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Education in the 21st Century pp 9–27 Cite as

Creativity and Critical Thinking

  • Peter Ellerton 6 &
  • Robert Kelly 7  
  • First Online: 31 January 2022

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The twenty-first century has seen a rapid growth of curriculum initiatives that consider the development of cross-curriculum competencies as a core issue, and significant for every discipline area. Both because of such cross-curriculum developments and because of the nature of STEM itself, the integration of the particular core competencies of ‘creativity’ and ‘critical thinking’ across the STEM disciplines has also grown rapidly in educational importance. Creativity and critical thinking in education are best viewed from the perspectives of both learner development and teacher expertise, with the attributes specific to each concept appropriately seen as increasing in sophistication or complexity over time. A broad examination of each of the two concepts and their interrelatedness, and the consequent implications for educational practice concerned with developing them, creates a lens through which to view the application of creativity and critical thinking across the complexity and diversity of the STEM disciplines and their integrated forms.

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Ellerton, P., Kelly, R. (2021). Creativity and Critical Thinking. In: Berry, A., Buntting, C., Corrigan, D., Gunstone, R., Jones, A. (eds) Education in the 21st Century. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85300-6_2

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Critical Thinking and Creativity

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2014, CT Scan 4(2); 1-11

This paper will critically examine some popular definitions of critical thinking and creative thinking, which are seen either as being separate or linked concepts depending on the perspectives of various authors. A new way of viewing the relationship between critical thinking and creative thinking will be proposed to help to bring all of the positive associations of creative thinking into critical thinking. Finally, this paper will explain a classroom activity to introduce the relationship between critical thinking and creative thinking to students.

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The aim of this study is to reveal relations between creativity in design and the cognitive developmental stages of designers within a Post-Piagetian approach. In this study design processes were deeply inspected with the aim of obtaining more comprehensive information about the effects of individual’s cognitive status on the design processes, problemsolving and quality of idea generation . In this field, studies done so far have been conducted on test results as indicators of creativity. Withinthe present study, however, protocol analyses were also evaluated, in addition to test results, and thanks to this addition, it was possible to determine the qualitative and quantitative effects of cognitive developmental stages on creativity. A total of twenty-five students voluntarily participated in the research. To collect data, two different methods were employed. The Social Paradigm Belief Inventory (SPBI), was employed to determine students' cognitive stages and scores, and the Think-aloud protocol was used to elicit verbal reports of the thought sequences of the students. In order to analyse the verbal reports reflecting designers' cognitive activities, the method of Linkography was conducted and the general statistics of segments were measured. To assess the relations between creativity in design and the cognitive developmental stages of the designers, SPBI scores and the general statistical values obtained from the design sessions were correlated. Findings showed that there is a strong and significant correlation between the cognitive development levels and creativity, in favour of dialectical thinking.

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Creativity has been the driving engine of human evolution. The ability of the homo sapiens brain to find unusual solutions to various problems has carried humanity from stone tools to quantum computers. Natural selection and competition for resources have refined over the millennia the expression of this trait in genetic and cultural terms. In the 21st century there is a surprisingly high demand for creative thinkers. Thousands of studies have been conducted, countless books and articles have been written. Scores of training programs have been implemented. Research started in the United States in the 1950s, but it is now also undertaken in countries such as China, India, and Brazil. Which popular beliefs about creativity are valid? The research reveals intriguing mechanisms and mysterious linkages. Multiple strands of research are woven in this document, and they reveal the state of knowledge in mid-2014; they also offer some hints on how to benefit from it in your life and work.

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COMMENTS

  1. PDF 4 Creative & critical thinking

    3. Self-awareness - weigh the influences of motives and bias, and - recognise our own assumptions, prejudices, biases, or point of view. 4. Honesty - to think critically we must recognise emotional impulses, selfish motives, disreputable purposes, or other modes of self-deception.

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  3. PDF The Nature and Functions of Critical Creative Thinking

    Center for Critical Thinking Linda Elder Foundation for Critical Thinking Letter to the Reader To the untutored, creative and critical thinking often seem to be opposite forms of thought — the first based on irrational or unconscious forces, the second on rational and conscious processes; the first undirectable and unteachable, the second ...

  4. PDF An Introduction to Critical Thinking and Creativity

    This is a textbook on critical and creative thinking. It can be used as a course text or a self-contained study guide. Since there are many similar textbooks in the market, let me describe some special features of this book: • Unlike most textbooks, I discuss both critical and creative thinking because

  5. (PDF) Critical Thinking, Creative Thinking, and Learning Achievement

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  6. PDF Measuring Student Success Skills: a Review of The Literature on

    Learn how to assess and reward creativity. Gregory et al.'s (2013) review of creative thinking research identified three factors that can be manipulated in a classroom setting and have shown to influence creative thinking ability: (1) collaboration, (2) exposure to ideas of others, and (3) evaluation of ideas.

  7. PDF Critical Thinking

    Critical thinking is discerning judgment. It is the art of analyzing and evaluating thinking with the intention of improving it. It is the purposeful, reflective, reasonable, and self-regulatory process of thinking out possible explanations for findings and outcomes and determining how compatible the explanations are with these, with attention ...

  8. PDF Bengi Birgili 1

    Critical and Creative Thinking Skills Creative Thinking Skills Creative thinking can be defined as the entire set of cognitive activities used by individuals according to a specific object, problem and condition, or a type of effort toward a particular event and the problem based on the capacity of the individuals.

  9. An Introduction to Critical Thinking and Creativity

    A valuable guide on creativity and critical thinking to improve reasoning and decision-making skills Critical thinking skills are essential in virtually any field of study or practice where individuals need to communicate ideas, make decisions, and analyze and solve problems. An Introduction to Critical Thinking and Creativity: Think More, Think Better outlines the necessary tools for readers ...

  10. PDF Critical and Creative Thinking by Design

    Critical and creative thinking is an integrated skill that involves generating and evaluating ideas around a . core of knowledge. The idea generation and reflective judgment processes are monitored and controlled by self-regulation. Throughout the process, thinkers maintain the attitudes and dispositions that foster critical and creative thought.

  11. PDF Teaching Creative and Critical Thinking in Schools

    2.1 Thinking skills across UK curricula, 1999-2015 46 3.1 Top ten skills, abilities and knowledge predicted for 2030 in rising occupations 67 3.2 Key competencies among five of the world's leading educational systems 70 4.1 Cultural forces within thinking classrooms 75 4.2 Overview of selected Visible Thinking Routines 77

  12. Creativity and Critical Thinking

    Creativity is a process that demands critical analysis and evaluation and shares with critical thinking the need for (to revisit Guilford) fluency, flexibility and originality of thought, the ability and dispositions to reinterpretation and challenge old ideas and to move forward in the face of ambiguity.

  13. (PDF) Relationships between Critical and Creative Thinking

    PDF | On Jan 1, 2001, Matt Baker and others published Relationships between Critical and Creative Thinking | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

  14. [PDF] The Relationship between Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking

    This study aimed to determine the relationship between creative thinking and critical thinking skills of students. Participating university students (N= 174) during the 2012 fall semester had a mean age of 21.74 years. The data were obtained using the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking. A quantitative research method was used for ...

  15. (PDF) Creative and critical thinking: Independent or overlapping

    Similarly, Qiang et al. [22] investigated the association between creativity and critical thinking in a large sample of high school students (n = 1.153) and discovered a positive relationship (r ...

  16. [PDF] Creative and critical thinking: Independent or overlapping

    Profile of Students' Critical and Creative Thinking Skills. Nia Alfitriyani I. D. Pursitasari S. Kurniasih. Education. 2021. This study aims to profile the critical and creative thinking skills of high school students in science. The research was employed a quantitative descriptive method.

  17. [PDF] Critical and Creative Thinking

    Critical and Creative Thinking. Sharon Bailin. Published 1987. Education. Informal Logic. A central goal of contemporary education is to improve the thinking skills of students, and the notions of critical thinking and of creative thinking provide focusses for this effort. As educators we would like our students to be better critical thinkers.

  18. The assessment of students' creative and critical thinking skills in

    critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, learning to learn, collaboration and communication (OECD, 2013 [14]). This section reviews policies implemented across OECD countries, and sometimes beyond, to support the nurturing and assessment of students creative and critical thinking skills in higher education.

  19. PDF Reading 1: Creative and Critical Thinking Creative and Critical ...

    These tools fall into two key categories: creative thinking and critical thinking. Creative and critical thinking are complementary and equally important, maintains Donald J. Treffinger in his 2008 article ―Preparing Creative and Critical Thinkers.‖ ―Creative thinking involves searching for meaningful new connections by generating

  20. PDF Chapter 1 What Is Critical Thinking?

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  21. (PDF) Critical Thinking and Creativity

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  22. PDF Relationships Between Critical and Creative Thinking

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  23. (PDF) Critical Thinking and Creativity

    Peter Quinn. 2014, CT Scan 4 (2); 1-11. This paper will critically examine some popular definitions of critical thinking and creative thinking, which are seen either as being separate or linked concepts depending on the perspectives of various authors. A new way of viewing the relationship between critical thinking and creative thinking will be ...

  24. (PDF) The Relationship between Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking

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  25. 20 Challenging Lateral Thinking Puzzles

    Lateral thinking puzzles. Read on for 20 lateral thinking puzzles. 1. A woman lives on the 30th floor and hates taking the stairs. Every day she takes the elevator down to the lobby floor to go to ...