essay about building management system

ICT Systems and Sustainability pp 167–176 Cite as

Review of Smart Building Management System

• Mona Tatari 12 ,
• Parul Agarwal   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-7297-335X 12 ,
• M. Afshar Alam   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-4677-711X 12 &
• Jawed Ahmed   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-8852-8234 12  
• Conference paper
• First Online: 04 January 2022

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 321))

Smart buildings, use information and communication technologies for automating the process of heating, ventilation, cooling, security, water and energy management, health of elderly, and thus aids in achieving energy efficiency. There is an urgent need for smart energy-saving buildings, and modifying the existing buildings so that they are able to use various automation systems and smart energy management systems in an effective manner. This paper provides extensive and systematic review of building management systems (BMS) which can be used to improve building energy consumption, achieve energy efficiency, and reduce maintenance and repair costs. In this paper, some studies would be analyzed to identify the technical advances that have laid the base for a better future. This paper also presents the challenges that confront the real-life scenarios and proposes a guideline for the proposed solutions. It can be concluded that various machine to machine and advanced technologies can enable a building to respond intelligently to achieve energy efficiency.

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Mona Tatari, Parul Agarwal, M. Afshar Alam & Jawed Ahmed

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Tatari, M., Agarwal, P., Alam, M.A., Ahmed, J. (2022). Review of Smart Building Management System. In: Tuba, M., Akashe, S., Joshi, A. (eds) ICT Systems and Sustainability. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 321. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5987-4_18

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Essay: Building Management Systems

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Building Management System is a system that controls and regulates the service and interior systems in a building. It is also referred to as Building Automation System or Direct Digital Control Systems.. Some services that it monitors are ventilation, lighting, heating, air conditioning and hydraulics. This system works by linking all the equipment and systems in the building to create an integrated system that is controlled by a network of computerized controllers. The controls will signal the equipment or system to adapt to the needs of the building and adjust to the desired settings. The most popular providers of Building Management Systems are: Cisco, Honeywell , Johnson Controls, Schneider Electric and United Technologies.

Basic Building Management System has essential components through which it controls a building. These components are:

Sensors: These include devices that are able to measure temperature, humidity, daylight, quantities of substances such as CO2, and even, it is able to measure room occupancy.

Controllers: These are the masterminds of the systems. They take the data collected from the building sensors and decide how the system will respond.

Output devices: These carry out the commands from the collector.

Communication protocols: These are protocols used to communicate to the controllers. It is almost a spoken language.

User interface: These include all the devices, such as screens or interfaces that the people use to interact with the building automation systems. The dashboard is where the building data is reported.

All the system components are hidden in the building, just as the wiring and plumbing are. They operate out of sight of the building’s occupants.

Some of the functions that a Building Management System can do are:

Setting up the lighting and HVAC systems to operate according to a certain schedule that makes those systems more intelligent and more efficient at the same time.

Optimizing the flow of incoming outside air to regulate the air freshness, temperature and comfort inside the building.

Telling you when a HVAC unit is running, either in cooling or heating, helping to reduce utility costs.

Identifying emergency situations, such as a fire breaks out. It will automatically turn off any facilities that could endanger the building’s occupants.

Detecting problems with the building’s facilities, and sends instant messages to the building’s facility manager.

Identifying entry and exit of building’s occupants to and from the building.

Turning a camera on and off. It is able to record any activity that is taking place in any particular place.

Types of Data a Building Management System collects:

A Building Management System has access to a wide range of sensor data, depending on the needs of the building and the systems installed. Temperature is one of the important information that is tracked, since it is a critical point for proper climate control. The indoor air quality is controlled to ensure the appropriate amount of external and internal air that is being exchanged. This exact same method is used to control humidity in the building structure.

When there is a problem with air quality or with the mechanical aspects of a building, the pressure and chemical sensor perform.

Motion is also data that is collected by the building management system. Alarms coming from many other parts of a building, such as power supplies, elevators or electronic doors. The data is passed along to the central controllers and sends information to all the devices to act according to their function.

A Building Management System is an excellent method to have centralized control of a building and its systems. Modern options provide some perceptions into the operations made in the building, from discovering issues in advance to optimize performance and get maximum quality of building interior systems.

Where it is used: Building Management Systems are usually installed in large offices as way to control and improve the quality of the working environment, while also reducing energy costs and consumption. Since technology has improved and become cheaper, even smaller buildings can utilize this system. For example, some homes have systems that can automatically shut off lights if a room is not being occupied, which is an example of a Building Management System.

Sustainability:

The implementation of a Building Management System can be very cost effective and sustainable. Since heating and cooling a is major factor that affects the annual cost an owner will pay for a building, this system regulates the amount of heating and cooling by controlling temperature. The system will detect areas that need to be altered and activates the necessary equipment to maintain a stable, safe and comfortable temperature in the building. This reduces the amount of energy consumption and saves money for the owner. Since the system reduces the waste of energy, LEED points and can be gained by utilizing this system.

Another sustainable aspect of this system is its influence on air quality and emissions. Building Management Systems allow for improved indoor air quality as well as reductions in emissions. Its technology allows it to control and monitor the air quality, while also using the necessary equipment or services efficiently. With healthier air quality, comes a better work environment and increased productivity of workers. According to the Advance Control Corporation, in relation to cost the use of Building Management Systems in a building can reduce the cost of equipment operating expenditures by 15%.  Another beneficial system that can be controlled by the Building Management System is the smoke evaluation system. This system detects the origin of the smoke and controls its movement, so as to prevent  it from spreading to other areas of the building. The system will alert all occupants and increases the overall safety of the occupants and building.

LEED Certification

A Building System Management that is well-designed and properly installed in a building can lead up to 48 points in the LEED rating systems. These system has the most impact on the Energy & Atmosphere (A&E) section of the LEED rating system. It is due to the control system that a building can achieve 22 to 26 points. The other components fulfill credits to reach up to 40 points, which is the minimum level for building certification, or even more.

Negative Aspects of BMS

While Building Management Systems have long term cost benefits, there is an issue of high initial costs. Since this systems needs data to be gathered and analyzed to function, it is very expensive. Acquiring data is expensive and requires sensors. The sensors are set to decrease in price, but according to Enertiv,this price change will not make a large difference in the cost of installing a Building Management System. The cost to install a Building Management System was as low as $2.50/sqft and as high as $7.00/sqft in 2014. Another slight disadvantage is that it must be configured perfectly. If there is a slight error in its configurations, the data will not be able to registered and utilized properly, thus defeating the purpose of this system.

As mentioned previously the cost to install a Building Management System is between $2.50 – $7.00 per square foot. This can create a large expense when considering the whole building and usually takes around 4 years or more  to get a return on investment.

Some factors that affect the cost are:

Area needed to be covered

Amount of sensors

Maintenance:

Building Management Systems need sufficient maintenance and testing to continue to function at its best capabilities and provide expected quality of results. If left unmaintained it will ruin and perform poorly. Along with the system not functioning at its best, the occupants will also be negatively affected and reduce their comfortability and productivity. All equipment should be reviewed regularly by the required specialist in a detailed manner to ensure the proper functioning of each component of the equipement.

Some maintenance techniques offered by Air Services are the following:

Tailored BEMS Maintenance Packages

Remote Monitoring and Bureau Services

Alarm Rationalising and re Transmission

Planned Preventative maintenance

Data Backup Support

National Reactive Works

System Integrity Checks

24 hour emergency service Plans

Technical Help Desk

Product support and Stock holding

Durability:

In terms of durability, the Building Automation System helps control the interior systems integration. All the interior components of the building can reach certain durability due to the control system that is constantly taking care of them, especially heating, ventilation, air condition and electricity.

Regarding the durability of the system itself, it might be a challenge. A decade or two after the installation, the technology used in the system may be out of date. Since technology is advancing every single year, there is new technology with better features that will come eventually, replacing the old system. Building managers are looking for new solutions to either update the system with a new technology, or an easy way to re-install another system easily. A new strategy must be a priority in order to address this eventuality.

Code requirements:

Building management systems must conform to Construction Specifications Institute requirements found: in section 23 09 23 Direct-Digital Control Systems for HVAC. Some of the requirements deal with:

The system used

The server hardware

The controllers

Method of server communication

The user interface

Installation, testing and protection

Building Management Systems in Canada

A Building Management System is located all across UBC campus in Vancouver, British Columbia. It is a modern university that has incorporated these system of computer-based controller in their campus. It is a critical component of UBC’s energy efficiency and conservation efforts.

The system primarily controls the HVAC equipment in order to maintain the temperature and air flow set points of most of the rooms throughout each building. They are controlled by sensors that allows these components to be modified. The Building Management System provides real-time conditions of the environment at UBC, therefore it is easier to control every single system and give instant feedback.

UBC has incorporated the control systems from merchants such as Siemens, Delta/ESC and Johnson Controls Inc. (JCI). The building management system network consists of approximately 4,700 Siemens controllers, 1,430 Delta/ESC controllers and 1,260 Johnson controllers.

it is true that adequating a huge quantity of controllers in a building could be costly, however the impact of it across the campuses, and the energy efficiency it provides by managing every system in every building, bring more environmental benefits to the whole UBC community. The number one priority is energy saving. Due to the systems, it is able to estimate building’s occupancy. Researchers use this information to only heat and cool rooms when they’re occupied. They are able to manage the amount energy delivered to each room and reduce the overall energy consumption on campus.

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CMMS and BMS: What You Need to Know

With the variety of building-related software out there and more popping up almost daily, do you find yourself wondering which one would be the best for your facility? Or, maybe you’ve done some research already and you’ve narrowed down the choices to a computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) or a building management system (BMS), and now you’re wondering which one to deploy. We’ve got good news for you.

Below, we present to you a concise appraisal of both resources. After reading this, it will be easy to understand what both of these tools can do for you.

Let’s start by clearing any confusion regarding what they both do.

A Building Management System (BMS) is a computerized control system that is designed to control and monitor the mechanical and electrical equipment in buildings. The equipment includes the lighting, power systems, fire fighting systems, ventilation, and security systems.

A Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) is designed for managing the maintenance tasks covering all the systems mentioned above and more. Its core strength is that it offers building managers complete control over available resources and workflow management for the maintenance unit. Using CMMS enables the safest and most efficient operation of any building.

CMMS and BMS: Similarities and Differences

From the above explanation, it’s clear that both systems are unique. However, both are valuable resources for building management with each one featuring some similar functionalities of the other.

With a BMS, building managers can easily understand how the major power-consuming systems in their facilities are operating based on the data being generated. It empowers them to control and adjust all connected systems to optimize their performance and help save energy.

In addition, BMS allows easy report generation, visualization of data, and it creates alerts to notify its users when established parameters in equipment are exceeded and failure is imminent.

Interestingly, a best-in-breed CMMS also allows its users to visualize the status of power-consuming systems (HVAC, lighting, etc.), but it does not control them directly. CMMS is a repository of all the information about a building’s maintenance operations and history. Therefore, it’s invaluable for generating a variety of reports and it provides a holistic solution for maintenance planning, for tracking maintenance workflow, and managing inventory.

Furthermore, some CMMS can be configured with predictive and condition monitoring capabilities to create equipment-failure warning alerts.

Integrating CMMS and BMS

BMS can be integrated with CMMS to provide superior performance monitoring and maintenance management. By doing this, you are in the best position to get the most efficient maintenance resources for your buildings.

That said, when deciding which brand of software to choose, it’s advisable to study details such as terms and conditions, rates, plans, capabilities, technology, support and more. In the case of CMMS, for instance, there are several choices in the market, so it may be tricky to decide which one offers the most benefits for your business.

As a rule of thumb, flexibility and scalability are key criteria for selecting a CMMS because maintenance requirements will typically differ slightly from one organization to the other. Fortunately, Axxerion offers you all the features that will complement and support your business growth such as:

• Work Order Management (WO)
• Mobile-enabled Capability
• Preventive Maintenance Planning (PM)
• Spare Parts Inventory Management
• Asset Management
• Report Generation
• Easy Integration with Other Units (e.g. HR/Payroll/Accounting)
• Cloud-based Support
• Condition-based and Predictive Maintenance Capability
• Project Management (PPM)
• Enterprise Asset Management (EAM)
• Quality Control
• Vendor Management

In Conclusion

Building maintenance costs money, but it doesn’t have to be unnecessarily stressful and wasteful as well. Choosing the right management systems could save your company significant revenue every year by optimizing asset and facility efficiency through technology. Request a demo today and get to see what we can do for you.

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Home > Buildings > Building Management > Why an open, connected BMS is critical to achieving your net-zero goals

Building Management

Why an open, connected BMS is critical to achieving your net-zero goals

July 15, 2022

4 min read |  Andre Marino

This audio was created using Microsoft Azure Speech Services

In this blog series, I focus on the importance of digitalization and connectivity in helping building owners and operators meet evolving sustainability and building health challenges. But first, allow me to introduce myself, which also offers a springboard to my first topic: achieving net-zero.

Previous to my new role as Senior Vice President of Digital Buildings for Schneider Electric, I spent several years in the world of industrial software and automation, including at Schneider Electric. I’ve helped our country organizations launch digital transformation solutions, including a partnership with AVEVA , where we are enabling our customers to achieve significant savings and be more efficient while supporting their sustainability goals.

My experience in industrial automation has confirmed the importance of open, connected, interoperable platforms to allow technologies to work together to solve the most challenging problems that organizations face daily. These characteristics are equally crucial for today’s buildings, with the challenge of achieving net-zero carbon as a prime example.

Connecting to net-zero

To keep global warming limited to 1.5°C, global emissions need to be reduced by 45% by 2030 and reach net-zero by 2050, as called for in the  Paris Agreement . As buildings generate nearly 40% of the world’s CO 2 emissions, owners and operators must find ways to achieve net-zero carbon as quickly as possible.

Schneider Electric believes that new and existing buildings need to immediately transition to all-electric and all-digital . This means converting all fossil-fuel-based loads – like heating – to more efficient electrical technologies. It also means using digitalization to enable the deeper insights and control needed to deliver sustainable, net-zero carbon buildings.

The challenge is making building data and automation work in a way that will help achieve these ambitious goals. This requires:

• Open systems that can talk to each other. When you truly integrate and connect systems that exchange information, you empower facility managers to make better decisions.
• Flexibility to adapt and respond to owners’ occupants’ and society’s needs both today and in the future.
• Unlocking the potential of available data.

Next-generation building management systems (BMS) meet these needs and create Buildings of the Future by offering more connectivity, interoperability, and intelligence. They help bring different systems and devices into a control center for building operations.

These integrated building systems:

• Leverage IoT connectivity to make valuable building data accessible, with visibility to how, where, and when energy is consumed.
• Offer advanced cloud-based analytics, including artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, to convert that data into actionable information accessible through any device, thanks to being designed for mobility.
• Are not closed systems. Achieving net-zero carbon goals will require greater inputs and interoperability to help you make the right decisions and act on them. A closed system can’t deliver everything you need.

In the past, companies often sought to de-risk their solutions by seeking single-vendor, end-to-end approaches. This can be bad for innovation – you may get 80% of what you need but miss out on 20% of inventive approaches. An open system approach allows multiple stakeholders to interact and create more robust, novel solutions. It also allows others to develop applications for the platform.

An open BMS is the connectivity backbone that orchestrates data from different systems, providing a smart hub of intelligence and control. For net-zero goals, it needs to expand beyond the confines of a traditional BMS. More specifically, it will need to extend beyond the building since offsetting your building’s energy consumption often requires integrating renewable energy generation such as solar panels, geothermal, wind turbines, etc.

Next-generation BMS solutions are available today. Let’s look at one from Schneider Electric.

Open and Future-Proof BMS

EcoStruxure Building Operation 2022, part of the EcoStruxure Building ecosystem, now offers new levels of flexibility and scalability, helping monitor, manage, and optimize traditionally siloed systems.

• In addition to HVAC, power, lighting, security, and fire systems, the platform also integrates EV charging stations, microgrids, and renewable energy sources.
• It can integrate with various smart, connected devices – such as IoT-enabled room sensors – to continuously gather insights on environmental comfort and occupant well-being.
• It offers API tools that enable continuous expansion of capabilities, from integrating elevators to Outlook schedules. Industry-leading cybersecurity ensures all of these connections and integrations are secure.
• The platform interprets data to help you drive sustainability, operational efficiency, and occupant comfort.
• Built-in tagging tools and standards make it easier to understand the data you already have and new sources you may soon need.
• And of course, industry-leading compliance and cybersecurity features help ensure resiliency and peace of mind

From big-picture views to zooming into granular details, your facility team will get full visibility and control over what is going on in your building today while adapting to tomorrow’s needs. Furthermore, our global channel of trained and certified EcoXpert™ partners apply their expertise to ensure systems are installed and perform as intended for maximum building performance and efficiency.

A great demonstration of this is inside the United Therapeutics building Unisphere .

It’s the largest net-zero commercial building in the U.S., and all aspects of the building operation are integrated through the Schneider Electric EcoStruxure platform. Using a combination of geo-exchange wells, heat pumps, and 3,000 solar panels, the building generates more power than it buys.

To learn more about three essential elements of a next-generation BMS, download our white paper .

Tags: BMS , building management system , Buildings of the Future , EcoStruxure Building , EcoStruxure Building Operation , net zero , net-zero buildings , Next-Generation BMS , sustainable buildings , white paper

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