financial literacy thesis philippines

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Financial Management Bachelor's Theses

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

Financial literacy and financial well-being: A mediation analysis of fintech services adoption among selected generation Z in Metro Manila , Justine Marie M. Abad, Domique John T. Hernandez, Nehemih D. Pabillon, and Arianne Mae M. Teves

The impact of CSR practices and reporting on firm performance: Evidence from selected ASEAN-5 banks , Sharina B. Ahmed, Dominique Margaret O. Co, Marby Christina Alyanna R. Macob, and Julianne Annika Y. Yu

The impact of green investments on Philippine energy firms’ financial performance: The moderating role of environmental policies , Byrne Joshua B. Al-ag, Jillian Beatrice Roselli T. Gaerlan, Sean Daron Magat Guintu, and Jameson A. Ng

Behavioral finance and market efficiency: The responsiveness of the Philippine market during the COVID-19 pandemic , Greisa Eguia Alano, Arhen Richmond Payumo Nuguid, and Kenneth Gabriel Sanvictores Rojas

Sustainable finance: An analysis of the ASEAN-4 universal banking sector's sustainable growth rate (SGR) and its risk factors , Bianca Elise S. Alejandrino, Armandeep K. Bhuller, Arnel Jorge N. Francisco II, and Jean Christian C. Peralta

The long memory effect in ASEAN-6 stock markets from 2006 to 2022: A rescaled range analysis , Tricia Q. Almandres, Sharmaine Rose G. Estor, Michaela Wencee S. Ng, and Audrey T. Reyes

An analysis of the effect and influence of macroeconomic factors on 10-year government bond Yields in the ASEAN-4 , Dan Joseph L. Andres, Ronnie-Lans T. Ayuyao, Nathan John N. Deypalan, and Jan Marcus C. Naguit

The effects of behavioral biases on investment decisions of Filipino millennials and generation Z: Moderating role of financial literacy , Liezl Katherine C. Ang, Jean Ashley A. Masanque, Johannah Mae C. Nacario, and Renna Mae M. Paguntalan

Panel regression analysis of the link between ESG indicators and financial performance in the energy and transportation Industry of ASEAN 5 countries: A sectoral perspective , Rafael Antonio C. Arellano, Skye Orin L. Libarnes, Meg Allen G. Maayo, Joaquin Francisco T. Sun, and Pedro Enrique S.A. Villamejor

Smart beta investing: A comparative study of fundamental accounting metrics and traditional market capitalization indices to measure the performance of the Philippine Stock Exchange , Miguel Benedicto Ramirez Argamosa, Faith Robles Del Rosario, Veronica Marielle Ferrer Delmo, and Miguel Antonio Rodriguez Merino II

The moderating effect of institutional quality on the relationship between financial inclusion and the profitability of commercial banks in selected ASEAN-5 countries: An analysis , Miguel Rene Q. Balboa, Timothy Karl R. Dela Torre, Alexandra Yzabella H. Lazaro, and Nishie S. Yao

The impacts of oil price shocks on the stock market index of the ASEAN-4 countries from January 2012 to October 2022: An analysis , Miguel Enrico V. Banzon, Beatriz Colleen S. Calimlim, Hesed Heindrick S. Cariño, and Siegfried Paolo B. Malabanan

Granger causality between stock market and selected macroeconomic indicators: Evidence from the Philippines , Kenneth Richard O. Bardullas, Vinzze Joseph T. Co, Aaron Henric P. Leung, and Alyzza Ariane J. Tadeo

Sustainable finance: The impact of selected green bonds on issuing firms' greenhouse gas emission (GHG) levels in selected ASEAN countries , Jomabelle C. Bautista, Mary Aubrey C. Calma, Ezekiel C. Camilo, and Krystell Abigail L. Tan

Can it walk the talk? Determining the validity of random walk hypothesis and technical analysis in the Philippine stock market , Hazel P. Bongolan, Bea Eliza A. Delos Reyes, Jenielle Joye T. Ho, and Cale Robert S. Rasco

Total factor productivity using Malmquist DEA on selected ASEAN-5 life insurers from 2007 to 2021: An analysis , John Allen C. Caballa, Riana Jade Y. Ng, Cherilyn G. Tan, and Jon Calvin C. Uy

The relationship between economic indicators and stock exchange index of ASEAN-4 countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand , Craig Jimver Mikael C. Camino, Micko Briel D. Del Pilar, Paul A. Fuentebella Jr., and Bryan Stephen A. Hong

Utilization of financial ratios in selected financial models to predict financial distress among food manufacturing companies in the Philippines , Simon Hongying G. Chen, Jelline C. Cheng, Lyka Mari C. Javier, and Janine F. Ong

Analyzing the causal effects of the major ASEAN-4 countries exchange rates against the Philippine peso on the volatility of the Philippine stock market returns , Richmond Ryan S. Chua, Yung Ching S. Shi, Willy W. Tang, and Rico J. Wu

Impact of mega-sporting events on the host countries’ stock market performance and economic growth: Evidenced from the Southeast Asian Games , Wendy Cai Chua, Se Jin Kaibigan Jeong, Catherine Ke Ke, and Michelle Chen Lin

An evaluation of logistic regression and random forest model as early warning system models for assessing an equity market crisis in ASEAN-5 + 3 countries , Allister James R. del Rosario, Anne Ysobel P. Guzman, Michelle O. Kohzai, and Jay Ruel B. Zape

A comparative analysis of the performance of machine learning models for predicting stock prices from the years 2012 to 2022: Evidence from the ASEAN 5 stock market indices , Sameer D. Dhanani, Hugh Leon B. Escaño, Jasmine L. Lim, and Isaiah Franz Dominique L. Pascual

Evaluating the volatility spillovers in the foreign exchange market during extreme events from 2007 to 2022 using the EGARCH model: Evidence from the ASEAN-5 countries , Helen L. Diaz, Jan Peter T. Ignacio, Melanie Grace V. Namol, and Abby Gail C. So

An analysis on the impact of crude oil prices and macroeconomic indicators on the ASEAN-5 stock market index: The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , Sophia Anne B. Gallardo, Jasmine F. Kau, Christelle Joy V. Remegio, and Jaylyn M. Vibar

An analysis of the relationship between stock prices and financial ratios of banks based on the ASEAN-4 , Rica Anne A. Ko, Clarea Felice C. Lim, and Stacey Elaine T. Yap

Determinants of property sector profitability: Empirical evidence from the selected publicly listed real estate companies in the ASEAN-5 , France Gabriel D. Palileo, Miguel Faustino O. Mallari, Paul John S. Sison, and Mary Angeleen V. Teodosio

Financial literacy and fintech adoption among millennials in Metro Manila, Philippines: An analysis , Alyanna Marie L. Toh, Stacey Eunice U. Lee, Jason W. Su, and Athena Micah B. De Guzman

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

Effects of volatilities on property sector indices of ASEAN-6 pre, during, and after the Global Financial Crisis and during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2006 to 2022 , Maria Charizza Acuña, Ernest Joseph Coronel, Margarita Lauren Cortez, and Nathalie Raika Julio

The impact of exchange rate volatility on the stock market index returns of select developed and developing Asian countries: An analysis , Alianne J. Alfonso, Mariela C. Cai, Erika Anne D. Jaurigue, and Sofia Eloisa U. Placino

Philippine financial institutions' counterparty default risk and stock price relationships: An analysis , Gerard Constantine Amano, Juwan Kenzie Gomez, Gilbert Angelo Juan, and Jan Michael Pioquinto

The effect of ESG activities on the financial performance of PSE listed companies during the COVID-19 pandemic—Evidence from the Philippines , Andrea Danielle S. Amil, Raizen Philippe M. King, Rondel Y. Ortiz, and Gweneth Allona Mikaela B. Te Tan

The impact of COVID-19 and specific control indicators on the performance of selected universal banks in the Philippines , Keana Aedrielle Modesto Ang, Bea Alexis Gotay Lim, Issey Miuccia Domminiq Uy Tan, and Jenny Huang Zhang

A study on the determinants of dividend payout policy: Evidence from the ASEAN-5 countries , Princess Askha Intal Artates, Mary Coshey Israel Dabatos, Claire Aimy Padilla Sendin, and Reynalyn Del Mundo Tenorio

Forecasting value-at-risk during crises in select ASEAN stock market indices through GARCH-EVT models , Janelle Fatima A. Balmaceda, Maxim Anthonnae M. Miranda, Mary Haniel Joy M. Parba, and Patricia Anne M. Zapanta

The relationship of the daily number of COVID-19 cases, lockdown classifications in the National Capital Region, and Philippine stock returns: An analysis , Beatrice Q. Bañagale, Dazle M. Edralin, Joaquin Pierre T. Guinto, and Isabelle Rhein D. Rivera

Financial development in the ASEAN 8: Impact of foreign direct investment and institutional quality , Katherine Marie F. Batto, Julie T. Caguioa, Sophia L. Cruz, and Sofia Julia S. Uy

The rise of fintech in the Philippines: A study on the impact of digital finance and demographics on financial inclusion and its effect on economic growth , Sofia Angeli M. Bobier, Gillian Clare O. Carbonilla, Alessandra Rayne L. Mallari, and Erika Marie D. Moleno

Investigating the long-term co-movement and spillover effects of the stock markets between the United States and the ASEAN-5 countries for the periods up to and after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic , James Paul Misa Calub, Stephanie Joyce Chua Chan, and Elisa Kyle Agulto Lim

The effect of credit and liquidity risk management practices on the profitability ratios of selected Philippine thrift banks , Renee Ysobelle S. Canlas, Jerlene E. Coronado, Joana Raquel S. Gianan, and Stephanie Mae C. Hu

A relationship between world oil prices and Philippine mining and oil sector index: A comparative study of multivariate GARCH approaches , Errol Stephen Santos Chan, Justin Matthew Carrasco Hou, Mychael John Llamado Ong, and Marcus Adrian Garyth Ejercito Tan

Evaluating the impact of competition on the profitability and the stability of the commercial banking sector: A case of selected Asian countries (2008-2020) , Gianina Jewel Paredes Chan, John Matthew Menco Chua, Jeanne Marie Lim Si, and Christian Rosales Sy

Examining financial performance of ASEAN REITs from 2020-2022 , Lorenz Dominick Santos Chon, Martin Clifford King Ornido, Bryce Harvey Angsanto Tan, and John Henderson Co Tan

An analysis on the total factor productivity of selected commercial banks in the ASEAN-5 countries using Malmquist-DEA analysis from 2006-2020 , Kervin T. Chua, Maria Jeanette C. Mallari, Joacquin Carlo A. Navales, and Chelsea Ann A. Yu

The impact of human development in the ASEAN 5 countries on financial inclusion (2015-2019): An analysis , Danica Deryll C. Condes, Justin Nicholas D. Nocum, and Kenneth C. Sevilla

Behavioral biases and demographic factors influencing Filipino’s investment decision during the COVID-19 pandemic: An empirical study , Chevy Louise G. De Guzman, Pierre Angelo A. Lopez, Alley Jill Q. Ocampo Tan, and Jannah Andre A. Seville

Relationship of information and communication technology (ICT) and stock market development (SMD): Empirical evidence using a panel of ASEAN-6 and East Asian-3 countries , Erica Jillian Allison S. Dela Cruz, Huihuang Shi, Edward Spencer D. Tan, and Micah Lovell V. Tan

Analysis of the impact of selected financial ratios and macroeconomic factors on share price: Empirical evidence from selected emerging ASEAN countries mining and oil sector , Marielle C. Dela Cruz, Kieza Francesca C. Garra, Samantha Rose V. Pontines, and Serin Hanbyeol A. You

Will the renminbi emerge as a safe-haven currency? Evidence from the tiger cub economies’ stock market volatility from 2016 to 2021 , Paolo Manuel D. Delfin, Kay Lin Ding, Hana Juniela N. Sebe, and Sofia Nicole C. Villanueva

Financial integration in ASEAN emerging markets: The relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock index performance from 2011 to 2020 , Loren Margaret Malabanan Dizon, Mico Angelo Pasion Magturo, Maria Nicole Sebastian Molina, and Rainiele Clarice Galaura San Juan

A comparative analysis of the risk-adjusted performance of Philippine active and passive equity funds before and during the COVID-19 pandemic , Luisa L. Dizon, Irvin Avery F. Ng, Audrey Nicole F. See, and Lance Spencer T. Yu

Information and communication technology (ICT), economic indicators, and banking sector indicators: Its impact on the ASEAN-5 countries' banking sector performance: An analysis , Piero Antonio D. Dominguez, Samantha Colleen M. Francisco, and Maria Regina T. Ignacio

Influence of digital finance accessibility on financial inclusion and bank stability: Evidence from the ASEAN , Jameson Esparas and Faustine Angela B. Zipagan

A study on Filipino investors and their intention to invest in mutual funds in the Philippines , Jaan Alexander Lacap Gana, Mauro Ramon Campos Lacson, Dheeraj Motiani, and Yu-jin Dacula Nam

A comparative study on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and exchange rate on the stock market returns of the Philippines and Thailand , Jan Gavin Santos Go, Bea Jilian Banaag Llana, Reignard Alric Chong Uy, and Aaron Elian Lardizabal Yaneza

The significance of microfinance to Pototan rice farmers in the Philippines: An analysis , Mikaela Luis A. Gutierrez and John Dominic D. Hechanova

Comparative analysis of top cryptocurrencies to other financial markets , Chadwick Wayne G. Ilagan, Stephen C. Ong, and Juanito P. Valdecantos IV

The impact of sustainability reporting on corporate financial performance: A multilevel modelling approach using evidence from publicly listed companies in the Philippines , Julienne Elisha Q. Juan, David Joshua T. Marin, John Raymond D. Reyes, and Shaila Kimberly U. Sy

A comparative assessment of Benjamin Graham's stock selection criteria as quantitative investment strategy in ASEAN-5 markets post global financial crisis: An examination of the defensive and enterprising investor approach , Geoffrey James O. Lim, Jose Rafael M. Malamug, and Ethen Aldrich P. Panugayan

The effects of the adoption of blockchain technology on selected ASEAN banks’ stock performance: An event study , Angelo Gabriel G. Lopez, Joachim Santino G. Palacios, Romualdo Anton T. Rosas, and Samantha T. Santos

The effect of fintech on the efficiency of selected Philippine universal banks using DEA from 2010 to 2019 , Sarah Frances O. Ludo, Joaquin Vicente C. Sese, Leah Beatrice S.D. Tagabucba, and Regine Elixhea S. Torres

An assessment of risk management's mediating effect on financial innovation and bank's performance: A study of selected ASEAN-5 listed commercial banks from 2018-2020 , Raphael Gerardo Nisce, Louise Kate R. Ramirez, and Kataaki M. Watanabe

The effect of selected financial ratios and macroeconomic factors on stock price: A study of Bursa Malaysia Berhad's listed energy companies from 2015 to 2019 , Rexwin Anthony Osida, Joanne Chelsea B. Pecson, and Miguel Benedicto C. Tupas

Efficiency, financial performance, and stock returns of the food and beverage industry: A study on the ASEAN 5 , Jan Dominique O. Tan, Hanns Dominic W. Chen, Christian Lance L. Haw, and Queenie Yvette S. Shi

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

A comparative study: Underpricing and long-run performance of initial public offerings in Singapore Exchange and Bursa Malaysia from 2007-2016 , Ann Nicole Louise L. Ang, Alexa May B. Domingo, Paula M. Maniulit, and Ysabel T. Maniulit

Women empowerment through microfinance: Twenty year historical data analysis of selected microfinance institutions in NCR and CALABARZON , Bianca Erica D. Bala, Cristina Mae Y. Chu, Paolo Tristan L. Chu, and Dustinmico S. Wee

The relationship of stock returns with systematic risk in the ASEAN-5 Region: A panel data approach analysis of the relationship prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic , Wren Angelo Encarnacion Banaag, Maxinne Vaughn Julia Catoto De Guzman, and Kassandra Mari Banawa Luces

The impact of financial literacy, attitude, and behavior on financial well-being among Metro Manila residents , Erika Shaine Chong Bana Lim, Domingo Maria Carmona Garcia IV, Joiecel Labung Tan, and Alyssa Janine Hong Yao

The effect of the coronavirus (COVID-19) on the optimal portfolio composition of select industry sectors in the Philippines , Laxmir Roselle Magpantay Biacora, Ida Augusta Ramos Lim, Marc Ivan Pagtama Lanuza, and Denise Nicole Pimentel Lim

Cardinality-constrained approach: Small portfolios breakthrough in the Philippine market from January 2015 to December 2019 , Judely Ann Calipusan Cabador, Clarissa Lingat Calo-oy, Krisma Allu Gapasin Duldulao, and Juliene Faye Palmares Zamora

Empirical analysis: Application of specific GARCH models in examining stock market volatility , Adrianne Nicole J. Canonizado, Charles Lawrence L. Chua, Jon Pryce Y. Go, and Jackie C. Yu

The relationship between financial literacy and fraud detection between generation X and Y Filipinos in Metro Manila, Philippines , Elijah Climaco Castañeda, Eric Paul Mariano, and Mark Ildefonso M. Zurbano III

Evaluating early warning systems for currency crisis in select emerging ASEAN economies , Mikhaela Kristine R. Chan, Berndhart S. Co, Mary Khristine P. Juan, and Erryl Ron M. Lacanlale

A PLS-structural equation modelling of the role of financial inclusion, financial technology, financial stability, and bank competition on economic growth in ASEAN , Lou Marie Princess Dimalibot Chua, Richelyn May Pantig Chua, Kim Borja Fernandez, and Ericka Christian Ando Javate

A panel analysis of Philippine banks’ loan portfolio quality in relation to their bank lending rates, bank performance, and key accounts , Antonio Miguel Tayag Coronel, Lorenzo Jose Morales Prieto, Zach Gabriel Server Rapanot, and Xavier Maria Castro Roxas

An analysis on the effect of demographic characteristics and e-money usage towards bank account ownership in the Philippines , Miguel Carlos S. De Guzman, Zores Miguel A. Declaro, Vincent Thomas F. Garcia, and Dana Erika E. Julaton

A comparative analysis of the inflation hedging properties of gold, stocks, corporate bonds, and foreign currency in the Philippines from years 2011-2019 , Ma. Danielle Kyle L. de Jesus, Eduardo Wolfgang U. Gargarita, Dessa Fay A. Isubol, and Eira Jasmine H. Javaluyas

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on revenue diversification of selected banks in the ASEAN 5 countries , Alma Grace De Vera, Adrian Keith Deparene, Regina Sofia Ong, and Jonas Marvin Villar

Examining the impacts of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations on millennials and generation Z’s investment attitudes and behaviors , Micaella Danielle Go, Mary Agnes Alita Grino, and Tyrone Kyle Jambalos

Behavioral factors influencing retail investors’ decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study on the Philippine stock exchange , Justin Martin Meneses Jacaria, Ma. Isabel Anacleta San Jose Paredes, Matthew Jeremy Sacdalan Quismorio, and Gonzalo Philip Centennial Caligagan Exconde

Value investing and technical analysis in the Philippine Stock Exchange, investing in the five different sectors after the financial crisis of 2008 from the years 2010-2019 , Mathew Luis L. Marzan, James Ryan A. Sese, and Bryan Michael C. Yap

An analysis of the relationship between financial performance of Microfinance Institutions and the Sustainable Development Goals , Samuel Villacruz, Dallin Torio, Jing-Jing Go, and Carolyn Tan

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

The effect of ASEAN-4 stock market volatility on the Japanese yen as a safe haven asset from 2003 to 2019 , Angela Angie Wu Chen, Kymberlin Rae Chan Cua, and Shiela Camille Chua Lao

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Home ⇛ harvest ⇛ vol. 16 no. 1 (2020), the financial literacy of baliuag university college of business administration and accounting students: its impact on financial attitudes and practices.

Sammy Isidro P. Pagaduan

Being financially literate is a big challenge among many Filipinos. The Philippines ranked second lowest among ASEAN countries in a survey on financial literacy (Mendez, 2015). Thus, this study aims to measure the influence of financial literacy in terms of students' attitudes and practices in handling their personal finances. It was conducted among eighty-three (83) respondents from the College of Business Administration and Accountancy (CBAA) of Baliuag University. A self-report questionnaire was administered to measure their knowledge and familiarity with financial concepts, as well as their attitudes and practices in handling personal finances. To test the hypotheses stating that financial literacy does not significantly predict financial attitudes and financial practices, two separate simple linear regressions were run using financial behaviors under two categories financial attitudes and financial practices as criterion variables. Findings of the study indicate moderate levels on measures of financial literacy, financial attitudes, and financial practices. The predictive impact of financial literacy on financial attitudes was found to have a significant result. Financial literacy strongly influences attitudes pertaining to managing one's finances.

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ISSN 2350-8094 (Online)

ISSN 1655-1451 (Print)

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Department of Finance

The Philippines’ Financial Literacy Program

• Post published: May 6, 2016
• Post category: Media Features / News

Presentation made by Undersecretary Gil Beltran at the 10th Financial Literacy Summit, 20 April 2016

Financial literacy is the most important component of the Philippines financial inclusion policy. The Philippine financial literacy program is comprehensive; it covers all sectors from policymakers, regulators, microfinance providers down to the clients. It is a continuing activity for many government institutions.

When the Philippine Department of Finance launched its Microfinance Program in 1995 and Microinsurance Program in 2010, we involved all stakeholders and invited their representatives to nationwide meetings in all 16 regions of the country to contribute to the details of the program. We had the legislators, regulators, microfinance and microinsurance providers and their federations, retail outlets, practitioners and clients in the discussions.

First, we formulated a national strategy, consulting stakeholders every step of the way and then launched the strategy along with the issuance of regulations and memoranda of agreement for coordinated policies and programs.

Thus, 18 years after the launch of the Microfinance Program, we had 10 million microborrowers and 5 years after the launch of the Microinsurance Program, microinsurance products covered 37.6 million lives, 37% of the total population.

Indeed, the financial literacy program should cover everyone, all from ages 5 to 100. We have financial education in the schools, lectures for overseas Filipino workers who, as a group, remit US$28 billion annually, and lectures on financial market for young people who make up 1.3 million employees of the BPO (Business process outsourcing) sector who, as a group, generate about US$25 million in revenues annually.

To many sectors, technology has enlarged access to financial services. Mobile phones, ATM cards and computer gadgets can now enable transactions between great distances at low cost. Web sites now educate the public on the budgets and actual expenditures of government institutions, provide credit information on micro- and small-scale enterprises to prospective lenders (through the Credit Information Corporation) and prioritize the liens on real estate and movable collaterals used to secure loans (through the Land Registration Authority’s collateral registry).

Financial literacy should include a listing of financial (stocks, bonds, insurance and mutual funds) products available in the market because these should compete on equal footing with consumer products for the investor’s money.

If the financial literacy program succeeds, financial stability is enhanced because stakeholders make rational decisions and manage their funds and businesses well. They are also protected from fraudulent transactions and dubious deals. Regulators, with the assistance of local governments, can check on the activities of regulated entities. Clients who are well informed of their rights can access the alternative dispute mechanisms offered by regulators to settle complaints.

Financial stability, in turn, fuels economic growth. Using the 50.8% gross savings-GDP average of the Philippines from 2005 to 2015 as a benchmark (World Bank data), a 10% improvement in the efficiency of financial management could boost the country’s GDP growth by 5 percentage points.

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Financial Literacy of Teachers and School Heads in the Division of Marinduque: Basis for Financial Education Enhancement Program

2023, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal

The teaching profession is known to be one of the less-paid professions in the Philippines. Teachers who have plenty of work and responsibilities become even more challenged on how they will effectively and efficiently divide and utilize their remaining salaries for their needs and their families as a whole. In this case, an enhancement program should have been designed and implemented to help and guide teachers and administrators in managing their finances well. Thus, this thesis entitled: Financial Literacy of Teachers and School Heads in the Division of Marinduque: Basis for Financial Enhancement Program.Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions: (1) What is the level of financial literacy of teachers and school heads in the division of Marinduque?; (2) Are there any significant differences in the level of financial literacy between teachers and school heads in the division of Marinduque?; (3) How teachers and school heads in the division of Marinduque are categorized in terms of their level of financial literacy?; (4) What Enhancement Training Program could be designed to develop and improve financial literacy among teachers and school heads in the division of Marinduque? The researcher used quantitative, descriptive, and comparative research methods to gather information about the conditions and situations of the variables for the investigation through the mean score, mean percentage score, standard deviation, and t-test for independent sample analysis. Based the data gathered in terms of the problem, the following are the significant findings:The level of financial literacy of teachers and school heads are both low, with a mean score 0f 2.36 and 2.38 and a standard deviation of 0.61 and 0.63, respectively.Moreover, this study revealed no significant difference between the level of financial literacy between teachers and school heads at 0.01 level of significance. Hence, the null hypothesis is accepted.Furthermore, from the 267 teacher respondents, only 78 or 29.21 percent are classified as having a high level of financial literacy as they are both high on financial knowledge and financial behavior. On the other hand, out of 44 school heads, only 20 or 45.45 percent is considered as high on both components of financial literacy.In line with the results, teachers and school heads also suggested and recommended some concerns regarding the focus of this study, such as the conduct of financial training, seminars, programs, workshops, and orientations, increase and provisions on the salary of teachers, and consultation and assessment of teachers' financial literacy.Based on the preceding discussions, assessment, and findings of this study, the researcher, as his contribution, designed a program as a form of training for teachers and school heads that could be incorporated in the Learning Action Cell (LAC) program of each school in the division. Moreover, the following recommendations were formulated.For DepEd officialsprogram heads, may design or craft training programs that will help and enhance teachers' and school head financial knowledge and financial behavior on the different dimensions of financial literacy. Also, they may conduct these training, seminar, workshop, and orientation programs on a consistently so that school heads and teachers, especially the newly-hired ones, are already aware and equipped with the concepts and best practices of financial aspects as they enter the Department.Teachers and school heads, they may adapt and practice the suggested formula or rule of income allocation of a known financial adviser or devise and make use of their strategy for managing your finances well.For future researchers, similar studies may also be conducted to assess the personal financial management of teachers, school heads, and any other officials of the Department.

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IJMRAP Editor

Being one of the most influential people in our society, teachers who are dutifully mandated to improve students academically are also expected to impact many aspects of people's lives, such as becoming financially literate. However, Teachers are said to lack financial literacy. This is the very premise of the conduct of this study. This Quantitative Research employed a Descriptive-Correlational Research Design. It involved 153 elementary teachers in Narra del Norte District, Palawan. The respondents were selected using a simple random sampling technique. A self-completed questionnaire was used to collect the needed data. The results showed that teachers' level of financial literacy is moderate. More so, it revealed that the most substantial influence on teachers' financial condition came from the costs associated with reporting to and performing their professional duties. There is a moderate relationship between the teachers' financial literacy level and the factors affecting their finances. There is an association between financial literacy level and demographic profileposition and attendance to financial literacy training. While teachers' reactions to the positive financial literacy indicators that might be summed up as financial knowledge were highly translated, their responses to the negative signs were somewhat in the reverse direction. This would imply that their literacy levels were lower than they first appeared to be. Furthermore, teachers' financial literacy is affected by or vice versa by the same things that affect their finances. Moreover, the teachers' position and participation in financial literacy training may raise their level of financial literacy. However, their sex, marital status, number of dependents, pay, and other sources of money may not necessarily have an impact.

International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences

International Journal of Research Publications

Janice U Y Nalaza - Costuna

This study aimed to determine the level of financial literacy and capability of teachers in terms of budgeting, saving, investing, and spending; to find the significant relationship between the financial literacy and capability of the teachers and to identify which of the moderating variables influenced singly or in combination the financial capability. The study utilized the descriptive correlational research design and an adopted questionnaire of Paceno and Laganhon (2022) to gather the necessary data to answer the specific questions of the study. Purposive universal sampling was employed to determine the teachers as respondents from North 1 District of Gingoog City Division, School Year 2022-2023. Mean and SD were used to determine the level of financial literacy and capability. Pearson Products Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to find the significant relationship and multiple linear regression was used to determine the moderating variables that influenced singly and in combination with the financial capability of teachers. Results revealed that the level of Financial Literacy in terms of Spending is Very Highly Observed, in terms of Budgeting, Saving, Investing, and Spending were Highly Observed. Moreover, the teachers’ Financial Literacy and Capability level in terms of Budgeting, Saving, and Investing show a Strong Positive Correlation. A Moderate Positive Correlation in terms of Financial Literacy on Spending. It can be concluded that the teachers of North 1 District are Financially Literate and Capable. It can be recommended that having a family structure and a spouse having a career or work, teachers will have better financial capability. Keywords: Financial Literacy, Financial Capability, Money Management

Journal of Management, Economics, and Industrial Organization

Cyrus P Casingal

To be fully equipped with knowledge and understanding about the basic concept of financial literacy is important. It gives individuals an advantage on carefully and properly managing their financial budget. The present study used mixed method, particularly convergent parallel mixed method. In this method, the researchers combined both qualitative and quantitative research techniques. In the survey, respondents answered questions through interviews and questionnaires. Focus group discussion sessions also contributed in gathering the data. For the instruments to be both reliable and valid, questions were constructed and validated by experts. The collected data analyzed the financial understanding of the public-school teachers. It particularly revolved around the financial literacy status of public-school teachers. There are two major concerns that public school teachers face about their current financial status and challenges. First, they are not satisfied with their current financial...

Arjay Tilan

Siddhartha Journal of Academics

Ujjwal Adhikari

This research intends to investigate how financial literacy affects the financial behavior of schoollevel teachers in Kapilvastu district. This context for research has been generated to answer whether the literacy is ultimate cause of financial practice behavior. Primary data-based descriptive research through close-ended structured questionnaire data was collected among school-level teachers in Kapilvastu, Nepal. The regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables. The relationship between financial literacy and financial behavior is significant. This paper showed that financial literacy acts as the cause of financial behavior. The study provided the proper ideas to policymakers on the extension of financial literacy via schoollevel curriculum.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)

Nathaniel Gido

İlköğretim Online

Social Science Research Network

Wouter Schelfhout

Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal

Psychology and Education

This study aimed to determine the personal financial management practices and lived experiences of teachers in the Third Congressional District of Quezon. Data were gathered using a research-made questionnaire to determine the financial management practices of the 375 teacher-respondents, identified through purposive sampling, and the interview was conducted to determine their lived personal financial experiences. SPSS statistical measurements such as frequency, percentage, and mean were utilized to measure and interpret the study's findings. The findings revealed that public elementary school teachers more often practiced budgeting, borrowing, and investing while they often practiced saving. The results imply that knowledge in managing their finances was low in saving, that for many, regularly saving is not a habit, and that its underlying cause does not have enough excess money after expenses. These indicate that teachers are unaware of the importance of saving money, for their short-term or longterm goals. Their inability to manage their money forced many of them into a situation where they could hardly save money for future use. In terms of investing, their lack of awareness and understanding of these financial instruments is limiting their potential to acquire passive income, build up wealth, and secure a comfortable retirement life in the future. The results of the study revealed that there is no significant difference in the personal financial management of teachers when grouped according to sex, teaching position, and income. On the other hand, there is a significant difference between the personal financial management practices of teachers when grouped according to age, civil status, length of service, and assets. The findings of this research suggest that the public school teacher's respondents need to enhance their personal financial management practices in budgeting, saving, investing, and borrowing. Furthermore, the results of the interview revealed that the majority of them have unstable finances that lead to experiencing financial crises most of the time because of emergencies and unforeseen financial situations. The majority say that budgeting is the most effective way to remedy the shortage in finances, and they cannot save a fixed amount of money because of a shortage of income. Financial planning is also essential for most of them, although there are instances the majority of them file for loans because of unexpected expenditures which are out of their control. They believe that the best way to cope with loans is to establish a business to gain extra income and avoid filing for loans. In line with the findings and conclusions obtained from the study, it is recommended that financial literacy programs through trainings and seminars for teachers may be provided to help widen their knowledge in their financial management and for them to manage their finances according to their priorities.

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