assignment atoms and ions online lab

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2.16: Assignment—Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

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• Page ID 232992

To download a copy of the assignment, please click on the link Sample Questions .

As you work these matter and measurement problems, consider and explain:

• What type of question is it?
• How do you know what type of question it is?
• What information are you looking for?
• What information do they give?
• How will you go about solving this?
• Show how to solve the problem.
• Be able to answer for a different reaction, number, set of conditions, etc.

Sample Questions

• Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelengths?
• A line in the spectrum of atomic mercury has a wavelength of 254 nm. When mercury emits a photon of light at this wavelength, what is the frequency of the light?
• Consider an atom traveling at 1% of the speed of light. The de Broglie wavelength is found to be 1.46 × 10 –3 pm. Which element is this?
• What is the energy of a photon of blue light that has a wavelength of 453 nm?
• The hydrogen molecules they came from have the formula H 4 .
• We could observe more lines if we had a stronger prism.
• There are four electrons in an excited hydrogen atom.
• Only certain energies are allowed for the electron in a hydrogen atom.
• n = 4 to n = 3
• n = 4 to n = 2
• n = 4 to n = 1
• n = 3 to n = 2
• n = 2 to n = 1
• In the hydrogen spectrum, what is the wavelength of light associated with the n = 3 to n = 1 electron transition?
• Energy is emitted.
• Energy is absorbed.
• The electron loses energy.
• The electron gains energy.
• The electron cannot make this transition.
• It makes no attempt to explain why the negative electron does not eventually fall into the positive nucleus.
• It does not adequately predict the line spectrum of hydrogen.
• It does not adequately predict the ionization energy of the valence electron(s) for elements other than hydrogen.
• It does not adequately predict the ionization energy of the first energy level electrons for one-electron species for elements other than hydrogen.
• It shows the electrons to exist outside of the nucleus.
• The energy of the light emitted when a hydrogen electron goes from n = 2 to n = 1 is what fraction of its ground-state ionization energy?
• The emission spectrum of hydrogen contains a continuum of colors.
• Diffraction produces both constructive and destructive interference.
• All matter displays both particle and wavelike characteristics.
• Niels Bohr developed a quantum model for the hydrogen atom.
• The lowest possible energy state of a molecule or atom is called its ground state.
• A gamma ray of wavelength 1.00 × 10 –8 cm has enough energy to remove an electron from a hydrogen atom.
• space where electrons are unlikely to be found in an atom
• space which may contain electrons, protons, and/or neutrons
• the space in an atom where an electron is most likely to be found
• small, walled spheres that contain electrons
• a single space within an atom that contains all electrons of that atom
• How many f orbitals have the value n = 3?
• If n = 2, how many orbitals are possible?

• The electrons move along the outer surface of the p -orbital, similar to a “figure 8” type of movement.
• The electrons move within the two lobes of the p -orbital, but never beyond the outside surface of the orbital.
• The electrons are concentrated at the center (node) of the two lobes.
• The electrons are only moving in one lobe at any given time.
• The electron movement cannot be exactly determined.
• How many electrons in an atom can have the quantum numbers n = 3, l = 2?
• How many electrons can be contained in all of the orbitals with n = 4?
• n = 1, l = 1, m l = 0, m s = 1/2
• n = 3, l = 0, m l = 0, m s = -1/2
• n = 2, l = 1, m l = -1, m s = 1/2
• n = 4, l = 3, m l = -2, m s = -1/2
• n = 4, l = 2, m l = 0, m s = 1/2
• What is the electron configuration for the barium atom?
• What is the complete electron configuration of tin?
• The exact location of an electron can be determined if we know its energy.
• An electron in a 2 s orbital can have the same n , l , and ml quantum numbers as an electron in a 3 s orbital.
• Ni has two unpaired electrons in its 3 d orbitals.
• In the buildup of atoms, electrons occupy the 4 f orbitals before the 6 s orbitals.
• Only three quantum numbers are needed to uniquely describe an electron.
• What is the statement that “the lowest energy configuration for an atom is the one having the maximum number of unpaired electrons allowed by the Pauli principle in a particular set of degenerate orbitals” known as?
• An element with the electron configuration [Xe] 6 s 2 4 f 14 5 d 7 would belong to which class on the periodic table?
• Ti has __________ in its d orbitals.

[reveal-answer q=”137847″]Show Sample Answers[/reveal-answer] [hidden-answer a=”137847″]

• radio waves
• 1.18 × 10 15 s -1
• 4.39 × 10<sup-19 J
• 1.03 × 10 -7 m
• 1 s 2 2 s 2 2 p 6 3 s 2 3 p 6 4 s 2 3 d 10 4 p 6 5 s 2 4 d 10 5 p 2
• Hund’s rule
• transition elements
• two electrons

[/hidden-answer]

• Authored by : Jessica Garber. Provided by : Tidewater Community College. License : CC BY: Attribution

Module 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Assignment: atoms, molecules, and ions.

This assignment can be found in Google Docs:  Chemistry for Majors Assignment: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

To make your own copy to edit:

• If you want a Google Doc : in the file menu of the open document, click “Make a copy.” This will give you your own Google Doc to work from.
• If you want a PDF or Word file : in the file menu of the open document, click “Download” and select the file type you would like to have (note: depending on the file type you select, the formatting could get jumbled).

Instructions

As you work these problems, consider and explain:

• What type of question is it?
• How do you know what type of question it is?
• What information are you looking for?
• What information do they give?
• How will you go about solving this?
• Show how to solve the problem.
• Be able to answer for a different reaction, number, set of conditions, etc.
• NH 4 and NH 4 Cl
• ZnO 2 and ZnCl 2
• H 2 O and HCl
• NO and NO 2
• CH 4 and CO 2
• A sample of chemical X is found to contain 5.0 grams of oxygen, 10.0 grams of carbon, and 20.0 grams of nitrogen. The law of definite proportion would predict that a 70 gram sample of chemical X should contain how many grams of carbon?
• All atoms of the same element are identical.
• Compounds are combinations of different atoms.
• A chemical reaction changes the way atoms are grouped together.
• Atoms are indestructible.
• Who was the first scientist to show that atoms emit any negative particles?
• The Rutherford experiment proved the Thomson “plum-pudding” model of the atom to be essentially correct.
• The Rutherford experiment was useful in determining the nuclear charge on the atom.
• Millikan’s oil-drop experiment showed that the charge on any particle was a simple multiple of the charge on the electron.
• The electric discharge tube proved that electrons have a negative charge.
• All of the above experiments gave the results described.
• An atom is mostly empty space.
• Almost all of the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus.
• The protons and neutrons in the nucleus are very tightly packed.
• The number of protons and neutrons is always the same in the neutral atom.
• All of the above statements (A–D) are true.
• [latex]{}_{14}^{16}\text{C}[/latex]
• [latex]{}_{17}^{37}\text{Cl}[/latex]
• [latex]{}_{15}^{32}\text{P}[/latex]
• [latex]{}_{19}^{39}\text{K}[/latex]
• [latex]{}_{14}^{8}\text{N}[/latex]
• The element rhenium (Re) exists as two stable isotopes and 18 unstable isotopes. What does Rhenium-185 have in its nucleus?
• 20 protons and 20 neutrons
• 21 protons and 19 neutrons
• 22 neutrons and 18 protons
• 20 protons and 22 neutrons
• 21 protons and 20 neutrons
• How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does [latex]{}_{20}^{40}\text{Ca}^{2+}[/latex] have?
• How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in [latex]{}_{19}^{39}\text{K}^+[/latex]
• There is twice as much mass of hydrogen as oxygen in each molecule.
• There are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom per water molecule.
• There is twice as much mass of oxygen as hydrogen in each molecule.
• There are two oxygen atoms and one hydrogen atom per water molecule.
• None of these.
• K, alkali metal
• Ba, alkaline earth metal
• Ne, noble gas
• Ni, transition metal
• Calcium, Ca
• good conductors of heat
• often lustrous
• tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions
• cobalt(II) chloride
• magnesium oxide
• aluminum(III) oxide
• diphosphorus pentoxide
• All of the above names are correct
• iodine trichloride, ICl 3
• phosophorus pentoxide, P 2 O 5
• ammonia, NH 3
• sulfur hexafluoride, SF 6
• All of the above pairs are correct.
• How many oxygen atoms are there in one formula unit of Ca 2+ ?
• What is the correct name for FeO?
• What is the correct name for Ca 2+ ?
• What is the correct name for V 3+ ?
• What is the subscript of barium in the formula of barium sulfate?
• What is the formula for calcium bisulfate?
• Pb(NO 3 ) 2 , lead(II) nitrate
• NH 4 ClO 4 , ammonium perchlorate
• PO 4 3− , phosphate ion
• Mg(OH) 2 , magnesium hydroxide
• NO 3− , nitrite ion
• Authored by : Jessica Garber. Provided by : Tidewater Community College. License : CC BY: Attribution