qualitative research topics in finance

Research Topics & Ideas: Finance

120+ Finance Research Topic Ideas To Fast-Track Your Project

If you’re just starting out exploring potential research topics for your finance-related dissertation, thesis or research project, you’ve come to the right place. In this post, we’ll help kickstart your research topic ideation process by providing a hearty list of finance-centric research topics and ideas.

PS – This is just the start…

We know it’s exciting to run through a list of research topics, but please keep in mind that this list is just a starting point . To develop a suitable education-related research topic, you’ll need to identify a clear and convincing research gap , and a viable plan of action to fill that gap.

If this sounds foreign to you, check out our free research topic webinar that explores how to find and refine a high-quality research topic, from scratch. Alternatively, if you’d like hands-on help, consider our 1-on-1 coaching service .

Overview: Finance Research Topics

• Corporate finance topics
• Investment banking topics
• Private equity & VC
• Asset management
• Hedge funds
• Financial planning & advisory
• Quantitative finance
• Treasury management
• Financial technology (FinTech)
• Commercial banking
• International finance

Corporate Finance

These research topic ideas explore a breadth of issues ranging from the examination of capital structure to the exploration of financial strategies in mergers and acquisitions.

• Evaluating the impact of capital structure on firm performance across different industries
• Assessing the effectiveness of financial management practices in emerging markets
• A comparative analysis of the cost of capital and financial structure in multinational corporations across different regulatory environments
• Examining how integrating sustainability and CSR initiatives affect a corporation’s financial performance and brand reputation
• Analysing how rigorous financial analysis informs strategic decisions and contributes to corporate growth
• Examining the relationship between corporate governance structures and financial performance
• A comparative analysis of financing strategies among mergers and acquisitions
• Evaluating the importance of financial transparency and its impact on investor relations and trust
• Investigating the role of financial flexibility in strategic investment decisions during economic downturns
• Investigating how different dividend policies affect shareholder value and the firm’s financial performance

Investment Banking

The list below presents a series of research topics exploring the multifaceted dimensions of investment banking, with a particular focus on its evolution following the 2008 financial crisis.

• Analysing the evolution and impact of regulatory frameworks in investment banking post-2008 financial crisis
• Investigating the challenges and opportunities associated with cross-border M&As facilitated by investment banks.
• Evaluating the role of investment banks in facilitating mergers and acquisitions in emerging markets
• Analysing the transformation brought about by digital technologies in the delivery of investment banking services and its effects on efficiency and client satisfaction.
• Evaluating the role of investment banks in promoting sustainable finance and the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria in investment decisions.
• Assessing the impact of technology on the efficiency and effectiveness of investment banking services
• Examining the effectiveness of investment banks in pricing and marketing IPOs, and the subsequent performance of these IPOs in the stock market.
• A comparative analysis of different risk management strategies employed by investment banks
• Examining the relationship between investment banking fees and corporate performance
• A comparative analysis of competitive strategies employed by leading investment banks and their impact on market share and profitability

Private Equity & Venture Capital (VC)

These research topic ideas are centred on venture capital and private equity investments, with a focus on their impact on technological startups, emerging technologies, and broader economic ecosystems.

• Investigating the determinants of successful venture capital investments in tech startups
• Analysing the trends and outcomes of venture capital funding in emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, or clean energy
• Assessing the performance and return on investment of different exit strategies employed by venture capital firms
• Assessing the impact of private equity investments on the financial performance of SMEs
• Analysing the role of venture capital in fostering innovation and entrepreneurship
• Evaluating the exit strategies of private equity firms: A comparative analysis
• Exploring the ethical considerations in private equity and venture capital financing
• Investigating how private equity ownership influences operational efficiency and overall business performance
• Evaluating the effectiveness of corporate governance structures in companies backed by private equity investments
• Examining how the regulatory environment in different regions affects the operations, investments and performance of private equity and venture capital firms

Asset Management

This list includes a range of research topic ideas focused on asset management, probing into the effectiveness of various strategies, the integration of technology, and the alignment with ethical principles among other key dimensions.

• Analysing the effectiveness of different asset allocation strategies in diverse economic environments
• Analysing the methodologies and effectiveness of performance attribution in asset management firms
• Assessing the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria on fund performance
• Examining the role of robo-advisors in modern asset management
• Evaluating how advancements in technology are reshaping portfolio management strategies within asset management firms
• Evaluating the performance persistence of mutual funds and hedge funds
• Investigating the long-term performance of portfolios managed with ethical or socially responsible investing principles
• Investigating the behavioural biases in individual and institutional investment decisions
• Examining the asset allocation strategies employed by pension funds and their impact on long-term fund performance
• Assessing the operational efficiency of asset management firms and its correlation with fund performance

Hedge Funds

Here we explore research topics related to hedge fund operations and strategies, including their implications on corporate governance, financial market stability, and regulatory compliance among other critical facets.

• Assessing the impact of hedge fund activism on corporate governance and financial performance
• Analysing the effectiveness and implications of market-neutral strategies employed by hedge funds
• Investigating how different fee structures impact the performance and investor attraction to hedge funds
• Evaluating the contribution of hedge funds to financial market liquidity and the implications for market stability
• Analysing the risk-return profile of hedge fund strategies during financial crises
• Evaluating the influence of regulatory changes on hedge fund operations and performance
• Examining the level of transparency and disclosure practices in the hedge fund industry and its impact on investor trust and regulatory compliance
• Assessing the contribution of hedge funds to systemic risk in financial markets, and the effectiveness of regulatory measures in mitigating such risks
• Examining the role of hedge funds in financial market stability
• Investigating the determinants of hedge fund success: A comparative analysis

Financial Planning and Advisory

This list explores various research topic ideas related to financial planning, focusing on the effects of financial literacy, the adoption of digital tools, taxation policies, and the role of financial advisors.

• Evaluating the impact of financial literacy on individual financial planning effectiveness
• Analysing how different taxation policies influence financial planning strategies among individuals and businesses
• Evaluating the effectiveness and user adoption of digital tools in modern financial planning practices
• Investigating the adequacy of long-term financial planning strategies in ensuring retirement security
• Assessing the role of financial education in shaping financial planning behaviour among different demographic groups
• Examining the impact of psychological biases on financial planning and decision-making, and strategies to mitigate these biases
• Assessing the behavioural factors influencing financial planning decisions
• Examining the role of financial advisors in managing retirement savings
• A comparative analysis of traditional versus robo-advisory in financial planning
• Investigating the ethics of financial advisory practices

The following list delves into research topics within the insurance sector, touching on the technological transformations, regulatory shifts, and evolving consumer behaviours among other pivotal aspects.

• Analysing the impact of technology adoption on insurance pricing and risk management
• Analysing the influence of Insurtech innovations on the competitive dynamics and consumer choices in insurance markets
• Investigating the factors affecting consumer behaviour in insurance product selection and the role of digital channels in influencing decisions
• Assessing the effect of regulatory changes on insurance product offerings
• Examining the determinants of insurance penetration in emerging markets
• Evaluating the operational efficiency of claims management processes in insurance companies and its impact on customer satisfaction
• Examining the evolution and effectiveness of risk assessment models used in insurance underwriting and their impact on pricing and coverage
• Evaluating the role of insurance in financial stability and economic development
• Investigating the impact of climate change on insurance models and products
• Exploring the challenges and opportunities in underwriting cyber insurance in the face of evolving cyber threats and regulations

Quantitative Finance

These topic ideas span the development of asset pricing models, evaluation of machine learning algorithms, and the exploration of ethical implications among other pivotal areas.

• Developing and testing new quantitative models for asset pricing
• Analysing the effectiveness and limitations of machine learning algorithms in predicting financial market movements
• Assessing the effectiveness of various risk management techniques in quantitative finance
• Evaluating the advancements in portfolio optimisation techniques and their impact on risk-adjusted returns
• Evaluating the impact of high-frequency trading on market efficiency and stability
• Investigating the influence of algorithmic trading strategies on market efficiency and liquidity
• Examining the risk parity approach in asset allocation and its effectiveness in different market conditions
• Examining the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence in quantitative financial analysis
• Investigating the ethical implications of quantitative financial innovations
• Assessing the profitability and market impact of statistical arbitrage strategies considering different market microstructures

Treasury Management

The following topic ideas explore treasury management, focusing on modernisation through technological advancements, the impact on firm liquidity, and the intertwined relationship with corporate governance among other crucial areas.

• Analysing the impact of treasury management practices on firm liquidity and profitability
• Analysing the role of automation in enhancing operational efficiency and strategic decision-making in treasury management
• Evaluating the effectiveness of various cash management strategies in multinational corporations
• Investigating the potential of blockchain technology in streamlining treasury operations and enhancing transparency
• Examining the role of treasury management in mitigating financial risks
• Evaluating the accuracy and effectiveness of various cash flow forecasting techniques employed in treasury management
• Assessing the impact of technological advancements on treasury management operations
• Examining the effectiveness of different foreign exchange risk management strategies employed by treasury managers in multinational corporations
• Assessing the impact of regulatory compliance requirements on the operational and strategic aspects of treasury management
• Investigating the relationship between treasury management and corporate governance

Financial Technology (FinTech)

The following research topic ideas explore the transformative potential of blockchain, the rise of open banking, and the burgeoning landscape of peer-to-peer lending among other focal areas.

• Evaluating the impact of blockchain technology on financial services
• Investigating the implications of open banking on consumer data privacy and financial services competition
• Assessing the role of FinTech in financial inclusion in emerging markets
• Analysing the role of peer-to-peer lending platforms in promoting financial inclusion and their impact on traditional banking systems
• Examining the cybersecurity challenges faced by FinTech firms and the regulatory measures to ensure data protection and financial stability
• Examining the regulatory challenges and opportunities in the FinTech ecosystem
• Assessing the impact of artificial intelligence on the delivery of financial services, customer experience, and operational efficiency within FinTech firms
• Analysing the adoption and impact of cryptocurrencies on traditional financial systems
• Investigating the determinants of success for FinTech startups

Commercial Banking

These topic ideas span commercial banking, encompassing digital transformation, support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and the evolving regulatory and competitive landscape among other key themes.

• Assessing the impact of digital transformation on commercial banking services and competitiveness
• Analysing the impact of digital transformation on customer experience and operational efficiency in commercial banking
• Evaluating the role of commercial banks in supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
• Investigating the effectiveness of credit risk management practices and their impact on bank profitability and financial stability
• Examining the relationship between commercial banking practices and financial stability
• Evaluating the implications of open banking frameworks on the competitive landscape and service innovation in commercial banking
• Assessing how regulatory changes affect lending practices and risk appetite of commercial banks
• Examining how commercial banks are adapting their strategies in response to competition from FinTech firms and changing consumer preferences
• Analysing the impact of regulatory compliance on commercial banking operations
• Investigating the determinants of customer satisfaction and loyalty in commercial banking

International Finance

The folowing research topic ideas are centred around international finance and global economic dynamics, delving into aspects like exchange rate fluctuations, international financial regulations, and the role of international financial institutions among other pivotal areas.

• Analysing the determinants of exchange rate fluctuations and their impact on international trade
• Analysing the influence of global trade agreements on international financial flows and foreign direct investments
• Evaluating the effectiveness of international portfolio diversification strategies in mitigating risks and enhancing returns
• Evaluating the role of international financial institutions in global financial stability
• Investigating the role and implications of offshore financial centres on international financial stability and regulatory harmonisation
• Examining the impact of global financial crises on emerging market economies
• Examining the challenges and regulatory frameworks associated with cross-border banking operations
• Assessing the effectiveness of international financial regulations
• Investigating the challenges and opportunities of cross-border mergers and acquisitions

Choosing A Research Topic

These finance-related research topic ideas are starting points to guide your thinking. They are intentionally very broad and open-ended. By engaging with the currently literature in your field of interest, you’ll be able to narrow down your focus to a specific research gap .

When choosing a topic , you’ll need to take into account its originality, relevance, feasibility, and the resources you have at your disposal. Make sure to align your interest and expertise in the subject with your university program’s specific requirements. Always consult your academic advisor to ensure that your chosen topic not only meets the academic criteria but also provides a valuable contribution to the field. 

If you need a helping hand, feel free to check out our private coaching service here.

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Qualitative research in finance

Research output : Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

This paper provides an overview of qualitative research to encourage finance researchers to apply a more diverse approach to current research practices. Social science researchers recognize that research questions should determine what research paradigm is best for each study. Imagine the benefits to finance if we expand our empirical sources of data to include what people have to say, which then allows us to explore the complex reasoning behind these conversations. It is the intent of this paper to enhance our current research practices in finance through the use of qualitative methods and to view this approach as an invaluable supplement or prelude to existing practices.

• qualitative research

Access to Document

• 10.1177/0312896212469611

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• Link to publication in Scopus

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• Qualitative Research Business & Economics 100%
• Finance Business & Economics 81%
• Research Paradigms Business & Economics 37%
• Qualitative Methods Business & Economics 36%
• Social Sciences Business & Economics 22%

T1 - Qualitative research in finance

AU - Kaczynski, Dan

AU - Salmona, Michelle

AU - Smith, Tom

PY - 2014/2

Y1 - 2014/2

N2 - This paper provides an overview of qualitative research to encourage finance researchers to apply a more diverse approach to current research practices. Social science researchers recognize that research questions should determine what research paradigm is best for each study. Imagine the benefits to finance if we expand our empirical sources of data to include what people have to say, which then allows us to explore the complex reasoning behind these conversations. It is the intent of this paper to enhance our current research practices in finance through the use of qualitative methods and to view this approach as an invaluable supplement or prelude to existing practices.

AB - This paper provides an overview of qualitative research to encourage finance researchers to apply a more diverse approach to current research practices. Social science researchers recognize that research questions should determine what research paradigm is best for each study. Imagine the benefits to finance if we expand our empirical sources of data to include what people have to say, which then allows us to explore the complex reasoning behind these conversations. It is the intent of this paper to enhance our current research practices in finance through the use of qualitative methods and to view this approach as an invaluable supplement or prelude to existing practices.

KW - finance

KW - qualitative research

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84893691329&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1177/0312896212469611

DO - 10.1177/0312896212469611

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84893691329

SN - 0312-8962

JO - Australian Journal of Management

JF - Australian Journal of Management

Qualitative Research in Financial Markets

Asian Review of Accounting

ISSN : 1321-7348

Article publication date: 18 May 2010

(2010), "Qualitative Research in Financial Markets", Asian Review of Accounting , Vol. 18 No. 1. https://doi.org/10.1108/ara.2010.34118aaa.002

Emerald Group Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2010, Emerald Group Publishing Limited

Article Type: Conference announcement and Call for papers From: Asian Review of Accounting, Volume 18, Issue 1

Behavioural Perspectives on the Financial CrisisBehavioural Finance Working Group,Cass Business School, City University, London, 10-11 DecemberConference organisers: William Forbes, Paul Hamalainen, and Gulnur MuradogluKeynote speaker: Werner De Bondt, De Paul University, Chicago, USA

The unfolding financial crisis issues a dramatic challenge to the current practice of banking, insurance and investment management professionals and those who regulate them. The intensity of the crisis raises problems regarding the adequacy of prevailing orthodoxy regarding how markets operate and how their excesses might be controlled. Behavioural approaches to finance as an emergent complement to and critique of standard finance theory should have much to say about both the causes and the potential remedies for ``the state we are in''. This inaugural meeting of the Behavioural Workshop will seek contributions from areas which include, while not being limited to, the following issues:

The construction of mental frames and heuristics to guide risk management of structured finance products, securitised debt and other instruments.

The role of individual investors in the crisis, especially those obtaining "sub-prime'' mortgages.

The psychology and reactions of investors (professional and retail) to the engulfing crisis.

The way forward and behavioural perspectives on rebuilding a robust financial system.

Attempts to improve financial markets by enhancing "financial democracy'' through trading platforms for the most commonly feared risks, losing one's job or home, etc.

Reflecting behavioural perspectives in financial regulation and corporate governance reforms.

Professional investors, transparency and behavioural assumptions underlying market discipline.

The deadline for paper submissions is 18 September 2009 . The organisers will come back with a decision within three weeks after the deadline. To submit a paper for consideration please e-mail a PDF version of the paper to: [email protected]

Papers chosen for submission will be considered for publication for a special issue of Qualitative Research in Financial Markets .

There will be a separate PhD session to encourage the work of PhD students on Behavioural Finance. PhD students with full or near full papers are encouraged to apply.

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Thesis Topics for Financial Management: A Comprehensive Guide

Welcome to the ultimate guide to thesis topics for financial management. Whether you’re a finance student seeking inspiration or a researcher delving into unexplored financial territories, this article will provide a comprehensive roadmap to help you navigate the complexities of financial management and identify captivating thesis topics that will leave a lasting impact.

Key Takeaways:

Financial management thesis topics can explore areas such as capital management, investment choices, employee salary plans, stock market intermediaries, and the impact of fintech.

Examine the relationship between valuation and financial decisions in strategic financial management.

Investigate financial management practices in government budgeting and healthcare organizations.

Explore personal financial management, financial literacy, and financial management challenges in project costs and finance.

Analyze principles for managing financial operation exposure.

Additional resources for finance thesis topic ideas can be found at 1233 Finance Dissertation Topics: Useful List To Inspire You and Finance Dissertation Topic Ideas .

Table of Contents

Thesis Topics for Financial Management

Navigating the dynamic and ever-evolving field of financial management requires a thorough understanding of its principles and practices. For those pursuing advanced degrees in finance, selecting a compelling and impactful thesis topic is crucial. This guide provides financial management students with a comprehensive roadmap for identifying, researching, and developing effective thesis topics that align with their academic and career aspirations.

Choosing a Thesis Topic

Identify Your Interests: Begin by reflecting on your academic pursuits, professional goals, and personal interests. Consider areas of financial management that pique your curiosity and align with your long-term objectives.

Conduct Preliminary Research: Explore various aspects of financial management through scholarly articles, textbooks, and industry reports. Identify emerging trends, unanswered questions, and gaps in the existing literature.

Consider Your Resources: Assess the availability of data, literature, and expert guidance related to your potential thesis topics. Ensure that you have the necessary resources to conduct a comprehensive and meaningful research project.

Consult with Faculty: Engage with professors, academic advisors, and industry professionals to gather insights and feedback on potential thesis topics. Their expertise can help you refine your ideas and ensure their relevance and feasibility.

Developing Your Thesis Topic

Narrow Your Focus: Once you have a general topic area, narrow it down to a specific and manageable research question. Your thesis topic should be specific enough to allow for in-depth analysis while remaining broad enough to provide meaningful insights.

Conduct a Literature Review: Review existing literature related to your thesis topic to identify knowledge gaps, inconsistencies, or unexplored perspectives. This will help you position your research within the broader academic context.

Formulate a Research Hypothesis: Develop a clear and testable hypothesis that outlines the relationship between the variables you intend to investigate. Your hypothesis should be specific, measurable, and falsifiable.

Design Your Research Methodology: Choose appropriate research methods and techniques to gather and analyze data. Consider quantitative methods (e.g., surveys, experiments), qualitative methods (e.g., interviews, case studies), or a combination of both.

Writing Your Thesis

Organize Your Content: Outline the structure of your thesis, including an introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion. Each section should flow logically from the previous one.

Present Your Findings: Clearly and concisely present your research findings, using tables, graphs, and other visual aids to enhance clarity and comprehension.

Analyze and Interpret Your Results: Discuss the implications of your findings and their relevance to the existing body of knowledge. Identify limitations and suggest areas for future research.

Draw Conclusions: Summarize your key findings and their significance. Provide a clear answer to your research question and highlight the contributions of your research to the field of financial management.

By following these steps and adhering to the principles of academic rigor and intellectual curiosity, you can develop a compelling and impactful thesis topic for financial management . Your research will not only contribute to the advancement of knowledge but also provide valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers, ultimately shaping the future of financial management.

For those working on their financial management thesis, explore our comprehensive list of thesis topics in financial management that will inspire your research and help you excel in your academic endeavors.

MBA students, looking for your next thesis topic? Check out our diverse selection of thesis topics for MBA students to find one that resonates with your interests and aspirations.

Conduct a thorough analysis of the financial landscape in Nepal with our thesis topics for finance in Nepal , providing insightful perspectives on this dynamic sector.

Delve into the dynamic world of finance with our thesis topics for finance , offering a wide range of subjects that will ignite your passion for this ever-evolving field.

Data Collection and Analysis: Methods and Approaches for Financial Management Research

Picture this: you’re standing before a financial puzzle. Data points are the pieces, and your goal is to assemble them into a meaningful picture. How do you proceed? It’s all about choosing the right methods for data collection and analysis —the foundation of any solid financial management research.

• Qualitative research: Uncover deeper insights by exploring non-numerical data and subjective experiences.
• Data collection methods: Interviews, focus groups, ethnography, document analysis, and observation are commonly used.
• Data analysis: Delve into thematic analysis, grounded theory, phenomenology, and discourse analysis for meaningful interpretation.
• Quantitative research: Harness the power of numerical data to test hypotheses and uncover trends.
• Data collection methods: Surveys, experiments, content analysis, and econometrics are popular choices.
• Data analysis: Statistical techniques, regression analysis, and modeling bring clarity to numerical data.
• Mixed methods: Blend qualitative and quantitative approaches for a comprehensive understanding.
• Data integration: Combine diverse data sources to paint a complete picture.
• Ethical considerations: Ensure research integrity, participant confidentiality, and data security.
• Data visualization: Transform complex data into digestible visuals and graphics.

Qualitative Research: Unveiling Subjective Perspectives

Qualitative research delves into non-numerical data , offering a rich understanding of subjective experiences , beliefs, and attitudes that shape financial behavior. Researchers use this method to explore topics like consumer preferences, market trends, and corporate decision-making.

Common Data Collection Methods:

• Interviews: Engage in one-on-one conversations to gather detailed insights and personal narratives.
• Focus Groups: Facilitate group discussions to generate a collective understanding of shared perspectives.
• Ethnography: Immerse yourself in a specific setting to observe and understand financial practices and behaviors.
• Document Analysis: Scrutinize financial documents, reports, and other written sources for valuable information.
• Observation: Directly observe financial activities and interactions to gather real-time data.

Data Analysis Techniques:

• Thematic Analysis: Identify and extract recurring themes and patterns from the collected data.
• Grounded Theory: Develop theories based on the data itself, rather than applying pre-existing frameworks.
• Phenomenology: Aim to understand the subjective experiences and perspectives of individuals related to financial phenomena.
• Discourse Analysis: Examine how language is used to construct and communicate financial meanings and practices.

Quantitative Research: Unraveling Numerical Patterns

Quantitative research investigates numerical data to test hypotheses , uncover trends, and establish relationships between variables. This method is often used to assess financial performance, analyze market data, and evaluate investment strategies.

• Surveys: Gather data from a large sample of respondents using standardized questionnaires.
• Experiments: Conduct controlled experiments to test the effects of specific variables on financial outcomes.
• Content Analysis: Analyze written or visual material to extract quantitative information.
• Econometrics: Apply statistical and mathematical models to financial data to identify patterns and relationships.
• Statistical Techniques: Employ statistical methods like correlation, regression, and analysis of variance to uncover patterns and relationships.
• Regression Analysis: Investigate the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
• Modeling: Develop mathematical or computer models to simulate financial systems and forecast outcomes.

Mixed Methods: Blending Qualitative and Quantitative Insights

Mixed methods research combines qualitative and quantitative approaches to gain a comprehensive understanding of a research topic. This approach allows researchers to explore both the subjective experiences and numerical patterns related to financial phenomena.

Key Benefits:

• Triangulation: Mixed methods provide multiple perspectives, enhancing the validity and reliability of research findings.
• Complementary Insights: Qualitative data can help interpret and explain quantitative findings, leading to a deeper understanding.
• Holistic View: Mixed methods offer a comprehensive understanding of complex financial issues.

Data Integration: Unifying Diverse Data Sources

Data integration involves combining data from multiple sources to create a comprehensive dataset. This process enhances the richness and depth of the analysis, allowing researchers to draw more informed conclusions.

Common Data Integration Techniques:

• Data Warehousing: Store data from various sources in a central repository for easy access and analysis.
• Data Mining: Extract valuable information and patterns from large datasets using statistical and machine learning techniques.
• Data Fusion: Combine data from different sources to create a more comprehensive and accurate representation of reality.

Ethical Considerations: Upholding Research Integrity

Ethical considerations are paramount in financial management research. Researchers must ensure the integrity of their research , confidentiality of participants , and security of data . This includes obtaining informed consent, protecting privacy, and adhering to institutional review board guidelines.

Data Visualization: Transforming Data into Insights

Data visualization transforms complex data into digestible visuals and graphics . This makes it easier for researchers and decision-makers to understand patterns, trends , and relationships in the data . Common data visualization techniques include charts, graphs, heat maps, and infographics.

• Qualitative and Quantitative Methods, Data Collection and Analysis
• Mixed Methods: A Guidebook for Researchers

Thesis Structure and Organization: Crafting a Coherent and Cohesive Thesis

Navigating the labyrinth of academic research can be daunting, especially when it comes to crafting a thesis that stands out. In the realm of financial management, a well-structured and organized thesis is the cornerstone of a successful research endeavor.

• Logical Flow: A thesis should have a clear structure that flows logically from one chapter to the next, guiding the reader through your research journey.
• Introduction: Begin by establishing the context and significance of your research topic, culminating in a concise thesis statement that encapsulates your central argument.
• Body Chapters: Dedicate separate chapters to distinct aspects of your research, ensuring each chapter delves deeper into a specific facet of your thesis statement.
• Conclusion: Summarize the key findings of your research, reinforcing the significance of your work and its implications for the field of financial management.

In the realm of financial management, meticulous Thesis Structure and Organization: Crafting a Coherent and Cohesive Thesis is quintessential for a compelling thesis. By adhering to these fundamental principles, you’ll elevate your research to new heights, crafting a thesis that resonates with readers and leaves a lasting impact on the field.

• Structuring Your Thesis
• Thesis Statements – The Writing Center

Writing and Presentation: Communicating Your Research Findings Effectively

In the realm of financial management, crafting a captivating thesis requires meticulous attention to detail, a keen eye for relevant topics, and the ability to effectively convey your findings to a diverse audience. The research journey is akin to embarking on an intellectual expedition, where you’ll navigate the financial landscape, uncover hidden gems of knowledge, and weave together a compelling narrative that captivates your readers.

• Embark on an intellectual journey to select captivating thesis topics in financial management.
• Delve into quantitative and qualitative research methods to uncover hidden gems of knowledge.
• Craft a compelling thesis narrative that resonates with your audience.
• Master the art of presenting your findings with clarity, confidence, and visual appeal.
• Engage your audience through active participation and thought-provoking discussions.

As you embark on this academic odyssey, let’s explore some strategies for selecting compelling thesis topics in financial management:

Embrace a Broader Perspective: Expand your horizons beyond traditional finance topics. Consider emerging trends, societal issues, and interdisciplinary approaches that intertwine finance with other fields, such as technology, sustainability, and behavioral economics.

Seek Inspiration from Real-World Challenges: Dive into the complexities of the financial world and identify pressing problems or opportunities that demand exploration. Examine financial crises, market anomalies, or corporate scandals, and investigate how financial management practices can mitigate risks and enhance performance.

Tap into Your Passions: Reflect on your personal interests and expertise in financial management. Choose a topic that ignites your intellectual curiosity and allows you to delve deeply into an area that truly fascinates you. Your passion for the subject matter will shine through in your research and captivate your audience.

Conduct Preliminary Research: Before committing to a specific topic, conduct preliminary research to assess its feasibility and relevance. Explore existing literature, consult with faculty advisors, and gather data to determine if your chosen topic offers sufficient depth and breadth for a comprehensive thesis.

Refine Your Topic: Once you’ve selected a promising topic, narrow it down to a specific and manageable scope. A well-defined thesis statement should clearly articulate your research question, objectives, and expected contributions to the field of financial management.

With your thesis topic meticulously chosen, it’s time to delve into the intricacies of quantitative and qualitative research methods, each offering unique tools to uncover the hidden gems of knowledge:

Quantitative Research: Harness the power of data and statistical analysis to uncover patterns, trends, and relationships within financial data. Leverage statistical software, econometric models, and forecasting techniques to extract meaningful insights and test hypotheses.

Qualitative Research: Explore the subjective dimensions of financial phenomena by conducting interviews, focus groups, and case studies. Delve into the perceptions, experiences, and behaviors of individuals and organizations to gain a deeper understanding of complex financial issues.

As you embark on your research journey, remember that the art of presenting your findings is just as crucial as the research itself. Master the skill of crafting a compelling thesis narrative, one that captivates your audience and leaves a lasting impression:

Organize Your Content: Structure your thesis logically and coherently. Introduce your topic, present your research findings, discuss their implications, and conclude with a concise summary. Each section should flow seamlessly into the next, building a cohesive narrative.

Clarity and Conciseness: Strive for clarity and conciseness in your writing. Avoid jargon and technical terms that may alienate your audience. Use simple language that effectively conveys your ideas. Eliminate unnecessary words and phrases to ensure your message is clear and compelling.

Visual Appeal: Incorporate visual aids, such as graphs, charts, and images, to enhance the impact of your findings. Visuals can simplify complex data, illustrate trends, and make your presentation more engaging and memorable.

Engage Your Audience: Encourage active participation and thought-provoking discussions. Pose questions, seek feedback, and invite your audience to share their perspectives. Create an interactive experience that stimulates critical thinking and fosters a deeper understanding of your research.

Remember, the success of your thesis presentation lies not only in the content itself but also in your ability to deliver it with confidence, clarity, and passion. Captivate your audience with your enthusiasm for the subject matter and your genuine desire to share your knowledge and insights.

As you embark on this academic odyssey, embrace the challenges and revel in the discoveries that await you. Your thesis is not merely an academic exercise; it’s an opportunity to make a meaningful contribution to the field of financial management and leave your mark on the world of finance.

Most Relevant URL Sources:

• Communicating Research Findings
• Writing and Presenting Research Findings

Q1: What is the goal of financial management thesis topics?

A1: Financial management thesis topics aim to explore and analyze various aspects of financial management practices, theories, and challenges in different contexts. The goal is to contribute to the body of knowledge in financial management and provide insights for decision-makers in businesses, organizations, and governments.

Q2: What are some common thesis topics in financial management?

A2: Common thesis topics in financial management include capital management and investment decisions, employee salary plans and tax strategies, the role of intermediaries in stock markets, comparative studies of traditional finance methods and the influence of Fintech, and the link between valuation and financial decisions.

Q3: What are the different types of data collection methods commonly used in thesis research in financial management?

A3: Thesis research in financial management often employs qualitative research methods to gather data. These methods include interviews, focus groups, ethnography, document analysis, and observation. These methods allow researchers to collect rich and detailed information about the subjective experiences, attitudes, and beliefs of individuals and groups related to financial phenomena.

Q4: How can thesis research in financial management contribute to the field?

A4: Thesis research in financial management can contribute to the field by providing deeper insights into financial phenomena, exploring new areas of inquiry, and generating novel theoretical and practical implications. The findings from thesis research can inform decision-making, improve financial practices, and address real-world challenges faced by businesses, organizations, and policymakers.

Q5: What are some important considerations for organizing and structuring a thesis in financial management?

A5: Organizing and structuring a thesis in financial management requires careful attention to the reader’s expectations, discipline requirements, and logical flow. A clear structure typically includes an introduction, body chapters, and a conclusion. The introduction provides background information and context, while the body chapters present the research findings in a logical order, addressing different aspects of the research question. The conclusion summarizes the main findings and restates the thesis statement.

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Fintech: A content analysis of the finance and information systems literature

• Research Paper
• Published: 03 April 2023
• Volume 33 , article number  2 , ( 2023 )

Cite this article

• Zack Jourdan 1 ,
• J. Ken. Corley 2 ,
• Randall Valentine 3 &
• Arthur M. Tran 3  

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The amount of research related to financial technologies (fintech) has grown rapidly since these modalities have been implemented. A review of this literature base will help identify the topics that have been explored and identify topics for further research. This research project collects, synthesizes, and analyzes both the research strategies (i.e., methodologies) and content (e.g., topics, focus, categories) of the literature, and then discusses an agenda for future research efforts. We searched for fintech research published in the last 20 years and analyzed 146 articles published in Finance and 70 articles published in Information Systems (IS) during this period in their respective A*, A, and B journals in the 2019 Australian Business Deans Council list. We found an increasing level of activity during the most recent 6-year period and a biased distribution of fintech articles focused on exploratory methodologies. We also found several research strategies that were either underrepresented or absent from the pool of fintech research and identified several subject areas that need further exploration. We also created four fintech topic categories to organize and classify this diverse research stream.

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Introduction

Innovation and Fintech

Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.

With the continuous advancements in technology, the current interest in fintech in both academia and in practice is more prevalent than ever. Typically, a portmanteau for “financial technology”, fintech has been referenced for more than 40 years in more than 200 scholarly articles (Schueffel, 2016 ). Throughout the years, different definitions of fintech have been proposed for different contexts and across countries, while the origin of the term “fintech” remains to be a point of contention. Only until recently, Schueffel ( 2016 ) reconciles various existing definitions and defines fintech as “a new financial industry that applies technology to improve financial activities.” As a joint evolution of finance and technology, fintech encompasses cryptocurrencies, Internet banking, mobile payments, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer lending, Robo-Advisory, online identification, and many other important innovations (Lagna & Ravishankar, 2022 ). Nonetheless, fintech is still a relatively undiscovered academic field and expects its definition to continue to evolve. To date, no study has examined neither the methodologies employed nor the content thereof. The purpose of this study is to synthesize the methodologies and content of all fintech article from the past 20 year encompassing all journals on the Australian Business Deans list that have a rating of A*, A, and B. In doing so, we hope to find a synthesis of keywords and methodological advances that can be used in further exploration of fintech research.

Studies which systematically review the literature, such as Farooq and Jibran ( 2018 ), have been shown to be valuable contributions to understanding the scope, measurements, impact size, and determinants of a particular area to synthesize with the area’s future research agenda. In this paper, we performed a meta-analysis of research methods employed in the data stream of fintech research. In the literature stream, there has not been a comprehensive survey of the methodologies employed in fintech literature. In fact, there have been very few studies reviewing the methodologies employed in finance research in the past 15 years, with Kim and Ji ( 2015 ) and Adams et al. ( 2019 ) being the closest examples. Lagna and Ravishankar ( 2022 ) illustrated the growing interest that IS researchers have shown in the fintech research domain. Alt et al. ( 2018 ) called fintech a revolution that had evolved from offline, hierarchical, process-oriented organizations to digital, agile, customer-centric system and stated, “FinTech businesses are more IT companies than financial providers were before.”

The following sections of the paper will examine the current literature to determine what is known about the concept of fintech. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: a description of the methodology for the analysis of the fintech research is presented. This is followed by the results. Finally, the research is summarized with a discussion of the limitations of this project and suggestions for future research.

• Literature review

One focus in the fintech literature is about how fintech companies provide new and improved financial services. As Thakor ( 1999 ) discusses, the development of information technology enables new financial firms to be highly specialized and provides products and services which are tailored to customer preferences. As new players in the financial market, fintech companies have the potential to reduce financial contracting frictions and increase consumer welfare (Philippon, 2015 ). For example, Fuster et al. ( 2019 ) find evidence that fintechs have improved the productivity of mortgage lending.

These additional values which fintechs may bring to the finance industry come from the fact that these firms are different from traditional financial institutions. Thakor ( 2020 ) discusses that fintech firms bare lower operating costs than traditional banks. For instance, Lending Club, a fintech firm, has operating costs as a percentage of outstanding loans at 2.70% compared to those of banks at almost 7%. According to Benoit et al. ( 2019 ), fintechs also have lower regulatory costs than banks. In the USA, even though peer-to-peer (P2P) lending is subject to the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)’s regulation and state laws, these regulatory burdens are much lighter than that of banks.

Much of the recent fintech research is concerned with how fintechs impact traditional banks. Christensen ( 2016 ) provides the “disruptive theory” in which new entrants effectively compete with traditional players by providing accessible and cost-effective goods and services to customers. Boyd and De Nicolo ( 2005 ) posit that banks become more competitive by providing cheaper loans. In turn, borrowers have less incentive to risk shift which results in banks having less default risk. Similarly, Goetz ( 2018 ) finds that the increased competition forces banks to be more efficient by reducing over-lending and engaging in relationship lending. On the other hand, Bertsch et al. ( 2020 ) find that banks’ increased misconduct is related to the emergence of the US online lending market. Large banks can also choose to acquire fintech firms. For instance, in 2015, Capital One acquired Level Money to strengthen its capabilities in digital banking technologies (Li et al., 2017 ). Hornuf et al. ( 2021 ) find that many banks acknowledge the technical superiority of fintech start-ups and have incorporated these firms’ products and services into their own business models.

Thakor ( 2020 ) and other survey papers review the fintech literature’s research contents of what we currently know about fintech and the research directions that have been taken. On the other hand, this paper focuses on reviewing the research methodologies. Studies which systematically review the literature, such as Farooq and Jibran ( 2018 ), have been shown to be valuable contributions to understanding the scope, measurements, impact size, and determinants of a particular area in order to synthesize with the area’s future research agenda. There has not been a comprehensive survey of the methodologies employed in fintech literature. In fact, there have been very few studies reviewing the methodologies employed in finance research in the past 15 years, with Kim and Ji ( 2015 ) and Adams et al. ( 2019 ) being the closest examples.

For the purpose of reviewing the practice of significance testing, Kim and Ji ( 2015 ) survey recently published articles in four top-ranking finance journals. They find that finance researchers almost exclusively use the conventional significance levels (1%, 5%, and 10%) while paying little attention to the sample size, power of the test, and expected losses. The authors also suggest using more often the Bayesian method or revised standards for evidence (0.1% or 0.5%). Adams et al. ( 2019 ) review the articles published in the same four top-ranking finance journals from 1988 to 2017 in order to investigate whether outliers are treated appropriately in these studies. The authors document that each year, 30–70% of these articles use OLS. To encourage finance researchers to utilize other useful econometric methods, they propose a multivariate outlier identification strategy. As the authors explain, this technique can minimize frictions which hinder the adoption of these methods. Due to their purposes of addressing very specific problems, these two articles provide method surveys that are non-comprehensive. Table 1 summarizes the differences between this paper and the other surveys of fintech methods.

Methodology

The approach to the analysis of the fintech research is to first identify trends in the Finance and Information Systems (IS) literature because fintech is the intersection between financial services and information systems. Specifically, we wished to capture the trends pertaining to (1) the number and distribution of fintech articles published in the leading journals, (2) methodologies employed in fintech research, and (3) the research topics being published in this research. During the analysis of this literature, we attempted to identify gaps and needs in the research and therefore enumerate and discuss a research agenda which allows for the progression of research (Webster & Watson, 2002 ). Systematic literature reviews are a meta-analysis technique designed to collect, organize, analyze, and categorize existing knowledge and concepts in the research literature of a given category (Briner et al., 2009 ). In short, we hope to paint a representative landscape of the current fintech literature base to influence the direction of future research efforts in this important area of study.

To examine the current state of research on fintech in the top Finance and IS journals, the authors conducted a literature review and analysis in three phases. Phase 1 accumulated a representative pool of articles. Phase 2 classified the articles by research method. Phase 3 classified the research by topic. Each of the three phases is discussed in the following paragraphs.

Phase 1: Accumulation of article pool

We used the Web of Science (WoS) citation database, Scopus citation database, and Google Scholar to search for research articles with a focus on fintech. The search parameters were constrained based on (a) a list of top ranked journals, (b) a specific time range, and (c) key search terms. Figure  1 illustrates steps in the content analysis process adapted from Neuendorf ( 2002 ) and successfully employed by several similar research studies in Internet marketing (Corley et al., 2013 ), Business Intelligence (Jourdan et al., 2008 ), and Enterprise Resource Planning systems (Cumbie et al., 2005 ).

Overview of literature analysis

First, the researchers chose to use the journals from the Australian Business Dean’s Council ABDC list (ABDC, 2019 ). Then, we filtered the ranking of journals to include only Finance (Code 1502) and collected the list of A* (see Table 2 ), A (see Table 3 ), and B (see Table 4 ) journals. Then, we filtered the ranking of journals to include only Information Systems (Code 0806) and collected the list of A* (see Table 5 ), A (see Table 6 ), and B (see Table 7 ) journals. Many of the Finance and IS journals in the sample contained no fintech articles and were deleted from the tables.

The search parameters were further constrained to a specific timeframe. As previously discussed, the term fintech was first coined by Citicorp in 1993 (Schueffel, 2016 ). The search parameters were further constrained based on the historical timeframe in which technologies capable of facilitating the Finance function were first introduced, and the years of publications for articles in our search sample were constrained to the years of 2002 through December of 2021.

The final constraint was based on the key search term “fintech.” In WoS, Scopus, and Google Scholar the search engine scanned for the term “fintech” and close variations of this term found in the title, abstract, and keywords of articles published in the top Finance journals between January of 2002 and December of 2021 when the search was executed. There was a considerable overlap in the pool of articles returned from the three search engines (WoS, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar). Of the 322 (227 Finance and 95 IS) total articles in the initial search, 83 articles (67 Finance and 16 IS) were removed because the articles’ publication year was 2022. This further shows the explosive growth of this research topic’s popularity as the search was conducted in late February of 2022. Once duplicate entries and non-research articles (book reviews, editorials, commentary, etc.) were removed, another 26 (17 Finance and 9 IS) articles were removed. As a result of this process, 216 (146 Finance and 70 IS) articles remained in the composite data pool for analysis. All 216 article files were collected in Adobe Acrobat PDF format and loaded into NVivo 11 to run a word frequency query of the content without numbers and extemporaneous words (i.e. “a,” “and,” “the,” etc.). Figure  2 shows the word cloud that resulted from this query.

Word cloud of fintech research created in NVivo

Phase 2: Classification by research strategy

Once the researchers identified the articles for the final data pool, each article was examined and categorized according to its research strategy. Due to the subjective nature of research strategy classification, content analysis methods were used for the categorization process (Neuendorf, 2017 ).

First, the research categories were adopted from Scandura and Williams ( 2000 ) (see Table 8 ), who extended the research strategies initially described by McGrath ( 1982 ). Specifically, nine categories of business research strategies were selected including: Formal theory/literature reviews, sample survey, laboratory experiment, experimental simulation, field study (primary data), field study (secondary data), field experiment, judgment task, and computer simulation.

Second, to guard against the threats to reliability (Neuendorf, 2017 ), we performed a pilot test on articles not included in the final data pool for this study. Researchers independently categorized the articles in the pilot test based on the best fit among the nine research strategies. After all articles in the pilot test were categorized, the researchers compared their analyses. In instances where the independent categorizations did not match, the researchers re-evaluated the article collaboratively by reviewing the research category definitions, discussing the disagreement thoroughly, and collaboratively assigning the article to a single category. This process allowed the researchers to develop a collaborative interpretation of the research category definitions. This pilot test served as a training session for accurately categorizing the articles for this study.

Each research strategy is defined by a specific design approach, and each is also associated with certain tradeoffs that researchers must make when designing a study. These tradeoffs are inherent flaws that limit the conclusions that can be drawn from a particular research strategy. These tradeoffs refer to three aspects of a study that can vary depending on the research strategy employed. These variable aspects include generalizability from the sample to the target population (external validity), precision in measurement and control of behavioral variables (internal and construct validity), and the issue of realism of context (Scandura & Williams, 2000 ).

Campbell and Cook ( 1976 ) stated that a study has generalizability when the study has external validity across times, settings, and individuals. Formal theory/literature reviews and sample surveys have a high degree of generalizability by establishing the relationship between two constructs and illustrating that this relationship has external validity. A research strategy that has low external validity, but high internal validity is a benefit of the laboratory experiment. In the laboratory experiment, where the degree of measurement precision is high, cause and effect relationships may be determined, but these relationships may not be generalizable for other times, settings, and populations. While the formal theory/literature reviews and sample surveys have a high degree of generalizability and the laboratory experiment has a high degree of precision of measurement, these strategies have low degree of contextual realism. The only two strategies that maximize degree of contextual realism are field studies that use either primary or secondary data because the data is collected in an organizational setting (Scandura & Williams, 2000 ). The other four strategies maximize neither generalizability, nor degree of precision in measurement, nor degree of contextual realism. This point illustrates the futility of using only one strategy when conducting fintech research. Because no single strategy can maximize all types of validity, it is best for researchers to use a variety of research strategies.

Two coders independently reviewed and classified each article according to research strategy. Only a few articles were reviewed at one sitting to minimize coder fatigue and thus protect intercoder reliability (Neuendorf, 2017 ). Upon completion of the classification process, agreements and disagreements were tabulated. The percent agreement was 87.5% ( N  = 216). Then, intercoder reliability ( κ  = 0.874) using Cohen’s Kappa (Cohen, 1960 ) and Krippendorf’s Alpha (Krippendorff, 2013 ) for each methodology ( α  = 0.859) was calculated. Neuendorf ( 2017 ) suggests that a Cohen’s kappa greater than 0.800 is considered acceptable. Krippendorff ( 2013 ) stated that researchers could use reliability scores greater than 0.800. Therefore, the calculations for intercoder reliability were well within the acceptable ranges. We calculated the reliability measures prior to discussing disagreements as mandated by Weber ( 1990 ). If the original reviewers did not agree on how a particular article was coded, a third reviewer arbitrated the discussion of how the disputed article was to be coded. This process resolved the disputes in all cases.

Phase 3: Categorization by fintech research topic

Typically, the process of categorizing research articles by a specific research topic involves an iterative cycle of brainstorming and discussion sessions among the researchers. This iterative process helps to identify common themes within the data pool of articles. Through the collaborative discussions during this process researchers can synthesize a hierarchical structure within the literature of overarching research topics and more granular level subtopics. The outcome is a better understanding of the current state of a particular stream of research. This iterative process was modified for this specific study on the topic of fintech.

This process resulted in four research topics: Enhance, Impact, Innovate, and Research. The Enhance topic was research that investigates how traditional financial products and services are implemented and improved by using fintech. Examples include using fintech to improve the traditional activities of making personal consumer loans (Di Maggio & Yao, 2021 ; Gerrans et al., 2021 ), analyzing the creditworthiness of borrowers (Jagtiani & Lemieux, 2019 ), and enhancing customer experience in traditional wealth management (Kim et al., 2020 ). The Impact topic analyses fintech’s influence on industries, governments, and economies and includes the impact of technology on banking industry misconduct (Bertsch et al., 2020 ), fragility of financial institutions that use various technologies (Fung et al., 2020 ), how various technologies are affecting the insurance industry (Stoeckli et al., 2018 ), and the new regulatory models necessary from fintech (Jiang et al., 2021 ). The Innovate topic explores financial products and services that were created by or made possible by the implementation of fintech with financial products and services such as blockchain, initial coin offerings (ICOs), and cryptocurrencies (Zhao et al., 2021 ), digital tokens (Benedetti & Nikbakht, 2021 ), peer to peer lending (Fu, Huang, & Singh, 2021), mobile payments (Du, 2018), crowdfunding (Lin & Pursiainen, 2021 ), and the analysis of the new business models created by innovations in fintech (Gomber, Kauffman, Parker, & Weber, 2018). The Research topic illustrates the importance and impact of fintech on individuals and society up to and including research on fintech itself. Research that represents this topic include financial literacy (Philippas & Avdoulas, 2020 ), financial inclusion (Hua & Huang, 2021 ; Kanga et al., 2021 ; Senyo, Osabutey, & Kan, 2021), the use of fintech as a research tool (Bradbury et al., 2019 ), and research on the concept of fintech itself (Bollaert et al., 2021 ). The authors used these four topics to successfully categorize all 216 articles in the research sample.

To guard against the threats to reliability (Neuendorf, 2017 ), we once again performed a pilot test on articles not included in the final data pool for this study. Following the adoption of the four research topics, this second pilot study was used as a training session for categorizing articles by research topic. Researchers independently categorized the articles in the pilot test based on the best fit among the four research topics. After all articles in the pilot test were categorized, the researchers compared their analyses. In instances where the independent categorizations did not match, the researchers re-evaluated the article collaboratively by reviewing the research category definitions, discussing the disagreement thoroughly, and collaboratively assigning the article to a single category. This process allowed the researchers to develop a collaborative interpretation of the research topic definitions (see Table 9 ). Once we established the topic definitions, we independently placed each article in one fintech category. As before, we categorized only a few articles at a time to minimize coder fatigue and thus protect intercoder reliability (Neuendorf, 2017 ).

Upon completion of the classification process, agreements and disagreements were tabulated. The percent agreement was 86.1% ( N  = 216). Then, intercoder reliability ( κ  = 0.860) using Cohen’s Kappa (Cohen, 1960 ) and Krippendorf’s Alpha (Krippendorff, 2013 ) for each methodology ( α  = 0.815) was calculated. Neuendorf ( 2017 ) suggests that a Cohen’s kappa greater than 0.800 is considered acceptable. Krippendorff ( 2013 ) stated that researchers could use reliability scores greater than 0.800. Therefore, the calculations for intercoder reliability were well within the acceptable ranges. We calculated the reliability measures prior to discussing disagreements as mandated by Weber ( 1990 ). If the original reviewers did not agree on how a particular article was coded, a third reviewer arbitrated the discussion of how the disputed article was to be coded. This process resolved the disputes in all cases.

To identify gaps and needs in the research (Webster & Watson, 2002 ), we hope to paint a representative landscape of the current fintech literature base. To examine the current state of this research, the authors conducted a literature review and analysis in three phases. Phase 1 accumulated a representative pool of fintech articles, and the articles were then analyzed with respect to year of publication, journal, and author. Phase 2 briefly discussed the research strategies set forth by Scandura and Williams ( 2000 ) and the results of the classification of the articles by those research strategies. Phase 3 involved the creation and use of four fintech topics, a short discussion of each topic, and the results of the classification of each article within the research topics. These results are discussed in the following paragraphs.

Results of Phase 1

Using the described search criteria within the selected journals, we collected a total of 216 articles. For the complete list of Finance articles in our sample ( N  = 146), see Appendix 1 . For the complete list of Information Systems articles in our sample ( N  = 70), see Appendix 2 . In phase 1, we further analyzed the articles’ year of publication, journal, and author. Figure  3 shows the number of articles per year in our sample. Although no articles were collected prior to 2016, there is a dramatically increasing trend over the 6-year period of 2016 through 2021. From 2020 to 2021, the number of articles more than doubled, with N  = 52 in 2020 and N  = 105 in 2021. With fintech issues becoming ever more important to researchers and practitioners, this drastic increase comes as no surprise.

Number of fintech articles published per year

We analyzed the productivity of authors who published in this line of research by assigning scores based on each author’s share of each article. For projects with multiple authors, each co-author was given an equal share of the credit. An author who published an article alone was assigned a score of 1.0. For a two-author article, each author earned a score of 0.500, three authors shared 0.333, and so on. Authorship order was not calculated into this formula. We totaled the scores for each Finance author, then ranked the authors according to their totaled scores in descending order. The results of the top 43 fintech authors in Finance are displayed in Table 10 . This system rewards both quantity of research and ownership of research. The top ranked Finance researcher (Schwienbacher, A.) and the second ranked research (Selim, M.) both had a sole-author paper and co-authorship on another article in the Finance sample. All others who wrote a sole-author research article tied for third place. All of the remaining authors in this list co-authored more than one fintech research article published in Finance, so their scores are above 0.500.

Similarly, the scores for each Information Systems author were totaled, and the authors were sorted from highest to lowest scores. The results of the top 13 fintech authors in the Information Systems sample are displayed in Table 11 . This system rewards both quantity of research and ownership of research. The top ranked researcher (Gozman, D.) had co-authorship on many articles in the Information Systems sample. All the second-ranked authors had a sole author paper (score = 1.0). The remaining authors who had a score greater than 0.500 were also ranked in the sample. A score greater than 0.500 indicates having more than one co-authorship in the sample.

Results of Phase 2

The results of the categorization of the 216 articles according to the nine research strategies described by Scandura and Williams ( 2000 ) are summarized in Table 12 . Of the 216 articles, 104 articles (48.15%) were classified as Field Study—Secondary Data making this category the most used research strategy. With 62 articles (28.70%), Formal Theory/Literature Review was the second most prevalent research strategy. Following were Sample Survey with 23 articles (10.65%) and Field Study—Primary Data with 20 articles (9.26%). The remaining categories had three or fewer articles. These top four research strategies composed of 96.76% of the articles in the sample. No articles were classified as a Judgment Task nor a Field Experiment. These four strategies are exploratory in nature and indicate the beginnings of a body of research (Scandura & Williams, 2000 ). Further categorization and analysis of the articles with respect to fintech topic categories were conducted in the third phase of this research project.

Results of Phase 3

Table 13 shows the number of articles per fintech research topic category. These four categories provided a topic area classification for all the 216 articles in our research sample. Of the 216 articles, 38.43% were classified as “Research,” making it the most prevalent fintech topic category. This result is not surprising because the content analyzed was collected from research publishing outlets. Closely following were “Impact” and “Innovate” (21.76%) tying for second place. “Enhance” was the least popular with 18.06% of the articles. These four research strategies accounted for 100% of the articles in the sample. This illustration of the share of fintech research that is represented by each topic reveals the amount of attention fintech is receiving in Finance journals across a new, yet diverse, research stream.

Fintech research strategies versus topics

By plotting fintech research topics against research strategies (Table 14 ), many of the gaps in fintech research are exposed. In our minds, these gaps exist for two reasons. First, some of these research strategies are not prevalent in Finance and IS research. Because some top research journals do not accept papers that use non-traditional or qualitative research strategies, researchers tend to avoid unorthodox strategies. Second, some of these categories have not been studied because they represent a relatively new phenomenon, of which the research has not caught up with the business reality. The great news for researchers interested in fintech is that this domain should provide research opportunities for years to come.

Almost half (48.15%) of the journal articles in this study use the Field Study—Secondary Data research strategy across all research topics. Therefore, classifying the sources of the secondary data used in this research may be valuable for new researchers by providing them insights and sources for future research. The use of Formal Theory/Literature Review (28.7%) and Sample Survey (10.65%) research strategies indicates the exploratory nature of the current state of fintech research. We speculate four reasons for the top three strategies used to study fintech to be prevalent and appropriate for the early stages of research. First, secondary data is common in Finance research with the common practice of using freely available data from financial markets. This abundance of financial data is augmented by the availability of premium financial information services as a source of data for research projects. Second, in these exploratory years of fintech research, formal theory/literature reviews are appropriate to determine what other strategies are being used in the research and to find reference disciplines that are conducting related research. Third, researchers in business schools tend to be more skilled in administering literature reviews, field studies (with primary and secondary data), and sample surveys than in the strategies of laboratory experiment, field experiments, experimental simulation, judgment task, and computer simulation. Finally, organizations are less likely to commit to certain strategies (e.g., primary field studies and field experiments) because these strategies are more expensive for the organizations. These types of research strategies are very labor intensive to the organization being studied because they require records to be examined, personnel to be interviewed, and senior managers to devote large amounts of their expensive time to help facilitate the research project.

Contributions

To date, no study has examined fintech research topics in words, content, or methodologies. The purpose of this study is to synthesize the methodologies and content of all fintech article from the past 20 year encompassing all journals on the Australian Business Deans list that have a rating of A*, A, and B. This study finds that the majority of fintech research has been conducted over the past 4 years, with the number of articles significantly increasing during that period. The majority of this research is focused on banking, credit, lending, and intermediaries. However, many other subjects are yet to be covered in a robust manner. Despite the proliferation of fintech research, there unfortunately is no standard set of best practices or methodological norms that researchers can use as of yet. Our findings show that fintech research is in its infancy.

Limitations

The current analysis of the fintech literature in this study has limitations and should be enhanced with future research efforts. Future literature reviews could expand article searches to full article text searches, search a broader domain of research outlets (such as adding the C journals in the ABDC journal list), and include other fintech related search terms. Our literature analysis is meant to serve as a representative sample of articles and not a comprehensive and exhaustive analysis of the entire population of articles published on the topic of fintech.

This study provided a content analysis of the current state of the research with respect to research strategy and topic at the journals on the ABDC list. Other publication outlets may be publishing greater quantities of fintech research with similar quality as the journals in our sample.

Directions for future research

For researchers to continue to attempt to answer the important questions in fintech, future studies need to employ a wider variety of research strategies to investigate these important issues. Scandura and Williams ( 2000 ) stated that looking at research strategies employed over time by triangulation in each subject area can provide useful insights into how theories are developing. In addition to the lack of variety in research strategy, very little triangulation has occurred during the timeframe used to conduct this literature review. This absence of coordinated theory development causes the research in fintech to appear haphazard and unfocused. Clearly, future studies should consider the identified gaps and consider the future research role relative to generalizability, precision of measure, and realism of context.

Future efforts should also consider the four research topics with respect to the research strategies. To further investigate this body of research, future studies could explore the fintech topics in depth by creating subtopics within the four topics in the study. For example, fintech will be deployed by organizations to improve their current business processes for future study under the Enhance topic. For the Impact, many of these fintech modalities have not been in place long enough for researchers, practitioners, governments, and other stakeholders to collect analyze data on how industries, governments, and economies are affected on a short or long-time horizon. As previously unknown business models and technologies combine fintech and artificial intelligence, new opportunities for research will be presented for researchers and practitioners alike to explore Innovate topic. As the number and quality of research grows in Enhance, Impact, and Innovate grows, this will give researchers in disciplines as varied as Economics, Engineering, Psychology, Sociology, and others to contribute to the research body of fintech and how this concept is progressing across time and a variety of research streams.

Future studies could take a more in-depth look at the various business models or fintech strategies associated with this research stream. Moreover, much of the research in our sample reports the new technologies and issues in fintech without attempting to explain the fundamental issues of the technology implemented or the effects of these technologies on individuals, organizations, and society. This is to be expected in the exploratory stages of research in a subject area.

This study used the content analysis methodology to create a current, cross-disciplinary image of the current state of fintech research in the top Finance and Information Systems journals across time, research strategy, and topic to classify this concept of financial technologies. Further, this study illustrates the future potential of fintech domain across both research strategy and topic. Despite the efforts of the researchers in the article sample, fintech is in the beginning stages of the research stream. The bad news is that much research needs to take place in this domain using a variety of research strategies over time to develop best practices for practitioners and theory for the research domain. In this sample, most of the research had been published in the previous four years, and the good news for researchers and practitioners alike is that many of the topics and research strategies in this research are open for future research efforts including some research strategy and topic areas that are completely unresearched (Table 14 ). As more practitioners deploy more fintech modalities, researchers will have the opportunity to create even more novel and rigorous research studies. We hope that this content analysis has laid the foundation for such efforts that will enhance the body of knowledge and theoretical progression relative to fintech.

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Appendix 1 Sample of 146 fintech finance articles

Agarwal, S., & Zhang, J. (2020). Fintech, lending and payment innovation: A review. Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies, 49 (3), 353-367. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajfs.12294

Ahmed, S., Grobys, K., & Sapkota, N. (2020). Profitability of technical trading rules among cryptocurrencies with privacy function. Finance Research Letters, 35 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101495

Akyildirim, E., Corbet, S., Sensoy, A., & Yarovaya, L. (2020). The impact of blockchain related name changes on corporate performance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 65 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2020.101759

Akyildirim, E., Sensoy, A., Gulay, G., Corbet, S., & Salari, H. N. (2021). Big data analytics, order imbalance and the predictability of stock returns. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 62 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mulfin.2021.100717

Albarrak, M. S., & Alokley, S. A. (2021). Fintech: Ecosystem, opportunities and challenges in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14 (10). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14100460

Altamura, C. E., & Daunton, M. (2020). Finance, financiers and financial centres: a special issue in honour of Youssef Cassis Introduction. Financial History Review, 27 (3), 283-302. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0968565020000153

Altwijry, O. I., Mohammed, M. O., Hassan, M. K., & Selim, M. Developing a Shari'ah based fintech money creation free SFMCF model for Islamic banking. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management . https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-05-2021-0189

Arner, D. W., Barberis, J., & Buckley, R. P. (2016). 150 YEARS OF FINTECH: An evolutionary analysis. Jassa-the Finsia Journal of Applied Finance (3), 22-29. Retrieved from https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/ielapa.419780653701585

Ascarya, A. (2021). The role of Islamic social finance during Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia's economic recovery. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management . https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-07-2020-0351

Azarenkova, G., Shkodina, I., Samorodov, B., Babenko, M., & Onishchenko, I. (2018). The influence of financial technologies on the global financial system stability. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 15 (4), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(4).2018.19

Ba, S. S., Wei, W., & Yuan, H. M. (2021). How does active change affect investment efficiency? Evidence from monthly account-level data on Chinese online platform. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade . https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496x.2021.1965984

Baber, H. (2020). Financial inclusion and fintech: A comparative study of countries following Islamic finance and conventional finance. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 12 (1), 24-42. https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-12-2018-0131

Baek, H. Y., Cho, D. D., Jordan, R. A., & Kuvvet, E. (2021). The differential effect of social disclosure on loan funding and loan repayment: evidence from fixed-rate peer-to-peer lending. Managerial Finance, 47 (3), 394-412. https://doi.org/10.1108/mf-02-2020-0079

Banna, H., Hassan, M. K., Ahmad, R., & Alam, M. R. (2021). Islamic banking stability amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of digital financial inclusion. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management . https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-08-2020-0389

Banna, H., Hassan, M. K., & Rashid, M. (2021). Fintech-based financial inclusion and bank risk-taking: Evidence from OIC countries. Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions & Money, 75 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2021.101447

Bao, Z. Y., & Huang, D. F. (2021). Shadow banking in a crisis: Evidence from fintech during COVID-19. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 56 (7), 2320-2355. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022109021000430

Bertsch, C., Hull, I., Qi, Y. J., & Zhang, X. (2020). Bank misconduct and online lending. Journal of Banking & Finance, 116 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2020.105822

Bhatia, A., Chandani, A., Atiq, R., Mehta, M., & Divekar, R. (2021). Artificial intelligence in financial services: A qualitative research to discover robo-advisory services. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 13 (5), 632-654. https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-10-2020-0199

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Blach, J., & Klimontowicz, M. (2021). The Determinants of PayTech's success in the mobile payment market-The case of BLIK. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14 (9). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14090422

Bollaert, H., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Schwienbacher, A. (2021). Fintech and access to finance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 68 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.101941

Bradbury, M. A. S., Hens, T., & Zeisberger, S. (2019). How persistent are the effects of experience sampling on investor behavior? Journal of Banking & Finance, 98 , 61-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2018.10.014

Brammertz, W., & Mendelowitz, A. I. (2018). From digital currencies to digital finance: The case for a smart financial contract standard. Journal of Risk Finance, 19 (1), 76-92. https://doi.org/10.1108/jrf-02-2017-0025

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Caglayan, M., Talavera, O., Xiong, L., & Zhang, J. (2020). What does not kill us makes us stronger: The story of repetitive consumer loan applications. European Journal of Finance . https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2020.1793792

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Chava, S., Ganduri, R., Paradkar, N., & Zhang, Y. F. (2021). Impact of marketplace lending on consumers' future borrowing capacities and borrowing outcomes. Journal of Financial Economics, 142 (3), 1186-1208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.06.005

Chen, M. A., Wu, Q. X., & Yang, B. Z. (2019). How valuable is fintech innovation? Review of Financial Studies, 32 (5), 2062-2106. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhy130

Chen, X. E., & Wang, C. (2021). Information disclosure in China's rising securitization market. International Journal of Financial Studies, 9 (4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs9040066

Cheng, M. Y., & Qu, Y. (2020). Does bank fintech reduce credit risk? Evidence from China. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 63 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101398

Chong, F. H. L. (2021). Enhancing trust through digital Islamic finance and blockchain technology. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 13 (3), 328-341. https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-05-2020-0076

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Cumming, D. J., Johan, S., & Pant, A. (2019). Regulation of the crypto-economy: Managing risks, challenges, and regulatory uncertainty. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 12 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm12030126

Daluwathumullagamage, D. J., & Sims, A. (2021). Fantastic Beasts: Blockchain based banking. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14 (4). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14040170

Danbolt, J., Eshraghi, A., & Lukas, M. (2021). Investment transparency and the disposition effect. European Financial Management . https://doi.org/10.1111/eufm.12329

Daragmeh, A., Lentner, C., & Sagi, J. (2021). Fintech payments in the era of COVID-19: Factors influencing behavioral intentions of "Generation X"in Hungary to use mobile payment. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 32 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2021.100574

Das, S. R. (2019). The future of fintech. Financial Management, 48 (4), 981-1007. https://doi.org/10.1111/fima.12297

Demir, A., Pesque-Cela, V., Altunbas, Y., & Murinde, V. (2020). Fintech, financial inclusion and income inequality: a quantile regression approach. European Journal of Finance . https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2020.1772335

Deng, L. R., Lv, Y. B., Liu, Y., & Zhao, Y. W. (2021). Impact of fintech on bank risk-taking: Evidence from China. Risks, 9 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks9050099

Di Maggio, M., & Yao, V. (2021). Fintech borrowers: Lax screening or cream-skimming? Review of Financial Studies, 34 (10), 4565-4618. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhaa142

Dranev, Y., Frolova, K., & Ochirova, E. (2019). The impact of fintech M&A on stock returns. Research in International Business and Finance, 48 , 353-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2019.01.012

Dugast, J., & Foucault, T. (2018). Data abundance and asset price informativeness. Journal of Financial Economics, 130 (2), 367-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2018.07.004

Elsaid, H. M. A review of literature directions regarding the impact of fintech firms on the banking industry. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets . https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-10-2020-0197

Fahlenbrach, R., & Frattaroli, M. (2021). ICO investors. Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, 35 (1), 1-59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11408-020-00366-0

Faloon, M., & Scherer, B. (2017). Individualization of robo-advice. Journal of Wealth Management, 20 (1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.3905/jwm.2017.20.1.030

Fang, H., Chung, C. P., Lu, Y. C., Lee, Y. H., & Wang, W. H. (2021). The impacts of investors' sentiments on stock returns using fintech approaches. International Review of Financial Analysis, 77 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2021.101858

Farag, H., & Johan, S. (2021). How alternative finance informs central themes in corporate finance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 67 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2020.101879

Foglia, M., Recchioni, M. C., & Polinesi, G. (2021). Smart beta allocation and macroeconomic variables: The impact of COVID-19. Risks, 9 (2). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks9020034

Fung, D. W. H., Lee, W. Y., Yeh, J. J. H., & Yuen, F. L. (2020). Friend or foe: The divergent effects of fintech on financial stability. Emerging Markets Review, 45 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2020.100727

Fuster, A., Plosser, M., Schnabl, P., & Vickery, J. (2019). The role of technology in mortgage lending. Review of Financial Studies, 32 (5), 1854-1899. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhz018

Gachter, I., & Gachter, M. (2021). Success factors in ICOs: Individual firm characteristics or lucky timing? Finance Research Letters, 40 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101715

Glavina, S., Aidrus, I., & Trusova, A. (2021). Assessment of the competitiveness of Islamic fintech implementation: A composite indicator for cross-country analysis. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14 (12). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14120602

Goldstein, I., Jiang, W., & Karolyi, G. A. (2019). To fintech and beyond. Review of Financial Studies, 32 (5), 1647-1661. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhz025

Golub, A., Grossmass, L., & Poon, S. H. (2021). Ultra-short tenor yield curve for intraday trading and settlement. European Journal of Finance, 27 (4-5), 441-459. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2019.1662821

Gong, Q., Liu, C., Peng, Q. N., & Wang, L. Y. (2020). Will CEOs with banking experience lower default risks? Evidence from P2P lending platforms in China. Finance Research Letters, 36 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101461

Gonzalez, L. (2020). Blockchain, herding and trust in peer-to-peer lending. Managerial Finance, 46 (6), 815-831. https://doi.org/10.1108/mf-09-2018-0423

Grabowski, M. (2021). Legal aspects of "White-Label" banking in the European, Polish and German law. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14060280

Grobys, K., Ahmed, S., & Sapkota, N. (2020). Technical trading rules in the cryptocurrency market. Finance Research Letters, 32 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2019.101396

Gupta, M., Verma, S., & Pachare, S. (2021). An analysis of conventional and alternative financing-customers' perspective. International Journal of Finance & Economics . https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2541

Han, J. J., & Kim, H. J. (2021). Stock price prediction using multiple valuation methods based on artificial neural networks for KOSDAQ IPO companies. Investment Analysts Journal, 50 (1), 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/10293523.2020.1870860

Harasim, J. (2021). Fintechs, Bigtechs and banks-When cooperation and when competition? Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14 (12). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14120614

Ho, M.-T., Le, N.-T. B., Tran, H.-L. D., Nguyen, Q.-H., Pham, M.-H., Ly, M. H., Ho, M.-T., Nguyen, M.-H. & Vuong, Q.-H. (2021). A systematic and critical review on the research landscape of finance in Vietnam from 2008 to 2020. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14 (5). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14050219

Hua, X. P., & Huang, Y. P. (2021). Understanding China's fintech sector: development, impacts and risks. European Journal of Finance, 27 (4-5), 321-333. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2020.1811131

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Jiang, J. L., Liao, L., Lu, X., Wang, Z. W., & Xiang, H. Y. (2021). Deciphering big data in consumer credit evaluation. Journal of Empirical Finance, 62 , 28-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2021.01.009

Jiang, J. L., Liao, L., Wang, Z. W., & Zhang, X. Y. (2021). Government affiliation and peer-to-peer lending platforms in China. Journal of Empirical Finance, 62 , 87-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2021.02.004

Jun, J., & Yeo, E. (2016). Entry of fintech firms and competition in the retail payments market. Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies, 45 (2), 159-184. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajfs.12126

Junger, M., & Mietzner, M. (2020). Banking goes digital: The adoption of fintech services by German households. Finance Research Letters, 34 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2019.08.008

Kavassalis, P., Stieber, H., Breymann, W., Saxton, K., & Gross, F. J. (2018). An innovative RegTech approach to financial risk monitoring and supervisory reporting. Journal of Risk Finance, 19 (1), 39-55. https://doi.org/10.1108/jrf-07-2017-0111

Kim, W. C., Kwon, D. G., Lee, Y., Kim, J. H., & Lin, C. (2020). Personalized goal-based investing via multi-stage stochastic goal programming. Quantitative Finance, 20 (3), 515-526. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697688.2019.1662079

Kliber, A., Bedowska-Sojka, B., Rutkowska, A., & Swierczynska, K. (2021). Triggers and obstacles to the development of the fintech sector in Poland. Risks, 9 (2). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks9020030

Knewtson, H. S., & Rosenbaum, Z. A. (2020). Toward understanding fintech and its industry. Managerial Finance, 46 (8), 1043-1060. https://doi.org/10.1108/mf-01-2020-0024

Koziuk, V. (2021). Confidence in digital money: Are central banks more trusted than age is matter? Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 18 (1), 12-32. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.18(1).2021.02

Lanfranchi, D., & Grassi, L. (2022). Examining insurance companies' use of technology for innovation. Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance-Issues and Practice . https://doi.org/10.1057/s41288-021-00258-y

Le, L. T., Yarovaya, L., & Nasir, M. A. (2021). Did COVID-19 change spillover patterns between fintech and other asset classes? Research in International Business and Finance, 58 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101441

Le, T. D. Q., Ho, T. H., Nguyen, D. T., & Ngo, T. (2021). Fintech credit and bank efficiency: International evidence. International Journal of Financial Studies, 9 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs9030044

Lee, A. D., Li, M. L., & Zheng, H. H. (2020). Bitcoin: Speculative asset or innovative technology? Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions & Money, 67 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2020.101209

Lee, C. C. A., Li, X. R., Yu, C. H., & Zhao, J. S. (2021). Does fintech innovation improve bank efficiency? Evidence from China's banking industry. International Review of Economics & Finance, 74 , 468-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2021.03.009

Leinweber, D. (2017). Fintech codgers look back 25 years. Journal of Investing, 26 (1), 33-45. https://doi.org/10.3905/joi.2017.26.1.033

Li, J. P., Li, J. Y., Zhu, X. Q., Yao, Y. H., & Casu, B. (2020). Risk spillovers between fintech and traditional financial institutions: Evidence from the U.S. International Review of Financial Analysis, 71 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101544

Li, W. P., & Mei, F. (2020). Asset returns in deep learning methods: An empirical analysis on SSE 50 and CSI 300. Research in International Business and Finance, 54 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2020.101291

Lin, T. C., & Pursiainen, V. (2021). The round number heuristic and entrepreneur crowdfunding performance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 68 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.101894

Ling, S. X., Pei, T. Y., Li, Z. H., & Zhang, Z. P. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on financial constraints and the moderating effect of financial technology. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 57 (6), 1675-1688. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496x.2021.1904883

Liu, M., Wu, W. F., & Yu, T. (2019). Information, incentives, and effects of risk-sharing on the real economy. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 57 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2018.12.004

Loo, M. K. L. (2019). Enhancing financial inclusion in ASEAN: Identifying the best growth markets for fintech. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 12 (4). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm12040181

Luo, D., Mishra, T., Yarovaya, L., & Zhang, Z. (2021). Investing during a fintech revolution: Ambiguity and return risk in cryptocurrencies. Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions & Money, 73 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2021.101362

Maskara, P. K., Kuvvet, E., & Chen, G. X. (2021). The role of P2P platforms in enhancing financial inclusion in the United States: An analysis of peer-to-peer lending across the rural-urban divide. Financial Management, 50 (3), 747-774. https://doi.org/10.1111/fima.12341

McKillop, D., French, D., Quinn, B., Sobiech, A. L., & Wilson, J. O. S. (2020). Cooperative financial institutions: A review of the literature. International Review of Financial Analysis, 71 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101520

Mhlanga, D. (2020). Industry 4.0 in Finance: The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on digital financial inclusion. International Journal of Financial Studies, 8 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs8030045

Miglo, A. (2021). STO vs. ICO: A theory of token issues under moral hazard and demand uncertainty. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14060232

Mishchenko, S., Naumenkova, S., Mishchenko, V., & Dorofeiev, D. (2021). Innovation risk management in financial institutions. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 18 (1), 191-203. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.18(1).2021.16

Najaf, K., Schinckus, C., & Yoong, L. C. (2021). VaR and market value of fintech companies: an analysis and evidence from global data. Managerial Finance, 47 (7), 915-936. https://doi.org/10.1108/mf-04-2020-0169

Nastiti, N. D., & Kasri, R. A. (2019). The role of banking regulation in the development of Islamic banking financing in Indonesia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 12 (5), 643-662. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-10-2018-0365

Neale, F. R., Drake, P. P., & Konstantopoulos, T. (2020). InsurTech and the disruption of the insurance industry. Journal of Insurance Issues, 43 (2), 64-96. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/26931211

Olsen, R., Battiston, S., Caldarelli, G., Golub, A., Nikulin, M., & Ivliev, S. (2018). Case study of Lykke exchange: Architecture and outlook. Journal of Risk Finance, 19 (1), 26-38. https://doi.org/10.1108/jrf-12-2016-0168

Ozik, G., Sadka, R., & Shen, S. Y. (2021). Flattening the illiquidity curve: Retail trading during the COVID-19 lockdown. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 56 (7), 2356-2388. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022109021000387

Ozili, P. K. (2022). Banking sector earnings management using loan loss provisions in the fintech era. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 18 (1), 75-93. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-07-2020-0369

Petrushenko, Y., Kozarezenko, L., Glinska-Newes, A., Tokarenko, M., & But, M. (2018). The opportunities of engaging fintech companies into the system of crossborder money transfers in Ukraine. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 15 (4), 332-344. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(4).2018.27

Petukhina, A. A., Reule, R. C. G., & Hardle, W. K. (2021). Rise of the machines? Intraday high-frequency trading patterns of cryptocurrencies. European Journal of Finance, 27 (1-2), 8-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2020.1789684

Phan, D. H. B., Narayan, P. K., Rahman, R. E., & Hutabarat, A. R. (2020). Do financial technology firms influence bank performance? Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 62 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2019.101210

Philippas, N. D., & Avdoulas, C. (2020). Financial literacy and financial well-being among generation-Z university students: Evidence from Greece. European Journal of Finance, 26 (4-5), 360-381. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2019.1701512

Pu, R. H., Teresiene, D., Pieczulis, I., Kong, J., & Yue, X. G. (2021). The interaction between banking sector and financial technology companies: Qualitative assessment-A case of Lithuania. Risks, 9 (1). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks9010021

Putri, W. H., Nurwiyanta, N., Sungkono, S., & Wahyuningsih, T. (2019). The emerging fintech and financial slack on corporate financial performance. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 16 (2), 348-354. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(2).2019.29

Rosavina, M., Rahadi, R. A., Kitri, M. L., Nuraeni, S., & Mayangsari, L. (2019). P2P lending adoption by SMEs in Indonesia. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 11 (2), 260-279. https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-09-2018-0103

Rupeika-Apoga, R., & Wendt, S. (2021). Fintech in Latvia: Status quo, current developments, and challenges ahead. Risks, 9 (10). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks9100181

Santosa, P. W. (2020). Determinants of price reversal in high-frequency trading: Empirical evidence from Indonesia. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 17 (1), 175-187. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(1).2020.16

Savchuk, N., Bludova, T., Leonov, D., Murashko, O., & Shelud'Ko, N. (2021). Innovation imperatives of global financial innovation and development of their matrix models. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 18 (3), 312-326. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.18(3).2021.26

Schulte, P., & Liu, G. (2018). Fintech is merging with IoT and AI to challenge banks: How entrenched interests can prepare. Journal of Alternative Investments, 20 (3), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.3905/jai.2018.20.3.041

Schwienbacher, A. (2019). Equity crowdfunding: Anything to celebrate? Venture Capital, 21 (1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2018.1559010

Seiler, V., & Fanenbruck, K. M. (2021). Acceptance of digital investment solutions: The case of robo advisory in Germany. Research in International Business and Finance, 58 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101490

Selim, M. (2021). The effects of eliminating Riba in foreign currency transactions by introducing global Fintech network. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 14 (3), 506-523. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-01-2020-0035

Semko, R. (2019). Machine learning for robo-advisors: Testing for neurons specialization. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 16 (4), 205-214. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.16(4).2019.18

Sharma, Z., & Zhu, Y. (2020). Platform building in initial coin offering market: Empirical evidence. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 61 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101318

Sheng, T. X. (2021). The effect of fintech on banks' credit provision to SMEs: Evidence from China. Finance Research Letters, 39 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101558

Shrestha, K. (2021). Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis of return on bitcoin. International Review of Finance, 21 (1), 312-323. https://doi.org/10.1111/irfi.12256

Stulz, R. M. (2019). Fintech, Bigtech, and the future of banks. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 31 (4), 86-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/jacf.12378

Sybirianska, Y., Dyba, M., Britchenko, I., Ivashchenko, A., Vasylyshen, Y., & Polishchuk, Y. (2018). Fintech platforms in sme’s financing: eu experience and ways of their application in Ukraine. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 15 (3), 83-96. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(3).2018.07

Takeda, F., Takeda, K., Takemura, T., & Ueda, R. (2021). The impact of information technology investment announcements on the market value of the Japanese regional banks. Finance Research Letters, 41 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101811

Tantri, P. (2021). Fintech for the poor: Financial intermediation without discrimination. Review of Finance, 25 (2), 561-593. https://doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfaa039

Tseng, P. L., & Guo, W. C. (2021). Fintech, credit market competition, and bank asset quality. Journal of Financial Services Research . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10693-021-00363-y

Uddin, A., & Yu, D. T. (2020). Latent factor model for asset pricing. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 27 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2020.100353

Uddin, M. H., Mollah, S., & Ali, M. H. (2020). Does cyber tech spending matter for bank stability? International Review of Financial Analysis, 72 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101587

Ullah, A., Pinglu, C., Ullah, S., Qian, N. Y., & Zaman, M. (2021). Impact of intellectual capital efficiency on financial stability in banks: Insights from an emerging economy abstract. International Journal of Finance & Economics . https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2512

Vasenska, I., Dimitrov, P., Koyundzhiyska-Davidkova, B., Krastev, V., Durana, P., & Poulaki, I. (2021). Financial transactions using Fintech during the Covid-19 crisis in Bulgaria. Risks, 9 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/risks9030048

Wang, R., Liu, J. T., & Luo, H. (2021). Fintech development and bank risk taking in China. European Journal of Finance, 27 (4-5), 397-418. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2020.1805782

Wang, Y., & Drabek, Z. (2021). Adverse selection in P2P lending: Does peer screening work efficiently?-Empirical evidence from a P2P platform. International Journal of Financial Studies, 9 (4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs9040073

Yang, D., & Li, M. (2018). Evolutionary approaches and the construction of technology-driven regulations. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54 (14), 3256-3271. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496x.2018.1496422

Yang, W., Sui, X. P., & Qi, Z. (2021). Can fintech improve the efficiency of commercial banks?-An analysis based on big data. Research in International Business and Finance, 55 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2020.101338

Yao, T., & Song, L. R. (2021). Fintech and the economic capital of Chinese commercial bank's risk: Based on theory and evidence. International Journal of Finance & Economics . https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2528

Yao, Y. H., Li, J. P., & Sun, X. L. (2021). Measuring the risk of Chinese Fintech industry: Evidence from the stock index. Finance Research Letters, 39 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101564

Yehorycheva, S., Fysun, I., Hudz, T., Palchuk, O., & Boiko, N. (2020). Innovations in the insurance market of a developing country: Case of Ukraine. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 17 (4), 175-188. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(4).2020.17

Zhang, A. L., Wang, S. Y., Liu, B., & Liu, P. (2020). How fintech impacts pre- and post-loan risk in Chinese commercial banks. International Journal of Finance & Economics . https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2284

Zhang, X., & Wu, C. (2018). Continuous cash flow payment: Theories and practice framework. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54 (4), 774-782. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496x.2016.1241706

Zhao, X. J., Hou, W. X., An, J. F., Liu, X. D., & Zhang, Y. (2021). Initial coin offerings: What rights do investors have? European Journal of Finance, 27 (4-5), 305-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/1351847x.2020.1858130

Zhong, W. Q., & Jiang, T. F. (2021). Can internet finance alleviate the exclusiveness of traditional finance? Evidence from Chinese P2P lending markets. Finance Research Letters, 40 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101731

Zhou, X., & Chen, S. (2021). Fintech innovation regulation based on reputation theory with the participation of new media. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 67 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2021.101565

Appendix 2 Sample of 70 Fintech IS articles

Alam, M. M., Awawdeh, A. E., & Bin Muhamad, A. I. (2021). Using e-wallet for business process development: Challenges and prospects in Malaysia. Business Process Management Journal, 27 (4), 1142-1162. https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-11-2020-0528

Alhassan, M. D., Kolog, E. A., & Boateng, R. (2020). Effect of gratification on user attitude and continuance use of mobile payment services: A developing country context. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 22 (4), 353-380. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSIT-01-2020-0010

Alt, R., Beck, R., & Smits, M. T. (2018). Fintech and the transformation of the financial industry. Electronic Markets, 28 (3), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-018-0310-9

Alyakoob, M., Rahman, M. S., & Wei, Z. Y. (2021). Where you live matters: local bank competition, online marketplace lending, and disparity in borrower benefits. Information Systems Research, 32 (4), 1390-1411. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2021.1043

Au, C. H., Tan, B. N., & Sun, Y. (2020). Developing a P2P lending platform: Stages, strategies and platform configurations. Internet Research, 30 (4), 1229-1249. https://doi.org/10.1108/intr-03-2019-0099

Barbu, C. M., Florea, D. L., Dabija, D. C., & Barbu, M. C. R. (2021). Customer experience in fintech. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16 (5), 1415-1433. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer16050080

Belanche, D., Casalo, L. V., & Flavian, C. (2019). Artificial intelligence in fintech: Understanding robo-advisors adoption among customers. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 119 (7), 1411-1430. https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2018-0368

Bongomin, G. O. C., & Ntayi, J. M. (2020). Mobile money adoption and usage and financial inclusion: Mediating effect of digital consumer protection. Digital Policy Regulation and Governance, 22 (3), 157-176. https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-01-2019-0005

Bunnell, L., Osei-Bryson, K. M., & Yoon, V. Y. (2020). FinPathlight: Framework for an multiagent recommender system designed to increase consumer financial capability. Decision Support Systems, 134 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2020.113306

Burtch, G., Hong, Y. L., & Liu, D. (2018). The Role of provision points in online crowdfunding. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35 (1), 117-144. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2018.1440764

Chatterjee, S., Sarker, S., Lee, M. J., Xiao, X., & Elbanna, A. (2021). A possible conceptualization of the information systems (IS) artifact: A general systems theory perspective(1). Information Systems Journal, 31 (4), 550-578. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12320

Chen, X. R., Hu, X. J., & Ben, S. L. (2021). How individual investors react to negative events in the fintech era? Evidence from China's peer-to-peer lending market. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16 (1), 52-70. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-18762021000100105

Coffie, C. P. K., Hongjiang, Z., Mensah, I. A., Kiconco, R., & Simon, A. E. O. (2021). Determinants of fintech payment services diffusion by SMEs in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from Ghana. Information Technology for Development, 27 (3), 539-560. https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2020.1840324

Cui, X., Liu, W., & He, Z. (2021). Attribute reduction algorithm of enterprise credit evaluation and its applications for web-based communities. International Journal of Web Based Communities, 17 (4), 293-304. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJWBC.2021.119473

Currie, W. L., Gozman, D. P., & Seddon, J. J. M. (2018). Dialectic tensions in the financial markets: A longitudinal study of pre- and post-crisis regulatory technology. Journal of Information Technology, 33 (4), 304-325. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41265-017-0047-5

Dehnert, M., & Schumann, J. (2022). Uncovering the digitalization impact on consumer decision-making for checking accounts in banking. Electronic Markets, 32 (3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-022-00524-4

Dhar, V., & Stein, R. M. (2017). Economic and business dimensions fintech platforms and strategy. Communications of the Acm, 60 (10), 32-35. https://doi.org/10.1145/3132726

Du, K. (2018). Complacency, capabilities, and institutional pressure: Understanding financial institutions' participation in the nascent mobile payments ecosystem. Electronic Markets, 28 (3), 307-319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-017-0267-0

Du, W. Y., Pan, S. L., Leidner, D. E., & Ying, W. C. (2019). Affordances, experimentation and actualization of fintech: A blockchain implementation study. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28 (1), 50-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2018.10.002

Fu, R. S., Huang, Y., & Singh, P. V. (2021). Crowds, lending, machine, and bias. Information Systems Research, 32 (1), 72-92. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2020.0990

Gao, Z., Guo, Z., & Tang, Q. (2021). How do monetary incentives influence giving? An empirical investigation of matching subsidies on kiva. Information Systems and e-Business Management . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-021-00515-6

Ge, R. Y., Feng, J., Gu, B., & Zhang, P. Z. (2017). Predicting and deterring default with social media information in peer-to-peer lending. Journal of Management Information Systems, 34 (2), 401-424. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2017.1334472

Gimpel, H., Rau, D., & Roglinger, M. (2018). Understanding fintech start-ups - A taxonomy of consumer-oriented service offerings. Electronic Markets, 28 (3), 245-264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-017-0275-0

Gomber, P., Kauffman, R. J., Parker, C., & Weber, B. W. (2018). On the fintech revolution: Interpreting the forces of innovation, disruption, and transformation in financial services. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35 (1), 220-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2018.1440766

Gozman, D., Liebenau, J., & Mangan, J. (2018). The Innovation mechanisms of fintech start-ups: Insights from SWIFT's Innotribe competition. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35 (1), 145-179. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2018.1440768

Haitao, S. (2020). Big data analysis of e-commerce loan risk of college students in the context of network finance. Information Systems and e-Business Management, 18 (3), 439-454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-019-00424-9

Han, H., Teng, J., Xia, J. R., Wang, Y. H., Guo, Z. H., & Li, D. Q. (2021). Predict high-frequency trading marker via manifold learning. Knowledge-Based Systems, 213 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2020.106662

Hendershott, T., Zhang, X. Q., Zhao, J. L., & Zheng, Z. Q. (2021). Fintech as a game changer: Overview of research frontiers. Information Systems Research, 32 (1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre2021.0997

Hua, X. P., Huang, Y. P., & Zheng, Y. F. (2019). Current practices, new insights, and emerging trends of financial technologies. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 119 (7), 1401-1410. https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-08-2019-0431

Ilk, N., Shang, G. Z., Fan, S. K., & Zhao, J. L. (2021). Stability of transaction fees in BitCoin: a supply and demand perspective. MIS Quarterly, 45 (2), 563-592. https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2021/15718

Jiang, Y., Ho, Y. C., Yan, X. B., & Tan, Y. (2018). Investor platform choice: Herding, platform attributes, and regulations. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35 (1), 86-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2018.1440770

Jin, Y., Ding, C., Duan, Y., & Cheng, H. K. (2020). Click to success? The temporal effects of facebook likes on crowdfunding. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 21 (5), 1191-1213. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00634

Jinasena, D. N., Spanaki, K., Papadopoulos, T., & Balta, M. E. (2023). Success and failure retrospectives of fintech projects: A case study approach. Information Systems Frontiers . https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-020-10079-4

Jung, D., Dorner, V., Weinhardt, C., & Pusmaz, H. (2018). Designing a robo-advisor for risk-averse, low-budget consumers. Electronic Markets, 28 (3), 367-380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-017-0279-9

Lagna, A., & Ravishankar, M. N. (2022). Making the world a better place with fintech research. Information Systems Journal, 32 (1), 61-102. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12333

Leong, C., Tan, B., Xiao, X., Tan, F. T. C., & Sun, Y. (2017). Nurturing a fintech ecosystem: The case of a youth microloan startup in China. International Journal of Information Management, 37 (2), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.11.006

Li, M. Y., Qin, Y., Liu, B., & Chu, X. W. (2021). Enhancing the efficiency and scalability of blockchain through probabilistic verification and clustering. Information Processing & Management, 58 (5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2021.102650

Lim, S. H., Kim, D. J., Hur, Y., & Park, K. (2019). An empirical study of the impacts of perceived security and knowledge on continuous intention to use mobile fintech payment services. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 35 (10), 886-898. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2018.1507132

Mai, F., Shan, Z., Bai, Q., Wang, X., & Chiang, R. H. L. (2018). How does social media impact Bitcoin value? A test of the silent majority hypothesis. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35 (1), 19-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2018.1440774

Muthukannan, P., Tan, B., Gozman, D., & Johnson, L. (2020). The emergence of a fintech ecosystem: A case study of the Vizag fintech valley in India. Information & Management, 57 (8). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2020.103385

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Jourdan, Z., Corley, J.K., Valentine, R. et al. Fintech: A content analysis of the finance and information systems literature. Electron Markets 33 , 2 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-023-00624-9

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Quantitative and qualitative research in finance

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This free course, Quantitative and qualitative research in finance , provides you with a good sense of the guiding ideas behind qualitative and quantitative research, of what they involve in practical terms, and of what they can produce. It outlines some of the key features both in terms of how the data are produced and how they are analysed. It also considers some ethical aspects of research that you should have in mind.

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Rules and regulations review on micro-takaful scheme development in Malaysia

Purpose This study aims to review Although the features of the first micro-takaful are slightly different from the customary long-established takaful settings, the rules and regulations remain unchanged following the original guidelines of operating insurance and takaful. Until Perlindungan Tenang makes its first premiere, the rules and regulations on micro-takaful are gaining ground. The dissimilarity of micro-takaful from the original takaful calls for updated guidelines, so that any micro-takaful scheme launched in the market meets the demand and needs of the targeted population. the current rules and regulations on micro-takaful in Malaysia to determine whether it addresses the basic principles of micro-takaful. Design/methodology/approach This study uses content analysis as the best method to review each guideline in the related rules and regulations across several documents such as microinsurance and micro-takaful discussion paper and guidelines on family takaful products. Findings Overall, the findings reveal that guidelines on micro-takaful operating in Malaysia support the micro-takaful requirement to be affordable, valuable, accessible, understandable and simplified. Matching the rules and regulations with this population feedback, the extended distribution channel may need further scrutiny due to deficit trust among public members toward insurance and takaful. Originality/value The insights presented are of important illumination to achieve long-term sustainability financial protection while preserving human well-being among those underserved.

Capital budgeting practices and political risk: evidence from Lebanon

Purpose This paper aims to examine how capital investment projects are appraised in Lebanon; whether the risk is incorporated into this process by Lebanese firms and the impact of political risk on the capital budgeting process. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a questionnaire survey to investigate the capital budgeting practices of companies located in Lebanon, which is a country characterised by a high level of political risk. Findings Lebanese companies tend to use more than one method of investment appraisal and, increasingly, they are using sophisticated discounted cashflow techniques alongside the payback period. The most widely used methods to evaluate risk include scenario and sensitivity analysis. Finally, political risk plays an important role in the capital budgeting processes of Lebanese companies. Originality/value The paper reports on whether the methods of capital investment appraisal used throughout advanced Western economies are used in the context of an emerging economy. In addition, Lebanon is an ideal research site to study capital budgeting as the conflicts in the country of the past 50 years have required sizeable new expenditure on capital projects; the country is characterised by high levels of political risk which may lead corporate managers to use different approaches to investment appraisal and it provides an opportunity to study capital budgeting decisions by private, unlisted firms.

The experience and the prospects of Islamic finance in Kazakhstan

Purpose This paper aims to take stock of the Islamic finance experience and aims to identify an approach for further development in Kazakhstan, using qualitative and quantitative assessments. Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a conceptual framework based on literature review and content analysis. Furthermore, the study uses a survey-based methodology to collect data and determine the prospects, challenges and possible remedies. The quantitative parameters of the potential of Islamic finance in Kazakhstan are based on the assessment of funds on bank deposits, which can be considered potential resources for Islamic financial instruments. Findings The results suggest improving the legal framework and institutional environment to grow Islamic finance in the country. Raising trust levels in a Shariah-based system within the local population, reducing transaction costs and reducing information asymmetry allow raising public awareness of Islamic finance and integrating Islamic finance into the conventional financial system. Research limitations/implications This paper is not free from limitations and does not focus on implementing the suggested results. Social implications This work elaborates in what way the Islamic finance advancement affects the development of economics and focuses on co-financing of real asset-based projects, with the risk and loss sharing; charity; strict prohibitions on the financing of haram activities, pseudo-needs; and subordination of the individual’s interests to society. Originality/value The proposed study presents originalities and it identifies the significant challenges and barriers for further Islamic financial industry development in Kazakhstan by professionals survey. Furthermore, the study assesses potential Islamic finance assets and provides recommendations for successful Islamic finance advancement, considering the peculiarities of the national economy.

Icarus of the 21st century: bond/monoline insurance

Purpose The business model of monoline insurers is to guarantee payments of debt issues in case of defaults by the issuer. Although sparse attention is given to monolines in literature, they play an important role in enabling municipalities and firms in refinancing. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of 181 articles from 1990 to 2020 from 23,130 records and a case study on the key monoline insurers. Key failure, success factors and demand for future monoline insurance are identified. Finally, the study explores monolines’ potential during COVID-19 and develops a framework for monoline governance and regulation. Design/methodology/approach The study follows Briner and Denyer and Moher et al. to implement the systematic review. The methodology involves ascertaining the motivation behind the review, and formulating research questions; aggregating relevant prior literature from scientific databases, conducting quality assessment and synthesising the data; and conducting extensive analysis for framework development. Case study methodology foundation phase focuses on understanding the research philosophy. The second phase involves documenting the procedures involved. The final phase involves collecting the relevant quantitative and qualitative material. In addition, collecting empirical data from numerous sources allows triangulation. Findings The review results of 181 articles from 1990 to 2020 show that peak article counts occur in 2010 and 2013 (nine academic studies) and in 2008 and 2010 (six industry studies). Over- and under-explored domains happen to be bond pricing (86 academic studies) and bond markets (36 industry studies) and corporate bonds (19 academic studies), respectively. The study highlights failure factors such as adverse selection, premiums mispricings, inadequate capital and regulation, untimely downgrades and governance issues; and identifies success factors such as conservative underwriting, early financing, competitor business acquisitions and obtaining put-back claims. Potential during COVID-19 is discussed and a monoline governance framework is developed. Research limitations/implications Search and selection criteria distortions may lead to sample selection bias in systematic reviews. Issue is addressed by using different permutations of the search key words to refine the search criteria. Reference list of collected final sample of articles are perused to identify additional articles. It is difficult to obtain verifiable empirical data on the bond/monoline insurers or their insured products, especially for the structured finance sector. Most of the information available on data stream and firm’s quarterly financial reports for publicly traded monoline/bond insurers and credit rating reports are included to overcome this issue. Practical implications Demand for bond/monoline insurance still persists even in the USA. Although borrowing costs are low, obtaining bank loans would be challenging for municipalities and corporates with increased risks. Especially, given worldwide government stimulus on wages, most municipalities would possess reduced budgets for public finance. Monoline insurance can play a key role in financing such projects. Thus, it is important to understand their unique traditional and transformed business model and applicability during and post-COVID-19. Given the near extinction of bond/monoline insurers during the 2008 global financial crisis (GFC), an adequate framework for bond/monoline insurers as developed in this study is key for future business continuity. Social implications There is significant interest, especially, from the industry on monolines as identified in our systematic review. Monoline insurance has major effects on taxpayers, government policies and bond investors. They aid in financing public finance projects that have significant societal impact. This study contributes by filling existing gaps in the literature, especially, from a behavioural, ethical and social perspective of the monolines, regulators, other stakeholders and new entrants to the industry during COVID-19. This study links prior finance theories to the impact of bond/monoline insurer’s during the 2008 GFC and their stakeholders involved that has societal implications. Originality/value This study can be differentiated from prior research on monoline insurers as follows: The study identifies, gaps, similarities, trends between prior academic and industry literature and develop a bond/monoline governance framework; identifies key failure and success factors during the 2008 GFC crisis to develop the governance framework and identify monolines’ potential during COVID-19; as opposed to most prior literature that only focus on one (Drake and Neal, 2011 analyse MBIA) or two key bond/monoline insurers, this study focuses on five key bond/monoline insurers in detail and all other key insurers as well in the empirical analysis section.

A review of literature directions regarding the impact of fintech firms on the banking industry

Purpose This paper aims to provide a review of literature directions regarding the potential impact of fintech operators on the financial services market globally. This paper reviews the literature to identify possible benefits or challenges that fintech firms can have for the traditional banking system. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a review of published research papers related to fintech and digital finance. The Scopus database, SSRN database and google scholar were used to find relevant research papers. The final sample included impactful papers about the effect of fintech activities on the banking and financial services industry. Findings The current paper indicated that while fintech firms would take some market share away from banks, it is not expected that fintech firms would substitute banks. However, banks are required to accelerate their adoption of innovations and advanced technology to compete with fintech firms. It is also proposed that strategic partnerships and cooperation could happen between banks and fintech companies in a way that benefits both sides. Originality/value The present paper adds to the understanding of the effect of the fintech firms’ growth on the banking industry in light of the emerging opportunities and threats for the financial sector. The paper also provides guidance for fruitful research on the impact of fintech activities on social and economic welfare in the future.

Bibliometric study on asset pricing

Purpose This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of asset pricing research and identifies the general research trends in the area. The study also aims to provide future direction to the researchers in the area of asset pricing. Design/methodology/approach The study uses bibliometric analysis techniques to achieve the stated purpose. The study covers 3,007 articles published in the top 50 finance and economics journals, accessed from the Scopus database for a period of 47 years (1973–2020). After initial searching for “asset pricing” as the main keyword in “title, abstract, keywords”, the database yields 6,583 articles. This number further reduces to 3,007 articles when the search is restricted to research and review articles published in the top 50 peer-reviewed journals. Findings The tabular and pictorial representation obtained from the analysis exhibit that asset pricing is an extensively researched area; however, a sudden rise in the number of publications (242) observed for 2019 demonstrates a growing interest amongst researchers. Further, affiliation statistics indicate that the volume of research is mainly concentrated in the USA and other developed nations; hence it opens vistas for the exploration of risk-return dynamics in the context of emerging markets. Originality/value The work presents an exhaustive and comprehensive review along with potential research implications. The present study reconciles various contradictory views of the prior studies under asset pricing such as risk-return trade-off, low-risk anomaly and provides the researchers with potential research gaps.

Examining drivers and deterrents of individuals’ investment intentions: a qualitative multistage analysis

Purpose Even after appreciating multi-faceted merits of retail participation in stock markets and extensive efforts by policymakers and financial service industry to increase it, the present low retail participation in Indian stock markets is cause of grave concern. The purpose of this paper is to identify plausible drivers and deterrents of prospective and current household individuals through a multi-stage qualitative enquiry. Design/methodology/approach Two qualitative studies are conducted. In Study 1, scholarship of stakeholders is engaged through participative diamond model to propose behavioural classification of retail investors based on two-parameter framework. In Study 2, behavioural substructures of retail investors that drive or deter investment intentions and actions are identified through in-depth interviews. Findings Financial self-efficacy, past experience (own or peer group), financial eco-system, operational literacy, higher charges by financial experts and low liquidity in the hands of the investors are some key factors that influence investment intension and action of individual investors. Though digital platforms have helped to overcome hurdles faced by an investor but its availability, awareness and ease of use still remain a concern. Practical implications The inductive findings of this study uncover some important take-aways for the financial service industry – improve operational literacy, digital awareness, ease of use and incorporate risk assessments in client portfolios – and for the policymakers – improve investment eco-system through digital availability, financial literacy workshops focussed on operations. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the initial attempts to adopt a multi-stage qualitative enquiry to propose behavioural classification of retail investors and uncover reasons that drive or deter individual investors’ intentions and actions in the context of Indian stock market. Moreover, this study provides necessary impetus to analyse and improve operational literacy (instead of financial literacy) and financial eco-system for higher retail participation.

The impact and implications of SWFs: a systematic review of literature

Purpose This paper aims to systematically review all available evidence on the implications of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) for various stakeholders (recipients of sovereign investment, home countries, which incorporate SWFs and the world at large) and offer future research directions. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review (SLR) technique is used to review 102 handpicked articles for the period 2005‐2019. Findings This review reveals that the literature on the impact of SWFs emerged only during the financial crisis of 2008–2011 and much of it is qualitative in nature. The literature is lopsidedly focused on the impact of SWFs on target firms and there has been a limited empirical investigation of the impact on other stakeholders. There is a lack of consensus in several areas, which calls for additional research. Few areas, which have not been addressed in the literature and can be taken up by future researchers include the impact of SWFs on macroeconomic fundamentals and stock markets of recipient countries, especially emerging economies; implications of SWFs for alternative asset classes; impact on the welfare of citizens and internationalization strategies of home countries; impact on initial public offerings and unlisted corporations; and impact on innovativeness, efficiency and corporate governance practices of target firms. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to use the SLR technique to review the literature on SWFs. It considers the impact of SWFs on all stakeholders and covers both qualitative and quantitative literature published over a long period of 2005‐2019. It also systematizes all available evidence on this theme and identifies important research gaps, which may be helpful for academicians, practitioners and policymakers.

Is knowledge alone enough for socially responsible investing? A moderation of religiosity and serial mediation analysis

Purpose This study aims to test the serial mediation effect of attitude toward socially responsible investing (SRI) and social investing efficacy (SIE) on the relationship of knowledge about SRI with the intention to invest in SRI along with moderating effect of religiosity. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a quantitative analysis approach, wherein the data has been collected from 569 north Indian retail investors. Partial least square (PLS)-structural equation modeling has been applied in this study using the latest version of SmartPLS (v. 3.2.8) software to examine the complex model of serial and moderated mediation. Findings Attitude toward SRI and SIE significantly and serially mediate the relationship between knowledge about SRI and intention to invest in SRI. Also, the interaction effect of religiosity with knowledge about SRI is significant only for SIE and not for attitude toward SRI. Research limitations/implications The study is cross-sectional in nature conducted only on the north Indian investors. Besides knowledge, there can be many other personal or social aspects that might affect SRI intention that have not been taken into the study. Practical implications The results suggested that the companies, financial advisors and governmental bodies can improvise upon social and environmental performance reporting so that investment in SRI can be promulgated. Social implications The paper concludes that religious-minded people are more open to the idea of investing in SRI. India, being is a religious-minded country, the results of this study suggest that there is good potential for the development of SRI in India. Originality/value Empirical evidence regarding the relationship of SRI intention with its determinants is limited in Asian countries. Prior literature mainly provides evidence from developed countries where social and governance systems are comparatively stronger. The study provides evidence for the bright future of SRI in India, where investor’s beliefs are dominated by their religious values.

Analysis of Tawarruq contract in the Islamic profit rate swap (IPRS) implementation in Malaysia

Purpose This study aims to analyse the Shariah issues in the implementation of tawarruq contract in the Islamic profit rate swap (IPRS) instrument in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative study in applying data analysis and semi-structured interview approaches. Data was collected from various documents including journals, articles and past studies conducted by scholars. To achieve the purpose of this study, the data is analysed based on thematic analysis. Findings The study found several Shariah issues regarding the implementation of tawarruq contract in the IPRS instruments, which have remained a dispute amongst the Islamic financial scholars such as its profit-making purpose, encouragement of debt, impediment of shared risk concept, disputed underlying assets, a deception towards allowing riba and dual agency. Research limitations/implications This study recommends several improvements such as the establishment of a neutral agency that does not represent any banking institution to manage the tawarruq contract commodity purchase from Bursa Suq al-Sila’ (BSAS). In addition, a neutral agency can provide aid in terms of transaction facility or at least consultation service for clients to enable them to conduct the commodity transactions independently. Practical implications Moreover, guidelines should be established on the separation of the deadline to sign the agreement of appointment of a bank as the commodity purchase agent and the agreement of appointment of the bank as the commodity sale agent on behalf of clients. All transactions related to tawarruq contract commodity must be done through BSAS. The regulators and industry experts may create a guideline for the IPRS based on the issues and recommendations that have been discussed in this study. Originality/value On the basis of the analysis of the criticisms and issues in the implementation of tawarruq contract in the IPRS instrument, the current study found that an intermediating institution is allowed to gain profits from transactions conducted so long as they are based on Shariah principles of contract in Islam. As there is no parameter specifically for IPRS, thus the suggested parameter can be used by policymakers such as the Central Bank of Malaysia to ensure the industry complies with Shariah principles.

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Qualitative research in finance

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Home » 500+ Qualitative Research Titles and Topics

500+ Qualitative Research Titles and Topics

Table of Contents

Qualitative research is a methodological approach that involves gathering and analyzing non-numerical data to understand and interpret social phenomena. Unlike quantitative research , which emphasizes the collection of numerical data through surveys and experiments, qualitative research is concerned with exploring the subjective experiences, perspectives, and meanings of individuals and groups. As such, qualitative research topics can be diverse and encompass a wide range of social issues and phenomena. From exploring the impact of culture on identity formation to examining the experiences of marginalized communities, qualitative research offers a rich and nuanced perspective on complex social issues. In this post, we will explore some of the most compelling qualitative research topics and provide some tips on how to conduct effective qualitative research.

Qualitative Research Titles

Qualitative research titles often reflect the study’s focus on understanding the depth and complexity of human behavior, experiences, or social phenomena. Here are some examples across various fields:

• “Understanding the Impact of Project-Based Learning on Student Engagement in High School Classrooms: A Qualitative Study”
• “Navigating the Transition: Experiences of International Students in American Universities”
• “The Role of Parental Involvement in Early Childhood Education: Perspectives from Teachers and Parents”
• “Exploring the Effects of Teacher Feedback on Student Motivation and Self-Efficacy in Middle Schools”
• “Digital Literacy in the Classroom: Teacher Strategies for Integrating Technology in Elementary Education”
• “Culturally Responsive Teaching Practices: A Case Study in Diverse Urban Schools”
• “The Influence of Extracurricular Activities on Academic Achievement: Student Perspectives”
• “Barriers to Implementing Inclusive Education in Public Schools: A Qualitative Inquiry”
• “Teacher Professional Development and Its Impact on Classroom Practice: A Qualitative Exploration”
• “Student-Centered Learning Environments: A Qualitative Study of Classroom Dynamics and Outcomes”
• “The Experience of First-Year Teachers: Challenges, Support Systems, and Professional Growth”
• “Exploring the Role of School Leadership in Fostering a Positive School Culture”
• “Peer Relationships and Learning Outcomes in Cooperative Learning Settings: A Qualitative Analysis”
• “The Impact of Social Media on Student Learning and Engagement: Teacher and Student Perspectives”
• “Understanding Special Education Needs: Parent and Teacher Perceptions of Support Services in Schools

Health Science

• “Living with Chronic Pain: Patient Narratives and Coping Strategies in Managing Daily Life”
• “Healthcare Professionals’ Perspectives on the Challenges of Rural Healthcare Delivery”
• “Exploring the Mental Health Impacts of COVID-19 on Frontline Healthcare Workers: A Qualitative Study”
• “Patient and Family Experiences of Palliative Care: Understanding Needs and Preferences”
• “The Role of Community Health Workers in Improving Access to Maternal Healthcare in Rural Areas”
• “Barriers to Mental Health Services Among Ethnic Minorities: A Qualitative Exploration”
• “Understanding Patient Satisfaction in Telemedicine Services: A Qualitative Study of User Experiences”
• “The Impact of Cultural Competence Training on Healthcare Provider-Patient Communication”
• “Navigating the Transition to Adult Healthcare Services: Experiences of Adolescents with Chronic Conditions”
• “Exploring the Use of Alternative Medicine Among Patients with Chronic Diseases: A Qualitative Inquiry”
• “The Role of Social Support in the Rehabilitation Process of Stroke Survivors”
• “Healthcare Decision-Making Among Elderly Patients: A Qualitative Study of Preferences and Influences”
• “Nurse Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture in Hospital Settings: A Qualitative Analysis”
• “Experiences of Women with Postpartum Depression: Barriers to Seeking Help”
• “The Impact of Nutrition Education on Eating Behaviors Among College Students: A Qualitative Approach”
• “Understanding Resilience in Survivors of Childhood Trauma: A Narrative Inquiry”
• “The Role of Mindfulness in Managing Work-Related Stress Among Corporate Employees: A Qualitative Study”
• “Coping Mechanisms Among Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder”
• “Exploring the Psychological Impact of Social Isolation in the Elderly: A Phenomenological Study”
• “Identity Formation in Adolescence: The Influence of Social Media and Peer Groups”
• “The Experience of Forgiveness in Interpersonal Relationships: A Qualitative Exploration”
• “Perceptions of Happiness and Well-Being Among University Students: A Cultural Perspective”
• “The Impact of Art Therapy on Anxiety and Depression in Adult Cancer Patients”
• “Narratives of Recovery: A Qualitative Study on the Journey Through Addiction Rehabilitation”
• “Exploring the Psychological Effects of Long-Term Unemployment: A Grounded Theory Approach”
• “Attachment Styles and Their Influence on Adult Romantic Relationships: A Qualitative Analysis”
• “The Role of Personal Values in Career Decision-Making Among Young Adults”
• “Understanding the Stigma of Mental Illness in Rural Communities: A Qualitative Inquiry”
• “Exploring the Use of Digital Mental Health Interventions Among Adolescents: A Qualitative Study”
• “The Psychological Impact of Climate Change on Young Adults: An Exploration of Anxiety and Action”
• “Navigating Identity: The Role of Social Media in Shaping Youth Culture and Self-Perception”
• “Community Resilience in the Face of Urban Gentrification: A Case Study of Neighborhood Change”
• “The Dynamics of Intergenerational Relationships in Immigrant Families: A Qualitative Analysis”
• “Social Capital and Economic Mobility in Low-Income Neighborhoods: An Ethnographic Approach”
• “Gender Roles and Career Aspirations Among Young Adults in Conservative Societies”
• “The Stigma of Mental Health in the Workplace: Employee Narratives and Organizational Culture”
• “Exploring the Intersection of Race, Class, and Education in Urban School Systems”
• “The Impact of Digital Divide on Access to Healthcare Information in Rural Communities”
• “Social Movements and Political Engagement Among Millennials: A Qualitative Study”
• “Cultural Adaptation and Identity Among Second-Generation Immigrants: A Phenomenological Inquiry”
• “The Role of Religious Institutions in Providing Community Support and Social Services”
• “Negotiating Public Space: Experiences of LGBTQ+ Individuals in Urban Environments”
• “The Sociology of Food: Exploring Eating Habits and Food Practices Across Cultures”
• “Work-Life Balance Challenges Among Dual-Career Couples: A Qualitative Exploration”
• “The Influence of Peer Networks on Substance Use Among Adolescents: A Community Study”

Business and Management

• “Navigating Organizational Change: Employee Perceptions and Adaptation Strategies in Mergers and Acquisitions”
• “Corporate Social Responsibility: Consumer Perceptions and Brand Loyalty in the Retail Sector”
• “Leadership Styles and Organizational Culture: A Comparative Study of Tech Startups”
• “Workplace Diversity and Inclusion: Best Practices and Challenges in Multinational Corporations”
• “Consumer Trust in E-commerce: A Qualitative Study of Online Shopping Behaviors”
• “The Gig Economy and Worker Satisfaction: Exploring the Experiences of Freelance Professionals”
• “Entrepreneurial Resilience: Success Stories and Lessons Learned from Failed Startups”
• “Employee Engagement and Productivity in Remote Work Settings: A Post-Pandemic Analysis”
• “Brand Storytelling: How Narrative Strategies Influence Consumer Engagement”
• “Sustainable Business Practices: Stakeholder Perspectives in the Fashion Industry”
• “Cross-Cultural Communication Challenges in Global Teams: Strategies for Effective Collaboration”
• “Innovative Workspaces: The Impact of Office Design on Creativity and Collaboration”
• “Consumer Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence in Customer Service: A Qualitative Exploration”
• “The Role of Mentoring in Career Development: Insights from Women in Leadership Positions”
• “Agile Management Practices: Adoption and Impact in Traditional Industries”

Environmental Studies

• “Community-Based Conservation Efforts in Tropical Rainforests: A Qualitative Study of Local Perspectives and Practices”
• “Urban Sustainability Initiatives: Exploring Resident Participation and Impact in Green City Projects”
• “Perceptions of Climate Change Among Indigenous Populations: Insights from Traditional Ecological Knowledge”
• “Environmental Justice and Industrial Pollution: A Case Study of Community Advocacy and Response”
• “The Role of Eco-Tourism in Promoting Conservation Awareness: Perspectives from Tour Operators and Visitors”
• “Sustainable Agriculture Practices Among Smallholder Farmers: Challenges and Opportunities”
• “Youth Engagement in Climate Action Movements: Motivations, Perceptions, and Outcomes”
• “Corporate Environmental Responsibility: A Qualitative Analysis of Stakeholder Expectations and Company Practices”
• “The Impact of Plastic Pollution on Marine Ecosystems: Community Awareness and Behavioral Change”
• “Renewable Energy Adoption in Rural Communities: Barriers, Facilitators, and Social Implications”
• “Water Scarcity and Community Adaptation Strategies in Arid Regions: A Grounded Theory Approach”
• “Urban Green Spaces: Public Perceptions and Use Patterns in Megacities”
• “Environmental Education in Schools: Teachers’ Perspectives on Integrating Sustainability into Curricula”
• “The Influence of Environmental Activism on Policy Change: Case Studies of Grassroots Campaigns”
• “Cultural Practices and Natural Resource Management: A Qualitative Study of Indigenous Stewardship Models”

Anthropology

• “Kinship and Social Organization in Matrilineal Societies: An Ethnographic Study”
• “Rituals and Beliefs Surrounding Death and Mourning in Diverse Cultures: A Comparative Analysis”
• “The Impact of Globalization on Indigenous Languages and Cultural Identity”
• “Food Sovereignty and Traditional Agricultural Practices Among Indigenous Communities”
• “Navigating Modernity: The Integration of Traditional Healing Practices in Contemporary Healthcare Systems”
• “Gender Roles and Equality in Hunter-Gatherer Societies: An Anthropological Perspective”
• “Sacred Spaces and Religious Practices: An Ethnographic Study of Pilgrimage Sites”
• “Youth Subcultures and Resistance: An Exploration of Identity and Expression in Urban Environments”
• “Cultural Constructions of Disability and Inclusion: A Cross-Cultural Analysis”
• “Interethnic Marriages and Cultural Syncretism: Case Studies from Multicultural Societies”
• “The Role of Folklore and Storytelling in Preserving Cultural Heritage”
• “Economic Anthropology of Gift-Giving and Reciprocity in Tribal Communities”
• “Digital Anthropology: The Role of Social Media in Shaping Political Movements”
• “Migration and Diaspora: Maintaining Cultural Identity in Transnational Communities”
• “Cultural Adaptations to Climate Change Among Coastal Fishing Communities”

Communication Studies

• “The Dynamics of Family Communication in the Digital Age: A Qualitative Inquiry”
• “Narratives of Identity and Belonging in Diaspora Communities Through Social Media”
• “Organizational Communication and Employee Engagement: A Case Study in the Non-Profit Sector”
• “Cultural Influences on Communication Styles in Multinational Teams: An Ethnographic Approach”
• “Media Representation of Women in Politics: A Content Analysis and Audience Perception Study”
• “The Role of Communication in Building Sustainable Community Development Projects”
• “Interpersonal Communication in Online Dating: Strategies, Challenges, and Outcomes”
• “Public Health Messaging During Pandemics: A Qualitative Study of Community Responses”
• “The Impact of Mobile Technology on Parent-Child Communication in the Digital Era”
• “Crisis Communication Strategies in the Hospitality Industry: A Case Study of Reputation Management”
• “Narrative Analysis of Personal Stories Shared on Mental Health Blogs”
• “The Influence of Podcasts on Political Engagement Among Young Adults”
• “Visual Communication and Brand Identity: A Qualitative Study of Consumer Interpretations”
• “Communication Barriers in Cross-Cultural Healthcare Settings: Patient and Provider Perspectives”
• “The Role of Internal Communication in Managing Organizational Change: Employee Experiences”

Information Technology

• “User Experience Design in Augmented Reality Applications: A Qualitative Study of Best Practices”
• “The Human Factor in Cybersecurity: Understanding Employee Behaviors and Attitudes Towards Phishing”
• “Adoption of Cloud Computing in Small and Medium Enterprises: Challenges and Success Factors”
• “Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management: A Qualitative Exploration of Potential Impacts”
• “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Personalizing User Experiences on E-commerce Platforms”
• “Digital Transformation in Traditional Industries: A Case Study of Technology Adoption Challenges”
• “Ethical Considerations in the Development of Smart Home Technologies: A Stakeholder Analysis”
• “The Impact of Social Media Algorithms on News Consumption and Public Opinion”
• “Collaborative Software Development: Practices and Challenges in Open Source Projects”
• “Understanding the Digital Divide: Access to Information Technology in Rural Communities”
• “Data Privacy Concerns and User Trust in Internet of Things (IoT) Devices”
• “The Effectiveness of Gamification in Educational Software: A Qualitative Study of Engagement and Motivation”
• “Virtual Teams and Remote Work: Communication Strategies and Tools for Effectiveness”
• “User-Centered Design in Mobile Health Applications: Evaluating Usability and Accessibility”
• “The Influence of Technology on Work-Life Balance: Perspectives from IT Professionals”

Tourism and Hospitality

• “Exploring the Authenticity of Cultural Heritage Tourism in Indigenous Communities”
• “Sustainable Tourism Practices: Perceptions and Implementations in Small Island Destinations”
• “The Impact of Social Media Influencers on Destination Choice Among Millennials”
• “Gastronomy Tourism: Exploring the Culinary Experiences of International Visitors in Rural Regions”
• “Eco-Tourism and Conservation: Stakeholder Perspectives on Balancing Tourism and Environmental Protection”
• “The Role of Hospitality in Enhancing the Cultural Exchange Experience of Exchange Students”
• “Dark Tourism: Visitor Motivations and Experiences at Historical Conflict Sites”
• “Customer Satisfaction in Luxury Hotels: A Qualitative Study of Service Excellence and Personalization”
• “Adventure Tourism: Understanding the Risk Perception and Safety Measures Among Thrill-Seekers”
• “The Influence of Local Communities on Tourist Experiences in Ecotourism Sites”
• “Event Tourism: Economic Impacts and Community Perspectives on Large-Scale Music Festivals”
• “Heritage Tourism and Identity: Exploring the Connections Between Historic Sites and National Identity”
• “Tourist Perceptions of Sustainable Accommodation Practices: A Study of Green Hotels”
• “The Role of Language in Shaping the Tourist Experience in Multilingual Destinations”
• “Health and Wellness Tourism: Motivations and Experiences of Visitors to Spa and Retreat Centers”

Qualitative Research Topics

Qualitative Research Topics are as follows:

• Understanding the lived experiences of first-generation college students
• Exploring the impact of social media on self-esteem among adolescents
• Investigating the effects of mindfulness meditation on stress reduction
• Analyzing the perceptions of employees regarding organizational culture
• Examining the impact of parental involvement on academic achievement of elementary school students
• Investigating the role of music therapy in managing symptoms of depression
• Understanding the experience of women in male-dominated industries
• Exploring the factors that contribute to successful leadership in non-profit organizations
• Analyzing the effects of peer pressure on substance abuse among adolescents
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with disabilities in the workplace
• Understanding the factors that contribute to burnout among healthcare professionals
• Examining the impact of social support on mental health outcomes
• Analyzing the perceptions of parents regarding sex education in schools
• Investigating the experiences of immigrant families in the education system
• Understanding the impact of trauma on mental health outcomes
• Exploring the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy for individuals with anxiety
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful intergenerational relationships
• Investigating the experiences of LGBTQ+ individuals in the workplace
• Understanding the impact of online gaming on social skills development among adolescents
• Examining the perceptions of teachers regarding technology integration in the classroom
• Analyzing the experiences of women in leadership positions
• Investigating the factors that contribute to successful marriage and long-term relationships
• Understanding the impact of social media on political participation
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with mental health disorders in the criminal justice system
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful community-based programs for youth development
• Investigating the experiences of veterans in accessing mental health services
• Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health outcomes
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood obesity prevention
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful multicultural education programs
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in the workplace
• Understanding the impact of poverty on academic achievement
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with autism spectrum disorder in the workplace
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful employee retention strategies
• Investigating the experiences of caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease
• Understanding the impact of parent-child communication on adolescent sexual behavior
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding mental health services on campus
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful team building in the workplace
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with eating disorders in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of mentorship on career success
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with physical disabilities in the workplace
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful community-based programs for mental health
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with substance use disorders in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of social media on romantic relationships
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding child discipline strategies
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful cross-cultural communication in the workplace
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with anxiety disorders in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of cultural differences on healthcare delivery
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with hearing loss in the workplace
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful parent-teacher communication
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with depression in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of childhood trauma on adult mental health outcomes
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding alcohol and drug use on campus
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful mentor-mentee relationships
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with intellectual disabilities in the workplace
• Understanding the impact of work-family balance on employee satisfaction and well-being
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with autism spectrum disorder in vocational rehabilitation programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful project management in the construction industry
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with substance use disorders in peer support groups
• Understanding the impact of mindfulness meditation on stress reduction and mental health
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood nutrition
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful environmental sustainability initiatives in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with bipolar disorder in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of job stress on employee burnout and turnover
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with physical disabilities in recreational activities
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful strategic planning in nonprofit organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with hoarding disorder in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of culture on leadership styles and effectiveness
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding sexual health education on campus
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful supply chain management in the retail industry
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with personality disorders in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of multiculturalism on group dynamics in the workplace
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with chronic pain in mindfulness-based pain management programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful employee engagement strategies in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with internet addiction disorder in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of social comparison on body dissatisfaction and self-esteem
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood sleep habits
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful diversity and inclusion initiatives in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with schizophrenia in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of job crafting on employee motivation and job satisfaction
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with vision impairments in navigating public spaces
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful customer relationship management strategies in the service industry
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with dissociative amnesia in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of cultural intelligence on intercultural communication and collaboration
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding campus diversity and inclusion efforts
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful supply chain sustainability initiatives in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of transformational leadership on organizational performance and employee well-being
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with mobility impairments in public transportation
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful talent management strategies in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with substance use disorders in harm reduction programs
• Understanding the impact of gratitude practices on well-being and resilience
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood mental health and well-being
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful corporate social responsibility initiatives in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with borderline personality disorder in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of emotional labor on job stress and burnout
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with hearing impairments in healthcare settings
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful customer experience strategies in the hospitality industry
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with gender dysphoria in gender-affirming healthcare
• Understanding the impact of cultural differences on cross-cultural negotiation in the global marketplace
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding academic stress and mental health
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful supply chain agility in organizations
• Understanding the impact of music therapy on mental health and well-being
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with dyslexia in educational settings
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful leadership in nonprofit organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in online support groups
• Understanding the impact of exercise on mental health and well-being
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood screen time
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful change management strategies in organizations
• Understanding the impact of cultural differences on international business negotiations
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with hearing impairments in the workplace
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful team building in corporate settings
• Understanding the impact of technology on communication in romantic relationships
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful community engagement strategies for local governments
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of financial stress on mental health and well-being
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful mentorship programs in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with gambling addictions in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of social media on body image and self-esteem
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood education
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful virtual team management strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with dissociative identity disorder in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of cultural differences on cross-cultural communication in healthcare settings
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with chronic pain in cognitive-behavioral therapy programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful community-building strategies in urban neighborhoods
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with alcohol use disorders in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of personality traits on romantic relationships
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding mental health stigma on campus
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful fundraising strategies for political campaigns
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with traumatic brain injuries in rehabilitation programs
• Understanding the impact of social support on mental health and well-being among the elderly
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in medical treatment decision-making processes
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful innovation strategies in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with dissociative disorders in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of cultural differences on cross-cultural communication in education settings
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood physical activity
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful conflict resolution in family relationships
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with opioid use disorders in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of emotional intelligence on leadership effectiveness
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with learning disabilities in the workplace
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful change management in educational institutions
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with eating disorders in recovery support groups
• Understanding the impact of self-compassion on mental health and well-being
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding campus safety and security measures
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful marketing strategies for nonprofit organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with postpartum depression in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of ageism in the workplace
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with dyslexia in the education system
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with anxiety disorders in cognitive-behavioral therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of socioeconomic status on access to healthcare
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood screen time usage
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful supply chain management strategies
• Understanding the impact of parenting styles on child development
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with addiction in harm reduction programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful crisis management strategies in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with trauma in trauma-focused therapy programs
• Examining the perceptions of healthcare providers regarding patient-centered care
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful product development strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with autism spectrum disorder in employment programs
• Understanding the impact of cultural competence on healthcare outcomes
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in healthcare navigation
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful community engagement strategies for non-profit organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with physical disabilities in the workplace
• Understanding the impact of childhood trauma on adult mental health
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful supply chain sustainability strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with personality disorders in dialectical behavior therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of gender identity on mental health treatment seeking behaviors
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with schizophrenia in community-based treatment programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful project team management strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder in exposure and response prevention therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of cultural competence on academic achievement and success
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding academic integrity
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful social media marketing strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with bipolar disorder in community-based treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of mindfulness on academic achievement and success
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with substance use disorders in medication-assisted treatment programs
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with anxiety disorders in exposure therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of healthcare disparities on health outcomes
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful supply chain optimization strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with borderline personality disorder in schema therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of culture on perceptions of mental health stigma
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with trauma in art therapy programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful digital marketing strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with eating disorders in online support groups
• Understanding the impact of workplace bullying on job satisfaction and performance
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding mental health resources on campus
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful supply chain risk management strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with chronic pain in mindfulness-based pain management programs
• Understanding the impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy on social anxiety disorder
• Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and well-being
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with eating disorders in treatment programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful leadership in business organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with chronic pain in cognitive-behavioral therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of cultural differences on intercultural communication
• Examining the perceptions of teachers regarding inclusive education for students with disabilities
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with depression in therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of workplace culture on employee retention and turnover
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with traumatic brain injuries in rehabilitation programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful crisis communication strategies in organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with anxiety disorders in mindfulness-based interventions
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in healthcare settings
• Understanding the impact of technology on work-life balance
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with learning disabilities in academic settings
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful entrepreneurship in small businesses
• Understanding the impact of gender identity on mental health and well-being
• Examining the perceptions of individuals with disabilities regarding accessibility in public spaces
• Understanding the impact of religion on coping strategies for stress and anxiety
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in complementary and alternative medicine treatments
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful customer retention strategies in business organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with postpartum depression in therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of ageism on older adults in healthcare settings
• Examining the perceptions of students regarding online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful team building in virtual work environments
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with gambling disorders in treatment programs
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in peer support groups
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful social media marketing strategies for businesses
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with ADHD in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of sleep on cognitive and emotional functioning
• Examining the perceptions of individuals with chronic illnesses regarding healthcare access and affordability
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with borderline personality disorder in dialectical behavior therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of social support on caregiver well-being
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in disability activism
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful cultural competency training programs in healthcare settings
• Understanding the impact of personality disorders on interpersonal relationships
• Examining the perceptions of healthcare providers regarding the use of telehealth services
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with dissociative disorders in therapy programs
• Understanding the impact of gender bias in hiring practices
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with visual impairments in the workplace
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful diversity and inclusion programs in the workplace
• Understanding the impact of online dating on romantic relationships
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood vaccination
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful communication in healthcare settings
• Understanding the impact of cultural stereotypes on academic achievement
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with substance use disorders in sober living programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful classroom management strategies
• Understanding the impact of social support on addiction recovery
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding mental health stigma
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful conflict resolution in the workplace
• Understanding the impact of race and ethnicity on healthcare access and outcomes
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder in treatment programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful project management strategies
• Understanding the impact of teacher-student relationships on academic achievement
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful customer service strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with social anxiety disorder in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of workplace stress on job satisfaction and performance
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with disabilities in sports and recreation
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful marketing strategies for small businesses
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with phobias in treatment programs
• Understanding the impact of culture on attitudes towards mental health and illness
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding sexual assault prevention
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful time management strategies
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with addiction in recovery support groups
• Understanding the impact of mindfulness on emotional regulation and well-being
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with chronic pain in treatment programs
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful conflict resolution in romantic relationships
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with autism spectrum disorder in social skills training programs
• Understanding the impact of parent-child communication on adolescent substance use
• Examining the perceptions of parents regarding childhood mental health services
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful fundraising strategies for non-profit organizations
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with chronic illnesses in support groups
• Understanding the impact of personality traits on career success and satisfaction
• Exploring the experiences of individuals with disabilities in accessing public transportation
• Analyzing the factors that contribute to successful team building in sports teams
• Investigating the experiences of individuals with chronic pain in alternative medicine treatments
• Understanding the impact of stigma on mental health treatment seeking behaviors
• Examining the perceptions of college students regarding diversity and inclusion on campus.

About the author

Muhammad Hassan

Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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