list of research topics in zoology

100+ Best Zoology Research Project Topics And Materials In 2024

Have you ever wondered about the world of animals and the mysteries they hold? Zoology, the study of animals, opens doors to discovering incredible things about creatures, big and small. But where do you start when you want to explore this exciting world through research projects?

Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials are like a map guiding curious minds through this fascinating field. You can ask questions about animals, their behaviors, bodies, homes, and even their families! For example: studying how animals talk to each other or how they survive in different places. It’s like becoming a detective, uncovering secrets about the animal kingdom.

You might study how animals live in oceans, forests, or deserts. Or explore why some animals are becoming rare and how we can protect them. There’s so much to discover – from how animals are born to how they grow, eat, and even play!

You’ll need materials like books, articles, and cool facts about animals to start your project. These materials are like your tools to learn and understand more about the incredible animals that share our planet.

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Table of Contents

What Is Zoology Research Project Topics And Materials?

Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials form the building blocks for investigating the captivating world of animals. Zoology, a branch of science, focuses on studying animals, big and small, and understanding their lives, behaviors, habitats, and how they interact with the environment.

These Research Projects are like doors to exploration, offering curious minds various avenues to explore. They enable researchers to uncover the secrets of animal life, from their incredible behaviors to their unique adaptations. These projects provide discernment into the diverse ecosystems animals occupy and aid in understanding how they contribute to our planet’s balance.

Additionally, zoology is crucial because it helps us learn the intricate web of life on Earth. Through this, we can learn beneficial lessons about biodiversity and human health. Zoology research provides us with knowledge to protect endangered species, conserve habitats, and admire the wonders of the natural world.

How Do I Choose A Research Topic In Zoology?

Here are the following steps to choose the best zoology project topics and materials for students.

Step 1:- Identify Your Interests

Start by exploring the areas of Zoology that fascinate you the most. Do you find animal behavior intriguing? Or are you passionate about conservation, genetics, physiology, or ecology? Identifying your interests will guide you toward specific themes within Zoology.

Step 2:- Review Existing Literature

Research and read articles, books, and scientific papers related to Zoology. This step helps you understand current trends, gaps in knowledge, and potential areas where new research is needed. Look for areas that have room for exploration or where new discoveries can be made.

Step 3: Consult with Advisors or Mentors

Seek advice from professors, advisors, or experienced researchers in Zoology. They can offer guidance, suggest potential research areas, and help narrow down topics based on your interests and the availability of resources.

Step 4:- Consider Feasibility and Resources

Evaluate the feasibility of your chosen Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials. Consider the availability of resources, such as access to labs, equipment, or specific animal populations for study. Ensure that the chosen topic aligns with your available resources and timeline for conducting research.

Step 5:- Narrow Down and Define Your Topic

Once you’ve explored various areas and considered feasibility, narrow down your options. Define your research topic clearly by focusing on a specific aspect of Zoology. A well-defined topic ensures a more manageable and focused research project.

List of 100+ Best Zoology Research Project Topics And Materials In 2024

These are the following list of 100+ specific and best research project topics and materials in zoology:

Ecology and Conservation

Impact of Climate Change on Migratory Patterns of Birds
Biodiversity Assessment in Tropical Rainforests
Effects of Pollution on Aquatic Ecosystems
Conservation Strategies for Endangered Marine Species
Urbanization and Its Impact on Wildlife Habitats
Ecological Role of Keystone Species in Ecosystem Stability
Human-Wildlife Conflict: Mitigation and Management
Restoration Ecology in Degraded Habitats
Conservation Genetics of Threatened Amphibian Species
Effects of Habitat Fragmentation on Wildlife Populations

Animal Behavior Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials

Social Dynamics in Primate Groups: Communication and Hierarchy
Foraging Behavior in Predatory Mammals
Vocal Communication Patterns in Cetaceans
Parental Care Strategies in Birds
Territoriality and Aggression in Animal Societies
Mate Selection and Courtship Behavior in Insects
Migration Patterns and Navigation in Birds
Tool Use in Non-Human Primates
Behavioral Adaptations of Desert Species
Sleep Patterns and Rest Behavior Across Animal Species

Physiology and Anatomy

Comparative Morphology of Vertebrate Digestive Systems
Physiological Adaptations of Arctic Animals to Extreme Cold
Cardiovascular Systems in Different Mammalian Species
Neuroanatomy and Brain Evolution in Primates
Respiration Mechanisms in Aquatic Organisms
Endocrine Regulation in Invertebrates
Skeletal Adaptations for Flight in Birds
Sensory Perception in Nocturnal Animals
Reproductive Strategies in Reptiles and Amphibians
Comparative Anatomy of Fish Gills

Best Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials For Genetics and Evolution

Genetic Diversity in Isolated Island Populations
Evolutionary Adaptations in Camouflage Techniques
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolutionary Relationships
Evolution of Flight in Birds
Speciation Patterns in Diverse Taxa
Comparative Genomics of Mammalian Species
Evolutionary History of Human-Animal Relationships
Population Genetics of Endangered Species
Molecular Basis of Color Variation in Animals
Hybridization and Genetic Introgression in Wild Populations

Animal Physiology and Anatomy

Adaptations in Extreme Environments: Deep-Sea Organisms
Comparative Anatomy of Avian Skeletal Systems
Physiological Responses to Hibernation in Mammals
Nervous System Development in Embryonic Vertebrates
Endocrine Disruption in Aquatic Species due to Pollutants
Evolutionary Adaptations in Carnivorous Teeth Structure
Muscle Physiology and Performance in Migratory Species
Sensory Adaptations in Nocturnal Predators
Immunology of Invertebrates: Defense Mechanisms
Reproductive Biology of Unique Mammalian Species

Ecology and Behavioral Studies

Feeding Ecology and Dietary Niche Specialization
Behavioral Ecology of Social Insects: Ants and Termites
Impact of Anthropogenic Noise on Animal Communication
Trophic Interactions in Food Webs: Predator-Prey Dynamics
Disease Ecology and Wildlife Health Assessment
Behavioral Plasticity in Response to Habitat Change
Habitat Preference and Niche Partitioning in Birds
Parasite-Host Interactions in Wildlife Populations
Behavioral Strategies for Coping with Climate Change
Predator Avoidance Behaviors in Prey Species

Conservation Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Genetic Rescue and Population Viability Analysis
Conservation Genomics of Endangered Species
Hybridization and Introgression in Endangered Populations
Evolutionary Significance of Ancient DNA Studies
Conservation Strategies for Genetic Diversity Preservation
Population Genomics of Species Under Anthropogenic Pressure
Evolutionary Adaptations in Island Endemic Species
Genetic Markers for Wildlife Forensic Studies
Landscape Genetics and Connectivity in Fragmented Habitats
Phylogeography and Population Structure in Wild Species

Marine and Aquatic Biology

Coral Reef Resilience to Climate Change Stressors
Adaptations in Deep-Sea Creatures to High Pressure
Behavioral Ecology of Cephalopods: Octopus and Squid
Trophic Relationships in Estuarine Ecosystems
Movement Ecology of Pelagic Marine Species
Ocean Acidification Effects on Marine Invertebrates
Conservation of Threatened Seabird Species
Bioluminescence in Marine Organisms: Function and Evolution
Breeding Biology and Migration Patterns of Sea Turtles
Pollution Impacts on Marine Mammal Health

Wildlife Conservation and Management

Translocation and Reintroduction Programs: Success and Challenges
Human-Wildlife Conflict Resolution Strategies
Protected Area Design and Efficacy for Biodiversity Conservation
Community-Based Conservation Initiatives
Wildlife Trafficking and Illegal Wildlife Trade
Conservation Education and Public Awareness Programs
Ecotourism and Sustainable Wildlife Management
Integrating Traditional Ecological Knowledge into Conservation Practices
Wildlife Disease Surveillance and Management
Conservation Planning for Habitat Restoration

Ethology and Animal Behavior

Social Learning and Cultural Transmission in Animal Groups
Vocalizations and Communication Patterns in Insects
Cognitive Abilities and Problem-Solving Skills in Birds
Dominance Hierarchies and Aggression in Social Mammals
Play Behavior and Its Developmental Significance in Young Animals
Tool Use and Innovation in Non-Human Primates
Sleep Patterns and Sleep-related Behaviors in Various Species
Migration Strategies and Navigation in Long-Distance Migrants
Adaptive Behaviors in Response to Changing Environmental Conditions
Altruistic Behaviors and Kin Selection in Animal Societies

Comparative Physiology and Anatomy

Digestive Physiology in Herbivorous versus Carnivorous Mammals
Respiratory Adaptations in High-Altitude Birds and Mammals
Musculoskeletal Adaptations in Arboreal and Terrestrial Animals
Thermoregulation in Reptiles: Ectothermy vs. Endothermy
Sensory Adaptations in Nocturnal versus Diurnal Animals
Endocrine System Regulation in Response to Seasonal Changes
Reproductive Strategies in Marsupials versus Placental Mammals
Adaptations of Marine Mammals to Aquatic Life
Immune System Variation in Different Taxonomic Groups
Comparative Anatomy of Insect Flight Mechanisms

Evolutionary Biology and Genetics

Coevolutionary Relationships between Hosts and Parasites
Evolutionary Significance of Mimicry and Camouflage in Prey Species
Molecular Basis of Coloration in Animals: Pigments and Structural Colors
Genome Editing Techniques in Studying Evolutionary Pathways
Evolutionary Implications of Hybrid Zones and Hybrid Speciation
Comparative Genomic Studies of Model Organisms
Evolutionary Genetics of Reproductive Isolation
Evolutionary Adaptations in Extreme Environments
Ancient DNA Analysis and Its Contribution to Evolutionary Studies
Genomic Basis of Speciation and Divergence

Wildlife Ecology and Conservation

Human-Wildlife Conflict: Mitigation Strategies in Agricultural Landscapes
Effects of Climate Change on Wildlife Phenology and Distribution
Connectivity and Corridor Conservation in Fragmented Landscapes
Conservation Genetics and Strategies for Rare and Endangered Species
Community-Based Conservation Approaches in Developing Nations
Eco-Health Approaches to Wildlife Disease Management
Conservation Strategies for Urban Wildlife Populations
Rewilding Initiatives and Their Impact on Ecosystem Restoration
Habitat Restoration Techniques for Biodiversity Enhancement
Conflict Resolution in Conservation Policies: Balancing Human Needs and Wildlife Preservation

Simple Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials For College Students

Explore intriguing research topics in Zoology suitable for college students, encompassing biodiversity, ecology, genetics, and conservation studies.

Good Zoology Project Ideas

Discover engaging Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials that delve into animal behavior, physiology, genetics, and ecological aspects, offering diverse avenues for exploration in Zoology.

Zoology Research Topics For Undergraduates

Tailored for undergraduates, these research topics cover various facets of Zoology, including habitat dynamics, wildlife conservation, behavioral studies, and genetic diversity.

Project Topics In Zoology And Entomology

Uncover research topics bridging Zoology and Entomology, exploring insect behavior, ecological interactions, evolutionary studies, and conservation efforts.

Research Topics For Zoology Students

Designed for Zoology students, these research topics delve into animal welfare, advanced genetic studies, conservation strategies, and behavioral ecology.

Easy Topics In Zoology

Simplify research endeavors with easy-to-explore topics in Zoology, covering animal anatomy, behavior, ecological observations, and basic physiological studies.

What Are Some Good Research Project Topics For The Last Year Of An M.Sc. In Zoology?

These research topics explore advanced areas in Zoology, encompassing wildlife genetics, conservation challenges, ecological dynamics, and evolutionary studies.

Why are zoology Research Project Topics important?

Zoology Research Project Topics play a crucial role in deepening our understanding of the animal kingdom, driving conservation efforts, etc. It holds significant importance for several reasons:

Advancing Knowledge: They contribute to the expansion of knowledge in Zoology by exploring new aspects of animal biology, behavior, ecology, genetics, and physiology.
Addressing Conservation Needs: Research topics aid in understanding threats to biodiversity, endangered species, and habitat degradation, offering insights into conservation strategies.
Educational Development: They serve as learning tools for students, fostering critical thinking, research skills, and a deeper understanding of animal life and ecosystems.
Impact on Society: Research outcomes may influence policies, conservation efforts, and wildlife management practices, benefiting both animals and humans.
Innovation and Technology: Research projects often lead to innovative discoveries, new methodologies, and technological advancements relevant to animal science and welfare.
Contribution to Scientific Discourse: They contribute to scientific literature, enabling scholars to share findings, collaborate, and build upon existing knowledge in the field of Zoology.
Conservation and Environmental Awareness: By focusing on ecological issues and wildlife conservation, these topics raise awareness about the importance of preserving biodiversity and ecosystems.

How do I choose the best topic for a PhD in research in zoology?

Selecting the best topic for a PhD research in Zoology involves a thoughtful and strategic approach:

Identify Your Interests: Consider your passion and curiosity. Choose a topic that aligns with your interests, whether it’s animal behavior, ecology, genetics, conservation, or another aspect of Zoology.
Explore Existing Literature: Review current research papers, articles, and books within your field of interest. Identify gaps, unanswered questions, or emerging areas that intrigue you.
Consult with Experts: Engage with professors, advisors, or researchers in Zoology. Discuss potential topics, seek guidance, and explore their expertise to refine your research direction.
Consider Feasibility: Assess the feasibility of your chosen topic. Ensure access to resources, such as laboratories, equipment, fieldwork opportunities, and support from mentors.
Originality and Contribution: Aim for a topic that contributes to the field. Look for areas where your research can make a unique and significant contribution to Zoology, whether through new methodologies, discoveries, or innovative approaches.
Scope and Manageability: Ensure your topic is manageable within the scope of a PhD in zoology . It should be neither too broad nor too narrow, allowing for in-depth research while being achievable within the time frame.
Future Prospects: Consider the potential impact and future prospects of your research. How might it contribute to scientific discourse, conservation efforts, or technological advancements?
Personal and Career Goals: Reflect on how the chosen topic aligns with your long-term career aspirations and personal goals. A topic that excites you and holds long-term interest can sustain motivation throughout the PhD journey.

Zoology Project Topics And Materials Pdf

The Zoology Project Topics and Materials PDF offers a comprehensive collection of research themes covering various facets of animal biology, ecology, behavior, genetics, and conservation studies. This resource-rich PDF serves as a valuable guide, presenting diverse research avenues and educational materials for enthusiasts and scholars in Zoology.

Final words

The Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials serve as a valuable compass guiding aspiring zoologists through a diverse array of research avenues. This resource offers a treasure trove of knowledge, inviting exploration into the intricate world of animal life. From understanding animal behavior and physiology to unraveling the complexities of ecosystems and conservation, these topics ignite curiosity and offer a pathway to deeper understanding.

Each Zoology Research Project Topics and Materials within this compilation is a doorway to discovery, inviting students to delve into the wonders of the animal kingdom. It’s like having a map of an enchanted forest brimming with intriguing creatures and mysteries waiting to be unraveled. This resource empowers students to pick their adventure, encouraging them to ask questions, investigate, and unearth the marvels of the animal realm. With each topic sparking curiosity and imagination, it’s an invitation to research a good project through the captivating world of zoology.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best topic for a zoology assignment.

The best topic for a Zoology assignment depends on personal interest and the scope of research, such as animal behavior, ecological studies, genetics, or conservation efforts. Selecting a topic aligned with passion and research feasibility ensures a rewarding assignment experience.

What are some good topics for a final year project for a Bsc zoology?

Exploring animal behavior, biodiversity conservation, genetics, or ecological studies offers promising final year BSc Zoology project topics

80 Zoology Research Topics

FacebookXEmailWhatsAppRedditPinterestLinkedInIf you are a researcher in the field of Zoology searching for intriguing research topics, you’ve landed on the right platform. Embarking on the exhilarating academic research journey, the crucial task of identifying suitable research topics lies at the forefront of their academic endeavors. As aspiring scholars in Zoology, selecting pertinent research topics is not […]

If you are a researcher in the field of Zoology searching for intriguing research topics, you’ve landed on the right platform. Embarking on the exhilarating academic research journey, the crucial task of identifying suitable research topics lies at the forefront of their academic endeavors. As aspiring scholars in Zoology, selecting pertinent research topics is not just a prerequisite but a pivotal element in shaping the trajectory of their undergraduate, master’s, or doctoral-level thesis or dissertation. This article endeavors to aid and inspire budding zoologists by presenting a curated list of compelling research topics tailored for various academic levels, empowering them to undertake their research odyssey with confidence and purpose.

Zoology, also known as animal biology, fauna studies, or animal science, is a scientific discipline that delves into the comprehensive analysis of animals and their biology, behavior, physiology, genetics, evolution, ecology, and classification.

A List Of Potential Research Topics In Zoology:

Exploring the genetics of venom production in venomous snakes and spiders.
Investigating the migration routes and navigation mechanisms of migratory birds.
Assessing the behavioral adaptations of urban-dwelling raccoons to human environments.
Analyzing the mechanisms of mimicry and camouflage in prey-predator interactions.
Investigating the role of pheromones in mate recognition and reproduction in insects.
Exploring the coevolutionary relationships between bats and their prey insects.
Exploring the resilience and adaptability of wildlife populations in response to COVID-19-related changes.
Investigating the effects of the pandemic on human-wildlife conflicts and coexistence.
Understanding the implications of altered tourism on wildlife and their habitats post-pandemic.
Investigating climate change’s impact on North American songbirds’ migratory patterns.
Analyzing the genetics of coloration and camouflage in chameleons and octopuses.
Assessing the physiological adaptations of deep-sea creatures to extreme hydrostatic pressures.
Investigating the role of gut microbiota in herbivorous mammals’ digestion and nutrient absorption.
Examining the physiological adaptations of extremophilic microorganisms in hot springs.
An extensive review of the evolutionary and ecological significance of animal mating systems.
Assessing the effects of deforestation on the population dynamics of Amazonian primates.
Assessing the effects of climate change on the nesting success of sea turtles.
Exploring the interplay between host-virus interactions in zoology and virology .
Analyzing the evolutionary history and phylogenetics of marsupial mammals in Australia.
A review of the ethical considerations in animal experimentation and research.
Understanding the effects of invasive species on native UK wildlife and ecosystems.
Examining the effects of temperature fluctuations on the reproductive success of reptiles.
Analyzing the effects of climate change on the breeding success of Antarctic seabirds.
Analyzing the effects of habitat disturbance on the behavior and physiology of birds of prey.
Examining the coevolutionary arms race between parasites and their fish hosts.
Assessing the physiological adaptations of desert animals to extreme heat and aridity.
Analyzing the impact of urbanization on the behavior and population dynamics of urban birds.
Exploring the role of song learning in communication among songbirds.
Investigating the relationship between climate change and the phenology of flowering plants in the UK.
Evaluating the role of wildlife in the transmission and persistence of novel pathogens post-COVID-19.
Analyzing the impact of light pollution on nocturnal behaviors of UK wildlife.
Examining the reproductive strategies and mate choice in Antarctic krill.
Assessing the impact of human disturbance on the nesting behavior of shorebirds.
Assessing the role of citizen science in monitoring and conserving UK insect populations.
Analyzing the genetic diversity of endangered marine turtle populations in the Pacific Ocean.
Analyzing the reproductive strategies and mating systems in marine crustaceans.
A meta-analysis of the effects of pollutants on marine life and ecosystems.
Analyzing the effects of habitat degradation on the feeding ecology of African elephants.
An in-depth analysis of the challenges and opportunities in wildlife reintroduction programs.
Investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on wildlife behavior and ecology.
Exploring the impact of pollution on the immune system of aquatic invertebrates.
A comprehensive review of the microbiome of various animal species and its implications for health and ecology.
Examining the reproductive strategies and parental care in seahorses and pipefish.
Assessing the effects of lockdown measures on urban wildlife populations.
Exploring the role of scent marking in territorial behavior among carnivorous mammals.
Analyzing the foraging behavior and diet specialization of marine mammals in the Arctic.
Assessing the ecological implications of invasive species on native reptile populations in the Everglades.
Assessing the physiological adaptations of Arctic marine mammals to cold-water environments.
Exploring the role of chemical cues in predator avoidance in aquatic prey species.
Investigating the evolution of flightlessness in island-dwelling birds.
Examining the social organization and communication in primate societies.
Analyzing the role of scent cues in navigation and homing behavior in sea turtles.
Assessing the effects of anthropogenic noise on marine mammal communication.
Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on conservation efforts and protected areas management.
Assessing the role of symbiotic microbes in the digestive systems of herbivorous insects.
Investigating the role of bioluminescence in deep-sea ecosystems and its ecological significance.
Assessing the conservation status and habitat preferences of UK bat species.
Comparative analysis of biodiversity conservation strategies in zoology and area studies .
Examining the effects of agricultural practices on UK soil fauna and ecosystem health.
Investigating the genetic diversity and population dynamics of endangered species in the UK.
Examining the evolutionary adaptations of deep-sea creatures to extreme hydrothermal conditions.
Investigating the impact of light pollution on nocturnal behavior and navigation in bats.
Exploring the mating strategies and sexual selection in African savanna ungulates.
Understanding the implications of Brexit on wildlife conservation policies and initiatives in the UK.
Examining changes in animal migration patterns due to reduced human activity during the pandemic.
A systematic review of the role of zoos in wildlife conservation and education.
Analyzing the coevolutionary relationships between parasites and their avian hosts.
Assessing the effects of climate change on the distribution of alpine plant-eating insects.
Assessing the effects of habitat fragmentation on the genetic diversity of terrestrial mammals.
Investigating the ecological consequences of invasive plant species on herbivorous insects.
Analyzing the effects of climate change on UK bird migration patterns and behavior.
Investigating the impact of pollution on the health of urban bird populations.
Investigating the role of cultural transmission in tool use among primates.
A comprehensive review of animal behavior in response to climate change.
Investigating the impact of ocean acidification on the physiology and behavior of coral reef fish.
A critical analysis of the impact of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
Investigating the influence of social hierarchy on stress levels in primates.
Assessing the role of microbiota in the immune response of fish to pathogens.
Analyzing the relationship between air pollution reduction during COVID-19 and its influence on wildlife health.
Investigating the genetics of longevity and aging in long-lived tortoises and whales.

In conclusion, venturing into the realm of Zoology for thesis or dissertation research offers many captivating opportunities across diverse academic levels. Whether at the undergraduate, master’s, or doctoral level, students can delve into exciting topics such as animal behavior, evolutionary biology, marine biology, genetics, ecology, and more. These research domains beckon scholars to explore, innovate, and contribute to the ever-evolving field of Zoology, enriching our understanding of the fascinating world of animals and the intricate ecosystems they inhabit.

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[100+] Zoology Research Topics For College Students With Free [Thesis Pdf] 2023

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Research Topic For Zoology 2023

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145 Zoology Essay Topics

🏆 best essay topics on zoology, 👍 good zoology research topics & essay examples, 🌶️ hot zoology ideas to write about, ✍️ zoology essay topics for college, 💡 simple zoology essay ideas, 📌 easy zoology essay topics, ❓ zoology essay questions.

Animals Division and Classification
Actinopterygii: The Evolution of Ray-Finned Fishes
Symbiotic Relationship Between Cleaner Gobies and Fish
Animal Behavior of a Snake
Teacup Dogs: Appearance, History, Health Complications, Art
Watching Animals at the Zoo
Anatomy, Physiology, and Living Habitats of Red Panda
Nature Versus Nurture in Dog Aggression The notion that dogs are responsible for their aggression and the stereotyping of some breeds based on this assumption is misguided.
The Turtle-Headed Sea Snake’s Habitation Areas The paper aims to know the exact areas that turtle-headed sea snakes inhabit and quantify the number of such species within that vicinity.
Giraffe Neck as Result of Sexual Selection The paper reviews giraffe’s evolutions theories and compares their relevance. It concludes that sexual selection theory offers a better explanation for long necks in giraffes.
Skull Evolution in the Rhinocerotidae: Phylogeny of Early Rhinocerotoids Modern rhinos with a pointed upper lip and a two-horned African rhino with a wide rectangular mouth, are pitiful remnants of a rich in species group of mammals.
A Peacock Spider’s Mating Rituals and Reproduction This report will cover the mating rituals and all other aspects of the reproductive cycle of a peacock spider.
Octopuses: The Reproductive Process Octopuses are oviparous animals, which means that they lay the eggs outside their body. The female octopus’ mission is to produce viable eggs and ensure that its children come out.
Kakapo Should Be Urgently Saved from Extinction This paper aims to investigate the rationale of specific measures to support the statement: kakapo should be urgently saved from extinction.
The Impact of Physical, Chemical, and Biological Agents on Marine Mammals The development of ecosystems is affected by various physical, biological, and chemical agents, and these effects can be both positive and negative.
Horse Population, Evolution, and Physiology The evolution of horses occurred over a period of 55 million years. By analyzing bones and DNA of the ancient horses, we are able to get an idea about their origins.
Becoming a Cat Owner Getting a pet cat might sound very easy – and, it fact, it is – but it is the process of becoming its owner that might need some practice. Some guidelines might be of great use.
How to Groom Your Pet? Dogs need to have good hygienic care. The dog owner can learn how to groom his or her dog. There are professional groomers whose sole responsibility in life is to groom dogs at a fee.
Turdus Migratorius, American Robin The American Robin is also known as Turdus migratorius is a medium-sized migratory songbird that belongs to the “thrush” genus.
Sexual Reproduction: Advantages and Disadvantages Although sexual reproduction can bring some shortcomings of the parents into the next generation, it tends to favor positive traits.
Reptiles and How They Fit in Their Phylum Reptiles are a large class of animals consisting of thousands of species and have common features, including cold blood, dry skin, and eggs for reproduction.
Nagel’s “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”: The Concept of Conscious Experience “What Is It Like To Be A Bat?” uses the bat as an illustration of the ability to understand the mind and body operation and how the bat displays its character during an action.
Feline Mental Health and Separation Anxiety The paper discusses feline mental health based on separation anxiety, behavioral categories, significant symptoms, risk factors, and implications.
Psychological Well-Being of Captive Animals and Types of Enrichment The psychological well-being of captive animals is essential from a moral point of view and because of the animal’s physical condition.
Grey Squirrels: Fieldwork Observations The presented observations of grey squirrels’ behavior might be implemented for estimating animal intelligence and cognition.
Chihuahua and a Pitbull as a House Pet: Comparison The Chihuahua and the Pitbulls can be safely kept as house pets, provided the required amount of exercise and correct training and handling are given regularly and from the puppy stage.
Consciousness and Emotions in Animals The paper indicates that animals can sense and respond to external factors and experience emotions generated in their neural system.
Hawksbill Turtle Scientific Description Hawksbill is a sea turtle named after their narrow, pointed beak resembling that of a hawk, and they use it to find food from cracks and crevices.
Florida Wildlife: Burmese Python Burmese Python feed on other animal species such as birds, crocodiles, and mammals. This type of snake is common in South Florida in the Everglades National Park.
Geladas: Habitat and Causes of Extinction Geladas are large-sized monkeys with massive jaw parts and long brown fur. They live in the high mountains and descend to search for some grass and plants.
Analysis of Sea Lampreys Problem Sea lampreys reduce the fish population, which affects the livelihoods of people. They negatively influence economic activities such as tourism and fishing in lakes.
Marsupials: Evolutionary History, Key Features, and Ecological Role This paper discusses marsupials to present a phylogeny of their in-group and out-group taxa, key features that unite the clade, ecological roles played by some of these features.
Bonobos’ Sexual Receptivity and Social Behaviour This researcher intends to confirm the behavior patterns of the bonobos. The behaviors in relationship to sociosexual patterns are being assessed.
The North Carolina Zoo Animal Management The North Carolina Zoo is concerned about the animal’s natural environment and it has a project of expanding rhinoceros exhibit at a cost of $6 million.
Horses as Pampered Prisoners in Henderson’s Book While horses do not experience direct abuse, their seemingly favorable living conditions result in psychological and physiological suffering for today’s sport horses.
Should Apartments Ban Dogs Based on Breed? This paper argues that apartments should ban dogs based on breed as a step forward to curbing bite-related cases by specific vicious breeds.
Feline Mental Health and Separation-Related Problems Physical health in cats has been a very commonly reviewed topic. But it also sparks discussions regarding feline mental health.
Cause and Clinical Characteristics of Rib Fractures in Cats Nontraumatic rib fractures are more common in cats with diseases that induce prolonged respiratory effort or coughing, metabolic conditions, or certain neoplasms.
Blue Macaws: How to Prevent Their Extinction? The blue macaws preferred plain vegetation: single tall trees, thorny shrubs, groves of palm trees, forest belts, and river banks.
“Diet Choice and the Functional Response of Beavers” by Fryxell and Doucet “Diet Choice and the Functional Response of Beavers” by Fryxell and Doucet explores how the beaver diet would change under the influence of the local environment.
Aspects of Waterfowl Monitoring The paper states that for monitoring waterfowl within particular wetland areas identified on the attached map, twenty-four sites will be chosen.
Ornithology: Annotated Bibliography The authors conduct a profound literature review that seeks to explain the antecedents of this practice and present their investigation results.
“Resistance of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Prions to Inactivation”: Article Summary This article aims to define the patterns of inactivation of the infectious proteins known as “prions” of bovine spongiform encephalopathy from cattle, mice, hamsters, and humans.
Witless Bay Seabird Ecological Reserve Management Witless Bay Seabird Ecological Reserve seeks to protect the seabird species from various risks and preserve the existence of special breeds.
The Process of Excretion in Rodents This paper focuses on the process of excretion in rodents, aiming to synthesize and evaluate the current body of academic knowledge.
Costs and Benefits of Being Honest Among Non-Human Primates Species typically live in groups where they should involve in cooperation with other living creatures for feeding, breeding, and others.
“Modus Ponens”: Horses Should Have Pink Hair This paper argues that horses should have pink hair. It argues for this conclusion via the deductive form called “modus ponens.”
Natural Migration to Bring Wolves Back to Colorado Not all communities, as well as animals, are ready for artificial reintroduction, and Colorado needs to open its doors for wolves naturally, with all related pros and cons.
Modern-Day Chimpanzee and Ancestor Comparison In this paper, the organism of focus will be the Modern-day Chimpanzee. It is also referred to as chimp, robust chimpanzee, or common chimpanzee.
Should Wolves Come Back to Colorado? The article’s aim is expected to prove that grey wolves coming back may have a number of benefits for the citizens, the state, and the country in general.
Scientific Taxonomy and Earths Biodiversity Ruscha’s rat and giant panda were selected for the analysis of mammals. The similar features of all the mammals are shared among all the species
Nutrition for Gorillas at the National Zoo The National Zoo is situated along Connecticut Avenue in Washington, D.C. This essay discusses nutrition for gorillas at the National Zoo.
Defining and Measuring Biodiversity The biodiversity factor should be taken into consideration to breed animals successfully and prevent them from becoming extinct.
Anatomy, Physiology, and Living Habitats of Tanuki Tanuki, also called the Japanese Racoon Dog, is a subspecies of the Asian Racoon Dog. It belongs in the Canid family, with their close relatives being wolves, foxes, and domestic dogs
Why the King Salmon Population Keeps Getting Smaller Human impact on landscapes and ecosystems, combined with fishing and the increase in the number of other fish, is negatively influencing the populations of chinook salmon.
Sharks Characteristics Analysis: Danger of Extinction If the sharks disappear from our oceans, a catastrophic imbalance shall occur and affect the human food supply chain as well as the ocean ecosystem.
Implicit Memory: Animal Observation The focal point of this paper is to enumerate the observation of an animal outside the class in relation to a concept of general psychology.
Resource Value Effects Territorial Defense by Broad-Tailed and Rufous Hummingbirds The species apply expensive territorial behavior to defend its territory. The defending mechanism may change of the quality of resource changes.
Primate Behavior: Observing and Comparing Observing and comparing primate behavior to humans sheds new light on the evolutionary theory by highlighting important connections between our behavior and primates.
How Dogs Respond to Hugging? Comparing the article and newspaper story, we can find some similarities. First, both these are devoted to the same issue and describe how dogs respond to hugging.
The Threat to Gharial Crocodiles in Protected Areas Fishing, agriculture, sand mining, and water extraction for irrigation are a few activities that pose threats to the crocodiles in the protected areas.
Teat Dipping and Milk Iodine Concentrations in Dairy Cows The review gives approaches to optimal udder preparation practices before and after milking to obtain high-quality milk.
Primates and Their Defining Characteristics Primates are the group of mammals. This group consists of such animals as monkeys, lemurs, and apes. Humans are primates too.
Birds Starvation and Death in Alaska The article Thousands of Birds Found Dead along Alaskan Shoreline by Seth Kovar and Steve Almasy addresses the death of the birds in Alaska because of starvation.
Bonobos and Common Chimps Comparison Common chimps and bonobos differ in a number of ways. This paper looks at the similarities and differences that exist between bonobos and common chimps.
Metabolic Power Budgeting and Adaptive Strategies in Zoology: Examples From Scallops and Fish
The Importance of Zoology to Medical Science
A Problem of Zoological Taxonomy: Why Is the Cassowary Not a Bird?
Quantitative Zoology: Numerical Concepts and Methods in the Study of Recent and Fossil Animals
The Type-Concept in Zoology During the First Half of the 19th Century
Research Strategies to Improve Honeybee Health in Europe
New Concepts and Methods for Phylogenetic Taxonomy and Nomenclature in Zoology
A New Bleaching and Decalcifying Method for General Use in Zoology
Zoology Students’ Experiences of Collaborative Enquiry in Problem-Based Learning
The Relationship Between College Zoology Students’ Beliefs About Evolutionary Theory and Religion
How Technology Can Be Used to Enhance Zoological Parks
The Changing Roles of Zoological Parks in Conserving Biological Diversity
Resolving a Zoological Mystery: The Kouprey Is a Real Species
Situating and Teaching 21st Century Zoology: Revealing Pattern in the Form and Function of Animals
Concepts and Issues With Interspecies Scaling in Zoological Pharmacology
Deer Antlers: A Zoological Curiosity or the Key to Understanding Organ Regeneration in Mammals?
Marine Invertebrate Diversity in Aristotle’s Zoology
Anatomical Information Content in the Ediacaran Fossils and Their Possible Zoological Affinities
Species and “Strange Species” in Zoology: Do We Need a Unified Concept of Species?
Zoological Considerations on the Origins of Farming and Domestication
The Domestic Cat: The Biology of Its Behavior
Local Variations in the Response of Birds to Human Presence in Urban Areas
Concept-Driven Teaching and Assessment in Invertebrate Zoology
DNA Fingerprinting in Zoology: Past, Present, Future
Why Do Species Exist in Zoology: Insights From Sexuals and Asexuals
The Movement to Curtail Animal Dissections in Zoology Curriculum
Studying the History of Pre-modern Zoology With Linked Data and Vocabularies
Behavior as a Tool in the Assessment of Animal Welfare
Zoological Diagnostics of Soils: Imperatives, Purposes, and Place Within Soil Zoology and Pedology
Climate Change and Invasive Species: Double Jeopardy
Amphibians in Zoos: A Global Approach on Distribution Patterns of Threatened Amphibians in Zoological Collections
The Meaning of Object Permanence at Different Zoological Levels
Some Recent Advances in Zoology and Their Relation to Present-Day Problems
Social Competition and Its Consequences in Female Mammals
Animal Learning and Memory: An Integration of Cognition and Zoology
Concept of Scientific Wildlife Conservation and Its Dissemination
Zoology: The Hidden History of the American Western Horse
Innovation in Teaching and Learning Invertebrate Zoology in Remote and Online Classrooms
Current Perspectives on Curriculum Needs in Zoological Medicine
Innate Immunity Receptors in the Perspective of Zoological Research
Big City Life: Carnivores in Urban Environments
Zoology Meets Botany: Establishing Intracellular Organelles by Endosymbiosis
Progress in the Zoology and Conservation of Giant Pandas
Comparison of the Genomes of Human and Mouse Lays the Foundation of Genome Zoology
Bounds of Diversity: Queer Zoology in Europe From Aristotle to John Hunter
The Thermal Ecology and Zoology of Reptiles & Amphibians
An Overview of Crustacean Discoveries and New Perspectives on Deep-Sea Zoology and Biogeography
Marine Zooceuticals: Synergy of Zoology & Pharmaceuticals
From Seabed to World Wide Web: Marine Zoological Sampling, Data Processing, and Production of Digital Marine Faunas
Zoology: Its History, Branches, Importance, and Applications
How Has Zoology Changed Over Time?
Is Zoology an Exact Science?
What Is the Importance of Ritualization in Zoology?
Is Animal Science Considered Zoology?
What Is the Difference Between Zoology and Botany?
What Are the Subdisciplines of Zoology?
How Does Evolution Relate to Zoology?
What Is the Meaning of the Term Zoology in Biological Studies?
How Are Zoology and Marine Biology Related?
Why Is Cytology Important in the Study of Zoology?
What Is Fieldwork in Zoology For?
How Many Different Branches of Zoology Are There?
What Is Urban Zoology?
How Is Zoology Related to Other Specializations?
What Is Symmetry and Its Types in Zoology?
Why Is Aristotle the Father of Zoology?
Why Was Charles Darwin Important to Zoology?
How Many Types of Zoology Are There?
What Is Differentiation in Zoology?
Does Zoology Study Animals With Radial Symmetry?
What Is Intraspecific Competition in Zoology?
Is the Existence of Undiscovered Species Possible in Zoology?
What Is an Example of Heterosis in Zoology?
What Is the Purpose of Zoology?
What Is the Function of the Pallial Sinus in Zoology?
Do Dinosaurs Fit in the Category of Zoology?
What Is the Difference Between Zoology and Veterinary Medicine?
What Are the Biological Principles of Zoology?
How Are Zoology and Ecology Related?
What Is the Significance of Zoology for Medicine?

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StudyCorgi . "145 Zoology Essay Topics." May 18, 2023. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/zoology-essay-topics/.

StudyCorgi . 2023. "145 Zoology Essay Topics." May 18, 2023. https://studycorgi.com/ideas/zoology-essay-topics/.

These essay examples and topics on Zoology were carefully selected by the StudyCorgi editorial team. They meet our highest standards in terms of grammar, punctuation, style, and fact accuracy. Please ensure you properly reference the materials if you’re using them to write your assignment.

This essay topic collection was updated on December 27, 2023 .

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100 Zoology Dissertation Topic

List of 100 zoology msc, phd dissertation topic ideas.

Earthly life is studied in biology and zoology. In the context of this field, invertebrates and vertebrates are researched, along with their morphology, the physiologic underpinnings of their lifestyles, geographic distribution, origin, categorization, function in the biosphere and in human existence, and techniques for intravital observation.

Therefore, regardless of the level of accreditation of the educational institution, zoology dissertations are crucial for students of many disciplines. The student learns to emphasise the key details in the subject of zoology, explain these details succinctly, and thoroughly research a particular issue while writing, reading, and memorising this work. Teachers or students themselves may select the themes for their dissertations.

It takes a lot of time and effort to thoroughly research the topics in the field of zoology. Numerous subjects and issues can be researched in biology and zoology. For your consideration, we've chosen the subjects that are both theoretically and practically intriguing. In the section below, we'll explain how to pick the ideal theme.

How Should You Choose the Best Zoology Dissertation Topic?

Since the topic must satisfy several requirements, choosing a topic for a zoology dissertation is always one of the most difficult phases for a student. Relevance, information correctness, absence of abstractness, accessibility of freshness, and elaboration are a few examples. Check your dissertation topic for all of the aforementioned if you have chosen an intriguing subject.

We suggest that you rephrase the topic for the best outcomes. By doing this, you may focus on a smaller region of the problem, which will make future work easier and save time. Let's use an illustration. It is far simpler to produce a strong student paper that touches on intractable basic scientific questions than it is to compose a solid dissertation on the subject of zoology with a specific item or problem in the title. Make writing your dissertation as easy as possible for yourself.

Additionally, you may ask our support gurus for assistance if you are unable to select a theme on your own. A professional will advise you on a topic that will be beneficial, timely, and in demand for you during your university studies or assist you in selecting the ideal topic.

Topics for Zoology Dissertations

Aristotle and his views on animals Classification of animals (Aristotle, Linnaeus, Lamarck, Cuvier).
Reconstruction of the invertebrate phylogeny. Modern methods.
Ctenophores are life forms.
Worms with cephalopod bodies.
Polychaete reproduction and growth
The importance of oligochaetes in improving soil fertility.
Leeches have therapeutic properties.
Torsion mechanism in gastropods.
A subkingdom is a contemporary notion. Protists of medicinal importance
The discovery of trichoplax and the origin of multicellular creatures. Its importance in comprehending the development of multicellular creatures.
Body symmetry in invertebrates.
Adaptation of mollusks with lamellar gills to the passive lifestyle of biofilters.
Organ and organ system formation in non-intestinal turbellaria.
Human trematodes and cestodoses
Non-helminths, geohelminths, and biohelminths Cycles of development
Cephalopods are marine primates.
The appearance of arthropods on land.
A wide range of crustaceans. Crustaceans that are parasitic.
The origin of insect mouthparts.
Proto-arthropods. Diversity is vital for understanding arthropod evolution.

20 Excellent Zoology Dissertation Topics

Parasitic flagellates and parasitic sarcode organisms Are they pathogens that cause human and animal diseases?
Flagellates with a plant type of exchange and flagellates with an animal type of exchange
Sporozoans as protozoal disease causing agents in humans and animals
There are several types of Infusoria.
Protozoa radiation in the environment
Theories of how multicellular creatures evolved.
Creeping is a systematic variant of the type.
The comb type's general features.
The Flatworm type's ecological diversity.
Ecto- and endoparasitism in multicellular organisms as the emergence of new microbiotopes Parasite classifications.
Nematodes are the most common pathogens in humans and domestic animals.
Rotifer morpho-ecological characteristics
Mollusks' adaptive radiation results in the assimilation of numerous environments. Mollusk ecological radiation in nutritional processes.
Characteristics of the Polyplacophora and Monoplacophora classes.
Cephalopod organisation characteristics.
Annelid diversity and ecological features Adaptive radiation and macrosystem type
The primitive characteristics of trilobite organisation.
Xiphosura class general features (Horseshoe crabs).
The practical utility of arachnids includes toxic arachnids, parasites, and infection vectors in humans and domestic animals.
The system of interconnected arthropod adaptations to terrestrial life.

20 Fascinating Zoology Dissertation Topics

Insects take flight. Insects' medicinal significance
Insects are considered agricultural pests.
Various needle-skinned creatures
Vestimentifera and Pogonophora
Bryozoans and their significance
Brachiopods serve as guiding fossils.
Invertebrate phylogeny.
Plant protection by biological means.
Arachnids of several types.
Ticks have medicinal importance.
Anatomical comparison of the vertebrate circulatory system.
The evolution theory: issues concerning evolution.
Protists: notion and medicinal importance
Anatomical comparison of the vertebrate musculoskeletal system.
Crustacean reproduction, development, and life cycles Crustacean parasitism adaptation.
Myriapoda superclass general features
Anatomical comparison of the vertebrate genitourinary system.
Anatomical comparison of the vertebrate nervous system.
The Earth's life. In zoology, species and speciation. Classification of animals
Definition and zoological notions of anthropogenesis

20 Ideas for Zoology Dissertations

Insect habitat diversity and taxonomic diversity
Insect morphofunctional characteristics that offered a complex of adaptations to the terrestrial existence.
Cyclostomes have primitive characters, specialisation, and unique features linked with a parasitic existence.
Tunicata or Urochordata subtype systematic diversity
Chordate origin theories include Garstang's theory and Severtsov's theory. Chordate ancestors and their way of life.
Tunicates' biology and ecology as an adaptation to a primarily sedentary existence.
Ecological classes of fish based on food type and feeding strategies.
Cystophera and lungfishes have been proposed as probable ancestors of amphibians.
The major groupings of ancient and current echinoderm species.
Echinoderm embryonic development, major larval forms, and metamorphosis
Systematic variation in bony fish (Osteichthyes).
Amphibian adaptation to the growth of the ground-air ecosystem.
The main taxonomic groupings of amphibians, their representatives, structural characteristics, dietary ecology, and reproduction.
Reptile taxonomic categories, representatives, structural traits, nutrition ecology, and reproduction.
Birds' morphological and physiological adaptations to flying. Modern bird classification system.
Symmetry in invertebrates.
Mammals evolved from animal-like reptiles. The contemporary Mammal classification scheme.
The major paleochronological stages in the development of animals.
Evolution and Development of Multicellular Organisms
Dinosaurs, Ichthyosaurs, Plesiosaurs, and Pterosaurs are extinct reptile groups.

20 Zoology Dissertation Topics

Parasites: general traits, human importance Turbellaria in the intestine.
Chordates: an explanation of the species, structure, and characteristics of life. Chordates are the sensory organs.
Reptiles: structural characteristics, life, and habitat
Vertebrates: structural characteristics, categorization
Fish that are round, cartilaginous, and bony.
Invertebrates' circulatory, genitourinary, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems.
Crustaceans: environment, structure, and parasite examples
An summary of numerous instances of avian structure.
Arthropods: environment and life characteristics
Subtypes include skulls and tunicates.
Human thermodoses and cestodoses People value them.
Cephalopods, polychaetes, geohelminths, and biohelminths are all types of worms. Leeches are used in medicine.
Cephalopods: species description, key traits
Arachnids: anatomies and classifications
The animal kingdom's phylogeny.
Vertebrate respiratory organs Vertebrate skull and circulatory system
Mammals: characteristics, structure, and comparative anatomical investigation of two representatives
Fish and amphibian skin. Primary water and vertebrate digestive systems
Definition and description of anamnias and amniotes.

Finish Your Conclusion

During your university education, you can explore many more zoological themes and learn new things. The themes of students' independent work might be adjusted or augmented depending on the curriculum.

It's conceivable that you're drawn to challenging questions and unresolved issues. In this instance, keep in mind that time is not on your side. The dissertation has been in the works for a long time. Perhaps it is better to postpone a more difficult topic for the future and instead write a term paper or an article for a scientific publication.

It makes no difference whether your abstract topic was picked independently or from a list. The teacher will most likely know the solution to any questions you have and will assist you in avoiding mistakes when drafting the abstract. Furthermore, if you have already picked a topic but are unsure of your talents or capabilities, you may always seek assistance from our dissertation writing service pros. After submitting a brief application, you may be confident that your dissertation will be produced efficiently, swiftly, and on time. We are always available to assist you!

Frequently asked questions

How do i choose a dissertation topic for zoology .

Animal-related theories were put forth by Aristotle.
reconstruction of the invertebrate phylogeny.
the idea of a subkingdom in modern times.
the discovery of trichoplax, as well as the creation of multicellular creatures.
the symmetry of an insect's body.
Ctenophores have life forms.

Which topic is best for PhD in zoology ?

The most fascinating subjects that might be beneficial to you in college are listed below.

Transport and communication between cells throughout development.
Salmonid population dynamics and history.
The sub-Antarctic penguins' past breeding patterns.
Honey bee dopamine regulation
development of parasites.

Which topic is best for dissertation ?

Here are 3 excellent dissertation topics.

Internet influence on pupils' social and spiritual values.
One of an educational organization's primary goals should be to promote a democratic culture among teenagers.
High school students' cultural autonomy in the social studies and humanities curriculum.

What are the topics in zoology ?

Some modules you could take include:

Evolution and extinction.
the primates' psyche.
laboratory expertise.
Cellular control and genes.
aquatic biology.
Animal conduct.
parasites, illness, and immunity.
life and evolution's patterns.

What is the best course after BSc zoology ?

Certificate Programs Following a BS in Zoology.

Forensics of wildlife.
Animal Science.
conservation and primatology.
Animal welfare: ethics and the law.
Management of the environment.
Photography.
maintaining zoos.
Journalism.

Which university is better for zoology ?

California State University, Santa Barbara

Can you do PhD after MSc zoology ?

Yes, you may pursue a Ph.D. in zoology after earning your MSc. For the MSc in Zoology, you must receive a 55%. You must take the Ph. D entrance exam offered by the University, and admission will be granted based on your performance on the test.

Which subject is best for MSc zoology ?

Candidates with a strong background in biochemistry, animal biodiversity, cell, and molecular biology, ecology, physiology, and environment management are required for the MSc in zoology program. These topics make up some of the most crucial concept-building components of the zoology curriculum.

Which is better zoology or botany ?

If you are more interested in plants, you should major in botany, and if you are more interested in animal life, you should major in zoology.

What is scope of zoology ?

A candidate with a master's degree in zoology has a wide range of opportunities. They can serve as veterinarians, forensic scientists, lab technicians, zoology academics, wildlife educators, conservationists, wildlife biologists, zoo curators, and animal behaviorists.

Is a degree in zoology worth it ?

Graduates may find employment in academia or private sector, but many go on to further their education in order to develop the specific skills needed for their chosen vocations. Jobs as wildlife scientists or park rangers are available at the entry-level. Working with wildlife conservation groups or animal shelters is also very common.

Is zoology a good career ?

For people who are eager to learn about biodiversity and willing to take on difficulties, it is a wonderful career choice.

Which is better chemistry or zoology ?

Compared to zoology and botany, chemistry has a wider application. Go for zoology and botany if you want to pursue a career in teaching and research, but you have more options in chemistry to work in the pharmaceutical, chemical, and food production industries as well as in teaching and research.

What are the project topics for zoology undergraduate students ?

Animal virus.
Growth of the skeletal system.
Assembly of cells in embryos.
Central Nervous System Synapses
Biology of Behavior.
Biological system interactions.

When did zoology begin ?

12th century

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Current Zoology (formerly Acta Zoologica Sinica, founded in 1935) is an open access, bimonthly, peer-reviewed international journal of zoology. It publishes review articles and research papers in the fields of ecology, evolution and behaviour.

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Current zoology selected for the stm journal excellence action plan.

We are delighted that Current Zoology has been selected from among 5,000 others as one of the 29 Key Journals in the Action Plan for the Excellence of Chinese STM Journals . The Action Plan, organised by seven administrative departments in China, including the China Association for Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, aims to enhance the academic quality of Chinese STM journals, so as to achieve a world-class standard in publishing.

Prize for Outstanding Editor

The Executive Editor of Current Zoology , Dr. Zhiyun Jia, was named a recipient of a Chinese Governmental Prize for Publishing in the Outstanding Editors category in an announcement made by the State Administration of Press , Publication, Radio, Film and Television of the People's Republic of China (SAPPRFT) on 17th January 2018. There are over 5000 Science and Technology Journals in China and Dr. Zhiyun Jia is one of the two journal editors who beat their peers to receive this award. The Chinese Government Prize for Publishing is the most recognised award in the field of press and publication in China, and has been awarded triennially by SAPPRFT since 2005. Awardees include outstanding press, publishing houses, publishing professionals, and publications.

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Current Zoology was named one of the National Top 100 Science and Technology Journals in 2017 in an announcement made by the State Administration of Press , Publication, Radio, Film and Television of the People's Republic of China (SAPPRFT) on 2nd March 2018. This National Top 100 Journals selection event has been organised every other year by SAPPRFT since 2013, with the aim of encouraging high-quality research and publishing activities.

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General resources.

Welcome to the Smithsonian Libraries and Archives' Vertebrate Zoology Research Guide. This is a select list of freely-available resources for students, teachers, and researchers to learn about vertebrate zoology. Please feel free to Contact Us with suggestions for additional resources or with questions.

National Museum of Natural History Department of Vertebrate Zoology : Website for the Smithsonian divisions which work on Fishes, Amphibians and Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals that provide information about Smithonsian research being done and collections.
Vertebrate Zoology Libraries : Four satellite Smithsonian libraries for Amphibians & Reptiles and Fishes, Birds, and Mammals with a collection of around 56,000 volumes. The libraries focus on the taxonomy, anatomy and physiology, ecology, and evolution of their respective subject groups.
Natural History Research Guide : General reserach guide for the Natural History Library featuring links to all Natural History libraries and related subject guides within the Smithsonian.
Index Animalium : Digital version of Charles David Sherborn's Index Animalium , a 9,000-page compendium of zoological taxonomic species nomenclature from 1758 to 1850.
Mammal Species of the World : Searchable online version of Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder 2005 reference work Mammal Species of the World, managed by Bucknell University in collaboration with the Smithsonian and the Society of American Mammologists.
Smithsonian Ocean Portal : Website collecting information about ocean life, ecosystems, and conservation, as well as providing details about current and former Smithsonian exhibits related to the ocean.
Whales - From Bone to Book : Digital Exhibition from the Smithsonian Libraries including whale bone illustrations, a digitized book collection, and full text articles from Smithsonian scholars.
Beaked Whale Identification Guide : Guide to help identify stranded beaked whales using geography, their skull, and other external features.
Science Teaching Resources (Life Science ) : Collection of Life Science related lessons, activities, literacy resources, and videos from the Department of Education at the National Museum of Natural History.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System : Taxonomic database searchable by scientific and common names maintained through a partnership of U.S., Canadian, and Mexican federal agencies including the Smithsonian.
Databases for Science Research : List of science research databases from the Smithsonian Libraries. Many of the databases are free access, but others require users to be onsite at a Smithsonian library or have Smithsonian network access.
Biodiversity Heritage Library : Online library featuring open access legacy literature from the Smithsonian Libraries and a consortium of other natural history and botanical libraries.
Encyclopedia of Life : Based on the idea of a webpage for every species, this multilingual resource provides multimedia information about a large subsection of life on earth.
Mammal Diversity Database : Online database from the American Society of Mammologists featuring information about mammal taxonomies and biodiversity with a focus on recent taxonomic revisions and species description changes.
Global Mammal Richness Grids : Distribution maps of mammal species including global and continent-wide mapswith datasets ranging from all mammals to only those which are considered critically endangered.
American Society of Mammologists Image Library : Browsable collection of mammal images from the American Society of Mammalogists.
eSkeletons : Interactive site from University of Texas at Austin which allows for exploration of the skeletal anatomy of species such as humans, gibbons, and lemurs.
Comparative Mammalian Brain Collections : Online collection of brain specimens from over 100 mammalian species, including many photographs of the specimens and information about brain circuitry , development , and evolution .
Bat Conservation International – Bats play a crucial role in pollination, seed dispersal, and pest control. BCI partners with national agencies to promote conservation efforts through research and education .
Elephant Managers Association – Members can access a Husbandry database and Enrichment database.
All About Birds : Guide to birds and bird watching from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology . It features a searchable database of birds including life history, habitat maps, identification information and a recording of their call, as well as articles from Living Bird magazine .
Birds of North America : Comprehensive reference featuring expert species accounts of the birds of North America also from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology . The non-subscription version provides a habitat map and life history for each species and the subscription version adds more in-depth information.
Ornithilogical Research Archive : Open access archive of ornithological literature. The archive contains publications from as far back as early 20th Century up to the last decade
Avibase : Online bird database with range, multi-lingual name, and taxonomic information. It includes information for over 11,000 species and 12,000 regions.
The Internet Bird Collection : Audiovisual library of images, sounds, and videos of birds from around the world
Project Passenger Pigeon : Website from the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum that tells the story of the passenger pigeon's dramatic fall from billions in number to extinct in 40 years.
Feather Atlas : Collection of images of birds' flight feathers from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Includes a guide to help identify feathers
U..S Fish and Wildlife Service - Birds : The primary U.S. governmental agency in charge of bird welfare, this U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service site contains information about the Migratory Bird Program and bird management, as well as data about bird populations and migration.
Great Backyard Bird Count : Datasets, images, and sounds from the Great Backyard Bird Count. Resources include results from the counts from 1999 to today, local bird information, and species maps.
American Birding Association : Association of recreational birders in the U.S. They provide birding guides, as well as a regularly updated blog and podcast.
American Bird Conservancy : This western hemisphere bird conservancy organization's site contains information about threats to birds and potential solutions
Avian Society Advisory Group – Associated with the AZA , ASAG supports zoo and aquarium avian programs through meetings, grant funding, and workshops.
BirdLife Australia – Offers publications detailing the organization’s work in bird conservancy across Australia.
International Crane Foundation – The Ron Sauey Memorial Library for Bird Conservation has digital bookshelves website users can peruse.
Kiwis for Kiwi – Dedicated to the conservation of kiwis within their native New Zealand. Provides grant funding, executes research, and partners with the NZ Department of Conservation to extend its mission.

Freshwater and Marine Life

Ocean Biogeographic Information System : Database which includes species taxonomy information, ocean and country biodiversity datasets, and distribution data for marine life.
Census of Marine Life : Website for a ten year project to condeuct a census of marine life. The site includes visualizations and maps of the results, a Google Earth version of the census results, and links to many publications .
World Register of Marine Species : Comprehensive list of the names of marine species, including synonyms. The list is searchable via scientific and common names.
Freshwater and Marine Image Bank : A collection of images related to freshwater and marine subjects from the University of Washington Fisheries-Oceanography Library.
Streamnet : Queryable and downloadable fish and aquatic resource datasets from the U.S. Pacific Northwest provided by the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission.
Fishbase : Multi-lingual database for searching biometric, morphological, and taxonomic information of fish species
International Shark Attack File : The world's only database of scientifically documented, known shark attacks from the Florida Museum of Natural History and the American Elasmobranch Society. The database includes maps, data, and information about shark attack risk.
National Marine Fisheries Service (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association) – Tasked with maintaining the United States’ ocean resources. Provides a blog database searchable by fields such as Region and Species.
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service – Housed within the Department of the Interior, the FWS is concerned with preserving America’s natural resources.

Marine Mammals

Watkins Marine Mammal Sound Database : Collection of over 2000 recordings from more than 60 marine mammal species with geographic and time data, provided by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute.
NOAA - Marine Mammals : Information about all the different marine mammal species under the jurisdiction of the National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration including habitat, distribution, and population trends.
American Catacean Society : Society dedicated to whale, dolphin, and porpoise conservation.
Herpmapper : Crowdsourced site featuring data about sightings of reptile and amphibian species around the globe with over 220,000 records. Sighting data includes date and location information, as well as photographic evidence of the species.
The Reptile Database : Catalog of the over 10,000 living reptile species covering snakes, lizards, turtles, amphisbaenians, tuataras, and crocodiles.
CrocBite : Database of crocodile attacks on humans featuring information about attacks, victims, crocodiles involved, and a searchable map of the attacks.
Amphibian Species of the World : Online reference for information about amphibian species as broken down by taxonomy from the American Museum of Natural History.
AmphibiaWeb : Searchable database with information about biology and conservation for more than 7,500 amphibian species from the University of California, Berkeley.
Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles – Promotes conservation through education, project work, and publications, such as the Journal of Herpetology and Herpetological Review .
VertNet : Vertebrate Database created from FishNet, MaNIS, HerpNET, and ORNIS. VertNet contains over 20,000,000 records from more than 380 collections across all vertebrates.
Animal Diversity Web: Database featuring specimens, images, and recordings of thousands of animal species from the University of Michigan.
Wikispecies : Crowd sourced directory of taxonomic information about living things. Typical entries include family, genus, species, subspecies, and multi-lingual vernacular names.
Index to Oranism Names : Searchable index of millions of scientific names, both fossil and current, from the scientific literature.
Biodiversity Mapping : Collection of map visualizations of bird, mammal, and amphibian biodiversity throughout the world with downloadable datasets.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility : Database for searching open access biodiversity data, especially species occurrence information, from across the world.
BIODIC : Collection of over 1600 biological electron micrographs ranging from scorpion stingers to birch pollen from the Université Libre de Bruxelles.

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v.43(1); 2022 Jan 18

Zoological Research shines in the East

With the long-term support of every friend and contributor, Zoological Research ( ZR ) has continued to move forward over the past year, with impressive achievements. Notably, ZR attained an impact factor of 4.56 (JCR Q1) and CiteScore of 4.6 in mid-2021, thus ranking in the top five of the 175 SCI journals within the Zoology category. In November 2021, our Citescore reached 5.6, and we expect a higher impact factor in 2022 than in 2021. Although we are not driven by chasing these scores, the increase in these metrics does reflect an elevation in the quality of submissions and publications, as well as the march towards our original aspiration when launching this journal ( Yao et al., 2019 ). The current areas of focus of ZR (i.e., primate and animal models; animal diversity and evolution; conservation & utilization of animal resources) are not only tightly connected to our host – the Kunming Institute of Zoology, which has grown and evolved into “ a comprehensive research institution renowned for its remarkable achievements in evolutionary mechanisms of animal biodiversity, animal resources protection, and sustainable utilization ” ( Yao & Shen, 2019 ) – but also represent the very frontiers of zoology.

Globally, 2020 and 2021 were tough years due to the continuing COVID-19 pandemic. However, with dedicated and focused research from submitting authors, ZR published a variety of important and timely studies over the past two years on a broad range of topics. Several studies on COVID-19, e.g., Yu et al. ( 2020 ) and Gómez-Carballa et al. ( 2020 ), received wide attention in the field and were scored as Hot Papers according to the Web of Science in June 2021. Similarly, another five ZR papers ( Li et al., 2020 ; Tang et al., 2020 ; Wang et al., 2017 ; Xu et al., 2020 ; Yu et al., 2020 ) were featured as Highly Cited Papers by the Web of Science during the same season. ZR also published other high-profile papers in 2021. For instance, Li et al. ( 2021 ) performed a phylogenetic and morphological investigation of an overlooked flying squirrel species (Pteromyini, Rodentia) from the eastern Himalayas and described a new genus; Boubli et al. ( 2021 ) resolved a taxonomic conundrum of pygmy marmosets using ancient DNA of the type specimen; and Ye et al. ( 2021 ) provided an updated annotation of the Chinese tree shrew genome based on large-scale RNA sequencing and long-read isoform sequencing, which will surely become an essential reference for basic and biomedical studies using tree shrews. To list all the important studies published in ZR in 2021 is obviously beyond the scope of this editorial. However, we are proud of our growing reputation among the authors of these papers and their remarkable advances in important research, with many citations in well-regarded journals, such as Nature , Nature Communications , National Science Review , Advanced Science , PNAS , Biological Psychiatry , Molecular Psychiatry , Medicinal Research Reviews , Nature Cell Biology , Cell Research , Molecular Cell, and Nucleic Acids Research .

Excitingly, in 2021, Prof. Le Kang and Prof. Nina Jablonski were elected as international and national members, respectively, of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States. We remain greatly honored to have them as editorial board members of ZR and extend our warmest congratulations to both these outstanding scientists. In addition, to further foster the impact of ZR and strengthen our publishing team, ZR has recruited young and capable researchers to expand our dynamic editorial board. From the beginning of 2022, with continuous support from senior editorial board members, we are honored to welcome a new group of talented and academically diverse members to ZR . While new editors have a more flexible one-year term than senior editorial board members (four-year term), their term can be renewed based on their willingness, devotion, and performance. We believe this new strategy will help younger scientists establish their own academic careers and will help enhance the vitality and creativity of ZR .

When we look back at the evolution of ZR over the past four decades ( Yao & Jiang, 2021 ), we have certainly encountered many challenges, including the initial dip in readership during the conversion from a Chinese to English-only language publication seven years ago, as well as solo publishing without help from renowned platforms such as Springer-Nature, Wiley Press, and Cell Press. Despite these difficulties, ZR has not stopped its march ahead and remains a shining beacon in the East. ZR has always garnered strong support from our many readers and authors. To better serve our contributors, as well as society in general, our growing capacity is not only reflected by the increase in publication quantity, but more importantly, by the academic quality of each paper. ZR always welcomes hot topics within the scope of the journal. If you wish to publish extraordinary research or serve as a guest editor for a special column/issue, please be free to contact us or the Editorial Office.

Finally, but most importantly, we would like to express our deepest appreciation to every ZR supporter. Your interest in ZR is the fuel with which we continue to move forward. We are always proud to publish your research, and we believe that ZR will continue to shine in the East with your enduring faith and support.

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Yong-Gang Yao, Editor-in-Chief

Kunming Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China

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Yun Zhang, Executive Editor-in-Chief

Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming Yunnan 650223, China

171+ Simple Zoology Project Topics & Ideas For Students

Zoology is all about studying animals. It covers many areas, like how animals look inside and out, act, and live together.

It’s a big part of biology and helps us understand the different kinds of animals and how they interact with each other and their environments.

Zoology projects are super important for students. They let students get their hands dirty and learn by doing things themselves. Projects help students think hard about their learning and make remembering easier.

In addition, they show students how cool animals are and can inspire them to become scientists or help protect animals in the future. Doing projects in Zoology helps students learn better.

In this blog, we want to help students find fun and interesting ideas for their Zoology project topics. We’ll give tips, share cool topics, and make learning about animals easy and enjoyable.

Our goal is to get students excited about animals and inspire them to learn more about the awesome world of Zoology!

Zoology Project: What Is It?

Table of Contents

A Zoology project is a hands-on investigation or study focused on animals and their various aspects, such as behavior, anatomy, ecology, or evolution.

These projects allow students to explore specific topics within Zoology, conduct experiments, gather data, and draw conclusions. They often involve research, observation, and experimentation to deepen understanding of animal life and its complexities.

Zoology projects can range from simple observations and data collection to more complex experiments and analyses, offering students opportunities to develop critical thinking, research, and communication skills while gaining a deeper appreciation for the natural world.

171+ Zoology Project Topics: Category-Wise

Here’s a list of Zoology project topics categorized for your convenience:

Animal Behavior

Social hierarchy in primate groups
Feeding behavior of nocturnal animals
Courtship rituals in marine species
Communication methods in insects
Territorial behavior of mammals
Parental care in amphibians
Aggression among carnivorous species
Play behavior in young mammals
Nest-building behavior in birds
Hunting strategies of predators
Defensive behavior in prey species
Sleep patterns across different animal groups
Mate selection in reptiles
Foraging behavior in herbivores

Anatomy and Physiology

Comparative anatomy of vertebrates
Digestive system adaptations in herbivores
Respiratory system efficiency in aquatic animals
Muscle structure and function in flighted birds
Skeletal adaptations of desert-dwelling animals
Reproductive anatomy in marsupials
Nervous system development in young mammals
Endocrine system regulation in amphibians
Circulatory system adaptations in high-altitude species
Sensory organ specialization in nocturnal animals
Thermoregulation in cold-blooded animals
Immune system response in invertebrates
Renal system adaptations in marine mammals
Structural adaptations for camouflage
Hormonal regulation of behavior in primates

Ecology and Conservation

Habitat preference of endangered species
Impact of climate change on wildlife populations
Biodiversity hotspots and their importance
Human-wildlife conflict mitigation strategies
Ecosystem services provided by insects
Invasive species management techniques
Effects of pollution on aquatic ecosystems
Succession in ecological communities
Keystone species and their role in ecosystems
Restoration of degraded habitats
Population dynamics of apex predators
Conservation genetics of rare species
Urban ecology and wildlife adaptation
Coral reef conservation efforts
Sustainable fisheries management practices

Evolutionary Biology

Speciation mechanisms in island populations
Evolutionary trends in vertebrate limb morphology
Adaptive radiation in birds
Coevolution of plants and pollinators
Molecular evolution of immune system genes
Fossil record evidence for evolutionary transitions
Convergent evolution in unrelated species
Evolutionary consequences of sexual selection
Evolutionary arms race between predators and prey
Evolution of coloration patterns in butterflies
Evolutionary origins of parental care behaviors
Evolutionary constraints on body size
Evolutionary adaptations to extreme environments
Evolution of flight in insects and birds
Evolutionary trade-offs in life history strategies

Marine Biology

Coral bleaching and its effects on reef ecosystems
Deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities
Migration patterns of marine mammals
Marine pollution and its impact on marine life
Adaptations of deep-sea creatures to high-pressure
Ocean acidification and its effects on marine organisms
Bioluminescence in deep-sea organisms
Mangrove ecosystems and their importance
Marine protected areas and their effectiveness
Trophic interactions in marine food webs
Plankton diversity and its role in marine ecosystems
Coral reef resilience and recovery mechanisms
Fisheries management and sustainable harvesting practices
Estuarine ecology and habitat utilization
Marine mammal communication and social behavior
Insect biodiversity in urban environments
Pollinator decline and its consequences
Chemical ecology of insect pheromones
Invasive insect species and their impacts
Biological control of agricultural pests
Ant colony behavior and communication
Mimicry in insects and its evolutionary significance
Insect navigation and orientation mechanisms
Social organization in honeybee colonies
Insect pollination networks in ecosystems
Insect-plant interactions and coevolution
Seasonal variation in insect populations
Insect morphology and functional adaptations
Insect resistance to pesticides
Evolutionary history of insect species

Ornithology

Bird migration routes and stopover sites
Avian vocalizations and communication
Bird nesting strategies and habitat selection
Avian reproductive biology and mating systems
Raptor migration patterns and conservation
Birdsong learning and cultural transmission
Feeding ecology of birds of prey
Bird banding and population monitoring
Avian cognition and problem-solving abilities
Bird diversity in urban environments
Seabird foraging behavior and food webs
Bird-flight biomechanics and aerodynamics
Avian influenza and disease transmission
Bird conservation genetics and population management
Bird-window collision prevention strategies

Herpetology

Amphibian decline and conservation efforts
Reptile thermoregulation and behavior
Snake venom evolution and toxicity
Amphibian skin microbiome and disease resistance
Crocodilian nesting behavior and parental care
Reptile camouflage mechanisms and adaptations
Amphibian metamorphosis and hormone regulation
Reptile cognition and learning abilities
Salamander diversity and ecological roles
Reptile social behavior and communication
Amphibian breeding site selection and ecology
Turtle migration patterns and conservation challenges
Frogs call diversity and mate attraction
Lizard feeding ecology and dietary preferences
Reptile habitat fragmentation and population genetics
Carnivore hunting strategies and prey selection
Primate social structure and hierarchy
Rodent population dynamics and disease transmission
Cetacean communication and social behavior
Bat echolocation and foraging ecology
Ungulate migration patterns and seasonal movements
Marsupial reproductive strategies and development
Carnivore conservation genetics and population management
Primate tool use and cultural behaviors
Rodent impact on ecosystem dynamics
Cetacean navigation and long-distance travel
Bat roosting preferences and habitat selection
Ungulate antler development and mating displays
Marsupial pouch adaptations and function

Invertebrate Zoology

Insect social insects and their roles in ecosystems
Crustacean molting patterns and growth rates
Mollusk shell morphology and diversity
Arachnid silk production and properties
Jellyfish locomotion and swimming mechanics
Worm regenerative capabilities and tissue repair
Echinoderm regeneration and tissue regeneration
Insect metamorphosis and developmental stages
Crustacean reproductive strategies and mating behaviors
Mollusk feeding ecology and digestive systems
Arachnid venom composition and effects
Jellyfish bioluminescence and its functions
Worm ecological roles in soil ecosystems
Echinoderm larval development and dispersal
Insect flight biomechanics and aerodynamics

Comparative Zoology

Comparative anatomy of vertebrate limbs
Reproductive strategies across animal taxa
Neurobiology of learning and memory in different species
Digestive system adaptations in herbivores and carnivores
Sensory adaptations in nocturnal versus diurnal animals
Respiratory system variations among aquatic and terrestrial species
Social organization and communication in primates and birds
Feeding strategies in filter-feeding versus predatory species
Skeletal adaptations for flight in birds and bats
Hormonal regulation of behavior in mammals and reptiles
Thermoregulation in cold-blooded versus warm-blooded animals
Genetic diversity and speciation in different animal groups
Life history strategies in R-selected versus K-selected species
Immune system responses to pathogens in different taxa
Developmental biology and embryonic development across species
Animal cognition and problem-solving abilities
Play behavior in mammalian species
Agonistic behavior and dominance hierarchies
Cultural transmission of behaviors in social animals
Cooperative hunting strategies in carnivores
Tool use and innovation in primates and birds
Vocal communication and language development in mammals
Ritualized displays and courtship behaviors
Parental care and offspring development
Altruistic behaviors and kin selection
Territoriality and scent-marking behaviors
Mating systems and reproductive strategies
Social learning and observational learning in animals
Problem-solving abilities in marine mammals
Aggressive behaviors and conflict resolution in social groups

These project topics cover a broad range of interests within the field of Zoology, providing ample opportunities for exploration and research.

Choosing the Right Zoology Project: A Step-by-Step Guide

Choosing the right Zoology project can be an exciting yet difficult task. Follow these steps to ensure you pick a project that aligns with your interests and goals:

1. Identify your interests

Consider what aspects of Zoology intrigue you the most, whether it’s animal behavior, anatomy, ecology, or conservation.

2. Research available resources

Look for relevant books, articles, and online databases to gather information on potential project topics.

3. Brainstorm ideas

Generate a list of project ideas based on your interests and the resources you’ve found.

4. Evaluate feasibility

Assess the feasibility of each idea considering factors such as time, resources, and accessibility to study subjects.

5. Narrow down options

Choose a project topic that is both feasible and aligns closely with your interests and goals.

By following these steps, you’ll be well-equipped to select a rewarding Zoology project that inspires and engages you.

Tips and Techniques for Success In Zoology Project Topics

Here are some tips and techniques to help you succeed in your Zoology project topics:

Plan ahead: Start your project early to allow ample research, experimentation, and analysis time.
Choose a specific focus: Narrow your topic to a manageable scope to ensure depth of exploration.
Utilize diverse resources: Explore a variety of sources, such as books, scientific journals, and online databases, to gather information.
Seek guidance: Consult your instructor or a mentor for advice and feedback throughout the project.
Stay organized: To facilitate analysis and reporting, keep detailed notes, data, and references organized.
Be creative: Think outside the box and consider innovative approaches to address your research questions.
Collaborate: Consider collaborating with peers or experts in related fields to enhance your project’s quality and breadth.

By incorporating these tips and techniques, you’ll be well-equipped to excel in your Zoology project topics.

Summarize

Zoology project topics offer students a fascinating journey into the diverse and intricate world of animal life.

Through exploration and research, students gain valuable insights into various aspects of animal biology, behavior, ecology, and conservation.

Engaging in Zoology projects not only deepens understanding but also cultivates essential skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and scientific inquiry.

By studying animals and their environments, students develop a profound appreciation for the complexity and beauty of the natural world.

These projects not only contribute to academic growth but also inspire curiosity, creativity, and a sense of stewardship towards our planet’s biodiversity.

With Zoology project topics, students embark on a rewarding endeavor that empowers them to make meaningful contributions to science and conservation.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. what are some examples of zoology project topics suitable for high school students.

Some examples of Zoology project topics suitable for high school students include studying animal behavior, investigating local biodiversity, exploring adaptations of specific animal species, and and examining environmental factors’ impact on wildlife populations.

2. Are there any resources or databases specifically dedicated to finding Zoology project ideas?

Yes, there are several resources and databases dedicated to finding Zoology project ideas, including scientific journals, online databases like PubMed and Google Scholar, educational websites, and books on Zoology topics for students.

3. How can I make my project topic unique and engaging?

To make your project topic unique and engaging, consider focusing on a lesser-known species or phenomenon, incorporating interdisciplinary approaches, using innovative research methods, and addressing real-world applications or implications within the field of Zoology.

4. What are some tips for conducting experiments or fieldwork for Zoology projects involving live animals?

Some tips for conducting experiments or fieldwork for Zoology projects involving live animals include obtaining proper permits, ensuring ethical treatment of animals, using appropriate handling techniques, maintaining detailed records, and seeking guidance from experienced professionals.

Science Fair Project Ideas For 6th Graders

When it comes to Science Fair Project Ideas For 6th Graders, the possibilities are endless! These projects not only help students develop essential skills, such…

Java Project Ideas for Beginners

Java is one of the most popular programming languages. It is used for many applications, from laptops to data centers, gaming consoles, scientific supercomputers, and…

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Open access
Published: 29 October 2019

What’s new from the zoo? An analysis of ten years of zoo-themed research output

Paul E. Rose ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-5375-8267 1 , 2 ,
James E. Brereton ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-9104-3975 3 ,
Lewis J. Rowden 4 ,
Ricardo Lemos de Figueiredo 5 &
Lisa M. Riley 6

Palgrave Communications volume 5 , Article number: 128 ( 2019 ) Cite this article

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Environmental studies
Science, technology and society

The modern zoo’s roles command empirical enquiry to determine the effectiveness of zoos locally and globally. Ten years ago, published work identified the need for empirical research on a diverse range of species beyond charismatic zoo megafauna. We review zoo-based research published in the decade since this original recommendation. We collectively evaluate zoo-themed research papers from those working in zoos and those external to zoos but studying zoo-housed animals. By systematically searching Web of Science © for zoo-based research and performing inductive content analysis to code year, journal, study animal’s taxonomic classification, and research aims and outputs we evaluate trends in zoo-themed research, contrasted with trends in species holding. Significantly more birds and fish are kept compared to mammals, reptiles and amphibians, but mammals are consistently the primary research focus. Whilst output generally rises, only for birds is a steady increase in publications apparent. Husbandry evaluation is a major aim/output, but papers on pure biology, cognition and health also feature. Most publications lead to “specific advancement of knowledge” including validation of methodologies. We show that: (1) trends in species holdings are unrelated to trends in publication; (2) zoo-themed research makes meaningful contributions to science; (3) zoo researchers should diversify their aim/output categories and chosen study species to close the persisting research gaps that we have identified. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of evident species biases within research outputs across the broader fields of zoology, conservation and ecology.

Biodiversity conservation as a promising frontier for behavioural science

Kristian Steensen Nielsen, Theresa M. Marteau, … Andrew Balmford

A system wide approach to managing zoo collections for visitor attendance and in situ conservation

Andrew Mooney, Dalia A. Conde, … Yvonne M. Buckley

Decision-making of citizen scientists when recording species observations

Diana E. Bowler, Netra Bhandari, … Aletta Bonn

Introduction

Zoos and aquariums have the potential to be excellent locations to develop, implement and complete scientific research. Zoo populations enable hypothesis-driven questions to be answered on species/topics that would be challenging in the wild. This is evidenced by, for example, ground-breaking insights into the reproductive biology of the critically endangered Sumatran rhinoceros, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis (Roth et al., 2004 ) or results on the energetic costs of locomotion in bears, Ursidae (Pagano et al., 2018 ). Zoological databases that hold information on species’ biology can enhance the scientific literature on natural history and ecology (Conde et al., 2019 ); information that also informs animal management practices and species conservation strategies both in-situ and ex-situ. As centres for both pure and applied science, the output from zoological collections not only covers a range of disciplines (Loh et al. 2018 ) but is of increasing value to multiple stakeholders working in all parts of the world with all taxonomic groups.

The four aims of the modern zoo—conservation, education, research and recreation (Mason, 2007 , Fernandez et al., 2009 ) provide a framework for scientific investigation. The importance of research to the modern zoo is reflected in the number of pieces of national zoo legislation that require research activities to be conducted (Hosey et al., 2009 ). Conversely, entertainment is perceived as the least important role of the zoo (Reade and Waran, 1996 ), yet visitation must be maintained as zoos can be reliant on entrance fees for income. This income provides a means for zoos to fulfil their roles in conservation and education, hence zoos must remain attractive destinations to visit (Bueddefeld and Van Winkle, 2018 ). Research into the educational role of the zoo has scrutinised the effectiveness of zoos as learning environments (Marino et al., 2010 , Dawson and Jensen, 2011 , Moss and Esson, 2013 ). Despite an increase in zoo visitor studies over the past decade (Jensen, 2010 , Moss and Esson, 2010 ), there is little evidence that zoos promote understanding or pro-conservation behaviour. The importance of robust experimental design and application of “good science” is also evident in literature (Wagoner and Jensen, 2010 , Moss et al., 2017 ) promoting the need for an evidence-based approach.

Such an evidence-based approach extends to animal husbandry, central to which is researching animal behaviour. A majority of zoo scientific studies has previously been shown to be of a behavioural nature (Hosey, 1997 ). The relevance of behavioural science to conservation outcomes was postulated by Sutherland ( 1998 ) who states the importance of conserving behaviour as part of conservation objectives. A potential fifth aim of the zoo, to promote excellence in animal welfare (Fernandez et al., 2009 ) further supports the need to increase the amount of scientific study and application of such study, into zoo animal management. An increasingly ethically-aware public, who focus on the importance of good welfare and are not just concerned with animal cruelty (Whitham and Wielebnowski, 2013 ) emphasises the need for zoos to manage their populations to ensure a high quality of life can be attained and maintained for all individuals.

As scientific research that collects data to answer an hypothesis-driven question is key to ensuring husbandry regimes are most appropriate, zoos have invested in collaboration with academics (Fernandez and Timberlake, 2008 ), in the development of research methodologies (Plowman, 2003 , Plowman, 2008 ) and in the creation of research-focussed committees and working groups (BIAZA, 2018b ) to increase and develop their scientific output and its uptake by zoological collections. By expanding on how empirical research is applied within zoological collections (e.g., to husbandry routines, visitor engagement and interpretation objectives, or population management goals) the reach, impact and outcome of each of the zoo’s aims is strengthened.

With a new focus on collection planning for population sustainability (Traylor-Holzer et al., 2019 ), a paucity of scientific research for many familiar (i.e., commonly-kept, often-seen-in-the-zoo) species has been apparent (Melfi, 2009 ). This paper (Melfi, 2009 ) shows that researchers study a limited number of individuals of high-profile, charismatic species—a trend previously noted in the wider field of “wildlife research” (Bautista and Pantoja, 2005 ). Species less appealing to the public but housed in greater numbers across more zoological collections have been ignored. Likewise, when considering species responses to captivity, mammals are often focal subjects (Clubb and Mason, 2003 ) and ecological data are used to inform our understanding of their responses to captivity (Mason, 2010 , Kroshko et al., 2016 ). However, for other non-mammalian taxa we consider how they cope with the human-created environment of the zoo less often (Carere et al., 2011 ). Species with a long history of captivity, well-known and recognisable to the visiting public can still challenge us regarding their optimal captive care (Hatt et al., 2005 , Rose, 2018 ) and empirical, structured research programmes can help redress the balance between what a species needs to thrive and what is provided for survival in the zoo. Therefore, to move forward with species-specific Best Practice (husbandry) Guidelines (EAZA, 2019 ) less considered taxa, common but “ignored” species or animals perceived as less charismatic, e.g., reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates, (BIAZA, 2018a ) need to be the focus of future research attention. Melfi ( 2009 ) highlights this lack of research into non-mammals as the cause of anecdote or “rules of thumb” methods of providing captive care.

As such, the aim of our paper was to look retrospectively from 2009 to 2018 to see how much more scientific research has been conducted into the areas identified by Melfi ( 2009 ) as lacking a research focus. Specifically, we collected research papers from five different taxonomic groups, to evaluate the range of taxa now included in scientific publications and we investigated if/how uptake and output of evidence, useful for management, has diversified. We used Melfi ( 2009 )’s Table 1 (page 581) and Fig. 2 (page 582) as a guide to what constitutes “forgotten taxa”—focussing on those animals with large populations but limited scientific investigation. We have added invertebrates, amphibians and fish to our analysis that were excluded or not fully included in the original Melfi paper for reasons outlined below. Melfi ( 2009 )’s Fig. 2 shows the relationship between the number of individuals of specific animal species held by British and Irish association (BIAZA) zoos, as well as the number of zoos that hold each represented species, compared to the number of projects conducted on these species, based on records from the BIAZA research database. A bias towards the study of a small number of charismatic mammalian species, for example chimpanzees (Pan troglyodytes) , bonobos (P. paniscus) , orangutans (Pongo sp.) , elephants (Elephas maximus, Loxodonta africana) , is clear from this figure. Melfi notes that more projects between 1998 and 2008 were conducted on the two species of Pan compared to all projects on birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish and invertebrates in this sample of BIAZA institutions—90 against 84 studies. We aim to see if such a bias exists in a sample of wider zoo output in the ten years from this dataset being published.

Papers were collected using the bibliographic database Web of Science©. Key term searches were carried out by including zoo* combined with either behaviour*/behavior* or welfare or nutrition and research for each type of taxa (mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian, fish), for example “zoo* bird behaviour*. Each author was assigned a specific taxon and asked to scrutinise search results in the same manner, inputting data into a standardised spreadsheet. In January 2019, the lead author searched for remaining papers in 2018 across all taxa and terms to complete the dataset. Papers were categorised by year, species (and later class, genus and order), aim and main output. Aim was defined as the reason why the research was conducted (e.g., to determine the effect of a change of husbandry routine, or the influence of enrichment on behaviour, or to benchmark positive indicators of welfare). Output was defined as the key finding of the study and how this helps to underpin evidence-based zoo management.

Papers that covered more than one species of the same taxa (e.g., free-flight aviaries) were categorised as “multiple mixed”. Papers that covered a range of species from different taxa (e.g., visitor studies research or research into common patterns of stereotypic behaviours) were categorised as “multiple taxa review”. Papers that detailed methodological advances or novel approaches to data collection were categorised as “theory”. Papers that focussed on people including where data could add information on best practice animal care (e.g., influences on collection planning based on visitor perception) were categorised as “visitor”. Only peer-reviewed scientific papers in the Web of Science© search were included. Conference papers were not counted. In total, 1063 papers were categorised from 236 publications.

The impact factor of each publication was recorded from the individual journal website or from www.bioxbio.com if the impact factor was not clear on the journal’s homepage.

Rationalising aims and outputs from each article

Using content analysis, two authors (PER and LMR) coded the description of a paper’s aim and outcome into an aim class and an outcome class and outcome gain (see Table 1 for explanation). Papers were checked at the original source if both reviewing authors (during coding) were unsure of the aims and outcomes of the paper from its abstract. Aims were prioritised based on the paper’s own statement of their original aim and not on subsidiary findings. The aim “Husbandry and training” also includes papers that investigated visitor effects because visitors are provided in the zoo whether the animal wants them or not and therefore they directly impact on daily husbandry and management decisions. For each paper, one author stated their interpretation of aim and outcome code and this was judged using a protocol (Table 1 ) by the second author who also ensured the first aim/outcome was prioritised. Triangulation was not necessary as the two authors agreed on 100% of codes. Codes were created using an inductive approach. If a new aim/outcome was coded or new example were added, all previously papers in that aim class, outcome class or output gain were re-coded to reduce bias.

Specialised journals and global species holding

To compare any trend in publication output seen in the main Web of Science © dataset with two specialist zoo journals that are i) an annual publication without an impact factor and ii) have only incomplete listing on this database, an analysis of the output from the International Zoo Yearbook, IZYB, (published annually since 1960 by the Zoological Society of London) and the new open-access Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, JZAR, (published by the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria, EAZA) was conducted in the same manner (assessing the number of publications per taxa between 2009 and 2018). From these two journals, 354 papers were collected.

To provide context to research output gathered from searching for numbers of papers on specific taxa, data on species holdings of all zoos globally, published in the International Zoo Yearbook, were analysed alongside of the research-focussed data. These (unpublished) species holdings data were collected as part of an on-going additional research project (by author JEB) with the annual number of each species of mammal, bird, reptile, amphibian and fish kept at each zoo being recorded.

Invertebrates

Papers on zoo-applicable invertebrate research were sampled alongside of the main dataset. As we were keen to follow Melfi ( 2009 )’s categories of research subjects as closely as possible and because of the high number of papers to review between authors, details collected on invertebrate papers were restricted to: the name of the journal and year, the type of aim of the paper and the study subject. Again, only papers found in Web of Science © were recorded and the same categories for searching across the complete database were used: e.g., “zoo* invertebrate OR cephalopod OR arachnid welfare”. Abstracts of papers were read to ensure there was an application to zoo populations- i.e., the paper was not solely focussed on laboratory experimentation. A total of 17 papers were identified from 2011 to 2018 across 12 different publications.

Total sample size

Overall, 1434 zoo-focussed research papers were collected for analysis and evaluation (from the main dataset, from the IZYB and JZAR dataset, and for the separate search for invertebrate-specific research).

Data analysis

Data were analysed in R studio v. 1.0.136 (R Core Team, 2016 ). Where required, data were checked for collinearity using the “car package” (Fox and Weisberg, 2011 ), with values <2 taken as acceptable. Plots of residuals in R for each model were used to assess the distribution of data before further testing.

To compare differences between total counts of mammalian, avian and fish species held, a two-sample t -test was run. To determine any change in the number of species in each class housed by global zoos over the course of the study, a one-way ANOVA was run for species counts against year.

To compare the number of papers published against the taxonomic class of species held plus year of publication, a general liner model was run in R and post-hoc testing to ascertain differences between predictors was run using the “pbkrtest” and “lsmeans” packages for R studio (Halekoh and Højsgaard, 2014 , Lenth, 2016 ).

Fitted models were also run in R, with associated linear regression plots, for each outcome, gain and taxonomic class per year to identify any significant trend in the number of papers published on that theme.

For those papers with a focus on one taxonomic class only ( n = 863), a multinomial logistic regression was run in R studio using “multinom” function from the package “nnet” (Venables and Ripley, 2002 ). The “AER” (Kleiber and Zeileis, 2008 ) and “afex” (Singmann et al., 2019 ) packages were used to generate P values of the model fit from ANOVA and Wald’s tests. Post-hoc testing was run using the “lsmeans” package (Lenth, 2016 ) using (model, pairwise ~ factor | object, adjust = “tukey”, mode = “prob”) to generate P values for each pair of factors for each outcome across taxonomic class.

A linear regression was run in R with follow-up ANOVA analysis of the fitted model to determine the significance of predictors (taxonomic class, aim, outcome, gain and year of publication) on journal impact factor.

To remove any chances of Type 1 error, the Benjamini and Hochberg ( 1995 ) method of correcting the level of significance was employed when comparing multiple P values.

Global species holdings and the taxonomic focus of research papers

Figure 1 shows that birds and fish are the most speciose taxa housed in zoos globally, and amphibians comprise the fewest number of species housed. Significantly fewer species of mammal are housed compared to birds ( t = −21.07; df = 11896; P < 0.001) and fish ( t = −8.86; df = 9291; P < 0.001). For each taxonomic class, there was no significant change in the number of species held by zoos globally between 2009 and 2018 (mammals P = 0.985; birds P = 0.809; reptiles P = 0.488; amphibians P = 0.559; fish = 0.999).

The mean number of species within each taxonomic class (white dot, no line) housed globally in zoological establishments that provided data to the International Zoo Yearbook from 2009 to 2018 compared to the number of publications (red dot, red line), per year, for that taxonomic class. Overall birds are the most speciose taxonomic class housed by zoos globally and show the biggest increase in research output

There is a significant relationship between the number of papers published on each taxonomic class, the year of publication and the mean number of species in that class held ( F 14,35 = 58.59; r 2 = 0.94; P < 0.001). Across years the increase in the number of papers published for all taxonomic classes combined was not statistically significant (regression slope = 7.41; P = 0.338), suggesting that the overall number of papers on all topics identified from this literature search remains similar.

Significant differences are noted for the output for mammals against reptiles (higher number of mammalian papers), for fish against mammals (lower number of fish papers) and for amphibians against mammals (lower number of amphibian papers), Table S1 (supplementary information). When evaluating the interaction between species held and taxonomic class (species_holding*taxonomic_class) there is no significant relationship, showing that the average number of each species (in each taxonomic class) held in zoos is not influencing the number of publications on these taxa (intercept = 1.16, P = 0.976) even though the relationship between the overall number of papers published and taxonomic class of animal is still significant (F 9,40 = 74.65; r 2 = 93%; P < 0.001). As there is no significant change in the number of species held over this time period, an increase in the holdings of one class is not causing an increase in research output in that specific class.

Trends in the specific categories and aims of zoo-based papers

Analysis reveals that most of the papers have a husbandry and/or welfare focus (see Table S2, supplementary information), be that in the aim ( n = 301) of the paper or the overall outcome ( n = 435). The high number of papers coded as a pure biology outcome ( n = 271) shows that zoos can be centres for the advancement of “blue sky” science, as well as for applied science. This idea is supported by the proportion of papers (75%) that add to our knowledge of the species or topics being investigated. With only 1.7% of papers having no specific gain (i.e., a need for more research to answer the paper’s aim) zoo-based papers are clearly able to impact on knowledge and practice in this area of science.

Is there a relationship between the question being asked and what type of animal is being studied?

The Analysis of Deviance (type II) tests from the model showed that a paper’s aim (likelihood ratio χ 2 = 81.65; df = 36; P < 0.001), outcome (likelihood ratio χ 2 = 54.23; df = 20; P < 0.001) and gain (likelihood ratio χ 2 = 30.13; df = 16; P = 0.017) are all significant predictors of the taxonomic class of the paper. Year was not a significant predictor but may be trending in that direction (likelihood ratio χ 2 = 49.97; df = 36; P = 0.06). Post-hoc comparison of outcomes for each taxonomic class identified multiple significant predictors (for example Table S3, supplementary information).

Surveying across single-taxonomic class papers only (for the aim, outcome and gain of each paper) shows differences in the proportion of papers on each specific theme by taxa. For fish, 43% of papers had a husbandry aim, 57% of fish papers had a pure biology outcome and 71% of fish papers were identified as having a gain of a specific advancement in knowledge.

Across those papers on reptiles, 45% had a veterinary medicine and animal health aim, 42% had an animal and ecosystem health outcome, and 52% of papers had a gain of a specific advancement in knowledge. For amphibians, 16% of papers had a behavioural aim and 16% had a veterinary medicine and animal health aim, 29% of amphibian papers had a husbandry outcome and 48% paper were identified as providing a gain by specifically advancing knowledge.

An aim of behaviour was identified for 31% of all papers focussing on birds, 39% of bird papers had a husbandry and welfare outcome and 69% of bird papers provided a gain of a specific advancement in knowledge. For papers on mammals, 32% had a husbandry and training aim, 43% had a pure biology outcome, and 70% provided a gain in the specific advancement of knowledge.

For those wishing to advance an evidence-basis for zoo animal husbandry, 23% of all papers provided a gain of how to advance practice (either species-specific or general) with 78% of these being on mammals. Most papers focussed on adding to our knowledge of the study subject(s). Table S4 (supplementary information) further evidences the popularity of specific taxonomic orders as subjects for zoo-themed research by illustrating the types of question asked and output gained on the different taxonomic classes identified in our dataset. Details are provided for the top five orders from mammals, birds and amphibians, for all three orders of reptiles and for all six orders of fish from the ten-year dataset. Bias in the questions being asked at a taxonomic level is evident for each order and may relate to the accessibility of this animal in a zoo or the expertise of the researcher conducting the science.

Predicting future trends

Assessing the main dataset ( n = 1063) for increases or decreases in the number of publications per theme or on a particular taxonomic group type of animal identifies key areas where zoo research is growing in output. A significant relationship is found for the number of papers published on captive birds over the ten-year period, +3.5 papers/year ( F 1,8 = 26.99; r 2 = 74.3; P = 0.001), supporting the trend illustrated by Fig. 1 . Papers with an overall methodology aim also increase, +1.01 papers/year, indicating that zoological research is continuing to publish new ways of assessing the animals within collections ( F 1,8 = 30.23; r 2 = 76.5; P = 0.001). Papers with an aim of veterinary medicine and animal health also increase (+1.01 articles per year) significantly ( F 1,8 = 8.97; r 2 = 47.0%; P = 0.017). Figure S1 (supplementary information) illustrates these trends over time.

There are also increases on year for outcome with 1.12 extra papers per year published on animal and ecosystem health ( F 1,8 = 9.69; r 2 = 49.1%; P = 0.014). Output of papers with a visitor studies aim was not significant ( P = 0.08, +0.2 papers/year). Husbandry and welfare outcome papers may tend towards a significant increase of +1.7 papers/year ( P = 0.062). This general trend is supported by Fig. S1, which shows a rise in this outcome category over time (although this is not consistent from one year to the next). Finally, there is a significant increase (+5.8 papers/year) in the number of papers published that specifically advance our knowledge of zoo animals ( F 1,8 = 38.18; r 2 = 80.5%; P < 0.001).

Conservation and population sustainability papers and those focussing on human behaviour change outcomes appear low overall, when compared to those on pure biology and on husbandry (Fig. S1). Such information highlights areas for research to expand into in the future to ensure output continues to be novel and relevant.

Patterns of publication from an annual and a new scientific journal

To compare with output taken from the impact factor-listed publications in the main dataset, Fig. S2, supplementary information, shows the publication trend for the IZYB and for JZAR. Trends in the IZYB data are harder to predict, even though overall the number of mammal-focussed papers is higher than for other classes (47% overall). However, a notable pattern of mammal-focussed publication is evident in each year of JZAR; since its first publication in 2013, 59% of papers are on mammals. All single-class taxonomic categories aside from mammals can be absent from each of these two publications (Fig. S2). Therefore, consideration for the theme of each volume or the breadth of papers included within may be needed to ensure that a wide-range of species are focussed on per edition.

Assessing impact

Differences are apparent in the spread of journal impact factors for where papers on each class of animal and each type of research topic are published (Fig. 2 ). The top five highest impact factor journals include research on multiple taxonomic classes and papers that provide a general advancement in knowledge (with one species-specific focus (elephants) that provides a specific advancement in knowledge). Of the 1063 papers from 2009–2018, two are published in journals with an impact factor of above 10, with the majority (75%) published in journals with an impact factor of below 2.

Boxplots to show the median impact factor of papers for each type of animal or research aim. Top: taxonomic class (A amphibians, All All classes included, B birds, F fish, M mammals, M+ Mammals plus another taxa, R Reptiles, RA+ Reptiles and amphibians plus another taxa). Middle: Aim category (BEH Behaviour, BPR Breeding programmes, HUS husbandry and training, MTH methods, NUT nutrition, PHY physiology, VET veterinary medicine and animal health, VIS visitor studies, WEL welfare). Bottom: Outcome category (AEH animal and ecosystem health, BCH behaviour change human, CSN conservation and sustainability, HUS husbandry and welfare, PUB pure biology, SCI scientific validity). Papers covering all taxa show the largest range in impact and the highest impact overall

Papers with Husbandry and welfare, Human behaviour change, and Conservation and sustainability outcomes are published in the highest impact journals. Papers with a Welfare, Visitor studies, Methods, and Husbandry aim are also found in these higher-impact publications. It is exciting to see that a wide range of topics can be published and disseminated widely across the breadth of the scientific literature- zoo-focussed research is not restricted to “zoo only” journals.

There is a significant relationship between several predictors and publication in a higher impact factors journal ( F 34, 1028 = 2.59; r 2 = 5%; P < 0.001). Taxonomic class ( P < 0.001), aim ( P < 0.001) and outcome ( P = 0.009) are all significant predictors of publication in a journal with a higher impact factor. Year of publication ( P = 0.36) or gain (0.994) show no relationship to a journal’s impact factor. Model estimates for individual GLMs show significantly higher impact factor journals contain papers covering both reptiles and amphibians (estimate = 1.32, P = 0.007) and papers on birds were more likely to be published in lower impact factor journals compared to other taxonomic groups (estimate = −0.57; P < 0.001).

For the aim of the paper, those on nutrition (estimate = −0.49; P = 0.012) and veterinary medicine/animal health (estimate = −0.33; P = 0.006) were published in lower impact journals, whereas those on visitor studies were significantly more likely to be found in higher impact publications (estimate = 0.52; P = 0.002). When assessing each paper’s outcomes, those relating to human behaviour change were more likely to be published in journals with higher impact factors (estimate = 0.94; P < 0.001) compared to other outcome categories.

Comparing the interaction between taxonomic class and the paper’s aim ( F 61,1001 = 1.85; r 2 = 5%; P < 0.001) shows that higher impact journals are successfully chosen for physiology papers that cover all classes (estimate = 2.36; P = 0.04) and for methods papers published on reptiles and amphibians (estimate = 3.06; P = 0.05). A significant interaction is present for papers on reptiles and amphibians with conservation/sustainability outcomes (estimate = 4.47; P = 0.001), model summary F 39,1023 = 3.003; r 2 = 7%; P < 0.001. No significant relationship is noted for any interaction between the paper’s gain and the taxonomic class used as the subject, and choice of higher impact journals.

What about invertebrates?

For the 17 relevant papers obtained on invertebrates, the highest number ( n = 11, 65%) focussed on reviewing or providing commentary on, across taxa, bigger questions relating to welfare (including a paper on enrichment practices that covered other taxa as well invertebrates to determine preferences for a specific type of enrichment provided and a paper on how to design judgement bias tasks, both of which have important welfare connotations). Papers on cephalopods and those covering a review of invertebrate taxa as part of a wider question (e.g., enrichment or welfare assessment) made up several of the articles recorded ( n = 5, 29%, respectively). Invertebrates articles could cover pure science (i.e., personality studies), as well as be used to inform the management of other taxa in the zoo (i.e., investigating food supplements for invertebrates that are then used as foods for other species). The median impact factor was 1.5, similar to output presented for other taxa in Fig. 2 . Papers published in the top-five impact factor journals were two articles that reviewed welfare (published in journals with an impact factor of 16), a cephalopod welfare paper (published in a journal with an impact factor of 5.23) and paper on cephalopod personality (in a journal with an impact factor of 4.13) and a review paper on welfare (in a journal with an impact factor of 3).

Our results show that zoo-themed researchers are increasing their research output year-on-year; Fig. 1 illustrates that, for bird research at least, the overall trend in output is positive. A bias in the study of large charismatic mammals dominates the overall number of papers published, but zoo-themed researchers are investigating a wide array of topics and increasing their output into areas of knowledge gain, as well as practical application (Fig. S1, supplementary information). This mammal bias appears similar to that noted in the wider field of zoology (Bautista and Pantoja, 2005 ) and the need for a more informed approach (such as our call for more scientific investigation for taxon-specific husbandry guides) is echoed by previous research that highlights a lack of scientific rigour within strategies implemented for habitat and wildlife conservation (Reichhardt, 1999 ).

Zoo-themed research output appears to be aligning with wider conservation messages, for example as emphasised by the One Plan Approach (CBSG, 2015 ), as well as with moves to encourage more direct pro-environmental human behaviour change (Smith et al., 2008 , Spooner et al., 2019 ) and wider usage of ecological evidence for the development of species-specific management plans (EAZA, 2019 ). We demonstrate that zoo-themed research output can cross academic boundaries and answer big questions that extend far beyond the animals housed at the zoo themselves. Increases in the number of papers adding to knowledge of species biology shows the wider relevance of zoos to “blue sky” science and an impact across different fields for all taxa investigated (Fig. 2 ). This expanding and considered research output appears to align with developments noted in other areas of biology too- for example the relative success of conservation initiatives in the United States (Schwartz, 2008 ) even though data to underpin these measures can often be lacking.

The focus on specific taxonomic groups compared to others (Table S1) may be a facet of the particular research interest of individual scientists, the commonality of a particular species in the zoo, or the availability of species in zoos close to the workplace of scientists that are publishing in this field. There are clear trends in the choice of taxonomic order when looking over the aims, outcomes and gains from research published on zoo-housed animals (Table S3), indicating that researchers opt for a particular taxonomic order as a study system when designing how to test an experimental hypothesis. A Husbandry and training aim and a Husbandry and welfare outcome predominates in this dataset (Table S2) showing that zoo research is focussing on key areas of management to improve captive care. This illustrates that the majority of these papers are adding to knowledge to strengthen the aims of the modern zoo, and it is encouraging that only 18 papers provided no firm conclusion to their way. Those researching the zoo are clearly able, in the vast majority of cases, to provide an answer to their question.

Our results identify some interesting trends in how zoo animals are used for research. Notably that reptiles feature more in veterinary and health-related papers than other taxonomic classes, yet whilst mammals are the most commonly studied class (Fig. 1 ), they show the least variation in research aim for across all classes (Table S3), with papers asking either behavioural or husbandry and training related questions. Amphibians are the class with the most diverse array of questions asked—covering breeding, husbandry, nutrition, physiology, behaviour, and veterinary medicine and animal health. This suggests that the conservation relevance of amphibians in zoos (Zippel et al., 2011 ) and the urgency by which captive-naïve populations have had to be created suddenly ex situ (Pavajeau et al., 2008 ) has created niches for variation in research questions more quickly than in mammal populations, for example, that have not been exposed to sudden changes in the novelty of species held.

We identify papers that cover each of the four roles of the modern zoo, demonstrating that zoos are prepared to research how well they are meeting their goals and be scrutinised on the outputs from such research. Given calls for good welfare to be a fifth aim of the modern zoo (Fernandez et al., 2009 ), the high number of papers with a full or in-part welfare outcome (41% of all identified papers) is encouraging. Welfare science is moving quickly, with novel approaches validated (Williams et al., 2018 , Richter and Hintze, 2019 , Yon et al., 2019 ) and an increasing use of natural ecology information as a keystone in determining the relevance of husbandry in the zoo (Rose, 2018 ). Therefore, the application of animal-based welfare assessment to ensure individual welfare is good, rather than a completely resource-based approach is a key area of research for zoos to focus upon (Whitham and Wielebnowski, 2013 ). And as 74% of identified papers that had either a specific or general advancement in practice ( n = 245) were fully or partly focussed on a welfare outcome, zoos are forging ahead to evaluate many aspects of welfare of the animals they house. Our results indicate this is not confined to a single taxon but relevant to all investigated except reptiles where focus is on health and conservation. This may be because so little of the wild biology is known for many reptilian species that, when in captivity, immediate threats to survival (e.g., disease) must be the primary research concern. Whatever the underlying reason, here there is an identifiable opportunity for future zoo research.

Three key gaps in knowledge of zoo animal management were identified by Melfi ( 2009 ). Firstly, that research tended to investigate indicators of poor rather than positive welfare. Change is evident with research assessing animal-based indicators of a good quality of life now being published (Williams et al., 2018 , Yon et al., 2019 ), and methods for positive welfare assessment for zoo invertebrates, as well as an evidence-basis for captive invertebrate care (Bethell, 2015 , Tonkins et al., 2015 ) can also be found. We demonstrate that targeted research, evidenced by the year-on-year increase in bird research output (for example), with popular aims of husbandry and welfare and with an advancing knowledge outcome, means all aspects of welfare are being considered and investigated.

Secondly that housing and husbandry are historically based on anecdote or tradition. A scientific approach to inform husbandry is noticeable in our dataset, with housing style (Rowden and Rose, 2016 ), daily husbandry regimes (Rose et al., 2016 ), nutrition (Gussek et al., 2018 ), enrichment practices (Costa et al., 2018 ), breeding recommendations (Asa et al., 2011 ) and animal health measures (Greenwell and Montrose, 2017 ) being based on evidence gathered to determine optimal care. The asking of numerous questions (Table S4) with an amphibian model shows that zoo researchers are considering key knowledge gaps at different taxonomic levels when constructing an experimental design. Even within a taxonomic group bias persists as certain species (e.g., Pan spp. in the Primate order) command the evidence-based approach. This is not to say zoos specifically ignore other species as a myriad reasons may explain why the husbandry practices of one species are more science-led than another (for example, the number of individuals kept in zoos). And as Pan sp . studies continue to demonstrate, many research projects are required before an holistic approach to husbandry (and welfare generally) can be achieved. Our paper shows that for many species, zoo research is the start of this evidence-gathering journey.

Thirdly, a lack of species-specific biological data may be inhibiting zoo research output. Well-studied animals, such as Pan sp ., will continue to receive research interest because scientists have a reliable bank of background information to utilise. Consequently, equally important research candidates remain understudied due to this lack of baseline information. Use of ecological information on species’ habitat choices can be used to inform housing (Mason, 2015 , Kroshko et al., 2016 , Mellor et al., 2018 ) and suitability of husbandry can be evaluated via individual preference testing (Mehrkam and Dorey, 2015 , Troxell-Smith et al., 2017a , Troxell-Smith et al., 2017b ). Therefore, constructing “in-zoo” questions based on manipulations that can yield species-specific information means that these poorly understood species can be researched and improvements to their husbandry be made on an evidence-based approach.

We demonstrate that zoo-themed research output is slowly filling in these gaps for more and more species, and we have evaluated how this research can have wider impact across scientific publications with a broader readership (Fig. 2 ). From the output in Melfi ( 2009 ), 89% of the sample concerned mammals (60% of which was primate-focussed), with 8% on birds, 1% on reptiles and 1% on other taxa. Whilst the Melfi ( 2009 ) dataset was restricted to output from only one region (British & Irish facilities), the bias for investigating mammalian species is clear. Within our main Web of Science© dataset, 69% of papers focussed solely on mammals (40% on primates)- therefore highlighting a shift change towards the use of other species as research subjects that is unrelated to the number of species kept of a given taxa.

Inter-disciplinary research also identifies the usefulness of zoo information to big data questions, and such an approach helps further reduce the lack of biological information as identified by Melfi ( 2009 ). Information held in the Zoological Information Management System (ZIMS) database, managed by species360 (species360, 2018 ) has added to the bank of biological information held on non-domestic species (Conde et al., 2019 ) to improve our knowledge and understanding of many important areas of species biology, physiology and life history. To develop this research output, zoos should be increasing the number of scientific studies being published within higher impact journals. Our dataset shows that mammals remain considerably better represented in publications than all other taxonomic groups combined. Indeed, two mammalian Orders, Carnivora (154 papers) and Primates (294 papers), are both better represented in research output than all birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish together (204 papers) for papers covering a single taxonomic class.

Publication output centring on a few species within taxonomic groups that are the focus of research attention is documented (Bautista and Pantoja, 2005 ) and similar reasons are postulated to ones that we cover in our evaluation (i.e., flagship for conservation). These authors also note that fish are an underrepresented group in “wildlife research” and again this echoes our own zoo-focussed findings. Given that aquarium-housed fish can be flagships for conservation research, e.g., McGregor Reid et al. ( 2013 ), there is the potential to build on key traits that make a specific taxa suitable for scientific study to increase its use for research. Increases in species-specific output may be based on active researchers investigating questions on the same taxa because these are considered the most appropriate for that question. However, scientists could consider diversifying the taxa used to ask a similar question. For example, the use of highly-cognitive birds instead of primates for cognition research, facilitating the use of non-mammalian species. Use of cephalopods to determine personality differences (Carere et al., 2015 ) can be a realistic alternative to primate studies given the complex cognition of these invertebrates (Mather and Dickel, 2017 ) that involves both short- and long-term learning and engagement in behaviours such as play.

However, we should also be mindful of the importance of knowledge gaps (e.g., the achievement of optimal welfare) for all captive species, regardless of taxonomic class and therefore zoos should actively engage in directed scientific research to answer key applied questions. A lack of background knowledge on such species, hampering effective evaluation of any results generated, may be causing researchers to choose more familiar species as study models. When considering zoo-specific and open access publications (Fig. S2, Supplementary information) there is an overall predominance of mammalian-research noted, even when annual volumes are themed around a particular taxa, such as freshwater fish (McGregor Reid, 2013 ), or area of work, such as reintroduction and translocation practice (Gilbert and Soorae, 2017 ).

The continuing decline in biodiversity is resulting in zoos providing care for species with a limited to non-existent captive history. Science has a role to play in informing practice for these species if species conservation initiatives are to be successful. Zoos and aquariums are unique in their capacity to provide direct conservation action to threatened species across the globe (Michaels et al., 2014 , Biega et al., 2019 ), and it is encouraging to see that many zoo research projects already focus on conservation breeding and the wider role of animals in ecosystem health. Zoo studies currently are used to better inform conservation projects for animals in situ (da Silva et al., 2019 , Lacy, 2019 ) and this trend is likely to continue into the future. The success of in-situ conservation initiatives can be hindered by a lack of evidence (Reichhardt, 1999 , Schwartz, 2008 ) and therefore decisions that influence population management, breeding recommendations and similar measures to conserve biological diversity ex situ must have an evidence basis to them.

The Convention on Biological Diversity (2020) is currently developing a post-2020 global biodiversity framework, which will aim to address the key drivers of extinction (CBD, 2019 ). A key area for future focus is the relatively poor representation of amphibians, both in zoo collection plans, and also in the research output. Zoos appear to be housing relatively few species of amphibians. In relation to biodiversity and conservation, there are over 7900 amphibian species, and roughly 40% of these species are threatened with extinction (IUCN, 2019 ). While some animal collections have produced excellent conservation education strategies centred around amphibians (Pavajeau et al., 2008 ), it is clear there is room for development of collection plans for these species. It may be difficult for visitors to appreciate the diversity of threatened amphibians if few are represented in captivity (Michaels et al., 2014 b).

Because zoological collections have the responsibility of maintaining populations of highly endangered species, prioritising research into areas of population sustainability, educational initiatives and human behaviour change, can help inform the overall conservation plan for species at the brink of extinction. Whilst our results show that current conservation and ecosystem health output appears low, there is evidence that the quantity of research output is growing. This range of publications has value for those engaged in direct conservation action, as well as to educators disseminating information to zoo visitors and beyond.

It is interesting to note that the best represented animals in our dataset also appear to be some of the favourite animals of zoo visitors (Carr 2016 ). Primates, carnivores and elephants are well-represented in the public’s top ten favourite animals (Courchamp et al., 2018 ) and whilst it is beyond the scope of this paper to determine why these animals appear to feature in both public interest and in zoo literature, we do suggest that public interest could act as a driver for research focus on this species (i.e., to better inform practice and scrutinise the extent to which species are presented to visitors). We do not suggest “less primates” in the output from zoos but more focus on other taxa, as well as the continuation of high levels of research on traditional study species. We would encourage researchers to consider their choice of study population carefully and think about other benefits to their research. It might be intriguing to study chimpanzees but is there more added conservation, education and recreational value if the waxy monkey frog (Phyllomedusa sauvagii) was studied instead…?

In conclusion, our results demonstrate that, globally, zoo-themed researchers have an impressive scientific output and are investigating a range of empirical, hypothesis-driven questions that relate to all the modern zoo’s key roles. Between 2009 and 2018, considerable progress has been made regarding the number of zoo-based publications, especially papers focussed on welfare assessment or improvement. Our results show that there remains a mismatch between the number of species within a taxonomic class held in captivity and the representation of this class in the peer-reviewed literature. Whilst it is relevant that some charismatic species are receiving considerable publication interest, further focus on species that are less represented in literature would help the zoological community to develop welfare indicators and evidence-based husbandry more rapidly for a wider range of taxa. The research output of zoological collections is worthwhile, not only for those working within the industry, but also for those working in other capacities with wild animals and in related disciplines (e.g., academia). As such, progress in increasing the number of questions being posed and output of answering such questions, both within and beyond the zoo, has value to people and animals worldwide.

Data availability

The dataset on publications gathered from scientific databases is available at Open Research Exeter: https://ore.exeter.ac.uk/repository/handle/10871/39092 . The dataset generated on species holdings are not publicly available due to this project still be researched but are available from author James E. Brereton upon reasonable request.

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Troxell-Smith SM, Watters JV, Whelan CJ, Brown JS (2017a) Zoo foraging ecology: Preference and welfare assessment of two okapi (Okapia johnstoni) at the Brookfield Zoo. Anim Behav Cognition 4(2):187–199

Troxell-Smith SM, Whelan CJ, Magle SB, Brown JS (2017b) Zoo foraging ecology: development and assessment of a welfare tool for captive animals. Anim Welf 26(3):265–275

Venables WN, Ripley BD (2002) Modern applied statistics with S. Springer, New York

Wagoner B, Jensen E (2010) Science learning at the zoo: evaluating children’s developing understanding of animals and their habitats. Psychol Soc 3(1):65–76

Whitham JC, Wielebnowski N (2013) New directions for zoo animal welfare science. Appl Anim Behav Sci 147(3–4):247–260

Williams E, Chadwick Cl, Yon L, Asher L (2018) A review of current indicators of welfare in captive elephants (Loxodonta africana and Elephas maximus). Anim Welf 27(3):235–249

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Acknowledgements

We thank A. Loader for her help with compiling data from JZAR and the IZYB. We thank S. Bereton for assistance with the global species holdings dataset. The open access publication charge was covered by the University of Exeter’s Institutional APC Fund.

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Paul E. Rose

WWT, Slimbridge Wetland Centre, Slimbridge, Gloucestershire, GL2 7BT, UK

University Centre Sparsholt, Sparsholt College Hampshire, Sparsholt, Winchester, Hampshire, SO21 2NF, UK

James E. Brereton

Zoological Society of London, London Zoo, Outer Circle, Regent’s Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK

Lewis J. Rowden

School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

Ricardo Lemos de Figueiredo

Centre for Animal Welfare, Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, University of Winchester, Winchester, Hampshire, SO22 4NR, UK

Lisa M. Riley

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Rose, P.E., Brereton, J.E., Rowden, L.J. et al. What’s new from the zoo? An analysis of ten years of zoo-themed research output. Palgrave Commun 5 , 128 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-019-0345-3

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-019-0345-3

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Research Topics & Ideas: Environment

100+ Environmental Science Research Topics & Ideas

Research topics and ideas within the environmental sciences

Finding and choosing a strong research topic is the critical first step when it comes to crafting a high-quality dissertation, thesis or research project. Here, we’ll explore a variety research ideas and topic thought-starters related to various environmental science disciplines, including ecology, oceanography, hydrology, geology, soil science, environmental chemistry, environmental economics, and environmental ethics.

NB – This is just the start…

The topic ideation and evaluation process has multiple steps . In this post, we’ll kickstart the process by sharing some research topic ideas within the environmental sciences. This is the starting point though. To develop a well-defined research topic, you’ll need to identify a clear and convincing research gap , along with a well-justified plan of action to fill that gap.

If you’re new to the oftentimes perplexing world of research, or if this is your first time undertaking a formal academic research project, be sure to check out our free dissertation mini-course. Also be sure to also sign up for our free webinar that explores how to develop a high-quality research topic from scratch.

Overview: Environmental Topics

Ecology /ecological science
Atmospheric science
Oceanography
Soil science
Environmental chemistry
Environmental economics
Environmental ethics
Examples of dissertations and theses

Topics & Ideas: Ecological Science

The impact of land-use change on species diversity and ecosystem functioning in agricultural landscapes
The role of disturbances such as fire and drought in shaping arid ecosystems
The impact of climate change on the distribution of migratory marine species
Investigating the role of mutualistic plant-insect relationships in maintaining ecosystem stability
The effects of invasive plant species on ecosystem structure and function
The impact of habitat fragmentation caused by road construction on species diversity and population dynamics in the tropics
The role of ecosystem services in urban areas and their economic value to a developing nation
The effectiveness of different grassland restoration techniques in degraded ecosystems
The impact of land-use change through agriculture and urbanisation on soil microbial communities in a temperate environment
The role of microbial diversity in ecosystem health and nutrient cycling in an African savannah

Topics & Ideas: Atmospheric Science

The impact of climate change on atmospheric circulation patterns above tropical rainforests
The role of atmospheric aerosols in cloud formation and precipitation above cities with high pollution levels
The impact of agricultural land-use change on global atmospheric composition
Investigating the role of atmospheric convection in severe weather events in the tropics
The impact of urbanisation on regional and global atmospheric ozone levels
The impact of sea surface temperature on atmospheric circulation and tropical cyclones
The impact of solar flares on the Earth’s atmospheric composition
The impact of climate change on atmospheric turbulence and air transportation safety
The impact of stratospheric ozone depletion on atmospheric circulation and climate change
The role of atmospheric rivers in global water supply and sea-ice formation

Topics & Ideas: Oceanography

The impact of ocean acidification on kelp forests and biogeochemical cycles
The role of ocean currents in distributing heat and regulating desert rain
The impact of carbon monoxide pollution on ocean chemistry and biogeochemical cycles
Investigating the role of ocean mixing in regulating coastal climates
The impact of sea level rise on the resource availability of low-income coastal communities
The impact of ocean warming on the distribution and migration patterns of marine mammals
The impact of ocean deoxygenation on biogeochemical cycles in the arctic
The role of ocean-atmosphere interactions in regulating rainfall in arid regions
The impact of ocean eddies on global ocean circulation and plankton distribution
The role of ocean-ice interactions in regulating the Earth’s climate and sea level

Tops & Ideas: Hydrology

The impact of agricultural land-use change on water resources and hydrologic cycles in temperate regions
The impact of agricultural groundwater availability on irrigation practices in the global south
The impact of rising sea-surface temperatures on global precipitation patterns and water availability
Investigating the role of wetlands in regulating water resources for riparian forests
The impact of tropical ranches on river and stream ecosystems and water quality
The impact of urbanisation on regional and local hydrologic cycles and water resources for agriculture
The role of snow cover and mountain hydrology in regulating regional agricultural water resources
The impact of drought on food security in arid and semi-arid regions
The role of groundwater recharge in sustaining water resources in arid and semi-arid environments
The impact of sea level rise on coastal hydrology and the quality of water resources

Research Topic Kickstarter - Need Help Finding A Research Topic?

Topics & Ideas: Geology

The impact of tectonic activity on the East African rift valley
The role of mineral deposits in shaping ancient human societies
The impact of sea-level rise on coastal geomorphology and shoreline evolution
Investigating the role of erosion in shaping the landscape and impacting desertification
The impact of mining on soil stability and landslide potential
The impact of volcanic activity on incoming solar radiation and climate
The role of geothermal energy in decarbonising the energy mix of megacities
The impact of Earth’s magnetic field on geological processes and solar wind
The impact of plate tectonics on the evolution of mammals
The role of the distribution of mineral resources in shaping human societies and economies, with emphasis on sustainability

Topics & Ideas: Soil Science

The impact of dam building on soil quality and fertility
The role of soil organic matter in regulating nutrient cycles in agricultural land
The impact of climate change on soil erosion and soil organic carbon storage in peatlands
Investigating the role of above-below-ground interactions in nutrient cycling and soil health
The impact of deforestation on soil degradation and soil fertility
The role of soil texture and structure in regulating water and nutrient availability in boreal forests
The impact of sustainable land management practices on soil health and soil organic matter
The impact of wetland modification on soil structure and function
The role of soil-atmosphere exchange and carbon sequestration in regulating regional and global climate
The impact of salinization on soil health and crop productivity in coastal communities

Topics & Ideas: Environmental Chemistry

The impact of cobalt mining on water quality and the fate of contaminants in the environment
The role of atmospheric chemistry in shaping air quality and climate change
The impact of soil chemistry on nutrient availability and plant growth in wheat monoculture
Investigating the fate and transport of heavy metal contaminants in the environment
The impact of climate change on biochemical cycling in tropical rainforests
The impact of various types of land-use change on biochemical cycling
The role of soil microbes in mediating contaminant degradation in the environment
The impact of chemical and oil spills on freshwater and soil chemistry
The role of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in shaping water and soil chemistry
The impact of over-irrigation on the cycling and fate of persistent organic pollutants in the environment

Topics & Ideas: Environmental Economics

The impact of climate change on the economies of developing nations
The role of market-based mechanisms in promoting sustainable use of forest resources
The impact of environmental regulations on economic growth and competitiveness
Investigating the economic benefits and costs of ecosystem services for African countries
The impact of renewable energy policies on regional and global energy markets
The role of water markets in promoting sustainable water use in southern Africa
The impact of land-use change in rural areas on regional and global economies
The impact of environmental disasters on local and national economies
The role of green technologies and innovation in shaping the zero-carbon transition and the knock-on effects for local economies
The impact of environmental and natural resource policies on income distribution and poverty of rural communities

Topics & Ideas: Environmental Ethics

The ethical foundations of environmentalism and the environmental movement regarding renewable energy
The role of values and ethics in shaping environmental policy and decision-making in the mining industry
The impact of cultural and religious beliefs on environmental attitudes and behaviours in first world countries
Investigating the ethics of biodiversity conservation and the protection of endangered species in palm oil plantations
The ethical implications of sea-level rise for future generations and vulnerable coastal populations
The role of ethical considerations in shaping sustainable use of natural forest resources
The impact of environmental justice on marginalized communities and environmental policies in Asia
The ethical implications of environmental risks and decision-making under uncertainty
The role of ethics in shaping the transition to a low-carbon, sustainable future for the construction industry
The impact of environmental values on consumer behaviour and the marketplace: a case study of the ‘bring your own shopping bag’ policy

Examples: Real Dissertation & Thesis Topics

While the ideas we’ve presented above are a decent starting point for finding a research topic, they are fairly generic and non-specific. So, it helps to look at actual dissertations and theses to see how this all comes together.

Below, we’ve included a selection of research projects from various environmental science-related degree programs to help refine your thinking. These are actual dissertations and theses, written as part of Master’s and PhD-level programs, so they can provide some useful insight as to what a research topic looks like in practice.

The physiology of microorganisms in enhanced biological phosphorous removal (Saunders, 2014)
The influence of the coastal front on heavy rainfall events along the east coast (Henson, 2019)
Forage production and diversification for climate-smart tropical and temperate silvopastures (Dibala, 2019)
Advancing spectral induced polarization for near surface geophysical characterization (Wang, 2021)
Assessment of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter and Thamnocephalus platyurus as Tools to Monitor Cyanobacterial Bloom Development and Toxicity (Hipsher, 2019)
Evaluating the Removal of Microcystin Variants with Powdered Activated Carbon (Juang, 2020)
The effect of hydrological restoration on nutrient concentrations, macroinvertebrate communities, and amphibian populations in Lake Erie coastal wetlands (Berg, 2019)
Utilizing hydrologic soil grouping to estimate corn nitrogen rate recommendations (Bean, 2019)
Fungal Function in House Dust and Dust from the International Space Station (Bope, 2021)
Assessing Vulnerability and the Potential for Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) in Sudan’s Blue Nile Basin (Mohamed, 2022)
A Microbial Water Quality Analysis of the Recreational Zones in the Los Angeles River of Elysian Valley, CA (Nguyen, 2019)
Dry Season Water Quality Study on Three Recreational Sites in the San Gabriel Mountains (Vallejo, 2019)
Wastewater Treatment Plan for Unix Packaging Adjustment of the Potential Hydrogen (PH) Evaluation of Enzymatic Activity After the Addition of Cycle Disgestase Enzyme (Miessi, 2020)
Laying the Genetic Foundation for the Conservation of Longhorn Fairy Shrimp (Kyle, 2021).

Looking at these titles, you can probably pick up that the research topics here are quite specific and narrowly-focused , compared to the generic ones presented earlier. To create a top-notch research topic, you will need to be precise and target a specific context with specific variables of interest . In other words, you’ll need to identify a clear, well-justified research gap.

Need more help?

If you’re still feeling a bit unsure about how to find a research topic for your environmental science dissertation or research project, be sure to check out our private coaching services below, as well as our Research Topic Kickstarter .

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Free Zoology Essay Examples & Topics

Zoology is the study of animals. As the branch of biology dedicated to studying the animal kingdom, it can be theoretical as well as practical. The field is constantly evolving along with our understanding. Today, there are as many different approaches to zoology as there are animals on planet Earth.

The branches of zoology often cross and intersect. A zoology student can choose one depending on the kind of creature they’re interested in. For example, an entomologist would be concerned with studying insects. Meanwhile, an ornithologist would focus on birds and their lifecycles. Zoologists can also specify in studying animal morphology (animal anatomy), ethology (animal behavior), etc.

If you are tasked with writing a zoology essay, you know the many options this discipline presents you with. That’s why our team has prepared this article. We have compiled tips on structuring your writing process. Besides, we’ve listed original zoology essay questions and topics. You will also find sample papers written by students like yourself at the bottom of this page.

How to Write a Zoology Essay

Writing an essay on zoology entails large amounts of research. You should be ready to delve into studies and journal articles, creating a trustworthy reference list. Your viewpoints should be supported by evidence and citations. It may seem overwhelming at first. So, we have created a step-by-step guide to break down the process.

To write a clear and comprehensive essay about zoology, try the following:

Decide on the type of essay you will be writing. For your zoology assignment, you can use many different styles if not specified otherwise. You could write a compare and contrast essay to talk about various animal species. Or compose an analytical paper to evaluate a piece of research. Deciding on what you want to accomplish is the first step to success.
Find or come up with a topic. Getting a good idea for your essay is essential in making sure you do well. Even if your professor gives you a list to choose from, you need to approach the task carefully. Use your general knowledge and preferences to determine which idea would be most interesting to write about.
Conduct your research. Keeping your topic in mind, browse through the Internet and your local library to find reliable sources. Ensure that there is enough information available for a solid study.
Write a thesis statement. It will be the point that you will be proving throughout your essay. It should be concise and easy to get so that your reader immediately understands your idea. Our thesis generator can create it for you.
Create the outline of your essay. As per usual, your zoology essay will have an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Don’t forget about your thesis statement when writing your paper. It is your focus point. Thus, the content of your essay should reflect it.
Write and edit your paper. Having the outline should make the writing process much more manageable. Tie your main arguments together and read the essay upon finishing. Make sure to proofread it as well – or do it automatically with a grammar checker . Editing is a key part of any successful essay.
Add a reference list. Ideally, you should note down every reference that you need when conducting your research. Write down each source as soon as you are done with it. This way, your bibliography will be complete before you even start writing. Then, you can simply add it to the bottom of your essay.

Double-check which citation style is required of you. They are quite distinct when it comes to details. Disregarding citation and referencing guides can ruin your essay from the start.

17 Zoology Essay Topics

As was mentioned before, there are hundreds of uses of zoology. It is a multidisciplinary science with many fascinating areas. There is no doubt that you will find a zoology essay topic that will fit your interest. Especially not after browsing through the list that we compiled below!

Adaptive evolution and niche occupation in island birds.
The social structure and cooperative behavior in bee colonies.
Behavior patterns and lifecycles of sea turtles.
The issues and problems of animal conservation.
The study and development of the theory of natural selection.
Morphology and ethology of the mantis shrimp.
An analysis of Darwin’s study of wildlife on the Galapagos Islands.
The effects of global warming on the polar bear population in the Arctic.
Evolutionary adaptation of moth species in North America.
Intersections between zoology and botany and what the two disciplines can gain from one another.
Wolves in Yellowstone Park and their impact on the ecosystem.
The relationship between brain size and intelligence of species.
The history and development of canine and feline domestication.
How can microbiology further the development of zoology as a science?
A comparison of the speech pattern development in parrots and corvids.
Zoological implications of the Persian Gulf oil spill.
How are species saved from the risk of extinction?

If the ideas above weren’t enough for you, try out the online topic generator . It will come up with a relevant idea on the spot!

Thank you for reading the article. We wish you all the best in writing your academic paper. Below, you can find zoology essay examples to inspire you in your work.

220 Best Essay Examples on Zoology

Animal testing: should animal testing be allowed — argumentative essay.

Words: 1768

How Honey Is Made Overview

Survival mechanisms of wild animals.

Words: 2925

Burmese Pythons in Florida and Louisiana

How a caterpillar becomes a butterfly, sea otters’ life cycle from birth to death.

Words: 2076

Dairy Cattle’s Integumentary System

Words: 1406

The Benefits of a Protection Dog

Forms of animal communication.

Words: 2791

Finches’ Beak Size and Seed Size Relationship

Words: 1404

Hairy Frog’s Adaptations and Environment

Elephant communication and its types.

Words: 4550

Pets’ Adoption: Cats Make This Life Happier

Negotiating: pandas in san diego zoo case, living resources of the ocean.

Words: 1678

Cockroach Infestation: Essential Findings and Solutions

Dairy meal as an important concentrate in dairy cow farming, horse family and its evolution, theoretical perspective on the giraffe’s adaptation, dodo bird and why it went extinct, can animals think.

Words: 1122

How the Ocean Current Affect Animals’ Life in the Sea

Concepts of the life of a lion.

Words: 1613

The Komodo Dragon: Species Conservation Plan

Applications in aba: reinforcement of feeding behavior in rats.

Words: 1957

Camel Racing and Nutrition

Communication behavior among crows.

Words: 1708

Primate Observation Paper

Words: 1432

Bean Beetles and Oviposition Experiment

Words: 1131

Importance of Coral Reefs

Words: 1625

Killer Whale, Its Life Cycle and Behavior

Words: 1388

The ecology of tigers

Words: 1912

Why Animals Matter to Us

Marine conservation and coastal development, grass fed versus grain and corn fed animals.

Words: 2475

On Animal Abuse and Cruelty

Words: 1369

Moths: Change in the Coloration

Bee colony collapse disorder (ccd).

Words: 1091

Conservation Knowledge of the Sumatran Orangutan

Words: 2495

Thermodynamics of Horses in Cold and Heat

Words: 1069

Ecology of Panther a Leo (Lion)

Words: 1940

The Behavior of Wolves

Words: 1491

Border Collie Dog Breed Information

Negative impacts of animal testing.

Words: 1214

Effect of Sound Waves on the Invertebrates Behavior

Words: 2726

Ants: Behavior, Life Cycle, and Living Conditions

Parental behavior in the great apes, discussion of the orcinus orca or the killer whale.

Words: 1568

Zoology: How the Cat Got Its Stripes

Unexpected pet medical issues and how to handle them.

Words: 1712

The Great Backyard Bird Count Event

Birds’ optimal forging practices.

Words: 1423

Optimal Foraging Theory in Zoology

Neurobiological mechanisms of depressive behavior in animals, researching of whale lion: assignment, squirrel monkeys’ structure and behavior, the bufo marinus eating habits, red panda: the animal observation, cane toad: analysis of species profile, asian longhorned tick and its importance for horses owners, age determination of american black ducks in winter and spring, coggins test: definition, description, and use, health issues in purebred animals: factors, awareness, and care.

Words: 3049

Habitat and Ocean Life Considerations of Bottlenose Dolphins

Words: 1104

The White-Tailed Deer’s Habitat, Reproduction, and Behavior

Words: 1384

Why Spirit Bears Need to Be Protected

Nimba myotis: a specimen of bat, the spirit bear of british columbia, the complex arms race between predator and prey article summary, “the complex arms race between predator and prey” article critique, honey bees disappearances: the colony collapse disorder, how homo sapiens influenced felis catus, the species concepts in zoology, sub-acute ruminal acidosis (sara) in dairy cattle.

Words: 2022

Javan Rhinos: Wildlife Trading of Endangered Animals

Words: 1368

The Great Pyrenees Dog Breed as a Pet

The american crow species analysis, study of diversity in spider communities.

Words: 1038

Echinodermata (Starfish): Origin, Classification, Characteristics

Ring-tailed cats: characteristics and habitat, reproductive performance of transgenic atlantic salmon, aggressive interactions in the german cockroach, blatella germanica, puppy mills. problems. the alternatives for puppy mills.

Words: 1164

Migration of the Caribou Birds

“the frog book” by steve jenkins and robin rage, how animals react to their reflection in mirror, foraging and storing behavior of the fox squirrel and the eastern gray squirrel.

Words: 1737

The Feeding Behavior of the Walrus

Morphometric study of ovarian follicle growth and ovarian surface epithelium during pregnancy in the rat.

Words: 1270

Dolphins Sleeping Pattern

Tasmanian devil’s facial tumor disease, pilot whales’ adaptations to their habitat.

Words: 1921

Asian & European Invasive Crab Species of Cape Cod

Words: 2241

Invertebrate Exhibit: Cockroaches

Honey bees: reasons of disappearance.

Words: 1289

Uromastyx Aegyptius Salt Gland During Drought

Words: 1094

Camels in UAE and Australia

Words: 1169

Lancelets’ Adaptation and Environment

Finches and worms’ evolutionary pattern, atlantic tomcod’s adaptation experiment.

Words: 1385

The Analysis of Siamangs’ Behavior in a Zoo Setting

Artemia sp. preference of light intensity.

Words: 1067

Artemia sp.: Morphology and Lifecycle

Crocodile: reptile characteristic, post-crossing mutations in drosophila flies of generations f1 and f2.

Words: 1980

Evolution of the Cichlid Fish Species in Lake Victoria

Words: 2690

Natural Selection in the White and the Black Butterflies

Oceanography: research on the albatross.

Words: 1719

Mapping the Terrestrial Reptile Distributions in Oman and the UAE

Influence of muscle development on the carcass quality in pork.

Words: 2638

Identifying Indicators to Recognize and Assess Pain in Fish

Salmonella in reptiles: diagnosis and treatment, microbial interactions in the gut of canadian geese, fatty liver and gastrointestinal tract disease in dogs.

Words: 1447

Natural History: The Ploughshare Tortoise

Words: 1433

Red Sea Whales Characteristics Review

Apiculture: memory in honeybees, the mad cow disease in britain, dogs, their talents and abilities.

Words: 1176

Project / Seminar topics and materials for Zoology

2020, Project / Seminar topics and materials for Zoology

Fresh project / seminar / research topics with there materials has been uploaded on samphina.com.ng for the Department of Zoology.

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Kanchan Kamila

Provides Burdwan University Master of Science Zoology Syllabus

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Provides List of Zoology Books of Burdwan University Library System with Necessary Bibliographical Details

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Provides Burdwan University Master of Science Conservation Biology Syllabus

Gregory T Papanikos

This book includes the abstracts of all the papers presented at the International Symposium on Animal Science & Zoology, 10-13 July 2017, organized by the Athens Institute for Education and Research (ATINER). In total 20 papers submitted by presenters coming from 15 different countries (Belgium, Benin, Cameroon, Chile, China, Israel, Lithuania, Mexico, Romania, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, UK and USA). The conference was organized into 8 sessions that included a variety of topic areas such as animal production, animal health and more. A full conference program can be found before the relevant abstracts. In accordance with ATINER’s Publication Policy, the papers presented during this conference will be considered for inclusion in one of ATINER’s many publications.

This book includes the abstracts of all the papers presented at the 2nd Annual International Symposium on Animal Science & Zoology (16-19 July 2018), organized by the Athens Institute for Education and Research (ATINER).

Tsegaye Mekuria

Alireza radkhah

The present study was conducted to investigate the morphometric characteristics of Mosquitofish populations (Gambusia holbrooki) in the Kashmar Region. For this purpose, 60 specimens of Mosquitofish (30 males and 30 females) were caught from Kashmar Region, Khorasan Razavi province (northeastern Iran) using Electrofishing.Twenty-nine morphometric characters were used for biometry in both sexes. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for each morphometric character to evaluate the significant difference between the male and female populations. ANOVA revealed significant differences in 18 morphometric characters among studied populations. The results of this study could be taken to consider the male and female populations of G. holbrooki as stocks in Iran.

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100+ Best Zoology Research Project Topics And Materials In 2024

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List of 100+ Best Zoology Research Project Topics And Materials In 2024

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Frequently asked questions

Which topic is best for PhD in zoology ?

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What are the topics in zoology ?

What is the best course after BSc zoology ?

Which university is better for zoology ?

Can you do PhD after MSc zoology ?

Which subject is best for MSc zoology ?

Which is better zoology or botany ?

What is scope of zoology ?

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