educational requirements for master's degree

What Does It Take to Earn a Master's Degree?

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Most college students who seek a graduate degree have a master's degree in mind. What is a master’s degree and what does it entail? Although your college professors probably hold doctoral degrees and they may suggest that you apply to  doctoral programs , recognize there are many more master’s degrees awarded each year than doctoral.

Why Students Pursue a Master’s Degree

Many seek master’s degrees to advance in their fields and to earn raises. Others seek master’s degrees to change career fields . For example, let’s say that you’ve earned a bachelor’s degree in English, but have decided that you want to become a counselor: complete a master’s degree in counseling . A master’s degree will allow you to develop expertise in a new area and enter a new career.

It Takes About Two Years

Typically, earning a master's degree takes about two years beyond the bachelor’s degree, but those additional two years open the door to many career opportunities that are personally, professionally, and financially fulfilling. The most common master’s degrees are the master of arts (MA) and master of science (MS). Note that whether you earn an MA or MS depends more on the school you attend than the academic requirements fulfilled; the two are different only in name — not in educational requirements or status. Master’s degrees are offered in a variety of fields (e.g., psychology, mathematics, biology, etc.), just as bachelor’s degrees are offered in many fields. Some fields have special degrees, like the MSW for social work and the MBA for business.

Requires a Higher Level of Analysis

Master’s degree programs tend to be course-based, similar to your undergraduate classes. However, the classes are usually conducted as seminars, with a great deal of discussion. The professors tend to expect a higher level of analysis in master’s classes than undergraduate classes.

Applied programs, such as those in  clinical and counseling psychology, and social work , also require field hours. Students complete supervised applied experiences in which they learn how to apply the principles of their discipline.

Thesis, Research Paper, or Comprehensive Exam

Most master’s degree programs require students to complete a master’s thesis or an extended research paper. Depending on the field, your master’s thesis may entail conducting a thorough analysis of the literature or a scientific experiment. Some master’s programs offer alternatives to the master’s thesis, such as written comprehensive exams or other written projects that are less rigorous than theses.

In short, there are a great many opportunities for graduate study at the master's level and there is both consistency and variety in programs. All require some coursework, but programs vary as to whether applied experiences, theses, and comprehensive exams are required.

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How to Get a Master's Degree

Understanding the Numbers When reviewing job growth and salary information, it’s important to remember that actual numbers can vary due to many different factors — like years of experience in the role, industry of employment, geographic location, worker skill and economic conditions. Cited projections do not guarantee actual salary or job growth.

If you hope to advance in your field or launch a new career, you may be thinking about getting a master’s degree and whether graduate school is right for you.

Earning a graduate degree can have many positive benefits for your career and long-term salary potential as the number of jobs that require a master’s degree grows across many in-demand fields.*

“A lot more jobs are requiring master’s degrees,” said Jan Martin '23G , an undergraduate academic advisor at Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU). “I’m getting a lot of feedback from students who say they want to move up in their career but can’t go higher until they have a  master’s degree .”

She can relate to this. In addition to her current role as an advisor, Martin has worked in freelance graphic design and real estate. She plans on leveraging her master's in communication  to also become an adjunct instructor. 

If you’re planning for your  future career and wondering if you should go to grad school,  begin to explore master’s degree requirements for admission and graduation to fully understand the potential benefits of a master's degree.

Is a Master’s Degree Worth It?

Master’s degrees are in high demand across a variety of industries, according to the National Center of Educational Statistics ( NCES ).* Between 2011 and 2021, the total number of master’s degrees conferred increased by 19 percent, up to 866,900 master’s degrees in the 2020-21 academic year, according to the NCES. 

Based on the NCES report, the majority of those degrees were awarded in:

• Business 
• Education 
• Health professions

Businesses, too, are seeking master’s degree holders at higher rates, according to information from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics ( BLS ).* Between 2022 and 2032, jobs typically requiring a master’s degree are projected to grow 11.3%, compared to 6.7% for jobs requiring a bachelor’s degree and 0.9% for jobs requiring only a high school diploma, BLS reported.*

One benefit of earning a master's degree is that it may open the door for potential job opportunities that may require a higher level of education, Martin said. No matter what your career goals are, a master’s degree can also boost your earning potential and reduce your risk of unemployment throughout your career.*

In 2022, master’s degree holders’ median weekly earnings were about 16% higher than bachelor’s degree holders and 65% higher than associate degree holders, according to BLS data.*

Master’s degree holders also had a 1.9% unemployment rate in 2022, compared to 2.2% for bachelor’s degree holders, 2.7% for associate degree holders and 4% for workers without any college education, according to BLS.*

Ready to see yourself succeed in a master's degree program? The first step is to find the degree that fits your needs. 

Find Your Program

Finding a master’s degree program.

Think about the field in which you want to work, the tasks you'd like to do on a day-to-day basis and the environment you'd enjoy the most. Do you see yourself working at a computer, or would you rather be out in the field? Do you want to manage employee and client relationships, or would you rather stay behind the scenes?

“Knowing what kind of skills you’re looking to obtain can help your advisors point you in the right direction,” Martin said.

Different types of master's degrees include:

• Master of Science (MS)
• Master of Arts (MA)
• Master of Fine Art (MFA)
• Master of Business Administration (MBA)
• Master of Education (MEd)
• Master of Science in Nursing (MSN)
• Master of Public Health (MPH)

It’s important to ensure that the master’s degree program you enroll in is right for you and will fulfill any educational requirements for the career you want, particularly if you'll need to seek state licensure or certification, Martin said.

If you want to advance an accounting career or become a CPA , for example, you'll want to ensure that your accounting master's degree  aligns with your state's education and licensing requirements to sit for the CPA exam.

Can You Get a Master’s Degree Online?

When choosing a master’s degree program, consider how your graduate education will fit into your life , particularly if you’re balancing coursework with a career and family obligations.

Luckily, there are many options for online master’s degree programs, which can give you 24/7 access to video lessons, reading materials and other educational resources so you can learn at the time that works best for you.

“Getting a master’s degree online makes it attainable for so many people who maybe wouldn’t have the option to do so otherwise,” said Natasha Dominguez , a graduate admission counselor for SNHU. “An online program also gives you more freedom to schedule coursework around your busy life and really take control of that balance of work, life and family.”

Dominguez has been an admission counselor for over 8 years and also owns her own small business. She earned a graduate marketing certificate online from SNHU to allow her better understand online graduate coursework from a student perspective and market her business.

"Not only are you saving time and money by not having to commute to and from a physical campus, but your geographic location is no longer a barrier," Dominguez said. "With an asynchronous online program, you are not required to attend class at specific times."

This online format can allow you to complete your assignments at a time that makes the most sense for you.

Applying to a Master’s Degree Program

Specific master’s degree requirements for admission vary among universities and degree topics, but the process typically begins by filling out an application for enrollment .

Once you’ve applied, an admission counselor can help you through the rest of the acceptance process, Martin said. If you’re still unsure about which degree program is right for you, an admission counselor can help you talk through your goals and find the best fit.

Admission counselors can also help you determine if any standardized testing is required for admission. While some graduate schools require standardized testing like the GRE or GMAT, many online programs don’t require any such assessments , Dominguez said.

Before being admitted into a master's degree program, you’ll also need to demonstrate that you’ve already earned a bachelor’s degree. While an official transcript will need to be requested  from your undergraduate program, having an unofficial record of your college education, such as a copy of your transcript or even a diploma, can help keep the application process moving forward while you wait for the official record, Dominguez said.

Be sure to review your past educational and professional experience with your admission counselor, too.

If you’re applying to a master’s degree in a new field, you may need to take some foundational courses to get you up to speed on the subject before enrolling. But if you’ve already completed some graduate-level coursework or have certain types of relevant professional experience, you may be able to apply that learning to your program to save time and reduce the cost of a master’s degree.

Additional admission requirements can vary by program, Martin said. A business master’s degree program might require a professional resume, for example, and a creative writing program  may require a writing sample.

Earning a Master’s Degree

Applying for a master's program is only the beginning. Before gaining admission, review the potential requirements needed for graduation, the length of time it may take to get you there and more. 

How Many Credits For a Master’s Degree?

Master's programs can range from 30-60 credits, though exact credit requirements can vary between programs.

In addition to regular coursework, some master’s degree programs may require an internship, clinical fieldwork or other hands-on learning activities. A capstone project  that uses all of the learning within a program to solve a real-world problem may also be a requirement for earning your degree.

"A capstone course is a culmination of your program. It encompasses what you learned and allows you to implement that into a final project that you work on during the duration of the course," Martin said. 

Some master's programs may require a thesis instead of a capstone. "In a traditional sense, a thesis is a long scholarly paper," Dominguez said. "A capstone project differs from a thesis as it can be a project other than a traditional research paper that demonstrates what you have learned, depending on your program."

According to Dominguez, capstones can be a portfolio of work or a reflective essay versus a traditional research paper. 

How Many Years Does it Take to Get a Master's Degree?

How fast you complete a master’s degree depends on the program you’re enrolled in and the time available in your schedule.

Earning a master’s degree online can help you earn your degree faster, allowing you to keep learning even during the summer and winter holiday seasons when on-campus classes are typically not in session.

You may be able to complete an online master’s degree program in as little as 15 months. But if you're balancing work and family responsibilities, you may need to take fewer courses each term or even take a term off, and it may take longer to earn your degree, Dominguez said.

What is the Cost of a Master’s Degree?

The cost of a master’s degree varies based on the specific program you enroll in, the textbooks and other materials required for your courses and the tuition rates of your university.

Earning a master’s degree online instead of on campus can help reduce overall costs, by saving time and reducing expenses for room and board, student services and other fees. Online courses also typically use more free or lower-cost learning resources, like video tutorials and e-books.

Martin said that some employers may even offer special incentives, such as tuition reimbursement, which could help reduce your out-of-pocket costs. 

See Yourself Succeed With a Master’s Degree

Setting yourself up for success can start as soon as you’re admitted to a graduate program by reviewing your schedule and determining how you’ll fit your coursework into your daily life.

“It’s important to make a time management plan when you’re going back to school,” Dominguez said. “At the very least, make note of when you will have free time in your schedule. Find a specific area in your home to go study, too, which can really help improve your focus.”

You can also explore other learning resources available to students from your university, Martin. Many master's degree programs offer student services like virtual tutoring, writing assistance and even career guidance.

The most important factor for master’s degree success, however, Martin said, is to simply never give up.

“Just continue to have that faith and believe in yourself, and have that good attitude as you’re working through your program,” she said.

A degree can change your life. Find the SNHU master's degree that can best help you meet your goals. 

*Cited job growth projections may not reflect local and/or short-term economic or job conditions and do not guarantee actual job growth. Actual salaries and/or earning potential may be the result of a combination of factors including, but not limited to: years of experience, industry of employment, geographic location, and worker skill.

Danielle Gagnon is a freelance writer focused on higher education. She started her career working as an education reporter for a daily newspaper in New Hampshire, where she reported on local schools and education policy. Gagnon served as the communications manager for a private school in Boston, MA before later starting her freelance writing career. Today, she continues to share her passion for education as a writer for Southern New Hampshire University. Connect with her on LinkedIn .

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About southern new hampshire university.

SNHU is a nonprofit, accredited university with a mission to make high-quality education more accessible and affordable for everyone.

Founded in 1932, and online since 1995, we’ve helped countless students reach their goals with flexible, career-focused programs . Our 300-acre campus in Manchester, NH is home to over 3,000 students, and we serve over 135,000 students online. Visit our about SNHU  page to learn more about our mission, accreditations, leadership team, national recognitions and awards.

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Graduate Program Requirements: Your Roadmap to Grad School

Featured Expert: Dr. Charlene Hoi, PhD

Graduate program requirements are the first key for how to get into grad school . Most graduate programs have extensive and specific admissions requirements since these programs are a higher level of study and often more academic than bachelor’s degrees or diploma programs. Whether you’re applying for your master’s degree, a PhD or even to an online graduate program , the requirements will be consistent across programs. In this blog, we’ll explore the graduate program requirements for both master’s degrees and doctorate programs in the US and Canada, graduate requirements for these programs, plus tips on how to bridge any gaps in your applicant profile.

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Article Contents 15 min read

Graduate program requirements: master’s degree.

Graduate program requirements, naturally, are higher than the admission standards for undergraduate programs, diploma programs and certificate programs. However, it’s important to note that all graduate programs may have different requirements, depending on the school, the program and the type of applicant (i.e. international or mature students). The admissions standards for graduate programs also tend to be higher, so it’s wise to be prepared when figuring out your grad school application timeline .

Graduate programs, as advanced studies in your chosen field, tend to be more academic in focus. They are designed to deepen your understanding and expertise in your field. Therefore, on top of the expected admissions essays, graduate school GPA requirements and applicant interviews, you’ll often be asked to prove you have undergraduate research experience and submit test scores for a graduate-level entrance exam.

Below is a list of the common requirements for master’s graduate programs:

Graduate Program Admission Requirements: Master’s Degree

• Relevant Bachelor’s degree and transcripts
• Minimum GPA
• Standardized test scores (program dependent)
• Graduate school statement of purpose
• Research interest statement or grad school career goals statement
• Grad school resume
• Grad school letters of recommendation
• Admissions interview

Note that the admission requirements for graduate programs in the US and Canada are similar, so whether your goal is to pursue a PhD at one of the top universities in the US or get a master’s degree in Canada , the application requirements will be almost identical.

We’ll cover each of these requirements in more detail next!

Would you like us to help you with your grad school applications? ","buttonText":"Free Strategy Call","buttonColor":"#ffffff","bannerUnderText":null,"belowButtonText1":null,"belowButtonText2":null,"trustpilot":false}" :url=""https:\/\/bemoacademicconsulting.com\/contact-schedule-free-strategy-call"" code="banner1" background-color="#000066" button-color="#ffffff" banner-image> 1. Previous Education

Most graduate programs require a 4-year undergraduate degree, or bachelor’s degree, to gain admission. Master’s degree programs may even list specific areas of study or a short list of acceptable bachelor’s degrees. This is where graduate program requirements can differ, since the requirements for a master’s degree in psychology will vary from those for a master’s in social work , for example.

The reason why you need to hold a bachelor’s degree, and one related to your chosen master’s program, is so that you meet any required prerequisite courses and to ensure you have the foundational knowledge in that field to succeed in a graduate program. Graduate programs are more in-depth educations on their subject matter, so if you don’t have any previous experience or instruction, you won’t have the necessary background or skills required. In some cases, the bachelor’s degree requirement can be waived in the place of years of work experience or other professional qualifications.

For example, advanced types of nursing degrees , such as a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) require you to hold either a Bachelor of Science in Nursing, to prove you have previous, formal education in nursing, or the RN qualification, which indicates you have a higher level of work experience as a practicing nurse. Either way, you need some prior qualification or education to succeed in an advanced nursing program.

2. GPA Requirements

Graduate programs also may list a minimum GPA you must meet to be considered for admission. For more competitive programs, this is usually a minimum of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale. Some programs may accept a lower GPA as long as you submit a standardized test score or meet some other criteria.

However, achieving this minimum GPA is often not enough to get into competitive programs. Many graduate programs are hard to get into, especially at top schools. To see how you measure up against the competition at these programs, check the average accepted GPA of students in these programs. This is the GPA you want to shoot for, or ideally, surpass for the best chances of admission.

Still, to get into grad school with a low GPA is possible with a strong application, very good standardized test scores and a good interview performance. You can offset a lower GPA and still have a shot of getting into your desired program, but you should also carefully consider which programs to apply to, based on your undergraduate GPA and the requirements of specific programs.

3. Standardized Test Scores

Many graduate programs require you to submit standardized test scores. For some professional programs, the standardized test will be unique to these types of programs. Applicants to law school will take the LSAT, medical school applicants will write the dreaded MCAT, and MBA applicants sit the GMAT.

However, a majority of graduate programs require you to take the Graduate Record Examination (GRE). While there are graduate programs that do not require the GRE , it is the most common standardized test used for graduate admissions in the US and Canada. It’s vital to invest in some GRE test prep and learn what is a good GRE score , so you can start preparing.

Your GRE scores, like your GPA, will be used as an indication of your academic ability and whether you’re ready for graduate school. Similar to minimum GPA requirements, you can check the average accepted GRE scores (or other test scores) at your chosen graduate programs and see what score you should aim for to be accepted.

4. Grad School Statement of Purpose

Think of your grad school statement of purpose as a more advanced version of your college essays. In this statement or essay, you’re answering the question of “ why do you want to join our graduate program” and why you want to study in your field at the graduate level.

You may also address your future career goals and how a graduate program will allow you to achieve these goals, such as in a grad school career goals statement. Every program may have different essay prompts or essay questions for you to answer, as well as guidelines on your statement length and intent. Read these carefully before you start writing!

If there are no guidelines for you to follow, take a look at some Ivy League grad school statement of purpose examples , for a clearer understanding of this essay’s structure, content and purpose. You can also look at essays tied to a particular kind of program, such as an MBA statement of purpose if you’re applying to graduate business school.

Check Out Our Podcast for More Free & Useful Content ","buttonText":"Go to Podcast","buttonColor":"#ff6600","bannerUnderText":null,"belowButtonText1":null,"belowButtonText2":null,"trustpilot":false}" :url=""https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/ca\/podcast\/bemo-admissions-experts-podcast\/id1642349082"" code="bannerpodcast" background-color="#000000" button-color="#ff6600" banner-image> 5. Experiences and Extracurriculars

Your work experience, academic experiences, extracurriculars and even your hobbies can help make or break your application to grad school. They can also give you a distinct advantage over the competition while also meeting grad program requirements.

Depending on the field you hope to gain a master’s degree in, research experience may be either strongly recommended or a hard graduate program requirement. If the graduate program you’re applying for is more academically focused, research experience can give you an advantage on your application materials and may be a strong requirement. If you’re lacking some concrete research experience and need it for a graduate program, take a look at some summer undergraduate research fellowships and internships!

Programs that are more skills or experience-focused, such as an MBA, might prefer years of direct work experience over research roles. This is why some graduate programs ask for an updated resume, a list of your extracurriculars or a full recording of your research experience. Check out what your chosen graduate programs require for admissions but also what they value or what they consider a “bonus” for applicants to have.

Let’s say you’re interest in how to get into nursing school . Aside from an undergraduate degree in nursing, direct experience working with patients is a must, and you can stand out in a nursing school application with volunteer experience and strong letters of recommendation from your nursing supervisors.

Here’s another example. One of the biggest MBA requirements is work experience. Many programs ask for at least 3-4 years of professional experience before you can apply to these programs.

6. Letters of Recommendation

While it’s possible to get into grad school without recommendation letters , they are a valuable asset to have on your application. Graduate programs usually require 2 to 3 recommendation letters for admission. And they may have certain guidelines for who can write your recommendations.

Most of the time, your recommendation letters will be written by your undergraduate professors, employer, volunteer supervisor, mentor or some other professional you have worked with in some capacity. When choosing your referees, focus on asking the individuals with whom you have a strong and positive relationship, and who can speak to your skills and suitability for grad school.

What we mean is, if you’re applying for a master’s in engineering, ask your employer or one of your undergraduate professors who is familiar with your skill as an engineer, your work ethic and technical ability. Applying to a graduate program in music? At least one of your recommendation letters should be from your music professor or mentor.

7. Grad School Interview

Not every program uses or requires a grad school interview, but it’s not uncommon for more competitive graduate schools to use interviews as a tool to narrow down the applicant pool. If you are invited to a grad school interview, accept the invitation! Use this as your opportunity to make a strong first impression and secure an acceptance letter by showing the admissions committee that you are a good fit for their program. Practice for your interview with some Ivy League grad school interview questions.

Remember that the grad school interview is a two-way street. Meaning this is also your opportunity to ask questions about a program and see if the program is a good fit for YOU and will meet your expectations. Ask your interviewer questions about the school, the campus culture, the program faculty and curriculum, opportunities for students and what the program has to offer students.

Graduate Program Graduation Requirements: Master’s

Let’s take a brief look at the graduate program requirements for graduation. To complete a bachelor’s degree, you need to calculate how many credits to graduate and complete specific courses to gain your degree.

A master’s degree is no different and will have both core coursework and electives you need to complete, as well as the minimum number of credits for completion. Aside from the coursework aspect of a master’s degree, there is one cumulative project you’ll need to finish: your master’s thesis or capstone project .

Different master’s programs have different final projects, but in general a master’s thesis is the final research paper or project required for academically focused programs, and a capstone is more a demonstration of knowledge and skill. However, these terms may be used interchangeably by graduate programs.

To prepare for you final project, you’ll need to know how to write a master’s thesis proposal and have it approved by your program’s supervisor. Then you’ll need to prepare for thesis defense , present your project to a panel of program faculty and answer thesis defense questions about your research. Once you’ve undergone this evaluation and your project has been approved and graded, you’re done!

Prepare for graduate school interview questions with these examples!

Graduate Program Requirements: PhD

PhD programs, or doctorate programs, are similar to master’s programs in that they are very academically focused. Research experience and a degree relevant to your desired field is essential. If you want to know how to get a PhD , the admission requirements are a little more specific and tougher to meet, and the graduation requirements are more extensive. This is reflected in how long it takes to get a PhD .

PhD programs also require extensive previous education and experience in your chosen field. Below is a list of the common requirements for a PhD program.

Graduate Program Admission Requirements: PhD

• Relevant Master’s degree and official transcripts
• Research proposal
• PhD motivation letter
• Statement of intent
• CV for graduate school  or  research resume
• Letters of recommendation
• PhD interview

As we can see, the requirements for a master’s degree and a PhD are remarkably similar, with a few exceptions for PhD applicants. Let’s go over these additional PhD requirements in detail:

1. Relevant Education

Like a master’s degree, a PhD requires extensive previous education in a field that’s either directly related to or highly relevant to the PhD program. Most PhD programs also require a master’s degree on top of a bachelor’s degree, because a master’s degree will provide you with the academic knowledge and research experience required to successfully complete a PhD.

A PhD is an intensive and research-focused program to enter into, and it usually takes many years to complete. Because it is a bigger commitment and is the highest qualification you can receive in most fields, it requires you first complete the foundational education steps before applying.

2. Research Proposal

A unique part of applying to a PhD program is the submission of a research proposal. Some programs will ask you to submit this during the application process, and others will give you time to develop one in the first year or two of your program.

Your research proposal details what you plan to research during your PhD program and what contribution you hope to make to the field in terms of academic research. Either during the application process or before you begin your final dissertation, be prepared to answer research proposal questions and defend your ideas to a panel of academics or your PhD advisor.

3. PhD Motivation Letter

PhD programs are curious to know why do you want to do a PhD ? Your motivation letter will answer this question. Your letter should discuss why you want to pursue an advanced degree in your field, what new information or insights you hope to contribute to your field, why you’ve chosen a specific PhD program and how a PhD is the necessary next step in your educational journey. A PhD is a huge undertaking, so you should be able to present a clear idea of why you want to take on this commitment and how it will benefit you, aside from just wanting to become an expert in your field or spend a little more time in school.

Graduate Program Graduation Requirements: PhD

PhD programs, being much longer and more intensive than master’s degree programs, nonetheless start with some of the same curriculum requirements.

The first year or two of a PhD begins with completing advanced coursework, both core and electives, in your chosen field of study. The completion of your coursework typically ends with the comprehensive exam, or comps, which evaluate your knowledge of all the coursework you’ve taken so far.

From here, you’ll work with your PhD supervisor or academic advisor, a member of the faculty who will advise and guide your research as a PhD candidate. Unless you’re completing a PhD without a dissertation , you’ll now embark on several years of research. The culmination of this research with be an original contribution to academic research in your field: your dissertation or PhD thesis.

While you’re completing your independent research and writing your dissertation, you may also have responsibilities as a PhD student. This can include teaching roles or participating in research with other academics in your department. This is essential if you want to know how to publish as a graduate student and get your name out into academic circles.

Once your dissertation is complete and approved by your advisor, you’ll once again need to prepare for thesis defense and present your original research to a panel of academics, who will either approve your project or send it back for revisions. This evaluation is sometimes conducted through an oral presentation of your work, called “orals”.

Once your dissertation is presented and approved, you’ll be eligible for graduation and awarded your degree!

Graduate program requirements can be intensive, and you might find that you’re missing a requirement or two when you start planning your applications. If this is the case, there are fortunately ways to fill any gaps that need to be filled without losing too much time or scrapping your goal of going to grad school.

We’ll start with master’s degree applicants and go over our tips for how to bridge common gaps in graduate program requirements, followed by PhD applicants:

Master’s Degree Applicants

• Your GPA is too low: If your GPA is too low, all hope is not lost. Your application may be strong enough to offset your low academic record, or your GPA may not matter as much to some graduate programs. However, you should still do whatever possible to raise your GPA if you still have time. Some programs will consider you despite a low GPA so long as you meet other criteria. You can contact the admissions office to ask if this is an option for you. Otherwise, take a look at the easiest graduate programs to get into, or the easiest PhD programs to get into , as these tend to have lower admissions standards.
• Your standardized test scores are too low: If your test scores are too low to get into the program of your choice, there are two options. You can either retake the test and try to earn a higher score, or apply exclusively to programs that don’t require standardized test scores. Many programs are test-optional, or accept different tests in lieu of the GRE. For instance, you can decide between the GMAT vs GRE for many graduate school programs.
• You don’t have the right degree: If you don’t have the right undergraduate degree or you lack an undergraduate degree, this can be a hurdle to getting a graduate degree. Some master’s programs allow applicants without a bachelor’s degree, or who have a different type of qualification, such as an associate degree or a diploma. It’s likely your qualifications will need to be relevant to the master’s program, and you may need to complete additional prerequisites, but check to see what exceptions a program might offer when it comes to previous education.
• You’re missing experience: Whether it’s work experience, research experience or an extracurricular activity that will strengthen your application, it’s worth doing whatever you can to stand out in your grad school applications. Before applying to your desired program, consider putting off applying until you can gain the missing experience you need.
• You’ve previously been rejected: Were you rejected from a grad school program previously? Of course you want to ensure you’re successful the next time around, but you may not know how to improve your application materials or what is preventing you from getting in. A grad school admissions consultant can make the difference here, as having an expert’s eyes on your application materials can help you identify what your weaknesses are.

PhD Applicants

• You don’t have a master’s degree: Do you need a master’s to get a PhD ? Normally, yes, but there are exceptions! Believe it or not there are direct-entry PhD programs you can apply for straight after finishing your bachelor’s degree. Keep in mind the requirements for these programs are usually very high, academically speaking, so you’ll need a strong GPA at the very least.
• You want to accelerate or combine your PhD: Getting your PhD takes a long time. After completing a 4-year bachelor’s degree, you’d normally finish a 2- or 3-year master’s degree followed by a PhD, which can take 6 years or more. If you’re interested in shortening this timeline, there are accelerated graduate programs or online graduate programs that are shorter. You can also pursue a dual degree program, which sometimes combines the curriculum of a master’s and PhD or two different graduate programs. Some examples would be an MBA Law dual degree or an MD-PhD . Looking for super fast online graduate programs? Look for 1-year PhD programs online or 1-year master’s programs .
• You’re not sure a PhD is right for you: Not sure a PhD is the best choice for your goals? Intimidated by the application process? Consider asking PhD consultants for help. These are professional admission experts who can walk you through the application process, the graduate school requirements and advise you on the right type of program for you.
• You can’t afford the cost of a graduate degree: The high cost of graduate school will deter many applicants from getting an advanced degree. Fortunately, there are many excellent graduate school scholarships , bursaries and awards you can apply for. Financial aid options are also widely available at many schools. Speaking to an admissions consultant or financial advisor about your options for grad school is also a good idea, since you’ll need a solid plan for funding your schooling. PhD candidates may be fortunate enough to find a fully funded program, meaning the cost of their program is covered, and they may even receive a stipend to cover their living costs. For PhD candidates who apply for PhD scholarships to help fund their degree, be sure to write a strong personal statement for PhD scholarship , since competition can be high.

The common requirements for a graduate program include a complete undergraduate degree, standardized test scores, a statement of purpose or personal statement, recommendation letters, a grad school CV and an admissions interview. Some programs will have additional requirements specific to their programs. It’s best to always check with the program directly what their admission requirements are.

To get into a PhD program, you typically need a strong GPA, a master’s degree in a relevant field, prior research experience, a motivation letter or personal statement, a resume, recommendation letters and a PhD interview. 

Getting into graduate school is definitely not easy, and some programs may be more competitive than others. Depending on the field, the school and the specific graduate program requirements, the acceptance rate for some grad schools is below 10%. However, with the right prep and a carefully crafted application, you can significantly increase your chances of getting in, provided you meet all the requirements.

Many graduate school programs have a minimum GPA requirement of 3.0. More competitive programs have a minimum GPA of 3.3 and above.

This can vary by program, but most graduate programs require or accept the GRE, or Graduate Record Examination. If you’re not sure what a good GRE score is for you, check what the average accepted scores are for your chosen programs. Your goal should be to achieve at least this average score to get into your desired program.

Most graduate programs accept applications directly through their online application portals. However, some professional graduate programs may have central application services you can use to apply to multiple programs at once.

If you’re missing some of the graduate program requirements, it is possible to bridge these gaps. Check what requirements you are missing and start making a plan to meet them before you start applying to programs. You can seek the help of a professional, such as an admissions consultant, or simply take a gap year to gain the necessary experience you’re missing.

Going to grad school can absolutely be worth it if it helps you achieve your personal and professional goals. Grad school is a big commitment, in both time and money, but for many students it is an opportunity to enhance their professional qualifications, deepen their knowledge of their field or even shift their career trajectory.

Aside from financial aid, grad school scholarships and bursaries, some students continue to work while going to school or receive financial help from their employer so they can pursue a degree that will enhance their professional qualifications.

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Master’s Degree Requirements You Need to Know Before You Apply

Getting a master’s degree is a great way to gain in-depth expertise and advance your career. But it also requires a lot of upfront research to determine which program you’re interested in, if you qualify and how you apply to your desired program and institution.

We’re here to help make that research easier by outlining common requirements for applying to master’s programs. We’ll also go into detail on setting yourself up for success and typical graduation requirements for master’s degree programs.

Am I Eligible for a Master’s Degree Program?

While specific requirements vary by program, degree and school, there are commonalities between master’s programs when it comes to prerequisites and application requirements.

Master’s Degree Prerequisites

All master’s degrees require the completion of a bachelor’s degree and usually require an undergraduate GPA of 3.0. Many schools also require taking entrance exams like the GRE or GMAT. Some institutions, like Franklin University, require a minimum 2.75 GPA, or require you to take an entrance exam if you do not meet the GPA criteria.

After that, you can expect to find a wide variety of prerequisites—from no required courses to highly-specific or technical courses that must be completed before you can begin a master’s program.

Some master’s programs require specific bachelor’s degrees or courses be completed before applying. Other programs are more liberal. Here are common examples of each.

Popular programs with typical course prerequisites:

• M.S. in Accounting : Specific courses in intermediate accounting and auditing are required, but you do not need to have a bachelor’s degree in accounting to qualify.
• M.S. in Computer Science : Courses in mathematics, operations systems and computer science prepare students with the technical skills to complete a master’s in computer science.
• M.S. in Nursing : Nursing programs typically require a BSN although some have admission pathways for RNs who have not earned the BSN.

Most other specialized, technical or medical master’s degrees will have course prerequisites that must be completed before applying.

Popular programs without typical course prerequisites:

• Master of Business Administration (MBA) : An MBA is considered one of the most flexible master’s degrees because it focuses on building management and leadership skills across a multitude of business functions.
• Master of Healthcare Administration (MHA) : An MHA is becoming an increasingly popular master’s degree as it focuses on specialized topics of management in healthcare organizations.
• Master of Public Administration (MPA) : An MPA is ideal for those interested in working in the public sector or nonprofit organizations, giving students the skills to effectively tackle unique issues that impact the success and growth of government and social service organizations.

Degree programs in less technical or specialized areas like these do not require a related bachelor’s degree. Instead, they evaluate criteria like academic ability, professional experience and personal characteristics when considering your application.

Now that you know the basics, here’s how you take the next step to apply to the program of your choice.

What matters most when choosing a master’s program? Compare features, benefits and cost to find the right school for you.

10 common admission steps when applying to graduate school.

Every program and institution have specific requirements to fulfill to be considered for a master’s program.

Here are the steps you should take when preparing your application:

• Determine if entrance exams are required. Many graduate programs require GRE or GMAT scores. Some programs will waive this requirement if you meet certain GPA criteria.
• Obtain official transcripts for transfer credit. To be considered for transfer credit, you will need to contact your previous institutions to get official transcripts. There’s usually a small fee and it may take a couple weeks for your request to be fulfilled.
• Demonstrate English language proficiency. For international students, if English is not your first language, you will need to demonstrate English Language Proficiency through previous educational experience or the TOEFL test.
• Update your résumé. Professional programs will want to see a detailed account of your work experience, as well as any community involvement.
• Know if you need to complete a writing sample. Institutions want to know that you posses the intensive communication skills needed in master’s programs,
• Ask for references. Many programs will ask you to provide references who can speak to your academic preparedness and professional experience. Know who you would like to ask and give them at least a month’s notice before needing their letters.
• Prepare for an admission interview. Your program may require you to complete an interview with your chosen department or admissions team. Make sure you’re ready to talk about your background, why you want to attend the program and why you think you will be successful.
• Complete the admission application. Be sure to complete, submit and pay for your applications well in advance of the deadline.
• File the FAFSA. All students should complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid to be considered for federal student loans.
• Explore other funding opportunities. See if your employer offers tuition reimbursement, or if you qualify for grants or scholarships offered by professional organizations.

Some of these steps and requirements will vary. Be sure to research each program and school you’re applying to in order to understand any specific requirements that may deviate from this list.

5 Traits of Successful Master's Degree Students

As you’re considering getting your master’s degree, you need to be sure you’re prepared for the rigorous curriculum. This is especially true if you’re a working professional who will need to balance your professional, personal and program responsibilities.

These are five of the most important traits of successful master’s degree students:

• Dedicated. They are ready to prioritize their education and approach their coursework with discipline and diligence.
• Forward Thinking. They know a master’s degree is about more than the next job, it’s about a lifelong career. They know their long-term goals and have identified a specific program that aligns with these goals.
• Enthusiastic. They are excited by learning and gaining new expertise, not just the possibility of an increased salary.
• Ambitious. They are eager to apply what they are learning in the classroom to their current position. Seeing immediate payoff of new-found knowledge provides personal and professional motivation to keep going.
• Critical Thinkers. They are motivated by solving complex problems and communicating those solutions clearly in both oral and written communication.

Getting your master’s degree is challenging, but going in with the right mindset and attitude will help you make the most of your investment.

Critical Milestones to Earn a Master’s Degree

It may seem early to be considering graduation requirements if you haven’t applied to your master’s program yet. However, understanding what it takes to graduate will set you up for success.

While every program and institution are a little different, common graduation requirements include:

• Minimum 3.0 GPA. Unlike undergraduate programs, master’s degrees require a high GPA in order to complete your degree. Make sure you give your all in every course so you don’t fall short of this requirement.
• Fulfill all course requirements. You must complete all credit hours, typically between 30-60 credits for a master’s degree, as well as take all required courses.
• Complete a capstone project. Most master’s programs will require a seminal paper or project be completed as the culmination of your degree program. These projects can vary from research papers to professionally oriented projects that solve real-world problems for a business or industry. Typically, a capstone project is completed as part of a one semester course before graduation.
• Pay all remaining tuition and fees. It happens more often than you think—people complete all education requirements but can’t pay the final fees to get their degree. Make sure you plan ahead and have enough funds to graduate.

Now You Know What’s Required. Find the Best Master’s Program For You.

Evaluating and applying for a master’s degree doesn’t happen overnight. Most master’s programs are very selective, so you need to take the time to ensure you are certain about the program you want to attend, as well as meet the requirements for admission.

If you’re looking for master’s programs that are tailored to the needs of working adults, explore Franklin University’s Master’s Degrees and the admission requirements for all of these programs.

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Ultimate List of Master’s Degrees in Education | Salary & Requirements

For teachers who are looking for ways to develop professionally, gain access to more job opportunities, and improve their earning potential, a master’s degree in education (MEd) is a great option. In many cases, teachers can continue to work full-time and take MEd online courses. There are also a wide variety of specializations, so students can focus on their interests and start building a career around a specific aspect of education.   

Adult Education

Students who pursue an MEd in adult education go on to provide instruction to adult learners who are preparing for exams, including the GED, or working to develop skills like strengthening their English. An adult education instructor develops strong interpersonal skills so they can connect with adult learners that come from diverse backgrounds and have a wide range of skill levels. 

Adult education instructors are expected to assess students’ skills and create lesson plans that address their needs and meet course objectives. Additional job duties include participating in organizational and staff meetings, attending training and graduations, and fulfilling any other obligations outlined by the administration.

Daily tasks include keeping track of grades and attendance, delivering lessons, and leading group activities. Successful instructors constantly monitor progress and adjust curriculum and teaching methods as needed. They also deliver updates on progress to both educators and the students themselves.  

Curriculum and Instruction

Earning a master’s in education and specializing in  curriculum and instruction  prepares students to develop training materials and entire instructional programs. Educators can apply these skills well beyond the field of education, including research and government roles. The skills learned can also be used to design and test corporate training, write and edit textbooks, and develop detailed syllabi and instructional materials. 

• Curriculum Developer:  The average base salary for this position is $63,885 with experienced professionals earning around $90,000. 2
• Curriculum Director:   Working as a curriculum director comes with about the same earning potential with a base salary of $63,885. 3

Early Childhood Education

Early childhood education (ECE) instructors work with children in preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school students through third grade. This can be a challenging career because ECE teachers are expected to cover all subjects. Instructors may teach math, science, and art while also working with students to develop strong social, motor, and emotional skills. ECE is truly an all-encompassing role that helps build a strong foundation for children that will carry them into adulthood. 

On a daily basis, early childhood education instructors

• Develop and deliver lesson plans, resources, and materials
• Evaluate students
• Communicate with administration and parents
• Attend Meetings and training
• Supervise the classroom

Educational Administration

Earning a MEd and specializing in educational administration prepares students for a range of leadership roles. Graduates often work as assistant principals, school administrators, or curriculum coordinators. In general, educational administration professionals oversee certain operations and make sure that the school or organization meets certain standards. This includes implementing certain state and federal testing, complying with local requirements, and adjusting staff training or mandating certain programs or policies. 

• Curriculum Coordinator:  The average base salary for this position is  $50,314 . 
• School Administrator:  Starting school administrators can expect a base salary of  $64,022 .   
• Assistant Principal:  At the entry-level, assistant principals typically earn around  $67,000 . More experienced principals can earn up to $80,000. 

Common job duties will depend on the type of educational administrative position. 

• Assistant principals  spend time ensuring compliance in a variety of areas, working with teachers and parents to meet goals, and establishing and enforcing a range of academic and behavioral standards for students. 
• School administrators  play a similar role as assistant principals while a  curriculum coordinator  may work outside of education to design and oversee training and professional development in a variety of fields. 

Educational Leadership

Master’s in education students who want to play a larger role at certain institutions should consider concentrating in  educational leadership . In general, these leadership roles ensure the quality of the learning experience. This can include 

• Evaluating teachers
• Handling complaints
• Mentoring and guiding students
• Overseeing student activities and services

Since educational leadership leads to positions that come with additional responsibilities, there is excellent earning potential.

• Dean of Students :  The average starting salary is $63,702 and can grow significantly based on experience and the size and reputation of the college or university. 
• Department Chair :  A college department chair’s salary might start at around $84,046 and can earn over $152,000.
• Principal :  The average base salary is $92,956 with top earners making around $135,000.
• University Registrar :  Registrars start at an average of $57,943.

Educational Technology

Technology is playing an increasingly important role in education and instruction, creating an increased demand for those with an  MEd in Educational Technology . Those with expertise in this area 

• Design online courses
• Work as a media specialist who trains and supports other educators
• Consult on a variety of curriculum development projects
• Take their skills into the classroom to work directly with students 

Educational technology graduates often explore different fields, opportunities, and interests.

Elementary Education

Those with a  Master’s Degree in Elementary Education  typically teach students grades 1-6. Unlike high school teachers who usually teach just one subject, elementary education teachers must be experts in all disciplines. They play an important role in the early years of young students and work more closely with parents to ensure that students are on track and all their needs are being met, especially when it comes to any learning challenges. Students at this age are also learning social and motor skills and teachers need to nurture these skills while also showing tremendous patience for energetic children.   

Elementary educators spend their days 

• Designing and teaching lesson plans
• Supervising activities
• Providing instruction across all disciplines while also encouraging good social skills
• Evaluating students
• Communicating progress to both administrators and parents 

After school, they may spend time grading papers, developing future lesson plans, decorating the classroom, and running extracurricular activities.

English as a second language (ESL) or English language learner (ELL) instructors work with students who are not proficient at English and may not be aware of common cultural customs. Oftentimes, students come from a home or different country where English is not the primary language spoken. 

Instructional duties go beyond simply teaching English as professionals help students understand assignments in other courses and navigate the academic environment. ESL and ELL teachers work with students of all ages, including adults. 

Higher Education Leadership

Those interested in advising students and guiding them through their academic careers often pursue a master’s in education. Higher education leadership professionals are often in charge of orientations, helping students sign up for classes, and making sure they are meeting all the requirements to graduate on time. 

Higher education leadership can also lead to a position in admissions where professionals will help promote the school, recruit students, and decide who is admitted. Registrars help with many of these duties while also taking care of student records.

• Academic Advisor :  The average base salary for an Academic Advisor at a college or university is $44,590.
• Assistant Director of Admissions :  A leadership position in admissions comes with a base salary of $50,248.
• Registrar :  A college registrar starts at $57,943.

During an average day, an  academic advisor  meets with students and assists them with planning and registering for courses, exploring financial aid options, and discussing degree requirements. 

A  registrar  meets with faculty and students, processes paperwork, works extensively with the university’s software programs, and provides other administrative services. 

An  assistant director of admissions  may participate in outreach and recruitment events, work with other staff on promotional initiatives, and review student applications.

Instructional Design

An instructional designer puts together materials and resources that can be used in a variety of educational and instructional settings. They utilize the latest technology to design multimedia programs that speak to the needs of the audience. 

As course designers, these professionals select the best lesson delivery method and use their knowledge of pedagogical theories and philosophies to put together custom programs. Instructional designers can work as educators, train other educators, design courses for schools, or work in the corporate world.

Secondary Education

Secondary education instructors work with middle and high school students. Classroom sizes tend to be large, so teachers need to be able to keep control of the classroom and engage students. It is also important to remember that students at this level will test boundaries and authority, so secondary education teachers must handle these situations. Middle and high school students also take various state tests and prepare for college, so this tends to be a part of the coursework.

As with other classroom instructors, secondary education teachers are responsible for 

• Designing and delivering lesson plans and lectures
• Conducting experiments and demonstrations with students when appropriate
• Taking attendance
• Grading tests and papers
• Maintaining records
• Tracking progress
• Communicating with parents and administration

Instructors may also oversee extracurricular activities.  

Special Education

Special education teachers fulfill an important role by working with students with a variety of learning disabilities. Based on the needs of the student, the instructor designs a curriculum that expands the student’s skill set. So,  MEd in Special Education  programs teach these important skills.

Lessons may range from traditional subjects to learning about hygiene and improving physical strength. Special education teachers have to constantly adapt and be especially empathetic towards their students, more skills learned during a program.

• Pre-K through Elementary:  Special education teachers with a M.Ed who work with younger children can expect to earn an average salary of $49,293.
• Middle through High School:  Teachers who work with older students get a bit of a pay bump. The average base salary is $51,811.

What makes the duties of a special education teacher unique is that they have to cater more closely to the individual needs of students. Otherwise, they are responsible for the same tasks as traditional instructors which include

• Designing and leading lesson plans
• Keeping attendance
• Tracking grades
• Monitoring and measuring progress
• Enforcing rules

Teaching Master of Arts in Teaching (MAT)

For students who aren’t completely sure if they want to pursue a specific focus in education,  earning a MAT degree  is a good option. This course of study prepares educators for a variety of positions that can segue into other careers, both inside and outside of academia. Many professionals use this degree to become corporate trainers, work as educational directors in museums, or develop educational content across industries. 

What is the Best Master’s Degree to Get in Education?

There is no singular answer to which  Master’s Degree in Education is best. Within the MEd course of study there are a lot of specializations and opportunities to pursue personal interests. If professionals are passionate about education and a particular focus, then there are infinite opportunities. At the same time, there is room for exploration into other industries. Essentially, with the right education, experience and passion, there is unlimited earning potential.

• https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Adult_Education_Teacher/Hourly_Rate
• https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Curriculum_Developer/Salary
• https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Industry=Early_Childhood_Education/Salary
• https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Degree=Master_of_Education_(MEd)%2C_Educational_Technology_(EDT)/Salary
• https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Elementary_School_Teacher/Salary
• https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=English_as_a_Second_Language_(ESL)_Teacher/Salary
• https://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Instructional_Designer/Salary

Master’s Programs in Education

Additional Information

• Download the Master's Viewbook

As you embrace the next chapter in your development as an educator, innovator, and leader, consider a graduate program that builds on a century of innovation, that’s grounded in the skills every educator needs, and that fully supports your current work and future aspirations.

At the Harvard Graduate School of Education, our master’s degree program is driven by passion and empowered by evidence. We share a vision of education where every learner has an opportunity to be seen, to be challenged, to excel, and to reach their full potential. We are motivated by urgency to build a future that recognizes and overcomes grinding systemic inequities.

Whether you seek to make an impact in early education, in K–12 districts and networks, or in higher education — or whether you want to drive educational change outside of those realms — you belong at HGSE. 

No matter which program you choose, you’ll have the opportunity to interact with HGSE’s world-class faculty, build a sustained community of practice and a lifelong professional network, and gain the preparation necessary to grow, advance, and become the type of leader that education needs.

The Harvard Graduate School of Education offers the Master's in Education (Ed.M.) degree in two formats —  residential and online — and in a variety of programs.

Residential Master's

HGSE’s  on-campus master’s degree is a one-year, full-time, immersive Harvard experience. You'll apply directly to one of its five distinct programs, spanning education leadership and entrepreneurship, education policy, human development, teaching and teacher leadership, and learning design and technology. 

Online Master's

Our Online Master's in Education  is a part-time, two-year, online program in education leadership. It is designed for experienced professionals who want to advance in their careers and deepen their impact. The online program in education leadership offers a choice of two pathways, preK–12 or higher education, that complement your career and chosen area of impact.  

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Master's programs.

Master's programs are full-time, intensive programs that integrate educational theory and practice. The small cohort sizes provide an intimate setting for academic inquiry and foster individual contact with faculty and fellow students.

Education Data Science (EDS)

Sep 15, 2023

Sep 23, 2024

The EDS program combines modern data science analyses and computational methods with a deep understanding of learning, schools, and education policy. With rigorous academics and real-world experience, the program prepares the first generation of education data science leaders.

Learn about EDS

Individually Designed MA (for current Stanford doctoral students)

The Individually Designed MA in Education is intended for doctoral students at Stanford who would like to earn a master's in education while studying for their PhD outside of the GSE. Students develop their individual program of study in consultation with a GSE advisor and must finish in three years. 

Learn about the Individually Designed MA

International Comparative Education / International Education Policy Analysis (ICE/IEPA)

ICE/IEPA addresses educational practice in a rapidly changing global context, in both less-developed and industrialized countries. Students examine such problems as the political economy of underdevelopment and educational planning in comparative perspective. The major research project requirement provides students the opportunity to develop excellent research skills.

Learn about ICE/IEPA

Learning Design and Technology (LDT)

Sep 15, 2023

LDT integrates powerful contemporary ideas about learning with emergent technologies to design and evaluate learning environments, products, and programs. LDT graduates bring their skills to bear in a variety of settings, including schools, museums, research institutions, and educational technology companies.

Learn about LDT

Policy, Organization, and Leadership Studies (POLS)

POLS emphasizes the knowledge, theory, and skills necessary for effective leadership in a variety of education-focused organizations. Students design their own programs of study focused on pre-K-12 education, non-profit leadership, policy analysis, higher education, or a combination of these broad areas.

Learn about POLS

Stanford Teacher Education Program (STEP)

June 24, 2024

MA + teaching credential

STEP offers both an elementary and secondary route. Both programs lead to teacher certification in the state of California, and both require intensive, supervised practice at school sites as well as academic course work that focuses on cutting-edge, school-based research.

Learn about STEP

Curriculum and Teacher Education (CTE)

CTE is an individualized, research-intensive program intended for students with prior professional experience in education. 

Learn about CTE

Joint MA programs

Joint ma/jd in law and education.

The joint MA/JD degree combines study for the JD degree in law with an individualized program in education.

Learn more about the joint MA/JD

Joint MA/MBA in education and business administration

The joint MA/MBA allows students to pursue an MA in education at the GSE and an MBA at the Graduate School of Business. Students complete both degrees in two years.

Learn more about the joint MA/MBA

Joint MA in public policy and education

The MA/MPP joint degree allows students in the POLS program to simultaneously pursue a master's in public policy from the School of Humanities and Sciences. Students complete both degrees in two years.

Learn more about the joint MA/MPP

"Many of the classes I've taken have helped me connect the dots on various educational issues and understand how institutions and education leaders have a role to play in improving the educational opportunities of all students, especially those from underserved populations."

Master’s graduates were employed (full time or part time)

STEP graduates hired as teachers

For more information about GSE admissions and to see upcoming events and appointments:

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What Are the Requirements for a Master’s in Education?

Read Time Estimate: 4 minutes

By Help Golden

December 20th, 2023

Deepening your knowledge in education to advance your career is always a positive choice. When we think of education, we usually think of school teachers, but there are other roles in this field. Your choice to be a teacher or researcher is important, as both roles contribute to the advancement of education.

Choosing a path in education can feel overwhelming, especially when trying to understand the requirements for the application process. A Master of Arts in Education (MA Ed.) can be a rewarding academic path to deepen your knowledge and skill sets.

It is important to understand the different requirements for Master’s in Education programs before starting down this road. Let’s review the general admissions requirements.

Bachelor’s Degree Requirement

A bachelor’s degree is the first mandatory requirement for enrollment in the majority of grad schools. While some programs might specifically call for a bachelor’s in education, others will accept candidates with degrees in related fields. Some of those fields include psychology, sociology, or even a subject related to the area of specialization in education.

Professional Experience in Education (Preferred)

Though not always mandatory, having some prior professional experience in the field can significantly strengthen your application. Many education master programs favor candidates with relevant teaching experience.

Your previous experience demonstrates your commitment to the field and may provide valuable insights during the program. Do not let this deter you from applying. Interests change as we grow and learn about our likes and dislikes. Pursuing what you are drawn to is important.

• Transferable Credits

If you have previous education experience some of your college units may be transferable. Depending on the master’s program you apply for your completed undergrad courses can potentially lead to taking fewer courses. Keep in mind every university program varies on how they honor transferable credits.

• Letters of Recommendation

Most graduate programs require letters of recommendation from academic or professional sources who can speak to your potential as an educator. It’s best if professors, employers, or supervisors can vouch for your skills, dedication, and potential for success in a master’s program.

Reliant on the university, the minimum requirement for submitted recommendation letters is two. To ease any future stress it is best to have three recommendations readily available as a minimum to cover all bases.

• Statement of Purpose

A well-crafted statement of purpose is a crucial component of your application. This allows you to showcase your passions, your career goals, and how an education master’s aligns with your aspirations. It is an opportunity to convey your uniqueness and what you can contribute to the program.

Graduate Record Examination (GRE) Scores

While some education master’s programs may require GRE scores as part of the application process, not all universities require them. Be sure to check with each institution to determine whether GRE scores are necessary for your desired program.

• Prerequisite Courses (If Applicable)

Certain programs may have prerequisite courses that applicants need to complete before starting the program. These courses typically cover foundational topics and ensure that students have a similar knowledge base before advancing to more specialized coursework.

Grade Point Average (GPA) Requirements

Different institutions may have specific GPA requirements for admission. While some may have a minimum GPA cutoff, others take a more comprehensive approach, considering all aspects of your application.

California State University requirements state that for public universities the GPA average is between 2.5 to 3.0. Some programs set their required GPA minimum at 3.3. These are usually private schools, but as always do your research when seeking the right fit for you.

• Areas of Specialization

Education is a vast field with various specializations, including curriculum design, educational leadership, special education, and more. When deciding on a master’s degree choose the subject area that aligns with your career goals and personal interests.

Specializations

To meet the varied interests and goals of educators, graduate schools offer a wide range of specializations in education.

There is a specialization designed to fit your passion. Whether you want to improve your teaching abilities, run educational institutions, or concentrate on particular student populations. 

Let’s explore some specializations:

Curriculum and Instruction

You’ll learn how to adapt teaching techniques to diverse learners and implement evidence-based teaching strategies. It equips you with the knowledge and skills to create effective and engaging instructional materials.

Leadership and Administration

A master’s in leadership and administration teaches about leading and transforming educational institutions through management, planning, and policy implementation. You will be prepared to take on administrative roles in schools, colleges, or other educational settings.

Special Education

Working with students who have a range of learning needs and abilities is the primary focus of special education specialists. This course teaches you how to help students with different needs, deal with learning disabilities, and provide personalized instruction.

Educational Technology

In the digital age, technology integration into education is essential. This specialization explores using technology in class, designing instruction, e-learning, and digital tools to improve teaching and learning.

English as a Second Language (ESL) Education

This program teaches teachers how to teach English to non-native speakers. It also covers theories of language learning and cultural awareness in teaching.

Research and Assessment

This specialization focuses on research, data analysis, and program evaluation techniques for those interested in education. You can change educational practices and support ongoing system improvement by sharing your findings.

NDNU’s School of Education (SoE)

Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), which focuses on graduate education, is located in the San Francisco Bay Area. Each program provides a variety of specializations and consists of three schools: Business & Management , Education, and Clinical Psychology . NDNU’s graduate students become California educators and leaders in San Mateo County and beyond.

The programs at NDNU provide small class sizes, individualized attention, and counseling to develop future leaders. The SoE master’s programs produce competent teachers, specialists, administrators, and community leaders. Students also gain practical experience through fieldwork opportunities.

Learning at NDNU

A master’s degree in education must integrate and adapt as the world and technology change. NDNU offers evening courses for working adults, allowing you to earn a graduate degree either in person or online.

In-Person Programs

• Master of Arts in Education (MA ED)
• Master of Arts in School Administration (MA SA)
• Master of Arts in Special Education (MA SE)

100% Online Programs

• Master of Arts in Educational Therapy (MA ET)
• Master of Arts in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (MA DEIL)
• Master of Arts in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL)

Find the Right Program for You

If you want to make a difference and have a lasting impact, going on this educational journey is worth it. Beyond the classroom, your expertise can influence educational policies and practices, making a lasting impact on education as a whole.

With increased knowledge, improved skills, and a passion for teaching, you will be prepared to inspire, guide, and empower your students. To improve your chances of getting into the right program for your goals, make sure you meet all the application requirements:

• Bachelor’s Degree
• Professional Experience
• GPA Requirements

Pick a subject you love, then start a life-changing journey that impacts both you and countless students.

NDNU Welcomes You

Now that you know the requirements for a master’s in education, it’s time to think about your choices. Enrolling in graduate school will help you develop the necessary networks and skills. 

You will be able to make a difference in the lives of students and advance education.

Reach out to our Admissions team if any of NDNU’s offerings pique your interest!

Interested In Learning More? Fill out this form and we'll be in touch with more information!

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Magellan Solutions USA launched under the visionary leadership of Mark A. K. Dee, Chief Executive Officer – a consultant and service provider for healthcare administrative support, IT development, energy, call center, and business process outsourcing. Mark has served in various multi-level management positions in his 21 years of service in the United States Air Force (USAF). He performed as Immunology and Microbiology department manager, Medical Laboratory Assistant Director, Facility and Security Manager, and finally retiring in the military in 2008 as Superintendent/Assistant Chief of Operations of 330 personnel Medical Group. Mark has experiences in the services industries since he retired, including running a restaurant chain as the CEO. He has also developed other businesses in the Martials Arts studio and 3d-printing industries. He has a BS in Health Sciences and Hospital Administration, Board Certified in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Graduated in the Senior Executive Leadership School from the USAF, Master’s in Business Administration, and a Master’s of Science in Systems Management at Notre Dame De Namur University.

Chosen Cheng

Chosen Cheng is owner of CMC Group, a privately held engineering and marketing consultancy for small business startup ventures. He currently works with project teams developing patented award-winning solar roofing systems and patent pending drone-based augmented reality geological and thermal mapping solutions. He was formerly a Silicon Valley marketing and innovative corporate training manager. As an avocation and a way to “pay it forward” he enjoys teaching and career coaching college and graduate MBA students many of whom are pioneering first generation college students from underserved communities. He and his wife, a Notre Dame alum, celebrated their wedding reception at the Ralston Mansion in the 70’s and have two stupendously successful, married adult children who between them have four stupendously adorable grandchildren.

Arthur Chait

Entrepreneur, Executive, Engineer, Investor, Professor, Mentor. Founder & CEO EoPlex Inc. ($31 million VC funded startup acquired by ASTI Singapore). President Stanford Research Institute (SRI) Consulting Division (800 staff worldwide). SVP Flextronics (responsible for $8 Billion in global accounts). President Zitel Software. Principal Booz Allen. R&D Director Halliburton. Adjunct Professor Menlo College, Visiting Professor Universidad Francisco Marroquin (Guatemala), Mentor Draper University, Judge Startup Chile. BS Engineering Rutgers, MBA Strategy University Pittsburgh.

Kelly Cansler

Kelly completed both her BS (Finance/Economics) and MBA from NDNU. She utilized her business education to launch an insurance agency in 2008 with Farmers Insurance. It’s grown into multi-million-dollar agency, organically and through acquisition. She has been recognized by Farmers Insurance being ranked within the top 10% of agents nationwide, but also as a speaker, trainer, and mentor within the Farmers Insurance Community. Kelly is extremely connected with local businessowners through several networking channels.

Cliff Burnette

Cliff is the senior vice president and chief human resources officer at Rambus, a global chip and IP provider that advances data center connectivity and solves the bottleneck between memory and processing. Cliff has over 20 years of experience leading global human resources operations for publicly traded companies with expertise in employee relations, organizational development, and compensation strategy. Prior to Rambus, Cliff worked for several other high-tech companies in the semiconductor and medical device space and holds a bachelor’s degree in Business Management and Marketing from Texas State University and a master’s degree in Human Resources Management and Organization Development from the University of Texas at Austin.

Memo Morantes

Memo Morantes has been a San Mateo County resident for more than 45 years. He has been a three-term San Mateo County Board of Education incumbent, a Redwood City/San Mateo County Chamber of Commerce board member, a Sequoia Hospital Foundation member, a co-chair of the Latino Leadership Council of San Mateo, and a civic/community activist. 

Sheryl Young

Sheryl serves as a director for Philanthropic Ventures Foundation, which provides $10M each year for innovative teachers and social entrepreneurs throughout the Bay Area. Prior Sheryl served as CEO of Community Gatepath and AbilityPath.org. She has over 30 years of managerial experience in operations, finance, and marketing. Young is a graduate of the Stanford University Graduate School of Business Executive Program for Non-Profit Leaders, earned an M.A. of Public Health from UC Berkeley, an M.A. in Special Education from Ball State University and a B.A. in Political Science from Purdue University.

Brian Schumacker

Brian manages South San Francisco-San Bruno’s wastewater treatment plant and with a dedicated staff of over 40 professionals who safeguard community health and protect the fragile San Francisco Bay ecosystem. Brian holds a Master’s Degree in Public Administration and a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Business Administration, both from Notre Dame de Namur University. Brian has also earned the highest levels of professional certifications in wastewater treatment.

Mario Rendon

Mario Rendon serves as District Director for State Assemblymember Kevin Mullin. He develops the communications, public relations and constituent service strategy for the office and supervises a small team that represents Mr. Mullin in the 22nd Assembly District within San Mateo County. He has over twenty year’s experience working with elected officials at the local, state and federal level developing public policy.

Jerry’s public service started with his local neighborhood association that progressed to the California State Assembly and Senate where he authored legislation resulting in laws on issues related to consumer protection, utility safety, coastal protection, public health, education and the environment. Jerry was born and raised in San Francisco, receiving his BA from the University of California, Berkeley and a Teaching Credential from San Francisco State University.

Magda Gonzalez

Magda was most recently the City Manager for the City of Half Moon Bay, California. Prior she was the City Manager of East Palo Alto, California and Assistant City Manager, Redwood City. Magda was President of Cal-ICMA, representing the Local Government Hispanic Network and serves on the Board of Directors for the San Mateo Credit Union and the Latino Leadership Council of San Mateo County. Magda is also a member of ICMA and the State Bar of California and received several awards and recognitions, including Career Excellence Award (WLG) and the Ethical Hero Award from Cal-ICMA.

Jeremy Dennis

Jeremy currently serves as Portola Valley Town Manager. Previously, he’s worked for elected officials at all governance levels, including twice as District Director for local assemblymembers. He worked as the Palo Alto Long Range Planning Director, and for San Mateo County in management roles. Jeremy has a Masters in Urban Planning from the London School of Economics, and graduated from UC Davis studying US History/Political Science.

Kate Comfort-Harr

Kate is Executive Director of HIP Housing, a nonprofit specializing in creative affordable housing solutions throughout San Mateo County. Kate is a frequent speaker on a wide array of affordable housing topics and is passionate about the cultivation of collaborations between the private, public and social sectors. She serves on the Board of Directors for the San Mateo Credit Union and was awarded the Chamber San Mateo County’s 2020 Business Woman of the Year Award.

Program Director for Master of Public Administration

Jerome nadel.

Jerome Nadel is Internationally experienced design-led marketing executive (CMO and GM) with a track record of improved market position, revenue growth, and M&A. He is an advance degreed psychologist and user experience product/service design expert, board member and advisor. Jerome recently retired from Rambus as where he was CMO and GM of the security software division that he led the sale to Visa. He has had a variety of chief marketing officer and chief user experience officer roles at companies including Human Factors International, SLP InfoWare, Gemplus, and Sagem. He started his career in the IBM Human Factors Labs. He is also an avid cyclist with National and multiple California State Champion titles.

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Demystifying Graduate Degrees: Comparing Master’s vs. Doctorate

You want a graduate degree — to continue exploring your passions, make discoveries or advance your career — but how do you turn that decision into a plan?

It starts with understanding the difference between a master’s and a PhD in your field. They differ in length, intensity, curriculum and career paths, so you’ll also need a clear idea of why you want to pursue a graduate degree to determine which one you should get.

What Is a Master’s Degree?

If you’ve completed your undergraduate degree, it might be time to ask, “What’s next?”

That’s where Master’s degrees can come in.

Whether you want to specialize in a particular area or get advanced skills in your profession, a master’s degree can help you get there in 1-2 years.

The most common types of master's degrees include:

• Master of Arts (MA),
• Master of Science (MS),
• Master of Business Administration (MBA),
• Master of Education (MEd),
• and Master of Fine Arts (MFA). 

What do you learn in a master’s program?

The short answer? A lot.

Master’s degree programs are designed to build on the foundational knowledge gained during your undergraduate studies, and the curriculum focuses on advanced knowledge and skills in a particular field.

Here’s what you can expect to encounter in a master’s program:

Advanced coursework:  Master's programs provide advanced courses that build upon the foundational knowledge gained during your undergraduate studies. These courses delve deeper into specific topics within your field and often explore the latest research and developments. 

Specialization:  One of the primary goals of a master's program is to allow you to specialize in a particular area. Whether pursuing a Master of Arts, Master of Science, or a professional degree like an MBA, you can focus your studies on a specific subfield or concentration within your discipline. 

Research and analysis:   Many master's programs require you to engage in research projects and analytical work. This could involve conducting independent research under the guidance of a faculty advisor or participating in group research projects with fellow students. Through these research experiences, you’ll develop critical thinking and analytical skills, learn how to gather and evaluate relevant data and draw meaningful conclusions.

Practical applications and internships:  Some master's programs incorporate practical training opportunities like internships, practicums, or field experiences; hands-on experiences allow you to apply the knowledge and skills gained in the classroom to real-world settings.

Collaboration and networking:  A Master's program is a rich collaboration and networking environment. Collaborative projects, group discussions, and professional events allow you to exchange ideas and build connections within your field, often leading to long-lasting professional relationships and potential career opportunities.

Thesis project:   Outside of building skills like project management, problem-solving, project management, and effective communication, thesis projects in master's degree programs serve as a cornerstone for building advanced skills, expanding professional networks, and contributing to the body of knowledge in your respective field. 

Why get a master’s degree?

Career advancement: One primary advantage of getting a master’s degree is an edge in the job market. Employers value the specialized knowledge and advanced skills that come with a master’s degree, opening up new and exciting career opportunities.  The cherry on top? Individuals with a master’s degree often earn more than those without an advanced degree — you can take that to the bank, especially if you set yourself up for financial success during your studies. Flexibility: Another aspect to consider is the flexibility that a master’s degree offers. Many programs offer part-time or online options, allowing you to balance your studies with work or other commitments.  This flexibility can be particularly helpful if you’re already established in your career but want to gain additional qualifications.  Growth opportunities: Depending on your field, a master’s degree can be a stepping stone toward a PhD or other doctoral programs. It gives you a solid foundation in research methods and academic rigor — a boon if you want to pursue a career in academia or conduct advanced research.

What is a Doctoral Degree or PhD?

A doctoral degree is a terminal degree — it represents the pinnacle of academic achievement and is the most advanced degree you can attain. Doctoral students want to become authorities in their chosen fields and develop the skills to conduct independent and original research. 

Doctoral programs usually span 3-6 years of full-time study, during which students complete advanced coursework, pass comprehensive examinations, engage in extensive research and ultimately produce a dissertation that contributes new knowledge to the field. 

There are several types of doctoral degrees based on different academic and professional aspirations, including:

• Doctor of Philosophy (PhD),
• Doctor of Education (EdD),
• And Doctor of Psychology (PsyD), among others. 

What do you learn in a doctoral program?

When you successfully defend your dissertation and complete your degree, you also become an expert in your field — but it doesn’t happen overnight. Here's what you can expect to encounter in a doctoral program:

Advanced research: If you’re looking for a hard emphasis on research, a doctoral program is the place to be. Over several years, PhD students engage in extensive research activities — including conducting independent research, producing scholarly publications, and contributing to the knowledge base of their field through original research contributions.

Theoretical and conceptual frameworks:  PhDs are an incredible opportunity to deepen your understanding of theoretical and conceptual frameworks in your field of study. You'll critically analyze existing theories, evaluate their applicability, and develop your theoretical frameworks to advance knowledge and understanding in your chosen area of research.

Advanced methodological training:  Because a dissertation is an original research project, you’ll gain advanced training in research methodologies and data analysis techniques, like designing robust research studies, collecting and analyzing data, and drawing valid and reliable conclusions from your research findings.

Critical thinking and intellectual independence: Both academia and industry employers highly value independent thinkers and workers. Doctoral programs foster critical thinking and intellectual independence by challenging you to evaluate existing research, identify gaps in knowledge, and propose innovative research ideas. Teaching and Mentoring Experience: Being a teacher or mentor is a great opportunity to share your hard-earned knowledge, and universities agree. Doctoral programs often provide opportunities to teach and mentor undergraduate students, develop effective pedagogical skills, and contribute to the academic community.

Dissertation project:  Your dissertation is the culmination of years of hard work within your field. By enrolling in a doctoral program, you’re also given the chance to participate in a significant and original research endeavor that demonstrates the expertise you’ve worked so hard to cultivate.

Why Get a Doctorate?

Having a doctorate doesn’t just open doors; it can kick them down. A doctorate might be right for you if you’re looking for a door to these things:

Expertise and specialization:  Doctoral degrees can be a labor of love. They help you delve deeper into a specific subject area, gaining expertise and specialization.

Research opportunities:  Extensive research training, opportunities for conducting original research, and contributing new knowledge to the academic community — these three things make a doctorate coveted by students, universities, and employers.

Salary potential and career advancement: In some fields, having a doctorate can lead to higher earning potential and increased salary opportunities. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics , doctoral degree holders made an average of $1,885 per week in 2020, while master’s degree holders made an average of $1,545 per week.

Contribution to society:  Doctoral research often addresses pressing societal issues, contributing to advancements in technology, healthcare, education, and other areas for the benefit of society — for many students, contributing to the greater good is just as rewarding as career advancement or personal development.

What’s the difference between a dissertation and a thesis?

You might have heard “thesis” and “dissertation” used interchangeably, but they’re not quite the same. Here are the general distinctions to consider:

• A thesis is usually associated with a master's degree program. Students undertake a research project in the final stage of their degree.
• It typically involves conducting original research or analyzing existing research to answer a specific research question.
• The length of a thesis varies based on the field and program requirements, but it’s usually shorter than a dissertation.

Dissertation:

• A dissertation is typically associated with a doctoral degree program. It is an extensive, in-depth research project that marks the culmination of a doctoral program.
• in-depth exploration of a research topic
• comprehensive literature review
• methodology section
• data collection and analysis
• substantive discussion of findings and conclusions.
• Dissertations are usually longer than theses and may take several years to complete.
• Once you’ve completed your dissertation, you participate in a formal defense of the research, where you’ll present your findings to a committee of experts in the field.

Key Differences: Master's vs. PhD

Deciding between master's vs. phd programs.

“Should I get a master’s degree or a PhD?”

Answering that question can be exciting — and a bit intimidating. You must consider long-term career objectives, personal interests, and the time you can commit. Plus, the level of specialization you wish to achieve based on your career path is also a factor. Typically, a PhD is a prerequisite for those aspiring to research careers in academia, while professional roles in various industries may require only a master's degree. 

It’s still worth noting that students have the option of completing a master's degree first and then, based on their experiences and career aspirations, deciding whether to pursue a PhD.

Find the right graduate degree at SMU 

A graduate degree is a big investment, so investing in the right program is important.

SMU offers a diverse array of master's and PhD programs tailored to align with your unique interests and career goals, and personalized support, from the applicant to the graduate, is always available. 

Whether you're interested in pursuing a PhD in Chemistry or are almost finished with your MBA, we can help you find the right advanced degree.

This could just be the beginning of your journey. Get a closer look at applying to graduate programs of your choice with our guide, How to Get a PhD: A Guide to Choosing and Applying to PhD Programs .

Learn More About

Doctoral degrees at SMU, and how you can choose the right program and thrive in it, in our Guide to Getting a PhD.

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Master’s in Education Requirements & Outcomes

Teachers lead students to better outcomes, so it’s natural that many educators seek leadership roles as they advance their teaching careers. While individuals who earn a bachelor’s degree may be qualified for entry-level education positions, those interested in pursuing leadership or managerial roles, or positions with greater autonomy, may choose to pursue an advanced education. Earning a master’s degree in a related field, such as a Master of Education (MEd) in Education Policy and Leadership, can equip individuals with the advanced knowledge needed to pursue higher-level positions in education. 

What Is a Master’s in Education? Master’s in Education Options

A master’s in education is an advanced degree designed to help individuals further their professional development. Students can specialize in areas such as special education, early childhood education, education policy, or educational leadership, among others, depending on their interests. 

In addition to helping individuals develop instructional skills in a particular area, earning an MEd also helps them gain expertise in leading students to achieve better outcomes. 

There are many options for master’s in education program graduates, such as:

• School principal
• Corporate trainer
• School superintendent
• School counselor
• Childcare director
• Higher education administrator
• Learning specialist

Educators interested in applying to a master’s in education program can choose from several specialization tracks. Common concentrations for MEd programs include the following:

MEd in Early Education

This type of master’s degree program is designed for educators interested in improving their understanding of and skills in teaching prekindergarten through grade three. Topics covered in an MEd in early education often include:

• Methodologies for teaching young students
• Educational psychology 
• Emotional and social growth in young learners

On completion of this program, graduates are well-prepared to meet the emotional, social, and educational needs of young learners.

MEd in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

Aspiring educators interested in teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects are likely to be drawn toward this program concentration. Coursework in an MEd in STEM often focuses on preparing individuals to become leaders in STEM education. Sample course topics include: 

• Engineering concepts and principles
• Advanced mathematics
• How students learn STEM subjects

MEd in Education Policy and Leadership

This MEd concentration provides educators with the foundational knowledge needed to transform schools and pursue leadership positions in state and federal education agencies, such as the Department of Education, nonprofits, and public and private school districts. 

Coursework in this concentration is designed to provide individuals with the skills needed to administer educational programs and policies. Sample course topics include:

• Educational leadership and organizational change
• Education law and policy
• Education and public policy

MEd in Special Education

This concentration provides students with the advanced knowledge and skills required to meet the diverse needs of special needs students, such as those with orthopedic, visual, and hearing impairments; intellectual disabilities, such as Down syndrome; and learning disabilities, such as language processing disorder and dyslexia. 

Coursework topics in an MEd in special education often include:

• Assessment strategies
• Foundations in special education
• Methods for teaching math and language arts to students with special needs

MEd in Curriculum and Instruction

This MEd concentration is designed for educators interested in becoming leaders in instruction and curriculum design. It provides students with broad knowledge in a variety of topics, including research-based best practices in teaching and how to provide developmentally appropriate modules for students of various ages and educational backgrounds. 

Coursework topics in this concentration may include:

• Theories and trends in curriculum design 
• Teaching in diverse classrooms
• Creating learning environments for gifted children

Core Courses in an MEd Program

As noted above, coursework in an MEd program can vary depending on the program’s area of concentration. For example, while courses in a program with a special education concentration emphasize instruction methodologies for students with mild to moderate disabilities, courses in a program with a STEM concentration focus on techniques and best practices for teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, core coursework topics in all Master of Education programs often include:

• Teaching English-language learners
• Teaching English as a second language (ESL) learners
• Theories in educational leadership
• Accountability in student learning 
• Foundations in child growth and development
• Trends in early childhood, middle school, and high school education
• Curriculum planning and assessment

How Long It Takes to Get a Master’s Degree in Education

The length of time it takes to complete a master’s degree in education can vary based on several factors, such as the credit hour requirement of the program and whether an individual is enrolled as a part-time or full-time student. For example, although some MEd programs require students to complete 30 credit hours before they’re eligible to graduate, other programs may require students to complete between 36 and 40 credit hours before they’re eligible to graduate. 

Additionally, while full-time students often find they can complete their MEd program in approximately two years, part-time students may find it takes them three to five years to complete their studies, depending on their course load.

Master’s in Education Requirements for Admission

Admissions requirements for MEd programs can vary depending on the college or university. For example, some programs require applicants to hold a bachelor’s degree, but other master’s in education programs offer students the opportunity to earn both their undergraduate and graduate degrees in a combined bachelor’s-master’s degree program.  

Additionally, some programs require applicants to submit standardized test scores, such as Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scores, as part of their application packet, but others do not. Typical MEd admissions requirements include:

• Submission of a resume or CV
• Payment of an application fee
• Submission of a completed application 
• Submission of official college transcripts from all past colleges and universities an applicant has attended
• A minimum undergraduate grade point average (GPA) or quality point average (QPA)
• Submission of between one and three letters of recommendation
• Completion of a minimum number of years of full-time work experience

Possible Career Paths for MEd Graduates

Graduates of MEd programs can pursue any of a host of career opportunities in the public, private, and educational sectors. Roles include the following:

School Principal

School principals oversee the day-to-day operations and activities at the institution they work for. Data from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indicates that most professionals aspiring to advance to this position must meet an advanced degree requirement, such as a master’s in education policy and leadership, in addition to prior teaching experience to be considered for this role. Other typical job duties for elementary school principals include:

• Counseling students
• Developing and implementing curriculum standards
• Evaluating teachers’ performance
• Establishing class schedules

Payscale reports that, as of June 2022, the median salary for elementary school principals was around $85,900 per year. 

Corporate Trainer

Corporate trainers are educators who work in a corporate setting. They provide training on various topics, such as leadership, time management, and communication, to management and staff. While some professionals in this field work for one organization, full-time and in-house, others work with consulting firms to provide training services on a short-term or as-needed basis. Most corporate trainers have advanced degrees or experience in the field of education.  

Typical job duties for corporate trainers include:

• Developing specialized curricula based on the needs of their clients or the organization they work for
• Providing skills training
• Monitoring the effectiveness of training programs
• Developing and teaching courses on professional development 

Payscale reports that, as of June 2022, the median salary for corporate trainers was around $57,800 per year. 

School Superintendent

A school superintendent’s role is akin to that of a CEO. In addition to overseeing the budgets, general administration, and operations of all of the schools in the district they work for, school superintendents play a key role in liaising between teachers, school staff, and the school board. School superintendents should earn a relevant master’s degree, such as an MEd in education policy and leadership, to qualify for the role. Other typical duties for school superintendents include:

• Communicating the school board’s vision to school principals and staff
• Regulating school curricula and programming
• Hiring school principals and administrators
• Communicating with members of the media as needed

Payscale reports that, as of June 2022, the median school superintendent salary was around $125,900.

School Counselor

School counselors listen to and address students’ concerns about a variety of issues, including social issues, such as bullying; academic concerns, such as truancy and poor study habits; and personal matters, such as problems at home. Most positions in this field require at least a master’s degree in a related field and excellent interpersonal and communication skills. 

Although their exact duties can vary based on the age group of the students they work with, common daily duties for school counselors include:

• Providing students with guidance on how to deal with personal, social, and academic problems
• Providing students with individual or group counseling as needed
• Implementing and overseeing programs designed to combat bullying, substance abuse, and teen pregnancy, among other topics
• Referring students to other professionals, such as mental health professionals or substance abuse counselors, as needed

Payscale reports that, as of June 2022, the median salary for school counselors was around $51,100 per year. 

Childcare Center Director

Similar to school principals, childcare directors oversee the daily operations of the facility they work for. In addition to supervising staff and developing educational standards, professionals in this field are also responsible for all aspects of the center’s functioning, including before- and after-school programs, daily activities, and facility safety protocols. While there isn’t usually a master’s in education requirement for this role, an advanced education can help graduates gain essential leadership skills for running childcare centers. Other common duties for childcare center directors include:

• Hiring, onboarding, and training childcare staff
• Developing educational programs 
• Preparing and monitoring budgets
• Establishing policies, such as pickup and drop-off procedures, and communicating them to parents and caregivers

The BLS reports that, as of May 2021, the median annual wage for childcare center directors was $47,310.

Higher Education Administrator

Higher education administrators work in postsecondary institutions in a variety of capacities. They may hold roles in admissions, student affairs, or work as provost or dean of a university. They ensure that postsecondary institutions run smoothly from an administrative standpoint, and may also help implement policies to do so. Most higher education administrators need a master’s degree. Their duties may include: 

• Overseeing course admissions and registration
• Producing, monitoring, and analyzing student data 
• Helping students with housing, academics, or other personal issues 
• Managing and maintaining extracurricular programs or activities

According to the BLS, higher education administrators earn a median annual salary of $96,910 as of May 2021.

Learning Specialist 

Learning specialists support students who need additional academic guidance. They work with students and their families to develop individualized strategies to help students succeed. They may also teach other educators and parents about learning differences in students. A bachelor’s degree is required for becoming a learning specialist, but some employers have an advanced degree requirement, like a master’s in education. Other duties for learning specialists include: 

• Providing resources to parents and teachers for student success 
• Assessing students for potential learning differences 
• Utilizing and understanding teaching method developments 

The average annual salary for a learning specialist is $60,046 as of June 2022, according to Payscale. 

Benefits of an Online MEd Program

Individuals interested in pursuing a master’s in education have numerous in-person and online programs to choose from; however, earning an MEd online comes with valuable benefits. 

• Online learning is flexible: Traditional in-person college requires students to drive to campus to attend lectures. Adult learners who have familial and professional obligations, including but not limited to attending their children’s sporting events or needing to travel to attend corporate events, may find that carving out time for on-campus learning can be difficult. Online MEd programs allow students to stream lectures and complete their coursework from anywhere they have an internet connection. 
• Online learning is accessible : Unlike traditional in-person master’s degree programs, online programs allow students to attend their lectures from any location that has a Wi-Fi connection. This holds true regardless of whether a student is at their desk at home or lounging poolside at a hotel on the Caribbean coast.
• Online programs allow students to apply newly learned skills in real time : One of the greatest benefits associated with online college is the opportunity to study and upskill while working. This may help students gain more advantages and autonomy in their current position. 
• Students have an opportunity to refine their time-management skills : Time management ranks high among employers’ most sought-after skills. Taking classes online, while balancing coursework against professional and personal obligations, helps students develop an in-demand skill that is helpful not only in their studies but in their professorial roles as well.
• Online learning isn’t limited by geography : With traditional in-person master’s programs, students either need to move to live close to the school they want to attend or enroll at a school that is within driving distance of where they live. Online MEd programs allow students to evaluate course offerings at colleges and universities throughout the US, and choose the degree program that best aligns with their goals and professional interests.

Earn Your MEd and Take Your Teaching Career to the Next Level

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment in education and training professions will grow by 10 percent between 2020 and 2030, which is about as fast as the average growth projected for all occupations. Roughly 920,500 new jobs are projected to be added during that period, and additional teachers and education professionals will be needed to meet that demand.

Professionals interested in pursuing advanced, managerial, and/or more autonomous roles in this field are likely to find that completing a master’s degree program, such as an Online Master of Education in Education Policy and Leadership program, can prepare them for the next step in their professional journey.  

Are you ready to take the next step in your professional journey? Discover how earning an Online Master of Education in Education Policy and Leadership degree from American University can equip you with the personal leadership and collaboration skills to influence policy and effect equitable change in education to benefit the students of tomorrow.

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What’s Next After a Master’s Degree? Careers in Education Policy

Betterteam, Curriculum Designer Job Description

Betterteam, Learning Specialist Job Description

Betterteam, School Counselor Job Description

Houston Chronicle, “What Are the Duties of a Superintendent of Public Instruction?”

Indeed, How to Become a Corporate Trainer

Payscale, Average Corporate Trainer Salary 

Payscale, Average Elementary School Principal Salary

Payscale, Average Learning Specialist Salary

Payscale, Average School Counselor Salary

US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Education, Training, and Library Occupations

US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Elementary, Middle, and High School Principals

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DEGREES & PROGRAMS

Master of Science in Education Degree Programs

Amanda, M.S. Curriculum & Instruction student

WGU M.S. in Education Programs

An online master's degree for those who have educational experience and...

An online master's degree for those who have educational experience and are looking to further their careers with a graduate program focused on curriculum development and design.

• Time: 62% of students earn this degree within 12 months.
• Tuition:  $3,975 per 6-month term.
• Courses: 10 total courses in this program.

Skills for your résumé included in this program:

• Differentiated Instruction
• Curriculum and Instruction Design
• Educational Research

Help schools create engaging, meaningful, and memorable learning experiences to improve learning outcomes for all students with this M.S. degree.

An online master's degree for current teachers looking to move into a...

An online master's degree for current teachers looking to move into a school or district leadership position, like principal, vice principal, or administrator.

• Time:  60% of grads earned this degree within 23 months.
• Tuition: $3,975 per 6-month term.
• Courses: 13 total courses in this program.

This program is for licensed teachers who are ready to take the next step in their education career.

• School Financial Leadership
• People & Talent
• School Operations and Management
• Leadership Ethics

Put your leadership skills to good use—in the service of America's children—with this education master's degree. 

States that do not accept this program: Alabama, Connecticut, Georgia, Hawaii, Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota.

The M.Ed. in Education Technology and Instructional Design from WGU is for...

The M.Ed. in Education Technology and Instructional Design from WGU is for instructional designers tasked with creating engaging and immersive virtual learning experiences that can substitute for on-ground instruction.

No teaching license required.

• Time: 62% of students finish this program in 10 months.
• Tuition:  $3,975 per 6-month term
• Courses:  12 total courses in this program.

This program includes two tracks for students to choose from:

• The K-12 pathway
• The Adult Learner pathway
• Learning Experience Design
• Assessment and Learning Analytics
• Learning Technology
• Research Methodology

Develop training and instruction expertise to help you in the classroom, in educational settings, or in corporate world.

What Is a Master of Science in Education?

An M.S. in Education is a graduate degree that helps current and future educators, or those interested in training and instruction, gain the skills and qualifications necessary to advance in their careers. A master's degree can help teachers move beyond the classroom into administrative roles, whether that’s a step up into a leadership position like principal, vice principal, or administrator, or a job in curriculum development and design. It also can help those who want to move into an instructional field get the qualifications they need to become a curriculum designer, instructional trainer, and more.

The advanced education master's degree programs at WGU include rigorous coursework and curriculum that prepare you to better help students learn while setting yourself up to progress in your career. WGU graduate programs in education can be completed online on your schedule, making it possible for you to continue teaching or working while you progress toward a master’s degree. We also value the skills you already possess—our unique competency-based education model lets you progress through courses more quickly using your existing knowledge. Teacher education is key for allowing educators to progress in their careers and their lives.

How Long Does an M.S. in Education Program Take?

On average, most students take about 24 months to complete a Master of Science in Education program. However, with competency-based coursework, you can use your experience and time to accelerate your lessons and graduate faster.

*WGU Internal Data

How Much Does an M.S. in Education Cost?

At WGU, the Master of Science programs are $3,975 per six-month term. Students can take as many courses as they are able during that term and not pay more. This allows them to save time, and money.

How Do You Abbreviate Master of Science in Education

Aknowledged abbreviations include M.S. in Education, an M.S.Ed, Msc(Ed), or an M.S.E. Sometimes you’ll even see it as simply MS in Education.

Who should get a Master of Science in Education Degree?

Some master's degrees in education will require that you have a bachelor’s degree in education and are a licensed teacher. Others will just require a bachelor’s degree, or a degree and some teaching experience. It’s important to understand the requirements before you apply. A desire to move into academic administration and leadership will require a teaching license, while curriculum design will require some instructional experience. The learning experience design and educational technology at WGU simply requires you hold a bachelor's degree.

Many of our Master of Education students are current teachers looking to improve their qualifications, pay, and career outlook. If you’re ready to change the trajectory of your career to be an educational leader or impact the curriculum for students, an M.S. in education could be a critical first step. 

Other M.S. in Education students are business professionals looking to develop their instructional and training focus and progress their career in that way. Whatever your background and future aspirations, there is a Master of Education program that can fit your needs.

Accredited, Respected, Recognized™

The Teachers College at Western Governors University is granted accreditation for its programs from CAEP, the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation, 1140 19th St NW, Suite 400 Washington, DC 20036 (202) 223-0077. 

Every education program offered through the WGU Teachers College has been awarded full accreditation by the Association for Advancing Quality in Educator Preparation (AAQEP) through 2025.

WGU is a top conferrer of STEM degrees that is partnered with Beyond100K. WGU joins nonprofits, government agencies, companies, and foundations to combat challenges and prepare more teachers for STEM teaching positions nationwide.

Learn About a Career in Education

Why choose wgu for your education master's degree.

WGU is a great place to pursue your M.S. degree for many reasons:

• Low, flat-rate tuition means that you're charged the same amount per six-month term, regardless of how many classes you take.
• Competency-based curriculum means you can use your knowledge to your advantage, passing assessments to accelerate your program and graduate faster. Graduating faster also saves you money.
• We offer scholarships and financial aid to help with our already affordable tuition, making college education accessible for even more students.
• Respected and accredited programs ensure that your M.S. degree is meaningful for you as an educator. Accreditation adds validity and value to your degree.

What's the Difference Between an M.Ed and an M.S.?

There are a few differences between a Master’s in Education (M.Ed) degree and an M.S. in Education degree. While both are Master of Education degrees, they prepare you to advance your career in different ways.

For example, an M.Ed, or Master of Arts in Education can work for those who are current teachers, looking to expand their knowledge and qualifications.

An M.S. in Education degree, on the other hand, qualifies current teachers and those with experience in academics to work in leadership positions including principal, vice principal, and superintendent, or in roles focused on curriculum development. It is also a great fit for those in the corporate world who are interested in setting themselves up for success in new ways. With a focus on learning styles, technology, and instruction, a Master of Arts in Education program can uniquely qualify you for specific roles in training and instruction.

What Can You Do With a Master of Science in Education?

There are many career options for those with an education graduate degree, including:

• Vice principal
• Superintendent
• Curriculum designer
• Instructional coordinator
• Education consultant
• Learning experience designer
• Educational technologist

A degree in educational leadership will allow you to work in administrative roles anywhere, from elementary schools to high schools. On the other hand, a Master of Education in Curriculum and Instruction will focus more on careers where you set the standards. If you want to improve literacy, build coursework, create certification programs, and other educational systems, this graduate program could be a good fit for you. And a degree in learning experience design and educational technology can help you advance in the corporate world with specialization in training and instruction.

What Are The Benefits of a Master of Science in Education Program?

A Master of Science in Education program can help you progress in your career within education. With this particular master’s degree, you could enjoy a number of benefits including:

• The ability to make a career change. If you’re looking to move out of teaching and into a leadership role, earning a Master of Science in Education is a great stepping stone. With your M.S.Ed, you could be prepared to look for jobs as a principal, administrator, or curriculum developer.
• Increased earning potential. The jobs you qualify for with an M.Ed often have a much higher pay grade. Working as a principal, developing curriculum, or being a district administrator requires not only in-depth knowledge of teaching techniques and student development, but also a broader skill set that includes an understanding of managerial practices and additional policies.
• Improved job security. The more qualified you are, the more valuable you become. A Master of Science in Education will bolster your résumé and provide evidence of your qualifications. An advanced degree could help you stand out and be considered for administrative roles for which educators without a master’s degree will not be considered.
• An expanded professional network. Pursuing an M.S. degree in education allows you to grow your network. Connect with like-minded educators to gain additional perspectives, helpful career advice, and pathways to career progression beyond your current school and district.
• Added respect. Earning a master’s degree in education can earn you a stamp of approval from your peers and higher-ups. A master’s degree is symbolic of your dedication to education and student success and it will help you distinguish yourself within your circle and beyond.

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Mills College

Single subject education.

The Educators for Liberation, Justice, and Joy (ELJJ) programs at The School of Education at Mills College at Northeastern University provide accessible and solid options for teacher candidates. These programs are founded on a mission to critically examine the roles of educators within varied sociopolitical and cultural contexts. They emphasize culturally sustaining, anti-racist, and universally designed practices. The core goal is to develop a community of transformative teacher leaders who are committed to critical reflection and practice, with the aim of challenging dominant ideologies and advancing educational equity.

The Educators for Liberation, Justice, and Joy (ELJJ) programs at The School of Education at Mills College at Northeastern University provide accessible and solid options for teacher candidates. All Multiple and Single Subject Preliminary Credential program options are included in Multiple Subject and Single Subject MA programs, respectively. These programs are founded on a mission to critically examine the roles of educators within varied sociopolitical and cultural contexts. They emphasize culturally sustaining, anti-racist, and universally designed practices. The core goal is to develop a community of transformative teacher leaders who are committed to critical reflection and practice, with the aim of challenging dominant ideologies and advancing educational equity.

The Preliminary Multiple and Single Subject Education programs are designed to prepare educators to teach effectively in K-12 classrooms. The Preliminary Single Subject Credential Program caters to those aspiring to teach subjects such as art, English, social sciences, world languages, science, and mathematics. The curriculum is built upon praxis, integrating theory with practice. This includes a cognitive apprenticeship model that combines coaching and inquiry in real classroom settings. The programs incorporate culturally relevant pedagogy, humanizing education, and academic rigor, all tailored to equip teacher candidates for diverse teaching roles in California's varied cultural, linguistic, and social landscapes. Offering both traditional and internship pathways, these programs provide flexible professional learning options. They require a summer session dedicated to preparing candidates for full-time teaching responsibilities, with a strong focus on classroom inquiry, reflection, and collaboration. Graduates are well-prepared for roles in diverse California classrooms, embodying the programs' commitment to anti-racist, gender-inclusive, and culturally responsive teaching principles.

Our programs cultivate educators who are proficient in their respective fields and who champion social justice and educational transformation. The ELJJ programs are envisioned as groundbreaking educational initiatives, set to significantly influence the field of education through their focus on liberation, justice, and joy. You can learn more bout how our programs meet the standards set by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing here .

More Details

Unique features.

• Two credentialing pathways: Student Teaching and Intern Teaching
• Anti-racist, culturally and gender-inclusive praxis, inquiry stance toward practice
• The program spans two years (five semesters)
• In one academic year, meet requirements for a preliminary teaching credential
• Lesson study cohort-based program: The program year begins at its earnest in early summer, engaging students in community building exercises while completing course work in a summer school context; coach-led cohorts are multidisciplinary and across grade levels
• Our academic coordinator and credential analyst is available to guide you through the  CCTC  aspects of the application, orientation to the degree program, and completion of the program

Program Objectives

The Educators for Liberation, Justice, and Joy (ELJJ) Master of Arts (MA) in Single Subject Education focuses on racial and gender justice for educational equity and access. 

You will be a part of a community of transformative teacher leaders who commit to critical reflection and practice, and who advance educational equity in the field.

Program Requirements  

36 credits   

Of these, 30 credits of coursework and fieldwork satisfy—during the first academic year— all standards for a preliminary single subject teaching credential.  

• Twelve credits are completed during a summer session intensive prior to most districts’ first day of school; these prerequisites position students to teach full time during the fall and spring semesters.  
• Return within five years to enroll in two additional courses (six credits total) to attain your master’s degree.  
• Meet Teaching Performance Expectations (TPEs) defined by the CCTC. 

Career Outlook

Graduates of the program will:

• Understand and apply anti-racist teaching practice principles in planning and teaching academic content.
• Demonstrate understanding and practical skills to plan curriculum, pedagogy, and assessment procedures that are appropriate for their respective teaching context.
• Demonstrate a professional ethos and professional practices that are culturally and gender-inclusive.
• Demonstrate an inquiry stance toward teaching practice and the ability to make decisions that are informed by empirical data.
• Graduates find employment in public, charter, and independent schools in California and beyond, benefiting from reciprocity arrangements with other states.

Testimonials

—tomás galguera, chair of humanities and education, mills college at northeastern university, —debra brown, head of the mills college children’s school, looking for something different.

A graduate degree or certificate from Northeastern—a top-ranked university—can accelerate your career through rigorous academic coursework and hands-on professional experience in the area of your interest. Apply now—and take your career to the next level.

Program Costs

Finance Your Education Ask about scholarships, fellowships, assistantships, and external funding resources.

How to Apply Learn more about the application process and requirements.

Requirements

• Application
• Application fee
• Letters of recommendation (2-3)
• Transcripts from all institutions attended
• Personal statement
• TOEFL, IELTS, PTE, or Duolingo exam scores for applicants whose native language is not English

Program Prerequisites

• Bachelor’s degree from a regionally accredited institution
• Satisfy California Basic Skills Requirement ( CBEST ) per CCTC policies
• Satisfy Single- or Multiple-Subject Matter Requirements in any one of the ways  allowed by the CCTC
• 80/40 hours of practical experience; volunteer or paid work in a school or other educational setting

About the requirement:  All Mills College at Northeastern University credential program applicants must satisfy the  Basic Skills Requirement  before program admittance.

What to submit:  The applicant must upload proof of meeting the Basic Skills Requirement for the credential analyst to review and approve when submitting the application for admission.

Are You an International Student? Find out what additional documents are required to apply.

Admissions Details Learn more about the admissions process, policies, and required materials.

Admissions Dates

Summer term, industry-aligned courses for in-demand careers..

For 100+ years, we’ve designed our programs with one thing in mind—your success. Explore the current program requirements and course descriptions, all designed to meet today’s industry needs and must-have skills.

View curriculum

The Educators for Liberation, Justice, and Joy (ELJJ) programs at The School of Education at Mills College at Northeastern University provide accessible options for teacher candidates. These programs are founded on a mission to critically examine the roles of educators within varied sociopolitical and cultural contexts. They emphasize culturally sustaining, anti-racist, and universally designed practices. The core goal is to develop a community of transformative teacher leaders who are committed to critical reflection and practice, and who will advance educational equity.

• The program spans two years
• Lesson study cohort-based program: The program year begins at its earnest in early summer, engaging students in community- building exercises while completing course work in a summer school context; coach-led cohorts are multidisciplinary and across grade levels

Our academic coordinator and credential analyst is available to guide you through the  CCTC  aspects of the application, orientation to the degree program, and completion of the program.

Experiential and Clinical Components

• Apprenticeship model combines coaching and inquiry.
• All students are paired with a university-appointed program supervisor.
• Student teacher supervisor with extensive teaching experience provides support.
• An intern teacher works full time as a teacher.
• Site supervisor provides support and navigation of the practices, policies, and resources of the school where the student works.

Our Faculty

Northeastern University faculty represents a broad cross-section of professional practices and fields, including finance, education, biomedical science, management, and the U.S. military. They serve as mentors and advisors and collaborate alongside you to solve the most pressing global challenges facing established and emerging markets.

Tomás Galguera

Cliff H. Lee

By enrolling in Northeastern, you’ll gain access to students at 13 campus locations, 300,000+ alumni, and 3,000 employer partners worldwide. Our global university system provides students unique opportunities to think locally and act globally while serving as a platform for scaling ideas, talent, and solutions.

Examples of jobs graduates may hold

• Mathematics teacher
• Science teacher
• Social science teacher
• Ethnic studies teacher
• Learning specialist
• English teacher
• Spanish teacher
• French teacher
• Arts teacher
• Curriculum specialist
• Literacy specialist

Mastery of Skills

• Asset-based pedagogical leadership
• Diversity, equity, and inclusion practices and implementation
• Educational technology
• Curricular design and instruction
• SEL Development and Instruction
• Culturally-affirming instructional design and teaching mastery
• Pedagogical content knowledge
• Diagnostics, assessment, and data analysis

Comprehensive Support for Students

In addition to university-wide resources, a network of support is provided by

• Academic coordinator and credential analyst
• Program-based supervisor/mentor
• School site-based supervisor/mentor
• Program administrators
• Clinical experience coordinator

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M.Ed. Degree Requirements

The Master of Education (M.Ed.) degree provides intermediate-level graduate training that enhances professional knowledge and prepares you for further graduate study, if desired. The information below is intended to be a guide; students should consult their faculty advisers for information pertaining specific programs. Each M.Ed. student must satisfy both Graduate School and College of Education minimum requirements in order to receive the degree. It is your responsibility to learn these requirements and ensure that your Course of Study is designed to meet them.

The Graduate School’s minimum requirements for the master’s degree are summarized below. A complete list and explanation of the requirements can be found here .

• A minimum of 36 quarter credits of graduate coursework, 18 of which must be in 500-level courses or above.
• Numerical grades must be received in at least 18 quarter credits of coursework taken at the UW at the 400 level or above (499 does not count).
• A minimum grade-point average of 3.0 is required to graduate, and a minimum grade of 2.7 must be earned in all courses counting toward the degree.
• No more than six graduate-level quarter credits can be transferred from other academic institutions (applies only to the master’s degree).
• Up to 12 graduate non-matriculated (GNM) credit hours can apply toward a master’s degree. (M.Ed. students who also wish to transfer credit hours from another institution may apply a combination of GNM and up to six approved transfer credits, totaling 12 credits).
• Thesis option students must complete a minimum of 9 Thesis credits (EDUC 700).

The College of Education’s minimum requirements for the M.Ed. degree are summarized below.

• A minimum of 45 credits of graduate (400- level or above) coursework.
• Removal of any X, N, or I grades from transcripts by completing courses. You must successfully complete these courses by the end of the quarter in which you expect to receive your degree, It is your responsibility to provide confirmation of converted grades.
• A minimum grade of 2.7 in all coursework used to satisfy M.Ed. requirements, and a minimum cumulative grade point average of 3.0.
• Fulfillment of culminating thesis, project, or exam, as well as other area requirements.

Program requirements

Upon admission to the M.Ed. program, you will be assigned a faculty adviser in your chosen program of study. Working together, you and your adviser will prepare a tentative Course of Study to meet your goals and the requirements of the program, the College of Education, and the UW. Although the role of faculty advisers is designed to assist students in completing the M.Ed. degree, it is your responsibility to follow all procedures and understand the requirements of the Graduate School and the College of Education.

Course of Study Forms

• If you are a student who started in 2016, please use this Course of Study form
• Education Policy
• Educational Organization, Leadership, & Policy Studies
• Instructional Leadership
• Leadership in Higher Education
• If you are a student who started before 2020, please use this  Course of Study form
• Measurement and Statistics
• Social & Cultural Foundations
• Special Education
• Special Education-Applied Behavior Analysis-On Campus
• Special Education-Applied Behavior Analysis-Online

Completing your culminating work

Every M.Ed. student must prepare a culminating work prior to graduation. The available options will differ depending on your chosen program of study, but will include at least one of the following:

• A comprehensive written exam, usually completed in one sitting.
• Research culminating in a formal master’s thesis, along with an oral defense.
• A portfolio project on a chosen topic, along with an oral presentation.

Registration in EDLPS 600, EDC&I 600, EDSPE 600, or EDPSY 600 (Independent Study or Research) is appropriate when completing a culminating project or research paper.

You should meet early with your assigned adviser to decide which option is best given your interests and aptitudes. In addition, you should create a plan for how to complete the requirements of a culminating work.  See here for clarification about the differences, requirements, and benefits of the different options.   

M.Ed. students completing a thesis

A student who chooses to complete a thesis will need to complete at least 9 thesis credit hours - this is specifically EDUC 700. Have your program cleared by your thesis committee before the oral defense. In addition, it is your responsibility to ensure that the thesis meets current Graduate School requirements. 

Review the Graduate School Thesis Checklist  and submission guidelines . Once you have successfully defended your thesis and completed any revisions requested by your committee, the remaining step is to submit your thesis to the Graduate School.

• Make note of the thesis submission deadlines established by the Graduate School
• Your thesis must also be submitted online by the last day of the quarter.

All title pages and all other pages that require signatures need to bear original signatures. Obtain original signatures on your Master’s Supervisory Committee Approval Form to be submitted online. See Dates and Deadlines .

The degrees you need for the fastest-growing health care jobs in America

Posted: December 23, 2023 | Last updated: December 23, 2023

The education requirements for the fastest-growing health care jobs

Health care professionals are already some of the most sought-after workers in the job market, and their prospects are only increasing. Bureau of Labor Statistics data indicates health care job opportunities will grow faster in the next decade than in other career fields. Every year, the number of projected openings in health care sits at just below 2 million.

Incredible Health identified the most common educational requirements among fast-growing health care jobs. Before sighing in disappointment, imagining long years of study and the debt accumulated from medical school, keep in mind that only one of the 20 fastest-growing professions in the health care industry requires a medical degree or a doctorate. According to the  BLS , most vacancies only require a high school diploma or equivalent.

Across the nation, the Health Resources and Services Administration estimates that at least 17,477 practitioners are needed to serve 101 million people lacking adequate primary medical care. Also, 76 million people require dental services, and 166 million do not have access to professional mental health care.

The demand for health care services will only grow as the U.S. population ages. All baby boomers—the second-largest adult generation—will be 65 or older by 2030, according to the Census Bureau .

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth grew exponentially for first-time consultations and follow-ups. And long after lockdown and social restrictions ended, telehealth has remained an alternative for outpatient consultations and pre-office evaluations, increasing the demand for digital health or health tech workers.

The following analysis ranks education levels based on the BLS' projections of  how many jobs will be added requiring that level of education . The fastest-growing occupations within each education category are also listed.

#6. Doctoral or professional degree

- Health care job growth at this education level, 2022-32: +87,500 jobs (+5.2%) - Fastest-growing health care jobs at this education level: --- Physical therapists (Projected job growth: +15.1%) --- Audiologists (+10.6%) --- Chiropractors (+8.8%)

Obtaining a doctorate can mean getting a Doctor of Medicine, a Doctor of Philosophy, or several other doctoral degrees, such as a Doctor of Physical Therapy, Audiology, or Chiropractic. These degrees all take several years of research and study. Candidates must have at least a bachelor's degree. Ph.D. candidates typically have one or more master's degrees.

Some degrees are field-specific, but others can be more generalized. Ph.D. graduates in the health care industry , for instance, may be highly specialized professionals in medical practices or hold the topmost executive positions in hospitals and pharmaceutical companies. Or they might participate in research in sensitive, complex areas such as neuroscience, oncology, epidemiology, or genetic engineering. They might even design software or other technical or technological tools for medical care.

#5. Associate's degree

- Health care job growth at this education level, 2022-32: +107,100 jobs (+10.7%) - Fastest-growing health care jobs at this education level: --- Physical therapist assistants (Projected job growth: +26.1%) --- Occupational therapy assistants (+24.0%) --- Health information technologists and medical registrars (+16.5%)

Health care professionals  with associate's degrees working in medical offices may be the intake clerk or the person processing insurance claims. Thousands of people in the health care industry have earned two- or three-year degrees, often at a community or technical college.

The annual income for associate degree holders in the medical field ranges significantly. For example, the median yearly pay for a medical assistant in 2022 was $38,000, while it was around $70,000 for a respiratory therapist.

#4. Master's degree

- Health care job growth at this education level, 2022-32: +221,100 jobs (+24.8%) - Fastest-growing health care jobs at this education level: --- Nurse practitioners (Projected job growth: +44.5%) --- Physician assistants (+26.5%) --- Speech-language pathologists (+19.3%)

A master's degree in the health care industry can make one's annual income grow to a six-digit number, a salary significantly higher than the $77,000 median wage paid to health care practitioners and technical workers.

Most medical specialists, such as advanced practice registered nurses or orthotists, need at least a master's degree before applying for a license to work with patients. In most cases, mid- and high-level medical professionals must keep their knowledge up-to-date through certifications and courses to periodically renew their licenses.

#3. Postsecondary nondegree award

- Health care job growth at this education level, 2022-32: +326,800 jobs (+7.3%) - Fastest-growing health care jobs at this education level: --- Massage therapists (Projected job growth: +18.3%) --- Medical assistants (+13.9%) --- Ophthalmic medical technicians (+12.7%)

An educational institution confers a postsecondary nondegree award, while a certification is issued by a professional organization or certifying body. Some postsecondary programs can take a few weeks of schooling, others up to a year or two.

Health care occupations requiring this type of credentials include phlebotomists, specialists who draw blood for testing, emergency medical technicians, and paramedics. The median annual wage for workers in this category has been above $37,000 since 2018.

#2. Bachelor's degree

- Health care job growth at this education level, 2022-32: +351,700 jobs (+8.4%) - Fastest-growing health care jobs at this education level: --- Medical and health services managers (Projected job growth: 28.4%) --- Therapists, all other (+12.2%) --- Exercise physiologists (+10.2%)

Countless opportunities in high-paying posts are available for professionals with bachelor's degrees who do not wish to attend medical school.

Although some occupations at this level are linked to medical practices, others are managerial or commercial positions , such as product managers in health care, who can earn a median $87,000 a year, or pharmaceutical sales representatives, whose median pay is $118,000 a year.

#1. High school diploma or equivalent

- Health care job growth at this education level, 2022-32: +847,800 jobs (+18.4%) - Fastest-growing health care jobs at this education level: --- Home health and personal care aides (Projected job growth: +21.7%) --- Hearing aid specialists (+14.5%) --- Health care support workers, all other (+5.7%)

More than 4 in 10 health care jobs that will be added in the next decade only require a high school diploma, and, according to a U.S. News study, more than 10 of the 25 best jobs for high school graduates are in the health care industry.

Skilled practitioners provide home health care to patients in their own homes under the direction of a physician. The vast majority of patients who require home health care are older people or those with chronic conditions that impair their ability to live independently. Even though this occupation doesn't require a postsecondary degree, workers assisting people with physical or cognitive challenges must possess specific qualities, such as empathy, compassion, reliability, and communication skills.

Training requirements for health and personal care aides differ from state to state.

Story editing by Jeff Inglis. Copy editing by Kristen Wegrzyn.

This story originally appeared on Incredible Health and was produced and distributed in partnership with Stacker Studio.

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What's the Difference Between a Paralegal and Legal Assistant?

• Haley DeLeon
• August 16, 2022

Legal , Paralegal

• Text-based Story

Both legal assistants and paralegals support lawyers’ work and typically ensure that law offices run smoothly. However, despite similar job titles, there is a difference between a paralegal and legal assistant. Discover the roles, responsibilities, educational requirements, and salary ranges for each.

What Is a Paralegal?

The American Bar Association (ABA) defines a paralegal as “a person, qualified by education, training, or work experience who is employed or retained by a lawyer, law office, corporation, governmental agency, or other entity and who performs specifically delegated substantive legal work for which a lawyer is responsible.”

In February 2020, the ABA updated this definition to remove the term “legal assistant” to “reflect terminology that more accurately represents the type of substantive work that paralegals perform.”

What Does a Paralegal Do?

A paralegal provides support to lawyers in nearly every facet of the legal profession, including:

• Investigating cases and evidence
• Conducting legal research
• Drafting legal documents, pleadings, and correspondence
• Writing reports or legal documents
• Summarizing interrogatories, depositions, and testimony
• Scheduling depositions
• Locating and interviewing clients
• Compiling and demonstrating exhibits used in court
• Filing appeals with opposing lawyers
• Attending legal proceedings with lawyers

The “substantive work” referenced in the ABA definition means that paralegals aren’t relegated to clerical tasks. Instead, their duties require a solid foundation of legal knowledge. Lawyers, as well as clients, often depend on paralegals. Sometimes clients will speak with paralegals to get a quick answer to basic questions about their cases.

Paralegals can specialize in different areas of the law, such as immigration, bankruptcy, litigation, personal injury, real estate, contract, tax, or criminal law, and typically work in law firms. However, paralegals may also work in government agencies, corporate legal departments, healthcare companies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), real estate and title companies, and the judicial system.

It's important to note that while paralegals possess legal knowledge, they are not allowed to hand out legal advice. As documented by the National Federation of Paralegal Associations (NFPA) , that’s reserved for lawyers. However, paralegals may interact with clients often and can also participate in meetings between lawyers and clients as well as planning sessions for case strategies. Paralegals may also bill clients for their services performed similarly to lawyers.

What Are the Educational Requirements for a Paralegal?

While educational requirements for paralegals can vary by employer, typically paralegals must earn a credential such as an associate or bachelor’s degree in paralegal studies. Alternatively, you can have a degree in any subject and then earn a certificate in paralegal studies . According to Indeed , paralegals who hold a paralegal certificate generally earn 15 percent more than the average base salary.

“It used to be that the terms paralegal and legal assistant were used interchangeably,” according to Tara McManus, manager-legal at Mednax, National Medical Group, who has been in the paralegal profession for over 25 years. “Around 2011, there was a big push to make a distinction made between the two titles. Legal assistant was a title being used by administrative professionals who were not considered paralegals. Secretaries in the legal field wanted to be called legal assistants, as the term secretary was becoming antiquated and looked down upon in the industry. Paralegals needed a degree from an ABA certified program and/or certification from a nationally ABA certified program like NALA or NFPA.”

McManus emphasized the importance of gaining relevant experience and training and having the right educational background to succeed in either position.

“Paralegals should have a degree, national certification, or extensive prior experience in drafting legal documents,” she said. “Legal assistants need experience in administrative support functions.”

What Is a Paralegal’s Salary and Job Outlook?

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) , paralegals and legal assistants earned a median annual wage of $56,230 in May 2021. Employment for paralegals and legal assistants is projected to grow 12 percent from 2020 to 2030, which is faster than the average for all occupations.

According to McManus, the salary potential for paralegals compared to legal assistants is higher, especially in law firms.

“Paralegals bill their time, so they are revenue generators for the firm. In law firms that use the title of legal assistant for their administrative staff, those positions do not bill their time,” she said. “If you generate revenue, you are more valuable and therefore can earn substantially more.”

What Is a Legal Assistant?

Legal assistants provide administrative support and customer service in a law office or similar setting. The term “legal assistant” can be used somewhat interchangeably with other job titles, including legal secretary and administrative assistant. According to the Association of Legal Administrators (ALA) , legal assistants “divide their time equally between paralegal tasks, including researching and preparing discovery, and legal secretary tasks, up to and including filing, docketing, and assisting their attorney in the practice of law.”

However, legal assistants can typically only take on paralegal tasks once they have had adequate education and training.

What Does a Legal Assistant Do?

Legal assistants typically handle more administrative work than paralegals, including the following duties:

• Scheduling meetings and keeping track of appointments
• Collecting evidence and legal documents
• Organizing and maintaining documents in paper and electronic filing systems
• Managing client billing
• Drafting and proofreading legal documents and correspondence
• Serving as a point of contact for clients
• Preparing legal documents and evidence
• Maintaining lawyers’ calendars

What Are the Educational Requirements for a Legal Assistant?

While there isn’t a particular educational background required to be a legal assistant, employers often seek a high school diploma or GED at a minimum.

What Is a Legal Assistant’s Salary and Job Outlook?

The BLS doesn’t distinguish between the salary expectations and job outlook for legal assistants and paralegals. However, according to the BLS , the median annual wage for legal secretaries and administrative assistants as of May 2021 was $47,710. Since these job titles may be conflated, it’s important to do your research on job duties and responsibilities with any prospective employer so you can make sure your salary is fair.

Paralegal vs. Legal Assistant: Client Contact

One of the key differences in the job responsibilities of paralegals and legal assistants is client communication. Legal assistants interface with clients in ways related to administrative duties, such as scheduling meetings, collecting information from clients, billing clients, and taking messages from clients. On the other hand, paralegals are more involved on the legal support and documentation side, such as drafting legal documents, interviewing clients, and explaining legal documentation.

Paralegal vs. Legal Assistant: Case Preparation Duties

Another important area where paralegals and legal assistants differ is case preparation duties. While both paralegals and legal assistants are heavily involved in the trial preparation for cases, their responsibilities vary.

Paralegals are involved on a more detailed level, performing research on the case, interviewing witnesses, and preparing arguments and statements that will be given in the courtroom. If the case goes to trial, the paralegal will also be more involved in providing assistance to the attorney and may attend the trial with the attorney.

Legal assistants, again, handle the administrative tasks, from organizing work files and documents to scheduling meetings for the attorney and the paralegal.

Paralegal vs. Legal Assistant: Which Is Right for You?

Still can’t decide which career path you want to pursue? Download our guide to compare the differences between a paralegal and legal assistant, including roles and responsibilities, skills, educational requirements, and more.

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