thesis za

Music News in South Africa

Thesis ZA spins a gorgeous Afro-classical folktale within their debut album, Sondela

Meet Thesis ZA : the cross-cultural Afro-classical duo whose unique strain of classical music has set them firmly a head and shoulders above the rest. 

Really, their sound – and their debut album – is the result of over ten years of artistic and cultural identity development which sees them where they stand now: with Sondela successfully carving out a niche for them. 

Perhaps the real kicker about their album is the inherent intentionality about it. Each track has been carefully, artfully considered and curated. It was made with care and purpose, as the duo explore the limits of cross-cultural sound – as isiXhosa meets European classicism and combusts in the best of ways. 

Breezy saxophone and equally floaty vocals lead opener “Imitha Yelanga”, the title track does much the same before “Iintloni”, featuring Sky Dlala, changes tack with a synth foundation which pivots the pitching atmospheric track towards its predecessors. 

A couple of fleeting palate cleansers are thrown in for good measure (“Kwasa” and “Umzi Watsha”), while “Mathongo” closes things off with 16 seconds of rousing atmospheric finesse. Thesis ZA have perfected their chosen art of cultural-crossovers and the result is as dexterously African as it is expertly varied.

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South African Music

Thesis za releases “chosi” from their impending debut album, sondela.

The bedrock of African Culture is the invaluable virtues instilled by the rich song, dance and folk tales that define the community spirit of each tribe. Vocalists and multi-instrumentalists, Thesis ZA , a duo consisting of varsity mates Ayanda Charlie and Ondela Simakuhle, preserve a dying tradition, storing folk tales through song with their latest single,  Chosi.

Through an eclectic hybrid of classical, jazz and Xhosa folk, the charming arrangement of strings, chords and enthralling vocals echoes a chorus from a traditional song sung in traditional gatherings before narrating a folk tale. In this story, the duo meets an elder from their community who asks them about how life is going and much to his shock and dismay, the pair unpacks the magnitude of struggles they continue to experience as black folk. Despite these struggles, they urge themselves and their people to press on and strive until they prosper.

Thesis ZA is set to release a full-length, self-produced body of work,  Sondela , to solidify its artistic perspective. Through their melodic boast of skillful musical composition and thoughtful songwriting skills, their decade-long journey into self-discovery has just etched into a pivotal benchmark where they are ready to investigate the entirety of their identity and language.

Stream Thesis ZA’s Chosi below:

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Thesis ZA is a is music duo from Cape Town, South Africa, comprising Ondela Simakuhle and Ayanda Charlie.

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After creating a researcher profile account make sure you have submitted the listed items to your  Supervisor,  Faculty Postgraduate Officer ,  and the   Institutional Repository Administrator  at  [email protected]  

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• Register for an Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) account
• The benefit of an ORCID account is to connect your ORCID iD to your thesis/dissertation so that other researchers can easily discover and distinguish your work from others
• Add your thesis/ dissertation on ORCID. What is ORCID? Below is a list of video recordings and guides on how to register and create an account on ORCID: 
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• How to reset your ORCID password?
• A Quick Tour of the ORCID Record
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• Add your thesis/Dissertation handle/link on ORCID

Please make sure you have done the following: 

• Submitted final approved thesis/dissertation on UPSpace
• You have the proof of submission
• Submitted final approved thesis/dissertation research data in the UP Research Data Repository (Figshare)
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• Added the UPSpace thesis/dissertation handle/link in your ORCID profile.
• Created a  Google Scholar account 
• Added the Google Scholar Profile link (public view profile) in your ORCID profile.
• Guidance on ETDs, Research Data, and Self-submissions

Email the following: 

• Proof of thesis/dissertation submission
• Thesis/dissertation handle or link - example:  http://hdl.handle.net/2263/84072
• Signed thesis submission form
• (example:  https://doi.org/10.25403/UPresearchdata.19123310.v1 ) 
• ORCID profile link - example :    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1154-0606
• Google scholar Public Profile link - example:  https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&authuser=1&user=71WSjHIAAAAJ )
• Email all the above-listed items to  [email protected]   and  [email protected]

An example of a thesis/dissertation added to the ORCID profile 

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Thesis/dissertation will be automatically added into a Google Scholar profile as soon as it becomes available on UPSpace

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Bathi ndik'phupha ndihleli

Andisakwaz' nokuz'bamba

Andina ntloni

Ndikuthanda ngokwenene ngokwenene

Ndingu phuncuka bembethe, andiva nto

Ndize ndonk'ukwe nje

Ndize ndonk'ukwe nje nje

Tshini na bethuna, wen'usis'thandwa sam sok'qala

Thandaz'iminyaka ifik'igqithe sisekunye

Ey tshini na bethuna, wen'usis'thandwa sam sok'qala

Bendisith' asoze ndi libone

Ilanga lond'itshonela mna

Ilanga lond'itshonela mna oh oh oh

No no no no no no no no no no no

Isibindi sithengwa ngantoni na (Sithengwa ngantoni na)

Ndilingwa yintoni na (Ndilingwa yintoni na)

Ndas'e ndabanjwa yimatha (Ndas'e ndabanjwa yimatha yimatha)

Nalengoma ay'phumi yintoni na (Nalengoma ay'phumi yintoni na)

Ndibhidwa yintoni na (Ndibhidwa yintoni na)

Bath ndik'phupha ndihleli , ndihleli (Bath ndik'phupha ndihleli)

Bathi ndik'phupha ndihleli (Bathi ndik'phupha ndihleli)

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Uthi mandenzeni (Xa undi phatha apha, undi bambe pha uthi mandenzeni)

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• What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

Published on September 14, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on November 21, 2023.

A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master’s program or a capstone to a bachelor’s degree.

Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation , it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete. It relies on your ability to conduct research from start to finish: choosing a relevant topic , crafting a proposal , designing your research , collecting data , developing a robust analysis, drawing strong conclusions , and writing concisely .

Thesis template

You can also download our full thesis template in the format of your choice below. Our template includes a ready-made table of contents , as well as guidance for what each chapter should include. It’s easy to make it your own, and can help you get started.

Download Word template Download Google Docs template

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Table of contents

Thesis vs. thesis statement, how to structure a thesis, acknowledgements or preface, list of figures and tables, list of abbreviations, introduction, literature review, methodology, reference list, proofreading and editing, defending your thesis, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about theses.

You may have heard the word thesis as a standalone term or as a component of academic writing called a thesis statement . Keep in mind that these are two very different things.

• A thesis statement is a very common component of an essay, particularly in the humanities. It usually comprises 1 or 2 sentences in the introduction of your essay , and should clearly and concisely summarize the central points of your academic essay .
• A thesis is a long-form piece of academic writing, often taking more than a full semester to complete. It is generally a degree requirement for Master’s programs, and is also sometimes required to complete a bachelor’s degree in liberal arts colleges.
• In the US, a dissertation is generally written as a final step toward obtaining a PhD.
• In other countries (particularly the UK), a dissertation is generally written at the bachelor’s or master’s level.

Receive feedback on language, structure, and formatting

Professional editors proofread and edit your paper by focusing on:

• Academic style
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The final structure of your thesis depends on a variety of components, such as:

• Your discipline
• Your theoretical approach

Humanities theses are often structured more like a longer-form essay . Just like in an essay, you build an argument to support a central thesis.

In both hard and social sciences, theses typically include an introduction , literature review , methodology section ,  results section , discussion section , and conclusion section . These are each presented in their own dedicated section or chapter. In some cases, you might want to add an appendix .

Thesis examples

We’ve compiled a short list of thesis examples to help you get started.

• Example thesis #1:   “Abolition, Africans, and Abstraction: the Influence of the ‘Noble Savage’ on British and French Antislavery Thought, 1787-1807” by Suchait Kahlon.
• Example thesis #2: “’A Starving Man Helping Another Starving Man’: UNRRA, India, and the Genesis of Global Relief, 1943-1947″ by Julian Saint Reiman.

The very first page of your thesis contains all necessary identifying information, including:

• Your full title
• Your full name
• Your department
• Your institution and degree program
• Your submission date.

Sometimes the title page also includes your student ID, the name of your supervisor, or the university’s logo. Check out your university’s guidelines if you’re not sure.

Read more about title pages

The acknowledgements section is usually optional. Its main point is to allow you to thank everyone who helped you in your thesis journey, such as supervisors, friends, or family. You can also choose to write a preface , but it’s typically one or the other, not both.

Read more about acknowledgements Read more about prefaces

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An abstract is a short summary of your thesis. Usually a maximum of 300 words long, it’s should include brief descriptions of your research objectives , methods, results, and conclusions. Though it may seem short, it introduces your work to your audience, serving as a first impression of your thesis.

Read more about abstracts

A table of contents lists all of your sections, plus their corresponding page numbers and subheadings if you have them. This helps your reader seamlessly navigate your document.

Your table of contents should include all the major parts of your thesis. In particular, don’t forget the the appendices. If you used heading styles, it’s easy to generate an automatic table Microsoft Word.

Read more about tables of contents

While not mandatory, if you used a lot of tables and/or figures, it’s nice to include a list of them to help guide your reader. It’s also easy to generate one of these in Word: just use the “Insert Caption” feature.

Read more about lists of figures and tables

If you have used a lot of industry- or field-specific abbreviations in your thesis, you should include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations . This way, your readers can easily look up any meanings they aren’t familiar with.

Read more about lists of abbreviations

Relatedly, if you find yourself using a lot of very specialized or field-specific terms that may not be familiar to your reader, consider including a glossary . Alphabetize the terms you want to include with a brief definition.

Read more about glossaries

An introduction sets up the topic, purpose, and relevance of your thesis, as well as expectations for your reader. This should:

• Ground your research topic , sharing any background information your reader may need
• Define the scope of your work
• Introduce any existing research on your topic, situating your work within a broader problem or debate
• State your research question(s)
• Outline (briefly) how the remainder of your work will proceed

In other words, your introduction should clearly and concisely show your reader the “what, why, and how” of your research.

Read more about introductions

A literature review helps you gain a robust understanding of any extant academic work on your topic, encompassing:

• Selecting relevant sources
• Determining the credibility of your sources
• Critically evaluating each of your sources
• Drawing connections between sources, including any themes, patterns, conflicts, or gaps

A literature review is not merely a summary of existing work. Rather, your literature review should ultimately lead to a clear justification for your own research, perhaps via:

• Addressing a gap in the literature
• Building on existing knowledge to draw new conclusions
• Exploring a new theoretical or methodological approach
• Introducing a new solution to an unresolved problem
• Definitively advocating for one side of a theoretical debate

Read more about literature reviews

Theoretical framework

Your literature review can often form the basis for your theoretical framework, but these are not the same thing. A theoretical framework defines and analyzes the concepts and theories that your research hinges on.

Read more about theoretical frameworks

Your methodology chapter shows your reader how you conducted your research. It should be written clearly and methodically, easily allowing your reader to critically assess the credibility of your argument. Furthermore, your methods section should convince your reader that your method was the best way to answer your research question.

A methodology section should generally include:

• Your overall approach ( quantitative vs. qualitative )
• Your research methods (e.g., a longitudinal study )
• Your data collection methods (e.g., interviews or a controlled experiment
• Any tools or materials you used (e.g., computer software)
• The data analysis methods you chose (e.g., statistical analysis , discourse analysis )
• A strong, but not defensive justification of your methods

Read more about methodology sections

Your results section should highlight what your methodology discovered. These two sections work in tandem, but shouldn’t repeat each other. While your results section can include hypotheses or themes, don’t include any speculation or new arguments here.

Your results section should:

• State each (relevant) result with any (relevant) descriptive statistics (e.g., mean , standard deviation ) and inferential statistics (e.g., test statistics , p values )
• Explain how each result relates to the research question
• Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Additional data (like raw numbers or interview transcripts ) can be included as an appendix . You can include tables and figures, but only if they help the reader better understand your results.

Read more about results sections

Your discussion section is where you can interpret your results in detail. Did they meet your expectations? How well do they fit within the framework that you built? You can refer back to any relevant source material to situate your results within your field, but leave most of that analysis in your literature review.

For any unexpected results, offer explanations or alternative interpretations of your data.

Read more about discussion sections

Your thesis conclusion should concisely answer your main research question. It should leave your reader with an ultra-clear understanding of your central argument, and emphasize what your research specifically has contributed to your field.

Why does your research matter? What recommendations for future research do you have? Lastly, wrap up your work with any concluding remarks.

Read more about conclusions

In order to avoid plagiarism , don’t forget to include a full reference list at the end of your thesis, citing the sources that you used. Choose one citation style and follow it consistently throughout your thesis, taking note of the formatting requirements of each style.

Which style you choose is often set by your department or your field, but common styles include MLA , Chicago , and APA.

Create APA citations Create MLA citations

In order to stay clear and concise, your thesis should include the most essential information needed to answer your research question. However, chances are you have many contributing documents, like interview transcripts or survey questions . These can be added as appendices , to save space in the main body.

Read more about appendices

Once you’re done writing, the next part of your editing process begins. Leave plenty of time for proofreading and editing prior to submission. Nothing looks worse than grammar mistakes or sloppy spelling errors!

Consider using a professional thesis editing service or grammar checker to make sure your final project is perfect.

Once you’ve submitted your final product, it’s common practice to have a thesis defense, an oral component of your finished work. This is scheduled by your advisor or committee, and usually entails a presentation and Q&A session.

After your defense , your committee will meet to determine if you deserve any departmental honors or accolades. However, keep in mind that defenses are usually just a formality. If there are any serious issues with your work, these should be resolved with your advisor way before a defense.

If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

Research bias

• Survivorship bias
• Self-serving bias
• Availability heuristic
• Halo effect
• Hindsight bias
• Deep learning
• Generative AI
• Machine learning
• Reinforcement learning
• Supervised vs. unsupervised learning

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The conclusion of your thesis or dissertation shouldn’t take up more than 5–7% of your overall word count.

If you only used a few abbreviations in your thesis or dissertation , you don’t necessarily need to include a list of abbreviations .

If your abbreviations are numerous, or if you think they won’t be known to your audience, it’s never a bad idea to add one. They can also improve readability, minimizing confusion about abbreviations unfamiliar to your reader.

When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:

• Your anticipated title
• Your abstract
• Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)

A thesis is typically written by students finishing up a bachelor’s or Master’s degree. Some educational institutions, particularly in the liberal arts, have mandatory theses, but they are often not mandatory to graduate from bachelor’s degrees. It is more common for a thesis to be a graduation requirement from a Master’s degree.

Even if not mandatory, you may want to consider writing a thesis if you:

• Plan to attend graduate school soon
• Have a particular topic you’d like to study more in-depth
• Are considering a career in research
• Would like a capstone experience to tie up your academic experience

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