letter essay muet

MUET Writing Malaysia – Definitive Guide with Essay Example

MUET is a test that all Malaysian students must take in order to apply for their desired course. It consists of 3 parts: Language Proficiency, General Paper, and Subject Knowledge Test. The Language Proficiency section tests the student’s command of the English language through various writing tasks such as essay writing, letter-writing, and summarizing text. This blog post will aim to provide you with tips on how to score well in this section of MUET by providing an example of an essay topic along with guidelines on how it should be written.

What is MUET writing in Malaysia?

MUET is also known as the Malaysian University English Test seeks to measure the English proficiency among candidates who plan on pursuing tertiary studies at universities located within Malaysia.

The MUET is a test that tests the four language skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing. While some people may be better at one or two than others; they’re all important to hone in order for anyone interested in pursuing an education around these topics.

The MUET writing test is challenging- students have to transfer information from a non-linear source and write an essay of at least 350 words on the topic given.

MUET Essay Task 1: Report writing (40 marks)

• You have been given 40 minutes to complete the task.
• Study and analyze the information.
• Describe the information or the process in a report format
• Write between 150-200 words

MUET Essay Task 2: Extended writing (60 marks)

• The essay must not be less than 350 words
• Given 50 minutes to complete the task
• Your essay can be:

–   Analytical- –   Descriptive –   Persuasive –   Argumentative

Topics for MUET Essay Writing

The following topics are perfectly acceptable for a MUET essay, as all are general knowledge questions that every university or college student should know.

• Why do people commit suicide for selfish reasons? Discuss
• The most valuable thing in life is friendship do you agree?
• Some people prefer street food others prefer homemade which one is the best to support your answer in 350 words
• Education must be free for every child do you agree or not?
• Impact of social media on people
• Some people prefer small towns to live in others one prefer to live in a city why? Which one do you prefer?

MUET Essay Writing Format

MUET is a challenging exam because it includes writing within the Academic Writing Format. For many students, this format may be unfamiliar and difficult to understand or execute in their answers at test time so they don’t score well on that section of MUET.

This difficulty can come from being unaware of how academic writing differs from other forms such as creative or personal essays which are more common formats for essay questions outside of the MUET testing space.

1. Introduction paragraph:

Introduce your topic to the reader.

• Use catchy lines, questions, brief definitions, etc.
• Must have a thesis statement a statement which consists of the main big ideas
• Never use: “research or study” use words like on the basics of my readings, in my opinion, as this is essay writing, not a research paper.
• Never use: “ can be defined as” use words like “In my opinion, I believe that, etc.”

2. Body paragraph:

Body paragraph: must have 3 paragraphs.

• State the main idea
• Often written as the first sentence of each paragraph
• Supporting details and ideas
• Examples, elaborations, explanations,s, and descriptions can also be included
• Must support the main idea discussed in this particular body/body paragraph
• Use linkers, connectors, and transition words.

Conclusion paragraph:

• Restate the main idea
• Use words like hence, therefore, thus, as a result.
• Write it like it is the last sentence of the paragraph.

3. Concluding paragraph:

• Bring the ending of things that you have discussed earlier.
• Restate your thesis statements.
• The conclusion must have 4 sentences
• You may suggest, give opinions or reaffirm your stand
• Use words: To conclude, to summarize, as a conclusion, finally, lastly, eventually, to encapsulate.

Tips to write MUET Essay for Malaysian Students

The best way to write a MUET essay is to have a succinct thesis in the introduction and also be cognizant of transitions between one topic and another.

Moreover, it’s important to know your audience when you’re writing an essay for MUET. One key point which is usually overlooked by students is having knowledge about the specific subject they’re talking about.

• Transfer information
• Use good grammar
• Carefully analyze the graphical information
• Give your opinion
• Think critically
• If you’re aiming at scoring Band 5 or higher, then critical thinking is a must.
• If your aim is to score Band 5 or higher on the exam, it’s time for some serious rigor and reflection.

Use these tools to help with critical thinking: Short term, mid-term and long term effects

• Example: Alcohol
• Short term: yellow teeth/bad breath
• Mid-term: waste of money
• Long term: Health problems such as cancer
• Individual, society, and government
• Individual: Set goals and prepare for change
• Society: Must not encourage one to consume alcohol.
• Government: Must stop fundraising

Types of MUET Essays

MUET essays are usually of the expository type, they can also be argumentative or persuasive.

• While an essay with a descriptive header generally has a focus on what is being described.
• An essay with a narrative header (or “story”) generally puts a priority on how something was done or what it felt like to do it and the completion
• And an informative-explanatory (inform + explain) header offers treatment or analysis of existing data, facts, practices, etc.
• Persuasive essay questions require you to take up a position on an issue and then persuade or convince the reader about your viewpoint based upon evidence. These can come in the form of anecdotes, facts, statistics etcetera
• Expository Essays are different from other types of essays in that they don’t require any persuasion but instead simply look for evidence supporting or disproving what you have been told/asked about.

Importance of MUET essay

You will be required to take the MUET test if you are planning on pursuing your university degree at local public university.

However, note that this requirement is not compulsory for those who wish to pursue their education outside of these institutions and choose instead to study at private schools or international ones (MUET tests are only necessary when applying for scholarships).

Remember also, that different universities may have different English proficiency requirements so make sure you check what they need before sending off an application.

The grading system for MUET

When students get their MUET result, they’ll be able to see the mark for each paper and then an overall score. Band 1 is when the student will have to take two extra English courses during holiday time; a Band 3 or 4 means one course more than this. If you’re in bands 5 or 6- excellent! You don’t need any additional lessons over the summer holidays whatsoever.

MUET Essay writing Band 6- Very good user (Aggregated score: 260-300)

The speaker demonstrates a strong command of the language, and their fluency is unparalleled. They are highly expressive in everything they say, accurate with words that express both nuance and precision when needed most. The person’s understanding of context should not be questioned – it appears as if this individual functions flawlessly when interacting verbally or written textually via various languages.

MUET Essay writing Band 5- Good user (Aggregated score: 220-259)

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MUET Writing Malaysia – Definitive Guide with Essay Example

The Malaysian University English Test (MUET) is a normalized assessment that surveys the English language capability of Malaysian students. It is a pivotal necessity for admission into tertiary training establishments in Malaysia and is perceived by employers as a benchmark for English capability in the job market. The MUET Writing component holds significant weightage, as it evaluates the candidates’ ability to express ideas, organize thoughts, and communicate effectively in written form. This definitive guide aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the MUET Writing test format, scoring criteria, and tips for success. Furthermore, we will present a sample essay to illustrate the application of these guidelines.

MUET Writing Test Format:

The MUET Writing test consists of two tasks: Task A and Task B. Task A requires candidates to write an interpretive essay based on a set of input texts, while Task B assesses their ability to produce a discursive essay on a given topic. Each task has a specific time allocation:

Task A: Interpretive Essay

Time: 30 minutes

Word Limit: 150-200 words

Task B: Discursive Essay

Time: 60 minutes

Word Limit: 350-500 words

It is essential to manage your time wisely to complete both tasks within the allocated time frame.

Scoring Criteria:

MUET Writing is scored based on four key areas:

Task Fulfillment:

How well the candidate addresses the given task and demonstrates an understanding of the requirements.

Language Accuracy:

The ability to use appropriate grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structures effectively.

Cohesion and Coherence:

How well ideas are organized and connected, resulting in a logical and cohesive essay.

Appropriateness of Style:

The candidate’s ability to adopt an appropriate tone, register, and style for the given task.

Every area is doled out a particular band score going from 0 to 6, and the last score is the normal of the four band scores. It is urgent to focus on every angle to maximize your score.

Tips for MUET Writing Success:

Understand the Task Requirements:

Carefully read the instructions and ensure you fully comprehend what is expected of you in each task.

Plan and Organize:

Take a few minutes to plan your essay structure before writing. Create an outline with a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.

Time Management:

Allocate appropriate time for each task. Prioritize Task B since it carries more marks but ensure you complete Task A within the assigned time as well.

Language Use:

Demonstrate a wide range of vocabulary, sentence structures, and grammar. Avoid repetitive language and aim for precision and clarity in your writing.

Use linking words and phrases to connect ideas and create a smooth flow. Check the logical progression of your arguments and ensure they support your thesis statement.

Introduction and Conclusion:

Craft an engaging introduction that provides context and a clear thesis statement. Conclude your essay by summarizing your main points and offering a thoughtful closing statement.

Practice Writing:

Regularly practice writing essays within the word limit to enhance your speed and proficiency. Seek feedback from teachers or peers to identify areas for improvement.

Sample Essay: Task B

Topic: “Social media has had a significant impact on interpersonal communication. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages.”

Essay Example:

Introduction:

In today’s digital age, social media platforms have upset the manner in which we impart. While they offer a few advantages, there are likewise disadvantages to consider. This essay will investigate the disadvantages and burdens of social media’s effect on relational communication.

Body Paragraph 1:

Benefits One of the essential benefits of social media is its capacity to interface with individuals across distances. Platforms like Facebook and Twitter empower people to keep in contact with loved ones, paying little heed to geological obstructions. Moreover, Assignment Help Malaysia give a platform for people to offer their viewpoints, encouraging sound discussions and widening points of view.

Body Paragraph 2:

Disadvantages Then again, social media can adversely affect relational correspondence. Unreasonable dependence on digital platforms can prompt a decrease in eye-to-eye communication, lessening the profundity of personal connections. In addition, the steady openness to arranged pictures and romanticized adaptations of individuals’ lives on platforms like Instagram can prompt insecurities and low confidence.

social media’s effect on relational correspondence is a situation with two sides. While it permits us to interface and draw in with others all the more effectively, it can likewise block significant, up close, and personal co-operations. In this manner, it is fundamental to find some kind of strike between the advantages and downsides of social media to guarantee its positive impact on our lives.

MUET Report: Assessing English Language Proficiency among Malaysian Students:

The Malaysian University English Test (MUET) plays a vital role in assessing the English language proficiency of Malaysian students. This report aims to analyze MUET performance among students in Malaysia and Assignment Help provide recommendations for enhancing English language proficiency. By examining test scores, identifying trends, exploring challenges, and proposing strategies, this report aims to contribute to the improvement of English language education in Malaysia.

MUET Speaking Topics:

Here are some MUET Speaking topics that are commonly used in the test:

Technology and its Impact on Society

Environmental Issues and Conservation

Education System Reforms

Youth Empowerment and Volunteerism

Globalization and Its Effects on Culture

Health and Fitness in Modern Society

Social Media and Its Influence on Relationships

Economic Development and Income Inequality

Tourism and Its Impact on Local Communities

The Role of Government in Promoting Entrepreneurship

These topics cover a scope of contemporary issues that expect the possibility to offer their viewpoints, take part in conversations, and present contentions really. It is essential to remain refreshed on current undertakings and have a balanced comprehension of every point.

MUET Preparation and Essay Writing

If you’re looking to hire experts for both MUET test preparation and essay writing assistance, here are some steps you can follow:

Determine Your Needs:

Assess whether you need assistance with overall test preparation or specific sections such as writing, speaking, listening, or reading. Additionally, consider if you require help specifically with essay writing or need a comprehensive approach.

Research Online Tutoring Platforms:

Explore reputable online tutoring platforms that offer expert assistance in language proficiency exams like MUET. Platforms like Preply, iTalki, Verbling, and Tutor.com provide a wide range of qualified tutors who specialize in language exams. You can filter tutors based on their expertise in essay writing and test preparation.

Check Tutors’ Profiles:

Review the profiles of potential tutors. Look for individuals with experience teaching or tutoring MUET and a demonstrated proficiency in essay writing. Pay attention to their qualifications, educational background, teaching style, and reviews from previous students to assess their suitability.

Schedule Consultations:

Arrange consultations or trial sessions with shortlisted tutors. Use this opportunity to discuss your needs, goals, and expectations. Inquire about their approach to essay writing, test preparation strategies, and their ability to tailor their guidance to your specific requirements.

Seek Writing Assistance:

If you specifically require essay writing support, consider engaging an expert academic writer or editor. Platforms like Upwork, Freelancer, or Essay Writing Services provide access to professional writers with expertise in various subjects, including essay writing. Review their profiles, portfolios, and client feedback to ensure their proficiency.

Discuss Expectations and Goals:

Clearly communicate your expectations, goals, and areas of focus to the tutors or writers. Make sure they understand your requirements for MUET test preparation and essay writing. Provide any specific essay prompts or topics you need assistance with, and discuss the desired outcome for your essays.

Collaboration and Practice:

Collaborate with the tutors or writers to create a study plan and a schedule that incorporates both test preparation and essay writing. Regularly practice writing essays under their guidance and utilize their feedback to improve your writing skills. Additionally, work with them to develop effective strategies for the different sections of the MUET test.

MUET Group Discussion:

MUET (Malaysian University English Test) includes a Group Discussion component, which assesses your ability to engage in a discussion and express your ideas effectively in English. Here are some tips to excel in the MUET Group Discussion:

Understand the Format:

Familiarize yourself with the format and requirements of the MUET Group Discussion. Typically, a group of candidates will be given a topic and asked to discuss it for a specific duration. You will be assessed based on your ability to communicate fluently, express opinions, listen to others, and collaborate in a group setting.

Improve English Language Skills:

Upgrade your English language abilities by perusing generally, working on talking and tuning in, and extending your jargon. Focus on punctuation, sentence construction, and articulation.

Practice Active Listening:

During the discussion, actively listen to what others are saying. Show interest, maintain eye contact, and respond appropriately. Engage in the conversation by building upon others’ points, asking relevant questions, and seeking clarification when needed.

Respect Others’ Views:

Show respect for the opinions of other participants, even if you disagree. Be open-minded and consider different perspectives. Practice active and respectful listening by acknowledging others’ points and responding constructively.

Manage Time Effectively:

Time management is crucial in Group Discussions. Keep track of the time allotted for the discussion and ensure that all participants have a chance to contribute. If the discussion gets off track, steer it back to the main topic and encourage others to stay focused.

Practice with Mock Group Discussions:

Organize practice sessions with classmates or friends. Choose relevant topics, set time limits, and simulate the actual MUET Group Discussion. Practice maintaining a balance between listening and speaking, and work on improving your communication skills within a group setting.

CONCLUSION:

The MUET Writing component is an important part of the Malaysian University English Test that evaluates candidates’ ability to express ideas and communicate effectively in written form. This definitive guide has provided an overview of the test format, scoring criteria, and valuable tips for success. Additionally, a sample essay exemplified the application of these guidelines. To excel in MUET Writing, it is crucial to understand the task requirements, plan and organize your essays, manage time effectively, utilize language accurately, ensure cohesion and coherence, and practice regularly. By following these recommendations, you can enhance your performance and achieve success in the MUET Writing test.

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How to score A in MUET Malaysia Essay Writing?

23 August 2021

7 minutes to read

• 01. MUET Writing Paper 4
• 02. Task 1 - Letter or email writing
• 03. Task 2 - Non-formatted essay
• 04. MUET writing preparation

In January 2021, Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia MUET has gone through major format changes. This new MUET format 2021 has now aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) requirements.

However, do not get panic. In the current MUET test, you will still be evaluated in four English language skills - listening, speaking, reading and writing - in four different papers:

• MUET listening test
• MUET speaking test
• MUET reading test
• MUET writing test

Compared to the previous MUET format, you may be grateful for the new changes, especially for the writing paper. In the previous writing paper, you had to write a report based on the combination of various types of graphs, charts and tables stimuli. The previous writing report required a strict format which made you failed if you did not follow the specific format.

Now, let’s take a look at what is new and how to tackle high marks for the current format for this paper.

MUET Writing Paper 4

The MUET writing paper evaluates your ability to communicate in writing , writing English in the context of higher education and also to transfer ideas in formal and informal contexts.

The duration of the MUET writing paper is 75 minutes . The maximum mark for the paper is 90 marks . It carries a 25% assessment weighting of overall the MUET results.

The table below shows the new format of the MUET writing test overview.

Task 1 - Letter or email writing

In Task 1 of the MUET writing paper, you will be receiving a textual stimulus in form of a letter or an email. In the stimulus form, there will be three or four notes or aspects of what you need to include in your writing.

The maximum number of marks you can obtain for Task 1 is 30 marks . Your essay should be in letter or email format - follow the rubric requirements. There is no specific format for the essay, but here is a guideline for you to write a letter or an email.

Letter and Email Writing Guideline

First of all, you need to read the question carefully. Analyse and identify the following information:

• Who sent the email/letter?
• Who is the email/letter receiver ?
• What is the email/letter about ?
• What language register should be used?
• Identify the keywords in the notes given.

Next, you should plan your response . Use the notes to plan your answer. Aim to write one paragraph for each note .

Once you are ready with your writing plan, it is time to write your answer. Include discourse markers, use appropriate register (formal or informal) and correct sentence structure .

You are advised to spend about 25 minutes on this task. Your letter or email must be at least 100 words in length. The most important thing is that you must include all the notes provided in the question.

You may want to look out for the assessment MUET paper with the latest 2021 format available on the internet for your reference.

Now let’s move on to Task 2 for the MUET writing paper.

Task 2 - Non-formatted essay

In Task 2 of the MUET writing paper, you will be provided with a textual stimulus . There will be a few number of statements that determine the content that you should write in your essay.

Some of the points will be an idea or problem that you have to respond to or the writing genre that you are expected to write. The type of writing that you may be required to write are:

Discursive Writing

Discursive writing requires you to analyze and investigate the given topic . It involves an intense discussion where you must provide a strong and neutral evaluation of a topic. You should include useful facts and objective information to make your essay stand out.

To write a discursive essay, you can start by introducing the topic using attention grabber - stating a fact, asking a question or a relatable quote.

In the main body, specify your points and back them up with valid reasons, pieces of evidence or examples. Be sure to write one point in one paragraph. Avoid mixing your points in a big chunk of paragraphs.

Finally, in the conclusion part, summarize your points in a short paragraph. Try to create a connection between the introduction and the conclusion.

Argumentative Writing

Argumentative writing is associated with persuasion. You have to persuade readers to understand and support your point of view about a certain topic. This is of course by stating relevant reasoning and providing credible evidence to back your standpoint.

Writing an argumentative essay is quite tricky. You may want to try these approaches when writing an argumentative essay:

• Start by making a claim in the introduction paragraph . Capture the reader’s interest by providing the background information of the topics and present your thesis statement. Your thesis statement should be one sentence of a short summary of your main point.
• Write 2 to 3 paragraphs to explain why you stand with your points. Influence your readers to agree with your viewpoint in the main body. The different paragraphs should cover one point each.
• Use the last paragraph in your essay to reiterate your thesis and write a short conclusion of all your points in the main body paragraphs.

Problem Solution

For a problem-solution essay, you obviously need to propose a solution to overcome a problem .

Describe the problem that you want to solve in the introduction paragraph. Convince your reader why it is important for them to pay attention to the problem and why they need to take any action to resolve it.

Then, start outlining your proposed solution in the main body. Aim to come up with three to four paragraphs to discuss the solution. You can include this reasoning to support your essay:

• The solution is practical
• The solution is workable
• The solution is cost-effective
• The solution is feasible

Try to keep your conclusion written in one paragraph. Close your essay with a rhetorical question or point out a call to action for your reader to take an action.

These are the three common types of writing that you will be required to write in Part 2. You are advised to spend 50 minutes in this section. The essay should be written at least 250 words in length. The maximum mark for Task 2 is 60 marks .

Remember to include all the notes given in the questions. However, do paraphrase the words. Avoid copying word by word directly from the questions. You can use a synonym or change the order of the sentence around to paraphrase the sentences.

Your marks for each task is based on the task fulfilment, language and organisation .

• Task fulfilment - whether you answer the given question accordingly.
• Language and organisation - how you organise your content, present your ideas in your writing, words usages and the elaboration of your points.

To be well prepared for essay writing, you can look out for the MUET marking scheme to get an understanding of how the papers are being marked.

MUET writing preparation

Essay writing might not be easy for some students. If you are one of them, you might want to look for help from an English tutor .

You can look for an English tutor from a reputable online tutoring website such as Superprof . Superprof has a wide selection of tutors that you can choose from. It has more than 16 million tutors for over 1000 subjects on the website.

Whether you are preparing for listening, speaking, writing or reading, a tutor is here to help.

To look for your preferred tutor on Superprof, you can use the search engine . It is as easy as choosing a subject and entering your address or your postcode . Once you are done, click on the ‘Find a tutor ’ button.

A list of available tutors for the selected subject and location will appear. You can review and choose your tutor based on the list.

If you have other preferences, you can filter the list based on the rate, distance, response time and education level . Do read the tutors’ profiles properly to make sure they suit your requirements.

Once you find your preferred tutor, click on the ‘Book a class’ button on the top right of his or her profile. Talk to the tutor about your educational background, needs and availability in detail. This information is important for the tutor in order to understand you better and offer you the best assistance.

When both, you and your tutor, agree on everything, you can start scheduling your lessons. Decide the method of learning whether to opt for face-to-face lessons or online classes. Once you decide on everything, you can start with your tutoring session.

You can literally refer to your tutor for just about everything related to the MUET examination like MUET speaking question, MUET reading question, ask them to check your MUET writing sample or even scheduling a mock MUET listening practice.

Writing test, listening test and speaking test MUET are the most intriguing papers compared to the reading test. However, do not take anything for granted . Be sure to get prepared and practise well for each of the papers.

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Thursday, June 26, 2014

46 good spm english model essays / free essay samples for o-level, ielts, toefl & muet writing, 46 model essay samples for spm english, o-level, ielts, toefl & muet writing,         descriptive essays.

• My Best Friend
• Describe an afternoon at the bus station
• A Horrifying Swim
• A Prominent Malaysian Leader
• A Demonic Gold
• My Favourite TV Programme
• The Night Market

Narrative Essays

• A Horror / Tragic Story
• Finally, A Voice Message
• That is the reward for my patience and hardwork
• A Holiday I Would Never Forget
• Couple Foils Robbery Attempt
• Write a story starting with: “The widow had to work hard to bring up her little son alone...”
• My Most Embarrassing Situation
• A Road Accident
• Autumn on Sugarbush Street
• Of Bombs and Ice-Cream

Argumentative / Persuasive Essays

• Haze: A Danger to Health
• Cell phones - One of Our Greatest Technologies Misused
• Importance of Studying English

Reflective Essays

• Are undergraduates ready for the real world?
• Does School Prepare Us for Life
• What would you do if you had a lot of money

Factual Essays

• Social Networking Website

Directed Writing

• Anti-Smoking Campaign Speech
• Informal Letter
• Informal Letter Sample
• Formal Letter: Letter of Application
• Formal Letter: Letter of Complain
• Complain Report About School Canteen
• Book Report
• Police Report on Accident

48 comments:

Is there any chinese language essay?? can recommend??

lol u retarded?

Why are you so mean? Which part of it is retarded?

Maybe he lack of attention in his life

Dude, there are really chinese essay in spm. What's wrong with you guys

Are you lost mate? This webpage is for english essays, not chinese retard

Cmon he just asking if theres any chinese language essay... nothing wrong with it... sorry i think u are the one who is retarded here... no one r supporting ya...

what is naratif composition

Lol retarded 9 yr olds hating over a single question

WTH????? He is just asking. FGS he is not even asking u man..That question were asked to the admin. Pls just mind your own bussiness..

Senyap ar semua

Ahaha. Retarded indeed.

Ni nk buat rujukan ke gaduh?

Spm around the bout

guys i think,personally that this site helps you a lot in your studies.Amazing essays which are wonderfull

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bunch of pointless people arguing about an idiot

The test score works as a proof of their language proficiency and knowledge. Finding the Best TOEFL Coaching it self is a task because the objective of TOEFL classes is to give you interactive examples of TOEFL test questions.

Good Work for English learnes

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That's really huge list of sample essays for students those need to write essay and facing difficulties. I am sure that will be very helpful for students studying in various level.

To be honest All the 46 Model essays are uncomparable to the O level English Standard. In fact,writing such a essay in o level english will guarantee a fail

Woah,these essays are actually good for SPM level. Seeing this comment,I wonder how am I going to survive after SPM with my own level of English. HUhu..T-T

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Any spm 2020 candidates here?. How's your life going?. Mine is cursed

Same and im goin through mid year exams rn...smh

Me, a 12 year old that wants to write longer than the word limit in primary school: wow, this is cool

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MUET Writing : Sample Essays (Malaysian University English Test)

MUET Writing : Sample Essays (Malaysian University English Test) .

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• Introduction To MUET (New Format 2021) (CEFR-Aligned) (1-28)
• Success in MUET  (CEFF-Aligned) (1-50) (PL) [2]
• Master Class MUET (CEFR-Aligned) (1-50) (SAS) [2]
• Model Test Paper MUET  (CEFR-Aligned) (1-32) (PL) [2]
• Get Ahead in MUET  (CEFR-Aligned) (1-38) (PS) [2]
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• Score in MUET  (CEFR-Aligned) (1-22) (IB) [2]
• MUET My Way  (CEFR-Aligned) (1-41) (PL) [1]

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• Model Answer Essay (Band 5) and Feedback
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• MUET – Sample Essays
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• Linkers in MUET
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Are you MUET ready? Important writing tips to achieve the best MUET result

Read our new updated and comprehensive guide to the MUET writing test

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

*Please note that the content below relates to the MUET writing test before the 2021 format update and change. 

Apart from practising your essay writing skills, there are some tricks you can adopt to do well in this section. Here are some important MUET writing tips.

Getting familiarised

Make sure you know the structure of the paper like the back of your hand. Understand its basic structure first. Refer to MUET reference books to better understand the format.

Do task 2 first

Start doing task 2 first because it’s worth a lot of marks and it’s easier. Once you’ve completed this section, you’ll feel a lot more confident to tackle task 1. Also, writing your first essay is also more difficult as your train of thoughts have not been organised yet. Doing this will get you started on the right foot.

Don’t waste too much time on task 1

Remember – learning all specific writing structure for each type of task 1 and applying that structure will help you save so much more time. All you have to do is to apply new data and suitable verb tenses. To do well in this, read sample essays and take note of good essay structures.

Never leave out any tasks

No matter how difficult you find the test, never leave out any tasks. If you do, you’ll be penalized heavily.

Practise, practise, practise

Practise both tasks 1 and 2 within an hour. Writing those essays within the time limit at home will give you an idea of how much time you need to gather thoughts, to start writing and to check your final work.

Buy a good dictionary

To be able to write well, you need a wide vocabulary. Invest in a good dictionary or thesaurus. The Oxford and Miriam Webster dictionaries are some of the best ones out there.

Always include…

Each paragraph has to include a topic sentence, 2-3 supporting sentences and development sentences such as examples, experience and data. Although the topic sentence doesn’t always have to be at the beginning of the paragraph, students who are weak in writing are advised to stick to this structure. Don’t try to be overly creative as you might end up making silly mistakes.

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NPR defends its journalism after senior editor says it has lost the public's trust

David Folkenflik

NPR is defending its journalism and integrity after a senior editor wrote an essay accusing it of losing the public's trust. Saul Loeb/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

NPR is defending its journalism and integrity after a senior editor wrote an essay accusing it of losing the public's trust.

NPR's top news executive defended its journalism and its commitment to reflecting a diverse array of views on Tuesday after a senior NPR editor wrote a broad critique of how the network has covered some of the most important stories of the age.

"An open-minded spirit no longer exists within NPR, and now, predictably, we don't have an audience that reflects America," writes Uri Berliner.

A strategic emphasis on diversity and inclusion on the basis of race, ethnicity and sexual orientation, promoted by NPR's former CEO, John Lansing, has fed "the absence of viewpoint diversity," Berliner writes.

NPR's chief news executive, Edith Chapin, wrote in a memo to staff Tuesday afternoon that she and the news leadership team strongly reject Berliner's assessment.

"We're proud to stand behind the exceptional work that our desks and shows do to cover a wide range of challenging stories," she wrote. "We believe that inclusion — among our staff, with our sourcing, and in our overall coverage — is critical to telling the nuanced stories of this country and our world."

NPR names tech executive Katherine Maher to lead in turbulent era

She added, "None of our work is above scrutiny or critique. We must have vigorous discussions in the newsroom about how we serve the public as a whole."

A spokesperson for NPR said Chapin, who also serves as the network's chief content officer, would have no further comment.

Praised by NPR's critics

Berliner is a senior editor on NPR's Business Desk. (Disclosure: I, too, am part of the Business Desk, and Berliner has edited many of my past stories. He did not see any version of this article or participate in its preparation before it was posted publicly.)

Berliner's essay , titled "I've Been at NPR for 25 years. Here's How We Lost America's Trust," was published by The Free Press, a website that has welcomed journalists who have concluded that mainstream news outlets have become reflexively liberal.

Berliner writes that as a Subaru-driving, Sarah Lawrence College graduate who "was raised by a lesbian peace activist mother ," he fits the mold of a loyal NPR fan.

Yet Berliner says NPR's news coverage has fallen short on some of the most controversial stories of recent years, from the question of whether former President Donald Trump colluded with Russia in the 2016 election, to the origins of the virus that causes COVID-19, to the significance and provenance of emails leaked from a laptop owned by Hunter Biden weeks before the 2020 election. In addition, he blasted NPR's coverage of the Israel-Hamas conflict.

On each of these stories, Berliner asserts, NPR has suffered from groupthink due to too little diversity of viewpoints in the newsroom.

The essay ricocheted Tuesday around conservative media , with some labeling Berliner a whistleblower . Others picked it up on social media, including Elon Musk, who has lambasted NPR for leaving his social media site, X. (Musk emailed another NPR reporter a link to Berliner's article with a gibe that the reporter was a "quisling" — a World War II reference to someone who collaborates with the enemy.)

When asked for further comment late Tuesday, Berliner declined, saying the essay spoke for itself.

The arguments he raises — and counters — have percolated across U.S. newsrooms in recent years. The #MeToo sexual harassment scandals of 2016 and 2017 forced newsrooms to listen to and heed more junior colleagues. The social justice movement prompted by the killing of George Floyd in 2020 inspired a reckoning in many places. Newsroom leaders often appeared to stand on shaky ground.

Leaders at many newsrooms, including top editors at The New York Times and the Los Angeles Times , lost their jobs. Legendary Washington Post Executive Editor Martin Baron wrote in his memoir that he feared his bonds with the staff were "frayed beyond repair," especially over the degree of self-expression his journalists expected to exert on social media, before he decided to step down in early 2021.

Since then, Baron and others — including leaders of some of these newsrooms — have suggested that the pendulum has swung too far.

Author Interviews

Legendary editor marty baron describes his 'collision of power' with trump and bezos.

New York Times publisher A.G. Sulzberger warned last year against journalists embracing a stance of what he calls "one-side-ism": "where journalists are demonstrating that they're on the side of the righteous."

"I really think that that can create blind spots and echo chambers," he said.

Internal arguments at The Times over the strength of its reporting on accusations that Hamas engaged in sexual assaults as part of a strategy for its Oct. 7 attack on Israel erupted publicly . The paper conducted an investigation to determine the source of a leak over a planned episode of the paper's podcast The Daily on the subject, which months later has not been released. The newsroom guild accused the paper of "targeted interrogation" of journalists of Middle Eastern descent.

Heated pushback in NPR's newsroom

Given Berliner's account of private conversations, several NPR journalists question whether they can now trust him with unguarded assessments about stories in real time. Others express frustration that he had not sought out comment in advance of publication. Berliner acknowledged to me that for this story, he did not seek NPR's approval to publish the piece, nor did he give the network advance notice.

Some of Berliner's NPR colleagues are responding heatedly. Fernando Alfonso, a senior supervising editor for digital news, wrote that he wholeheartedly rejected Berliner's critique of the coverage of the Israel-Hamas conflict, for which NPR's journalists, like their peers, periodically put themselves at risk.

Alfonso also took issue with Berliner's concern over the focus on diversity at NPR.

"As a person of color who has often worked in newsrooms with little to no people who look like me, the efforts NPR has made to diversify its workforce and its sources are unique and appropriate given the news industry's long-standing lack of diversity," Alfonso says. "These efforts should be celebrated and not denigrated as Uri has done."

After this story was first published, Berliner contested Alfonso's characterization, saying his criticism of NPR is about the lack of diversity of viewpoints, not its diversity itself.

"I never criticized NPR's priority of achieving a more diverse workforce in terms of race, ethnicity and sexual orientation. I have not 'denigrated' NPR's newsroom diversity goals," Berliner said. "That's wrong."

Questions of diversity

Under former CEO John Lansing, NPR made increasing diversity, both of its staff and its audience, its "North Star" mission. Berliner says in the essay that NPR failed to consider broader diversity of viewpoint, noting, "In D.C., where NPR is headquartered and many of us live, I found 87 registered Democrats working in editorial positions and zero Republicans."

Berliner cited audience estimates that suggested a concurrent falloff in listening by Republicans. (The number of people listening to NPR broadcasts and terrestrial radio broadly has declined since the start of the pandemic.)

Former NPR vice president for news and ombudsman Jeffrey Dvorkin tweeted , "I know Uri. He's not wrong."

Others questioned Berliner's logic. "This probably gets causality somewhat backward," tweeted Semafor Washington editor Jordan Weissmann . "I'd guess that a lot of NPR listeners who voted for [Mitt] Romney have changed how they identify politically."

Similarly, Nieman Lab founder Joshua Benton suggested the rise of Trump alienated many NPR-appreciating Republicans from the GOP.

In recent years, NPR has greatly enhanced the percentage of people of color in its workforce and its executive ranks. Four out of 10 staffers are people of color; nearly half of NPR's leadership team identifies as Black, Asian or Latino.

"The philosophy is: Do you want to serve all of America and make sure it sounds like all of America, or not?" Lansing, who stepped down last month, says in response to Berliner's piece. "I'd welcome the argument against that."

"On radio, we were really lagging in our representation of an audience that makes us look like what America looks like today," Lansing says. The U.S. looks and sounds a lot different than it did in 1971, when NPR's first show was broadcast, Lansing says.

A network spokesperson says new NPR CEO Katherine Maher supports Chapin and her response to Berliner's critique.

The spokesperson says that Maher "believes that it's a healthy thing for a public service newsroom to engage in rigorous consideration of the needs of our audiences, including where we serve our mission well and where we can serve it better."

Disclosure: This story was reported and written by NPR Media Correspondent David Folkenflik and edited by Deputy Business Editor Emily Kopp and Managing Editor Gerry Holmes. Under NPR's protocol for reporting on itself, no NPR corporate official or news executive reviewed this story before it was posted publicly.

We Mustn’t Downplay the Dangers of the Right and Far Right

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To the Editor:

The March 4 opinion piece seems reasonable at first glance (“ Why Educators Often Have It Wrong About Right-Leaning Parents ”). However, at a time when educators are, in fact, surrounded by those who want their own versions of “political correctness” to hold sway in every level of education, authors Frederick M. Hess and Michael Q. McShane, both of whom work in organizations with rightward slants, downplay the dangers that come from increasingly strident and extreme politics in the right and “far right.”

What exactly are the “shared norms” that Hess and McShane tout? Our communities of the poor, Black, brown, and migrant people are increasingly fragmented and targeted by conservatives who don’t actually value the traditions and customs of such communities. We only have to listen to the increasingly hostile, even fascist-tinged language coming from some on the right. “ Vermin ” is just the most recent example of this kind of hostility. These two authors, rather than finger-wagging at educators, might be more reliable if they first disassociated themselves from the extreme right wing. That faction is not conservative at all!

Most educators already opt for understanding and discussion. That approach is seldom reciprocated!

Jon McGill Educator Baltimore, Md.

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Argumentative essay structure for muet.

• March 15, 2022

In an argumentative essay as the word suggests, you will have to present arguments for why you agree or disagree to the topic . This is the type of essay that will ask you to take a clear stand on the topic being discussed.

You will then need to explain your position on the topic by presenting a systematic reasoning regarding the subject matter. This should be done in such a way that it is going to make it easier for the reader to understand your way of thinking.

In this blog I’m going to take you step by step on how to write an argumentative essay. You will understand the structure of an argumentative essay and how to explain yourself in the different paragraphs.

This would be the content of my blog.

• BLOG CONTENT
• What is an argumentative essay?

Argumentative essay sample question

Writing structure of an argumentative essay.

• The introduction

The body paragraphs

• The conclusion

Types of essay in MUET task 2

The Malaysian University English Test (MUET) writing task 2 will consist of only one essay question. They are going to be one of these three types of essays :

• A discursive essay
• An argumentative essay
• A problem-solution essay

The argumentative essay is one type of essay that you may get in the MUET writing task 2. You are going to have to take a stand and to write your arguments out clearly based on the statement given.

In making your stand you are going to choose whether you agree, disagree or partially agree to the subject matter.

From my experience as a teacher, I could see that in a well written argumentative essay, the student is able to engage the reader well.

This student is able to explain the issue being discussed by presenting arguments agreeing or disagreeing to the topic and considering it from different perspectives. This could also involve presenting the counter arguments for the topic. When you present a counter argument, you are giving the opposing view of what you have said before.

Let’s now look at a sample question for an argumentative essay that you may get for MUET writing task 2.

This is a sample of an argumentative essay question that you can get in MUET writing task 2.

Before going any further I would like to highlight the task that you will need to fulfil. Here in the red box is your task. It is asking you of how far you agree to this statement. Here it is clear to see that this is going to be written as an argumentative essay.

You will need to remember the main objective of writing an argumentative essay. It is for you to persuade the reader to understand the points that you are making and to agree with your views. You are writing to influence the reader to think your way.

The topic of discussion for this essay is the statement given by the guest speaker. And the statement given was that ‘Money is the key to happiness’.

On the day of the MUET writing paper, the first thing that you need to do will be to read the question carefully and to make sense of the question.

Let’s find out more about the topic and the task here in this question.

This topic suggests that money is the determining factor to achieve happiness in one’s life. Without money then, the person will not achieve happiness. The person will not be happy.

After understanding the question the next thing you need to do is to take a stand. Decide on whether you agree, disagree or partially agree to this statement.

How do you decide on your stand? Well, you will choose the stand where you have a lot to write about. Choose your side where you have more content points to write about and where you could easily explain you ideas.

In order to decide your stand you are going to brainstorm on the content points first. 

These are the content points that you can have for your essay.

• Able to buy things and new experiences
• Brighter future
• Meaningful relationships are key

Based on the content points that you have come up with you can now make your stand. You then decide to take the middle ground and say that you partially agree to the topic. 

You will then choose two points to agree and another one point to disagree.

The argumentative essay that you will be writing will be made up of 5 paragraphs. The five paragraphs are as such:

• Paragraph 1

Introduction

• Paragraph 2
• Reason to agree in topic sentence 1 [TS1]
• Paragraph 3
• Reason to agree in topic sentence 2 [TS2]
• Paragraph 4
• Reason to disagree in topic sentence 3 [TS3]
• Paragraph 5

So, the structure given here is for the essay where you are going to partially agree.

The three content points would be made up of two content points to show that you agree and the third content point would be one to show that you disagree to the statement.

I normally advise my students to choose the middle ground when writing an argumentative essay. So basically, I encourage my students to take the stand of partially agreeing when writing an argumentative essay.

I encourage them to do this because I believe that writing an argumentative essay where you partially agree shows that you are quite knowledgeable in the topic. Here the students will have to provide both sides of the arguments for and against the topic being discussed.

This certainly shows critical thinking on the student’s part.

However, it is equally fine if a student decides to choose to take a stand to totally agree or to totally disagree on the topic.

Start your essay with an introduction. The stand that you are making in the introduction is that you are partially agreeing to the topic.

• INTRODUCTION
• Background information related to the topic
• Thesis statement
• Make your stand

Start your introduction with a hook. A hook is something interesting or clever that you say in the start of your essay to attract the reader to read on. Relate this hook to the topic of money being the key to happiness.

Next provide some background information on the topic being discussed. Add in observations that you made regarding money and how it affects people’s lives.

After this you will need to write your thesis statement. A thesis statement summarises your content points to support your argument for why you have chosen to partially agree to the topic. 

The last sentence in your introduction will be you making your stand. 

The body paragraphs contain ideas for or against the topic. This is where you are going to influence the reader to see your point of view from the content points that you present.

Because this essay is going to take the middle stand where you are going to partially agree, the paragraphs are going to be arranged as such.

Content 1 and 2 support the topic

This is how the paragraphs for the content points are going to be written. Content 1 and 2 will be you presenting your arguments on why you agree that money could be the key source of happiness.

This would be how you will write these paragraphs.

• Use a sequence connector like 'firstly, first and foremost' etc.
• Justify the reason to agree
• Provide evidence with an example
• Close paragraph

Start your first content point with a sequence connector. These are such as ‘First and foremost’ etc. I always tell my students to always have sequence connectors as it will provide your essay with more structure.

After the sequence connector is your topic sentence 1. TS1 is where you will provide your first reason for why you agree that money is key to a person’s happiness.

After stating the reason you will of course need to justify why you said that. Also provide an example for your reason. You will need to tie up your example with the TS1 to ensure that what you have said is relevant to the point you are making.

The last sentence will be the closinig of the paragraph. You can reinstate TS1 here by rephrasing the sentence. Make this sentence sound like it is the closing of the paragraph.

Move on to the second content point after this.

• Use a sequence connector example like moreover, next, in addition etc.

Start the second content point with a sequence connector. Use a sequence connector that signals the continuation of your points. You can use sequence connectors such as ‘Moreover.., In addition..’ etc.

Using this will tell the reader that the paragraph you are writing is a continuation from the paragraph before and that you are still agreeing to the topic.

Provide your second reason for why your agree to the topic in topic sentence 2. Like the paragraph before provide a rationale for why you agree that money is the key to happiness. And after this add in evidence for why you feel that way.

Lastly have a closing for your paragraph by reinstating your TS2. Again this closing sentence would need to sound like you are ending the point that you are making. 

Content 3 contains the counterargument

The third content point contains the counterargument for the topic. When you provide a counterargument for a topic you are presenting a reason to oppose the idea.

• Use a sequence connector like 'Nevertheless., On the other hand.., However..' etc.
• Reason to agree in topic sentence 3 [TS3]

Again, start your paragraph with a sequence connector. Use a sequence connector that signals the contrast of an idea. It is important for you to use one here as you are informing the reader that you are presenting a counterargument of your ideas before.

Use ‘on the other hand or however, to do this. Then add in your reason for why you are disagreeing to the topic. Here you are now saying that you feel money is not the key to happiness and that you are giving another suggestion. 

Justify why you feel this way. Provide an example to make your point become clearer. You can mention perhaps about what you can read in the papers of examples of how unhappy the rich and famous could become. This is regardless the factof having so much money.

Finally provide a closing for this paragraph.

Lastly is the conclusion of your essay. This is where you summarize the points that you have given and reinstate your stand on the topic.

• Use a sequence connector like 'In conclusion.., To conclude..' etc.
• State the topic of discussion
• Summarize your content points
• Recap your opinion on the matter [balanced view]

Use  asequence connector like ‘finally or to conclude’ to signal that this is your concluding paragraph. Next add in the topic of discussion to remind the reader again of the topic.

Provide a summary of the three content points for your essay. It is important that you rephrase your points so that it does not sound like you are repeating yourself. 

Next recap your opinion regarding the topic. Present it in such a way that you agree to the topic but to a certain extent only as you also feel that you also disagree to it. Provide a balanced view here.

Lastly give your conclusion an ending.You can mention about a hope perhaps that our society could find that balance of having money and other improtant aspects of life.

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Live updates, npr suspends veteran editor uri berliner, who called out left-wing bias.

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NPR suspended Uri Berliner, the senior editor who published a bombshell essay a week ago that claimed that the publicly funded outlet has “lost America’s trust” by reporting the news with a left-wing bias.

NPR media writer David Folkenflik revealed on Tuesday that Berliner was sidelined for five days without pay beginning last Friday. Folkenflik, who reviewed a copy of the letter from NPR brass, said the company told the editor he had failed to secure its approval for outside work for other news outlets — a requirement for NPR journalists.

NPR called the letter a “final warning,” saying Berliner would be fired if he violated NPR’s policy again.

Neither NPR nor Berliner immediately responded to requests for comment.

Berliner is a dues-paying member of NPR’s newsroom union, but Folkenflik reported that the editor is not appealing the punishment.

Berliner, a Peabody Award-winning journalist who has worked at NPR for 25 years, called out journalistic blind spots around major news events, including the origins of COVID-19, the war in Gaza and the Hunter Biden laptop, in an essay published Tuesday on  Bari Weiss’ online news site the Free Press .

The fallout from the essay sparked outrage from many of his colleagues. Late Monday afternoon, NPR chief news executive Edith Chapin announced to the newsroom that executive editor Eva Rodriguez would lead monthly meetings to review coverage.

The fiasco also ignited a firestorm of criticism from prominent conservatives — with former President Donald Trump demanding NPR’s federal funding be yanked — and has led to internal tumult,  the New York Times reported  Friday.

Berliner had  told The Times  he had not been disciplined by managers when interviewed last Thursday, though he received a note from his supervisor reminding him that NPR required its employees to clear speaking appearances and media requests with standards and media relations. 

He told The Times he didn’t run his initial remarks or those to the Gray Lady by NPR.  

NPR’s new chief executive Katherine Maher defended NPR’s journalism, calling Berliner’s article “profoundly disrespectful, hurtful, and demeaning,” The 42-year-old exec added that the essay amounted to “a criticism of our people on the basis of who we are.”

Folkenflik said Berliner took umbrage at that, saying she had “denigrated him.” Berliner said he supported diversifying NPR’s workforce to look more like the US population at large. Maher did not address that in a subsequent private exchange he shared with Folkenflik for the story.

The fiasco soon put the spotlight on Maher, whose own left-leaning bias came to light in a trove of woke, anti-Trump tweets she penned.

In January, when Maher was announced as NPR’s new leader,  The Post revealed her penchant  for parroting the progressive line on social media — including bluntly biased Twitter posts like “Donald Trump is a racist,” which she wrote in 2018.

That hyper-partisan message was scrubbed from the platform now known as X, but preserved on the site Archive.Today.

It’s unclear when Maher deleted it, or if its removal was tied to her new gig.

Other woke posts remain on Maher’s X account. In 2020, as the George Floyd riots raged, she attempted to justify the looting epidemic in Los Angeles as payback for the sins of slavery.

“I mean, sure, looting is counterproductive,” Maher  wrote on May 31, 2020 .

“But it’s hard to be mad about protests not prioritizing the private property of a system of oppression founded on treating people’s ancestors as private property.”

The next day, she lectured her 27,000 followers on “white silence.”

“White silence is complicity,”  she scolded . “If you are white, today is the day to start a conversation in your community.”

The NPR job is Maher’s first position in journalism or media.

She was previously the CEO of the Wikimedia Foundation, the San Francisco-based nonprofit that hosts Wikipedia, after holding communications roles for the likes of HSBC, UNICEF and the World Bank.

Maher earned a bachelor’s degree in Middle Eastern and Islamic studies from New York University,  according to her LinkedIn account , and grew up in Wilton, Conn. — a town that her mother, Ceci Maher,  now represents  as a Democratic state senator.

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Guest Essay

J.D. Vance: The Math on Ukraine Doesn’t Add Up

By J. D. Vance

Mr. Vance, a Republican, is the junior senator from Ohio.

President Biden wants the world to believe that the biggest obstacle facing Ukraine is Republicans and our lack of commitment to the global community. This is wrong.

Ukraine’s challenge is not the G.O.P.; it’s math. Ukraine needs more soldiers than it can field, even with draconian conscription policies. And it needs more matériel than the United States can provide. This reality must inform any future Ukraine policy, from further congressional aid to the diplomatic course set by the president.

The Biden administration has applied increasing pressure on Republicans to pass a supplemental aid package of more than $60 billion to Ukraine. I voted against this package in the Senate and remain opposed to virtually any proposal for the United States to continue funding this war. Mr. Biden has failed to articulate even basic facts about what Ukraine needs and how this aid will change the reality on the ground.

The most fundamental question: How much does Ukraine need and how much can we actually provide? Mr. Biden suggests that a $60 billion supplemental means the difference between victory and defeat in a major war between Russia and Ukraine. That is also wrong. This $60 billion is a fraction of what it would take to turn the tide in Ukraine’s favor. But this is not just a matter of dollars. Fundamentally, we lack the capacity to manufacture the amount of weapons Ukraine needs us to supply to win the war.

Consider our ability to produce 155-millimeter artillery shells. Last year, Ukraine’s defense minister estimated that the country’s base-line requirement for these shells was over four million per year but that it could fire up to seven million if that many were available. Since the start of the conflict, the United States has gone to great lengths to ramp up production of 155-millimeter shells. We’ve roughly doubled our capacity and can now produce 360,000 per year — less than a tenth of what Ukraine says it needs. The administration’s goal is to get this to 1.2 million — 30 percent of what’s needed — by the end of 2025. This would cost the American taxpayers dearly while yielding an unpleasantly familiar result: failure abroad.

Just this week, the top American military commander in Europe argued that absent further security assistance, Russia could soon have a 10-to-1 artillery advantage over Ukraine. What didn’t gather as many headlines is that Russia’s current advantage is at least 5 to 1, even after all the money we have poured into the conflict. Neither of these ratios plausibly leads to Ukrainian victory.

Proponents of American aid to Ukraine have argued that our approach has been a boon to our own economy, creating jobs here in the factories that manufacture weapons. But our national security interests can be — and often are — separate from our economic interests. The notion that we should prolong a bloody and gruesome war because it’s been good for American business is grotesque. We can and should rebuild our industrial base without shipping its products to a foreign conflict.

The story is the same when we look at other munitions. Take the Patriot missile system — our premier air defense weapon. It’s of such importance in this war that Ukraine’s foreign minister has specifically demanded them. That’s because in March alone, Russia reportedly launched over 3,000 guided aerial bombs, 600 drones and 400 missiles at Ukraine. To fend off these attacks, the Ukrainian president, Volodymyr Zelensky, and others have indicated they need thousands of Patriot interceptors per year. The problem is this: The United States only manufactures 550 per year. If we pass the supplemental aid package currently being considered in Congress, we could potentially increase annual production to 650, but that’s still less than a third of what Ukraine requires.

These weapons are not only needed by Ukraine. If China were to set its sights on Taiwan, the Patriot missile system would be critical to its defense. In fact, the United States has promised to send Taiwan nearly $900 million worth of Patriot missiles, but delivery of those weapons and other essential resources has been severely delayed, partly because of shortages caused by the war in Ukraine.

If that sounds bad, Ukraine’s manpower situation is even worse. Here are the basics: Russia has nearly four times the population of Ukraine. Ukraine needs upward of half a million new recruits, but hundreds of thousands of fighting-age men have already fled the country. The average Ukrainian soldier is roughly 43 years old , and many soldiers have already served two years at the front with few, if any, opportunities to stop fighting. After two years of conflict, there are some villages with almost no men left. The Ukrainian military has resorted to coercing men into service, and women have staged protests to demand the return of their husbands and fathers after long years of service at the front. This newspaper reported one instance in which the Ukrainian military attempted to conscript a man with a diagnosed mental disability.

Many in Washington seem to think that hundreds of thousands of young Ukrainians have gone to war with a song in their heart and are happy to label any thought to the contrary Russian propaganda. But major newspapers on both sides of the Atlantic are reporting that the situation on the ground in Ukraine is grim.

These basic mathematical realities were true, but contestable, at the outset of the war. They were obvious and incontestable a year ago, when American leadership worked closely with Mr. Zelensky to undertake a disastrous counteroffensive. The bad news is that accepting brute reality would have been most useful last spring, before the Ukrainians launched that extremely costly and unsuccessful military campaign. The good news is that even now, a defensive strategy can work. Digging in with old-fashioned ditches, cement and land mines are what enabled Russia to weather Ukraine’s 2023 counteroffensive. Our allies in Europe could better support such a strategy, as well. While some European countries have provided considerable resources, the burden of military support has thus far fallen heaviest on the United States.

By committing to a defensive strategy, Ukraine can preserve its precious military manpower, stop the bleeding and provide time for negotiations to commence. But this would require both the American and Ukrainian leadership to accept that Mr. Zelensky’s stated goal for the war — a return to 1991 boundaries — is fantastical.

The White House has said time and again that it can’t negotiate with President Vladimir Putin of Russia. This is absurd. The Biden administration has no viable plan for the Ukrainians to win this war. The sooner Americans confront this truth, the sooner we can fix this mess and broker for peace.

J.D. Vance ( @JDVance1 ), a Republican, is the junior senator from Ohio.

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