ielts academic writing task 1 paraphrasing

• IELTS Luminary
• Dec 25, 2023

How to Paraphrase in Academic Task 1: A Step-by-Step Guide

Are you gearing up for the IELTS Academic Writing Task 1? If so, mastering the art of paraphrasing is crucial for your success. But worry not, as our comprehensive eBooks and personalized Essay Feedback Service are here to guide you every step of the way. Paraphrasing isn't just about using synonyms; it's an essential skill that showcases your English proficiency.

By delving into our eBooks , you’ll gain insights into effective paraphrasing techniques, and with our Essay Feedback Service , you'll receive expert analysis on your paraphrasing skills. These tools are designed to help you impress the examiner with your linguistic dexterity. Today, let's dive deep into the nuances of paraphrasing, using a real IELTS Academic Task 1 question as our guide.

Get your personalised   IELTS Essay Feedback   from a former examiner

Download IELTS eBooks ,   get everything you need to achieve a high band score

What is Paraphrasing?

Paraphrasing is more than just a writing skill; it's a critical component of effective communication in IELTS Writing Task 1. It involves rewording and rephrasing the original text while retaining the core message and meaning. This skill allows you to express the same ideas presented in the task prompt, but in a way that is unique and reflective of your own language abilities. In IELTS Writing, especially in the introduction of Task 1, paraphrasing plays a pivotal role. It requires you to not only understand the given prompt but also to creatively rewrite it, ensuring accuracy and originality.

Why is Paraphrasing Important in IELTS Writing Task 1?

Avoids Plagiarism:

Paraphrasing is essential in academic writing to steer clear of plagiarism. It involves presenting the same information in a new way, which is crucial in the IELTS exam where originality is valued.

This skill demonstrates that you can think independently and express ideas in your own words, a key aspect of language proficiency.

Demonstrates Language Proficiency:

Effective paraphrasing showcases your ability to use a wide range of vocabulary and different grammatical structures. It's a testament to your English language skills, particularly in understanding and manipulating complex ideas.

It also reflects your ability to understand the nuances of language, as paraphrasing often requires subtle changes in word choice and sentence structure.

First Impressions Count:

The introduction of your Task 1 response is the first thing the examiner reads. A well-paraphrased introduction immediately indicates your language competency.

It sets a positive tone for your response, signalling to the examiner that you have a strong command of English. This initial impression can be influential in determining your overall score.

Enhances Cognitive and Writing Skills:

Paraphrasing is not just about language; it's also about thinking. It requires you to process information, understand it thoroughly, and then express it differently.

This cognitive process enhances your overall writing skills, as you learn to construct ideas and arguments in diverse ways.

Improves Adaptability in Language Use:

By practicing paraphrasing, you become more adaptable in using the English language. You learn to convey the same message in various contexts, which is a valuable skill in real-world communication.

This adaptability also helps in other parts of the IELTS test, such as the speaking component, where you might need to rephrase your thoughts during a discussion.

  Get your personalised   IELTS Essay Feedback   from a former examiner

Download IELTS eBooks ,  get everything you need to achieve a high band score

How to Paraphrase in IELTS Academic Writing Task 1

Paraphrasing is an essential skill in IELTS Writing Task 1, and mastering it can significantly improve your performance. Here are detailed steps to help you paraphrase effectively:

Understand the Original Text:

Before you begin paraphrasing, it's vital to fully comprehend the original prompt. Read it several times to grasp the core message and main ideas.

Look for the key points and data presented in the chart, graph, or table. Understanding these elements is crucial to accurately paraphrase the prompt.

Use Synonyms Wisely:

Identifying and using synonyms is a fundamental part of paraphrasing. However, it's important to use them wisely.

Not all words have exact synonyms, and some synonyms can change the meaning if not used appropriately. Always consider the context before replacing words.

Change the Sentence Structure:

Altering the sentence structure is a powerful tool in paraphrasing. This can involve changing from active to passive voice, or modifying the sentence format.

For example, if the original sentence is in the form of a statement, you might consider turning it into a clause or vice versa.

Keep it Accurate:

The most crucial aspect of paraphrasing is maintaining the accuracy of the original text. Ensure that the paraphrased sentence conveys the same information.

Avoid adding your own opinions or altering the data. The goal is to restate the original information in a new form, not to create new content.

Example in Detail:

Let’s examine a real IELTS Academic Task 1 question and its paraphrased version in detail:

Original Question Statement:  “The chart below shows the amount of money per week spent on fast foods in Britain. The graph shows trends in consumption of fast foods.”

Paraphrased:  “The provided bar chart delineates the weekly expenditure on fast food items in the UK, while the line graph illustrates the consumption patterns of these foods over time.”

Analysis of Paraphrasing:

Original to Paraphrased:

"chart below" becomes "provided bar chart," indicating the type of chart more specifically.

"amount of money" is paraphrased to "expenditure," a more formal synonym.

"per week" changes to "weekly," which is a concise way of expressing the same idea.

"fast foods in Britain" is transformed into "fast food items in the UK," using a synonym for the country and slightly varying the phrase.

"graph shows trends" is rephrased to "line graph illustrates," where "shows" is replaced with "illustrates," and "trends" with "consumption patterns," providing a richer description.

Get your personalised  IELTS Essay Feedback   from a former examiner

Key Points in Paraphrasing for IELTS Writing Task 1

Paraphrasing effectively in IELTS Writing Task 1 involves more than just substituting words; it's about rethinking how to present the same information in a fresh and engaging way. Here's an expanded list of key points to consider when paraphrasing, along with detailed explanations:

'shows' -> 'delineates':

'Delineates' is a more formal and precise term, adding a level of sophistication to the sentence. It implies a detailed and accurate representation, which is ideal for describing charts or graphs.

'amount of money' -> 'expenditure':

'Expenditure' is a more technical term, suitable for academic writing. It encapsulates the idea of spending money, elevating the language style.

'per week' -> 'weekly':

'Weekly' is a concise and direct way to describe a time frame. It streamlines the sentence, making it more straightforward and easy to read.

'spent on' -> 'on':

Simplifying 'spent on' to 'on' makes the sentence more concise without losing the original meaning. It's an example of how removing unnecessary words can enhance clarity.

'fast foods' -> 'fast food items':

'Fast food items' gives a more detailed image, suggesting a variety of foods rather than a general category. It adds specificity to the description.

'Britain' -> 'the UK':

'The UK' is a more formal and encompassing term than 'Britain,' which can be seen as more colloquial. This change also introduces geographical variety.

'graph' -> 'line graph':

Specifying 'line graph' instead of the more generic 'graph' provides clarity about the type of data representation, which is critical in accurately describing the task.

'trends' -> 'patterns':

'Patterns' suggest a more nuanced and detailed observation of data, compared to 'trends,' which can be more general. It indicates a deeper analysis of the information.

'consumption' -> 'consumption patterns':

Expanding 'consumption' to 'consumption patterns' adds depth, indicating not just the act of consuming but also the manner and trends of consumption.

'below' -> 'presented below':

Changing 'below' to 'presented below' adds a formal touch and emphasizes the arrangement of the information in the test material.

'shows the amount' -> 'illustrates the quantity':

'Illustrates the quantity' changes the phrase to sound more academic. 'Illustrates' suggests a detailed portrayal, while 'quantity' is a more formal synonym for 'amount.'

'money' -> 'fiscal expenditure':

'Fiscal expenditure' is a more sophisticated way of referring to money spending, aligning with the formal tone expected in academic writing.

'in Britain' -> 'within the United Kingdom':

'Within the United Kingdom' is a more formal and inclusive way of referring to the geographic area, enhancing the academic tone of the sentence.

By expanding your vocabulary and varying sentence structures, you can effectively paraphrase in IELTS Writing Task 1, showcasing your language proficiency and ability to present information in a clear, accurate, and academically suitable manner. Paraphrasing in IELTS Writing transcends mere task completion; it's an art that calls for a deep understanding, creativity, and precision. This skill, when practiced diligently, can be a significant catalyst in enhancing your IELTS Writing score.

It's important to approach paraphrasing as an intelligent rephrasing exercise, not merely as a process of swapping words. This approach will not only refine your writing skills but also demonstrate your comprehensive grasp of the English language in a context that values clarity and precision.

Get your personalised   IELTS Essay Feedback  from a former examiner

• Academic Task 1 Tips & Strategies

Related Posts

How to Describe a Map for IELTS Academic Task 1: A Step-by-Step Guide - IELTS Luminary

Writing Task 1 – How To Paraphrase

In this post, we will look at the importance of being able to paraphrase . Paraphrasing is important, not only for the writing test but for all of the other parts of the test too. Being able to paraphrase will show the examiner that you have a wide vocabulary, helping you to achieve a higher band score.  

To paraphrase text is to read the question then rewrite it in your own words . You should not copy words straight from the question, instead change the order of the words and choose words with a similar meaning (a synonym ). This means you are using different words to write about the same idea. 

Paraphrasing

Here is an example of a Writing Task 1 Question >>

The graph below shows the average monthly temperatures in three well-known cities. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

Paraphrased >>

The line graph illustrates the climate conditions in Athens, Barcelona, and Sydney over the period of one year.

Here I changed temperatures to conditions (synonym) and then I added the three city names instead of saying ‘in three well-known cities’.

Using Synonyms

Synonyms are words you use when you want to write a word that has a similar meaning to the original word in the question . For example;

• Area / space
• Map / diagram / picture
• Amount / number
• Car / automobile / vehicle
• Price / amount / cost
• High / big / great 

When paraphrasing the question, you don’t need to change all of the words, but you should try to change most of them. Be careful though, because choosing a word that has a similar meaning – not the same meaning can make the meaning of the sentence change or become unclear. 

The best way to practice this is to have a look at writing task 1 questions and paraphrase/re-write the question in your own words. Whilst practising you can use an online thesaurus tool to help you find synonyms and learn new words.

We hope you found this post useful in helping you to study for the IELTS Test . If you have any questions please let us know in the comments below or on the Facebook page.

The best way to keep up to date with posts like this is to like us on Facebook , then follow us on Instagram  and  Pinterest . 

If you need help preparing for the IELTS Test, join the IELTS Achieve Academy and see how we can assist you to achieve your desired band score. We offer an essay correction service, mock exams and online courses.

Related Posts

Your mentor recommended you to learn a new language and gave you the contact details of a teacher. following his advice, you need to write a letter to the teacher: semi-formal letter [ielts general writing task 1 ].

Vocabulary: Sample Letter 1: Dear Mr. Martinez, I hope this letter finds you well. My…

Your neighbours have a dog that is noisy at night : Semi-Formal Letter [IELTS General Writing Task 1 ]

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Your neighbours have a dog that is noisy…

Leave a Comment Cancel Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

• A Beginner’s Guide to IELTS
• Common Grammar Mistakes [for IELTS Writing Candidates]

Writing Correction Service

• Free IELTS Resources
• Practice Speaking Test

Select Page

Paraphrasing for IELTS Writing Task 1

Posted by David S. Wills | May 20, 2017 | IELTS Tips , Writing | 0

Paraphrasing is an essential skill for IELTS, and it is particularly important for IELTS Writing Task 1. In this exam, you are required to paraphrase the question in order to write your first sentence. If you cannot do this, it becomes very difficult to pass the exam. If you copy the question, you will be deducted marks and it may cost you a high band score. Fortunately, learning to paraphrase is not difficult. In this PPT, I will show you how to paraphrase an IELTS Writing Task 1 question.

Paraphrasing Skills for IELTS

You can learn about how to structure an IELTS writing task 1 essay here .

About The Author

David S. Wills

David S. Wills is the author of Scientologist! William S. Burroughs and the 'Weird Cult' and the founder/editor of Beatdom literary journal. He lives and works in rural Cambodia and loves to travel. He has worked as an IELTS tutor since 2010, has completed both TEFL and CELTA courses, and has a certificate from Cambridge for Teaching Writing. David has worked in many different countries, and for several years designed a writing course for the University of Worcester. In 2018, he wrote the popular IELTS handbook, Grammar for IELTS Writing and he has since written two other books about IELTS. His other IELTS website is called IELTS Teaching.

Related Posts

Describe an Unusual Meal You Had [IELTS Speaking Part 2]

June 15, 2020

IELTS Expert Answers Common Questions

January 18, 2021

Punctuation for IELTS

May 12, 2016

Describe Your Favourite Room [IELTS Speaking Part 2]

April 2, 2018

Leave a reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed .

Download my IELTS Books

Recent Posts

• Past Simple vs Past Perfect
• Complex Sentences
• How to Score Band 9 [Video Lesson]
• Taxing Fast Food: Model IELTS Essay
• Airport Vocabulary

Recent Comments

• Daisey Lachut on IELTS Discussion Essays [Discuss Both Views/Sides]
• David S. Wills on Describe a Historical Period
• Siavash on Describe a Historical Period
• fabliha on IELTS Speaking Partners
• tufail khan on IELTS Discussion Essays [Discuss Both Views/Sides]
• Lesson Plans
• Model Essays
• TED Video Lessons
• Weekly Roundup

• Skip to primary navigation
• Skip to main content
• Skip to primary sidebar
• Skip to footer

IELTS Advantage

IELTS Preparation Courses

IELTS Writing Task 1: Everything You Need to Know

Ielts writing task 1 in 6 simple steps.

Academic Writing Task 1 Strategy

• Understand how the test is marked. Knowing the marking criteria will allow you to give the examiner exactly what they need.
• Paraphrase the question. It is best to paraphrase the question in the first paragraph. You can do this by using synonyms.
• Write the overview. To write your overview , pick 3 or 4 of the main features and write about them generally without referencing any data.
• Support the main features. In a new paragraph, support the key features with the data in the information given to you.
• Check your work. Check your report for spelling and grammar mistakes. Make sure that the data you mentioned is also accurate!

Essential Writing Task 1 Skills

• How to Write an Overview Paragraph 
• How to Paraphrase 
• How to Write a Complex Sentence
• How Many Words? 
• Task 1 Charts Checklist
• Task 1 Tips
• The Danger of Synonyms
• 6 Common Mistakes
• Paragraphing and Editing

Writing Task 1 Full Lessons

• Writing Academic Task 1 in 5 Easy Steps 
• Charts Lesson
• Maps Lesson
• Multiple Charts/Graphs 
• Process Lesson

Academic Task 1 Sample Answers

• Bar Chart Sample Essay (Cars in Asia) 
• Process- Cement and Concrete Production
• Pie Chart (Italy and Yemen Populations) 
• Process Question
• Bar Chart Question (UK Telephone Usage) 
• Line Graph (US Consumption of Energy)
• Bar Chart Sample Answer (International Students)

General Training Writing Task 1

General Training Writing Task 1 in 5 Simple Steps

• Understand how the test is marked. Knowing the marking criteria is the best way of giving the examiner exactly what they need and nothing else.
• Decide whether the letter is formal or informal. This part is easy. If the question asks you to write to a ‘friend’, it should be an informal letter. If the question asks you to write to anyone else, it should be a formal letter. It is that simple!
• Discuss each bullet point from the question. Make sure to take a new paragraph for each bullet point. This will make your letter easy to read and understand.
• Sign off your letter. Don’t overcomplicate this part. Include a sign-off suitable to your letter’s tone and write your name beneath.
• Check your work. Make sure your letter doesn’t contain any grammar or vocabulary mistakes.
• Letter Writing Tips
• How to Write an Informal Letter
• How to Write a Formal Letter

General Training Essential Writing Task 1 Skills

• Task 1 General Training Writing Strategy
• Task 1 General Training Writing Guide

Sample Answers

• Formal and informal sample letters.

Writing Task 1 Essential Information

• People doing the Academic test will write a report on a data set, map, or process. People doing General Training will write a letter.
• You must write 150 words or more.
• You should spend around 20 minutes on this part of the test.
• Task 1 is worth 1/3 of your total mark on the Writing test.
• You will be assessed in four areas: Task Achievement (25%) Coherence and Cohesion (25%) Lexical Resource (25%) Grammatical Range and Accuracy (25%)
• The most important thing is that you can demonstrate that you can clearly communicate in English.
• The key to doing well is to know exactly what the examiners want and give it to them.
• Grammar and Vocabulary Guide

• Top 10 Grammar Mistakes

IELTS Writing Task 1 FAQs

How can i improve my writing.

You will find all the resources you need on our Writing Task 1 page. Click the link below:

Writing Task 1

If you need serious help or personalised feedback, you should check out our online course. There is a waiting list, but you can add your name here:

How can I get a Band 7, 8 or 9?

The answer to this question is different for every individual IELTS student, as it depends on a number of factors, including your work ethic, English skills and exam strategy. You'll find a guide to answering this question in this article

If you need serious help with improving your IELTS scores, you should check out our online writing course. There is a waiting list, but you can add your name by clicking the link below:

Can you correct my writing?

Please click the link below and it will give you all the information you need about our writing correction service:

Writing Correction Service

Do you have any sample answers?

Yes, you will find them at the link below:

Task 1 Sample Answers

Will using 'high level' or 'academic' words help me improve my score?

Probably not.

Read my recent article about IELTS vocabulary here:

5 Things You Need to Know about IELTS Vocabulary

How many paragraphs should I write?

Introduction

You can put the overview at the end if you'd like.

Can I use idioms?

No, you should typically avoid using idioms in Writing Task 1.

The only time this is acceptable is if you are taking the General Training test and must write an informal letter.

Should I write a conclusion for Task 1 Academic?

No. A conclusion is a summary of YOUR ideas and your opinion. Task 1 is simply reporting what you see, so there shouldn't be any of your ideas or your opinion.

Instead of a conclusion, you should write an overview.

The reason lots of people get confused about this is that some teachers, books and even one British Council website call the overview a 'conclusion'. It's not a conclusion, it's an overview.

Finally, it does not matter where you put the overview paragraph. We teach our students to put it after the introduction, but it is also fine to have it as your final paragraph.

How many words should I write?

You must write at least 150 words in Writing Task 1 (yes, the examiners will count them!)

I would suggest that you aim to write around 160-170 words for Task 1. Aiming for 20-30 words more than the required amount makes you more likely to reach the word limit without setting an unrealistic goal.

Will I lose marks if I don't write enough words?

Yes. If you don't write the required number of words, you will lose marks in 'Task Achievement' for not answering the question fully. Read more here .

Can I use contractions?

No, should not use contractions when you are writing an academic essay or formal letter. However, it is fine to use contractions in an informal letter.

When should I write formally?

There are a few signposts that indicate when you should write formally or informally. Watch our video lesson to find out what they are:

IELTS Writing Task 1 General Training: Formal or Informal Letters?

Write Perfect IELTS Academic Task 1 Introductions: How to Paraphrase

Each report should have an introduction. Each introduction has only one role– presenting the information in the task in one or two sentences. If you have several charts or a chart and a table, you may have two sentences, but not more .

The easiest way to write an introduction is to paraphrase the task sentence .

In this lesson, I will teach you how to paraphrase the task in your introduction. This lesson is actually a free preview of my IELTS Academic Pack , which can help you prepare for your IELTS exam in less time and achieve a higher score.

Let’s start with charts.

The chart below shows the levels of employment in different sectors of the UK economy from 1910 to 2010…

My introduction is:

The bar chart illustrates how many people were employed in four major industry sectors in the UK between 1910 and 2010.

If you compare it to the task, my introduction has the same meaning as the first sentence in the task. Let me show you how you can paraphrase each part of your task sentence.

Paraphrasing the subject

Your task may begin with “ the chart or charts below show ”. In this case, you can add the type of chart:

• The line chart/graph
• The bar chart/graph
• The pie charts

If you have several, beginning your report by saying “the pie chart and line graph” is bulky and unnecessary.

• The pie chart and line graph

Just say, the graphs or the charts, it’s okay to repeat this word. You can also begin with “the data”.

• The graph(s)

What if you have a diagram? You can use the word diagram. There is no synonym.

• The diagram

In your report, you must use precise language. Don’t worry about repeating keywords.

Therefore, if you have maps, say “maps” and if you have a table, say “a table or the data”.

Paraphrasing the verb

Next, “the chart/diagram/map shows ”. Here are some other alternatives:

• The diagram illustrates.
• The chart displays…
• The data provide information on… (the data is plural)
• The table gives information about…

To show , to illustrate and to display are more universal and can be used in almost any type of task. The phrases to provide information and to give information work well in some sentences but not in others.

Read your sentences carefully to see which verb works better.

Paraphrasing the object

Now, how can you paraphrase the main part of the task sentence?

The chart shows the top ten countries for oil production and consumption in 2010 and 2015.

How can we rephrase the part in bold? How about this:

I looked for a synonym for each word:

Top = Leading. Ten = Dozen (since 10 is close to a dozen). Countries = Nations.

• The bar graph illustrates the leading dozen of nations…

Do not do this. You won’t be able to find synonyms with the same meaning for each word. It’s very important to keep your language precise .

Instead, you could look at the main words and see how you could change the form of these words: Production = To produce. Consumption = To consume.

• The bar graph provides information on the countries that produced and consumed the most oil…

You can also use some question words to change your sentence structure. These are which, what, how much, how, etc. Here are some examples:

• The bar graph illustrates which countries produced and consumed the most oil in two time periods (2010 and 2015).
• The bar graph shows how much oil was produced and consumed by the leading countries in two time periods. (passive)

Another way to paraphrase is to add the words changes, amount or level , if they make sense in your sentence:

• The bar chart displays the amount of oil produced and consumed by the leading countries in the years 2010 and 2015.
• The bar graph shows the changes in production and consumption of oil by ten leading countries between 2010 and 2015.

Paraphrasing the time period

Lastly, the time period.  Our task ends with “ in 2010 and 2015” .

You can say:

• in the years 2010 and 2015
• in two time periods (2010 and 2015)
• in two time periods

Sometimes, you’re given an interval: between 1970 and 2020 . In this case, you could say:

• from 1970 to 2020
• over/during a fifty-year period

To summarise, the aim of your introduction is to present the information in the task. And the easiest way to do that is to paraphrase the first task sentence.

Don’t try to be original and don’t worry about repeating keywords. As long as you don’t copy long phrases from the task, you’re good.

When writing your introduction think:

Can you change the form of words?

• Production --> To produce       
• Consumption --> To consume

Can you add question words?

Can you use the following words?

• For charts and tables: changes, amount, level
• For maps: changes
• For diagrams: a process, stages or how something is made/grown

It’s important to write your introduction quickly, to have more time for the all-important overview and at least two body paragraphs.

That’s what you can learn in my courses. You can also learn how to meet each requirement, plan your report, link your ideas, and we’ll even brush up on verb tenses and the passive voice. You’ll also learn how to write each type of task.

Our today’s blog is the preview of the Task 1 course. In the IELTS Academic Pack, you’ll also get vocabulary for Task 1, courses for Writing Task 2 and Speaking.

Here are some other blog posts you may be interested in:

Master IELTS Writing Coherence & Cohesion | 3 Elements for Band 9 Essential Linking Words for a Band 7+ IELTS Writing Task 2 Essay

See all recent posts

Terms & Conditions * Privacy Policy * Cookie Policy * Disclaimer

© 2014-2024 Fastrack Education ltd. All Rights Reserved 

Do you need any help? [email protected]

Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Paraphrasing exercises.

Have a look at the following Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Questions and  try to paraphrase  the question.

Get your writing and speaking corrected

Join the ever growing group of students who we helped on the road to success and get the professional help you have been looking for.

Useful Links

• Writing Correction

Have one of our teachers look at your Writing Task and give feedback and correction within 24 Hours

Writing Task 1

Have a look at an overview of Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Tips & Tricks

Have a look at some of the important tips and tricks to get a better score at Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Grammar

Have a look at some of the grammar needed for Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Vocabulary

Have a look at some of the vocabulary needed for the introduction and general overview of Academic IELTS Writing Task 1

Writing Task 1 Graphs

Have a look at how to deal with Graphs, how to analyse, structure, write,…

Writing Task 1 Graphs Examples

Have a look at some of the examples of Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Graphs and see how other people deal with writing them.

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Change

Have a look at some Graph Vocabulary to deal with Dynamic Graphs and Changes.

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Numbers

Have a look at some Graph Vocabulary to deal with Graphs and Numbers.

Writing Task 1 Graphs Vocabulary Practice

Have a look at some exercises and practice some of the vocabulary used for Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Graphs

Writing Task 1 Maps

Have a look at how to deal with Maps, how to analyse, structure, write,…

Writing Task 1 Maps Examples

Have a look at some of the examples of Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Maps and see how other people deal with writing them.

Writing Task 1 Maps Vocabulary 

Have a look at some of the vocabulary used for Academic Writing Task 1 Maps

Writing Task 1 Maps Vocabulary Practice

Have a look at some exercises and practice some of the vocabulary used for Academic IELTS Writing Task 1 Maps

Writing Task 1 Processes

Have a look at how to deal with Processes, how to analyse, structure, write,…

Writing Task 1 Processes Examples

Writing task 2.

Have a look at an overview of IELTS Writing Task 2 and how to deal with it.

If you have any questions or would like more exercises, do let us know in the comments.

2 responses.

The practice on the website is very helpful. Thank you.

Dear Hsunche,

We are very happy you like the practice. We hope to provide you with some more practice in the future. If there is anything else we can do for you just let us know.

The IELTSassistance team

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed .

Can't find what you need?

Ask our teachers.

• Why choose us
• How We Achieve
• Our Materials
• Terms of service
• Privacy Policy
• Cookie Policy
• Speaking Correction
• One-to-One Courses
• Group Curses
• Pronunciation
• General Overview
• General Task 1
• General Task 2
• Academic Overview
• Academic Task 1
• Academic Task 2

IELTS is a registered trademark of University of Cambridge, the British Council, and IDP Education Australia. This site and its owners are not affiliated, approved or endorsed by the University of Cambridge ESOL, the British Council, and IDP Education Australia. The information on this site is for information purposes only.

ieltsassistance.co.uk © 2018 All rights reserved.

Can’t find what you need? Ask our teachers:

Take 20% off all study plans with code FRESHSTART - code expires on Monday 4/1

Paraphrasing Exercise - Academic Writing Task 1

Use this exercise to improve your paraphrasing skills for the IELTS.

Sample Question

You should spend about 20 minutes on the task.

The maps below show the layout of James Park in 2017 and the proposed changes to the park in 2027.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words

James Park 2017: 5000 monthly users

James Park Post-renovation (2027): 20,000 monthly users

Need to study for the IELTS?

Magoosh IELTS comes with a 7-day Money Back Guarantee .

• Preparing for IELTS
• Practice tests
• Free online IELTS Writing practice tests
• Free online IELTS Academic Writing practice tests - paper

IELTS practice Academic Writing test - Task 1

How to approach academic writing task 1.

In the IELTS Academic Writing test, you will have one hour to complete both of the two set writing tasks. Keep an eye on the time it takes you to complete practice Tasks 1 and 2 to make sure you don’t go too far over, and to use as a benchmark for how long you can expect each task to take you.

In the actual test, you will move from the first to the second task without a break. However, while practising, you may wish to reflect on the outcomes of practice Task 1 using the model answer provided before moving on to practice Task 2. Or you may wish to complete them both before looking at the model answers to give you a more accurate sense of timing.

An easy reminder…

Q: How long should I spend on IELTS Writing Task 1?

A: We suggest 20 minutes – saving 40 minutes for Task 2.

Q: How many words for IELTS Writing Task 1?

A: 150 words is about the right length, but don’t be afraid to go a little over.

Q: Should I be formal or conversational in style?

A: You should write in a formal style, suited to an academic environment.

Q: What are the do’s and don’ts in IELTS Writing task 1?

A: Do pay attention to time - task 1 is worth one third of the total marks (while task 2 is worth two thirds), Don’t let nervousness stop you from trying your best.

Get more tips to help you prepare for the writing tasks

Task 1 – Take a look at the chart below and perform the task as outlined:

This graph shows the proportion of four different materials that were recycled from 1982 to 2010 in a particular country.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, making comparisons where relevant.

What should I do next?

Once you’ve finished, you can download the model answer for Writing Task 1 and see how your work compares.

 This sample offers a useful guide for how to structure your answer for IELTS writing task 1, as well as the style of writing expected.  A good way to improve is to reflect on how your answer compares to the model answer – and, of course, keep practicing.

If you want to see an example of an actual answer sheet for the IELTS Academic Writing test (‘on paper’ version), you can download a sample copy below.

• IELTS practice Academic Writing test - Task 2

The official IELTS by IDP app is here! Download it today.

• IELTS tests IELTS Academic IELTS General Training IELTS UKVI IELTS One Skill Retake LEARN ABOUT THIS TEST What is IELTS Academic? Reschedule or cancel an IELTS test Find a test centre WAYS TO TAKE IELTS ACADEMIC IELTS on paper IELTS on computer IELTS Online LEARN ABOUT THIS TEST What is IELTS General Training? Reschedule or cancel an IELTS test Find a test centre WAYS TO TAKE IELTS GENERAL TRAINING IELTS on paper IELTS on computer LEARN ABOUT THIS TEST What is IELTS UKVI? Reschedule or cancel an IELTS test Find a test centre WAYS TO TAKE IELTS UKVI IELTS on paper IELTS on computer LEARN ABOUT THIS TEST What is IELTS One Skill Retake? Reschedule or cancel an IELTS test READ MORE ABOUT IELTS ONE SKILL RETAKE Where is IELTS One Skill Retake available? FIND THE RIGHT TEST IELTS for study IELTS for work IELTS for migration

Get your results

Check your provisional IELTS results online and do more.

Task 1 & 2: Paraphrasing

Learn how to paraphrase for IELTS and improve your writing score with simple techniques like synonyms and sentence combining. Start practising now!

Content Tags

Paraphrasing is essential in the IELTS test. It's a great skill to have for speaking and it's especially important for the writing section. This skill shows that you not only understand the question but that you can discuss it fully. If you write the original statement in your tasks, it may not be counted and it could hurt your word count.

What is paraphrasing?

Paraphrasing is writing the same information using different vocabulary, phrases, and structures.

How do I paraphrase?

Paraphrasing can be a daunting task. Here are some simple techniques that can help you paraphrase well in your writing:

Use synonyms

Synonyms are words that have the same meaning. Using synonyms is an easy way to create a new sentence that has the same meaning.

Some people think that parents should teach their children how to be good members of society.

Some individuals believe that parents should teach their children how to be a positive part of their community.

Make sure that the synonyms you are using have the same meaning, and not similar, as this could change the meaning of the sentence.

Some people believe that car emissions have a massive impact on the environment.

Incorrect: Some people believe that car emissions have a large impact on the environment.

Correct: Some people believe that car emissions have an enormous impact on the environment.

Be careful because some synonyms can be used in some situations but not in others.

The amount of fish consumed in the world has increased dramatically.

Incorrect: The amount of fish used in the world has increased dramatically.

The amount of fuel consumed when driving largely depends on the vehicle.

Correct: The amount of fuel used when driving largely depends on the vehicle. 

Also, grammar is important when using synonyms.

Wealth does not necessarily guarantee happiness.

Having money does not necessarily ensure satisfaction.

2. Change word order

Putting words and phrases in different places within the sentence is another simple way to paraphrase.

The percentage of stressed children in western society has increased by 15% in the last ten years.

In the last ten years, the percentage of stressed children in western society has increased by 15%.

Again, the meaning of the sentence may change when changing the word order.

Successful sports professionals earn more money than people in other important professions.

Incorrect: People in other important professions earn more money than successful sports professionals.

Correct: People in other important professions earn less money than successful sports professionals.

3. Change word form

Along with word order, you can change word form. This involves changing vocabulary from nouns to verbs, adjectives to adverbs, and so on.

Nowadays, crimes are becoming more violent.

Nowadays, crimes are being committed more violently.

Once again, grammar is important when changing word form.

The level of crime has increased noticeably in different ways.

Incorrect: There was an increase noticeably in the level of crime in different ways.  

Correct: The increase in the level of crime has been noticeable in different ways.

4. Active to Passive

Changing your sentences from active to passive voice can be more difficult than the other techniques; however, it shows a variety in your grammar structures.

Active: Technological advances have replaced people in the workforce.

Passive: People in the workforce have been replaced by technological advances.

Make sure you know how to change the structure of a sentence before trying to use the passive voice.

Children today play very violent video games.

Incorrect: Children today are played by very violent video games.

Correct: Very violent video games are played by children today.

5. Combine sentences

The ability to combine sentences gives you more opportunity to change word order as well as shows off more variety in your writing.

Some people believe that animals should have the same rights as humans. Other people believe that animals should be used for various needs such as food and research.

Some people believe that animals should have the same rights as humans, while others believe they should be used for various needs such as food and research.

When combining sentences, make sure that the transitions you are using are correct.

Some people believe that logging is a serious problem. They believe that it may lead to the extinction of animal life.

Incorrect: Some people believe that logging is a serious problem, while others believe that it may lead to the extinction of animal life.

Correct: Some people believe that logging is a serious problem and it may lead to the extinction of animal life.

Practice using these techniques in your writing to become more comfortable with paraphrasing. Paraphrasing can lead to better writing, which in turn, can lead to a better writing score.

By Ashlee Hunter

Share this article

You may also like.

The A to Z of IELTS: L is for Lexical Resource

IELTS Writing Task 2: 8 steps towards a band 8

IELTS Writing Task 2: How to write a good conclusion

IELTS General Training, Writing Task 1: How to write a letter

The A to Z of IELTS: C is for 'collocations'

Six daily habits for a higher Speaking band score

IELTS Speaking: How to perform at your best in the part 3 discussion

IELTS Speaking: How to perform at your best in the part 2 long turn

IELTS One Skill Retake: How do you get your OSR results?

Don't overdo it: How to ace your IELTS Speaking test

• Useful links
• Who accepts IELTS?
• News and articles
• IELTS Masterclass
• IELTS Progress check
• Your IELTS results
• IELTS General Training
• IELTS Academic
• IELTS Online
• IELTS by IDP app
• Find a test centre
• Middle East
• Netherlands
• New Caledonia
• New Zealand
• Papua New Guinea
• Philippines
• Saudi Arabia
• Solomon Islands
• South Korea
• Switzerland
• Legal notices
• Privacy policy
• Cookie policy
• Copyright 2024 IDP IELTS

You need to be logged in to view this member page.

Please log in  or sign up .

This website uses cookies.

• Skip to primary navigation
• Skip to main content
• Skip to primary sidebar

IELTS with Fiona

IELTS preparation made easier

Full Members Academy Log in

IELTS Writing Task 1 Academic

In Academic Writing Task 1, you need to summarise data that is presented in the form of a graph, chart or diagram.

In order to write a Band 7+ IELTS Academic Writing Task 1, you need to:

• identify 3 key features
• summarise these key features in 160* words
• avoid excessive details (don’t describe – ANALYSE) 
• choose the correct tense
• include RELEVANT data
• use APPROPRIATE linking words
• describe change and comparisons  
• use formal, academic language
• paraphrase the introduction
• write an overview

See examples:

How to describe a dynamic graph (describing changes)

How to describe a static chart (compare and contrast)

1. Write a minimum of 160* words

*The instructions say 150 words, but it’s better to write 160 – 200 words.

Practise writing 160 words minimum before the test. 

T here are always some words you cannot change, e.g. ‘chart’ or ‘map’, but try to use synonyms as much as possible (especially in the first line, where you must paraphrase the question paper):

e.g. (Question paper) ‘The map shows…’  

       (Your answer)   ‘The map illustrates….’ or ‘In the map we can see….’

2. Paraphrase the question

For your introduction, you simply need to paraphrase the question.

You have 2 choices:

(i)   Replace certain words with  synonyms that you feel confident with e.g.

• The chart shows average carbon dioxide emissions in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal.
• The chart (compares, analyses, outlines, highlights, gives data on, provides an analysis of) CO2 emissions in four European countries.

(ii) Restructure the sentence. Show the examiner you can use more complex structures by changing nouns into verbs, and using the PASSIVE form:

• The chart examines how much CO2 was emitted in four European countries.

You can often  group countries  into regions e.g.  in Italy, France, Spain and Poland  =  in 4 European countries  or use the adjective form e.g.  a university in the UK = a British University.

Vary the way you describe the  time period e.g.

• from 1995 to 2015
• between 1995 and 2015
• over a 20-year period
• over two decades.

3. Quickly decide on 3 key features.

If you’re doing the paper-based test, write on the Question Paper.

Draw quick arrows so you can easily see what went up/down. Label the lines on a graph so you can see them more clearly.

• the highest/the lowest
• the things that changed the most/the least
• the things which are the same 
• the things which are different (What bucks the trend? What is the outlier?)

This should only take 2-3 minutes.

Find an ‘overall trend’ , something which is very general and relates to the graph/chart as a whole (imagine you can’t see the numbers).

MOST graphs show changes over time (dynamic graphs), so you look at them horizontally  (e.g.  sales increased/decreased over a 10-year period ).

But you also need to compare who had the  highest/lowest  sales over the period – this is comparing  vertically.

4. Decide what tense(s) you need.

Most dynamic graphs describe changes that took place in the PAST.

This means that you must put most of the verbs in the SIMPLE PAST.

However, sometimes you may need to make PREDICTIONS.

If you’re describing a graph that has no time marker (e.g. percentage of salt/fat in everyday food, location of world’s oil resources, poverty rates according to age/gender) choose the PRESENT SIMPLE. 

5. Include specific data

e.g. sales decreased by 20% , prices went up from £10 to £20 , numbers peaked at 300 .

But nobody wants to read a lot of confusing numbers.

Avoid this by:

• rounding up wherever you can (use words like approximately, around, about, just over/under )
• putting numbers in brackets
• analysing information (see Point 6 below)

There are many ways of describing and including data, for example:

• How to use ‘Twice as much/as many’.

6. DON’T just list numbers

Don’t describe every detail – the examiner can see the details. You need to a nalyse and make comparisons.

Which of these sentences is easier for the reader to follow and process?

(a)   ‘Tourist numbers went up to 61,335 in 1982, then they went down to 51,345 in 1985, then they increased again to 111,372 in 1995 and then they fell to 69,999 in 2000’ .

(b)  In 1985 there were only around 50K visitors , but this figure had more than doubled a decade later .

Sentence (a) is actually quite difficult to read because there are too many numbers and no analysis. Sentence (b) makes far more sense to the reader.

Try to find quick ways of ANALYSING  the numbers.

Look for numbers that  halved, doubled, tripled , etc.

Look for places where you can show  complex analysis e.g.

• (BEFORE) Numbers increased from 3000 visitors in 2000 to 12,000 visitors in 2005.
• (AFTER) There were four times as many visitors in 2005 as there were in 2000
• (OR) Tourist numbers increased fourfold. 

Add some extra data if necessary e.g. 

• …with 12,000 people visit ing the town in 2005 compared to a quarter as many in 2000.

Get more advice on using with + ing verb here.

7. Use natural linking words

But don’t start every sentence with ‘However’ ‘In addition’ ‘Nevertheless’ etc. Try to use more variety in your linking words e.g. even though, whereas, apart from.

Use expressions like these to introduce your paragraphs:

First paragraphs:

• Looking first of all at…
• Let us start with …
• Let us start by examining/ looking at …

These can be followed by either

1) a reference to the chart/graph/table that you are analysing

2) a reference to the particular  aspect  that you are analysing e.g.  If we look first at  the number of/percentage of/proportion of/expenditure on/forecasts for/the figures for etc, we can see that there was a significant increase.

Second Paragraphs

• Let us look now at…
• Looking more closely at …
• Turning now to…

All of these can be followed by either

2) a reference to the particular  aspect  that you are analysing e.g.  Turning now to   the number of/percentage of/proportion of/expenditure on/forecasts for/the figures for etc, we can see that there was a significant increase.

8. Use a variety of expressions to describe change.

If you are describing a DYNAMIC graph (the most common type), try to use a variety of language e.g.

(a) a simple verb + adverb collocation (It fell considerably)

(b) a more complex adjective + noun collocation (There was a considerable fall.)

(c) other phrases e.g. The town experienced/ saw/ underwent a number of changes

(d) prepositions e.g.

• There was an increase OF 20%.
• The number increased BY 20%.
• There was an increase IN sales.

Review all the prepositions relating to time periods:

• IN: months, years
• OVER: a 20-year period
• DURING : this period

9. DON’T give your opinion.

It is very tempting to give your opinion on why the changes happened, but don’t.

Don’t say why you think something happened – this will lose points in Task Achievement because it is considered to be subjective rather than objective.

e.g. if you notice that sales fell dramatically in 2008, DON’T say  ‘this was probably due to the global financial crisis’ .

Just report the facts.

Avoid any ’emotional’ language unless it is specifically stated in the graph.

e.g. Don’t say ‘50% of over 60s enjoyed/preferred going to the gym’ when the graph simply shows that ‘50% of over 60s WENT to the gym’.

10. Write an  ‘overview’.

This is an essential element of a Task 1 response.

Don’t confuse the overview with the introduction.  

An overview is absolutely crucial for a minimum score of 6 in Task Achievement. It can be very  general  and  does not need to include data/numbers/figures .

Try to see the ‘big picture’ (but don’t be afraid to say that there was no significant change, or no significant differences, or ‘no correlation between…’ if that is the big picture).

Always include a sentence beginning ‘Overall, …’

This can come at the start (in the introduction) or at the end as your final paragraph.

Try not to repeat information that you have already mentioned.

• You do not need to add data in the overview – in fact, it is better NOT to use data in the overview.

DON’T spend more than 20 minutes on Task 1

Task 2 is worth more than Task 1, so make sure that you stop after 20 minutes, and go on to Task 2.

My advice is:

• Plan* – 3 minutes
• Intro and Overview – 3 minutes
• Main Body – 12 minutes
• Edit* – 2 minutes

*Don’t skip the planning and editing

More Academic Task 1 lessons

• How to describe a dynamic graph (general advice)
• How to compare and contrast (static graph)
• How to describe a dynamic chart (UK Migration)
• How to deal with a complex bar chart (US household income)
• How to describe a natural cycle (butterfly)
• How to describe a natural cycle (nitrogen)
• How to describe a process (leather goods)
• How to describe a process (energy from coal)
• How to describe ‘before and after’ diagrams (map of a park)
• Grammar – Advanced comparisons for Task 1: Twice as much or many
• Grammar – Advanced linking words for Task 1: Present Participle
• How to use the Past Perfect in dynamic graphs
• 6 ways to make predictions in Task 1 : from Simple to Advanced
• 14 ways to improve your IELTS Writing Score

Do you need more practice and model answers?

Learn more about my courses here.

Do you need motivation, high-quality materials, a roadmap, feedback, guidance and an IELTS specialist teacher?

Join the Members Academy today.

Get instant access to all courses, challenges, boot camps, live classes, interactive and engaging classes, 1:1 support, and a friendly tight-knit community of like-minded learners to get you to Band 7+ .

IELTS academic writing task 1

Ielts bar chart model answer: coffee and tea drinking habits, ielts bar chart comparing coffee and tea drinking in 5 australian cities..

This bar chart is from an old IELTS practice book, Cambridge IELTS 15 , but it is a good example of a bar chart that does not show trends or dynamic data. This is static data over one main period (over 4 weeks) so in this case I need to compare by using comparatives and superlatives. I advise practicing static data tasks as these are common in IELTS academic writing task 1 and you may get one in the exam.

IELTS 18 writing task 1 bar chart model answer

Model answer for an ielts bar chart on usa household income..

Here is a tricky IELTS academic task that I wrote a model answer for from the Cambridge IELTS 18 book. As I mentioned in posts before, always use authentic material such as IELTS Cambridge books or British Council material when practicing because there is a lot of fake IELTS stuff on the internet.

This task was quite difficult to write about as I had to spend longer than usual analysing the bar chart and I needed to plan the report to make it as concise as possible.

Writing task 1: Process diagram about recycling aluminum

Model answer for a process diagram about recycling..

Updated: February 2023.

Process diagrams are some of the easiest tasks in IELTS Academic writing task 1 as you are logically explaining a process using sequencers and passive grammar. The data is static so there are no trends to report on, it is pretty straightforward with enough practice.

IELTS writing task 1: using prepositions accurately

How to use prepositions accurately in ielts writing task 1 academic..

Updated: January 2024

It’s very important to get prepositions right when describing charts and statistics. I often see mistakes with prepositions when I mark task 1 reports and this is a particular issue when describing dynamic data.

IELTS academic writing task 1: Table on consumer expenditure

Model answer and analysis of a table in ielts writing task 1..

Tables sometimes show up in IELTS academic writing task 1. In some cases, they are in a double task such as a pie chart and table or a bar graph and table. In this lesson, we have a table on its own with a lot of data. This is taken from Cambridge IELTS 7, page 30 , it is a popular example of a table for IELTS teachers.

Before writing anything you will need to analyse the task. Take around 4 minutes to plan, look at the categories, the countries, the year and the highest and lowest statistics. The grammar tense is important to get right too, you can see below that the table shows data from 2002, so I will write in the past tense.

IELTS writing task 1: Paraphrasing statistics

Paraphrasing percentages and statistics in ielts academic writing task 1..

Updated: June 2023.

One thing that can be challenging in IELTS writing task 1 academic is how to report on all the data in a chart or graph. Something that can help your vocabulary band score is using specific language, such as the language of approximation, proportion and fractions to paraphrase percentages.

IELTS line graph with a future a trend

Model answer for an ielts line graph with a future prediction..

Updated: October 2023

In this lesson I will look at a line graph from an old Cambridge IELTS book about US energy consumption by fuel type. As you can see, there is a date range from the past with predictions for the future. Always take around 2 minutes to analyse the task before writing anything. Give yourself 4 minutes in total to plan out what you will write.

This graph is from the old Cambridge IELTS 9 practice book. Only use authentic Cambridge IELTS material when practicing as there is a lot of fake IELTS material on the internet. You can get these books online such as Amazon.com. You can also download free practice tests from ielts.org or the British Council website.

Model Answer

The graph illustrates data from a 2008 report regarding energy consumption in the USA since 1980 with forecasts until 2030.

Overall, fossil fuels have shown increases in consumption since the start of the period with expectations for even more reliance on these fuel sources, whereas cleaner energy account for considerably less consumption with predictions for a similar trend.

Fossil fuels have seen steady increases in energy consumption since 1980. Petrol and oil started the period at 35 quadrillion units, fluctuated until 2000, and then climbed steadily with a prediction of over 45 quadrillion units by 2030. Coal followed a similar trend with expectations of around 30 quadrillion units by 2030. Natural gas usage demonstrated fluctuations and it is set to level off at approximately 24 quadrillion units from 2020 onwards.

Regarding cleaner energy fuel sources, they all began the period at under 5 quadrillion units and showed declines in their use, except nuclear, which climbed slightly to 6 quadrillion units in 2005 and is anticipated to reach about 10 quadrillion units. Solar and wind also expect to see slight increases. Hydropower is projected to remain relatively unchanged until 2030.

Remember that you should not report on every single bit of data. You need to be selective and cover the main trends. A word count of around 170 to 190 words would be enough for a well-developed answer. You do not get a higher band score for a very long answer. Keep it concise and clear.

Static and Dynamic data

• Static data means that the chart or graph displays one period of time .
• Dynamic data shows two or more periods of time and how trends change over a period of time.

For static charts, you need to use comparatives and superlatives, while for dynamic charts you mainly need trends language. Before you begin writing, always make sure that you first analyse the chart or graph to see if it is one time period or if the data is changing over time.

Take 2 minutes to analyse the graph or chart because If you use trends language for a static chart then you will lose marks for grammar.

Analysing the task

Rubric: On the vertical axis it shows energy consumption in units of a quadrillion. On the horizontal axis, it shows the date range from 1980 to 2030 (history and projections)

Paragraphing: I need a short paraphrased introduction, an overview, and 2 main body paragraphs. No conclusion is needed. Word count would be over 170 words for a fully developed answer (150 words minimum)

Trends: The graph shows dynamic data. This means that there are changes over time. Fossil fuels (coal, gas, oil) show the highest consumption with predicted increases, while cleaner energy (wind, hydro, solar, nuclear) has the lowest consumption and will remain relatively low.

Grouping the data: Straight away I can see that the best way to group the data would be in these two categories (fossil fuels and cleaner fuels) by grouping the data you will gain marks for coherence and cohesion.

Grammar: I will need to use the past tense/present perfect and language for future predictions.

Grammar for future trends:

To see a full lesson on grammar needed for future trends in IELTS academic writing task 1 click here

Click here for more details on grammar and vocabulary when describing trends in task 1.

Future simple (Will + base verb)

• will rise,  will decline,  will remain the same, will drop , will level off …etc

Future perfect (Will + have + past participle)

• will have risen,  will have dropped,  will have fallen by 20%, will have risen sharply, will have declined

The passive to express the future

• is /are expected to
• is/are set to
• is / are predicted to
• is / are anticipated to
• is /are likely to

Any questions?  Leave a comment below.

Writing task 1 vocabulary: ‘number, total, amount, figure, accounted for’, important ielts academic writing task 1 vocabulary..

Updated:  Aug 2022

To get a high score in IELTS writing task 1 academic you need to have a good range of grammar and vocabulary. In this lesson, we will look at specific vocabulary that can be used in various ways. The words are: number, total, comprised, the proportion of, amounted to, accounted for, period and figure.

Try the exercises at the end of the lesson to test your knowledge then click the green buttons to see the answers. The key to learning is practice, so think about how you can apply this vocabulary to your academic task 1 reports, especially for graphs and trends.

IELTS academic writing task 1: process diagram

Model answer for the production of electricity..

Updated: February 2024

In the last lesson about process diagrams, I looked at the grammar and vocabulary needed to write about them. Click here to see the grammar needed .   This type of task often appears in IELTS academic writing task 1, so I advise practicing this before the exam.

The passive voice is used when describing a process and you will also need sequencers to show the step by step process. The structure needed is: an introduction, an overview and 2 body paragraphs. Word count is 150 words minimum, aim for around 160 to 180 words.

IELTS bar chart with model nswer

Uk telephone calls bar chart with model answer and analysis..

Bar charts are quite common in IELTS academic writing task 1, so you need to be prepared in case you get one in your test. There are some things to be aware of, such as the correct structure to use, paraphrasing the introduction, a clear overview, and reporting on the data accurately.

In this lesson, I will look at a dynamic chart that shows changes over time. This bar chart is from the Cambridge IELTS 9 practice book (use only official IELTS material when practicing). I have given my model answer followed by an analysis.

Click the Pic

Academic Writing Task 1 Introduction: Paraphrase & Overview

Watch the video on how to write an introduction for Academic writing task 1. Essential information on how to paraphrase the diagram description with examples of a "basic" paraphrase and "more complex" sentences. The importance of including a clear overview in your answer and how to avoid a minimum score in the Task achievement criterion. 

Always begin your introduction with a paraphrase of the description (stated in the task) and title of the diagram.  Paraphrasing shows the examiner that you understand the task.

Paraphrasing is rewriting the description and diagram title using synonyms, changing the form of the word (verb to noun), changing the word order and using different structures but keeping the same meaning.

Do not copy the information and/or diagram title word for word as this will be deducted from your word count. You are allowed to copy proper nouns such as “London”.

A typical beginning for the introduction is  “The diagram/table shows”.   This is fine but for examples of more complex structures...

The table shows the number of medals the top ten countries won at the 2012 Olympic Games in London.

More Complex: Illustrated in the table is the number of medals the top ten countries gained at the 2012 Olympic Games which were held in London.

More Complex:

The number of medals gained by ten different countries at the 2012 Olympic Games which were held in London is depicted in the table.

Follow the link for more information on how to use synonyms and paraphrase. 

IELTS Vocabulary: Synonyms & Paraphrase

A clear overview is ESSENTIAL in your introduction and failure to include it will result in a band score of 5 for task achievement. 

An overview is a short summary of the information in the diagram and each diagram type requires a different overview.

An overview should not be confused with describing main features and should not include data from the diagram.

Always begin your overview with “Overall,” this shows the examiner you have included the overview. 

Overview Vs Conclusion. Don’t write a conclusion for Academic task 1. The overview and conclusion serve the same purpose, that is they both summarize the information in the diagram. So, including a conclusion is repeating the information in the overview. 

For sample introduction - p araphrase and overview for each task type, click on the link to sample answers.

Sample Answers Academic Writing Task 1

• Skip to main content

IELTS Podcast

Pass IELTS with expert help.

Paraphrasing in IELTS

In this tutorial, we examine an important IELTS skill for starting  IELTS writing  task 2: paraphrasing.

Firstly, let’s start by defining paraphrasing.

What is paraphrasing?

Paraphrasing is the expression of a phrase or sentence in another way.

For example, the sentence:

‘The school student listened attentively to the podcast’

can be paraphrased as:

‘The pupil listened very carefully to the digital audio file’

This technique is used frequently in the writing, reading and listening components of the  IELTS exam .

Why is paraphrasing important in IELTS writing task 2 ?

Paraphrasing in IELTS is important because it:

• helps you to focus on the main topic, using your own words
• provides you with the skill to develop an idea, reformulate a concept and offer variety in your writing style
• prevents redundancy and makes the sentence structure in the essay or written material more appealing to the reader

3 ways To paraphrase

In this tutorial, let’s review IELTS test paraphrasing techniques to apply in writing task 2 of the IELTS exam.

Most students think of paraphrasing only as meaning using synonyms, but there are different ways to paraphrase that don’t require changing the word. These include changing the word form, using the passive voice to change the phrase from active to passive, changing the sentence structure or using different clauses to change the verb form. Use as many of these techniques as you can to score higher on the IELTS test.

We’ll examine three principle paraphrasing strategies:

• Use of synonyms
• Verb transformation
• Sentence restructuring

Secondly, we will apply these techniques to examples of writing task 2 in the IELTS exam. Writing skills in this component of the exam include:

• giving an opinion
• discussing causes and suggesting solutions
• discussing arguments for or against an idea or situation
• discussing advantages and disadvantages

When you are sure you understand all three techniques, choose another IELTS test writing question and try to paraphrase it by yourself.

Strategy 1: use of synonyms

Let’s start with our first strategy: the use of synonyms.

• First, read and understand the question.
• Use a highlighter to highlight the keywords in the question.

Select synonyms to replace those keywords.

Let’s take an example. Read and understand the title of this writing task 2:

Unemployment is one of the most serious problems facing developed nations today. What are the advantages and/or disadvantages of reducing the working week to thirty-five hours?

This essay title asks the writer to provide the advantages and disadvantages of an idea or solution.

In your opening introduction, you should not immediately provide an opinion on the essay topic.

Instead, paraphrase two sentences, using our 3-step strategy.

First, read and understand the question:

Unemployment is one of the most serious problems for developed nations.

A 35-hour working week is a possible solution to unemployment.

Use a pen to highlight or underline the keywords in the question:

You can keep the same overall sentence structure and change keywords (making sure not to paraphrase a fixed expression without checking it carefully – for example, high unemployment cannot be changed to ‘high lack of jobs’ – it should be nationwide lack of jobs or a serious lack of jobs)

• unemployment = lack of jobs
• serious problems = grave issues
• developed nations = industrialized countries
• advantages and/or disadvantages = pros and/or cons
• working week = professional schedule

Strategy 2: verb transformation

Let’s take the same essay topic example and apply our second strategy to it: verb transformation.

In this strategy, we:

Highlight the key verbs

Select new verbs or synonyms OR transform the verb

• Facing = confronting
• Reducing = lessening

Many countries are faced with the problem of unemployment.

Unemployment, which many countries are facing, is a serious problem in the modern world.

Strategy 3: sentence restructuring

Let’s apply our third strategy to the same essay topic. Sentence restructuring is using a new sentence format, based on the writing skill. In this example, the writer is expected to explain the advantages and/or disadvantages of an idea.

What are the advantages and/or disadvantages of reducing the working week to thirty-five hours?

The sentence can be paraphrased as

Let’s examine the pros and/or cons of …

Let’s look at the pros and/or cons of …

Okay! Let’s now put our 3 strategies together to write sentences with our new synonyms to create an introduction:

Lack of jobs is indeed a grave issue confronting industrialised countries at this time. Let’s examine the pros and/or cons of lessening professional schedules to thirty-five hours.

IELTS Writing Task 2: How to write a good introduction

Tip 1: Review the question, classify it, and highlight the keywords.

Tip 2: Write brief ideas by brainstorming the topic.

Tip 3: Select the best and easiest to explain ideas.

Tip 4: Write a general statement by paraphrasing, followed by your position.

Tip 5: Explain how you plan to develop your essay. Review your introduction.

Let’s try it again – Another example of paraphrasing for IELTS writing task 2

Using the techniques above, let’s apply them to a different question, this time about computer games in schools.

Firstly, we’ll take an example of a common essay writing skill, discussing causes and suggesting solutions. Let’s look at the example and then, apply our 3-step paraphrasing strategy to write an introduction.

Nowadays, many schools are using computer games to teach lessons to many children inside and outside the classroom. What are the negative and positive effects of using computer games in education and what can be done to minimise the negative effects?

2. Use a highlighter to highlight the keywords in the question:

3. Select synonyms to replace those keywords.

• nowadays = in modern times
• schools = academic institutions
• computer games = electronic activities and exercises
• lessons = courses
• inside and outside the classroom = at school and at home
• negative and positive effects = good and bad impacts
• education = academic development

Using Strategy 2: verb transformation

1. highlight the key verbs.

Nowadays, many schools are using computer games to teach lessons to many children inside and outside the classroom. What are the negative and positive effects of using computer games on education and what can be done to minimize the negative effects?

2. Select new verbs or synonyms or transform the verb

using = employing

teach = instruct

can be done = solution

minimise = reduce

Using strategy 3: sentence restructuring

Let’s apply our third strategy to the same essay topic. Sentence restructuring is the skills of applying a new sentence format, based on the writing objective required. In this example, the writer is expected to  outline  both the negative and positive effects of using computer games on education. The sentence

What are the negative and positive effects of using computer games on education?

Can be restructured into an answer format:

In this essay, I will outline the bad and good impacts of employing electronic activities and exercises on academic development.

The second question

What can be done to minimize the negative effects?

can be transformed to:

I will also examine solutions to reducing the bad impacts of electronic activities.

Okay! We are now ready to put our introduction together, using our 3-step strategy:

In modern times, many academic institutions are employing electronic activities and exercises to instruct courses to children both at school and at home. In this essay, I will outline the bad and good impacts of employing electronic activities and exercises on academic development.

I will also examine solutions to reducing the bad impacts of these electronic activities.

Two extra strategies:

Change the word form: Unemployment is a noun, but you can change it to an adjective as an example of paraphrasing.

Unemployment is a serious problem – Change the word form of unemployment from a noun to an adjective: There are many unemployed people in some countries.

In this way, you can change verbs to nouns, nouns to adjectives and vice versa.

Use referencing.

This means using which, that, it – very useful when you can’t think of another synonym!

Unemployment is growing in many countries, and this issue is becoming a challenge for many governments.

There is always a way to paraphrase, whatever the question. With more practice, you will be able to identify the best way to paraphrase that sounds natural and appropriate.

Video: how to start IELTS task 2

Click this  link  to watch the video on Youtube. 

Subscribe to the  IELTS podcast Youtube channel . 

Audio tutorial about starting IELTS writing task 2

Podcast:  Play in new window  |  Download  | Spotify | Google Play / Podcasts | Apple Podcast || Stitcher | 

Subscribe:  Android  |  RSS  

19 sample IELTS essays and 240 task questions ebook

Additional IELTS resources:

Remember, paraphrasing is so important for both writing and speaking in IELTS. You can change the word using synonyms, change the form, change the verb/tense, change the voice from active to passive, or use referencing. and if you’re not sure, look at an example before you practice.

If you have your exam in a few months, then you may be interested in getting feedback for your essay writing, the best way is to find a professional essay correction service, or find a tutor.

If you struggle to start  IELTS writing task 2  (so many students have this problem!), or if you can’t find ideas for Task 2, then this  tutorial  will help. Take a look at some  IELTS writing task 2 questions  to help you prepare. Alternatively, you might be interested in boosting your lexical resource by upgrading your vocabulary, this page explains how to do just that.

35 IELTS writing phrases PDF (copy paste)

IELTS Writing Task 2 Introduction Strategy | IELTS Weekly Specials | Mother isn’t Murder Podcast | Ep.15 | March 15, 2024 Mother isn't Murder

Mother isn’t Murder Podcast Host: Adenike Babalola (IELTS Coach with 6+ years experience) Episode Title: IELTS Writing Task 2 Introduction Strategy | IELTS Weekly Specials | Mother isn’t Murder Podcast | Ep.15 | March 15, 2024 Your IELTS Writing Task 2 Introduction should have two main parts, and these things give your Essay a strong start. When you paraphrase or rewrite the question in your own words, you show that you truly understand the question. When you state your response and include a summary of your points in the introduction, you give the examiner a clear picture of what your IELTS Essay will entail. Listen to this episode to learn how different IELTS examiners write their introductions and how you can write yours so you can achieve your desired IELTS result. Enjoy your listening. Click here to master IELTS Writing Task 2 using my ebook with SEVEN (7) essay samples. Download and Watch the video version of the IELTS Practice on the podcast for free here. If you love learning about the IELTS test through podcasts, discover more IELTS podcasts on FeedSpot here. Mother isn’t Murder is among the top 20 IELTS Podcasts to achieve your desired IELTS test band score. Go here to learn more about my Online IELTS Training program. Share this podcast show, Mother isn't Murder, with someone you know is preparing for the IELTS Test. Follow, Rate, and review Mother isn't Murder on Spotify or Mother isn't Murder on Apple Podcasts. Support the showEmail me here: [email protected] Listen to more IELTS practice episodes: https://motherisntmurder.buzzsprout.com/ Support my podcast: https://www.buzzsprout.com/1832398/supporters/new

• More Episodes
• © 2024 Mother isn't Murder