eoghan Ryan . Revised on May 31, 2023.

Critical thinking is the ability to effectively analyze information and form a judgment .

To think critically, you must be aware of your own biases and assumptions when encountering information, and apply consistent standards when evaluating sources .

Critical thinking skills help you to:

  • Identify credible sources
  • Evaluate and respond to arguments
  • Assess alternative viewpoints
  • Test hypotheses against relevant criteria

Table of contents

Why is critical thinking important, critical thinking examples, how to think critically, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about critical thinking.

Critical thinking is important for making judgments about sources of information and forming your own arguments. It emphasizes a rational, objective, and self-aware approach that can help you to identify credible sources and strengthen your conclusions.

Critical thinking is important in all disciplines and throughout all stages of the research process . The types of evidence used in the sciences and in the humanities may differ, but critical thinking skills are relevant to both.

In academic writing , critical thinking can help you to determine whether a source:

  • Is free from research bias
  • Provides evidence to support its research findings
  • Considers alternative viewpoints

Outside of academia, critical thinking goes hand in hand with information literacy to help you form opinions rationally and engage independently and critically with popular media.

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Critical thinking can help you to identify reliable sources of information that you can cite in your research paper . It can also guide your own research methods and inform your own arguments.

Outside of academia, critical thinking can help you to be aware of both your own and others’ biases and assumptions.

Academic examples

However, when you compare the findings of the study with other current research, you determine that the results seem improbable. You analyze the paper again, consulting the sources it cites.

You notice that the research was funded by the pharmaceutical company that created the treatment. Because of this, you view its results skeptically and determine that more independent research is necessary to confirm or refute them. Example: Poor critical thinking in an academic context You’re researching a paper on the impact wireless technology has had on developing countries that previously did not have large-scale communications infrastructure. You read an article that seems to confirm your hypothesis: the impact is mainly positive. Rather than evaluating the research methodology, you accept the findings uncritically.

Nonacademic examples

However, you decide to compare this review article with consumer reviews on a different site. You find that these reviews are not as positive. Some customers have had problems installing the alarm, and some have noted that it activates for no apparent reason.

You revisit the original review article. You notice that the words “sponsored content” appear in small print under the article title. Based on this, you conclude that the review is advertising and is therefore not an unbiased source. Example: Poor critical thinking in a nonacademic context You support a candidate in an upcoming election. You visit an online news site affiliated with their political party and read an article that criticizes their opponent. The article claims that the opponent is inexperienced in politics. You accept this without evidence, because it fits your preconceptions about the opponent.

There is no single way to think critically. How you engage with information will depend on the type of source you’re using and the information you need.

However, you can engage with sources in a systematic and critical way by asking certain questions when you encounter information. Like the CRAAP test , these questions focus on the currency , relevance , authority , accuracy , and purpose of a source of information.

When encountering information, ask:

  • Who is the author? Are they an expert in their field?
  • What do they say? Is their argument clear? Can you summarize it?
  • When did they say this? Is the source current?
  • Where is the information published? Is it an academic article? Is it peer-reviewed ?
  • Why did the author publish it? What is their motivation?
  • How do they make their argument? Is it backed up by evidence? Does it rely on opinion, speculation, or appeals to emotion ? Do they address alternative arguments?

Critical thinking also involves being aware of your own biases, not only those of others. When you make an argument or draw your own conclusions, you can ask similar questions about your own writing:

  • Am I only considering evidence that supports my preconceptions?
  • Is my argument expressed clearly and backed up with credible sources?
  • Would I be convinced by this argument coming from someone else?

If you want to know more about ChatGPT, AI tools , citation , and plagiarism , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

  • ChatGPT vs human editor
  • ChatGPT citations
  • Is ChatGPT trustworthy?
  • Using ChatGPT for your studies
  • What is ChatGPT?
  • Chicago style
  • Paraphrasing

 Plagiarism

  • Types of plagiarism
  • Self-plagiarism
  • Avoiding plagiarism
  • Academic integrity
  • Consequences of plagiarism
  • Common knowledge

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examples critical thinking questions

Critical thinking refers to the ability to evaluate information and to be aware of biases or assumptions, including your own.

Like information literacy , it involves evaluating arguments, identifying and solving problems in an objective and systematic way, and clearly communicating your ideas.

Critical thinking skills include the ability to:

You can assess information and arguments critically by asking certain questions about the source. You can use the CRAAP test , focusing on the currency , relevance , authority , accuracy , and purpose of a source of information.

Ask questions such as:

  • Who is the author? Are they an expert?
  • How do they make their argument? Is it backed up by evidence?

A credible source should pass the CRAAP test  and follow these guidelines:

  • The information should be up to date and current.
  • The author and publication should be a trusted authority on the subject you are researching.
  • The sources the author cited should be easy to find, clear, and unbiased.
  • For a web source, the URL and layout should signify that it is trustworthy.

Information literacy refers to a broad range of skills, including the ability to find, evaluate, and use sources of information effectively.

Being information literate means that you:

  • Know how to find credible sources
  • Use relevant sources to inform your research
  • Understand what constitutes plagiarism
  • Know how to cite your sources correctly

Confirmation bias is the tendency to search, interpret, and recall information in a way that aligns with our pre-existing values, opinions, or beliefs. It refers to the ability to recollect information best when it amplifies what we already believe. Relatedly, we tend to forget information that contradicts our opinions.

Although selective recall is a component of confirmation bias, it should not be confused with recall bias.

On the other hand, recall bias refers to the differences in the ability between study participants to recall past events when self-reporting is used. This difference in accuracy or completeness of recollection is not related to beliefs or opinions. Rather, recall bias relates to other factors, such as the length of the recall period, age, and the characteristics of the disease under investigation.

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100+ Critical Thinking Questions for Students To Ask About Anything

Critical thinkers question everything.

examples critical thinking questions

In an age of “fake news” claims and constant argument about pretty much any issue, critical thinking skills are key. Teach your students that it’s vital to ask questions about everything, but that it’s also important to ask the right sorts of questions. Students can use these critical thinking questions with fiction or nonfiction texts. They’re also useful when discussing important issues or trying to understand others’ motivations in general.

“Who” Critical Thinking Questions

Questions like these help students ponder who’s involved in a story and how the actions affect them. They’ll also consider who’s telling the tale and how reliable that narrator might be.

  • Is the protagonist?
  • Is the antagonist?
  • Caused harm?
  • Is harmed as a result?
  • Was the most important character?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Is responsible?
  • Is most directly affected?
  • Should have won?
  • Will benefit?
  • Would be affected by this?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Makes the decisions?

“What” Critical Thinking Questions

Ask questions that explore issues more deeply, including those that might not be directly answered in the text.

  • Background information do I know or need to know?
  • Is the main message?
  • Are the defining characteristics?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Questions or concerns do I have?
  • Don’t I understand?
  • Evidence supports the author’s conclusion?
  • Would it be like if … ?
  • Could happen if … ?
  • Other outcomes might have happened?
  • Questions would you have asked?
  • Would you ask the author about … ?
  • Was the point of … ?
  • Should have happened instead?
  • Is that character’s motive?
  • Else could have changed the whole story?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Can you conclude?
  • Would your position have been in that situation?
  • Would happen if … ?
  • Makes your position stronger?
  • Was the turning point?
  • Is the point of the question?
  • Did it mean when … ?
  • Is the other side of this argument?
  • Was the purpose of … ?
  • Does ______ mean?
  • Is the problem you are trying to solve?
  • Does the evidence say?
  • Assumptions are you making?
  • Is a better alternative?
  • Are the strengths of the argument?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Are the weaknesses of the argument?
  • Is the difference between _______ and _______?

“Where” Critical Thinking Questions

Think about where the story is set and how it affects the actions. Plus, consider where and how you can learn more.

  • Would this issue be a major problem?
  • Are areas for improvement?
  • Did the story change?
  • Would you most often find this problem?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Are there similar situations?
  • Would you go to get answers to this problem?
  • Can this be improved?
  • Can you get more information?
  • Will this idea take us?

“When” Critical Thinking Questions

Think about timing and the effect it has on the characters or people involved.

  • Is this acceptable?
  • Is this unacceptable?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Does this become a problem?
  • Is the best time to take action?
  • Will we be able to tell if it worked?
  • Is it time to reassess?
  • Should we ask for help?
  • Is the best time to start?
  • Is it time to stop?
  • Would this benefit society?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Has this happened before?

“Why” Critical Thinking Questions

Asking “why” might be one of the most important parts of critical thinking. Exploring and understanding motivation helps develop empathy and make sense of difficult situations.

  • Is _________ happening?
  • Have we allowed this to happen?
  • Should people care about this issue?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Is this a problem?
  • Did the character say … ?
  • Did the character do … ?
  • Is this relevant?
  • Did the author write this?
  • Did the author decide to … ?
  • Is this important?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Did that happen?
  • Is it necessary?
  • Do you think I (he, she, they) asked that question?
  • Is that answer the best one?
  • Do we need this today?

“How” Critical Thinking Questions

Use these questions to consider how things happen and whether change is possible.

  • Do we know this is true?
  • Does the language used affect the story?
  • Would you solve … ?
  • Is this different from other situations?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Is this similar to … ?
  • Would you use … ?
  • Does the location affect the story?
  • Could the story have ended differently?
  • Does this work?
  • Could this be harmful?
  • Does this connect with what I already know?
  • Else could this have been handled?
  • Should they have responded?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Would you feel about … ?
  • Does this change the outcome?
  • Did you make that decision?
  • Does this benefit you/others?
  • Does this hurt you/others?
  • Could this problem be avoided?

More Critical Thinking Questions

Here are more questions to help probe further and deepen understanding.

  • Can you give me an example?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Do you agree with … ?
  • Can you compare this with … ?
  • Can you defend the actions of … ?
  • Could this be interpreted differently?
  • Is the narrator reliable?
  • Does it seem too good to be true?

examples critical thinking questions

  • Is ______ a fact or an opinion?

What are your favorite critical thinking questions? Come exchange ideas on the WeAreTeachers HELPLINE group on Facebook .

Plus, check out 10 tips for teaching kids to be awesome critical thinkers ., you might also like.

Examples of critical thinking skills like correlation tick-tac-Toe, which teaches analysis skills and debates which teach evaluation skills.

5 Critical Thinking Skills Every Kid Needs To Learn (And How To Teach Them)

Teach them to thoughtfully question the world around them. Continue Reading

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examples critical thinking questions

Critical Thinking Questions That Will Blow Your Mind

  • February 10, 2018

Critical Thinking Questions That Will Blow Your Mind

What would it be like if every decision you made didn’t involve your personal feelings or over-emotional reactions? What if your perspective was always balanced and decisions completely informed? Is it not time that you used critical thinking questions to become the more levelheaded, cool, and calm person you want to be?

Being a critical thinker enables you to take a neutral perspective on an idea or scenario and gives you the power of true choice. Being free from manipulation or emotional ties to your decision will allow you to make the most beneficial choice in any circumstance.

In critical thinking, we are taught to question everything. However, the question behind the question is; what questions should you be asking? Before we go into the critical matter of the exact questions, we should first look at the manner in which these critical thinking questions should be asked. After this article, you will be a wizard at asking critical thinking questions. 

Woman thinking critically

The Standard of Questions You Should Ask

Although the actual questions will be very important to critical thinking, the emphasis and purpose of these questions will determine how effective the questions will be. You must first know how to question before you know what and which critical thinking questions to ask.

1. Open-ended questioning

As a critical thinker, you cannot allow whomever or whatever you are questioning to give you the smallest amount of information for your questions. Yes or No answers can really drag out the process of getting the answers and information that you want.

Asking questions that will not only give you the answers you are looking for but also open up a heap more information than you were searching for. Ask open-ended questions such as the following:

  • “What is the purpose of this scenario?”  Instead of:  “Is this the purpose of this scenario?”
  • “What is your favorite thing about this scenario?” Instead of: “Is this your favorite thing about this scenario?”

2. Avoid leading questions

Being a critical thinker is about escaping your bias and seeing things outside of your personal perspective . It is thus very important to avoid leading the question, in an area you want it to go.

Keep your questions as neutral as possible and don’t allow any definitive language to creep into the question. Such as using the following:

  • “What is your take on the healthiest diet there is?”  Instead of: “Don’t you think the vegan diet is the healthiest diet?”
  • “What is the condition of the country at the moment?”  Instead of: “How bad is the condition of the country at the moment?”

3. Specify the boundaries of your questions

As much as leading a question can be a hindrance to what you want, so can leaving the question too open, and invite unnecessary information to be given. Critical thinking is about being objective, but it still needs a direction and focus in which you apply your critical thinking.

Make sure that you set up an accurate framework in which your questions can be answered. Being too broad makes the process of getting answers inefficient and drawn out. Try asking questions like:

  • “Who is your favorite male tennis player in the United States?”  Instead of: “Who is your favorite tennis player?”
  • “If you could live anywhere in South East Asia, where would that be?”  Instead of: “If you could live anywhere, where would that be?”

4. Funnel the questions until you get the answer you were looking for

When questions remain shallow, it is easy for the sources of information you are questioning to mislead and avoid giving you the information that you want.

Do not set up the path of questions beforehand, but rather make sure that you dig deeper after each question in the direction of information that you really want.  Once you have your answer, then move back to broader questioning in order to get a better picture of the whole once again.

5. All the answers to your question must be based on facts and well supported from many different sources

Make sure that you don’t give into hearsay. Find the studies, the science, and ample testimonials before you accept the information that you have been given.

Look into many different and unrelated sources to see if the information matches up. Look at the other side of the argument and validate their claims.

Couple setting boundaries

Methods of Critical Thinking Questions

1. the 5 w’s and the h.

These are the absolute basics of critical thinking. The Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How are foundational questions that are taught over and over in journalism, investigation, and research.

They are the base from which every critical analysis should be created. You would apply these questions as follows:

  •    …would benefit?
  •    …would this harm?
  •    …is responsible?
  •    …has researched this before?
  •    …is the other perspective?
  •    …would be the challenges?
  •    …are the strengths?
  •    …is the key subject?
  •    …would this problem reside?
  •    …are there similar situations?
  •    …can more information be found?
  •    …can this be improved on?
  •    …is this acceptable and unacceptable?
  •    …could this be implemented?
  •    …would we be able to measure the results?
  •    …is it time to stop this action?
  •    …is this a problem?
  •    …is this relevant?
  •    …should this be known about?
  •    …is there a need for this?
  •    …is this different from anything else similar to it?
  •    …it functions?
  •    … is this the truth about it?
  •    …could it harm anyone?

2. Agenda and method questioning

These two areas of questioning may have already been covered through the 5 W’s and the H. However, it is beneficial to emphasize the angle from which this questioning comes.

The first one is questioning the agenda. This is aimed at figuring out how people could benefit from a situation or idea. This agenda can place all the information received in context.

For instance, if a company was contributing to a charity and their agenda was to improve their image against the damage done by that company, then the contributions would be much less charitable and much more about publicity.

Questions that would help clarify the agenda would be:

  • What is the person or organization involved trying to accomplish?
  • What issues or problems are raised by the person or organization involved?
  • What data, what experiences, what evidence is given?
  • Is the person or organization involved thinking about the environment?
  • Is the person’s or organization’s thinking justified as far as we can see from our perspective?
  • And how do they justify it from their perspective?
  • How can we enter their perspective to appreciate what they have to say?

The second aspect of this is questioning the method. As a critical thinker, this makes the outcomes of every situation and idea questionable, which is exactly the point of critical thinking.

Too many times the outcome of a specific method is the focus of debate, without clarifying if that outcome has validity.

Questions that would help clarify the Method would be:

  •   I s the person or organization involved willing to fundamentally rethink their methods of creating a certain outcome?
  •  Has the person or organization involved thought about how the method will work going into the future?
  •  To what extent has the method been tested?
  •  Is there any other method that could be used to produce this outcome and what would be the implications of this method?
  •  Is the person or organization involved willing to allow this method to be tested?
  •  In what other situation has this method been used and how effective was it?

3. Inquiry process

The inquiry process is exactly that; a process. It does entail certain questions but the power of this process resides in the way the process is conducted.

This process is the standard of research and creates an order in which you can follow, uncovering the information that you seek. Although the terminology may change for each step of the process, the essence of what needs to be done remains the same.

The process is divided as follows:

  •     Ask (Pose Question)
  •    Investigate (Find Resources)
  •    Create (interpret/ Synthesise)
  •    Discuss (Report findings)
  •    Reflect (follow the process backward)

4. Bloom’s taxonomy

Bloom’s taxonomy was created by Dr. Benjamin Bloom , a psychologist in the 1950’s. Bloom’s work was to create a better form of learning through more focus on analysis and evaluation.

Bloom’s taxonomy is very much Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to critical thinking. The original Bloom’s taxonomy encompasses:

  •    What is the subject?
  •    When did it happen?

Comprehension:

  •    How would you compare the subject?
  •    Explain the subject in your own words?

Application

  •    What examples can you find of the subject?
  •    What approach would you use to solve the problem?
  •    What inference can you make from the information?
  •    How would you classify or categorize the subject?
  •    How would you compare the information?
  •    What was the value or importance of the information?

Creation or Synthesis

  •    Can you propose an alternative interpretation of the information?
  •    What might happen if you…?

remembering, understanding, applying, analysing, evaluatating, creating

Bloom’s Taxonomy has since been revised. In 2001 a group of cognitive psychologists, curriculum theorists and instructional researchers, and testing and assessment specialists change the titles of each level to make a more dynamic approach to the system.

The titles were revised to:

  •    Recognizing
  •    Recalling
  •    Interpreting
  •    Exemplifying
  •    Classifying
  •    Summarizing
  •    Inferring
  •    Comparing
  •    Explaining
  •    Executing
  •    Implementing
  •    Differentiating
  •    Organizing
  •    Attributing
  •    Checking
  •    Critiquing
  •    Generating
  •    Planning
  •    Producing

In the process of the revision, the authors broke the knowledge area into its own taxonomy:

Factual Knowledge

  •    Knowledge of terminology
  •    Knowledge of specific details and elements

Conceptual Knowledge

  •    Knowledge of classifications and categories
  •    Knowledge of principles and generalizations
  •    Knowledge of theories, models, and structures

Procedural Knowledge

  •    Knowledge of subject-specific skills and algorithms
  •    Knowledge of subject-specific techniques and methods
  •    Knowledge of criteria for determining when to use appropriate procedures

Metacognitive Knowledge

  •    Strategic Knowledge
  •    Knowledge about cognitive tasks, including appropriate contextual and conditional knowledge
  •    Self-knowledge

If you want to know more about the reasoning behind the revision click here .

5. Integral questioning

Integral theory was created by Ken Wilber  (author of A Brief History of Everything ) and has become one of the most useful structures of evaluation in this era. The integral model is a reference structure in which you can objectively see all areas of a specific subject.

This method goes hand in glove with the practice of critical thinking. Applying the method into question form will bring out the following analysis:

Quadrants: this is the evaluation of each viewpoint of a certain subject.

  •    What does a specific person involved think or feel about the subject?
  •    What studies and tests have been done on the subject?
  •    What do the people as a whole feel or think about the subject?
  •    What does the industry of the subject say on the subject?

Lines: These are the areas of understanding of factors involved in the matter.

  •    What are the different areas of life expressed in this subject?
  •    What factors are involved in the situation or subject?
  •    To what area of understanding does is the subject appeal to?

Levels: This deals with a hierarchical standard of a certain area of the subject.

  •    To what level of understanding does is a subject appeal?
  •    How complex or advanced is this subject?
  •    What standard of knowledge needs to be obtained to understand this subject?

State: This refers to a fleeting state of being in which the subject can be seen in.

  •    In what state of mind was the person involved in when reviewing the subject?
  •    In what state of mind was the person involved in when the situation occurred?
  •    Is the information given contextual to a certain situation?

Types: This is a division of experiences based on traits that could affect perspective.

  •    How would someone who is completely different from the person involved perceive the situation?
  •    What different types of people were involved in the situation?
  •    How could this subject be received differently by a different cultural reference?

Question Everything

You now possess all that you need to start becoming a critical thinker and asking critical thinking questions. The only way to engrain the above processes and questions to become a critical thinker is to practice. You might need to refer to this article consistently at first, but after time you will become a natural and healthy critical thinker.

This video may help to ignite your passion for questioning everything:

Read more on critical thinking by checking out these related articles and resources:

  • How to Solve the Biggest Problems With Critical Thinking
  • Critical Thinking Examples That Wil Influence the World Around You

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How to build your critical thinking skills in 7 steps (with examples)

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Critical thinking is, well, critical. By building these skills, you improve your ability to analyze information and come to the best decision possible. In this article, we cover the basics of critical thinking, as well as the seven steps you can use to implement the full critical thinking process. 

Critical thinking comes from asking the right questions to come to the best conclusion possible. Strong critical thinkers analyze information from a variety of viewpoints in order to identify the best course of action.

Don’t worry if you don’t think you have strong critical thinking abilities. In this article, we’ll help you build a foundation for critical thinking so you can absorb, analyze, and make informed decisions. 

What is critical thinking? 

Critical thinking is the ability to collect and analyze information to come to a conclusion. Being able to think critically is important in virtually every industry and applicable across a wide range of positions. That’s because critical thinking isn’t subject-specific—rather, it’s your ability to parse through information, data, statistics, and other details in order to identify a satisfactory solution. 

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Top 8 critical thinking skills

Like most soft skills, critical thinking isn’t something you can take a class to learn. Rather, this skill consists of a variety of interpersonal and analytical skills. Developing critical thinking is more about learning to embrace open-mindedness and bringing analytical thinking to your problem framing process. 

In no particular order, the eight most important critical thinking skills are:

Analytical thinking: Part of critical thinking is evaluating data from multiple sources in order to come to the best conclusions. Analytical thinking allows people to reject bias and strive to gather and consume information to come to the best conclusion. 

Open-mindedness: This critical thinking skill helps you analyze and process information to come to an unbiased conclusion. Part of the critical thinking process is letting your personal biases go and coming to a conclusion based on all of the information. 

Problem solving : Because critical thinking emphasizes coming to the best conclusion based on all of the available information, it’s a key part of problem solving. When used correctly, critical thinking helps you solve any problem—from a workplace challenge to difficulties in everyday life. 

Self-regulation: Self-regulation refers to the ability to regulate your thoughts and set aside any personal biases to come to the best conclusion. In order to be an effective critical thinker, you need to question the information you have and the decisions you favor—only then can you come to the best conclusion. 

Observation: Observation skills help critical thinkers look for things beyond face value. To be a critical thinker you need to embrace multiple points of view, and you can use observation skills to identify potential problems.

Interpretation: Not all data is made equal—and critical thinkers know this. In addition to gathering information, it’s important to evaluate which information is important and relevant to your situation. That way, you can draw the best conclusions from the data you’ve collected. 

Evaluation: When you attempt to answer a hard question, there is rarely an obvious answer. Even though critical thinking emphasizes putting your biases aside, you need to be able to confidently make a decision based on the data you have available. 

Communication: Once a decision has been made, you also need to share this decision with other stakeholders. Effective workplace communication includes presenting evidence and supporting your conclusion—especially if there are a variety of different possible solutions. 

7 steps to critical thinking

Critical thinking is a skill that you can build by following these seven steps. The seven steps to critical thinking help you ensure you’re approaching a problem from the right angle, considering every alternative, and coming to an unbiased conclusion.

 First things first: When to use the 7 step critical thinking process

There’s a lot that goes into the full critical thinking process, and not every decision needs to be this thought out. Sometimes, it’s enough to put aside bias and approach a process logically. In other, more complex cases, the best way to identify the ideal outcome is to go through the entire critical thinking process. 

The seven-step critical thinking process is useful for complex decisions in areas you are less familiar with. Alternatively, the seven critical thinking steps can help you look at a problem you’re familiar with from a different angle, without any bias. 

If you need to make a less complex decision, consider another problem solving strategy instead. Decision matrices are a great way to identify the best option between different choices. Check out our article on 7 steps to creating a decision matrix .

1. Identify the problem

Before you put those critical thinking skills to work, you first need to identify the problem you’re solving. This step includes taking a look at the problem from a few different perspectives and asking questions like: 

What’s happening? 

Why is this happening? 

What assumptions am I making? 

At first glance, how do I think we can solve this problem? 

A big part of developing your critical thinking skills is learning how to come to unbiased conclusions. In order to do that, you first need to acknowledge the biases that you currently have. Does someone on your team think they know the answer? Are you making assumptions that aren’t necessarily true? Identifying these details helps you later on in the process. 

2. Research

At this point, you likely have a general idea of the problem—but in order to come up with the best solution, you need to dig deeper. 

During the research process, collect information relating to the problem, including data, statistics, historical project information, team input, and more. Make sure you gather information from a variety of sources, especially if those sources go against your personal ideas about what the problem is or how to solve it.

Gathering varied information is essential for your ability to apply the critical thinking process. If you don’t get enough information, your ability to make a final decision will be skewed. Remember that critical thinking is about helping you identify the objective best conclusion. You aren’t going with your gut—you’re doing research to find the best option

3. Determine data relevance

Just as it’s important to gather a variety of information, it is also important to determine how relevant the different information sources are. After all, just because there is data doesn’t mean it’s relevant. 

Once you’ve gathered all of the information, sift through the noise and identify what information is relevant and what information isn’t. Synthesizing all of this information and establishing significance helps you weigh different data sources and come to the best conclusion later on in the critical thinking process. 

To determine data relevance, ask yourself:

How reliable is this information? 

How significant is this information? 

Is this information outdated? Is it specialized in a specific field? 

4. Ask questions

One of the most useful parts of the critical thinking process is coming to a decision without bias. In order to do so, you need to take a step back from the process and challenge the assumptions you’re making. 

We all have bias—and that isn’t necessarily a bad thing. Unconscious biases (also known as cognitive biases) often serve as mental shortcuts to simplify problem solving and aid decision making. But even when biases aren’t inherently bad, you must be aware of your biases in order to put them aside when necessary. 

Before coming to a solution, ask yourself:

Am I making any assumptions about this information? 

Are there additional variables I haven’t considered? 

Have I evaluated the information from every perspective? 

Are there any viewpoints I missed? 

5. Identify the best solution

Finally, you’re ready to come to a conclusion. To identify the best solution, draw connections between causes and effects. Use the facts you’ve gathered to evaluate the most objective conclusion. 

Keep in mind that there may be more than one solution. Often, the problems you’re facing are complex and intricate. The critical thinking process doesn’t necessarily lead to a cut-and-dry solution—instead, the process helps you understand the different variables at play so you can make an informed decision. 

6. Present your solution

Communication is a key skill for critical thinkers. It isn’t enough to think for yourself—you also need to share your conclusion with other project stakeholders. If there are multiple solutions, present them all. There may be a case where you implement one solution, then test to see if it works before implementing another solution. 

7. Analyze your decision

The seven-step critical thinking process yields a result—and you then need to put that solution into place. After you’ve implemented your decision, evaluate whether or not it was effective. Did it solve the initial problem? What lessons—whether positive or negative—can you learn from this experience to improve your critical thinking for next time? 

Depending on how your team shares information, consider documenting lessons learned in a central source of truth. That way, team members that are making similar or related decisions in the future can understand why you made the decision you made and what the outcome was. 

Example of critical thinking in the workplace

Imagine you work in user experience design (UX). Your team is focused on pricing and packaging and ensuring customers have a clear understanding of the different services your company offers. Here’s how to apply the critical thinking process in the workplace in seven steps: 

Start by identifying the problem

Your current pricing page isn’t performing as well as you want. You’ve heard from customers that your services aren’t clear, and that the page doesn’t answer the questions they have. This page is really important for your company, since it’s where your customers sign up for your service. You and your team have a few theories about why your current page isn’t performing well, but you decide to apply the critical thinking process to ensure you come to the best decision for the page. 

Gather information about how the problem started

Part of identifying the problem includes understanding how the problem started. The pricing and packaging page is important—so when your team initially designed the page, they certainly put a lot of thought into it. Before you begin researching how to improve the page, ask yourself: 

Why did you design the pricing page the way you did? 

Which stakeholders need to be involved in the decision making process? 

Where are users getting stuck on the page?

Are any features currently working?

Then, you research

In addition to understanding the history of the pricing and packaging page, it’s important to understand what works well. Part of this research means taking a look at what your competitor’s pricing pages look like. 

Ask yourself: 

How have our competitors set up their pricing pages?

Are there any pricing page best practices? 

How does color, positioning, and animation impact navigation? 

Are there any standard page layouts customers expect to see? 

Organize and analyze information

You’ve gathered all of the information you need—now you need to organize and analyze it. What trends, if any, are you noticing? Is there any particularly relevant or important information that you have to consider? 

Ask open-ended questions to reduce bias

In the case of critical thinking, it’s important to address and set bias aside as much as possible. Ask yourself: 

Is there anything I’m missing? 

Have I connected with the right stakeholders? 

Are there any other viewpoints I should consider? 

Determine the best solution for your team

You now have all of the information you need to design the best pricing page. Depending on the complexity of the design, you may want to design a few options to present to a small group of customers or A/B test on the live website.

Present your solution to stakeholders

Critical thinking can help you in every element of your life, but in the workplace, you must also involve key project stakeholders . Stakeholders help you determine next steps, like whether you’ll A/B test the page first. Depending on the complexity of the issue, consider hosting a meeting or sharing a status report to get everyone on the same page. 

Analyze the results

No process is complete without evaluating the results. Once the new page has been live for some time, evaluate whether it did better than the previous page. What worked? What didn’t? This also helps you make better critical decisions later on.

Critically successful 

Critical thinking takes time to build, but with effort and patience you can apply an unbiased, analytical mind to any situation. Critical thinking makes up one of many soft skills that makes you an effective team member, manager, and worker. If you’re looking to hone your skills further, read our article on the 25 project management skills you need to succeed . 

Critical Thinking Questions

Discuss why thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that are merely atypical or unusual would not necessarily signify the presence of a psychological disorder. Provide an example.

Describe the DSM-5. What is it, what kind of information does it contain, and why is it important to the study and treatment of psychological disorders?

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and the DSM differ in various ways. What are some of the differences in these two classification systems?

Why is the perspective one uses in explaining a psychological disorder important?

Describe how cognitive theories of the etiology of anxiety disorders differ from learning theories.

Discuss the common elements of each of the three disorders covered in this section: obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder.

List some of the risk factors associated with the development of PTSD following a traumatic event.

Describe several of the factors associated with suicide.

Why is research following individuals who show prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia so important?

The prevalence of most psychological disorders has increased since the 1980s. However, as discussed in this section, scientific publications regarding dissociative amnesia peaked in the mid-1990s but then declined steeply through 2003. In addition, no fictional or nonfictional description of individuals showing dissociative amnesia following a trauma exists prior to 1800. How would you explain this phenomenon?

Imagine that a child has a genetic vulnerability to antisocial personality disorder. How might this child’s environment shape the likelihood of developing this personality disorder?

Compare the factors that are important in the development of ADHD with those that are important in the development of autism spectrum disorder.

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25 Critical Thinking Examples

critical thinking examples and definition, explained below

Critical thinking is the ability to analyze information and make reasoned decisions. It involves suspended judgment, open-mindedness, and clarity of thought.

It involves considering different viewpoints and weighing evidence carefully. It is essential for solving complex problems and making good decisions.

People who think critically are able to see the world in a more nuanced way and understand the interconnectedness of things. They are also better able to adapt to change and handle uncertainty.

In today’s fast-paced world, the ability to think critically is more important than ever and necessary for students and employees alike.

Critical Thinking Examples

1. identifying strengths and weaknesses.

Critical thinkers don’t just take things at face value. They stand back and contemplate the potential strengths and weaknesses of something and then make a decision after contemplation.

This helps you to avoid excessive bias and identify possible problems ahead of time.

For example, a boxer about to get in the ring will likely need to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of his opponent. He might learn that his opponent’s left hook is very strong, but his opponent also gets tired after the third round. With this knowledge, he can go into the bout with strong defenses in the first three rounds before going on the offense.

Here, the boxer’s critical thinking skills will help him win his match.

2. Creating a Hypothesis based on Limited Data

When scientists set out to test a new theory, they first need to develop a hypothesis. This is an educated guess about how things work, based on what is already known.

Once a hypothesis has been developed, experiments can be designed to test it.

However, sometimes scientists may find themselves working with limited data. In such cases, they may need to make some assumptions in order to form a hypothesis.

For example, if they are studying a phenomenon that occurs infrequently, they may need to extrapolate from the data they do have in order to form a hypothesis.

Here, the scientist is engaged in critical thinking: they use the limited data to come up with a tentative judgment.

3. Moderating a Debate

A debate moderator needs to have strong critical thinking skills. They need to use objective evaluations, analysis, and critique to keep the discussion on track and ensure that all sides are heard fairly.

This means being able to identify when a point has been made sufficiently, or when someone is beginning to veer off topic and being able to direct the conversation accordingly.

Similarly, they need to be able to assess each argument objectively and consider its merits, rather than getting caught up in the emotion of the debate. If someone is using an unfair point or one that is not factual, the moderator needs to be switched on and identify this.

By remaining calm and impartial, the moderator can help to ensure that a debate is productive and respectful.

4. Judging and Adjudicating

A judge or adjudicator needs to weigh the evidence and make a determination based on the facts.

This requires the adjudicator to be able to try to see both sides of an argument. They need the ability to see past personal biases and to critically evaluate the credibility of all sides.

In addition, judges and adjudicators must be able to think quickly and make sound decisions in the face of complex issues.

For example, if you were to be adjudicating the above debate, you need to hear both sides of the argument and then decide who won. It’s your job to evaluate, see strengths and weaknesses in arguments, and come to a conclusion.

5. Grading an Essay

Teachers need critical thinking skills when grading essays so that they can effectively assess the quality of the writing. By critically analyzing the essay, teachers can identify any errors or weaknesses in the argument.

Furthermore, they can also determine whether the essay meets the required standards for the assignment. Even a very well-written essay may deserve a lower grade if the essay doesn’t directly answer the essay question.

A teacher needs to be able to read an essay and understand not only what the student is trying to say, but also how well they are making their argument. Are they using evidence effectively? Are they drawing valid conclusions? A teacher needs to be able to evaluate an essay holistically in order to give a fair grade.

In order to properly evaluate an essay, teachers need to be able to think critically about the writing. Only then can they provide an accurate assessment of the work.

6. Active Reading

Active reading is a skill that requires the reader to be engaged with the text in order to fully understand it. This means not only being able to read the words on the page, but also being able to interpret the meaning behind them.

In order to do this, active readers need to have good critical thinking skills.

They need to be able to ask questions about the text and look for evidence to support their answers. Additionally, active readers need to be able to make connections between the text and their own experiences.

Active reading leads to better comprehension and retention of information.

7. Deciding Whether or Not to Believe Something

When trying to determine whether or not to believe something, you’re engaging in critical thinking.

For example, you might need to consider the source of the information. If the information comes from a reliable source, such as a reputable news organization or a trusted friend, then it is more likely to be accurate.

However, if the source is less reliable, such as an anonymous website or a person with a known bias, then the information should be viewed with more skepticism.

In addition, it is important to consider the evidence that is being presented. If the evidence is well-supported and logically presented, then it is more likely to be true. However, if the evidence is weak or relies on fallacious reasoning, then the claim is less likely to be true.

8. Determining the Best Solution to a Situation

Determining the best solution to a problem generally requires you to critique the different options. There are often many different factors to consider, and it can be difficult to know where to start.

However, there are some general guidelines that can help to make the process a little easier.

For example, if you have a few possible solutions to the problem, it is important to weigh the pros and cons of each one. Consider both the short-term and long-term effects of each option before making a decision.

Furthermore, it is important to be aware of your own biases. Be sure to consider all of the options objectively, without letting your personal preferences get in the way.

9. Giving Formative Feedback

Formative feedback is feedback that you give to someone part-way through a learning experience. To do this, you need to think critically.

For example, one thing you need to do is see where the student’s strengths and weaknesses like. Perhaps the student is doing extremely well at a task, so your feedback might be that they should try to extend themselves by adding more complexity to the task.

Or, perhaps the student is struggling, so you suggest to them that they approach the learning experience from a different angle.

10. Giving Summative Feedback

Summative feedback occurs at the end of a learning scenario. For example, the written feedback at the end of an essay or on a report card is summative.

When providing summative feedback, it is important to take a step back and consider the situation from multiple perspectives. What are areas for improvement and where exactly might the student have missed some key points? How could the student have done better?

Asking yourself these questions is all part of the process of giving feedback, and they can all be considered examples of critical thinking. You’re literally critiquing the student’s work and identifying opportunities for improvement.

11. Evaluating Evidence

When evaluating evidence, critical thinkers take a step back and look at the bigger picture. They consider all of the available information and weigh it up. They look at logical flaws, the reliability of the evidence, and its validity.

This process allows them to arrive at a conclusion that is based on sound reasoning, rather than emotion or personal bias.

For example, when a social scientist looks at the evidence from his study, he needs to evaluate whether the data was corrupted and ensure the methodology was sound in order to determine if the evidence is valuable or not.

12. Media Literacy

Media literacy seems to be in short supply these days. Too many people take information off the internet or television and just assume it is true.

A person with media literacy, however, will not just trust what they see and read. Instead, they look at the data and weigh up the evidence. They will see if there was a sound study to back up claims. They will see if there is bias in the media source and whether it’s just following an ideological line.

Furthermore, they will make sure they seek out trustworthy media sources. These are not just media sources you like or that confirm your own point of view. They need to be sources that do their own research, find solid data, and don’t pursue one blind agenda.

13. Asking your Own Questions

Asking your own questions is an important part of critical thinking. When you ask questions, you are forcing yourself to think more deeply about the information you are considering.

Asking questions also allows you to gather more information from others who may have different perspectives.

This helps you to better understand the issue and to come up with your own conclusions.

So, often at schools, we give students a list of questions to ask about something in order to dig deeper into it. For example, in a book review lesson, the teacher might give a list of questions to ask about the book’s characters and plot.

14. Conducting Rigorous Research

Research is a process of inquiry that encompasses the gathering of data, interpretation of findings, and communication of results. The researcher needs to engage in critical thinking throughout the process, but most importantly, when designing their methodology.

Research can be done through a variety of methods, such as experiments, surveys, interviews, and observations. Each method has strengths and weaknesses.

Once the data has been collected, it must be analyzed and interpreted. This is often done through statistical methods or qualitative analysis.

Research is an essential tool for discovering new knowledge and for solving problems, but researchers need to think critically about how valid and reliable their data truly is.

15. Examining your own Beliefs and Prejudices

It’s important to examine your own beliefs and prejudices in order to ensure that they are fair and accurate. People who don’t examine their own beliefs have not truly critically examined their lives.

One way to do this is to take the time to consider why you believe what you do. What experiences have you had that have led you to this belief? Are there other ways to interpret these experiences? It’s also important to be aware of the potential for confirmation bias , which is when we seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs, while ignoring information that contradicts them.

This can lead us to hold onto inaccurate or unfair beliefs even when presented with evidence to the contrary.

To avoid this, it’s important to seek out diverse perspectives, and to be open-minded when considering new information. By taking these steps, you can help ensure that your beliefs are fair and accurate.

16. Looking at a Situation from Multiple Perspectives

One of the most important critical thinking skills that you can learn in life is how to look at a situation from multiple perspectives.

Being able to see things from different angles can help you to understand complex issues, spot potential problems, and find creative solutions. It can also help you to build better relationships, as you will be able to see where others are coming from and find common ground.

There are a few simple techniques that you can use to develop this skill.

First, try to imagine how someone else would feel in the same situation.

Second, put yourself in their shoes and try to see things from their point of view.

Finally, ask yourself what other factors may be influencing their perspective. By taking the time to view things from multiple angles, you will be better prepared to deal with whatever life throws your way.

17. Considering Implications before Taking Action

When faced with a difficult decision, it is important to consider the implications of each possible action before settling on a course of action.

This is because the consequences of our actions can be far-reaching and often unforeseen.

For example, a seemingly small decision like whether to attend a party or not might have much larger implications. If we decide to go to the party, we might miss an important deadline at work.

However, if we stay home, we might miss out on an opportunity to meet new people and make valuable connections.

In either case, our choice can have a significant impact on our lives.

Fortunately, critical thinking can help people to make well-informed decisions that could have a positive impact on their lives.

For example, you might have to weight up the pros and cons of attending the party and identify potential downsides, like whether you might be in a car with an impaired driver, and whether the party is really worth losing your job.

Having weighed up the potential outcomes, you can make a more rational and informed decision.

18. Reflective Practice

Reflecting on your actions is an important part of critical thinking. When you take the time to reflect, you are able to step back and examine your choices and their consequences more objectively.

This allows you to learn from your mistakes and make better decisions in the future.

In order to reflect effectively, it is important to be honest with yourself and open to learning new things. You must also be willing to question your own beliefs and assumptions. By taking these steps, you can develop the critical thinking skills that are essential for making sound decisions next time.

This will also, fortunately, help you to constantly improve upon yourself.

19. Problem-Solving

Problem-solving requires the ability to think critically in order to accurately assess a situation and determine the best course of action.

This means being able to identify the root cause of a problem , as well as any potential obstacles that may stand in the way of a solution. It also involves breaking down a problem into smaller, more manageable pieces in order to more easily find a workable solution.

In addition, critical thinking skills also require the ability to think creatively in order to come up with original solutions to these problems.

Go Deeper: Problem-Solving Examples

20. Brainstorming New Solutions

When brainstorming new solutions , critical thinking skills are essential in order to generate fresh ideas and identify potential issues.

For example, the ability to identify the problems with the last solution you tried is important in order to come up with better solutions this time. Similarly, analytical thinking is necessary in order to evaluate the feasibility of each idea. Furthermore, it is also necessary to consider different perspectives and adapt to changing circumstances.

By utilizing all of these critical thinking skills, it will be possible to develop innovative solutions that are both practical and effective.

21. Reserving Judgment

A key part of critical thinking is reserving judgment. This means that we should not rush to conclusions, but instead take the time to consider all the evidence before making up our minds.

By reserving judgment, we can avoid making premature decisions that we might later regret. We can also avoid falling victim to confirmation bias, which is the tendency to only pay attention to information that supports our existing beliefs.

Instead, by keeping an open mind and considering all the evidence, we can make better decisions and reach more accurate conclusions.

22. Identifying Deceit

Critical thinking is an important skill to have in any situation, but it is especially important when trying to identify deceit.

There are a few key things to look for when using critical thinking to identify deceit.

First, pay attention to the person’s body language. Second, listen closely to what the person is saying and look for any inconsistencies. Finally, try to get a sense of the person’s motive – why would they want to deceive you?

Each of these questions helps you to not just take things at their face value. Instead, you’re critiquing the situation and coming to a conclusion using all of your intellect and senses, rather than just believing what you’re told.

23. Being Open-Minded to New Evidence that Contradicts your Beliefs

People with critical thinking skills are more open-minded because they are willing to consider different points of view and evidence.

They also realize that their own beliefs may be wrong and are willing to change their minds if new information is presented.

Similarly, people who are not critical thinkers tend to be close-minded because they fail to critique themselves and challenge their own mindset. This can lead to conflicts, as closed-minded people are not willing to budge on their beliefs even when presented with contradictory evidence.

Critical thinkers, on the other hand, are able to have more productive conversations as they are willing to listen to others and consider different viewpoints. Ultimately, being open-minded and willing to change one’s mind is a sign of intelligence and maturity.

24. Accounting for Bias

We all have biases, based on our individual experiences, perspectives, and beliefs. These can lead us to see the world in a certain way and to interpret information in a way that supports our existing views.

However, if we want to truly understand an issue, it is important to try to put aside our personal biases and look at the evidence objectively.

This is where critical thinking skills come in.

By using critical thinking, we can examine the evidence dispassionately and assess different arguments without letting our own prejudices get in the way. Start by looking at weaknesses and logical flaws in your own thinking.

Play the devil’s advocate.

In this way, you can start to get a more accurate picture of an issue and make more informed decisions.

25. Basing your Beliefs on Logic and Reasoning

In order to lead a successful and fulfilling life, it is important to base your beliefs on logic and reasoning.

This does not mean that you should never believe in something without evidence, but it does mean that you should be thoughtful and intentional about the things that you choose to believe.

One way to ensure that your beliefs are based on logic and reasoning is to seek out reliable sources of information. Another method is to use thought games to follow all your thoughts to their logical conclusions.

By basing your beliefs on logic and reasoning, you will be more likely to make sound decisions, and less likely to be swayed by emotions or misinformation.

Critical thinking is an important skill for anyone who wants to be successful in the modern world. It allows us to evaluate information and make reasoned decisions, rather than simply accepting things at face value. 

Thus, employers often want to employ people with strong critical thinking skills. These employees will be able to solve problems by themselves and identify ways to improve the workplace. They will be able to push back against bad decisions and use their own minds to make good decisions.

Furthermore, critical thinking skills are important for students. This is because they need to be able to evaluate information and think through problems with a critical mindset in order to learn and improve.

Chris

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

  • Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 50 Durable Goods Examples
  • Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 100 Consumer Goods Examples
  • Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 30 Globalization Pros and Cons
  • Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd/ 17 Adversity Examples (And How to Overcome Them)

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What is the Critical Thinking Test?

Critical thinking practice test, take a free practice critical thinking test, practice critical thinking test.

Updated November 16, 2023

Edward Melett

The Critical Thinking Test is a comprehensive evaluation designed to assess individuals' cognitive capacities and analytical prowess.

This formal examination, often referred to as the critical thinking assessment, is a benchmark for those aiming to demonstrate their proficiency in discernment and problem-solving.

In addition, this evaluative tool meticulously gauges a range of skills, including logical reasoning, analytical thinking, and the ability to evaluate and synthesize information.

This article will embark on an exploration of the Critical Thinking Test, elucidating its intricacies and elucidating its paramount importance. We will dissect the essential skills it measures and clarify its significance in gauging one's intellectual aptitude.

We will examine examples of critical thinking questions, illuminating the challenging scenarios that candidates encounter prompting them to navigate the complexities of thought with finesse.

Before going ahead to take the critical thinking test, let's delve into the realm of preparation. This segment serves as a crucible for honing the skills assessed in the actual examination, offering candidates a chance to refine their analytical blades before facing the real challenge. Here are some skills that will help you with the critical thinking assessment: Logical Reasoning: The practice test meticulously evaluates your ability to deduce conclusions from given information, assess the validity of arguments, and recognize patterns in logic. Analytical Thinking: Prepare to dissect complex scenarios, identify key components, and synthesize information to draw insightful conclusions—a fundamental aspect of the critical thinking assessment. Problem-Solving Proficiency: Navigate through intricate problems that mirror real-world challenges, honing your capacity to approach issues systematically and derive effective solutions. What to Expect: The Critical Thinking Practice Test is crafted to mirror the format and complexity of the actual examination. Expect a series of scenarios, each accompanied by a set of questions that demand thoughtful analysis and logical deduction. These scenarios span diverse fields, from business and science to everyday scenarios, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of your critical thinking skills. Examples of Critical Thinking Questions Scenario: In a business context, analyze the potential impacts of a proposed strategy on both short-term profitability and long-term sustainability. Question: What factors would you consider in determining the viability of the proposed strategy, and how might it affect the company's overall success? Scenario: Evaluate conflicting scientific studies on a pressing environmental issue.

Question: Identify the key methodologies and data points in each study. How would you reconcile the disparities to form an informed, unbiased conclusion?

Why Practice Matters

Engaging in the Critical Thinking Practice Test familiarizes you with the test format and cultivates a mindset geared towards agile and astute reasoning. This preparatory phase allows you to refine your cognitive toolkit, ensuring you approach the assessment with confidence and finesse.

We'll navigate through specific examples as we proceed, offering insights into effective strategies for tackling critical thinking questions. Prepare to embark on a journey of intellectual sharpening, where each practice question refines your analytical prowess for the challenges ahead.

This is a practice critical thinking test.

The test consists of three questions . 

After you have answered all the questions, you will be shown the correct answers and given full explanations.

Make sure you read and fully understand each question before answering. Work quickly, but don't rush. You cannot afford to make mistakes on a real test .

If you get a question wrong, make sure you find out why and learn how to answer this type of question in the future. 

Six friends are seated in a restaurant across a rectangular table. There are three chairs on each side. Adam and Dorky do not have anyone sitting to their right and Clyde and Benjamin do not have anyone sitting to their left. Adam and Benjamin are not sitting on the same side of the table.

If Ethan is not sitting next to Dorky, who is seated immediately to the left of Felix?

Job Test Prep

You might also be interested in these other PRT articles:

A Guide to the Watson Glaser Test: & Tips

InterviewPrep

Top 20 Critical Thinking Interview Questions & Answers

Master your responses to Critical Thinking related interview questions with our example questions and answers. Boost your chances of landing the job by learning how to effectively communicate your Critical Thinking capabilities.

examples critical thinking questions

Critical thinking is a skill highly sought after in today’s complex and fast-paced world. It’s not merely about thinking clearly or rationally; it’s about analyzing and evaluating information to guide action, making it pivotal across all professions and industries. Whether you are applying for a role that explicitly lists critical thinking as a job requirement or you’re looking to enhance your problem-solving prowess in your current position, demonstrating strong critical thinking skills can set you apart from the competition.

This article aims to illuminate the significance of critical thinking in the professional realm by delving into interview questions designed to test this indispensable skill. We’ll provide insights into what employers are looking for when they assess critical thinking abilities and offer strategies for crafting responses that showcase your analytical acumen.

Common Critical Thinking Interview Questions

1. how would you differentiate between a problem that requires critical thinking and one that does not.

Navigating ambiguous situations and analyzing information objectively are key components of effective critical thinking. This skill is crucial for solving complex problems where standard protocols may not apply, and outcomes are unpredictable. Conversely, routine problems often have established methods and clear-cut solutions that don’t demand extensive analysis or creative thought. The question aims to assess a candidate’s ability to recognize when a nuanced approach is necessary versus when efficiency can be prioritized by following standard procedures. It also evaluates a candidate’s judgment in identifying the scale and impact of a problem, which is crucial for resource management and prioritization within a role.

When responding, a candidate should outline their thought process for assessing problems, highlighting their ability to identify key factors such as the complexity of the issue, potential risks, and the level of uncertainty involved. An effective response would include examples demonstrating how they have distinguished between routine and complex problems in past experiences, along with the strategies they employed to address each effectively. This showcases their problem-solving abilities and their understanding of when to leverage critical thinking skills.

Example: “ Differentiating between a problem that requires critical thinking and one that does not hinges on the analysis of several dimensions of the problem at hand. For instance, a problem that is routine, well-defined, and has a clear set of procedures or historical precedents for its resolution typically may not necessitate critical thinking. In contrast, a problem that is complex, ambiguous, involves multiple stakeholders with conflicting interests, or has significant consequences depending on the outcome, demands a critical thinking approach.

In practice, I assess the need for critical thinking by evaluating the problem’s novelty, the scope of impact, the level of uncertainty, and the interdependencies among variables. For example, when faced with a new market trend that could potentially disrupt our business model, I recognized this as a critical thinking scenario due to its complexity and high stakes. I systematically gathered and analyzed data, questioned assumptions, and explored alternative solutions. This involved not just an analytical breakdown of the problem but also creative synthesis to develop innovative strategies, demonstrating the application of critical thinking to navigate through the intricacies of the issue effectively.”

2. Describe an instance when your initial hypothesis about a complex issue was incorrect.

When it comes to critical thinking, the ability to form hypotheses and adjust them when presented with new information or evidence is fundamental. This question delves into a candidate’s flexibility of thought, their willingness to admit and learn from mistakes, and their capacity to approach problems from multiple angles. A well-rounded candidate will not only recognize when they are wrong but will also see it as an opportunity for growth rather than a setback. It’s a test of humility and intellectual integrity, key traits for roles demanding analytical prowess and decision-making.

In your response, recount a specific situation where you had to pivot from your original assumption. Briefly outline the context and the stakes involved. Then, focus on the process you underwent to re-evaluate the situation: the additional information you considered, the way you integrated new data, and how you ultimately arrived at a different conclusion. Emphasize your thought process and the lessons learned, ensuring you highlight your adaptability and continuous improvement mindset.

Example: “ In analyzing a complex issue within a project, my initial hypothesis was that the bottleneck was caused by an inefficiency in the operational workflow. Upon deeper analysis, however, I discovered that the issue was not the workflow itself but rather a mismatch in team skill sets and resource allocation. By incorporating data analytics and soliciting cross-departmental feedback, I realized that the workflow was designed optimally but was being executed by team members who were not best suited for their roles.

To address this, I facilitated a realignment of tasks to match individual strengths and brought in additional training for areas where the team was lacking expertise. This pivot not only resolved the bottleneck but also improved overall team performance and morale. The experience underscored the importance of a data-driven approach and the value of looking beyond surface-level symptoms to underlying causes. It also reinforced the necessity of maintaining a flexible mindset and being willing to challenge my own assumptions in the face of new evidence.”

3. What strategies do you employ to identify biases in your decision-making process?

Awareness of personal biases is a critical component of effective critical thinking. Recognizing and mitigating these biases ensures that decisions are based on objective analysis rather than subjective preference. This question aims to assess whether a candidate is self-aware and actively engaged in personal development, as well as their ability to maintain objectivity in professional scenarios. It also speaks to a candidate’s commitment to fairness and their potential for leadership, where unbiased decision-making is essential for team cohesion and trust.

When responding, candidates should articulate the specific techniques they use to keep their biases in check. This might include seeking diverse perspectives, consulting with colleagues, relying on data and evidence, or engaging in reflective practices such as journaling or meditation. Candidates should provide concrete examples of when they’ve identified a bias in their thinking and how they adjusted their approach to ensure a more balanced outcome. Demonstrating a proactive approach to personal growth and a dedication to fair decision-making will signal to interviewers a candidate’s suitability for roles requiring sound judgment.

Example: “ To identify biases in my decision-making process, I employ a combination of reflective practices and evidence-based evaluation. I actively engage in self-reflection to question my initial assumptions and consider the origins of my perspectives. This often involves journaling, which helps to externalize and critically assess my thought patterns. Additionally, I prioritize the collection and analysis of data to inform my decisions, ensuring that they are rooted in objective evidence rather than subjective intuition.

When I detect a potential bias, I seek out diverse viewpoints to challenge my preconceptions. This involves consulting with colleagues who may have different experiences or expertise, which provides a broader perspective and mitigates the risk of echo chambers. In a recent project, I recognized a confirmation bias in my analysis, where I was favoring information that supported my initial hypothesis. By acknowledging this, I revisited the data and actively searched for disconfirming evidence, which led to a more nuanced understanding and ultimately a more robust decision-making process. This approach not only enhances the quality of my decisions but also fosters a culture of critical thinking and continuous improvement.”

4. In what ways have you used critical thinking to improve a process at your previous job?

Dissecting a process, analyzing its components with a sharp eye, and envisioning a more efficient or effective method are all aspects of critical thinking that drive process improvement and innovation. This ability to objectively evaluate and enhance systems is not just about fixing what’s broken, but also about preempting potential issues and maximizing productivity. By asking this question, interviewers are looking for evidence of a candidate’s analytical skills and their initiative to bring about positive change within an organization.

When responding to this question, provide a concrete example of a time you identified a problem or area for improvement. Break down the steps you took to analyze the situation, emphasizing how you gathered data, considered various solutions, and weighed the pros and cons. Then, explain the action you took, the implementation of the new process, and most importantly, the outcome. Illustrate how your critical thinking led to tangible benefits for the company, such as time savings, cost reductions, increased revenue, or improved employee satisfaction.

Example: “ In a previous role, I identified a bottleneck in our project reporting process, which was causing delays in decision-making. I initiated a thorough analysis of the existing workflow and discovered that the report consolidation was the primary issue, as it relied on manual data entry from multiple departments. To tackle this, I conducted a root cause analysis to understand the underlying issues and engaged with stakeholders to gather insights and validate findings.

Armed with this information, I proposed and implemented an automated data aggregation tool that interfaced with our existing systems. This solution not only streamlined the data collection process but also reduced the potential for human error. By critically evaluating the process and considering the technological resources available, I was able to re-engineer the workflow, resulting in a 30% reduction in the time taken to generate reports. This improvement led to faster strategic decisions and a significant increase in overall team productivity.”

5. Can you provide an example of how you’ve dissected a multifaceted argument to assess its validity?

Breaking down complex issues into their component parts to understand the underlying logic and reasoning is a hallmark of effective critical thinking. This skill is particularly valuable as it allows for a nuanced approach to problem-solving, where the thinker can identify biases, logical fallacies, and the strength of the evidence presented. Employers seek individuals who can navigate through layers of information, differentiate between correlation and causation, and make informed decisions based on a sound analysis of available data. This question aims to reveal whether the candidate has a systematic approach to addressing intricate arguments and can remain objective while evaluating differing viewpoints.

When responding to this question, begin by outlining a specific scenario where you were faced with a challenging argument or problem. Walk the interviewer through your process step-by-step, explaining how you identified key issues, researched relevant information, and applied logical reasoning to each part. Highlight how you remained impartial, even if the argument related to a topic you felt strongly about, and conclude by sharing the outcome of your analysis. This approach not only demonstrates your critical thinking abilities but also shows that you can communicate complex ideas clearly and effectively.

Example: “ In one instance, I was presented with an argument that a particular business strategy would significantly increase market share. The argument was supported by a variety of data points and expert opinions. To assess its validity, I first deconstructed the argument into its core components: the underlying assumptions, the evidence provided, and the logical connections between the two.

I then conducted an independent evaluation of the evidence, scrutinizing the methodology behind the data collection and the credibility of the sources. Simultaneously, I challenged the assumptions by considering alternative scenarios and seeking out information that could either confirm or refute them. Throughout this process, I maintained an objective stance, ensuring that my personal biases did not color the analysis.

The outcome of this rigorous examination was a nuanced understanding of the strategy’s potential. I concluded that while the strategy had merit, it also carried risks that were not initially apparent. This comprehensive analysis allowed for a more informed decision-making process that considered both the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed strategy.”

6. Outline the steps you take when confronted with conflicting data points.

When presented with conflicting data, the ability to discern, analyze, and integrate information is paramount. This question not only assesses a candidate’s analytical skills but also evaluates their approach to uncertainty and complexity. It inspects the candidate’s methodology for handling information that doesn’t readily align, testing their intellectual rigor and commitment to evidence-based decision-making.

To respond, outline a systematic approach: begin by verifying the sources of the data for credibility. Next, cross-examine the information for errors or biases. If the data remains conflicting, consider alternative perspectives or additional research to provide context. Explain how you would weigh the evidence, perhaps employing specific analytical tools or consulting with knowledgeable colleagues. Conclude by describing how you would form a reasoned conclusion or make a recommendation, emphasizing your flexibility and openness to changing your stance as new information arises.

Example: “ When confronted with conflicting data points, my initial step is to authenticate the sources, ensuring their reliability and validity. I scrutinize the methodologies used to gather the data, looking for potential errors or methodological inconsistencies that could explain the discrepancies. If the sources and methods are sound, I proceed to examine the data for any inherent biases or contextual factors that might influence the results.

Following this critical evaluation, I explore additional research or data that could provide further insight, often utilizing statistical analysis or predictive modeling to discern patterns or anomalies. This process may also involve seeking expertise from colleagues who can offer alternative perspectives or specialized knowledge. Throughout this investigative phase, I maintain a balanced approach, considering all evidence on its merit.

Ultimately, I synthesize the findings, weighing the evidence carefully. My recommendation or conclusion is based on the most comprehensive and robust understanding of the data, with an acknowledgment of any remaining uncertainties. I remain adaptable, ready to adjust my position in light of new evidence or insights that may emerge.”

7. When evaluating evidence, how do you determine its relevance and reliability?

Analyzing information and making informed decisions hinge on determining the relevance and reliability of evidence. The question delves into the candidate’s thought process and methodology for discerning the quality and applicability of information. It also reveals their capacity for skepticism and due diligence, as well as their understanding of the sources and contexts that may affect the integrity of evidence. Employers ask this to ensure the potential employee can effectively sift through data, recognize biases, and draw conclusions that are not only logical but also empirically sound.

When responding to this question, a candidate should outline a systematic approach, starting with the assessment of the source’s credibility, including its origin, authorship, and purpose. They should then discuss the process of cross-referencing the information with other reliable sources and the importance of considering the context in which the evidence was produced. Demonstrating an awareness of one’s own cognitive biases and the potential for these to influence decision-making is also valuable. Lastly, articulating a clear, practical example of how they have applied these principles in a previous situation can help to solidify their response.

Example: “ In evaluating evidence, the first step is to scrutinize the source’s credibility. This includes examining the author’s qualifications, the publication’s reputation, and the methodology used to gather the information. I then assess the purpose of the evidence, looking for any signs of bias or intent to persuade rather than inform. To establish reliability, I cross-reference the evidence with other sources, ensuring they are independent and authoritative. This triangulation helps to confirm the consistency and validity of the information.

Context is paramount; understanding the circumstances under which the evidence was produced allows for a more nuanced interpretation. For instance, in a previous situation where I had to evaluate data from a study, I considered the sample size, the controls in place, and the study’s funding sources. Moreover, I remain vigilant about my cognitive biases, actively seeking disconfirming evidence to challenge my initial conclusions. This disciplined approach ensures that my decisions are based on robust and objective assessments of the evidence at hand.”

8. Share an experience where you had to make a decision without all the desired information.

Acting with confidence even when not all the facts are present is a common requirement in fast-paced environments where waiting for perfect information could lead to missed opportunities or compounded issues. The question aims to assess a candidate’s risk assessment capabilities, their comfort with ambiguity, and their problem-solving skills. It evaluates whether the candidate can pull from their knowledge, past experiences, and available resources to make an informed decision that could potentially affect the outcome of a project or the direction of a company.

When responding to this question, candidates should focus on a specific example that showcases their thought process during an uncertain situation. They should detail the steps they took to gather as much information as possible, weigh the potential risks and benefits, consider the impact of their decision, and explain how they arrived at their conclusion. It’s also beneficial to reflect on the outcome of the decision and what they learned from the experience, demonstrating an ability to learn and adapt from less-than-ideal situations.

Example: “ In a project where time-sensitive decisions were crucial, I encountered a situation where critical data was incomplete due to unforeseen circumstances. Understanding the urgency, I initiated a rapid but thorough risk assessment to evaluate potential impacts of various decision scenarios. I leveraged historical data, parallel case studies, and consulted with subject matter experts to fill in informational gaps to the greatest extent possible.

After synthesizing this information, I employed a decision matrix to prioritize options based on the project’s strategic objectives and stakeholder interests. I chose a course of action that balanced risk with potential reward, ensuring that the most critical project deliverables remained on track. The decision was successful, resulting in minimal disruption to the project timeline and budget. This experience reinforced the importance of a structured approach to decision-making under uncertainty and the value of drawing on diverse information sources to inform such decisions.”

9. Detail a situation in which your critical analysis led to a significant change in strategy or direction.

Strategic planning and problem-solving are areas where critical thinking is indispensable. When interviewers pose this question, they’re looking for evidence of your ability to dissect complex issues, consider diverse perspectives, and foresee potential outcomes. The ability to pivot and adapt strategies based on new information reflects an agile mindset, which is highly valued in dynamic business environments. It reveals your capacity to influence meaningful change and demonstrates foresight, adaptability, and the courage to challenge the status quo when necessary.

When responding, outline a specific scenario succinctly, emphasizing the complexity of the situation and the critical thinking processes you employed. Discuss the rationale behind your analysis, the different options you considered, and why you advocated for a particular change in strategy or direction. Highlight the impact of your decision—how it benefited the organization, improved efficiency, increased revenue, or mitigated risks. Your response should convey confidence in your judgment, an analytical approach to problem-solving, and a proactive stance in driving innovation or improvement.

Example: “ In a project where the initial strategy was to expand market share through aggressive pricing, I conducted a critical analysis of market trends, consumer behavior, and competitive responses. My analysis revealed that such a pricing strategy would trigger a price war with competitors that our company was not financially positioned to sustain. Instead, I proposed a value-added approach, focusing on differentiating our products through enhanced features and customer service rather than competing solely on price.

I presented a comprehensive business case to the leadership team, outlining the potential long-term consequences of the original strategy, including market erosion and reduced profitability. I contrasted this with the projected outcomes of the value-added strategy, which included increased customer loyalty, brand strength, and sustainable profit margins. The leadership adopted my recommendation, leading to a 15% increase in customer retention and a 10% rise in profit margins within the following fiscal year, validating the shift in strategy and demonstrating the importance of thorough critical analysis in strategic decision-making.”

10. How do you handle situations where team members resist your critical evaluations?

Providing feedback that may not be readily accepted, especially when it challenges established ideas or practices within a team, involves effective critical thinking. The ability to navigate resistance is a testament to one’s diplomatic skills and emotional intelligence. It reflects an understanding that critique is not a personal attack but a necessary part of growth and innovation. Employers value candidates who can diplomatically deliver critical evaluations and facilitate a constructive dialogue that leads to improved performance and collaboration, rather than discord and division.

When responding to this question, it’s important to emphasize your approach to communication and conflict resolution. Detail specific strategies you employ to ensure that your evaluations are objective, evidence-based, and presented in a way that underscores their intention to improve the team’s output. Highlight your ability to listen to and address concerns, foster an open environment for discussion, and ultimately guide the team towards a consensus or compromise that upholds the project’s best interests.

Example: “ In situations where team members resist critical evaluations, my approach is to first ensure that the feedback is grounded in objective data and aligns with predefined goals or standards. I present my evaluations with clarity, focusing on the issue at hand rather than personal attributes, to minimize defensiveness. When resistance occurs, I actively listen to the team members’ perspectives, acknowledging their viewpoints and concerns. This demonstrates respect for their expertise and fosters an environment of mutual trust.

I then facilitate a constructive dialogue, guiding the team towards understanding the evaluation’s rationale and the potential benefits of addressing the identified issues. By encouraging an open exchange of ideas, I often find that resistance gives way to collaborative problem-solving. If a consensus is not immediately reached, I propose incremental steps to test the recommended changes, allowing the team to see empirical results. This method not only validates the evaluation’s findings but also empowers the team to be part of the solution, ensuring that the critical evaluation serves as a catalyst for positive change rather than a point of contention.”

11. What is your approach to prioritizing issues requiring immediate critical thought over routine tasks?

Distinguishing between tasks that need immediate attention and those that follow a routine is often a critical component of professional critical thinking. Employers are looking for candidates who can swiftly analyze situations, recognize the urgency and potential impact of each task, and act accordingly to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. The ability to prioritize reflects a person’s judgment, time management skills, and ultimately their capability to contribute to the organization’s success without becoming overwhelmed or sacrificing quality.

When responding to this question, you should demonstrate your decision-making process by providing a clear and structured approach. Outline how you assess the importance of tasks, perhaps by considering factors such as deadlines, potential outcomes, and resources required. You could also mention any tools or techniques you use to stay organized, such as to-do lists or project management software. Giving concrete examples from past experiences where you successfully prioritized critical issues will illustrate your methodology in action and reassure the interviewer of your proficiency in this area.

Example: “ When faced with multiple tasks, my approach to prioritization begins with a swift evaluation of each issue’s potential impact and urgency. I consider the consequences of delayed action, weighing the risks against the benefits of immediate attention. Critical issues that could escalate into larger problems or have a significant negative impact on the project or organization take precedence. For instance, if a critical issue has the potential to disrupt service delivery or cause financial loss, it becomes the top priority.

I utilize a combination of Eisenhower’s Matrix for categorizing tasks by urgency and importance, and project management tools for tracking progress and deadlines. This method allows me to maintain a clear overview of the landscape of responsibilities and make informed decisions quickly. In practice, this approach has enabled me to effectively intervene in situations that required immediate critical thought, such as resolving a bottleneck in a project that threatened to derail the timeline, while ensuring that routine tasks are rescheduled appropriately and do not fall by the wayside.”

12. Could you give an example of a time when you had to challenge conventional wisdom using critical thinking?

The ability to step outside the norm, question the status quo, and innovate is a key aspect of critical thinking. This question aims to unearth a candidate’s ability to recognize when a widely accepted approach is flawed or inadequate and their courage and skill in devising and implementing a more effective alternative. It reveals their capability to not only recognize when a widely accepted approach is flawed or inadequate but also their courage and skill in devising and implementing a more effective alternative.

To respond effectively, choose a specific instance where you identified a problem that others had accepted as unsolvable or ignored due to traditional thinking. Explain your thought process in evaluating the situation, how you identified a novel approach, and the steps you took to challenge the prevailing wisdom. Highlight the outcome, what you learned, and how it demonstrates your critical thinking prowess. Be sure to convey confidence in your decision-making process while also acknowledging the risk and resistance that often accompanies going against the grain.

Example: “ In a project where the prevailing approach was to incrementally improve an existing product, I noticed that our incremental changes were no longer yielding significant benefits to the customer. Conventional wisdom suggested we continue with minor improvements, but my analysis of customer feedback and market trends indicated a plateau in satisfaction and a shift in consumer needs.

Using critical thinking, I dissected the core functions of our product, reevaluated our assumptions, and proposed a radical redesign that aligned more closely with emerging user preferences. I presented a data-driven case to stakeholders, illustrating the long-term benefits and potential market capture that a bold move could offer. Despite initial resistance, the evidence was compelling, and we pivoted to the new strategy.

The redesigned product not only reinvigorated the brand but also captured a new customer segment, leading to a substantial increase in market share. This experience underscored the importance of questioning the status quo and reinforced my belief in the power of critical thinking to drive innovation and strategic redirection.”

13. How do you maintain objectivity when critically assessing emotionally charged issues?

Detaching oneself from personal biases and emotional influences to arrive at logical, fair conclusions is a demand of critical thinking, especially in emotionally charged situations. Employers ask this question to discern whether a candidate possesses the self-awareness and strategies necessary to navigate emotionally-laden terrain without compromising their decision-making process. It’s a subtle test of a candidate’s professionalism and their capacity to handle workplace conflicts or sensitive projects with a level head.

When responding, illustrate with examples where you’ve successfully maintained impartiality during heated discussions or decisions. Emphasize techniques you use, such as stepping back to analyze the facts, seeking diverse perspectives, or employing established frameworks to guide your thought process. Your answer should reassure the interviewer that you can uphold the integrity of your role, even when emotions run high.

Example: “ Maintaining objectivity in emotionally charged situations hinges on a disciplined adherence to evidence and a structured analytical framework. For instance, during a contentious project debate, I anchor my assessment in data-driven criteria, ensuring that decisions are rooted in quantifiable metrics rather than subjective sentiments. This approach not only clarifies the decision-making process but also provides a common language for all stakeholders, facilitating a more rational discourse.

Additionally, I actively seek out diverse perspectives to challenge my own biases and broaden my understanding of the issue at hand. By engaging with viewpoints that differ from my own, I can construct a more comprehensive analysis that transcends personal emotions. This method was particularly effective when navigating a high-stakes negotiation, where synthesizing the various interests led to a consensus that balanced emotional concerns with strategic objectives. Employing these techniques consistently has proven to be instrumental in upholding impartiality and ensuring that critical thinking prevails in emotionally intense scenarios.”

14. What techniques do you use to foster critical thinking skills within a team environment?

Cultivating an environment where team members are encouraged to think deeply and challenge assumptions is a reflection of critical thinking in a team setting. When interviewers pose this question, they are looking for insight into how you foster intellectual growth and collaborative problem-solving. It reveals your leadership style and your ability to facilitate intellectual growth and collaborative problem-solving. The question also serves to understand if you can balance the need for diverse perspectives while steering the team towards cohesive, well-reasoned outcomes.

When responding, you should outline specific strategies you’ve employed to encourage critical thinking. This could include fostering open discussions, posing challenging problems for the team to solve, encouraging team members to question the status quo, and facilitating debates. Highlight examples from your experience where these techniques have led to innovative solutions or improved decision-making. Mention how you ensure all voices are heard and how you guide discussions to remain constructive and focused on the end goal.

Example: “ To cultivate critical thinking within a team, I implement a structured approach to problem-solving that encourages divergent thinking followed by convergent analysis. Initially, I facilitate brainstorming sessions that promote the free flow of ideas without immediate judgment, allowing team members to explore various perspectives and challenge preconceived notions. This openness fosters an environment where creativity is valued, and unconventional ideas can surface.

Once a broad range of ideas is on the table, I guide the team through a critical evaluation process. This involves systematically assessing the feasibility, potential impact, and risks associated with each idea. I encourage team members to ask probing questions and consider the implications of each approach. By employing techniques such as the Six Thinking Hats or SWOT analysis, I ensure that the team examines issues from multiple angles, leading to more robust and well-rounded solutions. Moreover, I make a conscious effort to create an inclusive atmosphere where every member feels empowered to contribute, ensuring a diversity of thought and preventing groupthink. Through these methods, we’ve consistently achieved innovative outcomes and enhanced our collective decision-making capabilities.”

15. Illustrate how you balance quick decision-making with thorough critical analysis under pressure.

Thinking on one’s feet while ensuring that decisions are well-considered and not rash is a crucial aspect of critical thinking, especially in roles where the stakes are high and the cost of a mistake is significant. Employers ask this question to assess a candidate’s ability to think on their feet while also ensuring that their decisions are well-considered and not rash. It’s crucial in roles where the stakes are high and the cost of a mistake is significant. The interviewer is looking for a glimpse into your decision-making process, particularly how you weigh the urgency of a situation against the need for comprehensive analysis.

To respond, describe a scenario where you were faced with a time-sensitive decision. Walk through your thought process, highlighting how you identified the key issues, evaluated the information at hand, and prioritized actions while maintaining a commitment to making a sound, well-reasoned choice. Focus on demonstrating your ability to discern which decisions require immediate action and which can benefit from more extensive analysis. It’s important to convey that you can strike a balance between speed and precision, leveraging your critical thinking skills to deliver optimal outcomes efficiently.

Example: “ In a situation where rapid decision-making was crucial, I employed a tiered approach to critical analysis. Initially, I identified the core issue that demanded immediate attention, separating it from less urgent factors. I then quickly gathered the most relevant data, applying heuristic techniques to assess the situation’s urgency and potential impact. This allowed me to prioritize actions that would mitigate immediate risks or capitalize on fleeting opportunities.

Simultaneously, I maintained an awareness of the broader context, ensuring that my swift decisions aligned with long-term objectives and values. By leveraging a combination of deductive reasoning to address the immediate issue and inductive reasoning to consider the potential implications, I was able to make a well-reasoned decision that was both timely and thoughtful. This method has consistently proven effective in balancing the need for expediency with the commitment to thorough analysis, ensuring that the decisions I make under pressure are both strategic and sound.”

16. Have you ever encountered a groupthink scenario and how did you apply critical thinking to address it?

Recognizing the signs of groupthink—such as a homogenization of ideas, pressure to conform, and an illusion of unanimity—and challenging the status quo to ensure diverse perspectives are considered is important for preventing suboptimal outcomes. Employers value candidates who can maintain objectivity, apply analytical skills to evaluate different opinions, and foster a culture of open dialogue, even when it’s uncomfortable or goes against the grain. This question assesses a candidate’s ability to maintain objectivity, apply analytical skills to evaluate different opinions, and foster a culture of open dialogue, even when it’s uncomfortable or goes against the grain.

When responding, it’s important to provide a specific example that illustrates your awareness of a groupthink situation. Detail how you identified the issue, the steps you took to encourage alternative viewpoints, and the outcome of your intervention. Emphasize your communication skills, your respect for diverse opinions, and your commitment to making decisions based on evidence and sound reasoning. It’s also beneficial to reflect on what you learned from the experience and how it has influenced your approach to teamwork and problem-solving in subsequent situations.

Example: “ Yes, I encountered a groupthink scenario during a project where the team was prematurely converging on a solution without thoroughly vetting alternatives. Recognizing the signs of groupthink, such as the lack of debate and the quick dismissal of outside opinions, I intervened by orchestrating a structured brainstorming session. I introduced a “devil’s advocate” approach, assigning team members to purposely challenge the prevailing assumptions and propose contrarian viewpoints.

This strategy fostered a more open dialogue and encouraged critical evaluation of the proposed solution. By systematically dissecting each argument and examining the evidence, the team was able to identify potential flaws and biases in our initial approach. The outcome was a more robust and innovative solution that had the benefit of diverse perspectives. The experience reinforced the importance of vigilance against groupthink and has since shaped my commitment to fostering an environment where critical thinking and dissenting opinions are valued in the decision-making process.”

17. Describe a complex project where your critical thinking uncovered an overlooked solution.

Evaluating sources, such as data, facts, observable phenomena, and research findings, is part of the critical thinking process. In the context of a job interview, this question serves to evaluate not only a candidate’s problem-solving capabilities but also their initiative and innovation. It reveals how a candidate approaches a problem, breaks it down into components, and systematically tackles it. It’s about assessing the candidate’s ability to not just think, but to think outside the box and recognize patterns that are not immediately obvious, which can lead to innovative solutions that others might miss.

When responding to this question, you should outline the context of the project briefly, highlighting its complexity. Proceed to explain the thought process you employed, detailing how you identified the problem, the various solutions you considered, and why they were dismissed or pursued. Emphasize the critical thinking techniques you used, such as questioning assumptions, analyzing potential outcomes, and synthesizing information from various sources. Conclude with the impact of your solution, such as cost savings, time efficiency, or improved outcomes. Demonstrating a structured approach to problem-solving will show employers that you possess the analytical skills necessary to tackle complex projects effectively.

Example: “ In a recent complex project, the primary challenge was optimizing the resource allocation process to reduce waste and increase efficiency. The existing system was sophisticated but had a persistent issue with over-provisioning, leading to significant financial drain. Upon a deep dive into the data and processes, I employed root cause analysis and discovered that the algorithm driving the allocation was based on outdated assumptions about usage patterns.

By questioning these assumptions and conducting a series of predictive analyses, I proposed a dynamic allocation model that adjusted resources in real-time based on current demand rather than historical trends. I also integrated a feedback loop that allowed the system to learn and adapt over time. This solution required a nuanced understanding of both the technical aspects and the behavioral patterns of system users. The implementation of this model led to a 20% reduction in resource waste within the first quarter, validating the effectiveness of the critical thinking process in uncovering this overlooked solution.”

18. What methods do you utilize to ensure your conclusions are sound when dealing with abstract concepts?

Dissecting and navigating theoretical or complex ideas ensures that a candidate’s thought process is logical, thorough, and evidence-based. The question seeks to explore a candidate’s ability to handle abstract concepts that are not easily quantifiable or observable. It is a test of not just intelligence but of a systematic and disciplined approach to problem-solving that can greatly affect the outcomes of projects and tasks. The interviewer is looking for a glimpse into the candidate’s intellectual rigor and how they handle ambiguity and uncertainty.

When responding, it is vital to discuss a structured approach to critical thinking. One could highlight the importance of questioning assumptions, seeking out a variety of sources for information, and applying logical reasoning. Emphasize the use of specific strategies such as breaking down complex problems into smaller, more manageable parts, employing analogies to better understand unfamiliar concepts, or using decision-making frameworks like the Cynefin framework to categorize problems and respond appropriately. Sharing examples from past experiences where these methods were applied to reach a well-reasoned conclusion can illustrate your proficiency in critical thinking.

Example: “ To ensure my conclusions are sound when dealing with abstract concepts, I systematically employ a combination of deductive and inductive reasoning, while rigorously questioning underlying assumptions. I begin by dissecting the abstract concept into its fundamental elements, which allows me to analyze the problem more effectively. This process of decomposition helps to identify any logical inconsistencies and to understand the relationships between the various components of the concept.

I also draw upon diverse informational sources to inform my understanding, ensuring that my perspective is not limited by a single viewpoint. By integrating these perspectives, I can construct a more comprehensive understanding of the abstract concept. Additionally, I use analogies to create parallels with more familiar concepts, which aids in grasping the essence of the abstract idea and in communicating my reasoning to others. When synthesizing my conclusion, I apply decision-making frameworks like the Cynefin framework, which assists in categorizing the problem and determining the most suitable approach for resolution. This structured methodology ensures that my conclusions are not only logical but also pragmatic, taking into account the complexity and context of the situation at hand.”

19. How do you integrate critical thinking into your everyday work routines?

Anticipating challenges and mitigating them before they impact the workflow is a key aspect of critical thinking. Employers want to know that a candidate can not only solve problems when they arise but also anticipate challenges and mitigate them before they impact the workflow. They are looking for evidence of a proactive mindset that employs logic, creativity, and strategic planning as part of the daily work routine rather than reactive thinking that only addresses issues as they come up.

When responding, candidates should describe specific strategies they use to apply critical thinking in their work. This might involve breaking down complex projects into manageable parts, asking probing questions to fully understand a situation, employing data-driven decision-making, or conducting regular reviews of processes to identify potential improvements. Sharing concrete examples of past situations where critical thinking led to successful outcomes can also demonstrate the candidate’s ability to effectively integrate this skill into their work habits.

Example: “ In my daily work, I routinely employ a methodical approach to problem-solving that hinges on breaking down complex issues into their fundamental components. This dissection allows for a clearer understanding of the underlying factors and variables at play. By doing so, I can systematically evaluate each element, considering both short-term and long-term implications, which is critical for informed decision-making.

I also maintain a disciplined practice of asking probing questions, not only to clarify the specifics of a challenge but also to uncover any hidden assumptions or biases that might skew my analysis. This practice is complemented by a commitment to data-driven decisions, ensuring that my conclusions are grounded in empirical evidence rather than conjecture. To ensure continuous improvement, I conduct regular process reviews, identifying areas for refinement or innovation, thereby fostering a dynamic and responsive work environment that leverages critical thinking to overcome obstacles and enhance productivity.”

20. Reflect on a time when your critical thinking abilities significantly impacted the outcome of a project.

Determining if a candidate can discern complex situations and act in a manner that leads to effective and innovative solutions is a crucial part of the interview process. Employers ask this question to determine if a candidate can not only discern complex situations but also act in a manner that leads to effective and innovative solutions. They are looking for evidence of a methodical approach to tackling challenges and the ability to anticipate potential pitfalls. This question also serves to highlight the candidate’s capacity for reflection and learning from past experiences, which is essential for continuous improvement and adaptability in a dynamic work environment.

When responding to this question, it’s crucial to outline a specific situation that showcases your critical thinking process. Begin by setting the scene and describing the challenge or project at hand. Then, explain the steps you took to analyze the situation, including any data gathering, research, or consultation with experts. Highlight how you weighed different options, considered the consequences, and came to a reasoned decision. Conclude with the outcome, focusing on the positive impact of your critical thinking skills on the project’s success, and if applicable, what you learned from the experience that has influenced your approach to future challenges.

Example: “ In a recent project, we faced a critical decision point when unexpected data discrepancies threatened to derail our progress. The initial analysis suggested a significant flaw in our methodology, which could have led to a complete overhaul of the project. Instead of hastily jumping to conclusions, I initiated a systematic review of our data collection and analysis processes. By breaking down each step, I identified a subtle but consistent error in the way certain data points were being recorded, which skewed our results.

After pinpointing the issue, I proposed a recalibration of our data input protocols and a reanalysis of our dataset. This approach required additional time and resources, but it was a more measured response than starting from scratch. The recalibration not only corrected the discrepancies but also improved the overall robustness of our data. As a result, we not only met our project milestones but also enhanced the credibility of our findings. This experience reinforced the value of methodical problem-solving and has honed my ability to navigate complex challenges by focusing on evidence and systematic evaluation.”

Top 20 Restaurant Management Interview Questions & Answers

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Critical Thinking Test: Sample Questions with Explanations (2024)

Employers value and seek candidates who demonstrate advanced critical thinking skills. They often administer critical thinking tests as part of their hiring process. Critical thinking tests can be very difficult for those who don’t prepare. A great way to start practicing is by taking our critical thinking free practice test.

What Does The Critical Thinking Test Include?

The Critical Thinking Test assesses your capacity to think critically and form logical conclusions when given written information. Critical thinking tests are generally used in job recruitment processes, in the legal sector. These tests measure the analytical critical thinking abilities of a candidate.

Why Is Critical Thinking Useful?

Critical thinking is put into action in various stages of decision-making and problem-solving tasks:

  • Identify the problem
  • Choose suitable information to find the solution
  • Identify the assumptions that are implied and written in the text
  • Form hypotheses and choose the most suitable and credible answers
  • Form well-founded conclusions and determine the soundness of inferences

What is Watson Glaser Test and what Critical Thinking Skills it Measures?

The most common type of critical thinking test is the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (W-GCTA). Typically used by legal and financial organizations, as well as management businesses, a Watson Glaser test is created to assess candidates’ critical thinking skills.

The test consists of 10 questions to be answered in 10 minutes approx (although there is no timer on the test itself). Our test is slightly harder than the real thing, to make it sufficiently challenging practice.

You need to get 70% correct to pass the test. Don’t forget to first check out the test techniques section further down this page beforehand.

Questions          25

Pass percentage          70%.

The test is broken down into five central areas:

  • Assumptions
  • Interpretation

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The Five Critical Thinking Skills Explained

1. recognition of assumption.

You’ll be presented with a statement. The statement is then followed by several proposed assumptions. When answering, you must work out if an assumption was made or if an assumption was not made in the statement. An assumption is a proclamation that an individual takes for granted. This section of the tests measures your ability to withhold from forming assumptions about things that are not necessarily correct.

  • 1: Assumption Made
  • 2: Assumption Not Made

Although the passage does state that Charlie’s fundraising team is doing its best so that the charity event can meet its goal, nowhere did it state that their team is leading the event.

2. Evaluation of Arguments

You will be presented with an argument. You will then be asked to decide whether the argument is strong or weak. An argument is considered strong if it directly connects to the statement provided, and is believed to be significant.

No, participation awards should not be given in every competition because studies have shown that this would cause the participants to put in less effort because they will get a prize no matter what the outcome is.

  • 1: Strong Argument
  • 2: Weak Argument

This is a strong argument as it provides evidence as to why participation awards should not be given in every competition

3. Deductions

In deduction questions, you will need to form conclusions based solely on the information provided in the question and not based on your knowledge. You will be given a small passage of information and you will need to evaluate a list of deductions made based on that passage. If the conclusion cannot be formed for the information provided, then the conclusion does not follow. The answer must be entirely founded on the statements made and not on conclusions drawn from your knowledge.

In a surprise party for Donna, Edna arrived after Felix and Gary did. Kelly arrived before Felix and Gary did.

  • 1: Conclusion Follows
  • 2: Conclusion Does not Follow

For questions like this, jot down the clues to help you out. Use initials as a quick reference.

K | F&G | E

Looking at the simple diagram, “K”, which stands for “Kelly,” arrived before Edna “E” did. The answer is A.

4. Interpretation

In these questions, you are given a passage of information followed by a list of possible conclusions. You will need to interpret the information in the paragraph and determine whether or not each conclusion follows, based solely on the information given.

A number of students were given the following advice:

“The use of powerful words is a technique, which makes you a better writer. Your choice of words is very important in molding the way people interaction with the article. You should use powerful words to spice up your article. Power words should be used liberally to enhance the flavor of what you write! ”

In the fourth sentence, it is stated, “Power words should be used liberally to enhance the flavor of what you write!”

Thus, if you were to write an essay, using powerful words can give more flavor to it.

5. Inferences

An inference is a conclusion made from observed or supposed facts and details. It is information that is not apparent in the information provided but rather is extracted from it. In this section, you will be provided with a passage of information about a specific scene or event. A list of possible inferences will then be given, and you will need to decide if they are ‘true’, ‘false’, ‘possibly true’, ‘possibly false’, or whether it is not possible to say based on the information provided.

With the advancement of technology, the need for more infrastructure has never been higher. According to the plan of the current U.S. Administration, it aims to put a $1 trillion investment on improving infrastructure, a portion of which will include priority projects and technologies that can strengthen its economic competitiveness such as transportation, 5G wireless communication technology, rural broadband technologies, advanced manufacturing technologies, and even artificial intelligence.

It stated that it expects to work with Congress to develop a comprehensive infrastructure package, which is expected to have a budget of $200 billion for certain priorities.

  • 2: Probably True
  • 3: Not Enough Information
  • 4: Probably False

Although it was mentioned in the passage that the U.S. government is to allocate $200 billion on certain priorities, it did not specify if these certain priorities were for ‘transportation, 5G wireless communication technology, rural broadband technologies, advanced manufacturing technologies, and artificial intelligence’ or if the aforementioned priorities will have a different allocation.

What we can be sure of, however, is that at least a portion of the $1 trillion infrastructure budget will be used on the mentioned priorities regardless, meaning that there is a chance that $200 billion will be used on those aforementioned areas.

Improve Your Score with Prepterminal’s Critical Thinking Course

The Critical Thinking test is difficult, but not impossible to overcome with practice. At PrepTerminal our psychometric test experts have developed a critical thinking preparatory test to provide you with the material you need to practice for your critical thinking test. Prepare with us to increase your chance of successfully overcoming this hurdle in the recruitment process.

Prepterminal’s preparatory critical thinking course features a structured study course along with critical thinking practice tests to help you improve your exam score. Our course includes video and text-based information presented in a clear and easy-to-understand manner so you can follow along at your own pace with ease.

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examples critical thinking questions

85 Fun Critical Thinking Questions for Kids & Teens

students laughing as they answer critical thinking questions

Have you ever thought about using fun questions to practice critical thinking?

Students may need a little guidance to think their way through questions that lack straightforward answers.

But it is that process that is important!

How the Right Questions Encourage Critical Thinking

Every parent knows how natural it is for children to ask questions. 

It should be encouraged. After all, asking questions helps with critical thinking.

As they grow older, however, training them to answer questions can be equally beneficial.

Posing questions that encourage kids to analyze, compare, and evaluate information can help them develop their ability to think critically about tough topics in the future. 

Of course, critical thinking questions for kids need to be age-appropriate—even better if you can mix a little fun into it!

That’s what I hope to help you with today. I’ve organized the questions below into three different ages groups:

  • Upper elementary
  • Middle school
  • High school 

20 Questions: Exercises in Critical Thinking

Get a Question-Based Critical Thinking Exercise—Free!

Introduce critical thinking gently & easily with thought-provoking exercises.

Upper Elementary

Students in upper elementary grades can be reluctant to put themselves out there, especially with answers that seem weird. 

In some cases, such hesitancy is actually fear of differing from their peers (and a barrier to critical thinking ). 

But that’s exactly why it’s important to practice answering ambiguous questions. 

We want our children to stand firm for their beliefs—not cave to peer pressure. 

Additionally, students may feel uneasy about answering serious questions, uncertain of tackling “big” problems. 

However, with careful use of creative questions for kids, it’s possible to engage even the most reluctant children in this age group. 

The idea is to simply get them interested in the conversation and questions asked.

If you have an especially reserved student, try starting with the funny critical thinking questions. 

Humor is a natural icebreaker that can make critical thinking questions more lighthearted and enjoyable. 

Of course, most younger kids just like to be silly, so playing upon that can keep them active and engaged.

With that said, here are some great questions to get you started:

1. Someone gives you a penguin. You can’t sell it or give it away. What do you do with it?

2. What would it be like if people could fly?

3. If animals could talk, what question would you ask? 

4. If you were ice cream, what kind would you be and why?

5. Do you want to travel back in time? If yes, how far back would you go? If no, why not?

6. What could you invent that would help your family? 

7. If you could stay up all night, what would you do?

8. What does the man on the moon do during the day?

9. What makes something weird or normal? 

10. Can you describe the tastes “salty” and “sweet” without using those words?

11. What does it feel like to ride a rollercoaster?

12. What makes a joke funny?

13. What two items would you take if you knew you would be stranded on an island and why?

14. Do you have a favorite way of laughing?

15. What noise makes you cringe and cover your ears? Why?

16. If you could be the parent for the day, what would you do?

17. If you could jump into your favorite movie and change the outcome, which one would you pick and why?

18. If you could be invisible for a day, what would you do?

19. What makes a day “perfect”?

20. If you owned a store, what kind of products would you sell?

21. If your parents were your age, would you be friends with them?

22. Would you still like your favorite food if it tasted the same as always, but now had an awful smell?

23. What would you do if you forgot to put your shoes on before leaving home?

24. Who would you be if you were a cartoon character?

25. How many hot dogs do you think you could eat in one sitting?

26. If you could breathe under water, what would you explore?

27. At what age do you think you stop being a kid?

28. If you had springs in your legs, what would you be able to do?

29. Can you describe the color blue to someone if they’re blind?

Middle School

At this point, students start to acquire more complex skills and are able to form their own conclusions based on the information they’re given. 

However, we can’t expect deep philosophical debates with 12 and 13 year olds. 

That said, as parent-teachers, we can certainly begin using more challenging questions to help them examine and rationalize their thought processes. 

Browse the fun critical thinking questions below for students in this age range. 

You might be surprised to see how receptive middle school kids can be to such thought-provoking (yet still fun) questions .

30. What would happen if it really did rain cats and dogs?

31. What does it mean to be lucky?

32. If you woke up in the middle of a dream, where would you be?

33. Is it ever okay to lie? Why or why not?

34. If you were solely responsible for creating laws, what one law would you make?

35. What makes a person a good friend?

36. What do you think is the most important skill you can take into adulthood?

37. If you had to give up lunch or dinner, which would you choose? Why?

38. How much money would you need to be considered rich?

39. If you knew you wouldn’t get caught, would you cheat on a test?

40. If you could live anywhere in the world, where would that be?

41. What is your greatest strength? How is that an asset?

42. If you had an opportunity to visit the International Space Station, would you do it?

43. Is it better to keep the peace or speak your mind?

44. Imagine yourself as your favorite animal. How would you spend your day?

45. Would you be friends with someone who didn’t have the same values as you?

46. How much screen time do you think is too much?

47. Can you describe your favorite color without naming it?

48. If you suddenly became blind, would you see things differently?

49. Would you ever go skydiving?

50. Describe the time you were the happiest in your life. Why did this make you happy?

51. If you had a million dollars, what would you do?

52. If you had to move to a new city, would you change how you present yourself to others?

53. What do you need to do in order to be famous?

54. If you could rewrite the ending of your favorite book or movie, what changes would you make?

55. How would you tackle a huge goal?

56. How would you sell ice to an eskimo in Alaska successfully?

57. What makes you unique?

High School

Critical thinking takes on an entirely different role once students reach high school. 

At this age, they have a greater sense of right and wrong (and what makes things so) as well as a better understanding of the world’s challenges.

Guiding teens to delve deeper and contemplate such things is an important part of developing their reasoning and critical thinking skills. 

examples critical thinking questions

Whether it’s fun questions about hypothetical superpowers or tough critical thinking questions about life, older teens typically have what it takes to think their way to a logical conclusion . 

Of course, use your discernment as you choose discussion topics, but here are some questions to help get you started:

58. How can you avoid [common problem] in the future?

59. Do you think it’s okay to take a life in order to save 5, 10, 20 or more people?

60. If you could go back and give your younger self advice, what would it be?

61. Is it better to give or receive a gift?

62. How important is it to be financially secure? Why?

63. If it was up to you, what one rule would you change in your family?

64. What would you do if a group of friends wanted to do something that you thought was a bad idea?

65. How do you know that something is a fact rather than an opinion?

66. What would it take to get you to change your mind?

67. What’s the most important thing in your life?

68. If money were of no concern, what job would you choose and why?

69. How do you know if you’re happy?

70. Do you think euthanasia is moral?

71. What is something you can do today that you weren’t able to do a year ago?

72. Is social media a good thing or not?

73. Is it right to keep animals in a zoo?

74. How does your attitude affect your abilities?

75. What would you do if you found out a friend was doing something dangerous?

76. If you could have any superpower, what would it be? Why?

77. What will life on Earth look like in 50 years?

78. Which is more important, ending world hunger or global warming?

79. Is it a good idea to lower the voting age to 16? Why or why not?

80. If the electrical power went out today, how would you cook if using wood wasn’t an option?

81. If you could magically transport yourself to any other place, where would that be and why?

82. When should teenagers be able to stay out all night?

83. Does the number zero actually exist?

84. What defines a generous person?

85. Does an influential person influence everyone?

Feel free to print out these fun critical thinking questions and incorporate them into your homeschool week!

examples critical thinking questions

will your children recognize truth?

About the author.

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Jordan Mitchell

  • Math Resources Links
  • Math in the Real World
  • Differentiated Math Unlocked
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20 Math Critical Thinking Questions to Ask in Class Tomorrow

chaput.caroline

  • November 20, 2023

give intentional and effective feedback for students with 10 critical thinking prompts for algebra 1

The level of apathy towards math is only increasing as each year passes and it’s up to us as teachers to make math class more meaningful . This list of math critical thinking questions will give you a quick starting point for getting your students to think deeper about any concept or problem. 

Since artificial intelligence has basically changed schooling as we once knew it, I’ve seen a lot of districts and teachers looking for ways to lean into AI rather than run from it.

The idea of memorizing formulas and regurgitating information for a test is becoming more obsolete. We can now teach our students how to use their resources to make educated decisions and solve more complex problems.

With that in mind, teachers have more opportunities to get their students thinking about the why rather than the how.

Table of Contents

Looking for more about critical thinking skills? Check out these blog posts:

  • Why You Need to Be Teaching Writing in Math Class Today
  • How to Teach Problem Solving for Mathematics
  • Turn the Bloom’s Taxonomy Verbs into Engaging Math Activities

critical thinking questions for any math class

What skills do we actually want to teach our students?

As professionals, we talk a lot about transferable skills that can be valuable in multiple jobs, such as leadership, event planning, or effective communication. The same can be said for high school students. 

It’s important to think about the skills that we want them to have before they are catapulted into the adult world. 

Do you want them to be able to collaborate and communicate effectively with their peers? Maybe you would prefer that they can articulate their thoughts in a way that makes sense to someone who knows nothing about the topic.

Whatever you decide are the most essential skills your students should learn, make sure to add them into your lesson objectives.

algebra 1 critical thinking questions. 10 topics. 190+ prompts. click to learn more

When should I ask these math critical thinking questions?

Critical thinking doesn’t have to be complex or fill an entire lesson. There are simple ways that you can start adding these types of questions into your lessons daily!

Start small

Add specific math critical thinking questions to your warm up or exit ticket routine. This is a great way to start or end your class because your students will be able to quickly show you what they understand. 

Asking deeper questions at the beginning of your class can end up leading to really great discussions and get your students talking about math.

examples critical thinking questions

Add critical thinking questions to word problems

Word problems and real-life applications are the perfect place to add in critical thinking questions. Real-world applications offer a more choose-your-own-adventure style assignment where your students can expand on their thought processes. 

They also allow your students to get creative and think outside of the box. These problem-solving skills play a critical role in helping your students develop critical thinking abilities.

connect algebra concepts to geometry applications

Keep reading for math critical thinking questions that can be applied to any subject or topic!

When you want your students to defend their answers.

  • Explain the steps you took to solve this problem
  • How do you know that your answer is correct?
  • Draw a diagram to prove your solution.
  • Is there a different way to solve this problem besides the one you used?
  • How would you explain _______________ to a student in the grade below you?
  • Why does this strategy work?
  • Use evidence from the problem/data to defend your answer in complete sentences.

When you want your students to justify their opinions

  • What do you think will happen when ______?
  • Do you agree/disagree with _______?
  • What are the similarities and differences between ________ and __________?
  • What suggestions would you give to this student?
  • What is the most efficient way to solve this problem?
  • How did you decide on your first step for solving this problem?

examples critical thinking questions

When you want your students to think outside of the box

  • How can ______________ be used in the real world?
  • What might be a common error that a student could make when solving this problem?
  • How is _____________ topic similar to _______________ (previous topic)?
  • What examples can you think of that would not work with this problem solving method?
  • What would happen if __________ changed?
  • Create your own problem that would give a solution of ______________.
  • What other math skills did you need to use to solve this problem?

Let’s Recap:

  • Rather than running from AI, help your students use it as a tool to expand their thinking.
  • Identify a few transferable skills that you want your students to learn and make a goal for how you can help them develop these skills.
  • Add critical thinking questions to your daily warm ups or exit tickets.
  • Ask your students to explain their thinking when solving a word problem.
  • Get a free sample of my Algebra 1 critical thinking questions ↓

10 free math critical thinking writing prompts for algebra 1 and algebra 2

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Critical Thinking Questions   What are some examples of how to use...

Critical Thinking Questions

  • What are some examples of how to use the route command in Windows, and why is it important to practice them on a non-production server?
  • How can protocol analyzers be used to aid in troubleshooting network issues?
  • Why is Telnet considered insecure, and what is the recommended alternative?
  • What is the difference between NetFlow and SNMP, and how does NetFlow help in troubleshooting networking problems?
  • What is an IP scanner and how can it be used for network mapping?

Answer & Explanation

1.Examples of using the route command in Windows:

Adding a static route : You can use the route add command to manually add a static route to the routing table. This is useful when you need to specify a specific path for traffic to reach a destination. Viewing the routing table: The route print command displays the current routing table, showing all routes that the system knows about. This is helpful for understanding how traffic is being routed. Deleting a route: With the route delete command, you can remove a specific route from the routing table. This might be necessary if a route is no longer needed or is causing issues. It's important to practice these commands on a non-production server because making mistakes with routing configurations on a production server could lead to network connectivity issues or downtime.

 By practicing on a non-production server, you can familiarize yourself with the commands and their effects without risking disruption to critical services.

2.Using protocol analyzers for troubleshooting network issues:

Protocol analyzers like Wireshark capture and analyze network traffic in real-time. By inspecting packet data, you can identify anomalies, diagnose connectivity problems, and pinpoint the source of network issues. They can help detect issues such as packet loss, high latency, misconfigured devices, and malicious activity. Analyzing captured packets can provide insights into the behavior of network protocols and applications, aiding in troubleshooting and optimizing network performance.

3.Why Telnet is considered insecure and the recommended alternative:

Telnet transmits data, including passwords, in plain text, making it vulnerable to interception and eavesdropping. This lack of encryption poses significant security risks, especially on public or untrusted networks. The recommended alternative to Telnet is Secure Shell (SSH). SSH encrypts data transmission, providing confidentiality and integrity. It also offers features like public-key authentication and tunneling, enhancing security and flexibility for remote access and administration.

4.Difference between NetFlow and SNMP, and how NetFlow helps in troubleshooting networking problems:

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is used for monitoring and managing network devices by collecting and organizing data about device performance and health. NetFlow is a network protocol used for collecting and aggregating IP traffic flow data. It provides visibility into traffic patterns, including source and destination IP addresses, ports, and protocols. While SNMP provides general device status and performance metrics, NetFlow offers more granular insights into actual traffic patterns, helping in troubleshooting issues like network congestion, bandwidth utilization, and security incidents.

5.IP scanner and its use for network mapping:

An IP scanner is a tool used to discover and enumerate devices on a network by scanning IP addresses within a specified range. It can identify active hosts, open ports, and network services running on those hosts. By mapping out the devices and services on a network, administrators can gain a better understanding of the network topology, identify potential security vulnerabilities, and ensure efficient resource allocation and management.

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COMMENTS

  1. 48 Critical Thinking Questions For Any Content Area

    The Ultimate Cheat Sheet For Digital Thinking by Global Digital Citizen Foundation is an excellent starting point for the 'how' behind teaching critical thinking by outlining which questions to ask. It offers 48 critical thinking questions useful for any content area or even grade level with a little re-working/re-wording. Enjoy the list!

  2. 85 Critical Thinking Questions to Carefully Examine Any Information

    Learn how to think critically and critically evaluate any information by asking yourself relevant questions. The web page shares 85 examples of critical thinking questions for different situations, such as arguments, books, scams, and your life. These questions help you understand the link between facts or ideas and make sound decisions.

  3. 41+ Critical Thinking Examples (Definition + Practices)

    There are many resources to help you determine if information sources are factual or not. 7. Socratic Questioning. This way of thinking is called the Socrates Method, named after an old-time thinker from Greece. It's about asking lots of questions to understand a topic.

  4. What Is Critical Thinking?

    Critical thinking is the ability to effectively analyze information and form a judgment. To think critically, you must be aware of your own biases and assumptions when encountering information, and apply consistent standards when evaluating sources. Critical thinking skills help you to: Identify credible sources. Evaluate and respond to arguments.

  5. Questions to Provoke Critical Thinking

    Learn how to formulate questions that vary in level of difficulty and purpose, from lower to higher levels of remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing and evaluating. See examples of different question stems and action prompts for each level of thinking.

  6. Critical Thinking Questions: The Big List for Your Classroom

    In an age of "fake news" claims and constant argument about pretty much any issue, critical thinking skills are key. Teach your students that it's vital to ask questions about everything, but that it's also important to ask the right sorts of questions. Students can use these critical thinking questions with fiction or nonfiction texts.

  7. 10 Critical-Thinking Interview Questions (With Sample Answers)

    Critical thinking interview questions with sample answers Here are 10 common interview questions aimed at evaluating your critical-thinking skills, along with sample answers: Tell me about a time when you had to convince your supervisor or team to use an alternative approach to solve a problem

  8. Critical Thinking Questions That Will Blow Your Mind

    Methods of Critical Thinking Questions. 1. The 5 W's and the H. These are the absolute basics of critical thinking. The Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How are foundational questions that are taught over and over in journalism, investigation, and research. They are the base from which every critical analysis should be created.

  9. How to create critical thinking questions (+ examples)

    Critical thinking is becoming a lost art in modern society. Far too many people never develop their ability to step back and look at their own beliefs and assumptions with a questioning mind. Here are some questions and examples for how to boost your critical thinking capabilities. 1) Why is this topic important or controversial to people?

  10. Build Critical Thinking Skills in 7 Steps w/ Examples [2024] • Asana

    In order to be an effective critical thinker, you need to question the information you have and the decisions you favor—only then can you come to the best conclusion. ... Example of critical thinking in the workplace. Imagine you work in user experience design (UX). Your team is focused on pricing and packaging and ensuring customers have a ...

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  16. Critical Thinking Test: Free Practice Questions

    These scenarios span diverse fields, from business and science to everyday scenarios, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of your critical thinking skills. Examples of Critical Thinking Questions Scenario: In a business context, analyze the potential impacts of a proposed strategy on both short-term profitability and long-term sustainability.

  17. 6 Main Types of Critical Thinking Skills (With Examples)

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  24. 20 Math Critical Thinking Questions to Ask in Class Tomorrow

    Start small. Add critical thinking questions to word problems. Keep reading for math critical thinking questions that can be applied to any subject or topic! When you want your students to defend their answers. When you want your students to justify their opinions. When you want your students to think outside of the box.

  25. [Solved] Critical Thinking Questions What are some examples of how to

    1.Examples of using the route command in Windows: Adding a static route: You can use the route add command to manually add a static route to the routing table. This is useful when you need to specify a specific path for traffic to reach a destination. Viewing the routing table: The route print command displays the current routing table, showing ...