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Who were the Tudors?

Kings and queens in the Tudor family ruled England from 1485-1603 . Both King Henry VIII and Elizabeth I belonged to the Tudor family.

During the time that the Tudor kings and queens reigned, a lot was happening in England. People were discovering more about the world through exploration, the Church of England was founded, England got a good reputation for having a strong Navy, more people were able to go to school and learn lots of different things, and art and music became an important part of culture.

Top 10 facts

• There were six Tudor monarchs (kings and queens).
• The first Tudor monarch was King Henry VII who was crowned in 1485, and the last was Queen Elizabeth I who ruled from 1558 to 1603.
• Because Elizabeth I didn’t have any children, when she died in 1603 her cousin James I became king, uniting England and Scotland and starting a new royal family – the Stuarts.
• Religion was very important in Tudor times . Everyone had to go to church, and it was best if you went to the same sorts of churches that the king or queen did.
• If you were a Catholic when Henry VIII was king, or a Protestant when Mary I was Queen, you might get arrested, thrown into the Tower of London, or even executed!
• Mary I had over 280 people put to death because of their religion (she was Catholic), so she got the nickname ‘Bloody Mary’.
• It wasn’t all bad in Tudor times, though. Music and dances were very popular, and people practised their instruments so they could become good enough to play in the royal court.
• Music was enjoyed by everyone, no matter which class they came from – gentlemen, citizens of the cities, yeomen of the countryside, and the poor.
• Theatres were also very popular in Tudor times, which is how William Shakespeare got to be so famous for the plays he wrote. Both rich and poor people went to the theatre.
• Executions and punishments were another form of entertainment in Tudor times. Lots of people would gather to see someone burned at the stake or beheaded, which doesn’t sound very fun today!
• 1455-1485 The War of the Roses took place between the houses of York and Lancaster
• 22 August 1485 Henry Tudor won the Battle of Bosworth Field, which ends the War of the Roses. He also declares himself king from this date
• 28 June 1491 Henry VIII was born at Greenwich Palace
• 21 April 1509 Henry VII died
• 24 June 1509 Henry VIII was crowned king
• 18 February 1516 Mary I was born in Greenwich
• 7 September 1533 Elizabeth I was born in Greenwich
• 12 October 1537 Edward VI was born at Hampton Court Palace
• 28 January 1547 Henry VIII died
• 20 February 1547 Edward VI was crowned king
• 6 July 1553 Edward VI died
• 10 July 1553 Lady Jane Grey became queen, as Edward VI wanted
• 19 July 1553 Mary I was proclaimed Queen instead of Lady Jane Grey
• 1 October 1553 Mary was officially crowned Queen
• 12 February 1554 Lady Jane Grey was executed
• 17 November 1558 Mary I died at St. James’s Palace
• 15 January 1559 Elizabeth I was crowned queen
• 24 March 1603 Elizabeth I died
• 29 July 1567 Elizabeth’s cousin, James VI of Scotland, was crowned king – he is also known as James I of England; this ended the Tudor family line, as James belonged to the House of Stuart

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Did you know?

• People in Tudor times ate their main meal in the middle of the day – around when we’d eat lunch. Their main meal could last for three hours!
• People baked by putting food in an iron box, and placing it on an open fire.
• In Tudor times, meat was cooked on a spit – it could be turned around and around over the fire so the meat cooked on all sides.
• People used honey to sweeten food instead of sugar.
• Children who were naughty at school would be beaten with a cane – boys from rich families would sometimes pay for another boy to get beaten instead. Imagine having that job!
• If people felt sick, they wouldn’t take the medicines that we take today. Some of the cures they used sound funny to us now – for example, bald people thought they could grow hair if they used a shampoo made from crushed beetles!
• Tudor towns and villages weren’t very clean. People threw rubbish in the street, and even emptied the loo there! It was very smelly.
• People didn’t usually live to be older than age 35 in Tudor times.
• Ships built in Tudor times were called galleons.
• The Tudor monarch with the shortest rule was Lady Jane Grey – she was Queen for just nine days! She was in the Tower of London the whole time.

Can you find all the following in the gallery below?

• A model of an English galleon, and what it would have looked like inside:
• The Tudor rose
• Tudor houses that are still around today
• Lady Jane Grey
• Elizabeth I
• A Tudor room at Turton Tower
• Tudor interiors in Salford, Manchester
• Little Moreton Hall in Cheshire

The Tudors became royalty after winning the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485, which ended the War of the Roses between the House of Lancaster and the House of York. Henry Tudor led the fight on the Lancaster side, and then married Elizabeth of York.

The civil war between the House of Lancaster and the House of York was called the War of the Roses because each side had a certain colour of rose to represent them – red for Lancaster and white for York. The Tudor rose is both red and white, symbolising that the two houses were joined together.

While Henry VIII  wanted his daughter Mary to become queen after his son Edward VI, Edward decided on his deathbed that he wanted Lady Jane Grey to rule instead because she was Protestant, like him. Mary was a Catholic. Jane Grey did become queen, but only for nine days, and she was never officially crowned – Mary became queen instead, and had Jane executed.

The kings and queens in Tudor times were very involved in religious matters. Everybody had to go to church, and whether you were Catholic or Protestant was very important. It sometimes meant the difference between life and death!

Henry VIII set up the Protestant Church of England , which meant England broke ties with the Catholic church. This also meant that Catholics weren’t very popular in England – some were even put to death. But, when Mary I became Queen it was the other way around – her mum, Catherine of Aragon, was Catholic and Mary was Catholic too. She had over 280 people put to death because of their religion, which gave her the nickname ‘Bloody Mary’.

After Mary, Elizabeth I (a Protestant) became Queen.

Some of the games played in Tudor times are games we still play today, such as bowls and tennis. The version of tennis played by Tudors was called ‘paume’.

A lot of what we know about what people would have had in their homes during Tudor times is from inventories, which are lists of possessions that people had when they died.

Music was very popular in Tudor times, and it was a large part of entertainment both in the royal court as well as for the peasants. It also meant that somebody from any class – rich or poor – who was good enough at an instrument could have the chance to play for the king or queen! Musical instruments played include the viol, hautboy, harpsichord, spinet and virginals.

According to someone who lived during Tudor times, William Harrison, there were four different classes in society:

• gentlemen (nobles and professionals)
• citizens of the cities (people who were free, not slaves, and who had special rights)
• yeomen of the countryside (people who were free, not slaves, and could run cities and farms in the country)
• poor (slaves, farm workers, and vagrants who didn’t have a home and lived on the streets)

School could be expensive, so only people who could pay for it would send their children. At grammar school, they’d learn maths, Latin and Greek, and about religion. Only boys went to school, though sometimes girls from rich families would have tutors. When Edward VI was king, some schools were set up that didn’t cost anything so more people were able to be educated.

Jobs that people would have had in Tudor times include being a butcher, baker, weaver, fishmonger (catching and selling fish), tailor, blacksmith, shoemaker and washerwoman. There were different kinds of jobs in the royal court that involved serving the king or queen, such as being a page or a lady in waiting.

If you did something wrong and broke the law in Tudor times, you could get a pretty harsh punishment . If any of these happened to you, you’d been let off easy: whipping, being branded with a hot iron, and being locked in between bits of wood in the centre of town for people to laugh at you. The worst punishments were executions, such as beheading, being hung, being burned at the stake, or being boiled alive. Executions were public events that lots of people would come to watch.

Names to know:

King Henry VII (1457-1509) – Henry VIII was the first Tudor king, and ruled from 1485-1509. He won the Battle of Bosworth Field, which ended the War of the Roses.

King Henry VIII (1491-1547) – King Henry VIII ruled from 1509-1547. Find out more about him here.  //crosslink//

King Edward VI (1537-1553) – King Edward VI ruled from 1547-1553. He was only nine when he became king, and he died at age 15 from a disease in his lungs. He wanted Lady Jane Grey to become Queen next instead of his older sister, Mary, because Jane was a Protestant like Edward.

Lady Jane Grey (1536 or 1537-1554) – Lady Jane Grey was Queen from 10-19 July in 1553. Even though she was legally Queen because King Edward VI had made it so, Edward’s sister Mary took over the throne and eventually had Jane executed. In fact, Jane had been locked in the Tower of London during the nine days she was Queen.

Mary I (1516-1558) – Mary I was Queen from 1553-1558. She was a devout Catholic and was very strict about people following the same faith – so strict, that she’d have Protestants executed. She was called ‘Bloody Mary’ because of this. Mary married King Philip II from Spain, and they didn’t have any children.

Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603) – Queen Elizabeth I ruled from 1558-1603. 

William Shakespeare – William Shakespeare was a famous playwright during Tudor times. 

Related Videos

Just for fun...

• Watch Horrible Histories clips about Tudors: King Henry VIII , Henry VIII's wives , Lady Jane Grey and Elizabeth I
• Make Tudor smartard , sweet cottage cheese fritters
• Listen to some Tudor music
• Try a Tudors Grid Club game
• Complete a Tudor trivia quiz
• Dowload colouring sheets of  Tudor rulers and everyday life
• 'Listen' to life in Tudor times with a collection of comic sketches, short dramas and music from BBC Schools Radio. Topics include rich and poor in Tudor times, ships and seafaring, medicine, the Elizabethan stage and life in the reigns of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I.
• Watch a step-by-step video on how to make a traditional Tudor Cheese Tart
• Make your own Tudor house , Tudor crown and Tudor rose with step-by-step instructions and videos from Hobbycraft

Children's books about Tudors

Find out more:

• A children's guide to Tudor life from DKfindout!
• Read 10 fast facts about the Tudors
• Watch videos about life in the Tudor times, including Tudor merchants' lives , Tudor children's lives and Tudor housewives' lives
• A timeline of Tudor monarchs
• Read about  strange and gruesome cures in Tudor times
• Find out about Tudor buildings and houses in an architecture podcast from FunKids
• Read fictional stories for children set in Tudor times
• Discover more about Tudor health
• Learn amazing facts about  Tudor food
• Read all about Shakespeare's Globe
• Look at a portrait of Henry VIII's family
• Meet the crew of the Tudor ship the Mary Rose
• Examine Tudor objects including a sand shaker, a wooden trencher (plate) and a lantern
• Read a children's magazine about Tudor England

See for yourself

• Visit a replica of the Globe Theatre , where Shakespeare’s plays were performed – it’s very near the spot where the real Globe Theatre once stood
• See Hampton Court Palace , where Henry VIII lived
• Explore the Tower of London , and find out more about crime and punishment in Tudor times.
• Visit Framlingham Castle , where Mary I stayed before she became Queen.
• Henry VIII built Pendennis Castle as a fortress to ward off enemies from France and Spain.
• Lots of Tudors are buried in Westminster Abbey , with very ornate graves, but Henry VIII is buried at Windsor Castle

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Home » Tudors

The Tudors for kids KS2

The Tudors for kids KS2 learning at Primary School. Homework help on the history of the Tudors, Tudor Britain and Henry VIII.

Time: 1485AD - 1603AD

Who were the Tudors?

The Tudors are one of the most famous families ever to rule England. They were in power from 1485 when Henry Tudor was crowned King Henry VII, until the time Queen Elizabeth I died, without an heir, in 1603. The Tudors were some of the most colourful people in history.

Tudor Kings and Queens

There were six Tudor Kings and Queens.

• Henry VII - 1485-1509
• Henry VIII - 1509-1547
• Edward VI - 1547-1553
• Jane Grey - July 1553
• Mary I - 1553-1558
• Elizabeth I - 1558-1603

Horrible Histories - Terrible Tudors

He had six wives:

• Catherine of Aragon - Catherine had a daughter with Henry, but no son so Henry divorced her.
• Anne Boleyn - Anne had a daughter (who would be Queen Elizabeth I) with Henry, but Henry turned against his wife and had her head chopped off.
• Jane Seymour - They had a son, Edward (who was the next King) but she died two weeks after he was born.
• Anne of Cleves - Henry divorced Anne after only six months.
• Catherine Howard - Catherine was only 19 when they married. Henry had her head chopped off.
• Katherine Parr - She looked after Henry's children.

Elizabeth I

Elizabeth had a quick temper and liked to get her own way. She liked to live in fine palaces in London and it was an exciting time when she ruled. There were a lot of new discoveries during her time and many English explorers sailed off to find new lands.

Unlike Henry VIII, Elizabeth I never married and as she grew older people wondered who would be next Tudor to take over. So when she died on 24th March 1603, the Tudor period ended and the next in line to the throne was James VI of Scotland who became King and started the Stuarts period.

Tudor Britain

Although Elizabethan England was very rich, there were many poor people who had to beg for a living. In 1563 a Poor Law was passed so that money could be raised for the less fortunate ones.

Sir Walter Raleigh

He had many expeditions across the Atlantic to America. From one trip he brought back potatoes and tobacco to Europe, two things that were not known of at that time.

Sir Francis Drake

The Spanish Armada

How did the spanish armada start.

In 1588 King Philip II of Spain, angry that the English were raiding Spanish ships and stealing their treasures, sent a fleet of ships (The Spanish Armada), to invade England. They planned to sail to the Netherlands to join with an army, but while sailing through the English Channel, they were attacked by English warships. Fierce sea battles took place and during one night, while the Spanish ships were anchored near France, the English sent eight ships that had been set on fire, into the middle of the Spanish ships. The Spanish panicked and scattered all over the place.

The next day battle raged all day but the English, in the end, won.

What happened to the Spanish Armada?

Having been blown north around Scotland and Ireland, most of the Spanish ships were wrecked in terrible storms.

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Y7 Spring 1 Homework Booklet 'Tudor England' History KS3

Subject: History

Age range: 11-14

Resource type: Worksheet/Activity

Last updated

15 July 2018

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A homework booklet with 28 pages for the third half term of year 7. The focus is on learning homework ready for a starter or exit quiz in lessons. Each homework comes with a revision activity as well. This terms homework is about Tudor England and includes: Contents

• Tudor Kings and Queens
• Life in 1485 – comparison with 1066
• King Henry VII’s problems & successes of his reign
• What did Protestants protest about?
• Why did Henry VIII break with Rome?
• Religious changes under Henry VIII & Edward VI
• How ‘bloody’ was Bloody Mary?
• Elizabeth’s Middle Way
• The Catholic & Puritan threats against Elizabeth I
• To what extent did religion change under the Tudors?

Instructions for pupils are: Each week in History, you will have a fact test on work you completed the week before in lessons. For homework revise the information on the topic which you learnt in your lesson and be ready to answer ten factual questions based on that work. To help you revise there are revision activities to do for each topic. At the start of each half term and new term in History you will have a fact test which covers ALL the topics you have studied so far. Use this homework booklet to revise for your factual tests. If you continually fail your factual tests (less than half marks) you will have to stay after school to retake your tests. Your teacher will be able to help you one to one to ensure you are learning.

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29th August 2016

Welcome to the Tudor era!

The monarchy

The Tudor family reigned England from 1485 until 1603.

HENRY VII (REIGNED 1485-1509)

Henry VII was a man who believed in peace. Unlike his son, who would become Henry VIII! He kept peace and, kept the country smoothly run. In 1509, he met his death bed. His son, Henry VIII, took over!

HENRY VIII (REIGNED 1509- 1547)

We all know about his six wives, how he treated them and even how they met their sticky ends! But, what was he like as a young man? We don’t much about that, do we?

What he was like as a young man

This is the Henry we know!

Catherine had many births, most of which died! Only Mary survived! They tried and tried until Catherine of Aragon couldn’t give birth to any more children! He tried to persuade the Church to divorce Catherine, but refused. So, Henry VIII set up his own church called the Church of England and got a divorce THAT way!

Here comes Anne Boleyn!

He wanted to marry Anne Boleyn as soon as possible, because she was pregnant! Anne was believed to be a witch, because she had six fingers on one hand, and also there are rumours that Anne Boleyn performed a spell on Henry to make him fall in love with her.

She gave birth many times, but only Elizabeth I survived! Henry wasn’t happy…

The other four wives

Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard and Catherine Parr was the next of Henry’s wives. Jane Seymour gave birth to Edward, and died shorty afterwards. Henry saw a portrait of Anne of Cleves and loved it, but when he saw Anne in person, he said, “She looks like a horse!” He divorced her.

Catherine Howard was Henry’s wife for one year. She got beheaded!

Catherine Parr was the last wife of Henry. She looked after Henry when he got severely ill and died. Catherine survived!

EDWARD VI (REIGNED 1547-1553)

Edward came onto the throne when he was just 9 years old! He was a Protestant, just like his father. Edward wanted to finish what his father started: The Church of England.

Who are Protestants?

Protestants are an extreme version of Roman Catholics. In some ways, they are the same, but in other ways, very different. Protestants believed in the Bible, but not in the Pope. Roman Catholics liked their churches colourful with statues and many other colourful and valuable objects. Protestants just liked churches white and simple.

Edward’s reign

Because Edward was so young, the country were mainly run by advisors. Edward had a short life and died at the age of 15. To make sure his Catholic sister, Mary, didn’t get on the throne, he put Lady Jane Gray on the throne.

LADY JANE GREY (1553)

Lady Jane Grey ruled for only nine days before getting her head cut off. So there’s not really much to say here!

MARY I OF ENGLAND (1553-1557)

Mary, also known as “Bloody Mary”, was Catholic and burnt to the steak many hundreds of people during her 5 year reign, just for being Protestant. Catholic or Protestant- which one should we choose? Thankfully she only reigned for 5 years and died in 1557. Lucky for the Protestants, not so lucky for the Catholics.

The Tower of London was used to cut many heads off during the Tudor era, and Mary’s was no exception.

ELIZABETH I (1557-1603)

Elizabeth I reigned a long time. She herself was Protestant, but she treated both religions equally. Few, finally we can choose which religion we want to be and not be punished!

Shakespeare started doing his plays during Elizabeth’s reign. He also performed his plays to the queen a few times.

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